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by Dave Phillips
OpenAL, the Open Audio Library, is an initiative from Creative Labs and Loki Entertainment designed to provide a cross-platform open source solution for programming 2D and 3D audio. It is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), with current implementations supporting Windows, the Macintosh OS, Linux, FreeBSD, OS/2, and BeOS. The OpenAL API has been designed for portability of applications between supported platforms, particularly games and other multimedia applications using OpenGL for 3D graphics.
As its name implies, OpenAL is analogous in many ways to SGI's OpenGL, a widely implemented standard for specifying high-quality 3D graphics (see Chris Halsall's article for more information regarding OpenGL). The analogy extends far beyond the name: Many of the design considerations for OpenAL are derived from similar considerations for the visual effects possible from OpenGL, particularly with regard to movement in three dimensions and proximity-dependent texture variance. Because the OpenAL API is so similar to OpenGL, programmers employing OpenGL for graphics can more easily bind sonic activity to visuals, leading to exciting possibilities for games and other graphics-intensive applications.
As with OpenGL, a little OpenAL code does a lot. Developers can simply place their sounds into a scene and let OpenAL render the changes of the sounds relative to the positional changes of the listener.
The programming interface is hardware-independent. It can be deployed on virtually any soundcard usable on the supported platforms, though of course its potential will be most fully realized on cards with multichannel audio output. The API is a relatively higher-level interface that provides a communication protocol with the sound card driver. For Linux users it should make no difference whether the card driver comes from the kernel sources, ALSA, or OSS/Linux.
The OpenAL library is designed to act in coordination with the low-level routines of the driver. At this time the API and library focus only on PCM audio, although it is possible that future revisions will address CD audio and hardware MIDI synthesis.
OpenAL also follows recommendations put forth by the Interactive Audio Special Interest Group (IASIG). The current API has been written to accommodate at least the following IASIG Level 1 guidelines:
- Distance-based attenuation -- the strengthening or weakening of a sound's dynamic level as it approaches or leaves the listener.
- Position-based panning -- the location of a sound is calculated relative to the listener, not merely shifting between speakers.
- Doppler effects -- the perceived rise and fall of a sound's pitch as a source approaches and leaves the listener.
- Sound radiation -- control of a sound's dispersion through the acoustic field.
OpenAL Resources On-line
The author would like to thank Joseph I. Valenzuela, Michael Vance, Bernd Kreimeier, Fotis Hadginikos, and Derrick Story for their vast assistance. This series of articles could not have been written without their help.
The IASIG Level 2 guidelines specify a set of environment parameters for reverberation. Work has already begun to incorporate those parameters into the OpenAL API.
The current OpenAL API reference can be found in the openal/docs directory, but it is in SGML format. You will need the DocBook tools to compile the API documentation into readable HTML. The reference documentation is also available on-line here. I should emphasize that the documentation is directed only to developers at this time.
As an open source project with corporate blessings, OpenAL seems assured of widespread implementation. It offers an open source solution to the problem of highly portable cross-platform support for 3D audio in games and other multimedia applications, making it of great interest to developers and end-users alike. Even while the 1.0 specification is being ratified, some developers are already employing OpenAL's services.
OpenAL is not without its contenders, but those solutions are proprietary or locked into a single architecture. OpenAL is already a working multi-platform interface for audio (especially 3D audio) services, and with hardware acceleration, OpenAL could revolutionize computer audio in the same way as OpenGL revolutionized computer graphics, an exciting prospect indeed.
As a final reminder, please note that OpenAL is a community effort, and community involvement is encouraged. See the OpenAL Web site for complete details on getting involved in the project.
In the last article we will take a deeper look at the internals of the API, but first we'll discuss 3D audio and then see what real-world applications have already employed the OpenAL specification.
Discuss this article in the O'Reilly Network Linux Forum.
Return to the Linux DevCenter. | <urn:uuid:0d0f813d-7d1e-4f27-93bc-de88209a2b8f> | 2013-05-21T09:58:53Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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I did quickly read some books, maybe this one
My question still remains - I need full list of
functions and macros intended for use in drivers.
Did Linux kernel developers write documentation which
has answers to he above question ?
My point is that Linux kernel and its documentation
is the primary source of info, any book is secondary.
I need pointers to the primary source. | <urn:uuid:b93fbb09-a111-445f-8cfc-88345cd71b0e> | 2013-05-21T10:00:54Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Top White Papers
Which Linux distribution would you save?
Six open source security myths debunked - and eight real challenges to consider
Articles by Wilma Silbermann
Linux Professional Institute News - March 20th 2001 (Mar 20, 2001)
LPI News - November 27th 2000 (Nov 28, 2000)
Linux Professional Institute News for September 6th 2000 (Sep 06, 2000) | <urn:uuid:ff1f16b7-71b6-4845-8d16-539a58e75606> | 2013-05-21T10:28:55Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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underablackrainbow wrote:Hi. Can someone tell me if a method can be used outside of a generic function?
- no, but you can pretend that it can, because invoking a generic function looks exactly the same as invoking a regular function (this is not a coincidence)
- yes, you should be able to do what you describe, though a little tweaking may be required
Methods only exist
in the context of a generic function, in the sense that the generic defines the API, and the method then implements that API in whatever manner is best suited to the class(es) on which it's specialised. If you just invoke defmethod without first defining a generic function, CL infers what the generic should look like and creates it automagically. So from that perspective, you can't use methods without generics being involved in some way, even if you don't explicitly make it happen.
Similarly, when you define a method without first defining its generic function, and then call that method with suitable arguments, you don't need to think in terms of the generic function; you can just look at it as applying that method to its arguments in the same way that you do with a function. However, what you're actually
doing is invoking the generic function, which then goes through the CLOS dispatch system, finds the most specific method that matches the arguments, and then calls on that.
The upshot is that you can think about it in whichever terms suit you (invoking a method vs invoking the generic function), though in the long term you're definitely better off getting comfortable with CLOS' dispatch system.
I'm glossing over a detail or two here, but hopefully that helps a bit.
Moving on to the code that you give as an example: what you seem to be doing there is improvising the basic skeleton of what CLOS does when it dispatches a generic function on an argument list. You're making extra work for yourself while still (if implicitly) involving all the system overhead that goes with using methods, while effectively using them as functions. Is there a particular reason you're not just using either CLOS or simple functions? What is it that you're trying to accomplish here? | <urn:uuid:29e3d55a-6ea9-4566-8f29-b244d6edba2c> | 2013-05-21T10:26:31Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Best Westerns of All-Time (Updated)
542 8 81. The Searchers (1956)
This movie is considered by some to be the greatest western ever. It contains what I consider to be John Wayne's best and most complex performance. It was directed by the great John Ford and features many of his stock actors like Ward Bond, Ken Curtis, Harry Carey Jr, Hank Worden, and Patrick Wayne. It also features Jeffery Hunter, Natalie Wood, and Vera Miles.
Wayne's character is enigmatic and has a mysterious past. He shows up at his brother's house from the Civil War, several years after it had ended with a large amount of gold. It is never stated, but visually implied that there is a connection between him and his brother's wife.
The main plot centers on his search for his niece that was kipnapped by indians. This becomes an obsession to him and the search lasts for several years. In the process of his hunt, we see his predjudice and his intentions of killing the girl after finding out she was taken as one of the chief's wives. Some viewers have speculated the girl may secretly be his daughter by his brother's wife. This is Wayne's Oscar caliber performance, it is much better than the one he actually won for in True Grit.
Once Upon a Time in the West
1308 8.5 8.72. Once Upon a Time in the West (1968)
This is probably the best spaghetti western ever made. Sergio Leone, who had already proven himself with the Dollar Trilogy featuring Clint Eastwood, was given a generous budget and access to his favorite actor, Henry Fonda by United Artists.
He cast Fonda against type as the villian and made Charles Bronson the hero. These two were usually playing just the opposite in those days. It has some great western actors like Jason Robards, Jack Elam, and Woody Strode.
Fonda did not want to do the movie after reading the script. Eli Wallach, who had worked with Leone on The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly, convinced him to do it. He told Fonda the script doesn't matter, it is the style in which Leone works that makes his movies good.
260 7.5 7.73. Shane (1953)
This movie is another classic western that is ranked very highly. It has some great shots of the Grand Tetons and high plains near Jackson Hole, Wyoming that earned it an Oscar for cinematography.
It stars Alan Ladd as a gunfighter, who takes up with a homstead family in an isolated valley in Wyoming territory. After accepting a job as a farmhand, he gets drawn into the conflict between the settlers and a powerful cattle baron, who wants to run all the homesteaders out of the valley. This leads to the ultimate confrontation between Shane and the cattleman's hired gunslinger.
In addition to Ladd, the movie features Van Heflin, Jack Palance, Ben Johnson, Elisha Cook, Jr, and Edgar Buchanan.
The story is told through the eyes of the settler's son, Joey, who idolizes Shane. The movie was very influentual and you can recognize where it has inspired other movies, like Pale Rider. There was even a short-lived 1960s TV series starring a young David Carradine in the title role.
The Outlaw Josey Wales
412 7.6 7.94. The Outlaw Josey Wales (1976)
This is my favorite Clint Eastwood western. It tells the story of how a Missouri farmer comes to join a band of Confederate guerrillas during the Civil War as revenge after his wife and son are murdered by Union Jayhawkers from Kansas. He becomes a skilled gunfighter. The guerrillas are offered amnesty in exchange for their surrender at the conclusion of the war. Wales refuses to surrender to the murderers of his family, and as a result, survives the massacre that was set up under the ruse of amnesty.
After gunning down several members of the Union Army with a Gatling Gun, Wales becomes a wanted man with a price on his head. He begins a life on the run from Union militia and bounty hunters as he still seeks revenge for the massacre and the chance for a new life in Texas. In his travels, he aquires a group of companions that include a funny old indian, a young Navajo woman, an old Yankee Woman and her granddaughter.
The movie has lots of what you would expect: plenty of gunplay, and some tough one-liners from Clint.
The film features Cheif Dan George, who gives a very funny performance as the old indian.
Also featured are Sondra Locke, John Vernon, Sam Bottoms, Shed Wooley, Royal Dano, Matt Clark, John Russell, and Kyle Eastwood.
Pat Garrett and Billy The Kid
257 7.8 7.45. Pat Garrett & Billy the Kid (1973)
This movie takes place in the 1880s, but is very much a product of the 1970s. On paper, it seemed like it couldn't miss. For long-time western fans, it boasts just about every legendary western character actor in Hollywood and the great action director, Sam Peckinpah. For the younger audience of 1973, it had Kris Kristofferson, Rita Coolidge, and Bob Dylan (who also scored the film that featured 'Knockin' On Heaven's Door', which came to be one of his most popular songs).
The story is the familiar legend of Billy the Kid. It is not historically acurate, but none of the Billy the Kid movies are, unless they are documentaries. The main story centers on the myth that Pat Garrett was an old friend of Billy's and they used to ride together. Although the two definitely knew of each other, there has never been any evidence of them being friends or riding together. Garrett, played here by James Coburn, reluctantly hunts his old partner down after becoming sherriff of Lincoln and warning Billy to leave.
The movie was poorly received when it was first released. As a result of the studio being unhappy with Peckinpah's alcoholism and the cost of his production overruns, they demanded an unrealistic release date. This forced him into a desperate situation in order to finish on time. He managed to do a complete director's cut on time, but the studio was not happy with it. They wanted several sequences cut. They took the movie from him and truncated it to a shorter running time. This was the version released and panned by almost everyone. The movie credited 6 editors. It was difficult to follow the story and was a big disappointment to people expecting another 'Wild Bunch' from Peckinpah. The movie restored its reputation after the directors cut was released on video and laserdisc in the 1980s. This version led to a rediscovery and re-evaluation of the film. It is now regarded as something of a modern classic.
Some of the famous western actors featured are Richard Jaeckel, Chill Wills, Barry Sullivan, Jason Robards, RG Armstrong, Matt Clark, Jack Elam, Paul Fix, LQ Jones, Slim Pickens, Harry Dean Stanton, and Charles Martin Smith.
For A Few Dollars More
1064 8 8.36. For a Few Dollars More (1965)
This was Sergio Leone's sequel to his first successful collaboration with Clint Eastwood. It is the second film in what has become known as the 'Dollar Trilogy'. I think it is a better movie than 'Fist Full of Dollars'. It has a better story, and it has Lee Van Cleef.
