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Funding | Open access funding provided by The Science, Technology & Innovation Funding Authority (STDF) in cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB). | PMC10148394 | ||
Data Availability | The dataset of the current study is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. | PMC10148394 | ||
Declarations | PMC10148394 | |||
Ethics approval and consent to participate | The study protocol was approved by the Research ethics committee of the Faculty of medicine for Girls, Cairo, Al-Azhar University (FMG-IRB), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt (approval number: 1323) and registered at the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (number for the registry is: PACTR202211757905870). All procedures were ... | PMC10148394 | ||
Consent for publication | Not applicable. | PMC10148394 | ||
Competing interests | The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests. | PMC10148394 | ||
List of Abbreviations | Tubularized incised platePolydioxanone sutureGlandular urethral disassembly | PMC10148394 | ||
References | PMC10148394 | |||
Introduction | When smokers achieve abstinence in the first few weeks of treatment (ie, early treatment response), they have significantly greater odds of remaining abstinent at later times. | PMC10512105 | ||
Results | After accounting for treatment differences among 374 participants (mean [SD] age, 53.0 [11.4] years; 153 males [40.9%]), early treatment response increased odds of long-term abstinence (odds ratio, 3.6; 95 CI, 1.9-6.8; | PMC10512105 | ||
Best 1-4 Factors Associated With Early Response | Abbreviations: AIC, Akaike information criterion; CPD, cigarettes per day; NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio.Early abstinence was defined by week 2 verified carbon monoxide (CO) levels of 5 ppm or less.The 3-factor model had the best fit statistics while maintaining parsimony and significance of factors in the model.P... | PMC10512105 | ||
Discussion | In this study, early treatment responders had 3.6-fold greater odds of achieving long-term abstinence compared with nonresponders. Early responders smoked fewer cigarettes per day, reported nonuse of other tobacco products, and had lower cotinine levels at baseline. These findings may inform clinical decision-making by... | PMC10512105 | ||
1. Introduction | stress reduction | CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES | Detrimental effects of chronic stress on healthcare professionals have been well-established, but the implementation and evaluation of effective interventions aimed at improving distress coping remains inadequate. Individualized mHealth interventions incorporating sensor feedback have been proposed as a promising appro... | PMC9963645 |
2. Materials and Methods | PMC9963645 | |||
2.1. Trial Design | This multi-arm parallel group randomized controlled trial (including five intervention groups) was conducted and described [ | PMC9963645 | ||
2.2. Participants | The trial included multiple healthcare professionals (nursing staff and office workers) aged 18 years or older. No clinical patients were involved in the proposed study. An a priori power analysis with G*Power [To prevent selection bias, the allocation of participants to the intervention and control groups was randomiz... | PMC9963645 | ||
2.3. Interventions | work-related behavior | There were five different intervention scenarios (study arms), each including a WBT or an app and each with various levels of individualization. The app interventions included individualization according to the AVEM personality type (work-related behavior and experience pattern) [Likewise, the distinguished stress and ... | PMC9963645 | |
2.4. Outcomes | The assessment applied a selection of standardized questionnaire measures as well as sensor-based physiological and vital parameter measures (measured by Corvolution CM300 [ | PMC9963645 | ||
3. Results | PMC9963645 | |||
3.1. Flow-Chart | Based on the results of an a priori power analysis and an expected dropout rate of 20% (this appeared to be a realistic participation rate in previous intervention studies in different small- and middle-sized companies [Therefore, merely 643 participants were assigned to the study groups and received interventions (see... | PMC9963645 | ||
4. Discussion | This multi-arm parallel randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of multiple differentially individualized sensory-based mHealth interventions to improve distress coping with regard to physical activity and stress related outcomes in healthcare professionals. We hypothesized that individualized int... | PMC9963645 | ||
4.1. Strengths and Limitations | To the best of our knowledge, this is the first mHealth intervention in the healthcare setting of this quality and complexity in the study design, demonstrating initial effects in the area of physical effectiveness despite a small sample size and not-to-be-despised dropout rates. Furthermore, it is the first mHealth in... | PMC9963645 | ||
4.2. Future Research | ADVERSE EVENTS | Future interventions should use a less complex and longer-term study design to systematically demonstrate which individualization mechanisms lead to greater effectiveness of mHealth interventions in terms of distress coping. The focus of future mHealth interventions in the healthcare setting should be as low-threshold ... | PMC9963645 | |
