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[ "But the British historian Henry Kamen writes that these territories were never part of a `` Spanish '' state and instead formed part of the wider Habsburg estate .", "However , authors like the British historian Henry Kamen contend that these territories were not fully integrated into a Spanish state and instead...
[ "Therefore many historians use both `` Habsburg '' and `` Spanish '' when they speak of the empire of Charles V or Philip II .", "Some historians use `` Habsburg '' and `` Spanish '' almost interchangeably when referring to the dynastic inheritance of Charles V or Philip II ." ]
[ "By the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494 , the globe was divided into two hemispheres between Spain and Portugal .", "Spain 's claim to these lands was solidified by the Inter caetera papal bull of 1493 , and by the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494 , in which the globe was divided into two hemispheres between Spanish a...
[ "Columbus instead `` discovered '' America . That was the start of the Spanish colonization of the continent .", "Columbus instead `` inadvertently '' discovered the Americas , inaugurating the Spanish colonization of the continent ." ]
[ "For instance , traditionally , territiories such as the Low Countries or Spanish Netherlands were included as they were part of the possessions of the King of Spain , governed by Spanish officials and defended by Spanish troops .", "For instance , normally the Dutch Republic or Seven United Netherlands are inclu...
[ "The Castilian Empire was the result of a period of rapid colonial expansion into the New World , as well as the Philippines and colonies in Africa : Melilla was captured by Castile in 1497 and Oran in 1509 .", "The Spanish Empire was the result of a period of rapid colonial expansion into the New World , and col...
[ "Therefore Spain had the right to start colonies in all of the New World from Alaska to Cape Horn ( except Brazil ) , as well as Asia .", "These actions gave Spain exclusive rights to establish colonies in all of the New World from Alaska to Cape Horn ( except Brazil ) , as well as the easternmost parts of Asia ....
[ "Internists may also specialize in allergy and immunology .", "Internists may also specialize in `` allergy '' and `` immunology . ''" ]
[ "In the United States , there are two organizations responsible for certification of subspecialists within the field , the American Board of Internal Medicine , and the American Osteopathic Board of Internal Medicine .", "In the United States , two organizations are responsible for certification of subspecialists...
[ "Melissa Rivers ( born on January 20 , 1968 ) is an American actress and television co-host for fashion\\/red carpet interviews on cable and satellite television , previously for the E ! cable network and currently for the TV Guide channel with her mother , comedian Joan Rivers .", "Melissa Joan Rivers ( born Jan...
[ "A legal case is a dispute between two parties that is resolved by a court or other legal process .", "A legal case is a dispute between opposing parties resolved by a court , or by some equivalent legal process ." ]
[ "Mellikon is a municipality of the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .", "Mellikon is a municipality in the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland ." ]
[ "July 2 and August 16 are the dates when the Palio di Siena is held . The Palio is a traditional medieval horse race is run around the Piazza del Campo each year .", "The Palio di Siena is a traditional medieval horse race run around the Piazza del Campo twice each year , on 2 July and 16 August ." ]
[ "Basketball and football are popular in Siena .", "Basketball and football are perhaps the most popular in Siena ." ]
[ "This event is attended by large crowds , and is showed on tv .", "The event is attended by large crowds , and is widely televised ." ]
[ "Seventeen Contrade run for the prize , a painted flag , or Palio bearing an image of the Blessed Virgin Mary .", "Seventeen Contrade ( which are city neighborhoods originally formed as battalions for the city 's defense ) vie for the trophy : a painted banner , or Palio bearing an image of the Blessed Virgin Mar...
[ "Lordi is a Finnish Heavy metal band , which won the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 with the song `` Hard Rock Hallelujah '' .", "Lordi represented Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 finals in Athens with the song `` Hard Rock Hallelujah '' ." ]
[ "Cushman is a city of the state of Arkansas in the United States of America .", "Cushman is a town in Independence County , Arkansas , United States ." ]
[ "Scotch whisky is legally defined by Scotch Whisky Order of 1990 ( UK ) , and the Scotch Whisky Act of 1988 , .", "`` Scotch '' is the internationally recognized ( or recognized ) term for `` Scotch whisky '' . It is rarely used in Scotland , where the drink is called simply `` whisky '' ." ]
[ "Cryolite is a rare mineral that consists of sodium fluoride and aluminium fluoride bonded . It is used in the production of aluminium .", "Now , as natural cryolite is too rare to be used for this purpose , synthetic sodium aluminium fluoride is produced from the common mineral fluorite ." ]
[ "after his championship win , Swagger changed into a more serious Swagger which was different from his last persona , where he was known for doing pushups and beating his chest during his ring entrance .", "Following his championship win , Swagger began to develop a more serious persona : previously he had been k...
