dpquoc/ARC · Datasets at Hugging Face

Unnamed: 0 int64 0 2.25k	id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 17 683	A stringlengths 1 147	B stringlengths 1 134	C stringlengths 1 153	D stringlengths 1 129 ⌀	answer stringclasses 5 values
1,481	MCAS_2015_5_13	Which of the following is the main role of flowers found on most flowering plants?	to take in air	to produce seeds	to absorb nutrients	to protect the stem	B
1,482	ACTAAP_2007_7_6	Which adaptation will warn predators not to eat an animal?	bright colors	bulging eyes	geometric shapes	poisonous secretions	A
1,483	Mercury_7115343	The cones of a jack pine tree require great amounts of heat to release their seeds. When are jack pine tree seeds most likely released?	during a flood	after a fire	during a drought	after a disease	B
1,484	Mercury_SC_LBS10764	When a thin slice from an onion is viewed through a microscope, lots of little box-like shapes are seen. These shapes are most likely	atoms.	dust.	cells.	bubbles.	C
1,485	Mercury_7038710	Which is an example of substances reacting chemically?	iron and oxygen forming rust	paper being cut into small pieces	chocolate melting in a pan	flour and sugar mixed together in a bowl	A
1,486	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_8	An object's hardness, taste, and texture are examples of	principles	stages	properties	processes	C
1,487	MDSA_2011_4_33	Some objects conduct electricity. Which object is the best conductor of electricity?	a metal fork	a wood spoon	a plastic comb	a rubber eraser	A
1,488	Mercury_182210	Which of the following eras is known as the "Age of Mammals"?	Precambrian	Paleozoic	Mesozoic	Cenozoic	D
1,489	AKDE&ED_2008_4_27	In Alaska, there are fewer hours of daylight in the winter than in the summer. Which statement best explains why this difference occurs?	The Sun burns hotter in the summer.	The Sun moves below the horizon in the summer.	The Northern Hemisphere is closer to the Sun in the winter.	The Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun in the winter.	D
1,490	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_30	Most of Earth's major earthquakes are caused by	seasonal heating and cooling of Earth's surface	weathering of rock at Earth's surface	Earth's gravitational attraction to the Moon	faulting of rock in Earth's crust	D
1,491	Mercury_177083	A girl with long hair is going to be participating in an experiment that uses an alcohol burner for an energy source. What is the best thing for her to do to prepare for this experiment?	leave her large jacket in her locker for the day	use goggles during the experiment	tie her hair back away from her face	wear a lab apron during the experiment	C
1,492	Mercury_7107223	Which factor would have the greatest influence on the southern migration of animals living in the Northern Hemisphere?	strong storms	long periods of drought	cold air temperatures	increasing daylight hours	C
1,493	Mercury_405768	What carries oxygen throughout the body?	white blood cells	brain	red blood cells	nerves	C
1,494	Mercury_SC_401301	Which is the best example of an inherited behavior?	a bear knowing the best place to catch salmon	a cat clawing on a tree to sharpen its claws	a dog coming when it hears a bell	a horse trotting its way back to the barn	B
1,495	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_15	What do all animals need in order to survive?	rocks, water, and soil	water, air, and food	air, rocks, and sunlight	food, soil, and sunlight	B
1,496	Mercury_7109025	Estella spilled tomato sauce on her shirt. When she washed her shirt, she noticed that the detergent she used contained enzymes. Enzymes are added to detergents to break down proteins from food and other substances that may stain clothing. Which would most likely inhibit the ability of the enzymes to remove the stain on her shirt?	the amount of dissolved minerals in the water	the type of fibers from which her shirt was made	the temperature of the water	the fragrances in the detergent	C
1,497	CSZ30661	Which of the following best describes an atom?	protons and electrons grouped together in a random pattern	protons and electrons grouped together in an alternating pattern	a core of protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons	a core of electrons and neutrons surrounded by protons	C
1,498	MCAS_2004_9_12	At a weightlifting competition, two competitors lifted the same weight to the same height. The second competitor accomplished the lift 2 seconds faster than the first competitor. This demonstrated that the second competitor had more	energy than the first.	inertia than the first.	power than the first.	work than the first.	C
1,499	Mercury_7197943	The fur color of a bear varies with its environment. Polar bears found in the Arctic have white fur, while black bears found in Pennsylvania have dark fur. Which best describes the variation of fur color amongst the bear species?	modified characteristic	ecological succession	structural adaptation	selective breeding	C
1,500	Mercury_SC_406058	A car has a small gasoline engine combined with a battery-powered electric motor. When the car stops at a red light, the gasoline engine stops running and the electric motor begins working. How does this type of car most likely benefit people?	reduces traffic	uses less gasoline	accelerates faster	carries more passengers	B
1,501	Mercury_7215215	Increased populations can lead to the depletion of locally available resources. Compared to other communities, which of these locally available resources is most likely to be depleted in desert communities?	mineral	oxygen	gasoline	water	D
1,502	Mercury_7222478	Where is the first place a scientist should present new research data about the structure of a galaxy in order to receive the most appropriate review of the research?	a high school science classroom	a university science blog	a peer-reviewed science journal	a popular science news magazine	C
1,503	AKDE&ED_2012_4_10	Which action most likely causes large rocks to become smaller pieces of rock?	melting inside of Earth	weathering by wind and water	cementing by mud and minerals	being pressed between layers of soil	B