The story is about 2 bounty hunters (Van Cleef and Eastwood) who discover they are both working the same territory. After initially butting heads, the 2 decide to join forces to take down the most ruthless killer in the territory. It is revealled they both have totally different motivations for doing this. Van Cleef is very good in this role. It was probably the first good guy role he had after working for years in bad guy or henchmen roles in Hollywood. The film also features Klaus Kinski in a small supporting role as a member of the outlaw gang. Clint solidified his strong, silent, shoot first and ask questions later character that he had originated in the first movie.
Leone wanted Charles Bronson for the role that Van Cleef played, but Bronson passed because he thought the script was too similiar to the first movie.
This is an under-rated and often overlooked film. After achieving acclaim in The Wild One, On The Waterfront, and A Streetcar Named Desire, this was Marlon Brando's directorial debut.
The story involves betrayal and revenge between 2 bankrobbers. Brando's production company initially hired Stanley Kubrick and Sam Peckinpah, but after they stalled, Brando fired them and hired himself as director. He shot extensive footage and ran over-budget due to his artistic and perfectionistic view of the scene set-ups. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Cinemaography, but made no money upon release. This resulted in Brando never directing another movie and the loss of his Hollywood clout for the rest of the decade. He acted in other roles, but never fully recovered the lost respect until The Godfather.
The film is now in the public domain and you can probably find it on DVD at the local dollar store. It remains an unusual western with some complex characters and beautifully shot scenery. It also features Karl Malden and supporting roles by Ben Johnson and Slim Pickens. I consider this a great lost masterpiece.
711 7.5 7.78. Tombstone (1993)
The gunfight at the OK corral and the Earp vendetta have been the subject of countless western movies. They usually are not very historically accurate. This one is pretty close. It has a lot of the western outlaws and lawmen involved. It is still a work of fiction based on historical fact.
Val Kilmer deserved acclaim for his portrayal of Doc Holliday and Kurt Russell (who also served as an uncredited co-director) is suprizingly good as Earp. I will not re-hash the plot, as I am sure we are all aware of the basic story here.
The movie was originally to have Robert Mitchum as Old Man Clanton, the head of the Clanton family and the cattle rustlers known as the Cowboys. Mitchum suffered a horse riding accident that left him unable to work. His part was written out and he became the narrator of the film. Much of Old Man Clanton's dialogue was spoken by other characters, mostly by Curly Bill.
The movie has an entertaining story and solid support from a very good cast including:
Kurt Russell, Val Kilmer, Sam Elliott, Bill Paxton, Powers Boothe, Chalton Heston, Jason Priestly, Terry O'Quinn, Stephen Lang, Thomas Haden Church, John Corbett, Dana Delaney, Billy Zane, Harry Carey, Jr, Frank Stallone, and Buck Taylor.
95 7.1 7.39. Hombre (1967)
Paul Newman was a great actor. He didn't make many Westerns. I can only think of this one, Butch Cassidy & The Sundance Kid, The Outrage, The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean, The Left-Handed Gun, and Buffalo Bill and the Indians (Which really wasn't a Western at all).
This one may not be remembered as much as Butch Cassidy, but it is much more serious and dramatic. It is considered a revisionist Western, because it views the Native American in a much more truthful way than previously seen in Westerns.
Newman is a white man raised by Apaches. He faces predjudice in the white world when he leaves the reservation to claim the inheritance left by his white father.
He winds up a passenger on a stagecoach of whites who, upon disovery that he is a half-breed, have him ride on top with the Mexican driver. The stage gets held up and the same bigots appeal to Newman's character to protect them.
Newman conveys his character with very little dialogue. Much of the role is conveyed through mannerism and action.
Richard Boone does a good job as the leader of the stage robbers. The cast includes:
Paul Newman, Richard Boone, Frederic March, Cameron Mitchell, Martin Balsam, Frank Silvera, and David Canary.
Blood on the Moon
20 6.5 6.810. Blood on the Moon (1948)
This is a rare phsycological Western from 1948 starring Robert Mitchum. It has many film noir elements.
Mitchum is a drifter offered a job, not realizing his new boss is a crook who intends to swindle landowners in a feud between cattle ranchers and homesteaders. He planned to have the cattle owner lose his grazing rights and thereby lose his stock.
After figuring out the scheme, Mitchum switches loyalty to the cattle owner and his family. This, of course, leads to a bloody showdown.
The movie is remembered as having a good sound story, good acting, and a change of pace from the usual run-of -the-mill formula westerns of the era. It climaxed with a knock-down drag-out fight, a long chase across snow-covered mountians, and a gun battle between Mitchum and the henchmen.
The cast includes, Robert Mitchum, Robert Preston, Walter Brennan, and Barbara Bel Geddes.
The Long Riders
78 7.2 711. The Long Riders (1980)
The Jesse James legend is another popular Western movie subject. They usually focus more on the legend and less on the historical facts.
This version is best remembered for the gimmick of casting 3 sets of real life acting brothers as 3 historical brothers involved with the James-Younger Gang and for the the soundtrack of original music by Ry Cooder.
James and Stacy Keach as Jesse and Frank James
David, Keith, and Robert Carradine as Cole, Jim, and Bob Younger.
Dennis and Randy Quaid as Ed and Clell Miller.
Christopher and Nicholas Guest as Charlie and Robert Ford.
The best performances are David Carradine as Cole and Randy Quaid as Clell.
The movie also features Kevin Brophy and Harry Carey Jr.
43 6.9 712. The Bravados (1958)
This is another tale of Western vengence. Gregory Peck plays a rancher, whose wife was murdered by a gang of outlaws. He goes to see the hanging of 4 men who fit the description of the murderers. When they escape, he volunteers to help track them down.
He dispenses his own brand of justice on each man, but after going on alone into the home of the last man, he has a revelation that causes him to re-think the whole thing and come up with a different conclusion.
Peck gives his usual solid performance and is supported by a cast that includes Stephen Boyd, Albert Salmi, Henry Silva, Lee Van Cleef, Andrew Duggan, and Joan Collins.
Rio Bravo / El Dorado
414 7.9 813. Rio Bravo (1959)
I put these 2 Howard Hawks/John Wayne films together because they are practically the same movie.
Rio Bravo was the first one filmed. The plot centered around a sherrif with one deputy who turned into a drunk, another who is an old man, and a young gunslinger named Colorado. These men have to guard a prisoner in the jail to prevent his gang from overtaking them and busting him out.
John Wayne plays Chance, the sheriff
Dean Martin is Dude, the drunken deputy
Ricky Nelson is Colorado, the young gunslinger
Walter Brennan is Stumpy, the old man
The cast also includes Ward Bond, Claude Akins, John Russell, and Angie Dickinson.
137 7.2 7.614. El Dorado (1966)
Director Howard Hawks made this loose varation of the same theme a few years later. Again, Hawks directed, Wayne starred, and the script was written by the same writer. It still centered around the idea of working against an outlaw element by 'holing up' with their prisoner in the jail.
When Wayne was told about the project, he asked Hawks if he could be the drunk this time, but Hawks said no.
Instead, Robert Mitchum played the drunken sheriff.
Wayne played a hired gunman and old friend of Mitchum's.
James Caan played Mississippi, a young man who is very good with a knife.
Arthur Hunnicutt played Bull, the old man.
In comparison to the first movie, you could say that Mitchum got the Dean Martin role,
Hunicutt got the Walter Brennan role,
and Caan got the Ricky Nelson role, but in a twist, he had him inept with a gun, but very skilled with a knife.
And John Wayne played John Wayne.
Although Wayne was not the sheriff this time, he still had the same function of organizing everyone and sobering up his drunk friend.
The cast also included Ed Asner, Christopher George, RG Armstrong, Paul Fix, Jim Davis, Johnny Crawford, and John Mitchum.
High Plains Drifter / Pale Rider
326 7.2 7.615. High Plains Drifter (1973)
These 2 Clint Eastwood movies are put together because they are very similiar.
High Plains Drifter was directed by Eastwood and the influence of his 2 major collaborators, Sergio Leone and Don Seigel, is evident.
The story is about a mysterious stranger with a hint of the supernatural. He rides into town and winds up literally painting the town red. He is hired by the town to protect them against 3 outlaws the town has double crossed after the outlaws had whipped and killed the sheriff for them. The sheriff had discovered illegal operations within the mining company and the town wanted this kept quiet. After the outlaws did the town's bidding, the town turned on them. Now the outlaws are returning for revenge. In payment for his services, the town offers the stranger anything he wants and the stranger proceeds to indulge in all the town's products and services.
On the eve of the outlaws' arrival, the stranger rides out of town. The outlaws have no trouble in getting the people all captive in the saloon by nightfall. The stranger returns after dark and takes out the outlaws one by one. He dispenses some justice on the corrupt townspeople as well. The next morning as he rides out, it is implied the stranger may have been the sheriff's brother or perhaps his spirit, as he rides off and disappears into the heat of the high plains.
In addition to Eastwood, the movie features Verna Bloom, Geoffery lewis, Paul Brinegar, Richard Bull, John Hillerman, and John Quade.
369 7.1 7.216. Pale Rider (1985)
Clint Eastwood directs this movie that has plot
similarities to Shane and High Plains Drifter.
The film is set in a Californian town that is the base for a big-time hydraulic mining company. The big company wants to run the group of struggling miners and their families out of the area where they are panning for gold. When the big mining company's thugs shoot up the small mining camp, they shoot and kill a young girl's dog. She buries him in the woods and prays for help over his grave. The next thing we see is a stranger riding toward town. He gets there in time to single handedly beat up the thugs that were beating a miner trying to buy supplies from the store.
It is revealled this mysterious man has scars on his back that would indicate he has been shot full of holes at one time, but somehow survived. He is also wearing the collar of a preacher and that is what the small miners call him. He works with the miners and keeps the thugs away from their camp.
When the head of the big mining company is unable to hire the Preacher, or bribe him with a new church, he hires outside gunmen to come in and take care of him. This leads to the big showdown between the gang of gunmen and the Preacher.
The supernatural aspect of the story is more obvious than the implied, flashbacks of High Plains Drifter. Several Bible passages are referrred to, such as the "And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death." Eastwood has admitted the character Preacher was an out-and-out ghost. The hired gunman seemed to know this mysterious man, but said the man he knew is dead. When he finally is taken down by the Preacher, he looks at him in shock and says, "You!". This seems to support that this is the dead man he knew. Prior to killing the main gunman, Preacher took out all his henchmen one by one like the stranger did to the outlaws in High Plains Drifter.
The movie is similiar to Shane in that the big powerful force in the area is trying to eliminate the smaller claims. In Shane it was the big cattleman against the small homesteaders. Here it is the big miner against the small prospecters. The scene where the miner hits a big load and comes into town only to be murdred by the hired gunmen is almost the same as in Shane. The scene where the Preacher is helping the miner bust open a big rock in the creek is similiar to Shane helping the homesteader dig up a big stump out of his field. And, finally at the end, when the Preacher rides out, the girl calls after him, like the iconic scene at the conclusion of Shane.
The cast includes Michael Moriarty, Carrie Snodgress, Richard Dysart, Christopher Penn, Sydney Penny, Richard Keil, and John Russell.
The Wild Bunch
592 8.1 8.117. The Wild Bunch (1969)
This movie is widely regarded in the top 10 of many different lists of best Westerns. It was directed by Sam Peckinpah and was controversial due to its depiction of graphic violence (often using multi-angle editing and slow motion images) and its portrayal of crude men attempting to survive by any means possible.
This was inspired by Peckinpah's perception of the lack of reality seen in Westerns up until that time. He meticulously captured the chaotic nature of the action in a gunfight. Up until that time all gunshots in a Warner Bros movie had the exact same sound, regardless of the type of weapon fired. He insisted each different type of firearm have its own specific sound when fired.
It is more of an anti-Western. It tells the story of an aging outlaw gang trying to survive in the changing times of 1913. It was the end of the outlaw gunfighter era and the Bunch was living by an anachronistic code of honor that was out of place in 20th century modern society.
It was well received by the critics in spite of the violence and was nominated for several Academy Awards.
The cast includes William Holden, Ernest Borgnine, Robert Ryan, Edmond O'Brian, Warren Oates, Ben Johnson, Strother Martin, LQ Jones, Bo Hopkins, and Dub Taylor.
It was announced in January 2011 that this movie will be remade by Warner Bros.
