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it is well known that spontaneous emission
depends
spontaneous emission
it is well known that spontaneous emission depends on the radiative local density of states rldos
this study bridges the gap between the two approaches by showing that both are based on essentially the same
optimization
bilevel optimization
this study bridges the gap between the two approaches by showing that both are based on essentially the same optimization problem
we show that if the system is controllable then incorporating this as prior knowledge does not relax the conditions required for
data-driven
data-driven stabilization
we show that if the system is controllable then incorporating this as prior knowledge does not relax the conditions required for data-driven stabilization
slideagent hierarchical agentic framework for multi-page
visual
language agents
slideagent hierarchical agentic framework for multi-page visual document understanding
let v be a finite set of n elements f 2 v rightarrow mathbb r _ be a nonnegative
monotone
monotone submodular
let v be a finite set of n elements f 2 v rightarrow mathbb r _ be a nonnegative monotone supermodular function and k be a positive integer no greater than n
reality distortion room rdr is a proof-of-concept augmented
reality
augmented reality
reality distortion room rdr is a proof-of-concept augmented reality system using projection mapping and unencumbered interaction with the microsoft roomalive system to study a user s locomotive response to visual effects that seemingly transform the physical room the user is in
we consider structured data composed of label-dependent signals of varying difficulty and label-independent noise and analyze
gradient
gradient descent
we consider structured data composed of label-dependent signals of varying difficulty and label-independent noise and analyze gradient descent dynamics when the strong model is trained on data labeled by the pretrained weak model
moreover we show that a poly-logarithmic approximation ratio and hence an approximation ratio below the adaptivity gap can be achieved by a
randomized
randomized algorithm
moreover we show that a poly-logarithmic approximation ratio and hence an approximation ratio below the adaptivity gap can be achieved by a randomized algorithm with quasi-polynomial running time
1 textbf subproblem decomposition breaking down long-range tasks to assign process rewards thereby providing denser
learning
reasoning tasks
1 textbf subproblem decomposition breaking down long-range tasks to assign process rewards thereby providing denser learning signals
when a high level decision making agent generates a collision free path a robust low
level
trajectory tracking
when a high level decision making agent generates a collision free path a robust low level controller is required to precisely follow this trajectory
we use a structure serialization scheme to represent
structured
layout generation
we use a structure serialization scheme to represent structured layouts as sequences
these represent functional changes inside and outside the
support
synthetic data
these represent functional changes inside and outside the support of training data
we compare models that use only macro-level incidence models that add
mobility
traffic dynamics
we compare models that use only macro-level incidence models that add mobility network features and their interactions with macro incidence and autoregressive ar models that include town-level recent cases
the approach is evaluated across different network models
network
disease transmission
the approach is evaluated across different network models network sizes and fraction of observed infections
we find that the gaussian beams gouy phase not only plays a crucial role in the interaction but also enables straight-forward generation of valuable free-electron states including comb-shape spectra with similar amplitudes and
states
light-matter interactions
we find that the gaussian beams gouy phase not only plays a crucial role in the interaction but also enables straight-forward generation of valuable free-electron states including comb-shape spectra with similar amplitudes and states with high degree of coherence
extracting tabular data localizing visualization elements and recognizing various
attributes
feature extraction
extracting tabular data localizing visualization elements and recognizing various attributes from charts of diverse types and complexities
our approach delivers accurate and scalable demand forecasts providing valuable insights for energy system planners and policymakers as they navigate the challenges of the global
energy
electricity demand
our approach delivers accurate and scalable demand forecasts providing valuable insights for energy system planners and policymakers as they navigate the challenges of the global energy transition
we evaluate infoflow on multiple agentic search benchmarks where it significantly outperforms strong baselines enabling lightweight
llms
llm agents
we evaluate infoflow on multiple agentic search benchmarks where it significantly outperforms strong baselines enabling lightweight llms to achieve performance comparable to advanced proprietary llms
the estimator augments a regularized regression plug-in with weights computed from a convex optimization problem that approximately balances link-derivative-weighted covariates and controls variance it does not rely on estimated
propensity
propensity score
the estimator augments a regularized regression plug-in with weights computed from a convex optimization problem that approximately balances link-derivative-weighted covariates and controls variance it does not rely on estimated propensity scores
there has been a surge of recent interest in automatically
learning
policy optimization
there has been a surge of recent interest in automatically learning policies to target treatment decisions based on rich individual covariates
we analyze how the ground state entanglement between the spins
depends
ground state
we analyze how the ground state entanglement between the spins depends on the external fields
results demonstrate that icpo consistently enhances
