| { | |
| "original_study": { | |
| "claim": { | |
| "hypothesis": "Given these historical patterns, we may well expect lower castes to fair better in villages where no upper castes are present.", | |
| "hypothesis_location": "Section: Introduction; p. 240", | |
| "statement": "...lower castes fair significantly better, in terms of household income, if they reside in villages where a lower caste is dominant.", | |
| "statement_location": "Section 2: Household Outcomes by Caste Dominance; p.247", | |
| "study_type": "Observational" | |
| }, | |
| "data": { | |
| "source": "World Bank survey data on Uttar Pradesh and Bihar in India", | |
| "wave_or_subset": "NA", | |
| "sample_size": "2,250", | |
| "unit_of_analysis": "household", | |
| "access_details": "Access details (e.g., restrictions, request process)", | |
| "notes": "not stated" | |
| }, | |
| "method": { | |
| "description": "The author uses fixed effects regression analysis to explore the effect of being a low caste member in a village dominated by the lower caste on crop income.", | |
| "steps": "(1) Clean the data; (2) construct the Caste Dominance measure by landownership percentage for the castes; (3) Estimate the effects using regression analysis.", | |
| "models": "Fixed effects regression", | |
| "outcome_variable": "crop income per acre of total land", | |
| "independent_variables": "Caste Dominance", | |
| "control_variables": "Exogenous household characteristics (such as education, land ownership, and caste identity); district fixed effects; state fixed effects.", | |
| "tools_software": "not stated" | |
| }, | |
| "results": { | |
| "summary": "...lower castes fair significantly better, in terms of household income, if they reside in villages where a lower caste is dominant…The estimation results…confirm the robustness of the positive relationship between agricultural income and residing in a low-caste dominated village.", | |
| "numerical_results": [ | |
| { | |
| "outcome_name": "Household Crop Income", | |
| "value": "566.5", | |
| "unit": "", | |
| "effect_size": "", | |
| "confidence_interval": { | |
| "lower": "not stated", | |
| "upper": "not stated", | |
| "level": "not stated" | |
| }, | |
| "p_value": "<0.01", | |
| "statistical_significance": "1% level", | |
| "direction": "Positive", | |
| "notes": "No confidence intervals, but robust standard errors are reported (209.0)." | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "original_paper_id": "10.1257/app.3.1.239", | |
| "original_paper_title": "Caste as an Impediment to Trade", | |
| "original_paper_code": "http://www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/app.3.1.239", | |
| "original_paper_data": "http://www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/app.3.1.239" | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |