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2021-07-01 | Abstract The yields of coal liquids (maltenes and asphaltenes) formed upon the heat treatment of three low-metamorphosed Kuzbass coals with different hydrogenation ability parameters in an atmosphere of hydrogen were compared. It was found that the H/C atomic ratios, the yields of volatile substances, the relative maxi... | Thermal Transformations of Low-Metamorphozed Kuzbass Coals in Different Atmospheres and Prediction of Coal Hydrogenation Ability in Direct Liquefaction Processes | 10.3103/S036152192104008X |
2021-07-01 | In this paper, a voltage mode all-pass filter design employing floating current sources (FCS) is proposed. The presented all-pass filter circuit contains two floating current sources, one grounded resistor and one floating capacitor. Furthermore, the PMOS transistors of the FCSs are replaced with dynamic threshold-volt... | DTMOS based low-voltage low-power all-pass filter | 10.1007/s10470-021-01878-z |
2021-07-01 | Abstract This work reports on the results of the studies of the material composition and physical properties of the basement rocks of the West Siberian Plate. It has been shown that the rocks contain bitumens of anthraxolite and kerite groups. We assume that the bitumens create the Late Paleozoic paleodeposit, transfor... | Bitumens as a Cause of the Occurrence of the Low Electrical Resistivity Zones in the Basement Rocks of the West Siberian Plate | 10.3103/S0145875221040062 |
2021-07-01 | Abstract Based on literature and our own data, the effect of boron on the characteristics of all stages of metallurgical processes (from sintering, smelting of cast iron and ferroalloys, to steel production) and on the properties of the resulting slag and metal was studied. To intensify hardening of the pellets at the ... | Prospects for Using Boron in Metallurgy. Report 1 | 10.3103/S0967091221070111 |
2021-07-01 | Abstract To explore a new formulation system of diamond bit matrix, three kinds of Fe-based pre-alloyed powder with low liquid phase content were utilized for the matrix fabrication of impregnated diamond bit (IDB). To this end, the D-optimal mixture design method was employed for the design of the experiment scheme wh... | D-Optimal Mixture Design of Fe-Based Pre-Alloyed Diamond Bit Matrix with Low Liquid Phase Content | 10.3103/S1063457621040080 |
2021-07-01 | Cold pilgering process is a seamless tube forming technology, in which the metal is subjected to a series of small incremental deformations. It has been extensively applied for the manufacturing of cladding tube in nuclear reactors, due to high dimensional accuracy and favorable texture evolution. Notwithstanding, the ... | Shear cracks of Zircaloy tube during cold pilgering: experimental investigation and numerical modeling | 10.1007/s12289-019-01534-y |
2021-07-01 | New finite strain elastoplastic $$J_2$$ J 2 -flow equations with no reference to the yield condition are proposed for the purpose of simultaneously simulating low-to-ultrahigh cycle failure effects of metals. As inherent response features of such new equations, the entire responses up to eventual failure under cyclic a... | High and low cycle fatigue failure effects of metals predicted automatically from innovative elastoplastic equations with high-efficiency algorithms | 10.1007/s00161-020-00945-6 |
2021-07-01 | Multiple displacement amplification (MDA) is a popular single-cell whole-genome amplification (WGA) technique that can greatly improve the amplification efficiency of single-cell genomes. However, there is an inherent problem that cannot be completely solved, that is, the amplification bias. We here propose an improved... | Low bias multiple displacement amplification with confinement effect based on agarose gel | 10.1007/s00216-021-03415-3 |
2021-07-01 | Abstract A study is performed of mixtures of ultra-high-molecular-weight high-density polyethylene (UHMWHDPE; T m = 141°C; enthalpy of fusion, 180 J g −1 ) with 90 wt % low molecular weight component (copper complex of phthalocyanine, anthracene, succinic acid, and spiropyran) in the presence of acid–base indicators (a... | Melting and Crystallization of High-Density Polyethylene Mixed with Organic Acids and Acid–Base Indicators after Plastic Deformation at High Pressures | 10.1134/S0036024421070311 |
2021-07-01 | All-perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs) show great potential for achieving efficiencies beyond the Shockley–Queisser limit owing to their excellent photovoltaic properties and cost effectiveness. In this review, the current status of all-perovskite TSCs as well as recent research progress are introduced with a focus o... | Monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cells: recent progress and challenges | 10.1007/s43207-021-00117-5 |
2021-07-01 | The role of N 2 in the upper atmosphere on the atomic oxygen (AO)-induced erosion of polyimide in low Earth orbit (LEO) and sub-LEO is investigated through ground-based experiments and flight data. The experiment is performed by adding an Ar beam at the same collision energy as an undecomposed O 2 component in the AO b... | Effect of simultaneous N2 collisions on atomic oxygen-induced polyimide erosion in sub-low Earth orbit: comparison of laboratory and SLATS data | 10.1007/s12567-021-00358-4 |
2021-07-01 | Comprehensive studies of tubing made of 36CrMn2Si and 38CrMn steels have shown that 38CrMn steel has better corrosion resistance compared to 36CrMn2Si steel. А reduction in steel silicon content leads to an increase in corrosion resistance. Increased contamination with complex nonmetallic inclusions of unfavorable comp... | Influence of Chemical Composition and Microstructure Parameters of Tubing Steels on their Corrosion Resistance | 10.1007/s11015-021-01157-2 |
2021-07-01 | Abstract The three-phase structure of the solid fermentation substrates is composed by the solid, liquid and gas phases, adjusting the ratio of the three-phase structure has proven to be a strategy that can better serve the growth of microorganisms. In this study, the effect of the three-phase structure of the cultivat... | Three-phase structure analysis of sawdust cultivation substrates and rapid detection of the optimal water environment for Lentinula edodes growth based on LF-NMR | 10.1007/s10570-021-03987-4 |
2021-07-01 | Abstract The effect of complex physicochemical treatment combining low-frequency acoustic action and the use of depressor additives on the composition and viscosity properties of oil sludge was studied. After the complex action, the viscosity of the treated sediments additionally decreased by a factor of 1.5–2, and the... | Physicochemical Treatment of Oil Sediments in Oil Sludge Utilization | 10.3103/S0361521921040042 |
2021-07-01 | Abstract A methanol conversion catalyst based on natural aluminosilicate nanotubes and H–ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized. Its textural, structural, and acid properties were studied by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption–desorption, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and temperature-programmed a... | Micro-Mesoporous Catalyst Based on Natural Aluminosilicate Nanotubes and ZSM-5 Zeolite for Methanol Conversion to Hydrocarbons | 10.1134/S0965544121070082 |
2021-07-01 | Flow boiling experiments in microchannels under low mass fluxes have rarely been reported in the literature. In this study, flow boiling critical heat flux (CHF) for a parallel straight copper microchannel heat sink with 41 channels and hydraulic diameter of 420 µm (width: 300 µm; height: 700 µm) is reported under low ... | Experimental investigation on critical heat flux measurement in parallel microchannel heat sink at low mass fluxes | 10.1007/s12206-021-0641-x |
2021-07-01 | Intentional addition of cheaper oils into olive oil (OL) for economic motivation has been becoming particularly attractive due to the favorable flavor and healthy characteristics of OL, but it is very challenging to identify such adulteration because of the compositional similarity between the oils. In this study, low-... | Rapid Detection of Adulteration in Extra Virgin Olive Oil by Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Combined with Pattern Recognition | 10.1007/s12161-021-01973-x |
2021-07-01 | Abstract — The study presents data on the biology of the marginal population of burbot Lota lota from the lower reaches of the Volga. Individuals aged from 3 to 7 years were recorded in the catches; a relatively short age range is due to mass die-offs of burbot in hot years. Spawning continues from mid-January to mid-F... | Features of Burbor Lota lota (Gadidae) Biology in the Lower Volga | 10.1134/S0032945221040019 |
2021-07-01 | Purpose The analysis of n -alkanes in palaeoenvironmental studies of peatlands is mainly limited to ombrogenous peatlands which are a rare feature in the environment. Using n -alkane and plant macrofossil analysis, we have tracked changes in the environment in the valley of a large Central European river. We tested the... | Impacts of vegetation and palaeohydrological changes on the n-alkane composition of a Holocene peat sequence from the Upper Vistula Valley (southern Poland) | 10.1007/s11368-021-02981-4 |
2021-07-01 | The objective of this study was to determine the role of spring catchment water storage on the evolution of low flows in central European mountainous catchments. The study analysed 58 catchments for which catchment storage, represented by snow, soil water and groundwater storages, was determined by the HBV hydrological... | Catchment Storage and its Influence on Summer Low Flows in Central European Mountainous Catchments | 10.1007/s11269-021-02871-x |
2021-07-01 | Abstract A complex for processing liquid radioactive waste from Mayak chemical metallurgical production plant has been designed, constructed, and put in operation. Pilot trials were performed to test the technology for processing liquid low-level radioactive waste using cross-flow ultrafiltration. The method was found ... | Processing of Liquid Low-Level Radioactive Waste Using Cross-Flow Ultrafiltration at Mayak Production Plant | 10.1134/S0040579521040138 |
2021-07-01 | Abstract The species composition of free-living planktonic ciliates and their distribution in the riverbed of the Middle and Lower Volga reservoirs during the end of the hydrological spring of 2016 and low water period of 2017 have been studied. The tendency of decreasing species diversity of ciliates downstream the ca... | Structure and Spatial Distribution of Planktonic Ciliates from the Middle and Lower Volga Reservoirs | 10.1134/S1995082921030044 |
2021-07-01 | Since the shale matrix has a very low permeability, the flow in the matrix is often transient flow. Hence, conventional reservoir simulators often do not accurately estimate the mass exchange between matrix and fractures. To evaluate the effect of water injection on oil recovery realistically, reservoir simulators need... | Evaluation of Low Salinity Water Injection Improved Oil Recovery in Liquid-Rich Unconventional Reservoirs | 10.1007/s00603-021-02444-9 |
2021-07-01 | This paper presents a power-efficient successive-approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with fast response reference buffer (RV-buffer). Several techniques are applied in the system design to improve the performance of the SAR ADC. A novel timing-redistribution SAR logic is proposed to balance t... | A Power-Efficient SAR ADC with Optimized Timing-Redistribution Asynchronous SAR Logic in 40-nm CMOS | 10.1007/s00034-020-01643-z |
2021-07-01 | 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) is recognized as a highly toxic organic which can cause damage effects on human life and the aquatic environment. Since conventional wastewater techniques were unable to remove non-biodegradable chlorophenols, advanced oxidation process was investigated to achieve this goal. Amongst them, non-ther... | Effect of Gliding Arc Plasma-Induced UV Light During the Photo-Fenton Oxidation of 4-Chlorophenol in Aqueous Solution | 10.1007/s11090-021-10171-w |
