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[ "One of the two papers containing the published proof of Fermat 's Last Theorem is a joint work of Taylor and Andrew Wiles .", "There are two papers which have the complete proof of Fermat 's Last Theorem ." ]
[ "The ratification of international treaties is usually accomplished by filing instruments of ratification as provided for in the treaty .", "Ratification is the confirmation of a treaty ." ]
[ "The film is about an atomic bomb test in the Arctic Circle that unfreezes a hibernating dinosaur , the fictional Rhedosaurus , which begins to wreak havoc in New York City .", "An atomic bomb test in the Arctic Circle wakes up a sleeping dinosaur , the fictional Rhedosaurus ." ]
[ "It earned $ 2.25 million at the North American box office during its first year of release and ended up grossing over $ 5 million .", "It made over $ 5 million , including $ 2.25 million in the United States in its first year ." ]
[ "Against this backdrop , the ability of South America 's xenarthrans to compete effectively against the northerners represents a special case .", "The ability of South America 's xenarthrans to compete effectively against the northerners represents a special case ." ]
[ "Sparassodonts shared the ecological niches for large predators with fearsome flightless `` terror birds '' ( phorusrhacids ) , whose closest extant relatives are the seriemas .", "Sparassodonts shared the ecological niches for large predators with fearsome flightless `` terror birds '' ( phorusrhacids ) , whose ...
[ "Other taxa that may have dispersed by the same route ( if not by flying or floating across the ocean ) are parrots , chelid turtles and ( extinct ) meiolaniid turtles .", "Other taxa that may have dispersed by the same route ( if not by flying or rafting ) are parrots , chelid turtles and ( extinct ) meiolaniid ...
[ "Terrestrial ziphodont sebecid crocodilians were also present at least through the middle Miocene .", "Terrestrial ziphodont crocodilians were also present at least through the middle Miocene ." ]
[ "Their low metabolic rate may in turn have been advantageous in allowing them to subsist on less abundant and\\/or less nutritious food sources .", "Their low metabolic rate in turn allowed them to subsist on less abundant and\\/or less nutritious food sources ." ]
[ "It appears that ratites ( relatives of South American tinamous ) migrated by this route around the same time , more likely in the direction from South America towards Australia\\/New Zealand .", "Ratites ( relatives of South American tinamous ) probably migrated by this route about the same time , in the directi...
[ "Others who made significant contributions to understanding the event in the century that followed include Florentino Ameghino , W. D. Matthew , W. B. Scott , Bryan Patterson , George Gaylord Simpson and S. David Webb .", "Others who made significant contributions to understanding the event in the century that fo...
[ "In addition to those extant today ( armadillos , anteaters and tree sloths ) , a great diversity of larger types were present , including pampatheres , the ankylosaur-like glyptodontids , various ground sloths , some of which reached the size of elephants ( e.g. Megatherium ) , and even semiaquatic to aquatic mari...
[ "Its most dramatic effect is on the zoogeography of mammals but it also gave an opportunity for reptiles , amphibians , arthropods , weak-flying or flightless birds , and even freshwater fish to migrate .", "Its most dramatic effect is on the distribution of mammals , but weak-flying or flightless birds , reptile...
[ "A 61-Ma-old platypus-like monotreme fossil from Patagonia may represent an Australian immigrant .", "A 61 mya old platypus-like monotreme fossil from Patagonia may be an Australian immigrant ." ]
[ "Through the skies over late Miocene South America ( 6 Ma ago ) soared the largest flying bird known , the teratorn Argentavis , with a wing span of 6 m or more , which may have subsisted in part on the leftovers of Thylacosmilus kills .", "Some of South America 's aquatic crocodilians reached monstrous sizes , w...
[ "The occurrence of the interchange was first discussed in 1876 by the `` father of biogeography '' , Alfred Russel Wallace .", "The interchange as a concept was first fully laid out in 1876 by the `` father of biogeography '' , Alfred Russel Wallace ." ]
[ "Metatherians were the only South American mammals to specialize as carnivores ; their relative inefficiency created openings for nonmammalian predators to play more prominent roles than usual ( similar to the situation in Australia ) .", "Their relative inefficiency created openings for nonmammalian predators to...
