prompt stringlengths 41 511 | target stringlengths 1 25 | keyword stringclasses 697
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dinosaur photonic crystal cavity interfaces for color center | coupling | photonic devices | dinosaur photonic crystal cavity interfaces for color center coupling to triangular nanostructures |
lastly we apply inputdsa to neural data recorded from rats performing a | cognitive | cognitive neuroscience | lastly we apply inputdsa to neural data recorded from rats performing a cognitive task demonstrating that it identifies a transition from input-driven evidence accumulation to intrinsically-driven decision-making |
we propose pep-fedpt prompt estimation from prototypes for federated prompt tuning a unified framework designed to achieve both generalization and personalization in federated | prompt | prompt tuning | we propose pep-fedpt prompt estimation from prototypes for federated prompt tuning a unified framework designed to achieve both generalization and personalization in federated prompt tuning of vits |
we propose a debiased machine learning estimator that is based on nuisance | functions | debiased machine learning | we propose a debiased machine learning estimator that is based on nuisance functions restricted to a partially linear form |
our objective is to find a velocity field generated by hamiltonian | flows | gradient flow | our objective is to find a velocity field generated by hamiltonian flows that minimizes the kinetic energy while ensuring that the initial scalar distribution reaches a prescribed degree of mixedness by a finite time |
by integrating density functional theory calculations with the stochastic self-consistent harmonic approximation assisted by on the fly machine learned force field we obtain | accurate | density functional | by integrating density functional theory calculations with the stochastic self-consistent harmonic approximation assisted by on the fly machine learned force field we obtain accurate structural information and dynamical properties under varying strain conditions while incorporating higher-order anharmonic effects |
posterior sampling by combining diffusion models with annealed | langevin | langevin dynamics | posterior sampling by combining diffusion models with annealed langevin dynamics |
this work advances both the theoretical understanding of surrogate gradient | learning | imitation learning | this work advances both the theoretical understanding of surrogate gradient learning in snns and practical training methodologies for neuromorphic controllers demonstrated in real-world robotic systems |
conventional autograders while efficient act as black-box systems that simply return pass fail results offering little insight into student | thinking | reasoning curriculum | conventional autograders while efficient act as black-box systems that simply return pass fail results offering little insight into student thinking or learning needs |
furthermore we incorporate focaler-siou to strengthen the model s bounding box matching capability and increase its sensitivity to small-object features thereby further enhancing | detection | computer vision | furthermore we incorporate focaler-siou to strengthen the model s bounding box matching capability and increase its sensitivity to small-object features thereby further enhancing detection accuracy and robustness |
dinosaur photonic crystal cavity interfaces for color | center | photonic crystal | dinosaur photonic crystal cavity interfaces for color center coupling to triangular nanostructures |
building on recent progress in large-scale multi-animal models we introduce neuropaint a masked autoencoding approach for inferring the dynamics of | unrecorded | brain regions | building on recent progress in large-scale multi-animal models we introduce neuropaint a masked autoencoding approach for inferring the dynamics of unrecorded brain areas |
the system integrates industrial cameras to monitor equipment operation alignment and hot | bar | achieves state-of-the-art | the system integrates industrial cameras to monitor equipment operation alignment and hot bar motion in real time along the process line |
irradiation-induced defects that distort the lattice generate elastic | strain | strain engineering | irradiation-induced defects that distort the lattice generate elastic strain so we use excess potential energy as a measure of defect content |
nearest neighbor matching is equivalent to least squares density ratio estimation and | riesz | riesz regression | nearest neighbor matching is equivalent to least squares density ratio estimation and riesz regression |
curvature-aware calibration of tactile sensors for accurate | force | tactile sensors | curvature-aware calibration of tactile sensors for accurate force estimation on non-planar surfaces |
these relationships generalize fisher s fundamental theorem of natural | selection | population genetics | these relationships generalize fisher s fundamental theorem of natural selection and also make clear some of its limitation |
normative reasoning is a type of reasoning that involves | normative | reasoning curriculum | normative reasoning is a type of reasoning that involves normative or deontic modality such as obligation and permission |