People who voted for this also voted for | <urn:uuid:f08112bb-e1bb-4015-88b0-a9e20775feff> | 2013-05-21T10:36:34Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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About the Canadian metal band Anvil. At 14, Toronto school friends Steve "Lips" Kudlow and Robb Reiner made a pact to rock together forever. Their band, Anvil, went on to become the "demigods of Canadian metal," releasing one of the heaviest albums in metal history, 1982's "Metal on Metal." It went on to sell millions of records, but Anvil's career didn't flourish afterwards. Instead, they went straight to obscurity.
Tiziana Arrigoni, Kevin Goocher, Steve "Lips" Kudlow, William Howell, Robb Reiner | <urn:uuid:f9774103-1201-4b17-b65a-21d557088ad0> | 2013-05-21T10:14:35Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Having arrived back in India to take command of Fort St. David, south of Madras, in June 1756, on 16 October 1756 Clive led a British army force from in Madras to retake Calcutta from Siraj-ud-Daula. He recaptured Calcutta on 2 January 1757 and forced Siraj-ud-Daula to pay compensation and permit British fortification of the city.
Editors. "British recapture Calcutta from Mogul forces". The Literary Encyclopedia. First published 01 February 2010
[http://www.litencyc.com/php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=4183, accessed 21 May 2013.] | <urn:uuid:9bb58517-8473-4b7a-b85c-17007dbbd260> | 2013-05-21T10:07:49Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Home / News
14. CHAPTER XIV : KULAN TITH'S SACRIFICE
The morning of the second day of her incarceration in the east tower of the palace of Astok, Prince of Dusar, found Thuvia of Ptarth waiting in dull apathy the coming of the assassin.
She had exhausted every possibility of escape, going over and over again the door and the windows, the floor and the walls.
The solid ersite slabs she could not even scratch; the tough Barsoomian glass of the windows would have shattered to nothing less than a heavy sledge in the hands of a strong man. The door and the lock were impregnable. There was no escape. And they had stripped her of her weapons so that she could not even anticipate the hour of her doom, thus robbing them of the satisfaction of witnessing her last moments.
When would they come? Would Astok do the deed with his own hands? She doubted that he had the courage for it. At heart he was a coward--she had known it since first she had heard him brag as, a visitor at the court of her father, he had sought to impress her with his valour.
She could not help but compare him with another. And with whom would an affianced bride compare an unsuccessful suitor? With her betrothed? And did Thuvia of Ptarth now measure Astok of Dusar by the standards of Kulan Tith, Jeddak of Kaol?
She was about to die; her thoughts were her own to do with as she pleased; yet furthest from them was Kulan Tith. Instead the figure of the tall and comely Heliumite filled her mind, crowding therefrom all other images.
She dreamed of his noble face, the quiet dignity of his bearing, the smile that lit his eyes as he conversed with his friends, and the smile that touched his lips as he fought with his enemies--the fighting smile of his Virginian sire.
And Thuvia of Ptarth, true daughter of Barsoom, found her breath quickening and heart leaping to the memory of this other smile--the smile that she would never see again. With a little half-sob the girl sank to the pile of silks and furs that were tumbled in confusion beneath the east windows, burying her face in her arms.
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For information about public domain texts appearing here, read the copyright information and disclaimer. | <urn:uuid:2b608de5-942c-4b99-bbfe-1ac5f8a0cf53> | 2013-05-21T10:19:53Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Mort Kustler Civil War Print Framed Col. Grierson
Here are Colonel Grierson's Butternut Guerrillas at Newton Station, Mississippi, April 24, 1863. * * * Artist: Mort Kustler * * Title: "Grierson's Butternut Guerrillas" * Medium: Print on acid free canvas textured paper * * Image Size: 13"x10.5" * * Edition: Framed and matted calendar printing * * Framing: In high quality mahogany frame * Matte: choice of 4 colors, Navy Blue, Leaf Green, Grey, Burgundy Red (please specify) * Overall Size: 18"x16"Condition: Excellent condition * Early on the morning of April 24, 1863, a gray-clad band quietly rode into Newton Station, Mississippi. No one suspected the trouble that these men would be causing the enemy - not the Union, but the Confederacy! They were the Butternut Guerrillas, Union soldiers dressed as Confederates, and the advance part of Colonel Benjamin Grierson's raiding force of seventeen hundred men. At Newton, the guerrillas captured one train, and then pounced upon another, destroying vital supplies meant for Vicksburg. Then they raced into Louisiana. After a ride of six hundred miles in sixteen days, during which the guerrillas wreaked havoc, only twenty-six were killed, wounded, or captured. | <urn:uuid:c0e9a59d-a9fd-4c4c-a91a-17d74c8be129> | 2013-05-21T10:36:35Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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According to reports within Syria the village of al-Treimseh (Tremseh) was overran by the Free Syrian army (FSA) terrorists who installed fear into the local community. After this happened the armed forces of Syria had no option but to launch a counter-offensive after local residents called for help. It would appear that the counter-offensive by the Syrian army was well coordinated and once more it highlights the reality that terrorists desire to fight in built up areas in the knowledge that civilians will be killed.
The cache of weapons captured by the military of Syria also implies that the military authorities involved in crushing terrorists in al-Treimseh had planned the assault with tight precision. This also applies to well-informed advice by local villagers who gave valuable information to the armed forces of Syria. It is therefore clear that local residents were distraught by recent events and asked the military for help. The request for help was badly needed after terrorists began to kill and do other criminal acts against the local community in al-Treimseh.
It is interesting to note that after all the usual statements given by the BBC against the government of Syria, that a contradictory statement was allowed. This applies to the statement by Jaafar because the BBC reports that“Jaafar, an activist with the opposition Sham News Network (SNN), also told the AFP news agency most of those killed had been FSA fighters.”
“At this stage, though we do not yet have the final count, the number of civilians killed by shelling is not more than seven.”
This account would correspond more closely with the statements made by the armed forces of Syria and media outlets within the country. Also, the military counter-offensive would imply that the FSA terrorists had been outfoxed. After all, the counter offensive by the Syrian armed forces was extremely swift and highlights the fact of high morale. In saying this, it is still clear that the armed forces of Syria can’t mop up entirely because the military desire to protect civilians who have been kidnapped by FSA terrorists.
Weapons captured according to the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA) include “45 machineguns, 13 Nato sniper rifles, 9 RPG launchers, 7 BKC machineguns, 3 mortars, 3 hand-made rockets, 14 pump-action rifles, 10 military pistols, 24 mortar shells, 32 RPG shells, 53 machinegun chargers, 30 sniper rifle chargers, 8 explosive devices, 10 grenades, 150 detonators, 1500 sniper rifle bullets, 5000 BKC machinegun bullets, 4200 machinegun bullets, 500 pistol bullets, 7 gas masks, 5 prism binoculars, 25 satellite wireless devices, 30 shields, in addition to materials for making explosive devices, explosives and large amounts of gunpowder, TNT templates, highly explosive C4 material, a field hospital and an amount of military equipment, stolen cars and registration licenses.”
An eyewitness named Abo Arif al-Khalid made it clear that villagers had lived a nightmare when terrorists overran al-Treimseh. Abo Arif al-Khalid stated that ”Had the Army or security personnel existed in the village, the terrorists wouldn’t have been able to overrun the village and perpetrate their massacres.” This information was relayed on Syrian television and by SANA which collected this information at the scene of the FSA terrorist attack again innocent civilians.
The timing of the attack resembles similar events in Syria prior to the United Nations holding an important political session about this country. Condemnations by the usual players against the government of Syria were stated immediately despite very little initial information. This factor is also a re-run of past events and clearly this is even raising eyebrows within Western media agencies which are opposed to the government of Syria. Once more it is clear that FSA terrorists have no qualms in entering villages, towns and cities – and then launching attacks against local people and the Syrian armed forces. It is therefore abundantly clear that FSA terrorists are using the “cover of civilians” in order to spread their powerbase and in the full knowledge that the armed forces of Syria need to respond to such provocation.
It is clear that the military counter-attack by the Syrian armed forces was well planned and coordinated. This may lead to the view that a new reinvigoration of the Syria armed forces is taking place. Or it may hint to the knowledge that powerful terrorist ratlines were known to have been in al-Treimseh after local people gave important information to the armed forces of Syria. At the moment this is still “speculation” but the speed of the counter-offensive points to valuable counter-terrorist planning.
Dead bodies of ordinary civilians were found and according to SANA these individuals had been killed by terrorists who merely used local people to be a cover for their FSA terrorist agenda. Similarly, the behavior of some leading politicians and media agencies in inciting hatred towards Syria must be questioned. After all, the usual condemnation could be heard long before the most basic of facts were known. This is not only unprofessional but it is also inciting hatred towards the government of Syria
|Liveleak on Facebook| | <urn:uuid:e05c8f2a-5203-4579-93f6-996a7a9efa09> | 2013-05-21T10:07:58Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Sebastian Coates is one of the most promising centre-backs in world football.
The Uruguay international was brought to Anfield from Nacional in August 2011 having been voted the best young player at the 2011 Copa America.
Standing at a towering 6ft 6in, he is renowned for his commanding aerial displays - both defensively and offensively.
Coates is also capable of executing spectacular goals like his scissor-kick at Loftus Road during his debut season in England.
The defender joined the Nacional academy at 11 and went on to break into the first-team seven years later, making his senior debut against Bella Vista in 2009.
Although he played just three months of the 2008-09 campaign for Nacional, his performances for the title-winning team led to the prestigious Uruguayan Championship Revelation of the Season crown.
That summer, Coates made his international bow, playing in the U20 World Cup where Uruguay went unbeaten in a group that also contained England and eventual winners Ghana.
The 2010-11 season proved to be another glittering campaign for the defender as Nacional clinched another title, while on a personal level Coates scooped the Uruguayan Championship Player of the Season and Defender of the Season accolades.
It led to a first senior international cap just a week before the Copa America finals in a friendly against Estonia. Injuries meant Coates was handed his chance to play in the tournament alongside compatriot Luis Suarez as Uruguay surged towards the trophy.
The youngster's composed displays belied his tender years and, as a result, earned the accolade of Young Player of the Tournament.
Coates is nicknamed 'Luganito' by Uruguay fans as he's seen as the natural successor to the current captain of the national team, Diego Lugano. Indeed, Lugano himself has spoken of his belief that our No.16 will go on to skipper his country.
First though he must look to become a first-team regular at Anfield.
Coates made 12 appearances in 2011-12 following a debut as a substitute away to Tottenham on September 18.
He then represented Uruguay in the 2012 London Olympics, though their tournament ended in the group stages. | <urn:uuid:8cb73898-e01f-4e9b-8fee-99ab7afd536d> | 2013-05-21T10:27:03Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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1 cup Quinoa, rinsedpinch of salt1 tablespoon fresh grated ginger3 stalks celery, sliced2 tablespoons Tamari1 tablespoon Sake, Mirin, or white wine (optional)2 cups water1 tablespoon canola oil1 medium onion, chopped fine1 cup frozen green peas1 cup cooked shrimp, chopped into 1/2
|Place Quinoa, water and Sea Salt in a saucepan and bring to a boil. Reduce to a simmer, cover, and cook until all of the water is absorbed, about 15 minutes.
Spoon out into a bowl and allow to cool slightly.
Heat a wok or large skillet, Add oil and ginger. Over a medium-high flame, sauté onion and then celery until partially cooked.
Add 4 cups cooked Quinoa and Tamari, stir once, cover and
cook for 5 minutes.
Add peas, shrimp and Sake, cover and cook for 2 minutes. | <urn:uuid:7ce0a5d2-0bdc-47e2-b0a0-06704bf56973> | 2013-05-21T10:20:01Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Races start with heats, the number of which depends on the number of swimmers in the event. Swimmers are seeded in advance and these seedings are used to determine the heat each swimmer starts in – the top seeds will be placed in different heats. Seedings are also used to determine the lane each athlete will swim in – the higher the seeding the closer to the centre lanes of the pool.
The top eight swimmers from the heats progress to the final. As in the heats, the swimmers’ seedings are used to decide which lane they are allocated.
Swimming events need many officials including timekeepers, start and finish judges, stroke judges and an overall chief referee who is in charge of the competition. | <urn:uuid:32277bab-4615-41f1-8a2c-22b0fe10ae97> | 2013-05-21T10:21:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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8. IS3139: Software engineering: theory and application (25th July 2011)
IS3139: Software engineering: theory and application: amendment has been made to the relative weighting of the coursework and the examination. The original text in the syllabus for IS3139 Software engineering: theory and application stated that the examination will contribute 40% to the overall mark and that the coursework will contribute 60%. The correct percentages towards the overall mark are 60% for the examination and 40% for the coursework, and the syllabus has been amended accordingly. | <urn:uuid:8d274926-807c-400c-ae25-f93a22f0594c> | 2013-05-21T10:27:32Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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I think what he ment was his facial features.