reinforcement
reinforcement learning
results demonstrate that icpo consistently enhances reinforcement learning performance and training stability on mathematical reasoning benchmarks revealing a scalable and effective rlvr paradigm for lrms
under the potential outcomes framework recent research has studied time-series
experiments
randomized experiments
under the potential outcomes framework recent research has studied time-series experiments from the design-based perspective relying solely on the randomness in the design to drive the statistical inference
in this paper we introduce an evaluation model to assess the value of
travel
human mobility
in this paper we introduce an evaluation model to assess the value of travel information under different scenarios
to enhance the interaction between the global and local encoders a symmetric cross-attention module is proposed across all
layers
dual encoder
to enhance the interaction between the global and local encoders a symmetric cross-attention module is proposed across all layers of the encoders to fuse and refine features
consider the setting in which a researcher is interested in the
causal
causal effects
consider the setting in which a researcher is interested in the causal effect of a treatment z on a duration time t which is subject to right censoring
individual minima-informed multi-objective model predictive
control
predictive control
individual minima-informed multi-objective model predictive control for fixed point stabilization
we prove certain monotonicity properties of the optimal
policy
markov decision
we prove certain monotonicity properties of the optimal policy in the state space mathcal s and identify classes of unreachable states
finally we present mbench a hierarchical benchmark designed for fine-grained evaluation across
motion
optical flow
finally we present mbench a hierarchical benchmark designed for fine-grained evaluation across motion quality prompt fidelity and generalization ability
in this work we propose a strategy that exploits the principles of non-hermitian physics--specifically the concept of exceptional points eps --to transcend these limitations and pave the way for the next generation of versatile high-performance
photonic
quantum dot
in this work we propose a strategy that exploits the principles of non-hermitian physics--specifically the concept of exceptional points eps --to transcend these limitations and pave the way for the next generation of versatile high-performance photonic devices
traditional graph_theoretic metrics such as betweenness and
degree
complex networks
traditional graph_theoretic metrics such as betweenness and degree centrality offer insights into local network structure but often fail to capture global structural distortions resulting from link failures
we introduce the online two-stage submodular maximization o2ssm problem in which the
submodular
monotone submodular
we introduce the online two-stage submodular maximization o2ssm problem in which the submodular objectives are revealed in an online fashion
time division duplexing tdd has become the dominant duplexing mode in 5g and beyond due to its ability to exploit channel reciprocity for efficient downlink
channel
channel state information
time division duplexing tdd has become the dominant duplexing mode in 5g and beyond due to its ability to exploit channel reciprocity for efficient downlink channel state information csi acquisition
our results suggest that multi-agent debate when coupled with physics-grounded feedback is a promising new paradigm for automated
robot
multi-robot collaboration
our results suggest that multi-agent debate when coupled with physics-grounded feedback is a promising new paradigm for automated robot design
adaptive channel estimation and quantized feedback for ris assisted optical
wireless
wireless systems
adaptive channel estimation and quantized feedback for ris assisted optical wireless communication systems
to address these limitations we introduce roboos-next a unified memory-based framework for lifelong scalable and robust
multi-robot
mobile robots
to address these limitations we introduce roboos-next a unified memory-based framework for lifelong scalable and robust multi-robot collaboration
we demonstrate a fully integrable and reconfigurable platform for controlling
quantum
quantum technologies
we demonstrate a fully integrable and reconfigurable platform for controlling quantum emission by harnessing chiral bound states in the continuum bics as a higher-order non-hermitian singularity
to further enhance performance an adaptive active
ris
active ris
to further enhance performance an adaptive active ris configuration strategy is employed which refines the beam direction based on an initial user location estimate
a unified theory for causal inference direct debiased
machine
riesz regression
a unified theory for causal inference direct debiased machine learning via bregman-riesz regression
beyond one-way influence bidirectional opinion dynamics in
multi-turn
llm responses
beyond one-way influence bidirectional opinion dynamics in multi-turn human-llm interactions
defining the urban local with low dimensional manifolds of human
mobility
human mobility
defining the urban local with low dimensional manifolds of human mobility networks
while extensive progress has been made for one-dimensional
strings
compressed indexing
while extensive progress has been made for one-dimensional strings many real-world datasets such as images maps and adjacency matrices are inherently two-dimensional and highly compressible
results also show robust performance in ambiguous or cluttered scenes due to the synergistic
fusion
object detection
results also show robust performance in ambiguous or cluttered scenes due to the synergistic fusion of vision and language
under this alternative we construct identifying
bounds
policy optimization
under this alternative we construct identifying bounds on the distributional treatment effects of interest through a linear semi-infinite programming silp formulation
the ac optimal power flow ac-opf problem is central to
power
power systems
