title
stringlengths
1
1.19k
keywords
stringlengths
0
668
concept
stringlengths
0
909
paragraph
stringlengths
0
61.8k
PMID
stringlengths
10
11
3.5. Confidence in Intended Helping Behaviours in Response to the Alicia Vignette
Mean confidence at pre-course was moderate (m = 2.89, SD = 0.89) and increased significantly over time (
PMC9963380
3.6. Quality of Intended Helping Behaviours in Response to the Alicia Vignette
PMC9963380
3.6.1. Recommended Actions
The most frequently endorsed recommended intended action at all time points was “Tell Alicia that there are sources of help and support available”, with over 97% of participants selecting this response. At pre-course, the mean number of intended recommended actions endorsed was 7.19 out of 8 total actions (SD = 1.26; s...
PMC9963380
3.6.2. Non-Recommended Actions
The non-recommended action “Ask Alicia about why she is injuring herself” was incorrectly endorsed by the majority of participants at each time point (73.4% at pre-course, 88.1% at post-course, 77.6% at follow-up; see At pre-course, the mean number of concordant actions (i.e., participants correctly not endorsing actio...
PMC9963380
3.7. Confidence in Actual Helping Behaviours
Respondents were moderately confident about the help they provided at pre-course, with a mean value of 2.98 (SD = 0.98), which increased to 3.80 (SD = 0.81) at follow-up (see
PMC9963380
3.8. Quality of Actual Helping Behaviours
NSSI
A total of 85 (57.8%) participants reported having contact with someone who had engaged in NSSI at pre-course and 29 (40.2%) reported having contact with someone at follow-up. Of these, 23 people reported having contact with someone at both pre-course and follow-up. These individuals were most commonly the participant’...
PMC9963380
3.8.1. Recommended Action
Participants were asked what actions they took to help the person they had the most contact with in the last six months. The most common recommended action taken was “Help them find ways to make their life more manageable or reduce their distress” at pre-course and at follow-up (see The mean number of recommended actio...
PMC9963380
3.8.2. Non-Recommended Actions
injuries
The most common non-recommended action taken at pre-course was “Ask them about why they were injuring themselves” at 48.8%, followed by “Let them know how distressing their injuries were to you” at 17.9% (see The mean number of responses that were concordant with the guidelines (i.e., participants correctly avoided und...
PMC9963380
3.10. Course Satisfaction and Course Feedback
Overall, participant feedback was very positive and all elements of the course were rated very highly (see Areas where the course could be improved included allowing more time to cover course content, better alignment of the different learning materials (i.e., PowerPoint and course handbook), and the use of roleplays t...
PMC9963380
4. Discussion
NSSI, self-injury
The present uncontrolled trial used a pre-course, post-course, and six-month follow-up survey to evaluate the effects of Mental Health First Aid Australia’s Participant knowledge about NSSI was moderate before the course and showed sustained improvement over time, with mastery being achieved by over three quarters of p...
PMC9963380
Strengths, Limitations, and Future Directions
The The limitations of the evaluation include low response rates at follow-up and limited data about actual first aid helping actions provided after the course. Additionally, the absence of a control group makes it difficult to discern whether observed effects resulted from the course itself or extraneous factors that ...
PMC9963380
5. Conclusions
The present evaluation provides initial evidence to support the effectiveness and acceptability of Mental Health First Aid Australia’s
PMC9963380
Supplementary Materials
The following supporting information can be downloaded at: Click here for additional data file.
PMC9963380
Author Contributions
Conceptualisation, K.S.B., F.A.C., C.M.K., N.J.R. and A.F.J.; Data curation, J.N.L., F.A.C., A.R., C.M.K. and A.J.M.; Formal analysis, J.N.L., S.E.B., A.R. and A.J.M.; Investigation, K.S.B.; Methodology, K.S.B., F.A.C., C.M.K., N.J.R. and A.F.J.; Project administration, K.S.B., A.R. and N.J.R.; Resources, L.K.; Supervi...