[ "Hager was recruited to the University of Oklahoma as a two-sport athlete , playing as a defensive tackle in football and a heavyweight wrestler .", "Hager was recruited to the University of Oklahoma as a two-sport athlete ." ]
[ "He quickly made himself a villain when he did not let the referee hold up his arm after the win , and later started a rivalry with Tommy Dreamer by attacking him after Dreamer had saved Chase Stevens from Mike Knox .", "He immediately established himself as a heel ( villainous character ) by starting a feud with...
[ "During his junior year , he met Jim Ross , who was then World Wrestling Entertainment 's Head of Talent Relations , and Ross encouraged Hager to contact him after graduating .", "During his junior year , he met Jim Ross , who was then World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) 's Head of Talent Relations , and Ross e...
[ "On the episode of Raw after WrestleMania , Swagger tried to cash in his Money in the Bank contract on John Cena , but changed his mind when he saw that Cena was not hurt enough for Swagger to beat .", "On the first episode of Raw following WrestleMania , Swagger tried to cash in his Money in the Bank contract ag...
[ "He started for OVW , by defeating Atlas DaBone , and in the following months began a rivalry with K.C. James Hager began teaming with a multitude of opponents to feud with James and his tag team partner Cassidy James .", "He debuted for the promotion by defeating Atlas DaBone , and in the following months began ...
[ "In 2006 , as an All-American wrestler , he set the single season record for most pins at 30 , and graduated from the University of Oklahoma with a Bachelor 's Degree in Finance .", "In 2006 , as an All-American wrestler , he made 30 pins , setting the record for most pins in a single season ." ]
[ "He trained in WWE 's developmental territory Florida Championship Wrestling ( FCW ) , where he was the first FCW Florida Heavyweight Champion .", "He made his debut for the WWE developmental territory Deep South Wrestling in September , and was moved to the Ohio Valley Wrestling territory in January 2007 . A few...
[ "As the match had never started , Swagger kept the contract for use at a future date .", "As the match had never started , Swagger retained the contract for use at a future date ." ]
[ "He later defeated Dreamer in a wrestling match and an `` All American Challenge '' competition .", "He later defeated Dreamer in a wrestling match and an `` Amateur Wrestling Challenge '' competition ." ]
[ "On the January 13 , 2009 episode of ECW , Swagger defeated Hardy to win the ECW Championship , which is his first title in WWE .", "In 2009 , on the January 13 episode of ECW , Swagger defeated Hardy to win his first title in WWE , the ECW Championship ." ]
[ "Swagger cashed in his Money in the Bank contract during the SmackDown taping on March 30 , 2010 , after the World Heavyweight Champion Chris Jericho had been speared by Edge .", "Swagger cashed in the contract during the SmackDown taping on March 30 , 2010 , after the World Heavyweight Champion Chris Jericho had...
[ "In 2006 , Hager had a WWE tryout in Deep South Wrestling , and in September 2006 , Hager made his in-ring debut for Deep South Wrestling defeating Antonio Mestre in a dark match .", "In 2006 , Hager had a WWE tryout in Deep South Wrestling ( DSW ) , and in September 2006 , under his real name , he made his in-ri...
[ "He competed mainly in dark matches , before being moved to Ohio Valley Wrestling in January 2007 .", "He competed mainly in dark matches , before being moved to Ohio Valley Wrestling ( OVW ) in January 2007 ." ]
[ "After weeks of fighting , the two ended their rivalry in an Extreme Rules match , which Swagger won to extend his undefeated streak .", "After weeks of feuding , their rivalry ended in November in an Extreme Rules match , which Swagger won to extend his undefeated streak in ECW ." ]
[ "On March 22 , 2008 , Hager went against the FCW Southern Heavyweight Champion Heath Miller , in New Port Richey , Florida , to determine the true Heavyweight Champion .", "On March 22 , 2008 , Hager went against the FCW Southern Heavyweight Champion Heath Miller in New Port Richey , Florida to determine the true...
[ "On the March 1 episode of Raw , Swagger beat Santino Marella to wrestle in the Money in the Bank ladder match at WrestleMania XXVI . At WrestleMania , Swagger won the Money in the Bank ladder match , winning a contract for any WWE world championship that he could use at any time over the next year .", "On the Ma...
[ "He then set his sights on Matt Hardy 's ECW Championship , and was named the number one contender on the December 30 , 2008 edition of ECW .", "He then sought to challenge Matt Hardy for the ECW Championship and was named the number one contender on the December 30 episode of ECW ." ]
[ "At the Fatal 4-Way pay-per-view on June 20 , he lost the championship to Rey Mysterio in a fatal four-way match , which also had CM Punk and The Big Show .", "At the Fatal 4-Way pay-per-view on June 20 , he lost the championship to Rey Mysterio in a fatal four-way match , also involving CM Punk and The Big Show ...
[ "At Over the Limit , Swagger kept the title against The Big Show by disqualifying himself .", "At Over the Limit , Swagger retained the title against The Big Show by intentionally disqualifying himself ." ]
[ "On September 9 , 2008 , Hager made his start on the ECW brand under the ring name Jack Swagger , winning a match against a local wrestler .", "On September 9 , 2008 , Hager made his debut on the ECW brand under the ring name Jack Swagger , winning a match against a jobberâ '' a wrestler who consistently loses to...
[ "On February 15 , 2008 , Hager defeated Ted DiBiase , Jr. in Tampa , Florida at the Florida State Fair to become the first-ever FCW Florida Heavyweight Champion . Earlier in the night , DiBiase and Hager were the final two men remaining in a 23-man battle royal to determine the two championship contenders .", "On...
[ "His undefeated streak in singles matches ended on the February 3 episode of ECW , when he lost to Finlay .", "His undefeated streak in singles competition ended on the February 3 episode of ECW when he lost to Finlay in a non-title match ." ]
[ "Jacob `` Jake '' Hager ( born December 3 , 1982 ) is an American professional wrestler , currently signed to World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and wrestling under the name Jack Swagger on the Raw brand .", "Jacob `` Jake '' Hager ( born March 24 , 1982 ) is an American professional wrestler . He is signed to...
[ "His first loss came in the form of a Raw dark match , at the TV taping on August 18 , 2008 when he lost to William Regal .", "His first loss came in the form of a Raw dark match , at the TV taping on August 18 , 2008 , when he lost to William Regal ." ]
[ "He defended his championship against Edge and Jericho in a triple threat match on the April 16 episode of SmackDown , and against Randy Orton in an Extreme Rules match at the Extreme Rules pay-per-view .", "He successfully defended his championship against Edge and Jericho in a triple threat match on the April 1...
[ "In August 2007 , Hager went back to Florida Championship Wrestling , where he began a rivalry with TJ Wilson .", "In August 2007 , Hager was reassigned to Florida Championship Wrestling ( FCW ) , where he began a feud with TJ Wilson ." ]
[ "Both titles were on the line and Hager defeated Miller to become the undisputed heavyweight champion in Florida Championship Wrestling .", "Both championships were on the line , and Hager defeated Miller to become the undisputed heavyweight champion in FCW ." ]
[ "Dew Process is an independent record label from Brisbane , Australia . It was started by Paul Piticco , who still works for the company today .", "Dew Process is an Australian independent record label based in Brisbane , Queensland founded by Paul Piticco ." ]
[ "Dew Process is distributed by Universal Music Australia in Australia and New Zealand .", "Dew Process is an independently managed label , distributed in Australia and New Zealand by Universal Music Australia ." ]
[ "Scenario paintball is a type of paintball game where act things out while playing paintball to a predefined storyline . Scenario paintball games can be anywhere from 6 to 48 hours .", "Scenario paintball is a type of paintball game in which players participate in a scenario , or story ; and may include historica...
