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2018-07-01 | This paper is a review of the series of investigations carried out at the S. A. Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ITAM, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)) aimed at solving the sonic boom problem. It has been shown, with the example of flow over a body of revolution at... | Investigations of the Sonic Boom Problem at the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences | 10.1007/s10891-018-1838-4 |
2018-07-01 | Considering the poor lubricating effect of cryogenic air (CA) and inadequate cooling ability of nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication (NMQL), this work proposes a new manufacturing technique cryogenic air nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication (CNMQL). A heat transfer coefficient and a finite difference model under di... | Temperature field model and experimental verification on cryogenic air nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication grinding | 10.1007/s00170-018-1936-7 |
2018-07-01 | The focus of this work is to highlight the relative response of Al-based micro- and nanocomposites in the form of enhancement in flexural strength via induced thermal stresses at high and cryogenic temperatures in ex situ and in situ atmospheres. In this investigation, we have tried to explore the reliability, matrix-r... | Response of Al-Based Micro- and Nanocomposites to Rapid Fluctuations in Thermal Environments | 10.1007/s11665-018-3437-0 |
2018-07-01 | Ferroelectrics are utilized in a myriad of technological applications including vibration damping due to their inherent electromechanical coupling. Through the domain structure in ferroelectric ceramics, the high stiffness material can also exhibit high damping. The combination of high stiffness and high damping is an ... | Dynamic Electromechanical Characterization of Ferroelectrics at Cryogenic Temperatures | 10.1007/s11340-018-0395-2 |
2018-07-01 | We investigate the conditions when the motion of a heavy ball in a helical channel takes the form of rolling or rolling with partial sliding. This problem is relevant for the manufacturing technology of unsuspended spherical laser targets being developed at the thermonuclear target laboratory at the Lebedev Physics Ins... | Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Rolling and Sliding of a Spherical Shell in a Helical Channel | 10.1007/s10598-018-9408-3 |
2018-07-01 | This paper presents the results of experimental investigation of the effects of three cooling strategies (minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), cryogenic cooling using liquid nitrogen (LN_2), and combined (MQL + LN_2)) and three tool coatings (uncoated and AlTiN- and GMS^2-coated) on cutting force components ( F _ x , F ... | Effects of cooling strategies and tool coatings on cutting forces and tooth frequency in high-speed down-milling of Inconel-718 using helical bull-nose solid carbide end mills | 10.1007/s00170-018-2096-5 |
2018-07-01 | In this study, milling of the Inconel 718 superalloy was performed in dry conditions with the aim of reducing the adverse effects of the coolant on the environment. As is known, cutting tools quickly complete their life due to the high-temperature on the cutting zone in the dry condition milling process of hard materia... | Improvement of cutting performance of carbide cutting tools in milling of the Inconel 718 superalloy using multilayer nanocomposite hard coating and cryogenic heat treatment | 10.1007/s00170-018-1931-z |
2018-06-05 | Introduction In the field of the high injection rate X-ray meterage, currently there are no national standards in China, which are urgently needed in areas such as inertial confinement fusion diagnosis and aerospace observation. Globally, many metrology laboratories have developed their own meterage standards based on ... | A soft X-ray cryogenic radiometer built on BSRF | 10.1007/s41605-018-0062-2 |
2018-06-01 | A cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) technique was used to explore the shear-thickening behavior of Fe-ZSM5 zeolite pastes and to discover its underlying mechanism. Bare Fe-ZSM5 zeolite samples were found to contain agglomerations, which may break the flow of the pastes and cause shear-thickening behavio... | Shear-thickening behavior of Fe-ZSM5 zeolite slurry and its removal with alumina/boehmites | 10.1007/s12613-018-1615-6 |
2018-06-01 | The growing use of energy by most of world population and the consequent increasing demand for energy are making unexploited low quality gas reserves interesting from an industrial point of view. To meet the required specifications for a natural gas grid, some compounds need to be removed from the sour stream. Because ... | Study of the robustness of a low-temperature dual-pressure process for removal of CO_2 from natural gas | 10.1007/s11705-017-1688-1 |
2018-06-01 | The present work applies the finite element method to calculate the maximum allowable time that cryogenic inertial confinement fusion (ICF) targets can be exposed to infrared radiation (IR). Hence, a 3-D numerical model integrated with discrete coordinate radiation model was developed to investigate the influence of tr... | Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Infrared Radiation on Cryogenic Inertial Confinement Fusion Targets | 10.1007/s10894-018-0155-4 |
2018-06-01 | This paper first develops a cryogenic cutting system with adjustable jet temperature (− 196~20 °C), and then carries out a series of dry cutting and cryogenic turning experiments for titanium alloy. Metallographic microscope is used to observe the chip morphology of titanium alloy and the geometric characteristic param... | Experimental study on chip deformation of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy in cryogenic cutting | 10.1007/s00170-018-1890-4 |