PMC9963380
Institutional Review Board Statement
The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of Melbourne (Ethics ID 1851649, granted 12 June 2018).
PMC9963380
Informed Consent Statement
Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study (see
PMC9963380
Data Availability Statement
The data presented in this study are available in
PMC9963380
Conflicts of Interest
K.S.B., J.N.L., F.A.C., A.V.S., S.E.B. and C.M.K. work for Mental Health First Aid Australia. A.R. and L.K. are previous employees of Mental Health First Aid Australia. A.F.J. is the co-founder of Mental Health First Aid Australia and on the board of Mental Health First Aid Australia. A.J.M. and N.J.R. declare no confl...
PMC9963380
References
Participant characteristics pre-course (n = 147).Observed means and standard deviations for outcome measures.Note: Mean changes and odds ratio (OR) over time from pre-course to post-course and pre-course to follow-up.Note: Number and percent of participants who intended to undertake recommended actions to support Alici...
PMC9963380
Introduction
Diabetes
HEART, TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, DIABETES
Edited by: Sathish Thirunavukkarasu, Emory University, United StatesReviewed by: Tina Cao, La Trobe University, Australia; Quan Huynh, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, AustraliaThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a real-life clinical physical activity program (DIAfit) on improving physical fit...
PMC10359883
Research design and methods
TYPE 2 DIABETES
This was a cluster randomized-controlled assessor-blind trial conducted in 11 clinical centres in Switzerland. All participants in the clinical program with type 2 diabetes were eligible and were randomized to either standard (3 sessions/week for 12 weeks) or alternative (1 session/week for the first four weeks, then 2...
PMC10359883
Results
type 2 diabetes
TYPE 2 DIABETES
All 185 patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age 59.7 +-10.2 years, 48% women) agreed to participate and were randomized in two groups: a standard group (n=88) and an alternative group (n=97)). There was an 11% increase in aerobic fitness after the program (12.5 Watts; 95% CI 6.76 to 18.25; p<0.001). Significant improve...
PMC10359883
Conclusions
Both frequency variants of the nation-wide DIAfit program had beneficial effects on physical fitness, HbA
PMC10359883
Clinical trial registration
PMC10359883
Introduction
TYPE 2 DIABETES
The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes is high (8.8%) and is projected to increase considerably in the next years (A Cochrane review has stated that the optimal type, frequency, intensity and duration of exercise for achieving therapeutic goals in type 2 diabetes patients are still unknown (This pragmatic randomized ...
PMC10359883
Materials and methods
PMC10359883
Design, setting and participants
ischemia, diabetic foot ulceration, type 2 diabetes, autonomic neuropathy
AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY, ISCHEMIA, PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE, TYPE 2 DIABETES, PROLIFERATIVE RETINOPATHY
The clinical DIAfit program is a nationwide Swiss lifestyle based real-life clinical group intervention program (Local diabetologist or general practitioners referred their patients to the closest clinical program centre. Inclusion criteria for patient to be enrolled in the clinical DIAfit program were age ≥18 years an...
PMC10359883
Randomization and blinding
DIAfit was a cluster randomized controlled single-blind trial 1:1. At the start of the clinical program, two different exercise frequency variants were introduced and tested. Patient groups were allocated per cluster (i.e., treatment centre) to randomly start one program variant first and then the other using concealed...
PMC10359883
Ethics
The study was approved by the ethical committee of Lausanne in 2011 (protocol 252/10) and all participants signed a written informed consent. The trial was registered (clinicaltrials.gov NCT01289587).
