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[ "A short distance after the reservoir , DE 82 makes a left turn onto New London Road to head to the south .", "Not far after the reservoir , DE 82 makes a left turn onto New London Road to go south ." ]
[ "The road passes wooded residential areas and fields before crossing over the Hoopes Reservoir .", "Then it crosses over the Hoopes Reservoir ." ]
[ "At this point , DE 82 heads northwest on Creek Road and parallels the Red Clay Creek and the Wilmington and Western Railroad on a forested alignment .", "Here , DE 82 goes northwest on Creek Road and passes next to the Red Clay Creek and the Wilmington and Western Railroad on a road with many trees ." ]
[ "In 2010 , DelDOT considered removing the DE 82 designation in order to preserve the route as a scenic byway .", "In 2010 , DelDOT planned to remove the DE 82 signs in order to keep the route as a scenic byway ." ]
[ "When Delaware started numbering state highways in the 1930s , what is now DE 82 was originally an unnumbered road .", "When Delaware started giving numbers to state highways in the 1930s , the road that is DE 82 today did not have a number ." ]
[ "DE 82 was first numbered by 1952 on its current alignment .", "DE 82 was first given its number by 1952 ." ]
[ "The route runs through areas of woods and fields in northern New Castle County , with much of the route paralleling the Red Clay Creek .", "The route passes through areas of trees and fields in the north part of New Castle County ." ]
[ "By 1952 , DE 82 was created on its current alignment to connect PA 82 to DE 52 near Greenville .", "By 1952 , DE 82 was made on the road it follows today to go between PA 82 to DE 52 near Greenville ." ]
[ "In addition to acting , Lynch was also a musician and played the saxophone , guitar , piano , and flute .", "In while acting , Lynch was also a musician and played the saxophone , guitar , piano , and flute ." ]
[ "Richard Hugh Lynch ( February 12 , 1940 - June 19 , 2012 ) was an American actor best known for portraying villains in films and television .", "Richard Hugh Lynch ( February 12 , 1940 - June 19 , 2012 ) was an Irish-American actor best known for playing villains in movies and television ." ]
[ "He held Irish citizenship through his Irish-born parents and was a frequent visitor to Ireland .", "He held Republic of Ireland citizenship through his Irish born parents and was a frequent visitor to Ireland ." ]
[ "He starred together with brother Barry in the films Nightforce and Total Force .", "With Barry , the two brothers starred together in the films Nightforce and Total Force ." ]
[ "Richard Lynch was born on February 12 , 1940 ( sometimes incorrectly cited as 1936 ) in Brooklyn , New York to Irish Catholic parents .", "Richard Lynch was born on February 12 , 1940 in Brooklyn , New York City to Irish Catholic parents ." ]
[ "He also appeared in such shows as Starsky and Hutch , T. J. Hooker , Blue Thunder ( TV series ) , Airwolf , The A-Team , Charmed and Star Trek : The Next Generation .", "He also appeared in such shows as Starsky and Hutch , T. J. Hooker , The A-Team , Charmed and Star Trek : The Next Generation ." ]
[ "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers is an American live action children 's television series that premiered on August 28 , 1993 , on the Fox Kids weekday afternoon block .", "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers is a television series which ran for 3 seasons ( one season of television is made in a year ) , which is longer than...
[ "The Rangers normally use their Ninja Ranger powers to fight them .", "They lose their new ninja powers , and go off to find new powers ." ]
[ "The Amoebozoa also include the slime moulds , multinucleate or multicellular forms that produce spores and are usually visible to the unaided eye .", "The Amoebozoa also include the Myxozoan slime moulds , multinucleate or multicellular forms which produce spores and are usually visible to the unaided eye ." ]
[ "The primary mode of nutrition is by phagocytosis : the cell surrounds potential food particles , sealing them into vacuoles where the may be digested and absorbed .", "The cell surrounds food particles , sealing them into vacuoles where they are digested and absorbed ." ]
[ "When food is scarce , most species can form cysts , which may be carried aerially and introduce them to new environments .", "When food is scarce , most species form cysts , which may be carried by air to other places ." ]
[ "Most are unicellular , and are common in soils and aquatic habitats , with some found as symbiotes of other organisms , including several pathogens .", "Most are unicellular , and are common in soils and aquatic habitats , with some found as symbionts of other organisms , including several pathogens ." ]
[ "FIC was eventually renamed Finnigan Corporation and went on to establish itself as the worldwide leader in GC\\/MS systems .", "FIC was eventually renamed Finnigan Corporation and went on to establish itself as the worldwide leader in GC-MS systems ." ]
[ "The mass spectrometer does this by breaking each molecule into ionized fragments and detecting these fragments using their mass-to-charge ratio .", "The mass spectrometer does this by breaking each molecule into ionized fragments and detecting these fragments using their mass to charge ratio ." ]
[ "The gas chromatograph utilizes a capillary column which depends on the column 's dimensions ( length , diameter , film thickness ) as well as the phase properties ( e.g. 5 % phenyl polysiloxane ) .", "The gas chromatograph uses a capillary column which depends on the column 's dimensions ( length , diameter , fi...