2018-06-01 | This paper is devoted to the assessment of wall interference in the slotted wall test section of the European Transonic Windtunnel (ETW) over a wide range of Reynolds numbers. The experimental part of the investigation was performed in February 2014 by testing the NASA Common Research Model mounted on a fin-sting suppo... | A numerical approach for assessing slotted wall interference using the CRM model at ETW | 10.1007/s13272-017-0248-1 |
2018-05-31 | A cryogenic permanent magnet undulator prototype designed for Chinese High Energy Photon Source Test Facility (HEPS-TF) at Institute of High Energy Physics is constructed and now commissioning. Motion precision of girders is a significant parameter to guarantee gap error so as to avoid phase error and radiation intensi... | Influence of cryogenic permanent magnet undulator motion error on magnetic field error and radiation intensity loss | 10.1007/s41605-018-0063-1 |
2018-05-05 | Purpose High energy photon source test facility (HEPS-TF) has manufactured a three-dimensional Hall probe to measure the cryogenic permanent magnet undulator (CPMU). Since the operating environment of the CPMU is the subcooled liquid nitrogen (85K), the temperature of the Hall probe will have a decrease of several degr... | Magnetic field strength and temperature-dependent calibration system of Hall probe for the HEPS-TF cryogenic permanent magnet undulator | 10.1007/s41605-018-0050-6 |
2018-05-01 | The world runs a serious risk of sliding into catastrophic climate change. It is to all practical purposes impossible to bring the emissions of greenhouse gases to a halt straight away. This article discusses a number of sources of uncertainty and the possibility of bias in climate forecasting. It identifies a specific... | Synthetic carbohydrate compounds and their integration with renewable electricity supplies | 10.1007/s10098-018-1509-3 |
2018-05-01 | Commercially pure titanium is used for low-temperature applications due to good toughness attributed to single-phase microstructure (α). Electron beam welding (EBW) and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) processes have been used for welding two grades of commercially pure titanium (Grade 2 and Grade 4). Martensitic micros... | Mechanical Behavior of Commercially Pure Titanium Weldments at Lower Temperatures | 10.1007/s11665-018-3307-9 |
2018-05-01 | The paper considers the processes related to the specimens and loading device in the tensile testing of metals in strain-controlled mode, including under the conditions of cryogenic temperatures up to 4.2 K. It is demonstrated how the potential elastic energy accumulation and its subsequent relaxation in the developmen... | On the Accuracy in Determination of the Mechanical Material Characteristics at Low Temperatures | 10.1007/s11223-018-9993-6 |
2018-05-01 | This study investigates the heat transfer characteristics of an insulated double pipe in accordance with the degree of vacuum and the working fluid pressure for liquefied natural gas transportation. A total of 16 cases were examined, and the degree of vacuum was set at 760, 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 torr. Meanwhile, the work... | Statistical experimental study for verifying thermal characteristics of insulated double pipe | 10.1007/s12206-018-0443-y |
2018-04-01 | Titanium alloys have been attracting interest in aerospace industries because of their high strength-to-weight ratio. However, they are classified as difficult-to-machine materials due to poor tool life in machining processes. Cryogenic machining is a process that uses liquid nitrogen (LN2) as a coolant, and proposed a... | Predictive cutting force model for a cryogenic machining process incorporating the phase transformation of Ti-6Al-4V | 10.1007/s00170-018-1606-9 |
2018-04-01 | The ITER magnet system is based on the “cable-in-conduit” conductor (CICC) concept, which consists of stainless steel jackets filled with superconducting strands. The jackets provide high strength, limited fatigue crack growth rate and fracture toughness properties to counteract the high stress imposed by, among others... | A Comparative Study of Fracture Toughness at Cryogenic Temperature of Austenitic Stainless Steel Welds | 10.1007/s11665-018-3266-1 |
2018-03-01 | The performance of the upstream moderator for neutron beams 1, 4, 5, 6, and 9 extracted from the IBR-2 reactor is simulated towards selecting its optimum configuration. For different moderator options, gain factors with respect to the existing comb-shaped water moderator are computed. Taking into account the technologi... | Optimization and Comparing a Different Various of Head Part of a Moderator of “Central” Direction for IBR-2 Reactor | 10.1134/S1547477118020103 |
2018-03-01 | This paper presents the first comprehensive investigation on milling Ti–6Al–4V alloy in cryogenic cooling, and it mainly focuses on the effect of diffusion wear behavior of WC-Co tool in operations. Diffusion coefficient calculation model of elements is established considering cutting temperature. A series of conventio... | Diffusion thermodynamic behavior of milling Ti-6A1-4V alloy in liquid nitrogen cryogenic cooling | 10.1007/s00170-017-1427-2 |
2018-03-01 | Creation of a delivery system based on noncontact positioning and transport of the cryogenic fuel targets represents one of the major tasks in a general program of inertial fusion energy (IFE) research. The purpose is to maintain the fuel layer quality during acceleration and injection of IFE targets at the focus of a ... | Magnetic Acceleration of the Levitating Sabot Made of Type-II Superconductors | 10.1007/s10946-018-9700-x |