PMC10359883
Outcomes and measures
SECONDARY
All primary and secondary outcomes were reported at the level of the individual. Specially trained researchers and clinicians measured all outcomes. The primary outcome was the change in aerobic fitness. Secondary outcomes included changes in body composition, BMI, HbA
PMC10359883
Physical fitness
LOWER LIMB
Physical fitness was assessed by five parameters: aerobic fitness, lower limb muscle strength, walking speed, balance, and flexibility.Aerobic fitness was evaluated with a maximal graded cycle ergometry test performed by a cardiologist blinded to the other data. Participants started at 20 Watts. Increments of 20 Watts ...
PMC10359883
Body composition
CREST
During the medical visits, body weight and height were measure barefoot and clothes off. BMI was calculated based on measured height and weight. Waist circumference was measured midway between the iliac crest and the lowest border of the rib cage. Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance using a 4-polar...
PMC10359883
Cardiometabolic measures
Each centre measured HbA
PMC10359883
Confounder variables
type 2 diabetes
TYPE 2 DIABETES
Along with age and sex, educational level (EL) was included as a covariate since it’s related to physical fitness in patients with type 2 diabetes (
PMC10359883
Statistical analysis
REGRESSION, SECONDARY, COMPLICATIONS
Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 16 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX, USA). Taking into account a drop-out of 1 centre with an average program size of 10 patients per centre, we assumed that 7 patients per centre would participate in both aerobic fitness tests (due to non-participation, attrition, moving...
PMC10359883
Results
Participant flow chart.Baseline characteristics of the study participants are reported in Physical fitness, body composition, and cardiometabolic outcomes at baseline and at the end of the DIAfit program of all participants and within-group changes.SD, standard deviation; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index...
PMC10359883
Physical fitness
SECONDARY
Compared to baseline, aerobic fitness increased by 12.5 Watts (95% CI 6.76 to 18.25; p<0.001). This corresponds to a mean improvement of 11%. Also, at the end of the program participants needed 2.95sec (95% CI 2.48 to 3.43; p<0.001) less for the lower limb strength test (=increased strength), increased their flexibilit...
PMC10359883
Body composition
Body weight decreased by 0.93kg (95% CI -0.43 to -1.42; p<0.001), BMI decreased by 0.34 kg/m
PMC10359883
Cardiometabolic measures
weight reduction
REGRESSION
Between baseline and the end of the program, HbA Differences in physical fitness, body composition, and cardiometabolic outcomes in the standard and alternative program and between-group differences.CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; HbADifferences between groups are shown comparing the alternative vs the s...
PMC10359883
Discussion
type 2 diabetes, diabetes
TYPE 2 DIABETES, DIABETES
This pragmatic randomized trial demonstrated the effectiveness of a real-life nationwide PA group program (DIAfit) in improving aerobic fitness and other physical fitness outcomes such as strength, flexibility, balance and walking speed by 10-29%. Although to a lesser extent, the program also improved body weight, body...
PMC10359883
Conclusion
TYPE 2 DIABETES
The national DIAfit PA group program was effective and deliverable in real-world clinical settings for promoting PA and improving important health parameters such as physical fitness, cardiometabolic health, and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes. The alternative program of one-to-twice weekly supervised...
PMC10359883
Data availability statement
Part of the original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/supplementary material. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
PMC10359883
Ethics statement
The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Lausanne University Hospitals Ethical Committee. The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study.
PMC10359883
Author contributions
JP
JP and OG with the assitance of HD, MC, DD, SB and DS were responsable for the study design and all authors helped data collection. J-BR, AA and JP were responsible for the statistical analysis and AA and NJ helped with data management. AA and JP wrote the manuscript draft. All authors contributed to the article ad app...
PMC10359883
Acknowledgments
We thank DIAfit Switzerland (
PMC10359883
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
PMC10359883
Publisher’s note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or ...
PMC10359883
References
PMC10359883
Background
PIH, hypotension
HYPERTENSION
Certain routine medication could result in post-induction hypotension (PIH), such as angiotensin axis blockades, which are frequently administered as a first-line therapy against hypertension. Remimazolam is reportedly associated with lesser intraoperative hypotension than propofol. This study compared the overall inci...
