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2.3.3. Generalized Anxiety Disorder–(GAD-7) | restless, anxiety | To track participants’ anxiety levels, the GAD-7 was used. The instrument consists of 7 items that assess how much the patient is bothered by feeling nervous, anxious, worried, restless, and irritated in the last two weeks. Questions were answered on a Likert-type scale (0–3), and scores ranged from 0 to 21, where high... | PMC10002443 | |
2.3.4. Patient Health Questionnaire-9–(PHQ-9) | depression | DISORDERS | The PHQ-9 is composed of nine questions that verify the presence of each of the symptoms of an episode of depression presented in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [ | PMC10002443 |
2.4. Compositions of Interventions | Psychological and nutritional interventions were carried out on the premises of the university where the research was conducted. The multi-professional team was duly instructed and prepared to meet the needs of the participants. Theoretical-practical activities started with nutritional interventions or psychoeducation,... | PMC10002443 | ||
2.4.1. Physical Exercise | cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular fitness | Physical exercises were performed twice a week, focused on improving cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular fitness (mainly to improve functional capacity), lasting approximately 60 min per session. The training plan consisted of resistance exercises focused on large muscle groups, and cardiorespiratory exercises (which w... | PMC10002443 | |
2.4.2. Nutritional Intervention | Nutritional interventions were based on the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population [ | PMC10002443 | ||
2.4.3. Psychoeducation | Psychoeducation was based on therapeutic interventions with the central objective of proposing a model for treating and preventing mental illnesses based on an educational character [ | PMC10002443 | ||
2.5. Statistical Analysis | Asymmetry and kurtosis tests and visual inspection of histograms analyzed the distributions of numeric variables. After analyzing the distributions, numerical data were described by the mean and standard deviation (±) or median and 25–75 percentiles, depending on the data normality. Categorical data were described with... | PMC10002443 | ||
4. Discussion | overweight, PTSD, overweight or obesity | DISEASE | The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a multi-professional intervention model on the mental health of middle-aged, overweight survivors of COVID-19. The results of the present study confirmed that psychoeducation, added to multi-professional activities, was effective in significantly improving the psych... | PMC10002443 |
5. Conclusions | anxiety, depressive, infection, overweight, post-traumatic stress disorder | INFECTION | It was concluded that multi-professional interventions significantly improved general well-being, emotional well-being, social well-being, and psychological well-being indicators in middle-aged, overweight survivors of COVID-19. Complementarily, there was a significant reduction in the scores representing the symptoms ... | PMC10002443 |
Author Contributions | Conceptualization, B.H.M.B. and R.G.M.; methodology, J.J.R., J.M., P.V.-B. and B.H.M.B.; software, V.A.S.P.; validation, B.H.M.B., P.V.-B. and J.M.; formal analysis, A.F.S., V.A.S.P., M.L.C., P.V.-B. and B.H.M.B.; investigation, J.J.R., M.G.d.S.M., M.L.C., A.F.S. and D.C.d.S.M.; resources, B.H.M.B. and P.V.-B.; data cu... | PMC10002443 | ||
Institutional Review Board Statement | This study was approved by the local Ethics and Research Committee under 4,546,726 and registered in the Brazilian Platform for the Registration of Clinical Trials (ReBEC) under the registration: RBR-4mxg57b, fully following the Declaration of Helsinki. | PMC10002443 | ||
Informed Consent Statement | Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. | PMC10002443 | ||
Data Availability Statement | The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current research are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. | PMC10002443 | ||
Conflicts of Interest | The authors declare no conflict of interest. | PMC10002443 | ||
References | ±, Anxiety | DISORDER, EVENT, EVENT | Study flowchart according to CONSORT.Summary of multi-professional interventions. MHC-SF = Mental Health Continuum–Short Form; IES-R = Impact of Event Scale—Revised; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire.Mental Health Continuum (MHC) scores before and after multi-professional interv... | PMC10002443 |
Subject terms | TNBC, Breast Cancer | TRIPLE-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER, RESIDUAL DISEASE, BREAST CANCER, TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER | This exploratory analysis of the Neoadjuvant Carboplatin in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (NACATRINE) study aimed to identify the biomarkers of pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) within the context of a clinical trial. T... | PMC10695933 |