we use this life cycle to project future concentration in | large | large cities | we use this life cycle to project future concentration in large cities |
our results show that atlas performs strongly in logical reasoning tasks like sudoku completing puzzles significantly faster than human baselines but struggles substantially in real-time games requiring precise timing and motor control often failing to | progress | reasoning capabilities | our results show that atlas performs strongly in logical reasoning tasks like sudoku completing puzzles significantly faster than human baselines but struggles substantially in real-time games requiring precise timing and motor control often failing to progress beyond initial obstacles |
inference on local variable importance measures for heterogeneous | treatment | average treatment | inference on local variable importance measures for heterogeneous treatment effects |
corvs person identification via video trajectory-sensor | correspondence | point tracking | corvs person identification via video trajectory-sensor correspondence in a real-world warehouse |
stellar-mass compact objects cos embedded in active | galactic | massive galaxies | stellar-mass compact objects cos embedded in active galactic nucleus agn discs are commonly assumed to accrete via bondi or bondi-hoyle-lyttleton bhl prescriptions neglecting gas angular momentum |
unlike previous studies that treat either disturbance rejection or partial sensing this work combines the command filter disturbance | observer | disturbance observer | unlike previous studies that treat either disturbance rejection or partial sensing this work combines the command filter disturbance observer and hgo to address both challenges simultaneously while avoiding the complexity growth typical of backstepping designs |
unlike iterative approximation using dynamic programming in the drl a closed-form expression for the random return can be exactly characterized in the distributional lqr which is defined over infinitely many | random | truncated random return | unlike iterative approximation using dynamic programming in the drl a closed-form expression for the random return can be exactly characterized in the distributional lqr which is defined over infinitely many random variables |
these findings suggest that combining deep learning and traditional machine learning methods could enhance the reliability of | mri-based | deep learning | these findings suggest that combining deep learning and traditional machine learning methods could enhance the reliability of mri-based research on asd |
however it remains unclear which search direction to construct a | gradient | accelerated gradient | however it remains unclear which search direction to construct a gradient estimator is more appropriate and how to set the algorithmic parameters |
these results suggest that llms can serve as practical proxies for otherwise unrevealed human thinking traces enabling label-only corpora to be extended into thinking-trace-augmented resources that enhance the reliability of | llm | large language models llms | these results suggest that llms can serve as practical proxies for otherwise unrevealed human thinking traces enabling label-only corpora to be extended into thinking-trace-augmented resources that enhance the reliability of llm raters |
the findings challenge conventional scaling assumptions establish training data quality as more critical than model | size | smaller models | the findings challenge conventional scaling assumptions establish training data quality as more critical than model size and provide actionable guidelines for model selection across educational production and research contexts |
large language models llms have increasingly been applied to automatic programming | code | open-source models | large language models llms have increasingly been applied to automatic programming code generation |
dynamic dyck and tree edit distance decompositions and reductions to string | edit | tree edit distance | dynamic dyck and tree edit distance decompositions and reductions to string edit distance |
our analysis extends the understanding of z_ abs approx z_ em | absorption | absorption line | our analysis extends the understanding of z_ abs approx z_ em absorption line systems and provides valuable constraints on the interplay between dust metals and neutral gas in the ism of early galaxies |
in this work we propose a strategy that exploits the principles of non-hermitian physics--specifically the concept of exceptional points eps --to transcend these limitations and pave the way for the next generation of versatile high-performance | photonic | photonic crystal | in this work we propose a strategy that exploits the principles of non-hermitian physics--specifically the concept of exceptional points eps --to transcend these limitations and pave the way for the next generation of versatile high-performance photonic devices |
this yields toolpref-pairwise-30k a diverse balanced and challenging dataset of critique tasks that | supports | human feedback | this yields toolpref-pairwise-30k a diverse balanced and challenging dataset of critique tasks that supports reinforcement learning with verifiable feedback |