1,504	Mercury_SC_408562	European starlings are birds that take over the nests of other birds. When they move into an area, starlings reproduce quickly. Taking over the nests of other birds most likely increases the number of starlings by helping them to do what?	attract a better mate	compete for resources	migrate during the winter	blend in with the environment	B
1,505	MCAS_2008_5_5635	Many bacteria are decomposer organisms. Which of the following statements best describes how these bacteria help make soil more fertile?	The bacteria break down water into food.	The bacteria change sunlight into minerals.	The bacteria combine with sand to form rocks.	The bacteria break down plant and animal matter.	D
1,506	Mercury_7014473	In Rutherford's experiment, what caused some high-energy particles to bounce off the metal, while most pass straight through?	light waves	magnetic waves	positive charges	negative charges	C
1,507	Mercury_SC_405337	Jenny's class made an instrument to measure air pressure. The instrument is a	thermometer.	rain gauge.	barometer.	wind vane.	C
1,508	Mercury_7057628	Condensation in the water cycle can best be described as the result of water vapor	rising into the atmosphere, cooling and changing into a liquid form.	rising into the atmosphere, warming and changing into a gaseous form.	changing from a liquid form into a solid and forming snow.	changing from a gas form into a solid and forming hail.	A
1,509	MCAS_2008_8_5706	New carpet is being measured for a room that is 5.5 m by 4.6 m. On a measuring tape, what is the smallest unit that is necessary to measure the room accurately for the carpet?	millimeters	centimeters	meters	kilometers	B
1,510	Mercury_7107205	How does an ecosystem benefit when leaves fall from a tree and decompose on the soil?	Nutrients are released into the soil.	Soil erosion decreases.	Carbon dioxide is absorbed by the soil.	Soil temperature decreases.	A
1,511	CSZ10292	Which of the following gases do plants use in photosynthesis?	hydrogen	oxygen	carbon dioxide	carbon monoxide	C
1,512	Mercury_7026583	During an ice age, enormous ice sheets called glaciers increase in size on Earth's surface, resulting in decreased ocean depths. Due to global cooling, the water cycle is disrupted between which two stages to cause an increase in glacier size?	runoff and evaporation	transpiration and precipitation	precipitation and runoff	transpiration and evaporation	C
1,513	Mercury_7194285	Different units of measurement are more useful in some settings than in others. Which unit of measurement is most used when comparing distances within the solar system?	the mile	the kilometer	the light year	the astronomical unit	D
1,514	Mercury_7086818	The formation of diamonds requires tremendous pressure that is generated	in deep ocean trenches.	high in the mountains.	in dry environments.	deep below the crust.	D
1,515	Mercury_SC_402269	What characteristic helps a rabbit survive in a winter environment?	size	strength	long ears	camouflage	D
1,516	Mercury_SC_400345	A science class is taking a field trip to a forest to observe and study birds. Which tool would be most helpful for observing birds?	beakers	binoculars	safety goggles	microscopes	B
1,517	MCAS_2000_4_22	An example of an instinct is	laughing at something funny.	dogs doing tricks when told.	doing your homework at the same time each day.	salmon returning to their birthplace to lay their eggs.	D
1,518	Mercury_7221690	During which change of state do the particles of a substance move from being tightly packed together to having more freedom of movement?	a solid becoming a liquid	a gas becoming a solid	a gas becoming a liquid	a liquid becoming a solid	A
1,519	Mercury_7094990	When astronauts walked on the Moon, they used weighted boots to help them walk due to the lower gravitational pull. What difference between Earth and the Moon accounts for the difference in gravity?	density	diameter	mass	volume	C
1,520	Mercury_7211120	A population of wood mice lives in a cool, moist temperate forest. Several years of hot, dry weather have affected the plants in the area. Which mice in the population are most likely to survive this change and pass their genes on to their offspring?	those with the warmest coats and best camouflage	the largest and strongest mice in the population	those with traits most adapted to the new environment	the youngest and fastest mice in the population	C
1,521	MCAS_2003_8_16	Harmful ultraviolet rays from the Sun are primarily absorbed by	dust.	ozone.	land masses.	water vapor.	B
1,522	Mercury_SC_400535	Which of these is most likely caused by the action of water, wind, and animals?	mountains	erosion	earthquakes	volcanic eruptions	B
1,523	Mercury_7057698	The core of Earth is divided into two layers. The outer core is made of	basaltic rocks.	silicate rocks.	solid iron and nickel.	molten iron and nickel.	D
1,524	MSA_2015_5_38	Offshore oil platforms affect ocean habitats. An ocean environment is most likely damaged by an offshore oil platform because	leaking oil from the oil platform might pollute the water	fishing from the oil platform might reduce the fish population	drilling in the ocean floor might reduce the water temperature	changing the ocean floor might increase the number of hurricanes	A
1,525	Mercury_7077473	An object such as a hammer weighs less on the Moon than on Earth. This is because the Moon has a	thinner atmosphere than Earth.	smaller diameter than Earth.	stronger magnetic field than Earth.	lower mass than Earth.	D
1,526	Mercury_SC_401647	A scientist plans a project to determine the effect of rain on the formation of caves. An area of rock has been chosen as the site for the investigation. How often should the scientist measure the changes in the rock?	every day	every week	every month	every year	D
1,527	Mercury_7085523	Which type of rock is formed from limestone that has been compacted, heated, and recrystallized?	siltstone	sandstone	marble	shale	C
1,528	Mercury_7158953	Isabel goes jogging for two miles on a sunny afternoon. At the end of her run, she is warmer. As Isabel jogs, which function does the skin perform to help stabilize her body temperature?	Her skin exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide.	Her skin produces red blood cells.	Her skin releases hormones.	Her skin discharges water.	D
1,529	Mercury_SC_416460	Which cell can survive without the help of other cells?	leaf cell	yeast cell	onion cell	muscle cell	B