[ "One living South American marsupial , the monito del monte , has been shown to be more closely related to Australian marsupials than to other South American marsupials ; however , it is the most basal australidelphian , meaning that this superorder arose in South America and then colonized Australia after the moni...
[ "Marsupials appear to have traveled via Gondwanan land connections from South America through Antarctica to Australia in the late Cretaceous or early Tertiary .", "Marsupials appear to have traveled from South America through Antarctica to Australasia in the late Cretaceous or early Tertiary ." ]
[ "It resulted in the joining of the Neotropic ( roughly South America ) and Nearctic ( roughly North America ) ecozones definitively to form the Americas .", "The land bridge in what is now Panama joined the Neotropic ( roughly South America ) and Nearctic ( roughly North America ) ecozones to form the Americas ."...
[ "The Great American Interchange was an important paleozoogeographic event in which land and freshwater fauna migrated from North America via Central America to South America and vice versa , as the volcanic Isthmus of Panama rose up from the sea floor and bridged the formerly separated continents .", "The volcani...
[ "Marsupials present in South America included didelphimorphs ( opossums ) and several other small groups ; larger predatory relatives of these also existed , like the borhyaenids and the sabertooth Thylacosmilus ( sparassodont metatherians which are no longer considered to be true marsupials ) .", "The borhyaenid...
[ "The North American fauna was a pretty typical boreoeutherian one ( supplemented with Afrotherian proboscids ) .", "The North American fauna was typical northern eutheria ( supplemented with Afrotherian proboscids ) ." ]
[ "The interchange is visible from observation of both stratigraphy and nature ( neontology ) .", "The interchange is visible from both stratigraphy and nature ." ]
[ "The film was shot entirely at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank , California .", "It was shot at Walt Disney Studios in Burbank , California ." ]
[ "Amendments to the original convention have been agreed to in Paris ( in 1982 ) and Regina ( in 1987 ) .", "Changes to the original convention have been agreed to in Paris ( 1982 ) and Regina ( 1987 ) ." ]
[ "It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran , where the Convention was signed in 1971 .", "It is named after the town of Ramsar in Iran ." ]
[ "The state parties meet every three years as the Conference of the Contracting Parties ( CCP ) , the first held in Cagliari , Italy in 1980 .", "The first meeting was held in Cagliari , Italy , in 1980 ." ]
[ "The nation with the highest number of sites is the United Kingdom at 169 ; the nation with the greatest area of listed wetlands is Canada , with over 130,000 km2 ( 50,000 sq mi ) , including the Queen Maud Gulf Migratory Bird Sanctuary at 62,800 km2 ( 24,200 sq mi ) .", "The nation with the greatest area of list...
[ "The Ramsar Convention ( formally , the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance , especially as Waterfowl Habitat ) is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands , i.e. , to stem the progressive encroachment on and loss of wetlands now and in the future , recogni...
[ "Trilobites form one of the earliest known groups of arthropods .", "Trilobites are the earliest known animal to have vision ." ]
[ "Suzuka and Fuji were to alternate hosting the Japanese Grand Prix from 2009 .", "Suzuka and Fuji were to alternate hosting the Japanese Grand Prix starting in 2009 ." ]
[ "During qualifying for the 1997 race , rain caused Goodyear to use rain tires on Sprint Cup cars for the first time in the modern era .", "During qualifying for the 1997 race , rain caused Goodyear to use rain tyres on the Sprint Cup cars ." ]
[ "Designed as a Honda test track in 1962 by Dutchman John `` Hans '' Hugenholtz , Suzuka is one of few circuits in the world to have a `` figure 8 '' layout , with the back straight passing over the front section by means of an overpass .", "Designed as a Honda test track in 1962 by John Hugenholtz , Suzuka is one...