PMC10286332
Methods
PIH
This single-blind, parallel-group, randomized control trial was conducted in a tertiary university hospital in South Korea. Patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia were considered for enrollment if the inclusion criteria were met: administration of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin r...
PMC10286332
Results
PIH
A total of 81 patients were analyzed, of the 82 randomized patients. PIH was less frequent in group R than group P (62.5% versus 82.9%; t value 4.27,
PMC10286332
Conclusion
PIH
Remimazolam results in less frequent PIH than propofol in patients undergoing routine administration of angiotensin axis blockades.
PMC10286332
Trial registration
This trial was retrospectively registered on Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), Republic of Korea (KCT0007488). Registration date: 30/06/2022.
PMC10286332
Keywords
PMC10286332
Introduction
PIH, hypotension
HYPERTENSION, COMPLICATIONS
General anesthesia induction is frequently followed by hypotension, namely post-induction hypotension (PIH), which is reportedly 18–50% [Propofol is the most commonly administered agent for the induction of general anesthesia [Angiotensin axis blockades are widely administered in the surgical population, owing to their...
PMC10286332
Methods
PMC10286332
Study setting
This study was designed as a single-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Wonju Severance Christian Hospital (CR321057; approval date: 20/07/2021) and registered with the Clinical Research Information Service of Korea (KCT0007488; re...
PMC10286332
Variables and assessments
Hypotension, hypotension
BLOOD, SECONDARY, DYSFUNCTION
The primary outcome was the incidence of hypotension following anesthesia induction. Hypotension was defined as a mean blood pressure (MBP) reduced 30% or more from the baseline MBP value or MBP < 65 mmHg, the threshold at which vital organ dysfunction can be initiated [Blood pressure was recorded six times during anes...
PMC10286332
Participants
UNCONTROLLED HYPERTENSION
Patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia were considered for enrollment if the inclusion criteria were met: routine administration of ACEI or ARB, 19 to 65 years old, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification of III or lower, and no involvement in other prospective clinical trials....
PMC10286332
Sample size
hypotension
The incidence of hypotension was considered as 84% in the patients receiving angiotensin axis blockades and propofol as an induction agent based on a previous study [
PMC10286332
Protocol
postoperative pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting, µg*kgAfter loss of consciousness
Assessment of eligibility and enrollment in the study was performed by the corresponding author. The participants were informed about the study via an informed consent form the day before the surgery, and provided sufficient time to determine their participation and sign the form. The participants were randomly assigne...
PMC10286332
Statistical analysis
hypotension
REGRESSION, BLOOD
IBM SPSS 26 Statistics for Windows (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) was used for statistical analysis, and R Statistics 4.2.2 (R Core Team, Vienna, Austria) was used for visualization. The chi-square test was performed to analyze the primary outcome. The unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio of remimazolam versus propofol for...
PMC10286332
Discussion
PIH, supraglottic airway, hypotension
A remarkable proportion of patients (> 70%) in this study developed hypotension. This is higher than the general population and supports the finding that the patients routinely administered angiotensin axis blockades are vulnerable to PIH [In cases of intraoperative hypotension, the amount of reduction in the blood pre...
PMC10286332
Acknowledgements
Not applicable.
PMC10286332
Authors’ contributions
Conceptualization: YG Jeon. Data curation: YH Cho, YG Jeon. Formal analysis: SW Song. Investigation: SW Song, S Kim, YH Cho, YG Jeon. Methodology: YG Jeon. Project administration: Jeon YG. Supervision: JH Park. Validation: SW Song, Jeon YG. Visualization: SW Song. Writing – original draft: SW Song, S Kim, JH Park, YH C...
PMC10286332
Funding
This research was funded by the departments of the corresponding author.