[ "The GC-MS is composed of two major building blocks : the gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer .", "The GC-MS is made up of two major building blocks : the gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer ." ]
[ "In negative chemical ionization ( NCI ) the reagent gas decreases the impact of the free electrons on the target analyte .", "Negative Chemical Ionization In Negative Chemical Ionization ( NCI ) the reagent gas decreases the impact of the free electrons on the target analyte ." ]
[ "In positive chemical ionization ( PCI ) the reagent gas interacts with the target molecule , most often with a proton exchange .", "Positive Chemical Ionization In Positive Chemical Ionization ( PCI ) the reagent gas interacts with the target molecule , most often with a proton exchange ." ]
[ "Combining the two processes reduces the possibility of error , as it is extremely unlikely that two different molecules will behave in the same way in both a gas chromatograph and a mass spectrometer .", "It is extremely unlikely that two different molecules will behave in the same way in both a gas chromatograp...
[ "When collecting data in the full scan mode , a target range of mass fragments is determined and put into the instrument 's method .", "When collecting data in the full scan mode , a target range of mass fragments is selected and put into the instrument 's method ." ]
[ "Today computerized GC\\/MS instruments are widely used in environmental monitoring of water , air , and soil ; in the regulation of agriculture and food safety ; and in the discovery and production of medicine .", "Today , computerized GC-MS instruments are widely used in environmental monitoring of water , air ...
[ "The molecules enter into the MS ( the source is a quadrupole or the ion trap itself in an ion trap MS ) where they are bombarded with free electrons emitted from a filament , not unlike the filament one would find in a standard light bulb .", "The molecules enter into the MS ( the source is a quadrupole or the i...
[ "This `` hard ionization '' technique results in the creation of more fragments of low mass to charge ratio ( m\\/z ) and few , if any , molecules approaching the molecular mass unit .", "This `` hard ionization '' technique results in the creation of more fragments of low mass to charge ratio ( m\\/z ) ." ]
[ "This produces the species in relatively high amounts .", "This produces the ion species in relatively high amounts ." ]
[ "Applications of GC-MS include drug detection , fire investigation , environmental analysis , explosives investigation , and identification of unknown samples .", "GC-MS has many uses include drug detection , fire investigation , environmental analysis and explosives investigation ." ]
[ "The molecules are retained by the column and then elute ( come off ) from the column at different times ( called the retention time ) , and this allows the mass spectrometer downstream to capture , ionize , accelerate , deflect , and detect the ionized molecules separately .", "This allows the mass spectrometer ...
[ "Additionally one may find a magnetic sector mass spectrometer , however these particular instruments are expensive and bulky and not typically found in high-throughput service laboratories .", "However these particular instruments are expensive and bulky and not typically found in high-throughput service laborat...
[ "Depending on the technique ( positive CI or negative CI ) chosen , this reagent gas will interact with the electrons and analyte and cause a ` soft ' ionization of the molecule of interest .", "Either way , the reagent gas will interact with the electrons and analyte and cause a ` soft ' ionization of the molecu...
[ "The determination of what range to use is largely dictated by what one anticipates being in the sample while being cognizant of the solvent and other possible interferences .", "The determination of what range to use is largely set by what one expects being in the sample while being aware of the solvent and othe...
[ "In chemical ionization a reagent gas , typically methane or ammonia is introduced into the mass spectrometer .", "In chemical ionization ( CI ) , a reagent gas , typically methane or ammonia is put into the mass spectrometer ." ]
[ "Additionally if one is to use a large scan range then sensitivity of the instrument is decreased due to performing fewer scans per second since each scan will have to detect a wide range of mass fragments .", "The machine will perform fewer scans per second because each scan will take more time to detect a wider...
[ "By far the most common and perhaps standard form of ionization is electron ionization ( EI ) .", "The most common type of ionization is electron ionization ( EI ) ." ]
[ "Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS ) is an analytical method that combines the features of gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify different substances within a test sample .", "Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS ) combines the features of gas-liquid chromatography ( GC ) ...