4.3. Conclusions | In conclusion, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of individualized mHealth interventions in improving distress coping in healthcare professionals. The results showed positive effects on physical activity-related outcomes with high individualization, but no significant improvements on stress-related HRV param... | PMC9963645 | ||
Author Contributions | Conceptualization, B.W. and L.L.B.; methodology and formal analysis, H.B., L.H. and B.W.; investigation, H.B. and L.H.; resources, B.W.; data curation, H.B.; writing—original draft preparation, H.B.; writing—review and editing, B.W., L.L.B. and L.H.; visualization, H.B.; supervision, B.W.; project administration, B.W.;... | PMC9963645 | ||
Institutional Review Board Statement | The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Technical University of Berlin (No GR_14_20191217, date of approval 4 June 2021) for studies involving humans. Furthermore, the trial was registered at the German register of clinical trials (DRK... | PMC9963645 | ||
Informed Consent Statement | Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. All participants or their legal guardians obtained written informed consent before enrolment in the study and were free to withdraw it at any time. | PMC9963645 | ||
Data Availability Statement | The datasets generated and analyzed during the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. | PMC9963645 | ||
Conflicts of Interest | The authors declare no conflict of interest. | PMC9963645 | ||
References | UI-Design of the App (Consort study flow for multi-arm parallel group randomized controlled trials [Grouped raincloud mean value plot of pre–post differences in moderate to vigorous physical activity [min/day] across study arms and control group.Grouped raincloud mean value plot of pre–post differences in inactive peri... | PMC9963645 | ||
Subject terms | astigmatism, epiblepharon | ASTIGMATISM | A multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the effectiveness of incisional and nonincisional surgical techniques for treating lower lid epiblepharon in children. The study included 89 eyes from 50 children aged 3–15 years (mean, 7.5 ± 2.4 years) with moderate lower lid epiblepharon. Patients wer... | PMC10090162 |
Introduction | epiblepharon | STRETCHES | Epiblepharon is defined as a fold of skin that stretches across the edge of the eyelid and presses the lashes against the globeA variety of surgical techniques have been suggested for treating patients with epiblepharon. Among these, nonincisional suturing and incisional surgical techniques (modified Hotz procedure) ha... | PMC10090162 |
Subjects and methods | The present study was conducted according to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol and informed consent/assent forms were approved by the institutional review board of Yokohama City University Hospital, and Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center. Written informed consent was obtained from each pa... | PMC10090162 | ||
Patient selection | systemic syndrome, opacity, craniofacial anomalies | PTOSIS, OPACITY, DISEASES | Patients were selected for the study between September 2017 and July 2019 at Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan, and Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan (Fig. CONSORT diagram.Patients with a history of eyelid or facial surgery, ciliary touch on the upper eyelid, ptosis, and/or abnormalit... | PMC10090162 |
Randomization | The patient registration numbers were sent to a data center, which randomly assigned each patient (using random numbers generated by Excel) to one of the two surgical treatment groups with equal probability: (1) incisional surgery group (modified Hotz procedure with lid margin splitting [LMS]) or (2) nonincisional surg... | PMC10090162 | ||
Examinations and follow-up | SECONDARY | Randomization and preoperative examination were performed 1 month before the surgery. The examination included visual acuity, refractive examination using an auto refractometer, slit-lamp examination with fluorescent staining, and capturing the eyelid photographs. After surgery, both groups were followed up at 4 ± 1 we... | PMC10090162 | |
Surgical techniques | LMS | SKIN | General anesthesia was used for all surgical procedures. One of the two ophthalmologists performed the surgery, and both surgeons performed identical surgeries, as described in the methods below. The incision method (modified Hotz procedure with LMS) was based on the previously described method by Hwang et al.The subcu... | PMC10090162 |
Clinical outcomes | astigmatism | SUPERFICIAL KERATITIS, ADVERSE EVENTS, ASTIGMATISM, ECTROPION, SECONDARY | The primary endpoint was treatment success, i.e., percentage of well-correction, which is defined as the absence of both ciliary touch and superficial keratitis assessed 6 months after surgery. The treatment outcomes were graded on three levels: well-corrected (no ciliary touch or superficial keratitis); under-correcte... | PMC10090162 |
Statistical methods | astigmatism | ASTIGMATISM | Based on our previous surgical outcomes, we calculated the sample size. A retrospective analysis of our previous surgical outcomes (with a 3-month follow-up period) revealed that the clinical success rate of the suture method was 63% and that of the incision method was 90%. The sample size was then calculated using the... | PMC10090162 |