1,530	TAKS_2009_8_23	Two students make hot chocolate. One student pours the hot chocolate into a foam cup. The other student pours the hot chocolate into a metal cup. The metal cup becomes too hot to touch, but the foam cup can be held comfortably. The best explanation for this difference in temperature is that the foam cup-- A heats up much faster than the metal cup	has a higher specific heat than the metal cup	is a better conductor of heat than the metal cup	has a specific heat that is similar to that of the metal cup	null	B
1,531	Mercury_SC_408890	Frogs and salamanders compete with each other for insects. Both frogs and salamanders catch flying insects with their tongues. Which feature would most likely help both animals compete for flying insects?	sticky tongues	bright tongues	thick tongues	short tongues	A
1,532	Mercury_406803	Which interaction benefits both organisms?	a flea living on a dog	a bee pollinating a flower	a tapeworm living inside an animal	a mosquito biting a person	B
1,533	Mercury_7214323	Which type of rock is formed when limestone is subjected to heat and pressure?	sandstone	basalt	marble	granite	C
1,534	FCAT_2008_5_5	Jenny measures the outside temperature as 16 degrees Celsius (°C), 61 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). She observes precipitation falling from the clouds in a solid form. What type of precipitation is Jenny most likely observing?	hail	rain	sleet	snow	A
1,535	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_8_13	A change in the environment that causes a response is known as a	stimulus	habit	reflex	source	A
1,536	Mercury_7212118	Aluminum is an element. Which of the following best describes the smallest particle of aluminum that retains all the properties of aluminum?	a molecule	an atom	a proton	an electron	B
1,537	Mercury_176943	What advantage do sea stars gain from having radial symmetry?	They reproduce at a faster rate.	They digest food more efficiently.	They move quickly along the ground.	They sense predators and potential food from all directions.	D
1,538	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_21	A student has a ball of clay that sinks when placed in a pan of water. Which property should he change to make the clay float?	color	texture	mass	shape	D
1,539	MCAS_2005_8_26	The population of which of the following 26 organisms would most likely decline if small animals like rats, rabbits, and snakes were eliminated from an ecosystem?	earthworms	grasses	hawks	mushrooms	C
1,540	AKDE&ED_2012_8_39	During a lab investigation, students were asked to determine the best way to clean up an oil spill using different materials. Investigation Materials • filter paper • foam sponge • metal wire screen • thin sock filled with hair The students tested the materials by placing each material into separate buckets containing oil and water. They recorded their observations on which material absorbed the most oil. Why would the students' teacher ask them to repeat their tests?	to determine if water and oil can be separated	to learn more about how to protect wildlife during an oil spill	to improve the chances of obtaining accurate oil cleanup results	to increase the total amount of oil removed from each container	C
1,541	Mercury_SC_402635	A delta can be seen from the air at the mouth of the Mississippi River. This delta was formed by	erosion.	weathering.	conservation of soil.	deposition of sediment.	D
1,542	Mercury_7021228	The nose, mouth, and diaphragm are parts of which body system?	digestive	muscular	circulatory	respiratory	D
1,543	AKDE&ED_2008_4_1	Students are studying some leaves. They group the leaves by shape. Which science process are the students using when they put the leaves in different groups?	classifying	predicting	measuring	experimenting	A
1,544	Mercury_7216825	The thin, semi-permeable membrane that encloses a cell allows nutrients to enter and wastes to be	digested.	recycled.	protected.	excreted.	D
1,545	TIMSS_2003_8_pg34	A small, fast-moving river in is in a V-shaped valley on the slope of a mountain. If you follow the river to where it passes through a plain, what will the river most likely look like compared with how it looked on the mountain?	Much the same	Deeper and faster	Slower and wider	Straighter	C
1,546	Mercury_7235743	The atmosphere of Mars is almost entirely composed of a greenhouse gas. Compared with Earth, which factor accounts for the low, nighttime surface temperatures on Mars?	Mars is much farther from the Sun than Earth.	The atmosphere on Mars has an extremely low density.	The atmosphere on Mars lacks global circulation.	Mars has more glacial activity than Earth.	B
1,547	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_5	Asexually produced offspring are genetically	identical to the parent	different from the parent	different from each other	formed by two parents	A
1,548	Mercury_7161000	A teacher asks her students to examine titles of four scientific articles. Which titled article is specifically about a chemical change?	How Baking Soda Reacts With Vinegar	How Rust Can Be Scraped off of Metal	How Metals Respond to Electrical Currents	How Elements Can Change Phase When Heated	A
1,549	Mercury_7199098	Nuclear fusion is the source of energy for stars. Besides hydrogen, which other element is most likely also common in stars?	helium	nitrogen	oxygen	uranium	A
1,550	Mercury_7187233	Plants in a forest need to obtain nutrients from the soil to survive. How do most of the nutrients get back in the soil once the forest plants have used them for growth?	Organic matter recycles from dead organisms.	Commercial fertilizers are applied by humans.	Solar radiation reaches the ground surface.	Rainwater drips off of living organisms.	A
1,551	Mercury_416583	Conjugation in a paramecium differs from sexual reproduction in volvox because conjugation	results in two genetically identical cells.	requires specialized gonidia cells.	forms haploid male and female gametes.	takes place between specialized cells.	A
1,552	Mercury_175175	Which of the following helps to produce urine in humans and other mammals?	bladder	urethra	kidneys	ureter	C