[ "The difference in the chemical properties between different molecules in a mixture and their relative affinity for the stationary phase of the column will promote separation of the molecules as the sample travels the length of the column .", "The difference in the chemical properties between different molecules ...
[ "The use of 70 eV facilitates comparison of generated spectra with library spectra using manufacturer-supplied software or software developed by the National Institute of Standards ( NIST-USA ) .", "( The library spectra can come from manufacturer-supplied software or software developed by the National Institute ...
[ "During instrument method development it may be common to first analyze test solutions in full scan mode to determine the retention time and the mass fragment fingerprint before moving to a SIM instrument method .", "This checks the GC retention time and the mass fragment fingerprint before moving to a SIM instru...
[ "In selected ion monitoring ( SIM ) certain ion fragments are entered into the instrument method and only those mass fragments are detected by the mass spectrometer .", "In selected ion monitoring ( SIM ) , the instrument method focuses on certain ion fragments ." ]
[ "The molecular fragmentation pattern is dependant upon the electron energy applied to the system , typically 70 eV ( electron Volts ) .", "The molecular fragmentation pattern depends on the electron energy applied to the system , typically 70 eV ( electron Volts ) ." ]
[ "Therefore , when an identifying mass spectrum appears at a characteristic retention time in a GC-MS analysis , it typically increases certainty that the analyte of interest is in the sample .", "Therefore , if a mass spectrum matches the analyte of interest , the retention time of that spectrum can be checked ag...
[ "In 1964 , Electronic Associates , Inc. ( EAI ) , a leading U.S. supplier of analog computers , began development of a computer controlled quadrupole mass spectrometer under the direction of Robert E. Finnigan .", "In 1964 , EAI began development of a computer-controlled mass spectrometer under the direction of R...
[ "The electrons bombard the molecules , causing the molecule to fragment in a characteristic and reproducible way .", "The electrons hit the molecules , causing the molecule to fragment in a characteristic way that can be repeated ." ]
[ "These two components , used together , allow a much finer degree of substance identification than either unit used separately .", "These two machines , used together , allow a much finer precision of substance identification than either unit used separately ." ]
[ "Other detectors may be encountered such as time of flight ( TOF ) , tandem quadrupoles ( MS-MS ) ( see below ) , or in the case of an ion trap MSn where n indicates the number mass spectrometry stages .", "Other detectors are used such as time of flight ( TOF ) , tandem quadrupoles ( MS-MS ) ( see below ) , or i...
[ "Spectral library searches employ matching algorithms such as Probability Based Matching and dot-product matching that are used with methods of analysis written by many method standardization agencies .", "The software searches the library spectra using a matching algorithm such as Probability Based Matching or d...
[ "To additionally confirm the likelihood of a potentially positive result , it is relatively important to be sure that the ion ratios of the various mass fragments are comparable to a known reference standard .", "To improve the chances of reading a positive result correctly , the ion ratios of the various mass fr...
[ "The mass spectrometry process normally requires a very pure sample while gas chromatography using a traditional detector ( e.g. Flame ionization detector ) can not differentiate between multiple molecules that happen to take the same amount of time to travel through the column ( i.e. have the same retention time )...
[ "In 1967 , the Finnigan Instrument Corporation was formed and in early 1968 , delivered the first prototype quadrupole GC\\/MS instruments to Stanford and Purdue University .", "In early 1968 , delivered the first prototype quadrapole GC-MS instruments to Stanford and Purdue University ." ]
[ "A non-specific test merely indicates that a substance falls into a category of substances .", "A non-specific test only says that categories of substances are in the sample ." ]
[ "One of the main benefits of using chemical ionization is that a mass fragment closely corresponding to the molecular weight of the analyte of interest is produced .", "This is because CI produces at least one mass fragment with a weight , that is nearly the same as the molecular weight of the analyte of interest...
[ "The most common type of mass spectrometer ( MS ) associated with a gas chromatograph ( GC ) is the quadrupole mass spectrometer , sometimes referred to by the Hewlett-Packard ( now Agilent ) trade name `` Mass Selective Detector '' ( MSD ) .", "Hewlett-Packard ( now Agilent ) markets it under trade name `` Mass ...