various plots underline our results and illustrate the capabilities of our | functions | regression function | various plots underline our results and illustrate the capabilities of our functions with regard to estimation |
our findings demonstrate that acoustic signals can support real-time low-cost passive verification in sensitive | robotic | robotic systems | our findings demonstrate that acoustic signals can support real-time low-cost passive verification in sensitive robotic environments without requiring hardware modifications |
large language models llms are increasingly used for long-document question | answering | question answering | large language models llms are increasingly used for long-document question answering where reliable attribution to sources is critical for trust |
our results show that atlas performs strongly in | logical | reasoning curriculum | our results show that atlas performs strongly in logical reasoning tasks like sudoku completing puzzles significantly faster than human baselines but struggles substantially in real-time games requiring precise timing and motor control often failing to progress beyond initial obstacles |
these s cells are modulated by a third inhibitory subtype vip | neurons | brain regions | these s cells are modulated by a third inhibitory subtype vip neurons that receive inputs from other cortical areas |
finally it summarizes the current technical challenges in research such as data quality and model generalization ability and looks forward to future development trends including multi-scale modeling physics-informed machine | learning | machine learning ml | finally it summarizes the current technical challenges in research such as data quality and model generalization ability and looks forward to future development trends including multi-scale modeling physics-informed machine learning standardized data sharing and interpretable machine learning |
through these principles our method achieves image reconstructions from fmri that faithfully reconstruct the seen | images | higher-order visual | through these principles our method achieves image reconstructions from fmri that faithfully reconstruct the seen images and surpass current sota approaches both visually and by standard objective metrics |
it reflects spatio-temporal variability and generates diverse plausible and novel mobility | patterns | emergent behaviors | it reflects spatio-temporal variability and generates diverse plausible and novel mobility patterns consistent with the built environment |
this is formulated as a bilevel optimization problem the inner optimization solves the qp under a given projection using a qp solver while the outer | optimization | bilevel optimization | this is formulated as a bilevel optimization problem the inner optimization solves the qp under a given projection using a qp solver while the outer optimization updates the model parameters |
in a tidal disruption event tde a star is disrupted by the | tidal | black hole | in a tidal disruption event tde a star is disrupted by the tidal field of a massive black hole creating a debris stream that returns to the black hole forms an accretion flow and powers a luminous flare |
for ate estimation we estimate the propensity | score | propensity score | for ate estimation we estimate the propensity score through direct bias-correction term estimation |
neon is an inhibitor of co hydrogenation in pre-stellar | core | star formation | neon is an inhibitor of co hydrogenation in pre-stellar core conditions |
the prior network generates coarse localization maps that delineate the approximate roi serving as spatial guidance for the dual | encoder | dual encoder | the prior network generates coarse localization maps that delineate the approximate roi serving as spatial guidance for the dual encoder network |
we investigate the spontaneous emission of light in three-dimensional 3d photonic | crystals | spontaneous emission | we investigate the spontaneous emission of light in three-dimensional 3d photonic crystals through theoretical calculations and simulations |
this real-time control strategy is then benchmarked against an offline | optimal | optimal control | this real-time control strategy is then benchmarked against an offline optimal dispatch to evaluate flexibility performance |
while successful in language and vision their adoption in | eeg | brain activity | while successful in language and vision their adoption in eeg has lagged due to the heterogeneity of public datasets which are collected under varying protocols devices and electrode configurations |
to this end we generalize a technique of linhares and swamy used to obtain a low-cost chain-constrained spanning | tree | spanning trees | to this end we generalize a technique of linhares and swamy used to obtain a low-cost chain-constrained spanning tree from an algorithm without cost guarantees |
the impact of different multilingual data mixtures in | pretraining | language agents | the impact of different multilingual data mixtures in pretraining large language models llms has been a topic of ongoing debate often raising concerns about potential trade-offs between language coverage and model performance i |