[ "Scenario paintball is a type of paintball game where act things out while playing paintball to a predefined storyline .", "Like all forms of paintball , scenario paintball has a very good per-capita safety record ." ]
[ "It is situated 23.7 miles ( 38.1 km ) north west of Charing Cross and is the second most westerly station on the whole London Underground system , after Chesham", "It is situated 23.7 miles ( 38.1 km ) north west of Charing Cross making it the farthest Underground station from central London and the second most ...
[ "Webern made a transcription for orchestra of a ricercar from Bach 's Musical Offering .", "Webern used his transcription for orchestra of the six-part ricercar from Bach 's Musical Offering to analyze the structure of the Bach piece , by using different instruments to play different subordinate motifs of Bach 's...
[ "Ravel 's transcribed Mussorgsky 's piano piece Pictures at an Exhibition for orchestra .", "The most widely known example of this is Ravel 's arrangement for orchestra of Mussorgsky 's piano piece Pictures at an Exhibition ." ]
[ "The Cadillac Escalade is a large , luxury SUV .", "The Cadillac Escalade is a full-size luxury sport utility vehicle ( SUV ) sold by the General Motors luxury brand , Cadillac . It was the division 's first major entry into the popular SUV market ." ]
[ "It is manufactured by General Motors and was released in 1999 to compete with German and Japanese competitors and to Ford 's 1998 release of the Lincoln Navigator .", "The Escalade was introduced for the 1999 model year in response to German and Japanese competitors and to Ford 's 1998 release of the Lincoln Nav...
[ "The Escalade and Escalade EXT pickup are the two of only three Cadillac vehicles that are made outside of the United States .", "Today , the Escalade and Escalade EXT pickup are two of only three Cadillac vehicles made outside of the United States ." ]
[ "It will also connect to Marina South via a spur line branching off from Promenade and ending at Marina Bay .", "It will also include a branch line beginning at Promenade Station and ending at Marina Bay Station ." ]
[ "Circle Line is not a full circle , and the Stage 6 will only merge the section from Marina Bay to HarbourFront .", "Despite the name , the Circle Line is not actually a full circle , as there will be no through service on the section between Harbourfront and Marina Bay or Dhoby Ghaut ." ]
[ "Ergny is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .", "Ergny is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]
[ "The Royal Observatory , Greenwich ( Royal Greenwich Observatory or ` RGO ' ) was commissioned in 1675 by King Charles II .", "The Royal Observatory , Greenwich ( formerly the Royal Greenwich Observatory or RGO ) , in London , England played a major role in the history of astronomy and navigation , and is best kn...
[ "He was to `` apply himself with the most exact care and diligence to the rectifying of the tables of the motions of the heavens , and the places of the fixed stars , so as to find out the so much desired longitude of places for the perfecting of the art of navigation '' .", "At this time the king also created th...
[ "Bladder cancer is cancer arising in the bladder .", "In the United States , bladder cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer in men and the ninth most common cancer in women . More than 50,000 men and 16,000 women are diagnosed with bladder cancer each year ." ]
[ "In England , this is a term for a shirt that is worn with a tuxedo .", "In the U.S. , this shirt is often called a tuxedo shirt or tux ." ]
[ "In modern historiography this period is known as the Swedish Empire , or stormaktstiden ( `` the era of great power '' ) .", "In modern historiography the period is known as the Swedish Empire , in Swedish : Stormaktstiden , literally meaning `` the Great Power Era '' ." ]
[ "Swedish Empire was , between 1611 and 1718 , one of the great powers of Europe .", "The Kingdom of Sweden , between 1611 and 1718 , was one of the great powers of Europe ." ]
[ "It was also made into a left-right sweeper . A gravel trap was added to the limited space on the outside of the corner .", "The flat-out Tamburello corner was reduced to a 4th gear left-right sweeper , and a gravel trap was added to the limited space on the outside of the corner ." ]
[ "Tamburello was very bumpy and had very little room between the track and a concrete wall . The wall protected a creek that ran behind the corner .", "Despite the addition of the chicanes , the circuit was subject to constant safety concerns , mostly regarding the flat-out Tamburello corner , which was very bumpy...