2021-07-01 | Purpose In order to increase the efficiency of the low-power holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (LP-HoLEP), and introduce it as a standard surgery for BPH, we described a modified ‘seven-step two-lobe’ HoLEP (ST HoLEP) technique applying 60-W device in a stepwise manner. Methods From July 2016 to August 2019, 12... | ‘Seven-step two-lobe’ HoLEP: a modification to gain efficiency of the enucleation applying relatively low-power holmium laser devices | 10.1007/s00345-020-03470-y |
2021-07-01 | Sustainable development of a community needs to be balanced in all dimensions. Global warming and climate change from human emissions can affect the development of communities including highland communities in Chiang Rai, Thailand in terms of human life, growth and yield of plants and animals. This research presents lo... | Toward a low-carbon tourism for sustainable development: a study based on a royal project for highland community development in Chiang Rai, Thailand | 10.1007/s10668-020-01083-4 |
2021-07-01 | The excitations of nonlinear magnetosonic lump waves induced by orbiting charged space debris particles in the Low Earth Orbital (LEO) plasma region are investigated in the presence of the ambient magnetic field. These nonlinear waves are found to be governed by the forced Kadomtsev–Petviashvili-type model equation, wh... | Accelerated magnetosonic lump wave solutions by orbiting charged space debris | 10.1007/s11071-021-06594-x |
2021-07-01 | Enterococcus faecalis ( E. faecalis ) is an indigenous intestinal bacterium and has potential to be applied as probiotic supplement. Low pH is one of the main stresses that E. faecalis has to deal with to colonize in the gastrointestinal tract. Previous study indicated low concentration of flavonoids may enhance the to... | Transcriptome analysis of Cyclocarya paliurus flavonoids regulation of differently expressed genes in Enterococcus faecalis under low pH stress | 10.1007/s00203-021-02215-8 |
2021-07-01 | A gap exists between clinical practice guidelines and real-world practice. We aim to investigate hospital admissions among patients presenting to emergency departments of 11 hospitals with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Eligible patients’ first emergency department VTE visit were retrospectively collected between 2013 a... | Outpatient management of patients presenting with venous thromboembolism: Retrospective cohort study at 11 community hospitals | 10.1007/s11239-020-02328-9 |
2021-07-01 | A long-duration laboratory study spanning more than 6 months was conducted to evaluate the effect of operating mode on the performance of sand filters for greywater treatment. Performance of saturated and unsaturated filters operated in continuous or intermittent mode was evaluated using settled real greywater. Effects... | Effect of operating mode on the performance of sand filters treating greywater | 10.1007/s11356-021-13413-8 |
2021-07-01 | Substantial pieces of evidence support the potential of exogenous toxins in disrupting neuroimmune homeostasis. It appears that mycotoxins are one of the noticeable sources of naturally occurring substances dysregulating the immune system, which involves the physiology of many organs, such as the central nervous system... | Neuroimmune disruptions from naturally occurring levels of mycotoxins | 10.1007/s11356-021-14146-4 |
2021-07-01 | Hintergrund Eine verminderte antithrombozytäre Prophylaxe („Low-Response [LR]“/„high on-treatment platelet reactivity [HPR]“) mit Acetylsalicylsäure (ASS) ist mit einem erhöhten Risiko für thrombembolische Ereignisse assoziiert. Die Prävalenz einer Low-Response ist mit ca. 20 % häufig und ein Therapieregime wurde bishe... | Evaluation einer Therapieanpassung bei ASS-Low-Response in der Gefäßchirurgie | 10.1007/s00104-020-01280-x |
2021-07-01 | This manuscript illustrates the 20-year process of establishing research sites that have been developed and maintained by the authors in collaboration with oncology colleagues at institutions in low- and middle-income countries. This infrastructure has been created for research training of US public health graduate stu... | Developing and Maintaining a Global Research Training Infrastructure for Cancer Education | 10.1007/s13187-021-02033-y |
2021-07-01 | Abstract— The effect of human mast cells (MC) (HMC-1 line) on transendothelial transport (TET) of albumin and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) was studied using a two-chamber system with pores 1 μm in diameter. Human endothelial cells (EC) (line EA.hy926) were placed in the collagen-coated upper chamber and cultivated fo... | Mast Cells and Control of Transendothelial Transport: the Role of Histamine | 10.1134/S1990519X21040052 |
2021-07-01 | Herein the energies of low-lying levels, wavelengths, transition rates, and line strengths for electric dipole allowed (E1) and forbidden (M1) lines in Ne- to Al-like ions of tantalum have been calculated using the GRASP2K package, which is based on the multiconfi guration Dirac–Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) method. From our ra... | Energy Levels, Wavelengths, Transition Rates, Line Strengths, and Lifetimes for Low-Lying Levels in Ne-, Na-, Mg-, and Al-Like Ions of Tantalum | 10.1007/s10812-021-01217-0 |
2021-06-30 | We consider the problem of metastability for stochastic dynamics with exponentially small transition probabilities in the low temperature limit. We generalize previous model-independent results in several directions. First, we give an estimate of the mixing time of the dynamics in terms of the maximal stability level. ... | Effect of Energy Degeneracy on the Transition Time for a Series of Metastable States | 10.1007/s10955-021-02788-0 |