1,553	Mercury_7081183	A scientist looks at a graph that shows the percentages of humus, clay, and sand that make up a soil. If the scientist had the total weight of each material, instead of percentages, what type of graph would be best to illustrate the data?	bar graph	scatterplot	circle graph	pictograph	A
1,554	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_4_7	Which unit of measurement describes an object's length?	meter	kilogram	liter	degree	A
1,555	Mercury_405466	Which organ is part of the respiratory system?	stomach	lungs	spinal cord	large intestines	B
1,556	Mercury_7172410	The iron in iron-rich red soils may not be in a form that can be taken up by tree roots. As a result, leaves and needles may look yellow. Some trees release acids that convert iron in soil to a usable form. This change in soil chemistry is a type of which process?	deposition	weathering	precipitation	photosynthesis	B
1,557	Mercury_7018165	The action that results when waves made in a pond strike the edges and bounce back is known as	amplitude.	frequency.	vibration.	reflection.	D
1,558	NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_3	Sleet and hail are forms of	clouds	energy	evaporation	precipitation	D
1,559	Mercury_177853	Astronomers have determined the surface temperature of stars by studying their colors. What color emission represents stars with the hottest temperatures?	blue	red	white	yellow	A
1,560	MCAS_1999_8_30	Because sulfur cannot be decomposed by simple chemical methods into two or more different substances, it is classified as	an element.	a compound.	a mixture.	a molecule.	A
1,561	Mercury_SC_407435	The students watch ocean waves crash on a beach. Which statement describes what will most likely happen because of the waves?	Grass on the beach will grow longer.	Sand from the beach will wash away.	Salt from the ocean will be left on the beach.	Currents in the ocean will become stronger.	B
1,562	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_26	When plants and animals die, which organisms help return nutrients to the food chain?	decomposers	predators	prey	producers	A
1,563	Mercury_SC_401664	Which object used in an experiment can safely be recycled?	an aluminum can	a wet paper towel	salt spilled onto a tabletop	a broken graduated cylinder	A
1,564	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_32	Evidence that living things have evolved over hundreds of millions of years can be found in	particles in the air	rocks containing fossils	tree rings from recently logged trees	chemicals in human hair	B
1,565	Mercury_415683	What causes the blue color of the sky?	emission of light by land and water surfaces	reflection of light from land and water surfaces	absorption of light by matter in the atmosphere	scattering of light by matter in the atmosphere	D
1,566	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_8_15	As the population of small fish in a lake decreases, the population of large fish that depend on the small fish for food will	reproduce faster	begin to produce their own food	decrease in number	increase in number	C
1,567	Mercury_7183435	Living organisms require energy for biological processes. Chemical energy in a plant cell is	produced in vacuoles.	converted from solar energy.	developed by centrioles.	stored as kinetic energy.	B
1,568	Mercury_SC_401154	Pollen is necessary for a flowering plant to	grow.	blossom.	germinate.	reproduce.	D
1,569	Mercury_7217928	Which gas makes up the greatest percentage of Earth's atmosphere?	argon	nitrogen	nitrous oxide	carbon dioxide	B
1,570	Mercury_7044310	Which is the best explanation of the term ecology?	the study of the nonliving parts of the environment	the study of the living parts of the environment	the study of the protection and renewal of natural resources	the study of organisms and their interactions with the environment	D
1,571	Mercury_7026303	A student leaves a rock in the Sun on a bright afternoon. An hour after sunset, the weather is cool, but the rock still feels warm. The student has demonstrated a property of the rock resulting directly from which of the rock's other properties?	its reactivity	its magnetism	its specific heat	its chemical energy	C
1,572	Mercury_402058	Which characteristic is not an inherited trait?	size	eye color	skin color	personality	D
1,573	TIMSS_2003_8_pg97	Eating leafy vegetables is important for human health. This is because leafy vegetables are a good source of which of the following?	protein	carbohydrates	minerals	fat	C
1,574	Mercury_180303	What is necessary to use on a telescope in order to photograph solar flares and solar prominences?	a light filter	a chronograph	an electric drive	a series of mirrors	A
1,575	Mercury_7218645	Near Earth's equator, water generally exists naturally in the liquid and gas states. In which other part of Earth is water usually found naturally in only two states?	Indian Ocean	interior of Africa	South Pole	Tropic of Cancer	C
1,576	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_22	A cat jumps when startled by a loud noise. This is an example of an organism	sensing and responding to its external environment	sensing and responding to its internal environment	changing and controlling its external environment	changing and controlling its internal environment	A
1,577	Mercury_SC_LBS10605	Which of the following materials would best slow the transfer of heat?	aluminum	copper	glass	wood	D
1,578	NCEOGA_2013_5_22	What can cause a moving object to increase its speed in a forward direction?	a force pushing on the object from the opposite direction	a force that continually acts on the object in the direction the object is moving	an increase in the mass of the object	a decrease in the mass of the object	B
1,579	NCEOGA_2013_8_27	In which oceanic zone do clams and crabs survive by burrowing in the sand?	oceanic	intertidal	deep ocean	open ocean	B
1,580	MCAS_1998_8_21	A manufacturing industry has asked to relocate its plant to your town. From an environmental perspective, which question is least important to ask before deciding whether the industry may move to your town?	How will the plant affect wildlife of the area?	What kinds of pollution will the plant produce?	What impact will the plant have on the population of the town?	What are the uses of the products that the plant will manufacture?	D