the ac optimal power flow ac-opf problem is central to power system operation but challenging to solve efficiently due to its nonconvex and nonlinear nature
we use boltzmann transport equation while taking into account the full energy momentum band dependence of all relevant electronic
scattering
transport properties
we use boltzmann transport equation while taking into account the full energy momentum band dependence of all relevant electronic scattering rates i
in ate estimation the bias-correction term h_0 x_i d_i frac 1 e_0 x_i - frac 1 1 - e_0 x_i plays an important role where e_0 x_i is the
propensity
bias-correction term
in ate estimation the bias-correction term h_0 x_i d_i frac 1 e_0 x_i - frac 1 1 - e_0 x_i plays an important role where e_0 x_i is the propensity score the probability of being assigned treatment 1
our work lays the foundation for this new direction by establishing upper and lower bounds on space
complexity
time complexity
our work lays the foundation for this new direction by establishing upper and lower bounds on space complexity of key variants of the problem
here in an online learning setup we characterize drift as a function of data distribution and specifically show that the learning noise induced by task-irrelevant stimuli which the agent learns to ignore in a given context can create long-term
drift
continual learning
here in an online learning setup we characterize drift as a function of data distribution and specifically show that the learning noise induced by task-irrelevant stimuli which the agent learns to ignore in a given context can create long-term drift in the representation of task-relevant stimuli
to tackle this challenge we propose braincognizer a novel brain decoding model inspired by human visual
cognition
cognitive neuroscience
to tackle this challenge we propose braincognizer a novel brain decoding model inspired by human visual cognition which explores multi-level semantics and correlations without fine-tuning of generative models
in this work we study an interaction between the author and a large
language
large language
in this work we study an interaction between the author and a large language model in proving a lemma from convex optimization
along with the natural language embeddings the representations are trained by an haoi manipulation language model to align the grasping process with its
language
vision-language-action vla
along with the natural language embeddings the representations are trained by an haoi manipulation language model to align the grasping process with its language description in a shared representation space
structural characterization using atomic force and scanning electron microscopy is complemented by fluorescence imaging and kelvin probe
force
atomic force
structural characterization using atomic force and scanning electron microscopy is complemented by fluorescence imaging and kelvin probe force microscopy confirming that aqueous solutions fill and remain stably retained within the nanochannels for periods exceeding 10 hours
communication remains a central bottleneck in large-scale
distributed
federated learning
communication remains a central bottleneck in large-scale distributed machine learning and gradient sparsification has emerged as a promising strategy to alleviate this challenge
the magnetic properties of van der waals materials are profoundly
influenced
der waals
the magnetic properties of van der waals materials are profoundly influenced by structural defects
quantum computation can be formulated through various models each highlighting distinct structural and resource-theoretic aspects of quantum
computational
computational power
quantum computation can be formulated through various models each highlighting distinct structural and resource-theoretic aspects of quantum computational power
these inferred thinking traces are applied to two complementary tasks 1 fine-tuning open llm raters and 2 synthesizing clearer annotation guidelines for proprietary
llm
llm responses
these inferred thinking traces are applied to two complementary tasks 1 fine-tuning open llm raters and 2 synthesizing clearer annotation guidelines for proprietary llm raters
we present amo-bench an advanced mathematical reasoning benchmark with olympiad level or even
higher
mathematical reasoning
we present amo-bench an advanced mathematical reasoning benchmark with olympiad level or even higher difficulty comprising 50 human-crafted problems
simulation results show that the drl-based solution converges within 2000 episodes and achieves up to 80 of the spectral
efficiency
spectral efficiency
simulation results show that the drl-based solution converges within 2000 episodes and achieves up to 80 of the spectral efficiency of a semidefinite relaxation sdr benchmark
we investigate the connection between accretion signatures and host galaxy properties in the context of how
active
dwarf galaxies
we investigate the connection between accretion signatures and host galaxy properties in the context of how active dwarf galaxies are identified
furthermore real-world experiments confirm that the
robot
mobile robots
furthermore real-world experiments confirm that the robot can safely pass through narrow passages while maintaining rapid planning performance
this progressive learning journey guides agents from mastering fundamental flight control to executing sophisticated cooperative multi-drone
racing
multi-drone racing
this progressive learning journey guides agents from mastering fundamental flight control to executing sophisticated cooperative multi-drone racing strategies
applied to 100-m and 1-km atom gradiometers representative of next-generation experiments the model shows that configurations maximizing pulse efficiency also amplify curvature-induced phase noise requiring micron-level control of the
atom
atom interferometry
applied to 100-m and 1-km atom gradiometers representative of next-generation experiments the model shows that configurations maximizing pulse efficiency also amplify curvature-induced phase noise requiring micron-level control of the atom cloud s centre-of-mass position and sub-micron-per-second control of its centre-...