[ "When Formula One visits Imola , it is considered the ` home circuit ' of Ferrari and a large group of tifosi ( Ferrari supporters ) come out to support the local team .", "When Formula One visits Imola , it is seen as the ` home circuit ' of Ferrari and masses of tifosi ( Ferrari supporters ) come out to support...
[ "In June 2008 , with most of the reconstruction work done , FIA gave the track `` 1T '' rating , meaning that an official F1 test can be held there .", "In June 2008 , with most of the reconstruction work completed , The FIA gave the track a `` 1T '' rating , meaning that an official Formula One Test can be held ...
[ "In San Marino Grand Prix , Nelson Piquet had an accident at the corner during practice . He missed the race due to his injuries .", "In 1987 , Nelson Piquet had an accident there during practice and missed the race due to injury ." ]
[ "SAGIS is the company that owns the circuit . They hoped that the race would be reinstated at the October 2006 meeting of the FIA World Motorsport Council .", "SAGIS , the company that owns the circuit , hoped that the race would be reinstated at the October 2006 meeting of the FIA World Motorsport Council and sc...
[ "The track also hosted the 2008 World Touring Car Championship Race of Europe , on September 21 , 2008 .", "The circuit hosted the 2008 WTCC Race of Europe , on 21 September 2008 ." ]
[ "It was the host for the Formula One San Marino Grand Prix . The Italian Grand Prix has been held in Italy since the start of Formula One .", "It was the venue for the Formula One San Marino Grand Prix ( for many years two Grands Prix were held in Italy every year , so the race held at Imola was named after the n...
[ "The circuit is named after Ferrari 's late founder Enzo , and his son Dino who had died in the 1950s .", "The circuit is named after Ferrari 's late founder Enzo and his son Dino who had died in the 1950s ." ]
[ "Imola is one of the few major international circuits to run in an anti-clockwise ( counter-clockwise ) direction .", "Imola , as it is colloquially known , is one of the few major international circuits to run in an anti-clockwise direction ." ]
[ "Because of fast response , Berger survived with only burns on his hands . Berger only missed one race , the Monaco Grand Prix .", "The car caught fire after the heavy impact , which in fact split the monocoque , but thanks to the quick work of the firefighters and medical personnel Berger survived and missed onl...
[ "The pitlane has been extended and reworked . The old pit garages and paddock have been completely rebuilt .", "The old pit garages and paddock have been demolished and completely rebuilt - the pitlane extended and resurfaced - the reconstruction overseen by German track architect Hermann Tilke ." ]
[ "Before the 2006 Grand Prix , the kerbs were lowered and the turn itself was tightened to reduce speeds .", "Before the 2006 Grand Prix , the kerbs were lowered considerably and the turn itself was tightened to reduce speeds and hopefully reduce the number of accidents at the chicane ." ]
[ "Other anti-clockwise circuits include Istanbul Park , Singapore 's Marina Bay , Autà dromo Josà Carlos Pace , and Yas Marina Circuit .", "( Istanbul Racing Circuit , Singapore 's Marina Bay , Autà dromo Josà Carlos Pace at Interlagos , Brazil , and the Yas Marina Circuit , for the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix are other ...
[ "Variante Alta is at the top of the hill leading down to Rivazza . It has the hardest braking point on the lap .", "Another modification made to the Imola track is that of the famous Variante Alta which is situated at the top of the hill leading down to Rivazza and has the hardest braking point on the lap ." ]
[ "In the San Marino Grand Prix , Gerhard Berger crashed his Ferrari at Tamburello after the front wing broke .", "In the 1989 San Marino Grand Prix , Gerhard Berger crashed his Ferrari at Tamburello after a front wing failure ." ]
[ "To retain some of the character of the old circuit , the slow chicane at Acqua Minerale was eliminated .", "In an attempt to retain some of the quickness and character of the old circuit , the arduous chicane at Acqua Minerale was eliminated , and the Variante Bassa was straighten up into a single chicane ." ]
[ "Germanicus 's legions inflicted huge casualties on the Germanic armies while sustaining only minor losses .", "Germanicus 's legions inflicted huge casualties on the allied Germanic armies while sustaining only minor losses ." ]
[ "'' ... Stratagem was , therefore , indispensable ; and it was necessary to blind Varus to their schemes until a favorable opportunity should arrive for striking a decisive blow ... '' British historian Edward Shepherd Creasy ( 1812 -- 1878 )", "'' ... Stratagem was , therefore , indispensable ; and it was necess...