[ "However , the problem continued for the new revised section .", "Problems continued for the revised section ." ]
[ "The track held a re-opening day on April 12 , 2009 .", "The track held a re-opening day on 12 April 2009 ." ]
[ "The 1996 event was marred by tragedy when during practice , pace car driver Elmo Langley died of a heart attack in the Chevrolet Corvette Pace Car at the esses during an evaluation run .", "The 1996 event was marred by tragedy when pace car driver Elmo Langley died of a heart attack during practice ." ]
[ "The circuit can be used in three configurations ; the full circuit , the `` Suzuka East '' and `` Suzuka West '' configuration .", "The full circuit , the `` Suzuka East '' and `` Suzuka West '' configuration ." ]
[ "In 2002 , Toyota F1 driver Allan McNish suffered a high-speed crash through the bump , which sent him through a metal fence ; fortunately , he was not seriously injured .", "In 2002 , Toyota driver Allan McNish suffered a high-speed crash through the bump ." ]
[ "Previously a part of multiple GT racing series including the now defunct Group C class of the All Japan Sports Prototype Championship , the Suzuka 1000 km as of 2006 is now a points round of the Super GT series , and is the only race of such length in that series .", "The Suzuka 1000 km is a round of the Super G...
[ "It was announced on June 21 , 2010 that the East section of Suzuka Circuit would host the Japan round of the 2011 WTCC season instead of the Okayama International Circuit .", "It was announced on 21 June 2010 that Suzuka Circuit would host the Japan round of the 2011 World Touring Car Championship season instead...
[ "Suzuka was dropped from the Formula One calendar for the 2007 and 2008 seasons in favor of the Toyota-owned Fuji Speedway , after the latter underwent a transformation and redesign by circuit designer Hermann Tilke .", "Suzuka was dropped from the Formula One calendar for the 2007 and 2008 seasons in favor of th...
[ "Along with Fuji Speedway , Suzuka Circuit was one of the four tracks featured in the video game Pole Position II ( the first game featured only the Fuji track ) .", "Along with Fuji Speedway , Suzuka Circuit has been featured many video and arcade games ." ]
[ "However , after Fuji announced on July 2009 that it would no longer be part of the F1 calendar , Suzuka signed a deal to host the Japanese Grand Prix in 2009 , 2010 and 2011 .", "In July 2009 , Fuji announced that it would no longer be part of the F1 calendar ." ]
[ "for short , is a motorsport race track located in Ino , Suzuka City , Mie Prefecture , Japan and operated by Mobilityland Corporation , a subsidiary of Honda Motor Co. , Ltd. .", "Coordinates : 34 ° 50 ′ 35 ″ N 136 ° 32 ′ 26 ″ E \\ / 34.84306 ° N 136.54056 ° E \\ / 34.84306 ; 136.54056 Suzuka International Racin...
[ "NASCAR organized the NASCAR Thunder 100 , a pair of exhibition 100-lap races on the East Circuit , a 1.4 miles ( 2.3 km ) layout which utilizes the pit straight and esses , before rejoining the main circuit near the Casio Triangle .", "The 1.4 miles ( 2.3 km ) layout which using the pit straight and S-corners , ...
[ "Suzuka , openly touted by F1 drivers and fans as one of the most enjoyed , is also one of the oldest remaining tracks of the Formula One World Championship , and so has a long history of races as venue of the Japanese Grand Prix .", "Suzuka is one of the oldest remaining tracks of the Formula One World Champions...
[ "Another major motorsport event is the Suzuka 8 Hours for motorcycles , which has been run since 1978 .", "Suzuka also hosts the Suzuka 8 Hours for motorcycles , which has been run since 1978 ." ]
[ "The `` East '' portion of the course consists of the pit straight to the first half of the Dunlop curve ( turn 7 ) , before leading back to the pit straight via a tight right-hander .", "The `` East '' course is made of the pit straight to the first half of the Dunlop curve ( turn 7 ) ." ]
[ "Track officials revised the 130R , redesigning it as a double-apex section , one with an 85 metres ( 279 ft ) radius , and then a second featuring a 340 metres ( 1,115 ft ) radius , leading to a much closer Casio Triangle ( chicane ) , with the chicane becoming a `` bus stop '' type for motorcycles .", "This lea...