That's how I understood it anyway.
Empire At War
- What we do in life, echoes in eternity!
- May the pants be with you!
A smile is the shortest distance between people - Victor Borge!
Custom Avatar by Wraith 8 | <urn:uuid:5ecfc7b4-a428-45ea-add4-526df349f1b4> | 2013-05-21T10:00:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Originally Posted by urluckyday
^That's not true...they are popular...but there's just not that much news for the games...
Well that is actually true because they wouldnt be making season 2 for wii if it werent popular. My mistake.
"The Simple truth is that we've
lost control of our own borders,
and no nation can do that and survive" | <urn:uuid:d6ce6659-24c0-4199-88c4-a96de4636364> | 2013-05-21T10:07:37Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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I gave it a shot, but it was just as choppy as the other compatibility modes. I've been using CPU Grabber, which has helped immensely, but the speech/animation lag still occurs at intervals. Just not as a dramatically as it did without the application. And of course, I've fussed with all the possible levels of CPU Grabbage, if you will.
Any other suggestions?
I can't seem to think up a good signature. | <urn:uuid:12c90186-2418-40f2-98af-8fa077ecff94> | 2013-05-21T10:15:02Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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- Shop Lush:
- Gorilla Perfume
- Emotional Brilliance
Try your search again using these tips:
- Double check the spelling. Try varying the spelling.
- Limit the search to one or two words.
- Be less specific in your wording. Sometimes a more general term will lead you to the similar products. | <urn:uuid:fa43092a-2dda-47c3-964e-8adfd5fe3406> | 2013-05-21T10:35:38Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A-man wrote:Is post-pro allowed if its purely to combine 2 renders? Like one render with a transparent background is put over a second render?
B.Y.O.B. wrote:I'm joining in, too (my first competition ).
Just in case that I missinterpret the title: the term "Secret Space" means a location, a place that only a few or even no people know of - is that right?
Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 0 guests | <urn:uuid:984956a2-d4b3-4bbf-8903-c8a66abcc468> | 2013-05-21T10:34:45Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Rice cake is very familiar food for Koreans. Whenever special occasions come, the first thing my mother and grand mother planned was to make rice cake. However these days people are more likely buying rice cake rather than making their own. I am going to make gyung dan, rice cake balls and show you it can be a good gift.
- 2 cups of sweet rice flour (Mochiko powder)
- 3/4 cup of boiling water (or 1 cup)
- salt, sugar, brown sugar
- 1 cups of red beans
- 1 ts of cinnamon powder
- black sesame seeds powder
- mugwort powder
- toasted yellow soy bean powder, and 1 or 2 cups of flour
Make red bean paste
- In a pot, place 1 cup of washed red beans and 4 cups of water and heat it over high heat for 10 minutes.
- Lower the heat to low medium and simmer for 50 minutes.
- Check if the beans are cooked fully. Remove extra water from the beans and crush them with a wooden spoon.
- Add 1 cup of brown sugar, ¼-½ ts of salt, 1 ts of cinnamon powder into the red bean paste and set it aside.
Prepare 3 bowls where 3 different kinds of powder will be placed for the rice cake balls
- Black sesame seeds:
- Rinse and drain ½ cup of black sesame seeds in running water using a strainer.
- Heat a pan over medium heat and pour in the sesame seeds.
- Cook the sesame seeds by stirring with a wooden spoon.
- The sesame seeds will pop, then lower the heat and keep stirring until they are crispy. (5- 10 minutes)
- When the sesame seeds cool down, grind them with a coffee grinder.
- Transfer the sesame seeds powder to a bowl and add 2 tbs sugar and a pinch of salt and mix it.
- Put ½ cup of toasted soybean powder (kong gaa ru in Korean) in a bowl and add 2
tbs of sugar and a pinch of salt and mix it.
- Put ½ cup of mugwort powder (ssook gaa ru in Korean) in a bowl and add 2
tbs of sugar and a pinch of salt and mix it
Make rice cake dough.
- In a bowl, place 2 cups of sweet rice powder, 2 tbs of sugar, ½ ts of salt.
- Pour 2/3 cup of hot water little by little while you are mixing it with a spoon
- Mix the dough by hand.
*tips: if you feel the dough is too wet, add some plain flour
- Put the rice cake dough into a plastic bag and set it aside
In a big pot, place a lot of water and boil it
Let’s make rice cake!
- Take the rice cake dough out from the plastic bag and place it on the cutting board.
Tip: To protect the dough from being stuck to the board, sprinkle some plain flour before placing the rich cake dough.
- Divide the dough into 2 and roll each one to make cylinder shape and cut it into 18-20 pieces.
- Roll each piece of rice dough with your hands and make a hole in the middle of the ball with your thumb. Then turn the ball into a cup.
- Put the bean paste into the middle.
- Close it tightly and place it on a plate.
Tip: While you are making rice balls, the rest of dough may get dried, so cover them with wet cloth or paper towel.
- Carefully put all the rice cake balls into boiling water. When the rice cake balls are cooked, they float. It will take about 3 -5 minutes until they float.
- Prepare lots of cold water in a big bowl.
- Put the cooked rice balls into cold water and drain them.
- Roll the cooked rice balls in the 3 different colors of powder and transfer them to a plate. | <urn:uuid:16d676d7-b838-459d-94d8-a76a5fb61ef9> | 2013-05-21T10:12:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The name "Bangalore" is an anglicised version of "Bengalooru," a word in the local Kannada language that was given to a town. The story goes that this word was derived from the phrase "bende kaalu ooru," which translates into "the town of boiled beans." Bangalore City, the most upwardly mobile city in Asia, is the Capital of Karnataka State in South India. It is called the Garden City for its delicate blossoms and greenery that impart a unique beauty to this lovely city. Bangalore is known for its sprawling gardens, stylish shopping malls, well designed arcades, emporia, art galleries, exotic and mouth watering restaurants pubs, and its own style and sophistication. Also known as the Silicon Valley of India, Bangalore is home for some of the most prestigious Educational Institutions, Multinational Companies and has hosted several National and International events in the recent past. The first city in India to get electricity, Bangalore continues, in many ways, to blaze the trail in terms of the country's quest for a modern identity. Once known as the Garden City, the country's most pristine city evolved significantly when the high-tech revolution hit and it suddenly found itself at the center of the nation's massive computer hardware and software industries. Its cosmopolitan spirit fueled as much by its luminous pub and cafe culture as by the influx of international businesspeople, India's high-tech hub has a high-energy buzz, yet it's tangibly calmer and cleaner than most other places in the country, with far and away the best climate of any Indian city -- no doubt the reason the majority of upwardly mobile Indians rank it the number-one city in which to live. One of the many reasons why Bangalore is a favorite spot for visitors is the pleasant weather. Bangaloreans are very proud of this God-given gift.
Geography of Bangalore
Situated at an altitude of 920 metres above sea level, Bangalore is the principal administrative, cultural, commercial and industrial centre of the state of Karnataka. The city, which is spread over an area of 2190 square kilometres, enjoys a pleasant and equable climate throughout the year. Its tree-lined streets and abundant greenery have led to it being called the 'Garden City' of India. The climate is moderate and pleasant. Summers are mild (April-June) and winters are cool (October-February). The city experiences southwestern monsoon rains in June-August. (Interactive map of Bangalore)
History of Bangalore
It is said that King Ballala of the Hoysala dynasty lost his way in the jungle while on a hunting expedition. Tired and hungry, he encountered a poor, old woman who offered him the only food she had - some boiled beans. Grateful to her, the king named the place "bende kaalu ooru." However, historical evidence shows that "Bengalooru" was recorded much before King Ballala's time in a 9th century temple inscription in the village of Begur. "Bengalooru" still exists today within the city limits in Kodigehalli area and is called "Halebengalooru" or "Old Bangalore."
Bangalore was conquered by Mohammed Adil Shah, the Sultan of Bijapur. Later it was captured by Mughals
who held it for 3 years. In 1687, the Mughal Sultan of Sira province
sold Bangalore to king Chikkadevaraja Wodeyar of Mysore for 3 lac
pagodas, who built a second fort to the south of that built by
Kempegowda I. In 1759, Hyder Ali received Bangalore as a jagir from
Krishna raja Wodeyar II. He fortified the southern fort and made
Bangalore an army town.
Lalbagh Botanical gardens
Tipu's Summer Palace
Visveswaraiah Industrial and Technological Museum
This is one of the oldest museum which existed in the country, opened in 1886. It has 18 galleries including Neolithic finds from the Chandravalli excavations, and from the Indus valley, especially Mohanjedaro antiquities. The museum exhibit the antique jewellery, textiles, coins and miniature paintings.
The Venkatappa Art Gallery is next to the museum exhibits the works done by the Karnataka Painter. The state products are displayed at the Trade Centre, next door to the Visveswaraya Industrial and Technological Museum.
Bannerghatta National Park
The park is situated in a
picturesque surrounding with a variety of fauna, at Anekal Road. The
main attractions are bisons, Elephants, Baboons, Panthers, Jackals
and Lion tailed Monkeys. The park has a snake park and lion and
India - Andhra Pradesh - Arunachal Pradesh - Assam - Bihar - Chhattisgarh - Goa - Gujarat - Haryana - Himachal Pradesh - Jammu Kashmir - Jharkhand - Karnataka - Kerala - Madhya Pradesh - Maharashtra - Manipur - Meghalaya - Mizoram - Nagaland - New Delhi - Orissa - Pondicherry - Punjab - Rajasthan - Sikkim - Tamil Nadu - Tripura - Uttarakhand - Uttar Pradesh - West Bengal - Indian Search Engines - Official India map
MaharashtraWeb.com. Contact Editor | <urn:uuid:a092d9d8-693c-45d0-b362-65ea191a1c65> | 2013-05-21T10:28:13Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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LOS ANGELES — Researchers have some new advice for high school students who want to improve their grades: Become friends with academically oriented classmates.
It may sound obvious, but researchers went to considerable effort to prove it.
They surveyed all members of the junior class at Maine-Endwell High School in Endwell, N.Y., and asked students to rate each of their classmates as either a "best friend," a "friend," an "acquaintance" or someone they didn't know. They got responses from 92 percent of students and used them to reconstruct the social networks among 158 11th-graders as of Jan. 11, 2011.
The research team also obtained the grade point averages for all 158 students in January 2011 and January 2012, so they could track how their academic performance changed over time. For the analysis, those GPAs were converted into class rankings. Then they compared the rankings of each student to those of their best friends, friends and acquaintances.
Sure enough, the researchers found a linear relationship between a student's grades and the academic environment of their social network. If a student's class ranking at the start of the study was higher than usual for her social network, it tended to fall over the course of the year.
Conversely, if a student ranked below the rest of her group, her class ranking tended to rise.
The most significant influence appeared to be the grades of those labeled as "friends." To explain this, the researchers hypothesized that the grades of "best friends" made little difference in the equation because they were probably very similar to start with. But the gaps between students and their "friends" were bigger, so there was more opportunity for influence.
The findings were published recently in the journal PLOS ONE. The results are in line with other studies showing that happiness, obesity and other traits can spread through social networks.
Of note: Six of the study authors are students at Maine-Endwell High. The senior author is Hiroki Sayama, director of the Collective Dynamics of Complex Systems research group at Binghamton University in Binghamton, N.Y. | <urn:uuid:843969ac-25a2-4f76-9ae8-131550c09e8c> | 2013-05-21T10:36:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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I have two differential equations describing a solar sail in 2D.
One is my radial direction and one is the tangential direction.
I have plotted r(t) and theta(t) but I want r(theta) so I have assigned my two differential equations and initial conditions, have my two plots for r and theta in terms of t and then I have used the following command to plot in polar coordinates:
and my final result doesn't give the theta values that I want.
Can anyone help? | <urn:uuid:5f54bb43-a54b-400d-9482-ad6a3ec9d8e2> | 2013-05-21T10:26:59Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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In a rapidly changing, increasingly technological world, companies are finding it more important to change the way they invest their man-hours and expand their facilities. Bollinger Shipyards has aggressively expanded its physical facilities over the past few years, but realized expansion of the facilities without a thorough revamp of its internal communications systems would be foolish and costly, in the long run.
The company employs 1,800 and is comprised of eight shipyards in Southern Louisiana. The most distant offices are still within 120 miles of each other.