2021-06-30 | Background Obtaining instantaneous gas exchanges data is fundamental to gain information on photosynthesis. Leaf level data are reliable, but their scaling up to canopy scale is difficult as they are acquired in standard and/or controlled conditions, while natural environments are extremely dynamic. Responses to dynami... | A low-cost automated growth chamber system for continuous measurements of gas exchange at canopy scale in dynamic conditions | 10.1186/s13007-021-00772-z |
2021-06-30 | Background This paper describes a method to reversibly block nerve conduction through direct application of a 1 Hz sinusoidal current waveform delivered through a bipolar nerve cuff electrode. This low frequency alternating current (LFAC) waveform was previously shown to reversibly block the effects of vagal pulse stim... | In-vivo application of low frequency alternating currents on porcine cervical vagus nerve evokes reversible nerve conduction block | 10.1186/s42234-021-00072-w |
2021-06-29 | It is important to avoid buckling during low-cycle fatigue testing. The buckling load is dependent on the specimen shape, material properties, and the testing machine. In the present investigation of hourglass-shaped specimens the importance of the diameter to radius of curvature is examined. Diameters of 5 and 7 mm ar... | Prediction of buckling force in hourglass-shaped specimens | 10.1186/s40712-021-00132-8 |
2021-06-29 | Background The perspectives of low-educated employees are often neglected when designing sustainable employability (SE) interventions. As a result, the interventions offered by the employer do often not align with the needs of low-educated employees. This particular group should therefore be actively involved in the pr... | Using intervention mapping to develop ‘Healthy HR’ aimed at improving sustainable employability of low-educated employees | 10.1186/s12889-021-11278-7 |
2021-06-28 | Background The present study aimed to investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on orthodontic tooth movement and its correlation with the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Methods T... | Clinical research: low-level laser therapy in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement | 10.1186/s12903-021-01684-z |
2021-06-26 | The lower Eocene-lower Miocene succession in the central part of the Al Jabal Al Akhdar, northeast Libya was investigated to determine its depositional environments and shed some light on diagenetic alterations. This succession is composed mainly of carbonate rocks and includes five formations from base to top; the Apo... | Facies analysis and depositional environments of the lower Eocene–lower Miocene succession in Northeast Libya | 10.1007/s13146-021-00706-9 |
2021-06-25 | Abstract High-performance electromagnetic wave absorption and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with multifunctional characters have attracted extensive scientific and technological interest, but they remain a huge challenge. Here, we reported an electrostatic assembly approach for fabricating 2D/1... | Flexible and Waterproof 2D/1D/0D Construction of MXene-Based Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption, EMI Shielding, and Photothermal Conversion | 10.1007/s40820-021-00673-9 |
2021-06-24 | Time-dependent analysis based on layerwise theory (LT) along with higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT) is studied to determine the stress distribution in a simply supported sector of spherical sandwich shell with piezoelectric face sheets and functionally graded carbon nanotube (FG-CNT) core subjected to the lo... | Dynamic analysis of a spherical sandwich sector with piezoelectric face sheets and FG-CNT core subjected to low-velocity impact | 10.1007/s40430-021-03078-2 |
2021-06-24 | The wireless networks do not consider ultra-high reliability and low latency (URLL) as the primary factors. There is a delay-tolerant, non-critical content and services that are based on human-centric communication in mobile networks. The focus of the wireless networks is to provide boosted rate in data speed and incre... | RETRACTED ARTICLE: Ultra-reliable low latency communication technique for agriculture wireless sensor networks | 10.1007/s12517-021-07576-4 |
2021-06-23 | The Ordovician reservoirs in the Tarim Basin have shown good exploration potential in recent years. To better understand its complex thermal history and further oil and gas exploration, we reconstructed the thermal evolution of the lower Paleozoic strata in Tarim Basin by applying new and previously published equivalen... | Thermal evolution and the maturation of the deeply buried lower Paleozoic source rocks in the Tarim Basin, northwest China | 10.1007/s12517-021-07562-w |
2021-06-22 | Studies have shown that rubberised concrete is a potential pavement material. Pavement materials are generally expected to possess concrete with high impact resistance, especially in regions where winter temperatures remain lower than the freezing point for long periods. However, knowledge about the performance of rubb... | Effect of rubber particles on impact resistance of concrete at a temperature of − 20 ℃ | 10.1007/s43452-021-00257-9 |
2021-06-22 | Background To date (April 2021), medical device (MD) design approaches have failed to consider the contexts where MDs can be operationalised. Although most of the global population lives and is treated in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMCIs), over 80% of the MD market share is in high-resource settings, which set d... | A framework for designing medical devices resilient to low-resource settings | 10.1186/s12992-021-00718-z |
2021-06-22 | Two-dimensional numerical investigations are carried out to understand the effect of rotation on flow characteristics over two identical circular cylinders in an unconfined medium at low Reynolds number. Both the cylinders are placed in tandem arrangement transverse to the incoming flow, and the dimensionless spacing b... | Influence of counter rotation on fluid flow and heat transfer around tandem circular cylinders at low Reynolds number | 10.1007/s40430-021-03072-8 |