however this trajectory-to-trajectory formulation often entangles camera | motion | motion trajectory | however this trajectory-to-trajectory formulation often entangles camera motion with scene dynamics and complicates both modeling and inference |
carbonaceous nano-grains are a significant component of | interstellar | interstellar medium | carbonaceous nano-grains are a significant component of interstellar dust and dominate the mid-infrared emission of photodissociation regions pdrs |
fully programmable plasmonic pt-symmetric dimer with epsilon near zero and phase-change materials for | integrated | photonic devices | fully programmable plasmonic pt-symmetric dimer with epsilon near zero and phase-change materials for integrated photonics |
adaptive context length optimization with low-frequency truncation for multi-agent | reinforcement | reinforcement learning | adaptive context length optimization with low-frequency truncation for multi-agent reinforcement learning |
biological and artificial learners are inherently exposed to a stream of data and experience throughout their lifetimes and must constantly adapt to learn from or selectively | ignore | continual learning | biological and artificial learners are inherently exposed to a stream of data and experience throughout their lifetimes and must constantly adapt to learn from or selectively ignore the ongoing input |
these results illustrate our iai model s descriptive discriminative and generative power for shaping future | genai | ai systems | these results illustrate our iai model s descriptive discriminative and generative power for shaping future genai systems |
large language models llms excel at general tasks but underperform in specialized | domains | language models | large language models llms excel at general tasks but underperform in specialized domains like economics and psychology which require deep principled understanding |
given past observations and actions it predicts the future of both the | embodied | temporal understanding | given past observations and actions it predicts the future of both the embodied agent and its environment |
this process is indeed analogous to a variant of the mini-batching strategy employed in | stochastic | stochastic differential | this process is indeed analogous to a variant of the mini-batching strategy employed in stochastic gradient descent where an effective multiplicative noise produces an inductive bias by triggering noise-induced transitions |
evaluation using mean absolute error mae root | mean | high accuracy | evaluation using mean absolute error mae root mean squared error rmse and r squared r2 shows high accuracy |
in such cases to ensure the human maintains an accurate understanding of critical | task | task performance | in such cases to ensure the human maintains an accurate understanding of critical task elements an assistive agent must not only identify the highest priority information but also estimate how and when this information can be communicated most effectively given that human attention represents a zero-sum cognitive resou... |
debiased machine learning typically requires estimation of the | riesz | debiased machine | debiased machine learning typically requires estimation of the riesz representer and the regression function |
to address these limitations we propose securereviewer a new approach designed for enhancing llms ability to identify and resolve security-related | issues | security issues | to address these limitations we propose securereviewer a new approach designed for enhancing llms ability to identify and resolve security-related issues during code review |
ai-powered approaches specifically large language models llms natural | language | large language models llms | ai-powered approaches specifically large language models llms natural language processing nlp and generative ai offer transformative solutions and reduce inefficiencies |
our steering module gains model control through dimension-wise activation modulation and adaptive | steering | angular steering | our steering module gains model control through dimension-wise activation modulation and adaptive steering across layers without requiring pre-extracted static vectors or manual tuning of intervention points |
we construct reference frames using three different sets of | external | interstellar medium | we construct reference frames using three different sets of external sources 1 stars with gaia dr3 data 2 stationary background galaxies and 3 a combination of the two |
an empirical application to a two-way error components model shows that the proposed | test | test statistics | an empirical application to a two-way error components model shows that the proposed test can provide more informative inference than the conventional t -test |
cooperation is fundamental to the functioning of biological and social | systems | collective systems | cooperation is fundamental to the functioning of biological and social systems in both human and animal populations with the structure of interactions playing a crucial role |