Until recently, the shipyards were using several different software systems to produce financial and operational information. In addition, several manual processes and mechanisms were used in estimating, scheduling, purchasing and accounting. To compare or consolidate the information, countless manual hours were expended collecting and merging the information from different software and databases.
Attempts had been made in the past to implement software that all the yards would share, but the attempts were not been successful due to software limitation and the inability of the company to perform the necessary changes required to implement such a system.
To facilitate its strategy of aligning management and resources along lines of business as opposed to geography, Bollinger turned
to Arthur Andersen, one of the country's premier management consultancies, and Oracle, one of the world's leading software system manufacturers.
Building on the concept of taking a more centralized view of providing services, management and support to all of the company's businesses, the company planned to connect all its locations via a T-1 based Wide Area Network (WAN) and then implement an Enterprise Resource Planning System (ERP), a system using one database and several software application modules to automate all of a company's key operational and financial processes.
Prior to the purchase of Oracle ERP applications software, the company embarked on an extensive selection process designed to match the company's needs and requirements for a comprehensive system to the functionality of individual ERP systems. Due to the time constraints involved prior to the company's Y2K deadlines, the company hired Arthur Andersen LLP as a consultant to assist in the selection and implementation process.
Once the system was selected, the question of cost came next. And although the cost of implementing the Oracle system was steep (estimated $2.5 million), the cost of not having the system was potentially even greater. According to the company, the cost of implementing the system became more justifiable with the realization of an anticipated annual savings (both direct and indirect) of between $750,000 and $1 million, with purchasing and material handling leading the pack at an estimated annual savings of $600,000 per year.
The full suite of products installed include Manufacturing, Projects, Project Manufacturing, Purchasing, Inventory, HR/Payroll, Financials and MRP. The package is designed to enable the company to have all its information under one database/suite of products and shared throughout all of the divisions. In addition, Oracle's software is browser-based and designed to operate over the Internet, which will reduce maintenance costs of the system. All updates, upgrades, system changes, maintenance and end user changes are made locally on the centralized server.
Once fully operational, the efficiencies and cost savings will be plentiful. The cost to produce and process P.O.'s, pick lists, requisitions, invoices, A/P checks, payroll, HR requests and other functions will decrease substantially. Project managers will have more accurate and timely information to make crucial real-time decisions on the shop floor. Estimators will have more task-level information and history to assist them in projecting the cost of building vessels.
Schedulers and shop floor managers will have automated maps of material and manpower requirements, increasing labor efficiency. Inventory will be more accurate and visible throughout the system. Finally, purchasing will have the advantage of a master parts list encompassing all of the company's divisions, which will facilitate the company's centralized purchasing initiative and allow Bollinger to capitalize on the buying power of its combined divisions. | <urn:uuid:6e527177-dd22-4fba-8f2f-4dac9ca9a1a1> | 2013-05-21T10:21:46Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Hi everyone! I'm Jada. I've watched this site for years and finally decided to join. As an anthropology major, I find everything about this way of life fascinating. I hope to make a slow transition to primal.
I have some good opinion about this site.i think site will help everyone to post there valuable comments. | <urn:uuid:cca369af-0a11-4cab-a038-6c0533b4e50d> | 2013-05-21T10:21:13Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A star in the R&B world before she was even out of her teens, Aaliyah
's promising career was tragically cut short by her death in a plane crash at age 22. Even with only three albums under her belt, she'd already earned a place as a talented trendsetter among the R&B elite. Following a successful transition to a more mature image, Aaliyah
played a major role in popularizing the stuttering, futuristic production style that consumed hip-hop and urban soul in the late '90s. Her work with Timbaland
, especially, was some of the most forward-looking R&B of its time, even while the competing neo-soul movement was gaining prominence. Aaliyah
's death came on the heels of her third and most accomplished album, making it especially unfortunate that she was robbed of a chance to continue her creative development.
Aaliyah Dana Haughton was born January 16, 1979, in Brooklyn, and named after a Swahili word meaning "most exalted one." Her uncle, Barry Hankerson
, was a manager and entertainment lawyer who was married to Gladys Knight
for a time, and her mother, also a singer, enrolled Aaliyah
in voice lessons before she'd even started school. Still very young, she moved with her family to Detroit, where she sang in several school plays. At age nine, she successfully auditioned for the TV show Star Search, where she performed "My Funny Valentine" (and lost). Two years later, thanks to her uncle Hankerson
's connections, she spent five nights in Las Vegas performing as part of Gladys Knight
's revue. In addition to his niece, Hankerson
was also managing a rising R&B star named R. Kelly
, and introduced the two in 1992. Kelly
soon took Aaliyah
under his wing and began writing and producing songs for her.
's debut album, Age Ain't Nothing but a Number
, was released in the summer of 1994 and quickly became a platinum-selling hit on the strength of two smash singles, "Back & Forth" and "At Your Best (You Are Love)" (the latter an Isley Brothers
cover). Both songs hit the pop Top Ten and went gold, and "Back & Forth" went all the way to number one on the R&B charts, while "At Your Best" fell one spot short. Late in the year, Aaliyah
found herself at the center of controversy when rumors spread that the 15-year-old singer had married Kelly
, who was more than ten years her senior. Although both camps were resolutely tight-lipped, documents later confirmed that the two had wed in the state of Illinois that August and gotten an annulment shortly thereafter. By the time the media buzz died down, the two had parted ways both personally and creatively.
In 1996, Aaliyah
released her follow-up album, One in a Million
, which signaled a newly emerging maturity. She worked with several different producers, most notably Timbaland
, who co-wrote several tracks with his songwriting partner, Missy "Misdemeanor" Elliott
(soon to become a solo star in her own right). Several of these -- "If Your Girl Only Knew," "One in a Million," "4 Page Letter" -- became hits, with "If Your Girl Only Knew" going all the way to the top of the R&B charts. The Diane Warren
-penned ballad "The One I Gave My Heart To" was also a Top Ten R&B hit, and One in a Million
wound up going double platinum. In the meantime, Aaliyah
graduated from high school (in 1997) and contributed several songs to film soundtracks. "Journey to the Past," from Anastasia
, was nominated for an Oscar, and in early 1998 she had a major hit with "Are You That Somebody?" from Eddie Murphy
's Dr. Dolittle (in which she also made a cameo appearance).
took her time recording a follow-up, and put the process completely on hold to start an acting career. She co-starred with martial-arts master Jet Li and rapper DMX
in 2000's urban Shakespeare adaptation Romeo Must Die, and her accompanying soundtrack single, "Try Again," became her first number one hit on the pop charts that summer. Aaliyah
subsequently completed filming on the Anne Rice vampire flick Queen of the Damned, playing the title role as a vampire queen, and was cast in a prominent role in the two sequels to The Matrix. Plus, she finally finished her long-awaited third album, with Timbaland
again handling the most prominent tracks. Released in the summer of 2001, Aaliyah
completed the singer's image overhaul into a sensual yet sensitive adult. The record received excellent reviews, and the first single, "We Need a Resolution," was a Top 20 R&B hit.
About a month after the album's release, Aaliyah
traveled to the Bahamas to film a video for its second single, "Rock the Boat." On August 25, she and several members of the crew boarded a small twin-engine Cessna plane returning to the mainland. The plane crashed shortly after takeoff, exploding on impact; Aaliyah
and seven other passengers were killed instantly, and the ninth later died at a Nassau hospital. Investigations into the crash showed that the plane had been loaded far past its weight capacity, and that pilot Luis Morales had recently been arrested for crack cocaine possession (traces of which, along with alcohol, were found in his system); furthermore, the charter company, Blackhawk International Airways, had not authorized him to pilot the craft in question. Naturally, the R&B community reacted with an outpouring of shock and sorrow, and Aaliyah
became the singer's only chart-topping album, eventually going double platinum. "Rock the Boat" and "More Than a Woman" were both posthumous Top Ten hits on the R&B chart, and Queen of the Damned was a commercial success upon its release in early 2002, topping the box office in its first week. As details continued to emerge from the plane crash investigation, Aaliyah
's parents filed suit against Blackhawk Airways, Virgin Records, and several other companies. At the end of 2002, the posthumous album I Care 4 U
entered the charts at number three; it mixed some of the singer's biggest hits with a selection of unreleased material. The title track was a Top 20 pop hit, and "Miss You" topped the R&B charts early the next year. | <urn:uuid:b00dd97d-e4a7-4c3c-b686-9b43339d1937> | 2013-05-21T10:13:35Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Characteristics of First Urinary Tract Infection With Fever in Children: A Prospective Clinical and Imaging Study
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 04/18/2011
Ismaili Khalid et al. - Girls represent 63% of cases with first urinary tract infection (UTI). For 91% of UTIs, Escherichia coli is held responsible with a high rate of resistance to ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. US is an excellent screening tool that allows avoidance of unjustified voiding cystourethrography studies.Methods
- The authors prospectively followed (median, 20 months) 209 children treated for first febrile UTI.
- Renal ultrasound (US) and voiding cystourethrography examinations were performed in all patients.
- Among the children, 63% were females and 37% were males, and 75% of them had their first UTI before the age of 2 years.
- The most common causative agent was Escherichia coli (91% of cases) with high rate resistance to ampicillin (58%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (38%).
- Of these children, 25% had evidence of VUR (15 boys and 38 girls). VUR was of low grade in 85% of cases.
- The overall performance of renal US as a diagnostic test to detect significant uropathies excluding low-grade vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was excellent; the sensitivity attained 97% and the specificity 94%. | <urn:uuid:8fc73805-8ab2-440e-aff9-277e9a6bf523> | 2013-05-21T10:21:16Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Addison’s disease, also known as Adrenal Insufficiency or Hypocortisolism, is an endocrine disease that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and sometimes, aldosterone. Discuss topics including symptoms and treatments for Addison’s disease.
This site is huge. Chapter 7 has more info on antibodies I'v ever read. Very technical, medical terminology. | <urn:uuid:8809136b-5cf6-4e3a-9594-ebd118d9cf79> | 2013-05-21T10:16:42Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Fragile X Syndrome (cont.)
A variety of professionals can help individuals with Fragile X and their families deal with symptoms of the disorder. Such assistance is usually most effective when provided by health care professionals experienced with Fragile X.
- Speech-language therapists can help people with Fragile X to
improve their pronunciation of words and sentences, slow down speech, and
use language more effectively. They may set up social or problem-solving
situations to help a child practice using language in meaningful ways. For
the minority of children who fail to develop functional speech, this type of
specialist may work with other specialists to design and teach nonverbal
ways of communication. For example, some children may prefer to use small
picture cards arranged on a key ring to express themselves; or they may
learn to use a hand-held computer that is programmed to "say" words and
phrases when a single key is pressed.
- Occupational therapists help find ways to adjust tasks and
conditions to match a person's needs and abilities. For example, this type
of therapist might teach parents to swaddle or massage their baby who has
Fragile X to calm him or her. Or the therapist might find a specially
designed computer mouse and keyboard or a pencil that is easier for a child
with poor motor control to grip. At the high school level, an occupational
therapist can help a teenager with Fragile X identify a job, career, or
skill that matches his or her interests and individual capabilities.17
- Physical therapists design activities and exercises to build
motor control and to improve posture and balance. They can teach parents
ways to exercise their baby's muscles. At school, a physical therapist may
help a child who is easily over-stimulated or who avoids body contact to
participate in sports and games with other children.
- Behavioral therapists try to identify why a child acts in
negative ways and then seek ways to prevent these distressing situations,
and to teach the child to cope with the distress. This type of specialist
also works with parents and teachers to find useful responses to desirable
and undesirable behavior. During puberty, rising and changing hormone levels
can cause adolescents to become more aggressive. A behavioral therapist can
help a teenager recognize his or her intense emotions and teach healthy ways
to calm down.
The services of these specialists may be available to pre-school and
school-aged children, as well as to teens, through the local public school
system. In a school setting, several specialists often work together to assess
each child's particular strengths and weaknesses, and to plan a program that is
specially tailored to meet the child's needs. These services are often free.
More intense and individualized help is available through private clinics, but
the family usually has to pay for private services, although some health
insurance plans may help cover the cost.
Viewers share their comments
Fragile X Syndrome - Educational Options
Question: Do you have a child with Fragile X? Please discuss the educational opportunities in which your child has participated.
Fragile X Syndrome - Social and Emotional Issues
Question: How does your child with Fragile X deal with social situations? Please share how you cope with your child's emotional issues.
Fragile X Syndrome - Experience
Question: Please describe your experience with fragile x syndrome.