2021-06-22 | In this article, we investigate the formation and disruption of a coronal sigmoid from the active region (AR) NOAA 11909 on 07 December 2013, by analyzing multi-wavelength and multi-instrument observations. Our analysis suggests that the formation of the sigmoid initiated ≈ 1 hour before its eruption through a coupling... | A Transient Coronal Sigmoid in Active Region NOAA 11909: Build-up Phase, M-class Eruptive Flare, and Associated Fast Coronal Mass Ejection | 10.1007/s11207-021-01830-4 |
2021-06-21 | Background Tetanus remains common in many low- and middle-income countries, but as critical care services improve, mortality from tetanus is improving. Nevertheless, patients develop severe syndromes associated with autonomic nervous system disturbance (ANSD) and the requirement for mechanical ventilation (MV). Underst... | Risk factors associated with mechanical ventilation, autonomic nervous dysfunction and physical outcome in Vietnamese adults with tetanus | 10.1186/s41182-021-00336-w |
2021-06-20 | Low condition of dissolved oxygen (DO) is commonly associated with sludge bulking problem that was able to disrupt the efficiency of wastewater treatment performances. Relatively, very little attention was paid to the possibility of applying magnetic field in controlling the bulking problem. Hence, this study aims to i... | Effect of magnetic field on biomass properties and their role in biodegradation under condition of low dissolved oxygen | 10.1007/s13201-021-01439-9 |
2021-06-19 | The entry of blood-borne molecules into the brain is restricted by the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Various physical, transport and immune properties tightly regulate molecule movement between the blood and the brain to maintain brain homeostasis. A recent study utilizing a pan-endothelial, constitutive Tie2-Cre showed t... | Brain endothelial LRP1 maintains blood–brain barrier integrity | 10.1186/s12987-021-00260-5 |
2021-06-17 | In order to visualize the rarefied flow field in a Φ1m hypersonic low-density wind tunnel, an electric glow discharge technique based on high frequency excited power has been developed. Firstly, finite element simulation analysis has been carried out, and it is concluded that the breakdown voltage can be reduced by usi... | High frequency AC electric glow discharge visualization technology and application in big diameter hypersonic low-density wind tunnel | 10.1186/s42774-021-00067-w |
2021-06-17 | Bulk rock geochemical characteristics and Sr–Nd isotopic data were used as a proxy to evidently ascertain the adakitic affinity or signature of the basement rock samples from the Mbengwi region, located within the Pan-African North Equatorial fold belt. In the present study, numerous granitoids display low MgO (<3.0 wt... | Evidence of adakitic signature in Pan-African basement rocks from the Mbengwi region (NW Cameroon): constraints from whole rock chemistry and Sr–Nd isotopes | 10.1007/s12517-021-07541-1 |
2021-06-15 | In the present work, the structural and optical properties of the pristine and argon (Ar) ion irradiated RF-sputtered ZnO thin films have been studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The ion irradiation was performed at a con... | Structural and optical modifications of RF-sputtered ZnO thin films using low energy Ar ion irradiation | 10.1007/s00339-021-04685-5 |
2021-06-14 | Cenomanian strata of the Elbtal Group (Saxony, eastern Germany) reflect a major global sea-level rise and contain, in certain intervals, a green authigenic clay mineral in abundance. Based on the integrated study of five new core sections, the environmental background and spatio-temporal patterns of these glauconitic s... | Depositional setting and limiting factors of early Late Cretaceous glaucony formation: implications from Cenomanian glauconitic strata (Elbtal Group, Germany) | 10.1007/s10347-021-00627-y |
2021-06-12 | The synthesis of novel architecture comprising perylene diimide (PDI)-MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T X )-integrated graphitic pencil electrode for electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) is reported. The good electron passage between PDI-MXene resulted in an unprecedented nano-adduct bearing enhanced electrocatalytic activity wi... | Perylene diimide/MXene-modified graphitic pencil electrode-based electrochemical sensor for dopamine detection | 10.1007/s00604-021-04884-0 |
2021-06-12 | This paper reports on the design, fabrication, RF measurement, and high-power test of a prototype accelerator—such as 11.424 GHz with 12 cells—and a traveling wave of two halves. It was found that the unloaded gradient reached 103 MV/m during the high-power test and the measured breakdown rate, after $$3.17\times 10^7$... | Development and high-gradient test of a two-half accelerator structure | 10.1007/s41365-021-00895-x |
2021-06-11 | Nano-composites are emerging class of materials with venerable physical and chemical properties useful for gas sensor applications. In the present work, we have successfully demonstrated utilization of TiO 2 nano-tube and hydroxyapatite nano-composite thick films for sensing of alcohol vapours at lower temperature and ... | Enhancing alcohol sensing properties of hydroxyapatite via synthesis of its composite with TiO2 nano-tube | 10.1007/s00339-021-04660-0 |
2021-06-09 | A newly collected specimen of the enigmatic coleoid genus Longibelus is recorded from lower Turonian strata along the River Shadrinka in Sakhalin (Russian Far East). To date, this is the first record of Late Cretaceous coleoid cephalopods from the island and, in fact, from the entire Pacific coast of the Russian Federa... | First record of the enigmatic coleoid genus Longibelus from Sakhalin (Far East Russia): a contribution to our understanding of Cretaceous coleoid habitats in the Pacific Realm | 10.1186/s13358-021-00227-x |
2021-06-07 | Aiming at the problem that the coal seam temperature is high and the gas desorption rate is fast, the gas content loss is estimated to be biased, resulting in inaccurate measurement of coal seam gas content. This paper proposes a method for taking the coal samples at low temperature (below 0 °C) in order to improve the... | Experimental study on adsorption promotion and desorption restrain of gas-containing coal in low-temperature environment | 10.1007/s12517-021-07477-6 |