Introduction | early-stage operable primary breast cancer, TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer, tumor | TUMOR, TRIPLE-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER, TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER | Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the preferred treatment strategy for patients with early-stage operable primary breast cancer of biologically aggressive subtypes, such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)Furthermore, although anthracyclines and taxanes are now widely accepted as standard of care chemotherapy in TN... | PMC10695933 |
Patients and methods | PMC10695933 | |||
Study design and participants | tumor, cancer, TNBC, Triple-negative, Cancer | TUMOR, METASTASIS, CANCER, RESOLUTION, CANCER | The NACATRINE trial is a phase II, single-center, randomized, open-label study that investigated the addition of carboplatin to paclitaxel after standard anthracycline/cyclophosphamide NAC in 146 patients with TNBC (NCT02978495). Eligible patients were women (aged ≥ 18 years) with previously untreated, stage II–III, hi... | PMC10695933 |
RNA isolation from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples | Cancer | CANCER | To obtain total RNA, pretreatment breast tissue samples were obtained from the archives of the Department of Pathology at Barretos Cancer Hospital. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples were subjected to total RNA isolation using the QIASymphony automated platform with the QIAsymphony RNA mini kit (Qiagen), f... | PMC10695933 |
NanoString nCounter® system assays | Breast Cancer | BREAST CANCER | Gene expression profiling was performed using the nCounter Breast Cancer 360 panel (NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA, USA), according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Briefly, 100 ng of FFPE total RNA sample was hybridized with probes for 21 h at 65 °C; subsequently, the complexes were processed using NanoString Pre... | PMC10695933 |
Statistical analyses | The raw values of gene expression obtained by nSolver Analysis Software version 2.6® (NanoString Technologies) were submitted to a data normalization step, which aimed to correct experimental variables between samples, such as differences in the efficiency of hybridization, purification, or binding. This step was perfo... | PMC10695933 | ||
Gene enrichment and pathway analysis | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathway analyses of the differentially expressed genes were performed using the SRplot platform ( | PMC10695933 | ||
Endpoints and study hypotheses | ypN0, death | DISEASE, SECONDARY, RECURRENCE | The primary endpoint of the NACATRINE trial was pCR, which was defined as pathological stage ypT0/Tis ypN0 at the time of definitive surgery. The secondary endpoints were OS and DFS, defined as the time from treatment to death and the time from randomization to disease recurrence, respectively.The hypotheses of this ex... | PMC10695933 |
Results | PMC10695933 | |||
Differential expression of genes associated with pathological complete response (pCR) and residual disease | breast cancer-related | RESIDUAL DISEASE | Gene expression levels, using a panel of 776 breast cancer-related genes, were analyzed in pretreatment samples from the carboplatin + paclitaxel (n = 33) and paclitaxel (n = 33) arms. As shown in Fig. Heatmap of gene expression data using unsupervised hierarchical clustering to show the difference in expression betwee... | PMC10695933 |
Accuracy of gene alterations in predicting pCR | REGRESSION | To assess the accuracy of genetic changes as biomarkers for pCR, we generated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for the pCR-predictive genes in the boxplot (Fig. ROC curves and multivariate analysis of potential pCR predictor genes. (Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate th... | PMC10695933 | |
Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis | KEGG pathway analyses were performed on the differentially expressed genes identified as potential pCR biomarkersEnrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes by KEGG using | PMC10695933 | ||
Association between gene alterations and overall and disease-free survival | We also explored the potential influence of these biomarkers on OS and DFS. In general, gene alterations proven predictive of pCR were also predictive of better OS, such as downregulation of Overall and disease-free survival according to gene expression profile. The Y-axis represents the overall and disease-free surviv... | PMC10695933 | ||
Discussion | tumor, Breast Cancer, breast cancer, TNBC, breast cancer-related | DISEASE PROGRESSION, BREAST CANCER, METASTASIS, TUMOR, RECURRENCE, BREAST CANCER, DISEASE, REGRESSION, EVENTS | In this exploratory analysis of the NACATRINE trial, we employed a commercial human breast cancer-specific gene expression assay to establish candidate biomarkers for pCR and long-term outcomes in women with TNBC treated with two different schedules of NAC. This assay of 776 genes, which targets various biological mech... | PMC10695933 |
Conclusions | TNBC | Working on pretreatment tissue samples of TNBC derived from a prospective randomized clinical trial addressing the role of carboplatin added to standard anthracycline/taxane therapy, we established individual gene alterations and gene signatures that correlated with pCR, OS, and DFS. These biomarkers warrant further cl... | PMC10695933 | |
Supplementary Information | The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-023-48657-6. | PMC10695933 | ||
Acknowledgements | Cancer | RECRUITMENT, CANCER | The authors would like to thank the Biobank of the Barretos Cancer Hospital for the technical support in handling biological samples from the patients, the Researcher Support Center (NAP) for the support with the recruitment of clinical trial participants, and the Barretos Cancer Hospital Research Incentive Program (PA... | PMC10695933 |
Author contributions | A.J.A.F. developed and led the study, performed data reviews and analyses, and prepared the manuscript. C.R.N. and M.A.O. participated in the data analysis. M.S.M. participated in the manuscript preparation and critical reading of the manuscript. R.L.C. assisted with the NanoString experiments. I.V.V.S. assisted with c... | PMC10695933 | ||
Funding | Department of Science and Technology–DECIT, Ministry of Health (grant no. 879848/2018). | PMC10695933 | ||
Data availability | The data generated in this study are available upon request from the corresponding author. | PMC10695933 | ||
Competing interests | The authors declare no competing interests. | PMC10695933 | ||
References | PMC10695933 | |||
Background | EVENTS | Evidence indicates that Nigeria’s high maternal mortality rate is attributable primarily to events that occur during the intrapartum period. This study determines the effectiveness of multifaceted interventions in improving the quality of intrapartum care in Nigeria’s referral hospitals. | PMC10464082 | |
Methods | REGRESSION | Data collected through an exit interview with 752 women who received intrapartum care in intervention and control hospitals were analyzed. The interventions were designed to improve the quality indicators in the WHO recommendations for positive childbirth and assessed using 12 quality indicators. Univariate, bivariate,... | PMC10464082 | |
Results | The interventions showed a 6% increase in composite score of quality of care indicators at intervention compared with control hospitals. Five signal functions of intrapartum care assessed were significantly (< 0.001) better at intervention hospitals. Quality scores for segments of intervention periods compared to basel... | PMC10464082 | ||
Conclusions | We conclude that multiple interventions that address various components of the quality of intrapartum care in Nigeria’s referral hospitals have demonstrated effectiveness. The interventions improved five of ten quality indicators. We believe that this approach to developing interventions based on formative research is ... | PMC10464082 | ||
Trial registration | The study was registered at the Nigeria Clinical Trials Registry. Trial Registration Number NCTR No: 91,540,209 (14/04/2016) | PMC10464082 | ||
Keywords | PMC10464082 | |||
Background | EVENTS | Available evidence indicates that Nigeria’s high maternal mortality rate is largely attributable to events that occur during the intrapartum (delivery) period [The reasons proffered by women for use of unskilled birth attendants in Nigeria are multiple [The World Health Organization has made a series of recommendations... | PMC10464082 | |
Methods | PMC10464082 | |||
Study Design and setting | The study was drawn from a larger quasi-experimental research conducted in referral hospitals in Nigeria with the broad goal of improving the quality of obstetric care [ | PMC10464082 | ||
Ethical approval | Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the World Health Organization and the National Health Research Ethics Committee (NHREC) of Nigeria with registration number NHREC/01/01/2007 | PMC10464082 | ||
Data source | PREGNANCY COMPLICATION | We conducted exit interviews with 752 women who received intrapartum care in four referral hospitals over 21 months, from October 2017 to June 2019. The baseline was the 1st–3rd month; 4th–9th month, intervention period; immediate post-intervention, 10th–15th month; and 16th–21st month was post-intervention period. The... | PMC10464082 | |
Variables and measures | The outcome of interest, quality of intrapartum care, was assessed using twelve quality indicators(QIs) selected from the WHO recommendations for positive childbirth experience [