additionally we connect for the first time the chromosome diagram to the two-stream age-metallicity relation allowing us to link the p1 and p2
stars
star formation
additionally we connect for the first time the chromosome diagram to the two-stream age-metallicity relation allowing us to link the p1 and p2 stars to the distinct star formation tracks proposed to be in-situ and ex-situ contributions to the cluster s assembly
finally simulation results demonstrate that the airy beam effectively mitigates blockage effects and the proposed scheme achieves comparable performance to exhaustive
beam
beam pattern
finally simulation results demonstrate that the airy beam effectively mitigates blockage effects and the proposed scheme achieves comparable performance to exhaustive beam sweeping while significantly reducing training overhead
this flexibility enables detailed studies of orbitaland pseudo
spin
hidden spin texture
this flexibility enables detailed studies of orbitaland pseudo spin characteristics in quantum materials
distributional linear quadratic regulator lqr is a new framework that integrates the distributional reinforcement learning and classical lqr which offers a
new
quadratic programming
distributional linear quadratic regulator lqr is a new framework that integrates the distributional reinforcement learning and classical lqr which offers a new way to study the random return instead of the expected cost
this paper proposes star sensing technology for activity recognition an edge-ai-optimized framework that integrates a lightweight neural architecture
adaptive
activity recognition
this paper proposes star sensing technology for activity recognition an edge-ai-optimized framework that integrates a lightweight neural architecture adaptive signal processing and hardware-aware co-optimization to enable real-time energy-efficient har on low-power embedded devices
we also review and discuss different methods for m_
bullet
massive galaxies
we also review and discuss different methods for m_ bullet inference in tdes and find that approaches based on physical models of the early-time uv optical emission are not able to recover at a statistically significant level black hole-host galaxy scalings
we study hierarchical triple systems formed by a compact binary orbiting a
supermassive
black hole mass
we study hierarchical triple systems formed by a compact binary orbiting a supermassive black hole smbh focusing on the role of relativistic magnetic tidal interactions
the ability to hole-dope this magnetic kagome metal provides a platform for tuning
properties
magnetic properties
the ability to hole-dope this magnetic kagome metal provides a platform for tuning properties such as anomalous hall and nernst responses
we demonstrate this using bimanual manipulators humanoids and multi-fingered hands in optimal
control
robotic manipulation
we demonstrate this using bimanual manipulators humanoids and multi-fingered hands in optimal control experiments for reaching desired geometric primitives and in teleoperation experiments using differential kinematics control
it uses ultra-sensitive optical detectors and specialised
modulation
optical communication
it uses ultra-sensitive optical detectors and specialised modulation formats to maximise the information recovered from spacecraft at lunar distances
using theory and simulations we demonstrate this phenomenon both in hebbian-based learning -- oja s rule and similarity matching -- and in stochastic gradient descent applied to autoencoders and a
supervised
deep learning
using theory and simulations we demonstrate this phenomenon both in hebbian-based learning -- oja s rule and similarity matching -- and in stochastic gradient descent applied to autoencoders and a supervised two-layer network
this alignment anchors the reasoning of a judge large language model llm in structured information and helps reduce the burden of regulatory interpretation and event parsing enabling a focus on the core
reasoning
reasoning curriculum
this alignment anchors the reasoning of a judge large language model llm in structured information and helps reduce the burden of regulatory interpretation and event parsing enabling a focus on the core reasoning step
transmission neural networks transnns proposed by gao and caines 2022 serve as both virus spread models over networks and
neural
neural network
transmission neural networks transnns proposed by gao and caines 2022 serve as both virus spread models over networks and neural network models with tuneable activation functions
5 cdot mathrm polylog frac w delta time algorithm for solving the generalized maximum flow and generalized minimum cost flow problems in this setting where delta is the target accuracy and
w
-time algorithm
5 cdot mathrm polylog frac w delta time algorithm for solving the generalized maximum flow and generalized minimum cost flow problems in this setting where delta is the target accuracy and w is the maximum of all costs capacities and loss factors and their inverses
empirically we demonstrate the efficacy of texttt learn-to-ask in a real-world medical
dataset
training data
empirically we demonstrate the efficacy of texttt learn-to-ask in a real-world medical dataset using llms of varying sizes up to 32b
the analysis also reveals that synthetic control with differencing is equivalent to difference-in-differences when the parallel trend
assumption
treatment effect
the analysis also reveals that synthetic control with differencing is equivalent to difference-in-differences when the parallel trend assumption holds for both the pre-treatment and post-treatment periods
these results highlight that explicitly modeling environmental structure is a robust generalizable strategy for advancing
llm
models llms
these results highlight that explicitly modeling environmental structure is a robust generalizable strategy for advancing llm agent training