2021-06-04 | Background Diagnosing bacterial meningitis is essential to optimise the type and duration of antimicrobial therapy to limit mortality and sequelae. In sub-Saharan Africa, many public hospitals lack laboratory capacity, relying on clinical features to empirically treat or not treat meningitis. We investigated whether cl... | Clinical features of bacterial meningitis among hospitalised children in Kenya | 10.1186/s12916-021-01998-3 |
2021-06-03 | Intended for human consumption water resources are rapidly decreased due to overuse, global warming and also polluting by pollutants. Metal concentrations are generally removed by precipitation, adsorption, biosorption and some chemical reactions in the receiving water media. Therefore, polluted waters by metals are ca... | Investigation of Copper removal mechanisms on Quercus robur acorn caps: Equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamic and characterization studies | 10.1007/s13201-021-01434-0 |
2021-06-03 | Here we report a comprehensive numerical study for the operating behavior and physical mechanism of nitride micro-light-emitting-diode (micro-LED) at low current density. Analysis for the polarization effect shows that micro-LED suffers a severer quantum-confined Stark effect at low current density, which poses challen... | Designs of InGaN Micro-LED Structure for Improving Quantum Efficiency at Low Current Density | 10.1186/s11671-021-03557-4 |
2021-06-02 | Background Flavonoids can protect plants against extreme temperatures and ROS due to their antioxidant activities. We found that deep-purple seed coat color was controlled by two gene interaction (12:3:1) from the cross between yellow and deep-purple seed coat colored inbreds. F 2:3 seeds were grouped in 3 by seed coat... | Effect of chilling acclimation on germination and seedlings response to cold in different seed coat colored wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) | 10.1186/s12870-021-03036-z |
2021-06-01 | In this study, ceramics was prepared by slip casting (no pressure was used during shaping step) and atmospheric pressure sintering with low-melting point glass (LPG) powder as the binding material to facilitate the transformation of spodumene flotation tailings (SFTs) into ceramics at lower temperatures. The influence ... | Sintering behavior and mechanical properties of sintered ceramics based on spodumene tailings | 10.1007/s11771-021-4723-9 |
2021-06-01 | This work presents a simulation study of the influence of temperature on the performance of dual material gate (DMG) vertical super-thin body (VSTB) FET. The introduction of DMG causes a drop in the off-state current (I off ) by ~99.18% and DIBL by 20%. Drop in the I off enhances the on-to-off current ratio (I on /I of... | Study of Temperature Effect on Analog/RF and Linearity Performance of Dual Material Gate (DMG) Vertical Super-Thin Body (VSTB) FET | 10.1007/s12633-020-00561-8 |
2021-06-01 | Y 2 O 3 is regarded as one of the potential environmental barrier coating (EBC) materials for Al 2 O 3f /Al 2 O 3 ceramic matrix composites owing to its high melting point and close thermal expansion coefficient to Al 2 O 3 . However, the relatively high thermal conductivity and unsatisfactory calcium-magnesium-alumino... | Preparation and properties of CMAS resistant bixbyite structured high-entropy oxides RE2O3 (RE = Sm, Eu, Er, Lu, Y, and Yb): Promising environmental barrier coating materials for Al2O3f/Al2O3 composites | 10.1007/s40145-021-0461-6 |
2021-06-01 | Metal sulfides with high specific capacities have drawn considerable attention in the field of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). As a typical metal sulfide, FeV 2 S 4 always suffers rapid decay of capacities because of its low stability arising from large volume change. FeV 2 S 4 nanoparticles with controllable sizes and di... | Controllable deposition of FeV2S4 in carbon fibers for sodium-ion storage with high capacity and long lifetime | 10.1007/s40843-020-1542-8 |
2021-06-01 | Mid-infrared (IR) detectors based on the emerging low-dimensional (two-dimensional and quasi one-dimensional) materials offer unique characteristics including large bandgap tunability, optical polarization sensitivity and integrability with typical silicon process, which are not available in the mid-IR detectors based ... | Emerging low-dimensional materials for mid-infrared detection | 10.1007/s12274-020-3128-7 |
2021-06-01 | Composting is an environment-friendly method for recycling organic waste, and incorporation of heat and aeration can enhance favorable conditions for microbial growth in the process. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of the introduction of solar heat and aeration to the waste grass exposed to the composting... | Incorporation of solar-heated aeration and greenhouse in grass composting | 10.1007/s11356-021-12577-7 |
2021-06-01 | The development of an effective approach to improve low-temperature nitrification of domestic wastewater remains an important issue that needs to be urgently addressed. This study was intended to verify the feasibility of using iron scraps as an effective immobilization material to enhance nitrification activity in dom... | Feasibility of iron scraps for enhancing nitrification of domestic wastewater at low temperatures | 10.1007/s11356-021-12607-4 |
2021-06-01 | Long-term cycle life and high safety are important performances of lithium-ion power batteries. Voltage windows have a significant impact on battery cycle life and safety. While the mechanism by which an upper cut-off voltage affects the performances of lithium-ion batteries has been extensively studied, the effect of ... | Effect of lower cut-off voltage on LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2/graphite–SiOx pouch battery | 10.1007/s10008-021-04948-4 |