Fragile X Syndrome - Symptoms
Question: What symptoms do you or your loved one experience from fragile X syndrome? How do you cope?
Fragile X Syndrome - Carrier
Question: Did you ever undergo genetic testing to see if you are a fragile X syndrome carrier? | <urn:uuid:8adf213e-4f89-4b5a-b492-ed61d4f2ee65> | 2013-05-21T10:22:09Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Weight Gain & Cancer Risk
Medical Author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD
Medical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR
Excess weight is a known risk factor for many chronic diseases, such as diabetesand heart disease. Obesityhas also been linked an increased risk for developing some cancers. To clarify the effects of weight gain on cancer risk, researchers in 2007 conducted an analysis of many studies reported in medical journals that describe 282,137 cases of cancer. The researchers wanted to see if weight gain had an effect on the risk for certain cancer types.
In particular, the researchers looked at the risk of cancer associated with a weight gain corresponding to an increase of 5 kg/m2 in body mass index (BMI). In terms of actual pounds gained, a man with a normal-range BMI of 23 would need to gain 15 kg (33 lbs.) of weight, while a woman with a BMI of 23 would need to gain 13 kg (28.6 lbs.) to correspond to an increase of 5 in the BMI.
The results, published in the Lancet in February 2008, revealed that weight gain is positively associated with the risk of developing a variety of types of cancer as described below.
For women, a weight gain corresponding to an increase of 5 in the BMI resulted in a significant increase in risk for developing four cancer types:
- esophageal adenocarcinoma(double the risk),
- endometrial cancer(slightly more than double the risk),
- gallbladder cancer (slightly more than double the risk), and
- kidney (renal) cancer. | <urn:uuid:a105f1fe-9a74-4a87-ab7b-154da7960b8d> | 2013-05-21T10:36:32Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Saudis Fail To Stop Al Qaida Financing
LONDON [MENL] -- The United States has determined that Saudi Arabia was not
trying to block funding to Al Qaida.
A U.S. State Department report reported that Saudi Arabia as well as
other Gulf Cooperation Council states have failed to take sufficient action
to halt the flow of money to Al Qaida. The memorandum, released by
WikiLeaks, asserted that the Saudi royal family did not regard the
insurgency funding of Al Qaida and Taliban as a priority. | <urn:uuid:3aacb933-7741-436d-a1d8-068b63410bdb> | 2013-05-21T10:01:32Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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When we last left off, the auxiliary power unit (APU) of a Boeing 787 Dreamliner parked at Boston’s Logan Airport had caught fire, purportedly melting a Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery module.
It would not be the last of the commercial airliner’s—or even Japan Airlines’—problems, however. The very next day (Jan. 8), in fact, a second Japan Airlines (JAL) 787 suffered a fuel leak, and its flight out of Boston’s Logan International Airport was canceled.
On Jan. 9, United Airlines personnel reported a problem with one aircraft in its fleet of six Boeing 787 Dreamliners. The wiring issue was reported to be in the same area as the battery fire on JAL’s airliner. On the same day, All Nippon Airways (ANA), Japan’s largest airline, canceled a 787 flight due to a brake issue, defined as a “glitch in the brake computer.”
On Jan. 13, the same JAL 787 that leaked fuel in Boston on Jan. 8 was discovered, during an inspection at Narita International Airport near Tokyo, to have leaked 26 gallons of fuel; a different valve on the same plane was leaking, just five days later.
On Jan. 16, a Boeing 787 Dreamliner operated by ANA made an emergency landing. The eight crew members on board revealed that a “burning smell” was detected in the cockpit and parts of the cabin, and smoke had activated alarms in the forward area of the plane.
Amidst all these issues, all roughly 50 Boeing 787 Dreamliners were grounded and several investigations were launched. This geek is amazed at the international aerospace community’s cooperation to resolve these issues and make the 787 safe for its passengers. | <urn:uuid:1249d517-b17d-47b0-8e17-c7aa14ef302a> | 2013-05-21T10:20:39Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Steam the eggplants and garlic until each is soft, about 20 to 40 minutes depending on size. When cooked and cool enough to handle, peel the eggplant and garlic. Cut the eggplant flesh into cubes.
Place the eggplant, garlic, olives, anchovy fillets, salt, and both peppers in a food processor. Purée. Add the egg yolk and mustard and pulse to mix. While the processor is running, incorporate the oil a little at a time. | <urn:uuid:7bce33f5-42c7-481d-b4b4-34b5b2b3d1a1> | 2013-05-21T10:00:49Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The popular, 27-year-old fighter, who's the son of a famous boxer by the same name, tested positive for marijuana in September after his first professional loss. Chavez (46-1-1) was suspended for nine months from the date of the fight and fined $900,000, which amounts to 30 percent of his $3 million purse for the bout against Sergio Martinez.
Chavez, who spoke by phone from Mexico, said through a translator that he was sorry for his actions and had taken the drug to curb his stress eight or nine days before the much-anticipated fight.
"I know I committed a big error. It was a mistake," Chavez told the five commissioners. "I let a lot of people down."
The commission could have banned him for one year and penalized him for up to 100 percent of his purse.
However, his lawyer, Donald Campbell, asked for leniency, arguing that the marijuana wasn't a performance enhancing drug. He also said Chavez deserved credit for acknowledging that he used the drug.
"I'd like to fight as soon as I can," Chavez said. "But I'm willing to accept anything you guys have because, like I said, I made a mistake, and I'm willing to take the punishment."
Chavez's failed test was revealed shortly after his dramatic loss to Martinez Sept. 15 in front of a sellout
In 2009, Chavez tested positive for another banned substance after his fight with Troy Rowland in Las Vegas. He received a seven-month suspension from the Nevada commission.
Chavez was arrested on drunken driving charges last year in Los Angeles, and struggled to make weight for a championship bout last February against Marco Antonio Rubio in San Antonio, Texas.
Commissioners were split on the punishment, voting 3-2 in favor of it. Commissioner Skip Avansino suggested a fine of 10 to 15 percent of the purse, saying Chavez appeared contrite about the violation.
But others, including Commissioner Pat Lundvall, contended the punishment should be closer to the 30 to 40 percent figure other fighters have faced for second-time infractions. She argued the commission should take a strong stance on marijuana, even if criminal penalties for the substance are light.
"While there can be great debate as far as in the public as far as the benefits and adverse impacts of ... marijuana in general, that's not up for debate in this commission," Lundvall said.
After the hearing, Campbell called the punishment "excessive" and said he would talk with his client about possibly challenging it. | <urn:uuid:65307348-28f0-44ac-8e96-c2da698ddc4a> | 2013-05-21T10:08:46Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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: the study of the conformation of the skull based on the belief that it is indicative of mental faculties and character
Study of the shape of the skull as an indication of mental abilities and character traits. Franz Joseph Gall stated the principle that each of the innate mental faculties is based in a specific brain region (organ), whose size reflects the faculty's prominence in a person and is reflected by the skull's surface. He examined the skulls of persons with particular traits (including criminal traits) for a feature he could identify with it. His followers Johann Kaspar Spurzheim (1776–1832) and George Combe (1788–1858) divided the scalp into areas they labeled with traits such as combativeness, cautiousness, and form perception. Though popular well into the 20th century, phrenology has been wholly discredited. | <urn:uuid:0946e91b-14ac-49fc-8c05-8dc7853d40e6> | 2013-05-21T10:36:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The power generation of solar systems is determined by the radiation. The high spatial resolution
of the meteoblue models allows a very exact parameterization of clouds and atmospheric water. Therefore, exact radiation forecasting is possible. p☼intSOLAR
forecasts the power generation of your individual solar system - in hourly intervals up to 6 days ahead, for every place on earth. gridSOLAR
forecasts power generation of PV-Ensembles in high temporal resolution, for grid operators and other commercial clients. | <urn:uuid:1b5f1005-12f4-47b4-9d8a-de7c0af0af45> | 2013-05-21T10:20:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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This later nineteenth-century tabernacle frame of ebony-veneered soft wood was designed to house reverse-painted glass. The technique of reverse painting on glass, often called "verre eglomisé", dates to the Roman era, and was widely practiced in Europe by the early sixteenth century. Essentially, an image is painted on the back of a transparent glass or polished rock crystal support and meant to be viewed through it, the substrate becoming an integral part of the painting. The Lehman glass panels were probably painted in Lombardy in the second half of the sixteenth century.This tabernacle house altar has a semicircular pediment and rock crystal columns with silver-gilt Corinthian capitals and bases. A cast silver-gilt relief of God the Father in Benediction fills the pediment, which is surmounted by an agate urn with silver-gilt mounts flanked by two pointed agate finials. Cast silver-gilt appliqués decorate the entablature, the columns and the predella. The reverse-painted central arched panel represents the Adoration of the Shepherds while below, a narrow frieze of smaller vertical plaques shows the Adoration of the Magi in the center, flanked by the Angel Gabriel and the Virgin of the Annunciation. The outer panels show the Eucharistic host, chalice, and paten on the left and the "Arma Christi" on the right.Although its style dates from the early seventeenth century, the wooden framework for this house altar was built in the nineteenth century, probably by Reinhold Vasters (1827-1909) or someone in his workshop. Vasters was a highly skilled German silversmith and goldsmith who for a time served as restorer at the Aachen Cathedral treasury. There, in the spirit of nineteenth-century historicism, he not only restored but also replaced worn or damaged liturgical objects. It is likely that the Lehman tabernacle house altar was made expressly to house a set of sixteenth-century reverse-painted panels. The unified program and the similarity of the style of the painting on the ten rock crystal panels suggest that they were scavenged from a single piece. | <urn:uuid:417a3d44-8ebe-401c-96c0-e2385e6d12f9> | 2013-05-21T10:29:02Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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1 significant figure
2 significant figures
3 significant figures
4 significant figures
5 significant figures
6 significant figures
7 significant figures
8 significant figures
Note: Fractional results are rounded to the nearest 1/64. For a more accurate answer please select 'decimal' from the options above the result.
Note: You can increase or decrease the accuracy of this answer by selecting the number of significant figures required from the options above the result.
Note: For a pure decimal result please select 'decimal' from the options above the result.
Before approximately the 14th century there were two hundredweights in England, one of 100 pounds, and one of 108 pounds. In 1340, King Edward III changed the value of the stone from 12 pounds to 14 pounds. Since a hundredweight is 8 stones, the 100-pound hundredweight became 112 pounds.
A unit of mass equal to one-millionth of a gram.
Long Hundredweights (UK) to Micrograms
Mobile phone converter app
Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the metric calculators and charts given on this site, we cannot make a guarantee or be held responsible for any errors that have been made. If you spot an error on this site, we would be grateful if you could report it to us by using the contact link at the top of this page and we will endeavour to correct it as soon as possible.
Created:Fri 31 Oct 2003 this page last updated:: Wed 08 Feb 2013 | <urn:uuid:9e70284c-9ca7-43d0-806d-423eb01c432f> | 2013-05-21T10:27:19Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Minister Hoxhaj sends congratulations telegram to the new Minister of Foreign Affairs of France, Laurent Fabius
Minister Hoxhaj offered his congratulations and best wishes to Minister Fabius and success in his new post on behalf of the Government of the Republic of Kosovo and its citizens as well as in his personal name.
Hoxhaj said that France played an important role in the international scene, expressing his total conviction that under the leadership of Mr. Fabius, universal principles and values will always be supported and promoted, as well as peace and friendship between peoples.
Kosovo is very grateful for Frances commitment to freedom, the consolidation of independence and deepening of Kosovos democracy and state institutions. I am convinced that France will continue to work with Kosovo on its integration in the Atlantic alliance and in the European Union, said Minister Hoxhaj, amongst other things, and he expressed his total readiness to work with Minister Fabius to strengthen bilateral relations between the two states. | <urn:uuid:d8c2029e-b89b-4058-98c9-b9bcabba9866> | 2013-05-21T10:13:36Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Early Years
In 1927, MFAH director James Chillman introduced the idea of building a library at the museum. He stated that "the purpose of the library was to furnish information for judging the arts." He reported that the library was "proving quite popular—particularly in view of the fact that it is not of a circulating character. Almost any bright day there may be found a generous sprinkling of readers—housewives, professionals and Rice Institute students." (Post Dispatch, January 22, 1928)
The library was situated in the basement of the west wing of the museum, and furnished with Windsor chairs and a single reading table. A public fund drive for money for books started the library's collection; thereafter, a budget for the library was included within the museum's budget each year. In 1960, the MFAH hired its first professionally trained librarian.