[ "The cars were Sprint Cup Series and Camping World West Series cars and the field was by invitation for the two races , run after the 1996 and 1997 seasons .", "The cars were from the Sprint Cup Series ( then called Winston Cup ) and Camping World West Series ( then called Winston West ) ." ]
[ "Following two tremendous accidents in 2002 and 2003 , safety has been a concern at the circuit 's 130R , a 130 metres ( 427 ft ) radius turn starting past the Crossover which has been compared to Spa 's Blanchimont .", "130R is a 130 metres ( 427 ft ) radius turn starting past the Crossover ." ]
[ "The `` West '' course is made up of the other part of the full circuit , including the crossover bridge .", "The `` West '' course is made up of the other part of the full circuit , with the pit stop at the straight before the 130R corner ." ]
[ "For an 88 note ( full size ) keyboard , there would be 264 keys in total , with each note playable by three keys in vertical alignment .", "For an 88 note ( full size ) keyboard , there would be 264 keys in total , with each note playable by 3 keys in vertical alignment ." ]
[ "In the picture below , the white keys have been colored to show how the keys are interconnected .", "In the picture , the white keys have been colored to show how the keys are interconnected ." ]
[ "He based his authority on being a bishop of the Church , living his life in the imitation of Christ .", "Ignatius based his authority on living his life in imitation of Christ ." ]
[ "Ignatius ' feast day is observed on 20 December in the Eastern Orthodox Church .", "Ignatius ' feast day is observed on 17 October in Western Christianity and 20 December in Eastern Christianity ." ]
[ "Later in his life he was chosen to serve as the Bishop of Antioch , succeeding Saint Peter and St. Evodius ( who died around AD 67 ) .", "Ignatius became Bishop of Antioch after Saint Peter and Evodius , who died around AD 67 ." ]
[ "Ignatius is one of the five Apostolic Fathers ( the earliest authoritative group of the Church Fathers ) .", "Ignatius is generally considered to be one of the Apostolic Fathers ( the earliest authoritative group of the Church Fathers ) and a saint by the Roman Catholic Church , Lutheran Church , Eastern Orthodo...
[ "Ignatius called himself Theophorus ( God Bearer ) .", "Besides the Latin name , Ignatius , he also called himself Theophorus ( `` God Bearer '' ) , and tradition says he was one of the children Jesus took in His arms and blessed ." ]
[ "Ignatius of Antioch ( Ancient Greek : Ἰγνάτιος Ἀντιοχείας , also known as Theophorus from Greek Θεοφόρος `` God-bearer '' ) ( ( c. 35 or 50 ) - ( from 98 to 117 ) ) was among the Apostolic Fathers , was the third Bishop of Antioch , and was a student of John the Apostle .", "Saint Ignatius of Antioch ( also know...
[ "It is believed that St. Ignatius , along with his friend Polycarp , with great probability were disciples of the Apostle St. John .", "Ignatius was most likely a disciple of the Apostle John ." ]
[ "Rome Epistles attributed to Ignatius report his arrest by the authorities and travel to Rome : Along the route he wrote six letters to the churches in the region and one to a fellow bishop .", "Instead , he met with and encouraged Christians who flocked to meet him all along his route , and he wrote six letters ...
[ "The High Bailiff and the Deputy High Bailiff are ex officio Judicial Officers , and additional Judicial Officers ( full-time or part-time ) may be appointed .", "The High Bailiff and the Deputy High Bailiff are ex officio Judicial Officers , and other Judicial Officers ( full-time or part-time ) may be appointed...
[ "Civil matters are usually heard at first instance by a single Deemster sitting in the High Court .", "Often they are appointed because they have special knowledge of a complex legal case Civil matters are usually heard at first instance by a single Deemster sitting in the High Court ." ]
[ "The superior court of the Isle of Man is the High Court of Justice of the Isle of Man , consisting of a Civil Division and an appeal division , called the Staff of Government Division .", "The court on the next level is the High Court of Justice of the Isle of Man ." ]
[ "This dates back to an ancient right of the Manx to appeal to the Crown of England against the decisions of the Lord of Mann , who in previous times was the supreme insular legal authority , and was explicitly confirmed by the Privy Council in their decision of Christian v. Corren in 1716 , several years before rev...