Results | herpes lesions, astigmatism, chalazion, epiblepharon, herpes simplex | ADVERSE EVENTS, ASTIGMATISM, HERPES LESIONS, CHALAZION, SCARRING, HERPES SIMPLEX | This study included 89 eyes from 50 patients (22 males and 28 females) of the 132 patients who were evaluated for eligibility. The mean age of the patients was 7.5 years (range: 3–12 years). The incision method was assigned to 25 patients with 45 eyes at random, whereas the suture method was assigned to 25 patients wit... | PMC10090162 |
Discussion | LMS, amblyopia, astigmatism, corneal astigmatism, epiblepharon, corneal epithelial lesions | AMBLYOPIA, ASTIGMATISM, RECURRENCE | We conducted the first randomized clinical trial (RCT) of epiblepharon to accurately evaluate the effectiveness and safety of incisional and suture techniques. In this study, only patients with grade 2 moderate epiblepharon, following the classification proposed by Lee et al.At 6 months after surgery, surgical outcomes... | PMC10090162 |
Conclusion | At 6 months of follow-up, this is the first RCT comparing two surgical techniques for treating moderate lower eyelid epiblepharon in children, and it found that the incision technique resulted in a greater number of well-corrected patients compared with the suture technique. | PMC10090162 | ||
Supplementary Information | The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-023-32050-4. | PMC10090162 | ||
Acknowledgements | We are especially grateful to all the patients and their families who participated in this study, to our collaborators and colleagues who referred us, and to the medical staff who worked on this study. I am also grateful to the members of the Data Safety Monitoring Board for their oversight of this study. | PMC10090162 | ||
Author contributions | M.T., N.M. T.O., T.F., M.A., and N.M designed the study. N.M. T.O., T.F., and M.A., contributed to the data collection. M.T., and N.M. analysed data. N.M., and M.T. wrote the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript. | PMC10090162 | ||
Data availability | The trial protocol and the data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. | PMC10090162 | ||
Competing interests | The authors declare no competing interests. | PMC10090162 | ||
References | PMC10090162 | |||
Subject terms | stroke, BBS, ExG | STROKE | To discuss the effects of 12 weeks of jump rope training on dynamic balance and stroke stability in junior tennis players. Sixteen junior tennis players at CTN7 level were used as subjects and randomly divided equally into ExG and ConG for 12 weeks of training, 3 times a week. The ExG performed Jump Rope training and S... | PMC10036319 |
Introduction | Modern tennis competition is characterized by fast pace, high power, strong rotation and multiple tactics, and the frequency of players anticipating, moving, adjusting and being forced to hit the ball has increased, and the balance ability and stability of hitting the ball have received attention from the majority of s... | PMC10036319 | ||
Methods | PMC10036319 | |||
The person in charge | The person in charge of this experiment has been engaged in college tennis training and coaching for 7 years, a national level player and a national level referee with good tennis training and coaching ability, and he participated in the design and supervision of the whole process of the experiment content. | PMC10036319 | ||
Subjects | In this experiment, 16 players with Chinese Tennis Technical Grade 7 (CTN7) level were selected as subjects with reference to the "Chinese Tennis Association Tennis Technical Grade Standards and Assessment Methods (Trial)". They were quite stable in hitting medium-speed balls, but they were not able to do well with any... | PMC10036319 | ||
Experimental content | Jumping rope (JR) training content for forward double leg alternating jump rope, reverse double leg alternating jump rope, double leg alternating cross jump rope, squatting alternating single leg alternating jump rope, these experimental elements should be completed while the body remains in motion. | PMC10036319 | ||
Forward double-legged alternate jump rope | This experimental content practice time is 120 s, the number of continuous practice is not less than 300 times, practice intensity is about 140–160 r/min, after a gap of 30 s to practice the next content. This action must keep the body upright, from the back of the body through the top of the head to the front of the b... | PMC10036319 | ||
Reverse double-legged alternate jump rope | This experimental content practice time is 120 s, the number of exercises is not less than 120 times, practice intensity is about 120–140 r/min, after a gap of 30 s to practice the next content. This action must keep the body upright, from the front of the body through the top of the head to the back of the body to com... | PMC10036319 | ||
Double-legged alternate cross jump rope | This experimental content practice time is 120 s, the number of exercises is not less than 120 times, practice intensity is about 120–140 r/min, after a gap of 30 s to practice the next content. This action must keep the body upright, from the front of the body through the top of the head to the back of the body to com... | PMC10036319 | ||
Squatting alternate single-leg jump rope | PAD | This experimental content practice time is 120 s, the number of exercises is not less than 60 times, the intensity of exercise is about 140–160 r/min, after a gap of 30 s to start special training (SPA). This action must keep the body upright, the body squatting to complete a left or right side of the body alternate ro... | PMC10036319 | |