1,481

MCAS_2015_5_13

Which of the following is the main role of flowers found on most flowering plants?

to take in air

to produce seeds

to absorb nutrients

to protect the stem

B

1,482

ACTAAP_2007_7_6

Which adaptation will warn predators not to eat an animal?

bright colors

bulging eyes

geometric shapes

poisonous secretions

A

1,483

Mercury_7115343

The cones of a jack pine tree require great amounts of heat to release their seeds. When are jack pine tree seeds most likely released?

during a flood

after a fire

during a drought

after a disease

B

1,484

Mercury_SC_LBS10764

When a thin slice from an onion is viewed through a microscope, lots of little box-like shapes are seen. These shapes are most likely

atoms.

dust.

cells.

bubbles.

C

1,485

Mercury_7038710

Which is an example of substances reacting chemically?

iron and oxygen forming rust

paper being cut into small pieces

chocolate melting in a pan

flour and sugar mixed together in a bowl

A

1,486

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_8

An object's hardness, taste, and texture are examples of

principles

stages

properties

processes

C

1,487

MDSA_2011_4_33

Some objects conduct electricity. Which object is the best conductor of electricity?

a metal fork

a wood spoon

a plastic comb

a rubber eraser

A

1,488

Mercury_182210

Which of the following eras is known as the "Age of Mammals"?

Precambrian

Paleozoic

Mesozoic

Cenozoic

D

1,489

AKDE&ED_2008_4_27

In Alaska, there are fewer hours of daylight in the winter than in the summer. Which statement best explains why this difference occurs?

The Sun burns hotter in the summer.

The Sun moves below the horizon in the summer.

The Northern Hemisphere is closer to the Sun in the winter.

The Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun in the winter.

D

1,490

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_30

Most of Earth's major earthquakes are caused by

seasonal heating and cooling of Earth's surface

weathering of rock at Earth's surface

Earth's gravitational attraction to the Moon

faulting of rock in Earth's crust

D

1,491

Mercury_177083

A girl with long hair is going to be participating in an experiment that uses an alcohol burner for an energy source. What is the best thing for her to do to prepare for this experiment?

leave her large jacket in her locker for the day

use goggles during the experiment

tie her hair back away from her face

wear a lab apron during the experiment

C

1,492

Mercury_7107223

Which factor would have the greatest influence on the southern migration of animals living in the Northern Hemisphere?

strong storms

long periods of drought

cold air temperatures

increasing daylight hours

C

1,493

Mercury_405768

What carries oxygen throughout the body?

white blood cells

brain

red blood cells

nerves

C

1,494

Mercury_SC_401301

Which is the best example of an inherited behavior?

a bear knowing the best place to catch salmon

a cat clawing on a tree to sharpen its claws

a dog coming when it hears a bell

a horse trotting its way back to the barn

B

1,495

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_15

What do all animals need in order to survive?

rocks, water, and soil

water, air, and food

air, rocks, and sunlight

food, soil, and sunlight

B

1,496

Mercury_7109025

Estella spilled tomato sauce on her shirt. When she washed her shirt, she noticed that the detergent she used contained enzymes. Enzymes are added to detergents to break down proteins from food and other substances that may stain clothing. Which would most likely inhibit the ability of the enzymes to remove the stain on her shirt?

the amount of dissolved minerals in the water

the type of fibers from which her shirt was made

the temperature of the water

the fragrances in the detergent

C

1,497

CSZ30661

Which of the following best describes an atom?

protons and electrons grouped together in a random pattern

protons and electrons grouped together in an alternating pattern

a core of protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons

a core of electrons and neutrons surrounded by protons

C

1,498

MCAS_2004_9_12

At a weightlifting competition, two competitors lifted the same weight to the same height. The second competitor accomplished the lift 2 seconds faster than the first competitor. This demonstrated that the second competitor had more

energy than the first.

inertia than the first.

power than the first.

work than the first.

C

1,499

Mercury_7197943

The fur color of a bear varies with its environment. Polar bears found in the Arctic have white fur, while black bears found in Pennsylvania have dark fur. Which best describes the variation of fur color amongst the bear species?

modified characteristic

ecological succession

structural adaptation

selective breeding

C

1,500

Mercury_SC_406058

A car has a small gasoline engine combined with a battery-powered electric motor. When the car stops at a red light, the gasoline engine stops running and the electric motor begins working. How does this type of car most likely benefit people?

reduces traffic

uses less gasoline

accelerates faster

carries more passengers

B

1,501

Mercury_7215215

Increased populations can lead to the depletion of locally available resources. Compared to other communities, which of these locally available resources is most likely to be depleted in desert communities?

mineral

oxygen

gasoline

water

D

1,502

Mercury_7222478

Where is the first place a scientist should present new research data about the structure of a galaxy in order to receive the most appropriate review of the research?

a high school science classroom

a university science blog

a peer-reviewed science journal

a popular science news magazine

C

1,503

AKDE&ED_2012_4_10

Which action most likely causes large rocks to become smaller pieces of rock?

melting inside of Earth

weathering by wind and water

cementing by mud and minerals

being pressed between layers of soil

B

1,504

Mercury_SC_408562

European starlings are birds that take over the nests of other birds. When they move into an area, starlings reproduce quickly. Taking over the nests of other birds most likely increases the number of starlings by helping them to do what?

attract a better mate

compete for resources

migrate during the winter

blend in with the environment

B

1,505

MCAS_2008_5_5635

Many bacteria are decomposer organisms. Which of the following statements best describes how these bacteria help make soil more fertile?