[ "One special case , that also applies to the Channel Islands , is the jurisdiction of the Queen 's Bench Division of the English High Court over the Island in matters of habeas corpus .", "In the Isle of Man , and the Channel Islands , the Queen 's Bench Division of the English High Court can hear appeals about h...
[ "The judges of the High Court are the Deemsters , appointed by The Queen , acting on the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice in the United Kingdom , and the Judicial Officers , appointed by the Lieutenant Governor .", "The Deemsters are appointed by The Queen on the advice of the Secretary of State for J...
[ "Energy usage in transportation and residential sectors , about half of U.S. energy consumption , is largely controlled by individual consumers .", "Energy usage in the transportation and residential sectors ( about half of U.S. energy consumption ) is largely controlled by individual domestic consumers ." ]
[ "The United States is currently the second largest single consumer of energy , following China .", "The U.S. is currently the largest consumer of energy , although there are a lot of current levels of growth , it is possible that in the future China could become the leading energy consumer ." ]
[ "The Anglo-Dutch Wars ( Dutch : Engels-Nederlandse Oorlogen or Engelse Zeeoorlogen ) were a series of wars fought between the English ( later British ) and the Dutch in the 17th and 18th centuries for control over the seas and trade routes .", "The Anglo-Dutch Wars ( Dutch : Engels-Nederlandse Oorlogen or Engelse...
[ "The fourth war took place after the Acts of Union , and involved the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Dutch Republic .", "The Fourth War ( 1780-1784 ) took place after the Acts of Union in Britain , and involved the Dutch Republic and the Kingdom of Great Britain ." ]
[ "The second and third Anglo-Dutch wars confirmed the Dutch Republic 's position as the leading maritime state of the seventeenth century .", "They confirmed the Dutch Republic 's position as the leading maritime power of the 17th century ." ]
[ "The first war took place during the English Interregnum , and was fought between the Commonwealth of England and the Dutch Republic ( also known as the United Provinces ) .", "The war was fought between the navies of England and the Dutch Republic ( also known as the United Provinces ) ." ]
[ "The discus throw is the subject of a number of well-known ancient Greek statues and Roman copies such as the Discobolus and Discophoros .", "The discus throw is the subject of a number of well-known ancient Greek statues and Roman copies of them ." ]
[ "Mid-18th century dancer Marie Camargo of the Paris Opéra Ballet was the first to wear a non-heeled shoe , enabling her to perform leaps that would have been difficult , if not impossible , in the more conventional shoes of the age .", "Mid 18th century dancer Marie Camargo of the Paris Opéra Ballet was the first...
[ "His `` flying machine '' lifted dancers upward , allowing them to stand on their toes before leaving the ground .", "His ` flying machine ' lifted dancers upward , allowing them to stand on their toes before leaving the ground ." ]
[ "The birth of the modern pointe shoe is often attributed to the early 20th-century Russian ballerina , Anna Pavlova , who was one of the most famous and influential dancers of her time .", "The birth of the modern pointe shoe may be due to the early 20th century Russian ballerina , Anna Pavlova , who was one of t...
[ "When Marie Taglioni first danced La Sylphide en pointe , her shoes were nothing more than modified satin slippers ; the soles were made of leather and the sides and toes were darned to help the shoes hold their shapes .", "When Marie Taglioni first danced La Sylphide en pointe , her shoes were nothing more than ...
[ "This lightness and ethereal quality was well received by audiences and , as a result , choreographers began to look for ways to incorporate more pointework into their pieces .", "This lightness and ethereal quality was well received by audiences and , as a result , choreographers began put more pointework into t...
[ "They are normally worn by female dancers , though male dancers may wear them for unorthodox roles such as the ugly stepsisters in Cinderella , Bottom in A Midsummer Night 's Dream , or men performing as women in dance companies such as Les Ballets Trockadero and Grandiva .", "Pointe shoes are normally only worn ...