Distribution of the study population by characteristics and study periods Ten QIs that involved all the respondents were aggregated to genera... | PMC10464082 | ||
Explanatory variables | The main explanatory variables were the site (intervention versus control site) and the research period (baseline and intervention). The intervention period was further segmented into seven periods of three months from baseline to the end of the intervention. | PMC10464082 | ||
Control variables | ANTEPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE, PRE-ECLAMPSIA, COMPLICATIONS, SECONDARY | Since the QI measures were based on the subjective report of the respondents, the effect of the personal characteristics of the respondents, which differed significantly between sites, was adjusted. These included age, the highest level of education, religion, occupation, and diagnosis of complications such as antepart... | PMC10464082 | |
Data analysis | REGRESSION | All the data were collected using computer-assisted personal interview (CAPI) and extracted into Stata version 13 for analysis. The characteristics of the respondents for each arm were described using summary statistics, frequency, and percentage as applicable. The difference between sites was examined using a t-test o... | PMC10464082 | |
Results | pain | REGRESSION, SECONDARY, COMPLICATIONS | The distribution of the respondents by socio-demographic characteristics and the study periods is presented in Table
Quality Indicators of Intrapartum Care by Site The distribution of the intrapartum care quality indicators is presented in Table Poisson regression was conducted to predict the count of intrapartum car... | PMC10464082 |
Discussion | pains, pain | REGRESSION | The study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of a set of interventions in improving the quality of intrapartum care in Nigerian referral hospitals. The interventions which were co-designed and implemented by healthcare providers and administrators addressed multiple challenges associated with inadequate deli... | PMC10464082 |
Study strengths and limitations | To the best of our knowledge, this study is one of a few studies that address improving the quality of intrapartum care in sub-Saharan Africa. Given the high rate of maternal mortality in the continent, it is surprising that many such interventions have previously not been conducted to improve the quality of care in la... | PMC10464082 | ||
Acknowledgements | We are grateful to Dr. Taiwo Oyelade and Dr. Mariana Widmer of the Nigeria and Geneva offices of the WHO for their support for the study. | PMC10464082 | ||
Authors’ contributions | The conception of study: FO; design and execution of intervention activities: FO. HG, RO. KA VO, WI, LN; formative research: FO, RO, HG, KA, VO, LN, WI; supervision of study and data collection: FO, LN, VO, KA, WI; manuscript development and preparation: FO, LN; data analysis: LN; editing of manuscript: FO, LN, BE, RO,... | PMC10464082 | ||
Funding | The project was funded by the Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, WHO, Geneva through its programme on improving implementation research on maternal health in developing countries (protocol ID A65869). The WHO has no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data or in... | PMC10464082 | ||
Data Availability | The dataset analyzed for the current study is available from the corresponding author on request. | PMC10464082 | ||
Declarations | PMC10464082 | |||
Competing interests | The authors declare no competing interests. | PMC10464082 | ||
Ethics approval and consent to participate | NHREC/01/01/2007 | Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the World Health Organization and the National Health Research Ethics Committee (NHREC) of Nigeria with registration number NHREC/01/01/2007 (16/07/2014), renewed in 2015 with registration number NHREC 01/01/20047b (12/12/2015). The Chief Medical Directors, and Heads of ... | PMC10464082 | |
Consent for publication | Not applicable. | PMC10464082 | ||
List of Abbreviations | World Health OrganizationNigeria Clinical Trials RegistryInternational Standard Randomised Controlled Trial NumberQuality IndicatorsCaesarean SectionComputer-assisted Personal InterviewIncidence Risk RatioAdjusted Incidence Risk RatioConfidence Interval | PMC10464082 | ||
References | PMC10464082 | |||
Objective | NCD, major neurocognitive disorder | To explore the effects of a multicomponent training (MT) physical exercise intervention in the cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and quality of life of older adults with major neurocognitive disorder (NCD). | PMC10394955 | |
Methods | Alzheimer’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale – Cognitive | Quasi-experimental controlled trial. Thirty-six individuals (25 female) were equally distributed to an exercise group (aged 74.33 ± 5.87 years) or a control group (aged 81.83 ± 6.18 years). The Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale – Cognitive (ADAS-Cog), the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the Quality of Life – Al... | PMC10394955 | |