The bacteria break down water into food.

The bacteria change sunlight into minerals.

The bacteria combine with sand to form rocks.

The bacteria break down plant and animal matter.

D

1,506

Mercury_7014473

In Rutherford's experiment, what caused some high-energy particles to bounce off the metal, while most pass straight through?

light waves

magnetic waves

positive charges

negative charges

C

1,507

Mercury_SC_405337

Jenny's class made an instrument to measure air pressure. The instrument is a

thermometer.

rain gauge.

barometer.

wind vane.

C

1,508

Mercury_7057628

Condensation in the water cycle can best be described as the result of water vapor

rising into the atmosphere, cooling and changing into a liquid form.

rising into the atmosphere, warming and changing into a gaseous form.

changing from a liquid form into a solid and forming snow.

changing from a gas form into a solid and forming hail.

A

1,509

MCAS_2008_8_5706

New carpet is being measured for a room that is 5.5 m by 4.6 m. On a measuring tape, what is the smallest unit that is necessary to measure the room accurately for the carpet?

millimeters

centimeters

meters

kilometers

B

1,510

Mercury_7107205

How does an ecosystem benefit when leaves fall from a tree and decompose on the soil?

Nutrients are released into the soil.

Soil erosion decreases.

Carbon dioxide is absorbed by the soil.

Soil temperature decreases.

A

1,511

CSZ10292

Which of the following gases do plants use in photosynthesis?

hydrogen

oxygen

carbon dioxide

carbon monoxide

C

1,512

Mercury_7026583

During an ice age, enormous ice sheets called glaciers increase in size on Earth's surface, resulting in decreased ocean depths. Due to global cooling, the water cycle is disrupted between which two stages to cause an increase in glacier size?

runoff and evaporation

transpiration and precipitation

precipitation and runoff

transpiration and evaporation

C

1,513

Mercury_7194285

Different units of measurement are more useful in some settings than in others. Which unit of measurement is most used when comparing distances within the solar system?

the mile

the kilometer

the light year

the astronomical unit

D

1,514

Mercury_7086818

The formation of diamonds requires tremendous pressure that is generated

in deep ocean trenches.

high in the mountains.

in dry environments.

deep below the crust.

D

1,515

Mercury_SC_402269

What characteristic helps a rabbit survive in a winter environment?

size

strength

long ears

camouflage

D

1,516

Mercury_SC_400345

A science class is taking a field trip to a forest to observe and study birds. Which tool would be most helpful for observing birds?

beakers

binoculars

safety goggles

microscopes

B

1,517

MCAS_2000_4_22

An example of an instinct is

laughing at something funny.

dogs doing tricks when told.

doing your homework at the same time each day.

salmon returning to their birthplace to lay their eggs.

D

1,518

Mercury_7221690

During which change of state do the particles of a substance move from being tightly packed together to having more freedom of movement?

a solid becoming a liquid

a gas becoming a solid

a gas becoming a liquid

a liquid becoming a solid

A

1,519

Mercury_7094990

When astronauts walked on the Moon, they used weighted boots to help them walk due to the lower gravitational pull. What difference between Earth and the Moon accounts for the difference in gravity?

density

diameter

mass

volume

C

1,520

Mercury_7211120

A population of wood mice lives in a cool, moist temperate forest. Several years of hot, dry weather have affected the plants in the area. Which mice in the population are most likely to survive this change and pass their genes on to their offspring?

those with the warmest coats and best camouflage

the largest and strongest mice in the population

those with traits most adapted to the new environment

the youngest and fastest mice in the population

C

1,521

MCAS_2003_8_16

Harmful ultraviolet rays from the Sun are primarily absorbed by

dust.

ozone.

land masses.

water vapor.

B

1,522

Mercury_SC_400535

Which of these is most likely caused by the action of water, wind, and animals?

mountains

erosion

earthquakes

volcanic eruptions

B

1,523

Mercury_7057698

The core of Earth is divided into two layers. The outer core is made of

basaltic rocks.

silicate rocks.

solid iron and nickel.

molten iron and nickel.

D

1,524

MSA_2015_5_38

Offshore oil platforms affect ocean habitats. An ocean environment is most likely damaged by an offshore oil platform because

leaking oil from the oil platform might pollute the water

fishing from the oil platform might reduce the fish population

drilling in the ocean floor might reduce the water temperature

changing the ocean floor might increase the number of hurricanes

A

1,525

Mercury_7077473

An object such as a hammer weighs less on the Moon than on Earth. This is because the Moon has a

thinner atmosphere than Earth.

smaller diameter than Earth.

stronger magnetic field than Earth.

lower mass than Earth.

D

1,526

Mercury_SC_401647

A scientist plans a project to determine the effect of rain on the formation of caves. An area of rock has been chosen as the site for the investigation. How often should the scientist measure the changes in the rock?

every day

every week

every month

every year

D

1,527

Mercury_7085523

Which type of rock is formed from limestone that has been compacted, heated, and recrystallized?

siltstone

sandstone

marble

shale

C

1,528

Mercury_7158953

Isabel goes jogging for two miles on a sunny afternoon. At the end of her run, she is warmer. As Isabel jogs, which function does the skin perform to help stabilize her body temperature?

Her skin exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Her skin produces red blood cells.

Her skin releases hormones.

Her skin discharges water.