Experimental protocol | ExG | In this experiment, the subjects in the ExG group received jump rope training and special preparatory activities (JR + SPA) 3 times a week for 12 weeks, and the jump rope training content was forward double-legged alternating jump rope, backward double-legged alternating jump rope, double-legged alternating cross jump ... | PMC10036319 | |
Dynamic balance ability test | BBS | The Biodex Balance System (BBS) was used to test the Limits of Stability (LOS) and Single Leg Stability Test (SLST) of the athletes to evaluate the dynamic balance of the subjects. All subjects tested the number of groups, content, time, difficulty and posture to maintain the same, the whole process in accordance with ... | PMC10036319 | |
Hitting stability test | stroke | STROKE | The ITN testing system was used for stroke stability, which can comprehensively and objectively evaluate the actual level of the subject with high accuracy and measure the subject's strengths and weaknessesHitting stability test (depth).Hitting stability test (accuracy). | PMC10036319 |
Statistical methods | Data were analyzed using SPSS 25. The results of each test were normally distributed and expressed as mean ± standard deviation (M ± SD). The athletes' limits of stability (LOS) and single-leg stability test (SLST) were analyzed by independent samples and paired samples | PMC10036319 | ||
Ethical approval | All date used in the study were from published date. This study involved 3 schools. All test procedures and content in this study were approved by the ethical review committee of Chongqing Preschool Education College, all subjects participated voluntarily, all data used were obtained and reviewed in strict accordance w... | PMC10036319 | ||
Experimental method statement | This study followed the International Tennis Federation approved International Tennis Number test criteria and experimental procedures | PMC10036319 | ||
Results | PMC10036319 | |||
Comparative analysis of subjects' limits of stability (LOS) test results | Table Comparative analysis of subjects' limits of stability (LOS) test results.Within-group differences *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; Differences between groups Table Subjects' limits of stability (LOS) 2 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA test.Within-group differences *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; Differences between groups | PMC10036319 | ||
Comparative analysis of subjects' single leg stability test (SLST) results | Table Comparative analysis of subjects' single leg stability test (SLST) results.Within-group differences *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; Differences between groups Table Subjects' single-leg stability test (SLST) 2 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA test.Within-group differences *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; Differences between groups | PMC10036319 | ||
Comparative analysis of subjects' hitting stability test results | Table Comparative analysis of subjects' batting stability test results.Within-group differences *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; Differences between groups Table Subjects' batting stability 2 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA test.Within-group differences *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; Differences between groups | PMC10036319 | ||
Discussion | PMC10036319 | |||
Effect of jump rope training on dynamic balance ability | Human dynamic balance can be achieved by reducing the area of support with the ground | PMC10036319 | ||
Effect of rope skipping training on stroke stability | ankle joints | CONTRACTIONS | Jump rope training exists in a routine unstable state that increases the difficulty of balance adjustment of the hip, knee, and ankle joints, and this unstable state of motion provides better physical preparation for the subject's unstable posture when hitting the ball. During rope skipping, muscle groups in the thigh ... | PMC10036319 |
The relationship between jump rope training to improve dynamic balance ability and stroke stability | Stroke | STROKE | Stroke stability in modern competitive tennis relies heavily on the dynamic balance of the body, and only with smooth support can the upper and lower extremities coordinate their efforts and hit high quality returns | PMC10036319 |
Author contributions | Z.S., S.X. formulated the project and wrote the manuscript with inputs from all the authors. X.Z. analysed the data. Z.S. funding access, Y.D., L.C. management and supervision. B.X., B.L. contributed ideas and helped with analysis. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript. | PMC10036319 | ||
Funding | This work was supported by the Science and Technology Research Program Project of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (No. KJQN202002904), General Project of Chongqing Education Science Planning (No. K22YG304282). | PMC10036319 | ||
Data availability | The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article are provided by the authors without reservation. | PMC10036319 | ||
Competing interests | The authors declare no competing interests. | PMC10036319 | ||
References | PMC10036319 | |||
Background | T2D, overweight | TYPE 2 DIABETES | Sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diet combined with overweight are risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Lifestyle interventions with weight-loss are effective in T2D-prevention, but unsuccessful completion and chronic stress may hinder efficacy. Determinants of chronic stress and premature cessation at the start of... | PMC10466828 |