2018-03-01 | This paper compares some of the key machinability aspects acquired during milling of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy with uncoated and coated cryogenically treated end mills. Tool wear, coefficient of friction, cutting force, and chip morphology were the major criteria considered. Ti6Al4V is one of the titanium alloys that are ... | Effect of cryogenic treatment on the microstructure and the wear behavior of WC-Co end mills for machining of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy | 10.1007/s00170-017-1444-1 |
2018-03-01 | One of the main challenges of the manufacturing industry is to optimise the cutting tool life in order to increase both the process productivity and the product surface quality in machining operations. Several innovative strategies were developed and tested as function of both the workpiece material and the peculiar ma... | Wear mechanisms of uncoated and coated carbide tools when machining Ti6Al4V using LN2 and cooled N2 | 10.1007/s00170-017-1289-7 |
2018-03-01 | Improvement of energy efficiency in comminution of rocks using various pretreatment methods is being explored worldwide. This paper presents experimental data on breakage characteristics of granite and sandstone using cryogenic pre-treatment. The samples were treated with varying duration of immersion in liquid nitroge... | Effect of Cryogenic Pre-Treatment on Breakage Characteristics of Rocks | 10.1134/S1062739118023557 |
2018-03-01 | Adiabatic shear localization plays an important role in the deformation and failure of ultrafine grained 6061 aluminum alloy processed by friction stir processing. To understand the effects of temperature and strain on adiabatic shear localization in the ultrafine grained 6061 aluminum alloy, it has been investigated d... | Adiabatic Shear Localization and Microstructure in Ultrafine Grained Aluminum Alloy at Cryogenic Temperature | 10.1007/s11665-018-3157-5 |
2018-02-01 | In order to make clear the effect of heat-force on tool wear for milling Ti-6Al-4V alloy in cryogenic cooling. The thermal-mechanical calculation models were established. Compared with conventional cutting, the thermal-mechanical effect rules and thermal action characteristics were analyzed in cryogenic cooling. As wel... | Tool wear behavior of thermal-mechanical effect for milling Ti-6Al-4V alloy in cryogenic | 10.1007/s00170-017-1012-8 |
2018-02-01 | In this study, the grinding experiments were conducted on SiC particle-reinforced aluminum matrix (SiCp/Al) composites under wet, dry, cryogenic, and ELID grinding conditions, and the effects of grinding depth and table speed on grinding forces and grinding force ratio were investigated. The experimental results showed... | A study of grinding forces of SiCp/Al composites | 10.1007/s00170-017-1115-2 |
2018-02-01 | The surface tensions of 42 binary cryogenic mixtures at low temperature are correlated using the Shereshefsky model and excellent results are obtained. The average percent deviation is about ∼ 1.08%. The Gibbs energy change in the surface region is calculated and is used to obtain the excess number of molecular layers ... | The Prediction of Surface Tension and Thermodynamic Analysis of the Surface in Mixtures of Cryogenic Liquids | 10.1007/s10953-018-0718-z |
2018-02-01 | We report a custom-geometry linear ion trap designed for fluorescence spectroscopy of gas-phase ions at ambient to cryogenic temperatures. Laser-induced fluorescence from trapped ions is collected from between the trapping rods, orthogonal to the excitation laser that runs along the axis of the linear ion trap. To incr... | A Linear Ion Trap with an Expanded Inscribed Diameter to Improve Optical Access for Fluorescence Spectroscopy | 10.1007/s13361-017-1763-3 |
2018-01-30 | This paper presents the results of the tests and analysis on the coefficient of thermal expansion for the steel strand under combined low temperatures and prestressing forces. A test program was firstly carried out to study the thermal expansion behaviour of the seven-wire strand under combined different low temperatur... | Tests and Analysis on Thermal Expansion Behaviour of Steel Strand used in Prestressed Concrete Structure under Low Temperatures | 10.1186/s40069-018-0236-9 |
2018-01-11 | Methods able to enhance surface integrity of machined components have been one of the emerging areas in manufacturing engineering, and a technique that has been providing satisfying results in the last years is cryogenic machining. Besides promoting surface integrity improvement, it is considered an alternative to the ... | Effects of cryogenic cooling on the surface integrity in hard turning of AISI D6 steel | 10.1007/s40430-017-0922-6 |
2018-01-03 | Inconel 718 is a popular, but difficult to machine, nickel-based supper alloy. Machining performance of this material can be improved by appropriate modelling and optimization. In the present study, response surface modelling and optimization for turning of Inconel 718 under four machining conditions: dry with untreate... | Experimental results on the performance of cryogenic treatment of tool and minimum quantity lubrication for machinability improvement in the turning of Inconel 718 | 10.1007/s40430-017-0920-8 |
2018-01-01 | Conventional radio frequency matching techniques using silicon-based phase shifters operate well at ambient temperatures, but will perform poorly in cryogenic environments due to carrier freeze-out. However, varactors made from gallium arsenide retain carrier mobility at such temperatures. This paper describes the modi... | Modification of a Commercial Phase Shifter for Cryogenic Applications | 10.1007/978-3-319-92726-8_4 |
2018-01-01 | We present the status of the development of Superconducting Tunnel Junction (STJ) detector with the cryogenic preamplifier as far-infrared single photon detector for the COsmic BAckground Neutrino Decay search (COBAND) experiment. The photon energy spectrum from the radiative decay of the cosmic background neutrino is ... | Development of Superconducting Tunnel Junction Photon Detectors with Cryogenic Preamplifier for COBAND Experiment | 10.1007/978-981-13-1316-5_45 |