D

1,529

Mercury_SC_416460

Which cell can survive without the help of other cells?

leaf cell

yeast cell

onion cell

muscle cell

B

1,530

TAKS_2009_8_23

Two students make hot chocolate. One student pours the hot chocolate into a foam cup. The other student pours the hot chocolate into a metal cup. The metal cup becomes too hot to touch, but the foam cup can be held comfortably. The best explanation for this difference in temperature is that the foam cup-- A heats up much faster than the metal cup

has a higher specific heat than the metal cup

is a better conductor of heat than the metal cup

has a specific heat that is similar to that of the metal cup

null

B

1,531

Mercury_SC_408890

Frogs and salamanders compete with each other for insects. Both frogs and salamanders catch flying insects with their tongues. Which feature would most likely help both animals compete for flying insects?

sticky tongues

bright tongues

thick tongues

short tongues

A

1,532

Mercury_406803

Which interaction benefits both organisms?

a flea living on a dog

a bee pollinating a flower

a tapeworm living inside an animal

a mosquito biting a person

B

1,533

Mercury_7214323

Which type of rock is formed when limestone is subjected to heat and pressure?

sandstone

basalt

marble

granite

C

1,534

FCAT_2008_5_5

Jenny measures the outside temperature as 16 degrees Celsius (°C), 61 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). She observes precipitation falling from the clouds in a solid form. What type of precipitation is Jenny most likely observing?

hail

rain

sleet

snow

A

1,535

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_8_13

A change in the environment that causes a response is known as a

stimulus

habit

reflex

source

A

1,536

Mercury_7212118

Aluminum is an element. Which of the following best describes the smallest particle of aluminum that retains all the properties of aluminum?

a molecule

an atom

a proton

an electron

B

1,537

Mercury_176943

What advantage do sea stars gain from having radial symmetry?

They reproduce at a faster rate.

They digest food more efficiently.

They move quickly along the ground.

They sense predators and potential food from all directions.

D

1,538

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_21

A student has a ball of clay that sinks when placed in a pan of water. Which property should he change to make the clay float?

color

texture

mass

shape

D

1,539

MCAS_2005_8_26

The population of which of the following 26 organisms would most likely decline if small animals like rats, rabbits, and snakes were eliminated from an ecosystem?

earthworms

grasses

hawks

mushrooms

C

1,540

AKDE&ED_2012_8_39

During a lab investigation, students were asked to determine the best way to clean up an oil spill using different materials. Investigation Materials • filter paper • foam sponge • metal wire screen • thin sock filled with hair The students tested the materials by placing each material into separate buckets containing oil and water. They recorded their observations on which material absorbed the most oil. Why would the students' teacher ask them to repeat their tests?

to determine if water and oil can be separated

to learn more about how to protect wildlife during an oil spill

to improve the chances of obtaining accurate oil cleanup results

to increase the total amount of oil removed from each container

C

1,541

Mercury_SC_402635

A delta can be seen from the air at the mouth of the Mississippi River. This delta was formed by

erosion.

weathering.

conservation of soil.

deposition of sediment.

D

1,542

Mercury_7021228

The nose, mouth, and diaphragm are parts of which body system?

digestive

muscular

circulatory

respiratory

D

1,543

AKDE&ED_2008_4_1

Students are studying some leaves. They group the leaves by shape. Which science process are the students using when they put the leaves in different groups?

classifying

predicting

measuring

experimenting

A

1,544

Mercury_7216825

The thin, semi-permeable membrane that encloses a cell allows nutrients to enter and wastes to be

digested.

recycled.

protected.

excreted.

D

1,545

TIMSS_2003_8_pg34

A small, fast-moving river in is in a V-shaped valley on the slope of a mountain. If you follow the river to where it passes through a plain, what will the river most likely look like compared with how it looked on the mountain?

Much the same

Deeper and faster

Slower and wider

Straighter

C

1,546

Mercury_7235743

The atmosphere of Mars is almost entirely composed of a greenhouse gas. Compared with Earth, which factor accounts for the low, nighttime surface temperatures on Mars?

Mars is much farther from the Sun than Earth.

The atmosphere on Mars has an extremely low density.

The atmosphere on Mars lacks global circulation.

Mars has more glacial activity than Earth.

B

1,547

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_5

Asexually produced offspring are genetically

identical to the parent

different from the parent

different from each other

formed by two parents

A

1,548

Mercury_7161000

A teacher asks her students to examine titles of four scientific articles. Which titled article is specifically about a chemical change?

How Baking Soda Reacts With Vinegar

How Rust Can Be Scraped off of Metal

How Metals Respond to Electrical Currents

How Elements Can Change Phase When Heated

A

1,549

Mercury_7199098

Nuclear fusion is the source of energy for stars. Besides hydrogen, which other element is most likely also common in stars?

helium

nitrogen

oxygen

uranium

A

1,550

Mercury_7187233

Plants in a forest need to obtain nutrients from the soil to survive. How do most of the nutrients get back in the soil once the forest plants have used them for growth?

Organic matter recycles from dead organisms.

Commercial fertilizers are applied by humans.

Solar radiation reaches the ground surface.

Rainwater drips off of living organisms.

A

1,551

Mercury_416583

Conjugation in a paramecium differs from sexual reproduction in volvox because conjugation

results in two genetically identical cells.

requires specialized gonidia cells.

forms haploid male and female gametes.

takes place between specialized cells.