PMC10286332
Availability of data and materials
The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
PMC10286332
Declarations
PMC10286332
Ethics approval and consent to participate
The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Wonju Severance Christian Hospital (CR321057, approval date: July 20, 2021) and registered with the Clinical Research Information Service of Korea (KCT0007488) on June 30, 2022. Written informed consent was submitted by all subjects when they were...
PMC10286332
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
PMC10286332
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
PMC10286332
References
PMC10286332
Purpose
breast cancer
BREAST CANCER
The role of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy in the treatment of patients with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive (HR +) breast cancer is not well defined. Tools to better determine which patients may benefit from neoadjuvant endocrine therapy versus chemotherapy or upfront surgery remain an unmet need.
PMC10147793
Methods
early-stage HR, ®
RECURRENCE, BREAST, BREAST CANCER
We assessed the rate of clinical and pathologic complete response (cCR, pCR) among a pooled cohort of patients with early-stage HR + breast cancer who had been randomized to neoadjuvant endocrine therapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy in two earlier studies to understand better how outcomes varied by Oncotype DX Breast Re...
PMC10147793
Results
RS
We observed that patients with intermediate RS results had no statistically significant differences in pathologic outcomes at the time of surgery based on whether they received neoadjuvant endocrine therapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy, suggesting that a subgroup of women with a RS 0–25 may omit chemotherapy without com...
PMC10147793
Conclusion
RS
RECURRENCE
These data suggest that Recurrence Score® (RS) results may serve as a useful tool in treatment decision-making in the neoadjuvant setting.
PMC10147793
Keywords
PMC10147793
Introduction
RS, early-stage HR, breast cancer
SECONDARY, BREAST CANCER
Adjuvant endocrine therapy remains the standard of care for patients with early-stage, HR + breast cancer who can safely omit chemotherapy based on RS results; however, the role of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy remains unclear [The use of genomic assays has significantly impacted how physicians approach adjuvant treatm...
PMC10147793
Patients and methods
tumor, Cancer
TUMOR, INVASIVE BREAST CANCER, CANCER
Data were pooled from two independent randomized phase II prospective studies of early-stage, HR + , HER2- patients with invasive breast cancer in a preoperative setting, performed at Emory University’s Winship Cancer Institute (Emory) and Massey Cancer Center at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) from 2010 to 2012...
PMC10147793
Statistical analysis
RS
REGRESSION, DISSECTION, EVENT
Prior to combining the patients from each study into one analysis cohort, comparisons of the VCU and Emory patients were performed to assess whether the groups were similar enough for pooling. Due to small sample sizes, we were limited to conducting a simple descriptive exploration of study differences. Comparisons of ...
PMC10147793
Results
RS
Our analysis included 109 eligible patients from both institutions (Protocol schema from VCU study [Protocol schema from Emory study [CONSORT diagram for combined Cohort characteristics(a) The Wilcoxon Median 2-sample test was used for (b) No overall clinical stage variable reported for VCU(c) Intermediate RS values of...
PMC10147793
RS groups
RS, tumors, low RS
RECURRENCE, TUMORS, GROUP B
Patients were pooled and grouped based on RS result: RS < 11 (18.0% Emory and 20.3% VCU), RS 11–24 (Emory) or 25 (VCU) (36.0% Emory and 55.9% VCU), and RS 25 (Emory) or 26 (VCU) or higher (46.0% Emory and 23.7% VCU). Patients in Group A were older (median 64 years vs 59 years in Group D), with a higher percentage of lo...
PMC10147793
Rates of pCR
RS, breast or breast plus lymph nodes
EVENTS, RECURRENCE, GROUP B
With regard to pCR, there were few events reported among patients with low or intermediate RS results in the pooled data. One patient (4.8%) in Group A was found to have pCR in the breast plus lymph nodes (4.8%), while no patients in either randomized group achieved pCR in the breast or breast plus lymph nodes. While t...
PMC10147793
Discussion
RS, N0), breast cancer, toxicities, early-stage HR, tumors
RECURRENCE, BREAST CANCER, DISEASE, SECONDARY, EVENTS, TUMORS
In this study, we observed that patients with intermediate RS results had no statistically significant differences in pathologic outcomes at the time of surgery based on whether they received neoadjuvant endocrine therapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. While our study did not include secondary analyses of pCR based on ly...
PMC10147793
Authors' contribution
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Caitlin Taylor and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
PMC10147793
Funding
The authors have not disclosed any funding.
PMC10147793
Data availability
Enquiries about data availability should be directed to the authors.
PMC10147793
Declarations
PMC10147793
Conflicts of interest
Author Russell is an employee of and owns stock in Exact Sciences. Author Foreman is a former employee of Exact Sciences. Author Meisel has conflicts of interest caused by honoraria as follows: AstraZeneca, Clovis, Genentech, Glaxo SmithKline, Novartis, Pfizer, Puma, Sanofi Genzyme, and Seagen. She also has conflicts o...
PMC10147793
References
PMC10147793
Abstract
PMC10020803
Background
Iniparib (BSI-201), a novel anticancer agent thought to have poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitory activity and synergy with both gemcitabine and carboplatin (GC) was evaluated in 2 cohorts with GC.
PMC10020803
Methods
platinum-sensitive, primary peritoneal carcinoma
PRIMARY PERITONEAL CARCINOMA, DISEASE, EPITHELIAL OVARIAN CARCINOMA, FALLOPIAN TUBE CANCER
Parallel multicenter, single-arm, phase II studies using a Simon two-stage design. Eligible patients had a histological diagnosis of epithelial ovarian carcinoma, fallopian tube cancer, or primary peritoneal carcinoma and demonstration of platinum-sensitive (≥6 months [mo]) or -resistant disease (relapse 2-6 mo post-pl...
PMC10020803
Results
DISEASE
The overall response rate (ORR RECIST 1.0) in platinum sensitive disease was 66% (95% CI, 49-80) with a higher response rate in the 15 pts with germline
PMC10020803
Conclusions
ovarian cancer, platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer, platinum-sensitive, -resistant recurrent
BREAST CANCER
Given the subsequent lack of efficacy demonstrated for iniparib in breast cancer, these are studies of GC and demonstrate a higher than traditionally appreciated activity in patients with platinum-sensitive and -resistant recurrent ovarian cancer, especially in patients that harbor a This article evaluates the potentia...
PMC10020803
Implications for Practice
Controlled trials are essential to define standards of care.
PMC10020803
Background
cancer, Ovarian cancer, PD, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynaekologische, platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer, deaths, tumors
RECURRENCES, GYNECOLOGIC CANCER, CANCER, DISEASE, OVARIAN CANCER, TUMORS
Ovarian cancer is a devastating disease with the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic tumors, with an estimated 22 280 new diagnoses and 14 240 deaths annually in the United States, and is the 8th most common cancer in women worldwide.Approximately one-third of recurrences occur within 6 months of last platinum an...
PMC10020803
Methods
The studies underwent formal IRB review and were registered at clinicaltrials.gov (Sensitive: NCT01033123; Resistant: NCT01033292). Each study was designed as a multi-center, single-arm phase 2 using a Simon 2-stage design. In both studies, the primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR), evaluated in all patien...
PMC10020803
Treatment
The regimen (GCI) consisted of gemcitabine given without fixed-dose rate adjustment over 30 min at 1000 mg/m
PMC10020803
Patient Eligibility
primary peritoneal carcinoma
PRIMARY PERITONEAL CARCINOMA, DISEASE, EPITHELIAL OVARIAN CANCER, FALLOPIAN TUBE CANCER
Key eligibility criteria included having epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, or primary peritoneal carcinoma, measurable disease per RECIST 1.1 criteria, and ECOG performance status 0-2.Platinum-sensitive disease was defined as radiological relapse >6 months after the last dose of platinum or platinum-bas...
PMC10020803