2018-01-01 | To achieve the high accuracy during machining of difficult-to-machine materials, nonconventional machining has become the lifeline of the industry. Electro discharge machining (EDM) is one of the most extensively used machining method among all the nonconventional machining processes. Cryogenic treatment is introduced ... | Effect of Process Parameters and Cryotreated Post Tempered Electrodes on the Radial Overcut of AISI 304 During EDM: A Comparative Study | 10.1007/978-3-319-76276-0_3 |
2018-01-01 | We report on a new study for the performance of the Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) light sensors when they are exposed to high electric field strengths in cryogenic environment. Three different SiPMs from two vendors (FBK and Hamamatsu) have been tested. The SiPMs showed very good stability, with respect to the gain... | New Study for SiPMs Performance in High Electric Field Environment | 10.1007/978-981-13-1316-5_56 |
2018-01-01 | Reactive Al–Ni composites are of interest for combustion synthesis, for joining, and as components of energetic formulations. Mechanical milling is one of the most practical techniques used for their preparation. This study investigated the effect of ball milling at cryogenic temperatures on the reactivity and structur... | Effect of milling temperature on structure and reactivity of Al–Ni composites | 10.1007/s10853-017-1591-7 |
2018-01-01 | Normal metal–insulator–superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions, as well as SIS junctions, are the main building blocks for superconducting electronics. Single NIS junctions NIS junction and arrays are used in microwave bolometers, cryogenic thermometers, electron coolers Electron coolers , radiation detector. In such dev... | Nanodevices with Normal Metal—Insulator—Superconductor Tunnel Junctions | 10.1007/978-3-319-90481-8_5 |
2018-01-01 | In recent years, size and capacity of wind turbines have increased significantly to meet the ambitious worldwide renewable energy targets. Extraordinarily high costs of manufacture and maintenance are one of the main issues to confine the expansion of the share of wind turbines in various renewables. To mitigate the hi... | Advanced Repairing of Composite Wind Turbine Blades and Advanced Manufacturing of Metal Gearbox Components | 10.1007/978-3-319-78166-2_8 |
2018-01-01 | The fatigue is a primary mode of failure in many hot work die steels such as AISI H13 on account of severe thermal fatigue conditions as in hot forging. The present work involves hardening of AISI H13 die steel specimens at 1020 °C, oil quenching followed by double tempering at 500 °C and then cryogenic treatment at mi... | Evolution of Tertiary Carbides and Its Influence on Wear Behavior, Surface Roughness and Fatigue Limit of Die Steels | 10.1007/978-981-10-6002-1_19 |
2018-01-01 | By consolidating the principles of both first and second laws of thermodynamics, exergy-based analyses have demonstrated their potential for evaluating the efficiency, productivity, and sustainability of various biofuel production systems including biogas. Exergy-based approaches have been extensively applied in biofue... | Exergy-Based Performance Assessment of Biogas Plants: Application of Advanced Exergy and Exergoeconomic Analyses for Evaluating Biogas Upgrading Process | 10.1007/978-3-319-77335-3_14 |
2018-01-01 | Electricity demand varies, influenced by factors like time of the day and season. The National Grid is prepared for surges in demand, with power stations on standby ready to crank up the power. However, dealing with these peaks and troughs will become increasingly difficult as coal-fired power stations closed down and ... | Reliable Renewables with Cryogenic Energy Storage | 10.1007/978-3-319-70721-1_3 |
2018-01-01 | Materials issues related to the construction of future fusion reactors are described. The sources of stress in a fusion reactor structure are outlined. Stresses due to thermal expansion are calculated from the first wall heat load. Stresses due to coolant pressure are calculated from the MHD pressure drop in conducting... | Fusion Technology | 10.1007/978-3-319-98171-0_11 |
2018-01-01 | The structure and functional activity of microbial complexes of a forest oligo-mesotrophic subshrub- grass-moss bog (OMB, Central Evenkiya) and a subshrub-sedge bog in the polygonal tundra (PB, Lena River Delta Samoylovsky Island) was studied. Soil of the forest bog (OMB) differed from that of the polygonal tundra bog ... | Structure of microbial communities of peat soils in two bogs in Siberian tundra and forest zones | 10.1134/S0026261718010083 |
2018-01-01 | Shubnikov modelled his laboratory after the Leiden example, which implied among other things that he attached great importance to the workshop. In it he employed a large number of qualified craftsmen whom he acquired from the most unlikely places, such as Ivan Pavlovich Korolev who had earlier worked as a ship mechanic... | Shubnikov’s Scientific Work at UFTI | 10.1007/978-3-319-72098-2_8 |
2018-01-01 | The present review is devoted to some problems of the production of liquid para -hydrogen by catalytic ortho - para conversion (OPC) of molecular hydrogen at cryogenic temperatures, the catalysts of this process, and catalyst operation in hydrogen liquefiers. The methods of evaluating the catalyst activity in OPC and c... | Low-Temperature Conversion of ortho-Hydrogen into Liquid para-Hydrogen: Process and Catalysts. Review | 10.1134/S2070050418010117 |
2018-01-01 | Hard turning is the process of turning workpieces having a hardness greater than 45 HRC. It can be treated as pre-grinding operation as it gives surface finish about 0.0003 mm. Hard turning became more interesting after the invention of new hard materials such as CBN, ceramic, cermet, etc. which are cheaper than diamon... | Literature Review of Hard Turning and It’s Thermal Aspects | 10.1007/978-3-319-76276-0_24 |