A

1,552

Mercury_175175

Which of the following helps to produce urine in humans and other mammals?

bladder

urethra

kidneys

ureter

C

1,553

Mercury_7081183

A scientist looks at a graph that shows the percentages of humus, clay, and sand that make up a soil. If the scientist had the total weight of each material, instead of percentages, what type of graph would be best to illustrate the data?

bar graph

scatterplot

circle graph

pictograph

A

1,554

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_4_7

Which unit of measurement describes an object's length?

meter

kilogram

liter

degree

A

1,555

Mercury_405466

Which organ is part of the respiratory system?

stomach

lungs

spinal cord

large intestines

B

1,556

Mercury_7172410

The iron in iron-rich red soils may not be in a form that can be taken up by tree roots. As a result, leaves and needles may look yellow. Some trees release acids that convert iron in soil to a usable form. This change in soil chemistry is a type of which process?

deposition

weathering

precipitation

photosynthesis

B

1,557

Mercury_7018165

The action that results when waves made in a pond strike the edges and bounce back is known as

amplitude.

frequency.

vibration.

reflection.

D

1,558

NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_3

Sleet and hail are forms of

clouds

energy

evaporation

precipitation

D

1,559

Mercury_177853

Astronomers have determined the surface temperature of stars by studying their colors. What color emission represents stars with the hottest temperatures?

blue

red

white

yellow

A

1,560

MCAS_1999_8_30

Because sulfur cannot be decomposed by simple chemical methods into two or more different substances, it is classified as

an element.

a compound.

a mixture.

a molecule.

A

1,561

Mercury_SC_407435

The students watch ocean waves crash on a beach. Which statement describes what will most likely happen because of the waves?

Grass on the beach will grow longer.

Sand from the beach will wash away.

Salt from the ocean will be left on the beach.

Currents in the ocean will become stronger.

B

1,562

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_26

When plants and animals die, which organisms help return nutrients to the food chain?

decomposers

predators

prey

producers

A

1,563

Mercury_SC_401664

Which object used in an experiment can safely be recycled?

an aluminum can

a wet paper towel

salt spilled onto a tabletop

a broken graduated cylinder

A

1,564

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_32

Evidence that living things have evolved over hundreds of millions of years can be found in

particles in the air

rocks containing fossils

tree rings from recently logged trees

chemicals in human hair

B

1,565

Mercury_415683

What causes the blue color of the sky?

emission of light by land and water surfaces

reflection of light from land and water surfaces

absorption of light by matter in the atmosphere

scattering of light by matter in the atmosphere

D

1,566

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_8_15

As the population of small fish in a lake decreases, the population of large fish that depend on the small fish for food will

reproduce faster

begin to produce their own food

decrease in number

increase in number

C

1,567

Mercury_7183435

Living organisms require energy for biological processes. Chemical energy in a plant cell is

produced in vacuoles.

converted from solar energy.

developed by centrioles.

stored as kinetic energy.

B

1,568

Mercury_SC_401154

Pollen is necessary for a flowering plant to

grow.

blossom.

germinate.

reproduce.

D

1,569

Mercury_7217928

Which gas makes up the greatest percentage of Earth's atmosphere?

argon

nitrogen

nitrous oxide

carbon dioxide

B

1,570

Mercury_7044310

Which is the best explanation of the term ecology?

the study of the nonliving parts of the environment

the study of the living parts of the environment

the study of the protection and renewal of natural resources

the study of organisms and their interactions with the environment

D

1,571

Mercury_7026303

A student leaves a rock in the Sun on a bright afternoon. An hour after sunset, the weather is cool, but the rock still feels warm. The student has demonstrated a property of the rock resulting directly from which of the rock's other properties?

its reactivity

its magnetism

its specific heat

its chemical energy

C

1,572

Mercury_402058

Which characteristic is not an inherited trait?

size

eye color

skin color

personality

D

1,573

TIMSS_2003_8_pg97

Eating leafy vegetables is important for human health. This is because leafy vegetables are a good source of which of the following?

protein

carbohydrates

minerals

fat

C

1,574

Mercury_180303

What is necessary to use on a telescope in order to photograph solar flares and solar prominences?

a light filter

a chronograph

an electric drive

a series of mirrors

A

1,575

Mercury_7218645

Near Earth's equator, water generally exists naturally in the liquid and gas states. In which other part of Earth is water usually found naturally in only two states?

Indian Ocean

interior of Africa

South Pole

Tropic of Cancer

C

1,576

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_22

A cat jumps when startled by a loud noise. This is an example of an organism

sensing and responding to its external environment

sensing and responding to its internal environment

changing and controlling its external environment

changing and controlling its internal environment

A

1,577

Mercury_SC_LBS10605

Which of the following materials would best slow the transfer of heat?

aluminum

copper

glass

wood

D

1,578

NCEOGA_2013_5_22

What can cause a moving object to increase its speed in a forward direction?

a force pushing on the object from the opposite direction

a force that continually acts on the object in the direction the object is moving

an increase in the mass of the object

a decrease in the mass of the object

B

1,579

NCEOGA_2013_8_27

In which oceanic zone do clams and crabs survive by burrowing in the sand?

oceanic

intertidal

deep ocean

open ocean

B

1,580

MCAS_1998_8_21

A manufacturing industry has asked to relocate its plant to your town. From an environmental perspective, which question is least important to ask before deciding whether the industry may move to your town?

How will the plant affect wildlife of the area?

What kinds of pollution will the plant produce?

What impact will the plant have on the population of the town?

What are the uses of the products that the plant will manufacture?

D