By the 1970s, the library's collection had outgrown its space, and in 1974 a new area for the library was created in the Ludwig Mies van der Rohe addition to the museum. The modern, spacious reading room adjacent to the Alice Pratt Brown sculpture garden was welcoming to the staff as well as the public.
Maurice and Winifred Hirsch
In September of 1981, an endowment was established for the library by two long-time museum supporters: General Maurice and Winifred Busby Hirsch. This generous bequest was designated to be used for, "the maintenance, repair, embellishment of the present or subsequently substituted premises of the museum library and for the purchase of fixtures, furnishings, books, manuscripts, book illustrations, periodicals, appropriate art objects and any other use pertinent to a museum library." (letter from Maurice Hirsch to the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, dated September 23, 1981). The library was named the Hirsch Library that year, as a lasting tribute to these two museum patrons.
The Hirsch family had been involved with the MFAH since it opened in 1924. General Maurice Hirsch's father, Jules Hirsch, was an early contributor to the museum building fund that year. In 1947 Maurice and Winifred were married, and became active participants as a couple in the city's cultural life. In the early 1950s they carried on the family's support of the museum with generous financial contributions and donations of works of art to the museum's collection. Maurice became a museum trustee in 1960. Winifred played an active role in the museum's auxiliary and volunteer groups, and from 1954 to 1955 she was the first chair of the "Art Cart" program that took works of art from the museum to Houston's Veterans Administration Hospital.
The Hirsches traveled the world many times, and during a trip to Egypt in 1952, they bought several Egyptian art objects for the museum's collection. The most treasured of their gifts to the collection is an outstanding Greek vase, or Hydria (470–460 BC) by the Painter of the Yale Oinochoe. This lovely black vase depicts scenes of daily life painted in red.
General Hirsch died while on a trip to Hong Kong on August 5, 1983, after a lifetime of work as a lawyer and philanthropist. Mrs. Hirsch continued to actively support the Hirsch Library until her death in 1990 aboard her yacht, Athena. Mrs. Hirsch bequeathed her jewelry collection to the Hirsch Library, and its sale at Christie's, New York, on April 25, 1991, added significantly to the library's endowment.
Hirsch Library Renovation and Expansion
By 1989, the library's stacks were overflowing. A renovation in September of that year added high-density compact shelving and reduced the number of periodicals in storage, enabling the library collection to double in size. This was a temporary measure, however, with a plan for an expansion of the library scheduled to coincide with the opening of the new Audrey Jones Beck building in 2000.
In 1991, the library subscribed to its first online periodical index, Art Index, which greatly simplified searching for citations to art periodicals. Meanwhile, a plan for the library’s own online system was in the works. By 1998, the library established its first fully automated online catalog, which provided access to the library's holdings at your fingertips—both within the library and via the Internet.
In the fall of 2000, a renovation of the Hirsch Library began that would significantly increase its physical size from 3,900 to 8,400 square feet. The library opened to the public in May of 2001 with an elegantly enlarged reading room on the main floor of the museum overlooking the Alice Pratt Brown Garden, and a downstairs area housing the main stacks, vertical files, rare book collection, and cataloging offices. The original space on the main floor was redesigned to incorporate an online resources room, an expanded current periodicals area, and work space for the library staff.
Kitty King Powell Library and Study Center at Bayou Bend
Shortly after the completion of Hirsch Library’s new facility in 2001, Tropical Storm Allison caused significant damage to the Bayou Bend Visitor Center, necessitating the temporary relocation of 5,000 books and periodicals from the Bayou Bend Library to the Hirsch Library at the MFAH, where it received full-time supervision and maintenance by library staff.
In September of 2010, the completion of the Lora Jean Kilroy Visitor and Education Center and the establishment of the newly named Kitty King Powell Library and Study Center at Bayou Bend enabled the return of the Bayou Bend Library and Hogg Family Collections to their proper home. Now staffed with its own librarian and library assistant, the Powell Library and Study Center is available to the general public, docents, and staff in a location only a short walk from the actual artworks and artifacts on display at Bayou Bend. Kitty King Powell’s support of this new library facility reflects her love of libraries and her years of service as a Bayou Bend docent.
Today, more than 7,000 patrons visit the Hirsch and Powell Libraries annually. The libraries provide reference assistance and bibliographic instruction to museum professional staff, docents, and members, as well as to college and university art history students, teachers, and the general public. Please contact us to arrange a tour of one of the libraries, or if you need research assistance. | <urn:uuid:76abfa28-2819-4706-bc49-7e5d3b0576b2> | 2013-05-21T10:27:52Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Kansas Supreme Court on Wednesday ordered the disbarment of a former U.S. Navy lawyer court-martialed for disclosing classified information about detainees at Guantánamo Bay.
Matthew H. Diaz, who now lives in New York, was licensed to practice law in Kansas in 1995 after graduating from law school at Washburn University in Topeka.
Diaz was commissioned in the Navy in 2004 to serve as a judge advocate and was assigned to the naval base in Cuba where more than 500 people were detained.
There, concerned about the legal and physical treatment of prisoners, Diaz printed out a list in early 2005 of all the detainees and anonymously mailed them to a civil rights lawyer in New York. That lawyer turned them over to the judge handling litigation in the cases of detainees.
After an investigation Diaz was charged with disclosing classified material. In 2007, he was convicted at a court-martial, dismissed from the Navy and sentenced to six months in prison.
According to the Kansas Supreme Court decision filed Wednesday, Diaz’s concern about the treatment of Guantánamo detainees stemmed in part from what had happened to his own father.
When he was a teenager, his father, who worked as a nurse, was charged with 12 counts of murder for injecting patients with a lethal dose of Lidocaine.
His father was convicted and sentenced to death, but died in prison of natural causes in 2010. Diaz had strong feelings that the Guantánamo detainees should have the same legal rights to appeal as his father had.
In arguing his case to the Kansas Supreme Court earlier this fall, Diaz said he knows the “foolish and criminal” actions he took were wrong, and he apologized to the court, his colleagues and particularly to Washburn, which he said gave him a chance that other schools wouldn’t.
During that hearing, he said he had been working in a non-lawyer capacity with the public defender in the Bronx and was awaiting the results of the Kansas proceeding before applying to be admitted as a lawyer in New York.
Diaz asked the court to follow the recommendation of the state’s disciplinary administrator and re-instate his license, which had been suspended.
But the Supreme Court opted for disbarment, citing the previous ruling from military courts and his “admitted selfish reasons for the clandestine disclosure of classified information.” | <urn:uuid:ac3f50e5-d6f9-480e-8e2a-63efe114a7a7> | 2013-05-21T10:29:14Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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There was an issue with your Request
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Please try the following:
- Contact the administrator about this error. Please be as descriptive as possible in your message.
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Word of the Day, Website of the Day, Number to Know, This Day in History, Today's Featured Birthday and Daily Quote.
Morning Minutes: March 18
Word of the Day
Ostentatious os-ten-TEY-shuhs (adjective) Characterized by or given to pretentious or conspicuous show in an attempt to impress others - dictionary.com
Website of the Day
Tornado Chase Game
This storm chasing simulation from the Dsicovery Channel teaches about weather as users pretend to chase down tornados.
Number to Know
$17 million: Property damage caused by the "Tri-State Tornado."
This Day in History
March 18, 1925: A tornado passes through eastern Missouri, southern Illinois and southern Indiana. Known as the "Tri-State Tornado," it killed 695 people and injured 13,000.
Today's Featured Birthday
Maroon 5 singer Adam Levine (34)
"Intelligence is the wife, imagination is the mistress, memory is the servant." - Victor Hugo | <urn:uuid:64ff3a2a-7ce2-4744-bf72-9c7c526d92dc> | 2013-05-21T10:14:49Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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By Allen C. Guelzo
What's in a name? A great deal, if it happens to be Stephen A. Douglas.
A hundred and fifty years ago, Stephen Arnold Douglas was the most powerful politician in America. He had begun his political career as a hyper-loyal Andrew Jackson Democrat, snatched up one of Illinois' U.S. Senate seats in 1846, and rose from there to the heights of Congressional stardom by helping the great Henry Clay cobble together the Compromise of 1850 - which effectively averted civil war over the expansion of slavery into the West for another decade. No man was a more obvious presidential candidate than Douglas, and in 1860, he won his party's nomination to the presidency.
That, unhappily for Douglas, was when the cheering stopped.
He made the magnificent mistake, when running for re-election to the Senate in 1858, of agreeing to debate the new Republican party's anti-slavery candidate, Abraham Lincoln. Although Douglas managed to win the election, Lincoln handled him so relentlessly, exposing the failure of Douglas's policies on slavery during the duo's seven open-air debates, that Lincoln emerged as a national contender, while Douglas lost legions of disappointed supporters. When Douglas faced Lincoln again in the presidential campaign of 1860, Douglas's party fractured into three pieces and guaranteed Lincoln's election by default. Douglas died only eight months later.
Still, Douglas's name was revered by Illinois Democrats for a generation afterward. In the 1920s, Progressive Democrats adopted Douglas as a model of moderate statesmanship, trying to hold off the destructive fanaticism of both pro- and anti-slavery radicals. Biographers of Lincoln and Douglas alike - Albert Beveridge on the Lincoln side, Robert Johannsen on Douglas's side - praised Douglas for taking the practical road to compromise, unlike the ideologues whose fervor eventually triggered the Civil War. In 1963, Illinois governor Otto Kerner, who would later chair the famous National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, praised Douglas for creating the Illinois Central railroad and the University of Chicago, and in 1975, Chicago mayor Richard Daley, a life-long admirer of Douglas, founded a Stephen A. Douglas Association to promote the observation of Douglas's birthday.
And, on top of it all, a residence hall - one of three named for famous Illinois politicians - was built at Eastern Illinois University with Douglas's name on it.
Douglas Hall, a 200-bed residence hall built in the 1950s, may have been the most innocuous of all the memorializations of Stephen A. Douglas. But not after November 9th.
That's when the EIU Faculty Senate, acting on a proposal from Associate Professor of English Christopher Hanlon, voted to remove Douglas's name from the residence hall. This was not the first time the "Douglas" in Douglas Hall had been challenged, but this time, Hanlon cast his objections as a statement on race. Stephen A. Douglas, Hanlon argued, "gave voice to a contemptuous view of African Americans, a view that has long since been recognized as incompatible with modern American democracy." And it is true that Douglas supported the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 (it was part of the Compromise), backed legislation which tore up laws banning the expansion of slavery into the Western territories, and in his debates with Lincoln, spoke of blacks in terms so demeaning they would make a Klansman blush. Douglas addressed Illinoisans in 1858 with the ringing affirmation that "this government of ours is founded on the white basis." During the debates with Lincoln Douglas made a specialty of race-baiting in the most foul-mouthed fashion:
I ask you, are you in favor of conferring upon the negro the rights and privileges of citizenship? Do you desire to strike out of our state's constitution that clause which keeps slaves and free negroes out of the state, and allow the free negroes to flow in, and cover your prairies with black settlements? Do you desire to turn this beautiful state into a free negro colony in order that when Missouri abolishes slavery, she can send one hundred thousand emancipated slaves into Illinois to become citizens and voters on an equality with yourselves? If you desire negro citizenship, if you desire to allow them to come into the state and settle with the white man, if you desire them to vote on an equality with yourselves, and to make them eligible to office, to serve on juries, and to judge your rights, then support Mr. Lincoln and the Black Republican party, who are in favor of the citizenship of the negro.
And although he tried to distract notice from it, Douglas was even the legal owner of slaves, which had come to him through the estate of his father-in-law and which he managed as a trust for his two under-age sons.
It is easy to read Hanlon's charge that Douglas "bears a dishonorable record of public service and is hence undeserving of public acclaim and honor" as simply another sanctimonious exercise in air-brushing the racially-insensitive and diversity-intolerant out of college and university histories. And this has provoked some equally-predictable push-back from historians like EIU's Mark Summers, who argues that "trying to find historical actors who fully abided my own moral judgments was a fruitless exercise... because our world today is too different from the world occupied by predecessors who spoke and acted in the past." Douglas was, in other words, a man of his time, when white supremacist attitudes were actually mainstream, and should not be judged by "presentist" attitudes.