2018-01-01 | In this paper a definition and classification of hybrid processes is given with the focus on assisted hybrid machining processes developed at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Ljubljana. These processes include high-pressure jet assisted machining, cryogenic machining, laser assisted machining and ultrasonic ass... | Hybrid Machining Processes | 10.1007/978-3-319-89563-5_1 |
2018-01-01 | During the last few decades, the Arctic has experienced large-scale vegetation changes. Understanding the mechanisms behind this vegetation change is crucial for our ability to predict future changes. This study tested the hypothesis that decreased cryogenic disturbances cause vegetation change in patterned ground stud... | Decreased cryogenic disturbance: one of the potential mechanisms behind the vegetation change in the Arctic | 10.1007/s00300-017-2173-5 |
2018-01-01 | Stable isotopologues of water (mainly ^1H_2 ^16O, HD^16O and ^1H_2 ^18O) have been used for decades as tracers of the Earth’s water cycle. In this chapter, we briefly describe the theoretical background and state-of-the-art techniques of the use of water stable isotopes to investigate the sources of plant water. We aim... | Stable-Isotope Techniques to Investigate Sources of Plant Water | 10.1007/978-3-319-93233-0_26 |
2018-01-01 | Being short of conventional chromophores, polyacrylamide is generally not regarded as a fluorescent material. Exactly the polymerization of dilute solutions of acrylamide and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide led to thick liquids at 60 °C, showing no fluorescence. Things changed when the phase transition of water was involve... | Ice Squeezing Induced Multicolor Fluorescence Emissions from Polyacrylamide Cryogels | 10.1007/s10895-017-2196-x |
2017-12-01 | A central element of a power plant based on inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is a target with cryogenic hydrogen fuel that should be delivered to the center of a reactor chamber with a high accuracy and repetition rate. Therefore, a cryogenic target factory (CTF) is an integral part of any ICF reactor. A promising way... | Cryogenic Hydrogen Fuel for Controlled Inertial Confinement Fusion (Cryogenic Target Factory Concept Based on FST-Layering Method) | 10.1134/S1063778817070018 |
2017-12-01 | The present work is aimed at in-process estimation of surface roughness using cutting parameters along with cutting force, sound, and vibration in turning of Inconel 718 with cryogenically treated and untreated carbide inserts. Initially, prediction models are developed by regression analysis using only cutting paramet... | Estimation of surface roughness using cutting parameters, force, sound, and vibration in turning of Inconel 718 | 10.1007/s40430-017-0819-4 |
2017-12-01 | The investigation was aimed at evaluation of level and rate of cutaneous and tympanic temperature drop due to a single short-timed (3 min) cooling in a cryosauna (–70°С), and adaptation-indicative physiological parameters, including blood catecholamines, ACTH, lipoproteins and free fatty acids. The subjects were seven ... | Effect of Short-term Cooling at –70°C in an Air Cryogenic Sauna on Body Temperature and Lipid Profile of Healthy People | 10.1134/S0362119717070180 |
2017-12-01 | Successfully recovering stored cryopreserved cells requires attention to two major factors, i.e., storage temperature and proper handling of the frozen samples. These key considerations are in turn impacted by how the inventory system is constructed, the frequency and process for retrieving specimens, as well as how th... | Best practices for storing and shipping cryopreserved cells | 10.1007/s11626-017-0214-6 |
2017-12-01 | Effects of temperature on fracture characteristics of type 304 stainless steel at cryogenic to elevated temperatures are investigated. Three point bending fracture tests according to ASTM E1820 guidelines are conducted on single edge notched bending specimens made of cold drawn flat bars in a temperature range of −195 ... | Fracture Performance of Type 304 Stainless Steel Reinforcement Belt from Cryogenic to Elevated Temperatures | 10.1007/s40799-017-0205-2 |
2017-12-01 | We experimentally investigated the dissolution of forsterite, enstatite and magnesite in graphite-saturated COH fluids, synthesized using a rocking piston cylinder apparatus at pressures from 1.0 to 2.1 GPa and temperatures from 700 to 1200 °C. Synthetic forsterite, enstatite, and nearly pure natural magnesite were use... | Experimental determination of magnesia and silica solubilities in graphite-saturated and redox-buffered high-pressure COH fluids in equilibrium with forsterite + enstatite and magnesite + enstatite | 10.1007/s00410-017-1427-0 |
2017-12-01 | The optoacoustic gravitational-wave antenna (OGRAN) located in the underground laboratory of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory has a limited sensitivity sufficient only to detect gravitational radiation from astronomical objects at a distance of 100 kpc. In order to cover sources in the zone with a radius of up to 15 Mpc... | Cryogenic Model of the Gravitational Antenna OGRAN | 10.1134/S1063778817100039 |
2017-11-01 | The objective of the present work is to characterize the wear behavior of a cryogenically treated low-carbon AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel, by means of ball-on-disk tribological tests. Wear tests were performed under a range of applied normal loads and in two different environments, namely a petrolatum bath and ... | Influence of Cryogenic Treatments on the Wear Behavior of AISI 420 Martensitic Stainless Steel | 10.1007/s11665-017-2986-y |