notably the insertion of four alkylammonium ions introduces different populations of mn2 vacancies leading to a transition from the pristine antiferromagnetic state to more complex magnetic textures including a ferrimagnetic state displaying a | magnetic | magnetic properties | notably the insertion of four alkylammonium ions introduces different populations of mn2 vacancies leading to a transition from the pristine antiferromagnetic state to more complex magnetic textures including a ferrimagnetic state displaying a magnetic saturation of 1 ub atom |
the theory of training deep networks has become a central question of modern machine | learning | deep learning | the theory of training deep networks has become a central question of modern machine learning and has inspired many practical advancements |
accelerating real-world overtaking in f1tenth | racing | wheel-to-wheel racing | accelerating real-world overtaking in f1tenth racing employing reinforcement learning methods |
our model produces imbalanced trees with power-law exponents matching empirical and numerical observations revealing the mathematical basis of observed scaling laws and offering new tools to interpret tree imbalance in | evolutionary | evolutionary dynamics | our model produces imbalanced trees with power-law exponents matching empirical and numerical observations revealing the mathematical basis of observed scaling laws and offering new tools to interpret tree imbalance in evolutionary contexts |
self-localization on a 3d map by using an inexpensive monocular camera is required to realize | autonomous | autonomous driving | self-localization on a 3d map by using an inexpensive monocular camera is required to realize autonomous driving |
this paper develops a unified theoretical framework for detecting and estimating boundaries in treatment effects across both | spatial | treatment effect | this paper develops a unified theoretical framework for detecting and estimating boundaries in treatment effects across both spatial and temporal dimensions |
here we show that the magnetic properties of mnps3 can be tailored through the | intercalation | magnetic anisotropy | here we show that the magnetic properties of mnps3 can be tailored through the intercalation of different guest molecules |
to address this we propose a one problem multiple solutions 1pns training paradigm that exposes the model to a variety of | valid | question answering | to address this we propose a one problem multiple solutions 1pns training paradigm that exposes the model to a variety of valid reasoning trajectories and thus increases inference diversity |
these results highlight the significant room for improving the | mathematical | reasoning capabilities | these results highlight the significant room for improving the mathematical reasoning in current llms |
our results underline the potential of generative | models | quantum computing | our results underline the potential of generative models as a general-purpose methodology for automated quantum circuit design offering a promising path towards more efficient quantum algorithms and accelerating scientific discovery in the quantum domain |
debiased machine learning typically requires estimation of the | riesz | riesz regression | debiased machine learning typically requires estimation of the riesz representer and the regression function |
these results suggest that llms can serve as practical proxies for otherwise unrevealed human thinking | traces | thinking traces | these results suggest that llms can serve as practical proxies for otherwise unrevealed human thinking traces enabling label-only corpora to be extended into thinking-trace-augmented resources that enhance the reliability of llm raters |
these results highlight the potential of drl for enabling real-time high-performance | isac | communication isac | these results highlight the potential of drl for enabling real-time high-performance isac in dynamic scenarios |
within this context ai-based channel characterization and | estimation | channel estimation | within this context ai-based channel characterization and estimation become the focus since these methods have not been solved by traditional methods very well and have become the bottleneck of transceiver efficiency in large-scale orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ofdm systems |
point convergence analysis of the accelerated | gradient | objective function | point convergence analysis of the accelerated gradient method for multiobjective optimization continuous and discrete |
our results indicate that although llms generally adhere to valid reasoning patterns they exhibit notable inconsistencies in specific types of | normative | reasoning capabilities | our results indicate that although llms generally adhere to valid reasoning patterns they exhibit notable inconsistencies in specific types of normative reasoning and display cognitive biases similar to those observed in psychological studies of human reasoning |
however existing vision-language models vlms still lack accurate perception of details and struggle to extract | fine-grained | vision-language models vlms | however existing vision-language models vlms still lack accurate perception of details and struggle to extract fine-grained structures from charts |