[ "It was then suddenly attacked by Germanic warriors who were carrying some light swords , large lances and spears that came with short and narrow blades , so sharp and warrior friendly that they could be used as required .", "It was then suddenly attacked by Germanic warriors who were carrying some light swords ,...
[ "Though their shock at the slaughter was great , the Romans immediately began a slow , systematic process of preparing to reconquer the country .", "Though the shock at the slaughter was enormous , the Romans immediately began a slow , systematic process of preparing for the reconquest of the country ." ]
[ "In 1808 , the German author Heinrich von Kleist 's play Die Hermannsschlacht aroused anti-Napoleonic sentiment , even though it could not be performed under French occupation .", "In 1808 the German Heinrich von Kleist 's play Die Hermannsschlacht aroused anti-Napoleonic sentiment , even though it could not be p...
[ "While Varus was on his way from his summer camp , west of the Weser river , to the winter headquarters near the Rhine , he heard reports of a local rebellion .", "While Varus was on his way from his summer camp somewhere west of the Weser river to the winter headquarters near the Rhine , he heard reports of a lo...
[ "There , the sandy , open strip on which the Romans could march easily narrowed at the bottom of the hill . There was a gap of only about 100 m between the woods and the swampland at the edge of the Great Bog .", "There , the sandy , open strip on which the Romans could march easily was constricted by the hill , ...
[ "'' ... This was represented to Varus as an occasion which required his prompt attendance at the spot ; but he was kept in studied ignorance of its being part of a concerted national rising ; and he still looked on Arminius as his submissive vassal ... '' Edward Shepherd Creasy", "'' ... This was represented to V...
[ "Under Germanicus , the Romans marched another army , along with allied Germanic soldiers , into Germania again in 16 AD .", "Under Germanicus , the Romans marched another army , along with allied Germanic auxiliaries , into Germania again in 16 CE ." ]
[ "With his main goals reached and winter coming , Germanicus ordered his army back to their winter camps , with the fleet incurring some damage from a storm in the North Sea .", "With his main objectives reached and winter approaching , Germanicus ordered his army back to their winter camps , with the fleet incurr...
[ "The victory over the legions was followed by a clean sweep of all Roman forts , garrisons and cities â `` of which there were at least two â `` east of the Rhine . The remaining two Roman legions in Germany were stationed in a fort at Mainz , and commanded by Varus ' nephew .", "The victory over the legions was ...
[ "The three legion numbers were never used again by the Romans after this defeat , unlike other legions that were restructured â `` a case unique in Roman history .", "The three legion numbers were never used again by the Romans after this defeat , unlike other legions that were restructured - a case unique in Rom...
[ "One final battle was fought at the Angivarian Wall west of modern Hanover , and again many Germanic soldiers were killed , which forced them to flee .", "One final battle was fought at the Angivarian Wall west of modern Hanover , repeating the pattern of high Germanic fatalities , which forced them to flee ." ]
[ "The road was blocked by a trench , and , towards the forest , an earthen wall had been built along the roadside . This let the tribesmen to attack the Romans from cover .", "Moreover , the road was blocked by a trench , and , towards the forest , an earthen wall had been built along the roadside , permitting the...
[ "The line of march was dangerously stretched out â `` estimates are that it was more than 15 km ( 9 miles ) , and was perhaps as long as 20 km ( 12 miles ) .", "The line of march was now stretched out perilously long â '' estimates are that it surpassed 15 km ( 9 miles ) , and was perhaps as long as 20 km ( 12 mi...
[ "In summer 16 AD , Caius Silius marched against the Chatti with 33,000 men .", "In summer 16 CE , Caius Silius marched against the Chatti with 33,000 men ." ]