2017-11-01 | Ball bearings (e.g., deep-groove, angular-contact, and roller bearings) support loads in a rotor system and provide lubrication between the shaft and housing. The deep-groove ball bearings used in a turbopump do not differ significantly from angular-contact ball bearings or the bearings found in other applications. Dee... | Fluid Flow Analysis for Friction Torque around Rolling Element in Ball Bearings | 10.3103/S106836661706006X |
2017-11-01 | 目的 奥氏体不锈钢 (ASS) 在深冷压力容器中应用广泛。ASS较高的应变硬化特性有助于其产生应变强化。在应变强化过程中, 保载时间是影响材料最终变形量的关键参数。基于室温蠕变应变弛豫理论, 本文旨在提出一种S30408深冷压力容器应变强化过程中的保载时间预测方法。 创新点 1. 根据室温蠕变应变弛豫理论, 保载过程即为材料在室温蠕变中应变速率逐渐减缓、材料结构逐渐稳定的过程; 本文据此获得了保载时间的计算模型。2. 结合材料试验与容器试验, 将计算模型中涉及的多个微观变量转换为唯一宏观变量一圆柱壳上的最大环向应力, 可为常规工业生产提供定量的、具有实际可操作性的技术支持。 方法 1. 根据室温蠕变应变弛豫理论, 建立蠕变本构关系,... | A load-holding time prediction method based on creep strain relaxation for the cold-stretching process of S30408 cryogenic pressure vessels | 10.1631/jzus.A1600798 |
2017-11-01 | Response of carbon mineralization to nitrogen application in cryogenic soils | 10.1134/S1067413617060066 | |
2017-11-01 | The dynamic behavior of the thermal-cryogenic regime of the hydrosystem of the Vilyui Hydroelectric Power Plant, which was the first to be constructed in a continuous space of permafrost rock, is presented. Features of the evolution of the thermal-moisture regime of the hydrosystem and the role of rockfill in thermal a... | Thermal Cryogenic Regime of the Hydrosystem of Vilyui Hydroelectric Power Plants-1, 2: Geocryologic Monitoring | 10.1007/s10749-017-0846-4 |
2017-10-01 | Cryogenic-assisted machining has already shown its advantages on the process and the machining parameters have been analysed. However, part of the coolant jet characteristics as the pressure and flow rate have not been completely studied and optimized. Hence, the main objective of this study is to investigate the impac... | Impact of supply conditions of liquid nitrogen on tool wear and surface integrity when machining the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy | 10.1007/s00170-017-0604-7 |
2017-10-01 | The structural characterization of glycans by mass spectrometry is particularly challenging. This is because of the high degree of isomerism in which glycans of the same mass can differ in their stereochemistry, attachment points, and degree of branching. Here we show that the addition of cryogenic vibrational spectros... | Cryogenic Vibrational Spectroscopy Provides Unique Fingerprints for Glycan Identification | 10.1007/s13361-017-1728-6 |
2017-10-01 | This paper systematically investigated the effect of cryogenic temperature and soaking time on the 0Cr12Mn5Ni4Mo3Al steel. Microstructure observation and mechanical tests were performed on the specimens by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, Vickers hardness tests and tensile tests. Cryogenic treatments we... | Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 0Cr12Mn5Ni4Mo3Al Steel | 10.1007/s11665-017-2932-z |
2017-10-01 | This paper presents the analysis of average surface roughness, cutting force, and feed force in turning of difficult-to-machine Ti-6Al-4V alloy by experimental investigation and performance modeling. Based on knowledge of the literature, to pacify the elevated temperature in machining Ti-6Al-4V and to ensure a clean en... | Study of surface roughness and cutting forces using ANN, RSM, and ANOVA in turning of Ti-6Al-4V under cryogenic jets applied at flank and rake faces of coated WC tool | 10.1007/s00170-017-0566-9 |
2017-10-01 | The Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) is currently the largest (sub-)mm wave telescope in the world and will be used for astronomical observations in all atmospheric windows from 35 to 950 GHz when completed. The ALMA band 1 (35–50 GHz) receiver will be used for the longest wavelength observations wi... | ALMA Band 1 Optics (35–50 GHz): Tolerance Analysis, Effect of Cryostat Infrared Filters and Cold Beam Measurements | 10.1007/s10762-017-0414-x |
2017-10-01 | Forging dies are subjected to fatigue failures for which different surface treatments are used as most of the failures begin from the surface. In this work, the influence of cryogenic treatment on fatigue limit of die steels has been discussed with hardening of fatigue specimens of AISI H13 die steels at 1020 °C, oil q... | Influence of Tertiary Carbides on Improving Fatigue Limit of H13 Die Steels | 10.1007/s13632-017-0380-7 |
2017-09-01 | Increased mineralization of the organic matter (OM) stored in permafrost is expected to constitute the largest additional global warming potential from terrestrial ecosystems exposed to a warmer climate. Chemical composition of permafrost OM is thought to be a key factor controlling the sensitivity of decomposition to ... | Soil organic matter molecular composition and state of decomposition in three locations of the European Arctic | 10.1007/s10533-017-0373-2 |
2017-09-01 | The possibility of using cryogenic treatment technology for tool steel of grade Kh12VMF in preparing rolls for a profile-bending mill is analyzed. The nature of the effect of cryogenic treatment on the structure is considered: proportion of residual austenite and secondary carbide distribution, mechanical properties, a... | Use of Cryogenic Treatment to Improve Profile-Bending Roll Wear Resistance | 10.1007/s11015-017-0524-7 |
2017-09-01 | This paper aimed to restrain the processing defects of aluminum alloy honeycombs using in aerospace with low stiffness and thin-walled, such as burr and collapse edge. The honeycomb material was treated by new method named ice fixation, and a CNC milling machine was used for a series of cryogenic machining. The fixatio... | Green machining of aluminum honeycomb treated using ice fixation in cryogenic | 10.1007/s00170-017-0181-9 |