[ "The development of affordable and miniaturized computers has helped in the simplification of the use of this instrument , as well as allowed great improvements in the amount of time it takes to analyze a sample .", "The development of small computers has helped in the simplification of GC-MS machines ." ]
[ "The song is ranked # 387 on the Rolling Stone magazine 's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time .", "The song is ranked # 377 on the Rolling Stone magazine 's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time ." ]
[ "Ray Charles ' recording hit number one for two weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 , beginning on Monday , October 9 , 1961 .", "Ray Charles 's song was number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 in fall of 1961 ." ]
[ "They were mostly middle-ranking courtesans , and only semiprofessional entertainers-unlike the dancers of the 1890s , such as La Goulue and Jane Avril , who were highly paid for their appearances at the Moulin Rouge and elsewhere .", "The dancers of the 1890s , such as La Goulue and Jane Avril , were highly paid...
[ "The Infernal Galop from Jacques Offenbach 's Orpheus in the Underworld is the tune most associated with the can-can .", "The Galop from Jacques Offenbach 's Orpheus in the Underworld is the tune most often played with the can-can ( a somewhat simplified form and a more evolved one Can-Can ( Orpheus in the Underw...
[ "The can-can ( sometimes non-hyphenated as in the original French : cancan French pronunciation : ( kɑ̃kɑ̃ ) ) is a high-energy and physically demanding music hall dance , traditionally performed by a chorus line of female dancers who wear costumes with long skirts , petticoats , and black stockings .", "The can-...
[ "The female dancers of the Second Empire and the fin de siècle developed the various cancan moves that were later incorporated by the choreographer Pierre Sandrini in the spectacular `` French Cancan '' , which he devised at the Moulin Rouge in the 1920s and presented at his own Bal Tabarin from 1928 .", "The fem...
[ "It is estimated to contain 1 % of the total mass of the asteroid belt .", "Juno is an S-type asteroid , and is estimated to contain 1 % of the total mass of the asteroid belt ." ]
[ "Juno was discovered on September 1 , 1804 , by German astronomer Karl L. Harding .", "3 Juno is a main belt asteroid discovered by Karl Ludwig Harding on September 1 , 1804 ." ]
[ "3 Juno is named after the mythological Juno , the highest Roman goddess .", "Juno was the third asteroid discovered in the Solar System and is named after Juno , the Roman goddess that is the queen of all gods ." ]
[ "The source code was later re-released under the GNU General Public License in 1999 .", "It is written mostly in C . The source code has been released for free under the GNU General Public License ." ]
[ "These moths have several unusual features .", "These moths have many unusual features ." ]
[ "All three species are commonly observed raiding beehives of different species of honey bee for honey ; A. atropos only attacks colonies of the well-known Western honey bee , Apis mellifera .", "All three species are commonly seen raiding beehives of different species of honey bee for honey , but A. atropos only ...
[ "All three species have three larval color forms : typically , green , brown , and yellow .", "All three species have three larval color forms : usually green , brown , or yellow ." ]
[ "None of the three species is restricted to a single family of host plant ; hosts are typically of the families Solanaceae , Verbenaceae , Oleaceae , Bignoniaceae , and others .", "Many of the types of plants used are in the families Solanaceae , Verbenaceae , Oleaceae , Bignoniaceae , and others ." ]
[ "The sound is produced by expelling air from the pharynx , often accompanied by flashing of the brightly colored abdomen in a further attempt to deter predators .", "The sound is made by moving air from the pharynx , often along with the flashing of the brightly-colored abdomen in a further attempt to deter preda...
[ "All three species have the ability to emit a loud squeak if irritated .", "All three species can make a loud squeak if irritated ." ]
[ "They can move about in hives without being disturbed because they mimic the scent of the bees .", "They are able to move about in hives unhurt because they mimic the scent of the bees ." ]
[ "All three species are fairly similar in size , coloration , and life cycle .", "All three species are about the same in size , coloration , and life cycle ." ]
[ "Eggs are laid singly under old leaves of a host plant and are green or grey-blue .", "Eggs are laid one by one under old leaves of the hostplant , and are green or grey-blue ." ]
[ "The larvae are stout , reaching 120-130 mm , with a prominent tail horn .", "The larvae are strong , reaching 120-130 mm , with a tail horn that stands out or can be seen easily ." ]
[ "The name Death 's - head Hawkmoth refers to any one of the three moth species of the genus Acherontia ( Acherontia atropos , Acherontia styx and Acherontia lachesis ) .", "The ( A. atropos , A. styx and A. lachesis ) , and are in the genus Acherontia ." ]
[ "The novel has been the subject of interpretations primarily focusing on the historical role of book burning in suppressing dissenting ideas .", "Over the years , the novel has been subject to various interpretations , primarily focusing on the historical role of book burning in suppressing dissenting ideas ." ]
[ "Fahrenheit 451 is a dystopian novel by Ray Bradbury published in 1953 .", "Fahrenheit 451 is a dystopian fiction novel ." ]
[ "François Truffaut wrote and directed a film adaptation of the novel in 1966 , and a BBC Radio dramatization was produced in 1982 .", "A movie version of the novel was released in 1966 , and at least two BBC Radio 4 dramatizations have also been aired , both of which follow the book very closely ." ]
[ "On 1 April 1944 Schaffhausen suffered a bombing raid by United States Army Air Forces aircraft which strayed from German airspace into neutral Switzerland due to navigation errors .", "On April 1 , 1944 , Schaffhausen suffered a bombing raid by United States Army Air Forces aircraft which strayed from German air...