Results | There was no clear interaction effect factor of intervention on ADAS-Cog (B = 1.33, 95% CI: -2.61 – 5.28, | PMC10394955 | ||
Conclusions | cognitive decline | The 6-month MT physical exercise intervention did not present evidence of slowing down cognitive decline neither improving neuropsychiatric symptomatology, and quality of life of older adults with major NCD. Future studies with larger samples are needed to better understand the impact of physical exercise interventions... | PMC10394955 | |
Background | nighttime behaviors, NCD, anxiety, eating disorders, dementia, hallucinations, agitation, neurocognitive disorder, apathy | Along with the decline in cognitive function that characterizes a neurocognitive disorder (NCD), individuals may suffer from the progressive severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms (e.g., agitation, apathy, anxiety, hallucinations, eating disorders, nighttime behaviors) that often lead to a lower quality of l... | PMC10394955 | |
Methods | PMC10394955 | |||
Study Design and Setting | BRAIN | The present study takes part in the “Body & Brain” project, | PMC10394955 | |
Participants Eligibility Criteria | dementia, respiratory and/or musculoskeletal condition | DISORDER, RECRUITMENT | Individuals aged ≥ 60 years, clinically diagnosed by a physician with major NCD or dementia (for at least 6-months) and capable of walking independently without an assistive device or human assistance were considered eligible to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria included: i) diagnosis of any condition or dis... | PMC10394955 |
Interventions | BRAIN | EG was assigned to a 6-month group-based MT intervention (two sessions per week, 60 minutes per session) involving 5 to 8 participants. Exercise sessions were divided into 3 main parts: 10 minutes of warm-up (e.g., joint mobilization, general activation, and slow walking); 35-45 minutes of specific MT training (e.g., c... | PMC10394955 | |
Data Collection | Data collection occurred at baseline and after the 6-months intervention. A cutoff of 70% was considered for the adherence rate (i.e., calculated by dividing the number of attended sessions by the total number of sessions offered). | PMC10394955 | ||
Outcome Measures | Alzheimer’s Disease | Evaluations were conducted by specialized and well-trained researchers, who were not responsible for implementing the MT program or the social activity sessions, and were not masked to group assignment.Participants’ sociodemographic information (age, sex, marital status, education, and living situation), and general cl... | PMC10394955 | |
Statistical Analyses | Data normality was verified using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were used as appropriate to describe sample characteristics. Between groups comparisons at baseline were performed with both independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables, and Pearson’s Chi-Squared... | PMC10394955 | ||
Results | PMC10394955 | |||
Discussion | Alzheimer’s disease, NCD, dementia | NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS, MINOR, RECRUITMENT, BRAIN, SYNDROMES | The results from this study suggest that a 6-month MT physical exercise intervention was not effective in improving cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptomatology, and quality of life of older adults diagnosed with major NCD. Previous studies attested MT effectiveness in improving individuals with NCD lower body f... | PMC10394955 |
Future Research Implications | Future trials should continue exploring the effects of MT training methodologies in cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and quality of life, and intent to provide more detailed information on the impact MT has on specific cognitive abilities, such as executive functions, and on distinct behavioral and psychological s... | PMC10394955 | ||
Conclusion | cognitive decline | DISEASE PROGRESSION | The 6-month MT physical exercise intervention did not present evidence of slowing down cognitive decline neither improving neuropsychiatric symptomatology, and quality of life of older adults with major NCD. A MT intervention can be an effective way to slow down cognitive decline, manage challenging behaviors and impro... | PMC10394955 |
ORCID iD | Flavia Borges-Machado | PMC10394955 | ||
References | PMC10394955 | |||
Background | hypospadias, congenital anomaly | COMPLICATIONS | About one in 200 to one in 300 male births has hypospadias. The prevalence of this congenital anomaly varies worldwide. The meatus is located distally in approximately 70% of cases. Several surgical techniques were described for distal hypospadias repair; despite this, there is no ideal approach. This study compares ur... | PMC10148394 |