2021-06-01 | Utilization of low-grade manganese ore adopting the carbothermic reduction roasting process is a proven method to produce high-grade manganese ore. To minimize industrial waste and protect the environment, gas cleaning plant sludge (GCPS), which is a solid waste from steel industries, was employed as a reductant to per... | Sustainable Utilization of GCP Sludge as a Reductant in the Reduction Roasting of Low-Grade Manganese Ore to Recover Mn and Fe Values | 10.1007/s42461-021-00380-4 |
2021-06-01 | Abstract The effect of the thermal switching of a layered GeS:Nd single crystal is investigated in a wide range of temperatures ( T = 80–350 K). The effect of γ irradiation on the thermal switching of a GeS:Nd single crystal is studied at different doses (30 and 100 krad). It is found that no thermal-switching effect i... | Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Thermal Switching of a GeS:Nd Single Crystal | 10.1134/S1063782621070034 |
2021-06-01 | The climate is a complex, chaotic system with many degrees of freedom. Attaining a deeper level of understanding of climate dynamics is an urgent scientific challenge, given the evolving climate crisis. In statistical physics, many-particle systems are studied using Large Deviation Theory (LDT). A great potential exist... | Applications of large deviation theory in geophysical fluid dynamics and climate science | 10.1007/s40766-021-00020-z |
2021-06-01 | Pollution of industrial wastewaters containing dyes is a major concern for health in many countries, calling for advanced remediation techniques. Here, we review dye classification, toxicity, and removal with focus on adsorption using nanomaterials and magnetic nanoparticles. We present isotherm modeling and kinetic st... | Magnetite nanoparticles as sorbents for dye removal: a review | 10.1007/s10311-020-01173-9 |
2021-06-01 | Brewers’ spent grains (BSG) make up to 85% of a brewery’s solid waste, and is either sent to landfill or sold as cheap animal feed supplement. Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) obtained from BSG are antioxidants and prebiotics that can be used in food formulations as low-calorie sweeteners and texturisers. The effect of extr... | Intensification of Xylo-oligosaccharides Production by Hydrothermal Treatment of Brewer’s Spent Grains: The Use of Extremely Low Acid Catalyst for Reduction of Degradation Products Associated with High Solid Loading | 10.1007/s12010-021-03525-9 |
2021-06-01 | Key Message Chilling injury resulted in tree water-use changes in mangrove forests, with two Sonneratia species displaying different severities of impact and recovery patterns. Abstract Mangroves are periodically influenced in negative ways by non-freezing temperatures across their global sub-tropical range. However, p... | Sap flow evidence of chilling injury and recovery in mangroves following a spring cold spell | 10.1007/s00468-021-02089-9 |
2021-06-01 | Maize is a subtropical, cold-sensitive species. However, some varieties of this species have the potential to withstand long-term low temperatures, even at the seedling stage. The molecular basis of this phenomenon has not been determined. In a chromatin-level study, we compared the cold-stress reaction of seedlings of... | Chromatin-Level Differences Elucidate Potential Determinants of Contrasting Levels of Cold Sensitivity in Maize Lines | 10.1007/s11105-020-01254-7 |
2021-06-01 | Lead extrusion dampers are supplemental energy-dissipation devices that are used to mitigate seismic structural damage. Small volumetric sizes and high force capacities define high-force-to-volume (HF2V) devices, which can absorb significant response energy without sacrificial damage. However, the design of such device... | Modeling limit force capacities of high force to volume lead extrusion dampers | 10.1007/s11709-021-0724-x |
2021-06-01 | Abstract The heat treatable aluminium alloy AA2219 is subjected to mechanical stress relieving by way of cold deformation after solution treatment to relieve the quenched in stresses as thermal stress relieving is not possible due to the requirement of higher temperature than the ageing temperature. Cold deformation pr... | Influence of Thermomechanical Treatments on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Alloy AA2219 Hand Forgings | 10.1007/s12540-019-00557-z |
2021-06-01 | Monoclinic SrAl 2 Si 2 O 8 ceramics for Sr immobilization were prepared by a liquid-phase sintering method. The sintering temperature, mineral phase composition, microstructure, flexural strength, bulk density, and Sr ion leaching characteristics of the SrAl 2 Si 2 O 8 ceramics were investigated. A crystalline monoclin... | Sintering of monoclinic SrAl2Si2O8 ceramics and their Sr immobilization | 10.1007/s12613-020-2056-6 |
2021-06-01 | We investigate a model of interacting Dirac fermions in 2 + 1 dimensions with M flavors and N colors having the U( M ) × SU( N ) symmetry. In the large- N limit, we find that the U( M ) symmetry is spontaneously broken in a variety of ways. In the vacuum, when the parity-breaking flavor-singlet mass is varied, the grou... | Cascade of phase transitions in a planar Dirac material | 10.1007/JHEP06(2021)015 |
2021-06-01 | Abstract An ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure of equiaxed and fiber types in the low-carbon structural steel 05G2MFBT (Fe–2Mn–Mo–V–Nb–Ti) has been formed with various techniques of deformation-heat treatment. This steel with a UFG structure has been found to exhibit higher strength properties. Different deformation tec... | Effect of Deformation-Thermal Processing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Low-Carbon Structural Steel | 10.1134/S0031918X21060090 |
2021-06-01 | Maize, a C 4 sub-tropical crop, possesses higher temperature optima as compared to the C 3 plants. Low temperature (LT) stress confines the growth and productivity of maize. In this context, two maize genotypes, LT tolerant Gurez local and LT susceptible Gujarat-Maize-6 (G-M-6) were analysed in present study for variou... | Low temperature elicits differential biochemical and antioxidant responses in maize (Zea mays) genotypes with different susceptibility to low temperature stress | 10.1007/s12298-021-01020-3 |