2017-08-16 | Absolute spectral radiometry is currently the only established primary thermometric method for the temperature range above 1300 K. Up to now, the ongoing improvements of high-temperature fixed points and their formal implementation into an improved temperature scale with the mise en pratique for the definition of the k... | Thermodynamic Temperature of High-Temperature Fixed Points Traceable to Blackbody Radiation and Synchrotron Radiation | 10.1007/s10765-017-2273-z |
2017-08-01 | Purpose A new in-vacuum three-dimensional Hall probe magnetic measurement system is under fabrication for characterizing the magnetic performance of the Cryogenic Permanent Magnet Undulator (CPMU). In order to fit the small gap (5 mm) of magnetic structure and vacuum environment, a small three-dimensional Hall probe ha... | Hall sensor angle error and relative position calibrations for cryogenic permanent magnet undulator of high energy photon source test facility (HEPS-TF) | 10.1007/s41605-017-0018-y |
2017-08-01 | This paper is aimed to restrain the defects such as fluff and ablation, which were often found in machining of the aramid fiber-reinforced composites (AFRP). The cooling method of spray liquid nitrogen was adopted in the orthogonal milling process. The processing parameters including cutting depth, cutting speed, cooli... | Optimization of cryogenic milling parameters for AFRP | 10.1007/s00170-017-0003-0 |
2017-08-01 | This paper presents the first comprehensive investigation on the serious problems of tool wear and service life in conventional milling nickel-based superalloy. A series of machining experiments were conducted at various combinations of cutting parameters in conventional and cryogenic at 77-K milling processes. The mor... | Research on tool wear of milling nickel-based superalloy in cryogenic | 10.1007/s00170-017-0079-6 |
2017-07-01 | Hot single point incremental forming (SPIF) with induction heating and cryogenic cooling has been applied to form the Ti-6Al-4V sheets. The influence of both the forming temperature and the cooling rate after deformation, on microstructure evolution and microhardness of Ti-6Al-4V sheets, has been extensively studied. W... | Induction heating and cryogenic cooling in single point incremental forming of Ti-6Al-4V: process setup and evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties | 10.1007/s00170-016-9794-7 |
2017-07-01 | Although electrical discharge machining is a metal removal process in form of debris, efforts have been made in this article to make use of this process as a surface treatment method. Effect of different process parameters and mechanism of material deposition also studied under this study. Powder mixed electric dischar... | Investigating surface properties of cryogenically treated titanium alloys in powder mixed electric discharge machining | 10.1007/s40430-016-0639-y |
2017-07-01 | Physicochemical properties of nutritional supplements, such as apple, Jerusalem artichoke, and black currant cryogenic powder, were studied by adiabatic calorimetry in the range of 80–320 K and differential thermal analysis in the range of 80–400 K. Temperatures of relaxation transitions and influence of water on these... | Nutritional supplements from plant raw materials and influence of water on their physicochemical properties | 10.3103/S1068367417040152 |
2017-07-01 | Cryogenic treatment is a supplementary heat treatment usually applied after quenching. Its effects are permanent and this process affects the entire section. There have been many studies related to cryogenic treatment, most of which have been focused on tool steels. In the current study, a high-speed-train railway mate... | The effects of cryogenic treatment on the toughness and tribological behaviors of eutectoid steel | 10.1007/s12206-017-0613-3 |
2017-07-01 | Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace, biomedical, and other engineering areas due to their superior properties. However, machining of titanium alloys has always been a challenge due to the high temperatures and tool wear rates. Dry machining has a limited range of permissible cutting conditions and is hence not... | Application of cutting fluids in machining of titanium alloys—a review | 10.1007/s00170-016-9883-7 |
2017-07-01 | In this study, the effect of both cryogenic and dry machining of AZ31 magnesium alloy on temperature and surface roughness was examined. Cryogenic machining experiments were conducted by applying liquid nitrogen at the cutting zone. The cutting parameters (cutting speed, depth of cut, and feed rate) were varied, and th... | Thermal analysis during turning of AZ31 magnesium alloy under dry and cryogenic conditions | 10.1007/s00170-016-9893-5 |
2017-07-01 | Titanium alloy is well known for its difficulty to machine, owing to the important “tool wear” phenomenon. Machining assistance is an interesting solution to lengthen the tool lifetime. In this study, we focused on the effect of cryogenic assistance—during machining of Ti17—on the tool wear and cutting forces for diffe... | Tool wear and cutting forces under cryogenic machining of titanium alloy (Ti17) | 10.1007/s00170-016-9841-4 |
2017-07-01 | This experimental study focuses on the phase state and phase transformation response of the surface and subsurface of machined NiTi alloys. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and differential scanning calorimeter techniques were utilized to measure the phase state and the transformation response of machined specimens, re... | Surface Characteristics of Machined NiTi Shape Memory Alloy: The Effects of Cryogenic Cooling and Preheating Conditions | 10.1007/s11665-017-2791-7 |
2017-07-01 | A novel process comprised of ultra-fast cooling after control rolling, intercritical quenching and tempering (UFC-LT) was applied to 3.5%Ni steel. In addition, quenching and tempering (QT) treatment was conducted in comparison. The present study focuses on the relationship between the microstructure and cryogenic tough... | Effects of Ultra-Fast Cooling After Hot Rolling and Intercritical Treatment on Microstructure and Cryogenic Toughness of 3.5%Ni Steel | 10.1007/s11665-017-2735-2 |