[ "As dance progressed into the 19th century , the emphasis on technical skill increased , as did the desire to dance en pointe without the aid of wires .", "As dance progressed into the 1800s , the desire grew to dance en pointe without the aid of wires ." ]
[ "To compensate for this , she inserted toughened leather soles into her shoes for extra support and flattened and hardened the toe area to form a box .", "To compensate for this , she would put tough leather soles into her shoes for extra support , and would flatten and harden the toe area to form a box ." ]
[ "A pointe shoe is a type of shoe worn by ballet dancers when performing pointe work .", "Pointe shoes are special shoes worn by ballerinas ." ]
[ "Pointe shoes can often be ordered in other custom colors .", "There are many different parts to a pointe shoe : Its important that pointe shoes fit correctly ." ]
[ "In 2007 , NC House Bill 433 passed , granting the Lexington Barbecue Festival the title `` Official Food Festival of the Piedmont Triad Region of the State of North Carolina '' .", "In 2007 , The North Carolina government pass a law called `` NC House Bill 433 '' and now the festival is officially the `` Officia...
[ "Over the years , sponsors have included Childress Vineyards , Pepsi , BB&T , Walmart , and other large and local corporations .", "Over the years , many large companies have helped pay for the festival , such as Childress Vineyards , Pepsi , BB&T , Walmart , and other corporations ." ]
[ "The Lexington Barbecue Festival was to become one of the nation 's most popular food festivals .", "The first Lexington Barbecue Festival was in 1984 ." ]
[ "Several city blocks on main street , are closed to vehicle traffic for the event .", "The city closes many city blocks on Main Street for the event ." ]
[ "In addition to barbecue , there are typically over 400 other vendors of arts and crafts , homemade fudge and other wares .", "In addition to barbecue , there are over 400 other people selling arts and crafts , homemade fudge and other things ." ]
[ "The idea for an annual festival was first brought up in 1983 by Joe Sink , Jr. , publisher of Lexington 's daily newspaper , The Dispatch .", "It was the idea of Joe Sink , Jr. , who worked for Lexington 's newspaper , The Dispatch ." ]
[ "The first annual festival attracted 30,000 people , and the barbecue chefs cooked 3,000 pounds of barbecue to meet demand ; by 1994 , attendance had risen to over 100,000 , and 11,000 pounds of meat were cooked .", "By 1994 , more than 100,000 people came each year , and they had to cook 11,000 pounds of meat ."...
[ "The full grand ducal style was Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach , Landgrave in Thuringia , Margrave of Meissen , Princely Count of Henneberg , Lord of Blankenhayn , Neustadt and Tautenburg .", "The Grand Dukes full title was Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach , Landgrave in Thuringia , Margrave of Meißen , Pri...
[ "The Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach ( German : Herzogtum Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach ) was created in 1809 by the merger of the Ernestine duchies of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach .", "The Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach ( German : Herzogtum Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach ) was created in 1809 when the Ernestine duchies of Saxe...
[ "In 1877 , it officially changed its name to the Grand Duchy of Saxony ( German : Großherzogtum Sachsen ) , but this name was rarely used .", "In 1877 , the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach officially became the Grand Duchy of Saxony ( German : Großherzogtum Sachsen ) , but this name was not often used ." ]
[ "The leaves of the banyan tree are large , leathery , glossy green and elliptical in shape .", "The leaves of Banyan tree are large , leathery , glossy green and elliptical in shape ." ]
[ "Old trees can spread out laterally , using these prop roots to cover a wide area .", "Old trees can spread out laterally using these prop roots to cover a wide area ." ]
[ "Older banyan trees are characterized by their aerial prop roots that grow into thick woody trunks which , with age , can become indistinguishable from the main trunk .", "Older banyan trees have aerial prop roots that grow into thick woody trunks which , with age , can become indistinguishable from the main trun...
[ "Like most fig-trees , the leaf bud is covered by two large scales .", "Like most of the fig-trees , the leaf bud is covered by two large scales ." ]