[ "Schaffhausen was a city state in the Middle Ages , documented to have struck its own coins from 1045 .", "Schaffhausen was a city state in the Middle Ages , documented to have struck its own coins starting in 1045 ." ]
[ "Schaffhausen is located in a finger of Swiss territory surrounded on three sides by Germany .", "Schaffhausen is in a finger of Swiss territory surrounded on three sides by Germany ." ]
[ "Schaffhausen hosts some well-known industrial companies like Georg Fischer ( piping systems , machine tools and automotives ) , an internationally reputed manufacturer of watches ( IWC ) , pharmaceutical industry ( Cilag , founded by Bernhard Joos ) and BB Biotech ( biotechnologies ) .", "Schaffhausen has some w...
[ "Schaffhausen ( German : Schaffhausen ( help · info ) , Swiss German : Schafuuse , French : Schaffhouse , Italian : Sciaffusa ) is a city in northern Switzerland and the capital of the canton of the same name ; it has an estimated population of 34,587 as of December 2008 ( update ) .", "Schaffhausen is a city in ...
[ "The class of weapon as it exists today evolved as a hybrid between a submachine gun and a carbine , retaining the compact size and ammunition capacity of the former while adding the power , accuracy and penetration of the latter .", "The class of weapon as it exists today evolved as a hybrid between a submachine...
[ "A personal defense weapon ( PDW ) is a compact semi-automatic or fully automatic firearm similar in most respects to a submachine gun , but firing a ( often proprietary ) rifle round , giving a PDW better range , accuracy and armor-penetrating capability than submachine guns , which fire pistol-caliber cartridges ...
[ "Denim is the color of denim cloth , which after being dyed with indigo dye , is used to make jeans .", "Indigo dye also is used to dye denim cloth , which is used to make what are called blue jeans ( they should really be called indigo jeans ) ." ]
[ "The color electric indigo is a bright and saturated color between the traditional indigo and violet .", "Indigo is a hue lying between blue and violet ." ]
[ "Like many other colors ( orange , rose , and violet are the best-known ) , indigo gets its name from an object in the natural world-the plant named indigo once used for dyeing cloth ( see also Indigo dye ) .", "Indigo is a dye made from the indigo plant , used to dye cloth ." ]
[ "The color of indigo dye is a different color than either spectrum indigo or pigment indigo .", "The name of the color indigo originally came from the indigo plant ." ]
[ "Isaac Newton introduced indigo as one of the seven colors in his spectrum .", "Isaac Newton named and defined indigo as a spectrum color when he divided up the spectrum into the seven colors of the rainbow ." ]
[ "This color is also called deep indigo .", "This shade of indigo , called indigo dye ( shown at left above in the picture and in the color chart below ) , is darker than the spectrum indigo shown above ." ]
[ "Cicero is considered one of the most significant rhetoricians of all time .", "Cicero was one of their famous orators ." ]
[ "Common usage of the term often refers to any hard-walled , edible kernel as a nut .", "Everyday common usage of the term often refers to any hard-walled , edible kernel as a nut ." ]
[ "A nut in botany is a simple dry fruit with one seed ( rarely two ) in which the ovary wall becomes very hard ( stony or woody ) at maturity , and where the seed remains attached or fused with the ovary wall .", "A nut in botany is a simple dry fruit with one seed ( rarely two ) ." ]
[ "Most seeds come from fruits that naturally free themselves from the shell , unlike nuts such as hazelnuts , chestnuts , and acorns , which have hard shell walls and originate from a compound ovary .", "But nuts ( such as hazelnuts , hickories , chestnuts and acorns ) have a stony fruit wall which keeps the seed ...