the quantum walk technique is a general framework for constructing quantum algorithms by transforming a classical random walk search into a quantum search and has been successfully applied to constructing an | algorithm | quantum batteries | the quantum walk technique is a general framework for constructing quantum algorithms by transforming a classical random walk search into a quantum search and has been successfully applied to constructing an algorithm with a tight query complexity for another problem |
we propose a new approach that reformulates the maximum likelihood estimation problem as an | optimization | policy optimization | we propose a new approach that reformulates the maximum likelihood estimation problem as an optimization problem with equilibrium constraints where both the structural parameters and the value functions are treated as decision variables |
building on this synthetic dataset we introduce an end-to-end data-driven framework for estimating human | poses | pose estimation | building on this synthetic dataset we introduce an end-to-end data-driven framework for estimating human poses and shapes from diverse sketch styles |
we close by distinguishing these qualitative changes from density-dependent | phase | phase transition | we close by distinguishing these qualitative changes from density-dependent phase transitions and by discussing how our approach could generalize to broader classes of collective behaviors |
extensive experiments validate the state-of-the-art performance of the | proposed | real-world applications | extensive experiments validate the state-of-the-art performance of the proposed framework |
this study demonstrates that providing language models with pragmatic theories as prompts is an effective in-context | learning | reasoning tasks | this study demonstrates that providing language models with pragmatic theories as prompts is an effective in-context learning approach for tasks to understand implied meanings |
in ate estimation the bias-correction term h_0 x_i d_i frac 1 e_0 x_i - frac 1 1 - e_0 x_i plays an important role where e_0 x_i is the | propensity | propensity score | in ate estimation the bias-correction term h_0 x_i d_i frac 1 e_0 x_i - frac 1 1 - e_0 x_i plays an important role where e_0 x_i is the propensity score the probability of being assigned treatment 1 |
however significant limitations remain mllms generalize poorly across digital-physical spaces and embodiments vision-language-action models vlas produce low-level actions yet lack robust high-level embodied reasoning and most embodied large | language | vision-language models vlms | however significant limitations remain mllms generalize poorly across digital-physical spaces and embodiments vision-language-action models vlas produce low-level actions yet lack robust high-level embodied reasoning and most embodied large language models ellms are constrained to digital-space with poor generalization... |
experimental results complemented with theoretical predictions show that in the low absorption and thin sample limits the signal reproduce the vert chi 3 vert | spectral | spectral range | experimental results complemented with theoretical predictions show that in the low absorption and thin sample limits the signal reproduce the vert chi 3 vert spectral profile |
this setting presents two central challenges 1 identifying similarity across users to effectively aggregate data especially under scenarios where offline data is imbalanced across dimensions and 2 handling the imbalanced offline data where some | preference | preference optimization | this setting presents two central challenges 1 identifying similarity across users to effectively aggregate data especially under scenarios where offline data is imbalanced across dimensions and 2 handling the imbalanced offline data where some preference dimensions are underrepresented |
yet robust decisions under uncertainty still rely on capabilities that | current | trustworthy ai | yet robust decisions under uncertainty still rely on capabilities that current ai lacks domain knowledge not captured by data long horizon context and reasoning grounded in the physical world |
the model is based on mechanisms of fast and flat depth-limited goal-directed probabilistic simulation--analogous to those used in monte carlo tree-search models of expert game-play but scaled down to use very few stochastic samples simple goal heuristics for evaluating | actions | artificial intelligence | the model is based on mechanisms of fast and flat depth-limited goal-directed probabilistic simulation--analogous to those used in monte carlo tree-search models of expert game-play but scaled down to use very few stochastic samples simple goal heuristics for evaluating actions and no deep search |
for approximate matching we develop randomized algorithms to show that 1 epsilon -approximate matching in regular | graphs | -approximation algorithm | for approximate matching we develop randomized algorithms to show that 1 epsilon -approximate matching in regular graphs is truly local i |
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