2021-06-01 | Increased blood pressure (BP) caused by exposure to cold temperatures can partially explain the increased incidence of cardiovascular events in winter. However, the physiological mechanisms involved in cold-induced high BP are not well established. Many studies have focused on physiological responses to severe cold exp... | Roles of cardiovascular autonomic regulation and sleep patterns in high blood pressure induced by mild cold exposure in rats | 10.1038/s41440-021-00619-z |
2021-06-01 | The Carleton University Brayton Cycle Loop (CUBCL) is a project involving virtually all aspects of 10 MW supercritical CO 2 gas turbine design. One of the concerns regarding the 10 MW S-CO 2 gas turbine is recuperators degradation due to fouling. This work reveals that when the high temperature recuperator (HTR) overal... | Investigation of the Fouling Effect of Recuperators on the Recompressor and Cycle Efficiency of a 10 MW S-CO2 Gas Turbine Power Plant | 10.1007/s11668-021-01157-z |
2021-06-01 | Atomic oxygen (AO) is a major threat to satellites in Low Earth Orbits (LEO). AO causes serious damage to satellites such as erosion, corrosion and damage to almost all satellites surfaces. This study presents numerical prediction for the space environment effects on NARSSCube satellite using ATOMOX module in Space ENV... | Effect of Atomic Oxygen on LEO CubeSat | 10.1007/s42405-020-00336-w |
2021-06-01 | The nanocomposite of bead necklace-like structure in which single stands of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) are impregnated in several polypyrrole (PPy)/phenylalanine (PA), PPy@PA, nanoparticles, with an average bead diameter of 80 nm and SWCNT length of 5 µm, as a sensing material for detecting ammonia gas, was ... | Bead Necklace-Shaped Single Walled Carbon Nanotube-Polypyrrole Nanocomposites for Ammonia Gas Sensor | 10.1007/s13233-021-9049-9 |
2021-06-01 | Alloying can make conventional metals reach ultra-high strength, but this usually comes at dramatic loss of toughness. In this work, a desirable strength–toughness combination in high-strength low-alloy steel achieved via trace carbon addition. The significance of carbon in tailoring variant pairing and tuning impact t... | Tailoring Variant Pairing to Enhance Impact Toughness in High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels via Trace Carbon Addition | 10.1007/s40195-020-01186-x |
2021-06-01 | Doing experiments in order to determine mechanical properties of nanocomposites costs a lot. Therefore, finding the ways by which the properties of the nanocomposites can be predicted without any empirical or few number of empirical experiments seems to be useful. In the present study, efforts have been made to create ... | Estimation of mechanical properties of LDPE/LLDPE/SEBS nanocomposite reinforced with calcium carbonate nanoparticles by Ch mathematical model | 10.1007/s10973-021-10653-1 |
2021-06-01 | In recent years, potassium-ion batteries(KIBs)have received a lot of attention for their high energy density and low cost. However, a suitable anode is currently lacking. In this paper, to explore potential anode materials, PC 3 monolayer was predicted using first-principles. The calculation results show that the PC 3 ... | Theory prediction of PC3 monolayer as a promising anode material in potassium-ion batteries | 10.1007/s11581-021-03994-2 |
2021-06-01 | Subsurface samples of the Talhar shale, Lower Goru Formation, are analyzed for smectite (montmorillonite) and illite in the Nur-dep#1 (ND‒1), well 2, Southern Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan. The ND‒1, well 2 is an unsuccessful well drilled by the OGDCL, Pakistan, for the shale gas exploration. Illitization and elemental c... | Smectite illitization of the Talhar shale, Lower Goru Formation, Southern Indus Basin, Pakistan | 10.1007/s13202-021-01183-5 |
2021-06-01 | Purpose Light-induced fluorescence was evaluated as a process analytical tool in the development of quantitative models for the monitoring of a low-dose formulation manufacturing process. Method The system, equipped with a probe, was positioned in a tablet press feed-frame to monitor the active pharmaceutical ingredien... | Feasibility of Using Light-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy for Low-Dose Formulations Monitoring and Control | 10.1007/s12247-020-09432-6 |
2021-06-01 | Compared with the thin plate production process, the behavior of NbC precipitating would be different in thicker plate from the rolling processing due to reduction ratio conditions. The mechanism of epitaxial growth of NbC precipitating along with TiN particles was observed. The distribution of TiN particles, which inf... | Analysis of Precipitation of NbC in Low Reduction Ratio Conditions | 10.1007/s13632-021-00749-3 |
2021-06-01 | Abstract The processes of formation of superhard coatings by treating titanium films on sapphire substrates with a low-temperature nitrogen plasma flow in open atmosphere have been studied. It is shown that a coating of nitrogen-containing TiO 2 with a rutile structure, the microhardness of which is twice as high as th... | Formation of Superhard Coatings during Treatment of Titanium Films with Low-Temperature Nitrogen Plasma in Open Atmosphere | 10.1134/S1063785021050072 |
2021-06-01 | Studying on the pore size distribution of coal is vital for determining reasonable coalbed methane development strategies. The coalbed methane project is in progress in the southern Junggar Basin of northwestern China, where high volatile bituminous coal is reserved. In this study, with the purpose of accurately charac... | Pore size distribution of high volatile bituminous coal of the southern Junggar Basin: a full-scale characterization applying multiple methods | 10.1007/s11707-020-0845-x |
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