Methods | prediabetes | PREDIABETES | Baseline Quality of Life (QoL), social support, primary care utilization, and mood were examined as predictors of intervention cessation and chronic stress for participants aged 25 to 70 with prediabetes ( | PMC10466828 |
Results | mood disturbances | Participants with children, women, and higher SES quitted intervention earlier than those without children, lower SES, and men. Lower QoL, lack of family support, and primary care utilization were associated with cessation. Lower QoL and higher mood disturbances were associated with chronic stress. Predictor variables ... | PMC10466828 | |
Conclusions | Policy-based strategy in public health should consider how preventive interventions may better accommodate different individual states and life situations, which could influence intervention completion. Intervention designs should enable in-built flexibility in delivery enabling response to individual needs. | PMC10466828 | ||
Trial registration | ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01777893. | PMC10466828 | ||
Keywords | Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. | PMC10466828 | ||
Introduction | T2D, diabetes | DISEASE, SECONDARY, TYPE 2 DIABETES, PREMATURE, DIABETES | Globally, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a cause of a major disease burden [Despite the potential benefits of lifestyle interventions in T2D-prevention, premature intervention cessation and stress are leading to sub-optimal intervention benefits [Premature intervention cessation is the result of a complex interaction between... | PMC10466828 |
Methods | PMC10466828 | |||
PREVIEW Intervention | The PREVIEW intervention was a 36-month randomized controlled trial (RCT) (Fig. PREVIEW Study timeline | PMC10466828 | ||
PREMIT behavior modification intervention | PA behaviors | PREMIT was a stage-based and theory-orientated intervention designed as an integral part of the PREVIEW intervention, but not specific to PREVIEW RCT arm. All participants received the same behavioral support. PREMIT had 4 stages: preliminary (stage 1); preparation (stage 2); action (stage 3); and maintenance (stage 4)... | PMC10466828 | |
Participants | overweight or obesity | RECRUITMENT | Participants were recruited from eight study sites; Copenhagen (Denmark), Helsinki (Finland), Nottingham (United Kingdom), Sydney (Australia), Maastricht (The Netherlands), Sofia (Bulgaria), Navarra (Spain), Auckland (New Zealand). Individuals irrespective of sex aged 25 to 70 years of age with overweight or obesity (B... | PMC10466828 |
Estimation of socio-economic status (degree of education) | Participants’ SES was estimated using the highest degree of education achieved [ | PMC10466828 | ||
Data collection and measurements | Data from anthropometric (weight and height), social-cognitive (social support, mood, chronic stress, QoL, primary care utilization, and socio-demographic characteristics) were collected at the intervention baseline. Data for intervention cessation were collected at each data assessment point (Fig. | PMC10466828 | ||
Body mass and height | Weight and height were measured lightly clad without shoes and BMI was calculated as (weight/height | PMC10466828 | ||
Socio-demographic characters | Data were collected using The European Social Survey and International Social Survey [ | PMC10466828 | ||
Social support | Based on the scale developed by Sallis et al. [Factor analysis with Principal Components method and Varimax rotation with Eigenvalue 2 as a cut of point to limit the number of domains was performed. The suggested factor solution explained 54.7% of the total variance. Both family and friend variables loaded to one domai... | PMC10466828 | ||
Quality of life | QoL was assessed using the World Health Organization [ | PMC10466828 | ||
Mood states | Mood states were assessed using the Profile Of Mood States Questionnaire (POMS) [ | PMC10466828 | ||
Chronic stress | Chronic stress was assessed by the perceived stress Scale (PSS) [ | PMC10466828 | ||
Primary healthcare utilization | A healthcare utilization questionnaire was developed for the PREVIEW intervention to assess utilization of healthcare services especially within primary care, based on existing questionnaires such as Schweikert et al. [ | PMC10466828 | ||
Statistical analyses | low chronic stress | REGRESSION, REGRESSIONS | Analyses were based on the 2,220 participants with height and body mass data at the start of the study commencement. For the purposes of this study, participants were divided in four groups separately for both outcome variables (cessation and chronic stress, Fig. Data were checked for missing values. For continuous var... | PMC10466828 |
Predictors of cessation | REGRESSION | Multinomial logistic regression with cessation as an outcome variable and “age”, “degree of education”, “primary healthcare utilization”, “social support”, “moods”, and “QoL” as predictor variables indicated overall model significance (Participants in very early (group 1) and early (group 2) cessation groups reported l... | PMC10466828 | |
Cessation – Independence of the significant predictors from BMI | REGRESSIONS | Two logistic regressions were calculated with the cessation as dependent variable. The first model was calculated with “BMI” as the predictor variable ( | PMC10466828 |
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