2017-06-01 | The deformation behaviour of metals and alloys is significantly affected by both stacking-fault energy and processing temperature. By lowering the former, deformation twinning is favoured over dislocation slip, whilst cryogenic processing partially suppresses dynamic recovery. Three materials having different stacking-... | Plastic deformation of FCC alloys at cryogenic temperature: the effect of stacking-fault energy on microstructure and tensile behaviour | 10.1007/s10853-017-0979-8 |
2017-06-01 | Metastable 304 austenitic stainless steel was subjected to rolling at cryogenic and room temperatures, followed by annealing at different temperatures from 500 to 950°C. Phase transition during annealing was studied using X-ray diffractometry. Transmission electron microscopy and electron backscattered diffraction were... | Effect of cryogenic rolling and annealing on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel | 10.1007/s12613-017-1446-x |
2017-06-01 | This paper reports the technical details of the development of a low-temperature amplifier for nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of superfluid $${}^3$$ 3 He in very confined geometries. The amplifier consists of commercially available enhancement-mode pseudomorphic high-electron-mobility transistor devices and te... | Development of Cryogenic Enhancement-Mode Pseudomorphic High-Electron-Mobility Transistor Amplifier | 10.1007/s10909-017-1763-5 |
2017-06-01 | Superinvar Fe-31Ni-5Co alloy (SI) and Co-20Cr-15W-10Ni superalloy (SA) are used in space applications. Similar metal (SI-SI and SA-SA) joints as well as dissimilar metal (SA-SI) joints of these alloys have been made using electron beam welding (EBW) technique. Extensive characterization of these weldments has been carr... | Studies on Similar and Dissimilar Metal EBW Joints of Fe-31Ni-5Co and Co-20Cr-15W-10Ni Alloys | 10.1007/s11665-017-2718-3 |
2017-05-13 | The non-contact mechanical seal of a high-speed turbopump in a liquid rocket engine operates under very harsh conditions (such as rapid start-up, cryogenic, high-speed, high-pressure and low-viscosity sealing fluid). The performance of the seal is very different to the performance under normal running conditions. In th... | An Experimental Test on a Cryogenic High-Speed Hydrodynamic Non-Contact Mechanical Seal | 10.1007/s11249-017-0865-1 |
2017-05-02 | Environmental control during transfer between instruments is required for samples sensitive to air or thermal exposure to prevent morphological or chemical changes prior to analysis. Atom probe tomography is a rapidly expanding technique for three-dimensional structural and chemical analysis, but commercial instruments... | An environmental transfer hub for multimodal atom probe tomography | 10.1186/s40679-017-0045-2 |
2017-05-01 | Synthesis of a mathematical model of cooling of supercharging gas in the vapor space of cryogenic tanks containing liquefied gas is studied. Based on the model of a unidimensional dynamic thermal boundary layer, it is shown that the heat flux through the free liquid hydrogen surface in the cryogenic tank having a vapor... | Estimation of Heat Flux Through Free Liquid Hydrogen Surface in Cryogenic Tanks with Supercharged Vapor Space | 10.1007/s10556-017-0302-1 |
2017-05-01 | We present our results on utilization of the quantum levitation effect for HTSC samples (superconducting ceramics based on YBa_2Cu_3O_7 −x and SuperOx J-PI-12-20Ag-20Cu superconducting tapes) in magnetic fields of different configurations with respect to developing special carriers for hybrid systems of noncontact tran... | Development of Hybrid Transport Systems for Delivering Cryogenic Fusion Targets Into Focus of High-Power Laser System or ICF Reactor | 10.1007/s10946-017-9640-x |
2017-05-01 | Preservation of genetic diversity within germplasm repositories represents an important tool for plant conservation. However, seeds must tolerate extreme levels of post-harvest desiccation and cold to realize benefits of ex situ storage. Factors including local climate and habitat impact expression of desiccation and f... | Different plant provenance same seed tolerance to abiotic stress: implications for ex situ germplasm conservation of a widely distributed coastal dune grass (Uniola paniculata L.) | 10.1007/s10725-016-0244-1 |
2017-05-01 | This paper presents comprehensive investigation on the nickel-base alloy material used in the aerospace with difficult machining whose cutting tool is worn failure quickly. The reason mainly relates to the high temperature of cutting zone. The cryogenic cooling method was adopted for a series of machining experiments. ... | Milling wear of carbide tool for processing nickel-based alloy in cryogenic based on the entropy change | 10.1007/s00170-016-9505-4 |
2017-05-01 | In this paper, a complete industrial validation of a recently published scheme for on-line adaptation of the control updating period in model predictive control is proposed. The industrial process that serves in the validation is a cryogenic refrigerator that is used to cool the supra-conductors involved in particle ac... | Experimental investigation of control updating period monitoring in industrial PLC-based fast MPC: Application to the constrained control of a cryogenic refrigerator | 10.1007/s11768-017-6109-y |
2017-04-25 | Rhodium–iron resistance thermometers are recommended as precise thermometers at temperatures below 25 K. The thermometers were developed at the National Physical Laboratory and produced by H. Tinsley and Co Ltd almost 50 years ago. Later, they were made by other companies and institutes as well, but despite this, the a... | Tests of the Stability of Chinese RhFe Resistance Thermometers at Low Temperatures | 10.1007/s10765-017-2232-8 |
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