Methods | chordee, hypospadias | This prospective randomized comparative study was conducted at Al-Azhar University Hospitals from April 2022 to October 2022. Fifty-seven cases with different types of hypospadias were assessed for eligibility. Among them, seven cases were excluded due to the presence of severe chordee (n = 3), proximal variant (n = 2)... | PMC10148394 | |
Results | postoperative pain, fistula | MEATAL STENOSIS, DEHISCENCE, COMPLICATIONS | The mean age of all studied cases was 4.2 years. Approximately 52% had coronal or sub-coronal meatus, whereas 48% had glandular meatus. Both groups were matched according to age and meatus location (p > 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding duration of operation, p... | PMC10148394 |
Conclusions | Both urethral advancement &glanuloplasty, and TIP urethroplasty have comparable short-term outcomes. Urethral advancement and glanuloplasty is preferred in certain conditions, especially in circumcised children or those with a narrow urethral plate. | PMC10148394 | ||
Trial registration | The study protocol was approved by the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (number for the registry is: PACTR202211757905870) on (29/11/2022). All procedures were performed per the Helsinki Declaration. | PMC10148394 | ||
Keywords | Open access funding provided by The Science, Technology & Innovation Funding Authority (STDF) in cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB). | PMC10148394 | ||
Background | hypospadias, congenital anomaly | URETHRA | About one in 200 to one in 300 male births has hypospadias. The prevalence of this congenital anomaly varies worldwide; for example, in Europe, 19.9 per 10,000; in North America, 34.2 per 10,000 and in Africa, 5.9 per 10,000. The meatus is located distally in approximately 70% of cases that happened most probably becau... | PMC10148394 |
Patients and methods | chordee, hypospadias | PENIS, COAGULATION DISORDERS | This prospective randomized comparative study was conducted at Al-Azhar University Hospitals from April 2022 to October 2022 to compare urethral advancement &glanuloplasty and TIP urethroplasty techniques for distal hypospadias repair. Preoperative inclusion criteria included primary cases and absence of severe chordee... | PMC10148394 |
Surgical techniques | chordee, nerve block | PENIS, URETHRA | The repair was performed in all patients under general anesthesia with a caudal nerve block in the supine position. First, a traction suture was placed at the glans, and then a silicone urethral catheter was passed (the caliber was selected according to the patient’s age and meatal size). After a circumcising incision,... | PMC10148394 |
Follow-up | meatal stenosis | MEATAL STENOSIS, COMPLICATIONS | Follow-up was done for all cases in the outpatient clinic at 3 days, 7 days, 3 weeks, and 2 months postoperatively to detect complications. All complications were recorded for analysis. The operators observed the voiding stream force and direction postoperatively to detect any abnormality, and meatal stenosis was confi... | PMC10148394 |
Statistical analysis | The collected data were revised, coded, tabulated, and introduced to a personal computer using Statistical Package for Social Science (IBM Corp. Released 2017. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Student’s t-test was used to assess the statistical significance of the difference betwee... | PMC10148394 | ||
Results | The mean age of all studied cases was 4.2 years. Approximately 52% had coronal or subcoronal, whereas 48% had glanular meatus (Table
Comparison of studied parameters according to the operation type | PMC10148394 | ||
Discussion | COMPLICATIONS, URETHRA | During the research, we found some studies that compared either both techniques or described cohorts for each technique everyone alone, then reported the complications and success rate. Urethral mobilization is a relatively safe procedure as the urethra has good vasculature from the urethral branch of the internal pude... | PMC10148394 | |
Limitations | COMPLICATIONS | Despite being a prospective study, the present study has some limitations. First, there were two surgeons and not only one who performed the operations in both groups. The surgical skills may differ from one to another and may result in less favorable outcomes. Second, the follow-up time was short. In some cases, the f... | PMC10148394 | |
Acknowledgements | Not applicable. | PMC10148394 | ||
Author Contribution | Elhelaly | Basem A. Fathi :conception, design of the work; the acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data. Ahmed A. El Gammal : design of the work, interpretation of data, have drafted the work.Osama M. Ghoneimy : interpretation of data, have drafted the work. Ahmed A. Alrefaey : interpretation of data, have drafted the work.T... | PMC10148394 |
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