artificial intelligence ai has demonstrated impressive progress in mathematical reasoning yet its integration into the practice of
mathematical
artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence ai has demonstrated impressive progress in mathematical reasoning yet its integration into the practice of mathematical research remains limited
our findings suggest that ultrafast spin transport or dipolar
interactions
phase transitions
our findings suggest that ultrafast spin transport or dipolar interactions or a combination of both may play essential roles in the switching process
in visuomotor policy learning diffusion-based imitation
learning
reinforcement learning
in visuomotor policy learning diffusion-based imitation learning has become widely adopted for its ability to capture diverse behaviors
our results have applications across diverse contexts from behavioural
ecology
ecological communities
our results have applications across diverse contexts from behavioural ecology to bio-inspired collective systems design
inside core-kg evaluating structured prompting and
coreference
coreference resolution
inside core-kg evaluating structured prompting and coreference resolution for knowledge graphs
i address the challenges of reconciling observations of extragalactic pn populations with
predictions
circumgalactic medium
i address the challenges of reconciling observations of extragalactic pn populations with predictions from stellar evolution models and how revised late-stellar-evolution models have alleviated some of the tensions between observations and theory
in contrast the latter two models involve nonparametric endogeneity and are naturally locally overidentified consequently some doubly robust orthogonal moment estimators of the
average
average treatment effect
in contrast the latter two models involve nonparametric endogeneity and are naturally locally overidentified consequently some doubly robust orthogonal moment estimators of the average treatment effect are inefficient
here we reconstruct an effective three-band electron-hole hamiltonian in
bulk
bulk gaas
here we reconstruct an effective three-band electron-hole hamiltonian in bulk gaas based on hsg
we investigate how the external medium surrounding prestellar
cores
circumgalactic medium
we investigate how the external medium surrounding prestellar cores affects the star formation process by conducting three-dimensional resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations
the output phase is ultimately read out as a
change
optical properties
the output phase is ultimately read out as a change in optical power
this paper presents cruise curriculum-based iterative self-play for scalable multi-drone racing a
reinforcement
control strategy
this paper presents cruise curriculum-based iterative self-play for scalable multi-drone racing a reinforcement learning framework designed to solve this challenge in the demanding domain of multi-drone racing
mobility data are now routinely used to improve such forecasts yet work diverges on whether the volume of mobility or the structure of
mobility
traffic dynamics
mobility data are now routinely used to improve such forecasts yet work diverges on whether the volume of mobility or the structure of mobility networks carries the most predictive signal
we define methods directly as sampling algorithms and do not use classical derivations as time-reversed
diffusion
diffusion models
we define methods directly as sampling algorithms and do not use classical derivations as time-reversed diffusion processes leading us to simple and transparent proofs
it groups low-level perceptual features into high-level object representations stores those objects efficiently and compositionally in memory and supports human
reasoning
neural representations
it groups low-level perceptual features into high-level object representations stores those objects efficiently and compositionally in memory and supports human reasoning about individual object instances
radiation-matter hybridization allows atoms to serve as mediators of effective interactions between
light
single photons
radiation-matter hybridization allows atoms to serve as mediators of effective interactions between light modes and conversely to interact among themselves via light
these findings corroborate that contrastive
representation
representation learning
these findings corroborate that contrastive representation learning benefits not from accurate mi estimation per se but from the learning of structured density ratios
by leveraging precomputed perception features scout avoids redundant computations and enables fast scalable scenario
coverage
scenario coverage
by leveraging precomputed perception features scout avoids redundant computations and enables fast scalable scenario coverage estimation
we consider populations evolving according to natural selection mutation and recombination and assume that the genomes of all or a representative
selection
evolutionary dynamics
we consider populations evolving according to natural selection mutation and recombination and assume that the genomes of all or a representative selection of individuals are known
finally simulation results demonstrate that the airy beam effectively mitigates blockage effects and the proposed scheme achieves comparable performance to exhaustive
beam
near-field beam
finally simulation results demonstrate that the airy beam effectively mitigates blockage effects and the proposed scheme achieves comparable performance to exhaustive beam sweeping while significantly reducing training overhead
a mathematical theory for understanding when abstract representations
emerge
neural networks
a mathematical theory for understanding when abstract representations emerge in neural networks