In the case of Stephen A. Douglas, however, I'm on the side of removing the name, and not just because of race. Douglas's entire policy toward race and slavery arose from an even more toxic assumption, which Douglas deified as the principle of "popular sovereignty." In Douglas's dictionary, democracy is an end in itself, and democratic process amounts entirely to consulting what a majority of the people want at any given time. If the voters wanted to legalize slavery, so be it; if not, that was up to them, too, so long as they did not attempt to force this conviction on others. "The principle of self-government is, that each community shall settle this question for itself... and we have no right to complain, either in the North or the South, whichever they do." Douglas liked to speak of this as an example of what he called "diversity;" but in the context of the crisis over slavery in the 1850s, what it meant in practical terms was that "If Kansas wants a slave-State constitution she has a right to it.... I do not care whether it is voted down or voted up."
Lincoln, by contrast, believed that democracy was a means, not an end in itself, and that it was a means toward realizing in the fullest fashion the natural rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness which Nature and Nature's God had hard-wired into every human being. There was a line, drawn by natural right, beyond which no majority and no democracy could or should go, and on the far side of that line was slavery. Douglas's politics were the politics of the pitchfork, devoid of moral principle and respecting nothing except force. Lincoln believed that "moral principle is all that unites us," and that Douglas's popular sovereignty was merely a kind face on mob rule. Wed that notion to white supremacy, and you get the real offense of Stephen A. Douglas.
In the long run, the EIU resolution is little more than pin-prick. It would have been far better if they had gone to the root of Douglas's problem, which was his utter political amorality. That's what needs banishing, not only from the addresses of residence halls, but from our halls of representatives, too.
Allen C. Guelzo, a prominent Lincoln scholar, is William Garwood Visiting Professor of Politics at Princeton. | <urn:uuid:7400a54f-3f74-429e-97a2-826e17850061> | 2013-05-21T10:35:39Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Derek Llambias accepts the Geordie club are not going to become as internationally known as Liverpool or United overnight
Newcastle have confirmed they are currently in discussions over a pre-season tour of Brazil in an attempt to increase their global profile.
The Geordie club announced a new sponsorship deal with money lender Wonga earlier this week and managing director Derek Llambias has revealed the next part of their plan to improve the club's brand awareness.
"We're trying to improve all the time, our next step is to try and improve globally," Llambias told reporters. "We're a great national brand. We've got a touch overseas, which is great but it's not global and this whole brand needs to be global.
"That's our next target over the next three or four years - to try and get sponsorships in a global environment. Maybe that puts another player on the pitch. Yes, we're talking about pre-season (Brazil). The World Cup's coming up so it's a good opportunity."
Llambias concedes the process of raising the club's profile internationally is a slow one, but said the club do have a plan they are implementing.
"We're also working on different products. It's a game plan we've been working on for a while. It's a slow process - you can't do it overnight. Liverpool didn't do it overnight, Manchester United didn't. It's a slow process," Llambias said.
"Newcastle is a big brand. We just need to get it out there with more backing from different communities. I'm not sure that's what it's about for Mike and I. It's all about the management of the team."
If you think the Wonga sponsorship deal is bad, check out the Top 10 most embarrassing shirt sponsors ever | <urn:uuid:d53f6d61-a743-4ad3-ace4-2b85c5fb7eb8> | 2013-05-21T10:02:44Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Striker who's adamant the club gave him green-light to drive to QPR ahead of proposed move also wasn't given dressing-down on return to training
Peter Odemwingie has escaped a fine over his deadline-day drive to Queens Park Rangers.
Despite suggesting he would be severely punished for what has been described as an unauthorised departure, West Brom chiefs appear keen to come to a more amicable solution.
Odemwingie has never wavered from his insistence that he had been given permission to leave the club's training ground for London.
The striker is adamant that he HAD been allowed to leave the training ground by Baggies technical director Dan Ashworth.
As such, Odemwingie has vowed to fight any attempt to punish him for leaving and West Brom are keen to take the sting out of the situation.
On his arrival back at training on Monday, there were no meetings held and Odemwingie was not given any kind of dressing down.
Instead, he trained with team-mates Youssouf Mulumbu and Claudio Yacob - the rest of the squad were given the day off following Sunday's loss to Spurs.
The Mirror revealed on Tuesday that some West Brom players are set to give Odemwingie an icy reception when they come together later this week.
It comes after the Nigerian appeared to pledge his allegiance to QPR, believing his signing was a formality before his embarrassing drive back to the West Midlands. | <urn:uuid:d5a547a5-4c5e-471d-b2cb-08e730cac70b> | 2013-05-21T10:35:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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To measure accurately, keep the tape parallel to the floor, only undergarments and do not measure over the clothing.
Place the measuring tape under your arms and run it around the fullest part of the bust line and across the shoulder blades.
Run the measuring tape around your natural waistline at the crease. Keep a finger’s distance between the tape and your body for a comfortable fit.
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The genus Solenopsis includes both the "fire ants", known for their aggressive nature and potent sting, and the minute "thief ants", many of which are lestobiotic subterranaen or arboreal species that are rarely collected. Many species may be polygynous.
Generic level identification of Solenopsis is relatively straight forward, although sizes are greatly variable ranging from approximately 1.0 mm to over 4.0 mm. The genus can be basically characterized by the following: mandible with four teeth (usually), bicarinate clypeus with 0-5 teeth, median part of clypeus with a pair of longitudinal carinae medially or at lateral edges, 10-segmented antennae that terminates in a distinctive 2-segmented club, overall shiny appearance and general lack of or reduced sculpture (when present usually restricted to rugulae or striae on the head, alitrunk, petiole, and postpetiole), lack of propodeal spines or other protuberances on the alitrunk, well developed petiole and postpetiole, and a well developed sting. Workers are either polymorphic (especially in the fire ant group) or monomorphic (especially thief ants). The thief ant group shares these characteristics, but workers are minute (usually under 2.0 mm in total length), usually have minute eyes (usually with only 1-5 ommatidia (rarely more than 18, except for S. globularia in our region), minor funicular segments 2-3 typically wider than long (usually longer than wide in the fire ant group).
Biology and Economic Importance
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|High School:||The Lawrenceville School|
2011-12: Rowed in the #1 seat on the MIT freshman team at Yale (4/7); against Harvard (4/14); versus Cornell (4/21) and at Penn (4/28) … competed in the #1 seat on the MIT A boat at the Foot of the Charles (11/19).
Off The Water at MIT: Majoring in biology with a minor in chemistry … interned and researched with the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT.
High School: A 2011 graduate of The Lawrenceville School … two-time Mid Atlantic Junior Rowing Champion … three-time MAPL League Champion … also played soccer … Cum Laude.
Personal: Son of Marilyn and Kenneth Koblan … father participated in lightweight crew at MIT. | <urn:uuid:e3bcf696-a329-4d87-a5bc-75d8c725be75> | 2013-05-21T09:59:54Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The second generation Titans Prometheus (the son of Iapetus and a cousin of Zeus) and Epimetheus were initially not punished, as their relatives such as Atlas who participated in the Titanomachy, a fight with the father of all Gods Zeus. Prometheus and his brother Epimetheus (“gifted with afterthought”) were asked of forming man from water and earth (Prometheus formed the shape while Athena breathed life into the figure), which he did, but in the process, became fonder of men than Zeus had anticipated. Zeus didn't share Prometheus' feelings and wanted to keep men from having power, especially of fire. The fire symbolizes knowledge and knowledge and intelligence together with arrogance (“Blessed are the poor in spirit”) would probably make Zeus and the other gods obsolete.
Prometheus cared more for man than for the wrath of the increasingly powerful and autocratic Zeus, so he stole fire from Zeus' lightning, concealed it in a hollow stalk of fennel, and brought it to man. He also stole skills from Hephaestus and Athena to gave to man.
Zeus reacted by presenting to man Pandora (also called Anesidora “sender up of gifts” ), the first woman. While Prometheus may have crafted man, woman was a different sort of creature. She came from the forge of Hephaestus, beautiful as a goddess and beguiling.
Note that she is not like her Jewish counterpart: Eve was created to soothe Adam's loneliness, and to help him as a partner. Pandora, the first woman in Greek myth, was created as a punishment to mankind. Her name does not mean "giver of all gifts" - rather "she to whom all gifts were given" - the gods gave her beauty (Aphrodite), skill (Athena), while Hermes gave her a doglike (bitch-like?) mind and a thieving nature. "All (pantes) the gods gave her gifts (dora), a sorrow to men who live on bread." Zeus wanted to punish mankind for Prometheus' theft of fire - he decided to give them a "beautiful evil" (kalon kakon) "to pay for fire" (anti pyros). Hephaestus makes the woman out of earth and water, to look like a goddess. Thus Pandora - and through her all women, who are her descendants - has a beautiful exterior, but is worthless inside.
Prometheus, whose name means “forethought,” or “he who thinks ahead,” is a figure whom Steiner refers to as the Greek Lucifer. Prometheus awakened a consciousness in humans that was too dangerous in the eyes of Zeus, so Zeus had Prometheus chained to a rock in the Caucasus mountains. But Prometheus is patient, for he knows a secret that is not known to Zeus. In the future, Zeus will lie with a mortal woman, Io, and she will give birth to a son, who will start a line of descent leading to the birth of Hercules or Heracles, meaning “he who is called by Hera.” This great hero, whom Steiner indicates is a portent of Christ Jesus, will grow up to succeed Zeus in his position of authority as Law-giver in the heavens. Heracles will also kill the vulture that eats Prometheus' liver, and then liberate the great Greek Lucifer. Tom Mellett ALBERT EINSTEIN'S THEORY OF RELATIVITY AS RUDOLF STEINER'S FINAL “RIDDLE OF Philosophy, Journal for Anthroposophy, Number 60, Spring 1995 issue, pp. 51-63)
Zeus presented her as a bride to Prometheus' brother Epimetheus (whom Prometheus, expecting retribution for his audacity, had warned against accepting gifts from Zeus), along with a box that they were instructed to keep closed. Epimetheus was dazzled by Pandora and forgot the advice of his prescient brother. Unfortunately, one day while her husband was away, Pandora opened the box. In the process, she unleashed all the evils now known to man, but retaining Hope . No longer could man loll about all day, but he would have to work and would succumb to illnesses. So for the Greeks the woman was crated as a punishment for man. What is the reason of the creation of the woman according to the Bible? Why did God produce male and female versions of all animals but only a man Adam initially. Why did he not create also Eve separately and why did he use material from Adam? Both stories, the Greek and the Christian version are mythological stories to explain the superiority of mens over women. The Greek version says that people were created by throwing stones, in the Bible Eve and Adam had two sons but how were their children produced?
Her act ends the Golden Age. She serves the same mythic function as Eve in Genesis. In both the Bible and Greek myth, humanity pays a price for knowledge: loss of innocence, peace and loss of paradise. “While saving him from mental darkness, Prometheus brought to man all the tortures which accompany self-consciousness: the knowledge of his responsibility to the whole of nature; the painful results of all wrong choices made in the past, since free-will and the power of choice go hand in hand with self-consciousness; all of the sorrows and sufferings -- physical, mental and moral -- to which thinking man is heir. Prometheus accepted these tortures as inevitable under the Law, knowing that the soul can develop only through its own experience, willing to pay the price for every experience gained”. THEOSOPHY, Vol. 27, No. 12, October, 1939
Deucalion and Pyrrha , Metamorphoses Bk I: 367-415 , Solis
Eventually Hercules rescued Prometheus, and Zeus and the Titan were reconciled. Zeus became angry enough with conditions on earth that he summoned other gods to a conference at his heavenly palace. Zeus (like the Christian God) decided to destroy humankind and to provide the earth with a new race of mortals more worthy of life and more reverent to him. Zeus feared that the destruction of humankind by fire might set heaven itself aflame, so he called for assistance from a god of the sea, and humankind was instead swept away by a great flood.
The great flood is a common mythological story in many cultures, for example the myth of Noah in the Old Testament, and probably there was once such a great flood in reality, an event that was incrorporated in various mythological stories.
Meanwhile, Prometheus had sired the human Deucalion (some say as his son with Clymene or Celaeno) one of the noble couple whom Zeus had spared when he caused the creatures of the earth to be destroyed by a flood. Deucalion was married to his cousin Pyrrha, the daughter of Epimetheus and Pandora. During the flood, Deucalion and Pyrrha had stayed safe on a boat. When all the other evil humans had been destroyed Zeus caused the waters to recede so that Deucalion and Pyrrha could come to land on Mount Parnassus. While they had each other for company, and they could produce new children, they were lonely and sought help from the oracle of Themis. He was told to “toss the bones of his mighty mother over his shoulder”, that he and Pyrrha understood to be “Gaia” the mother of all living things and the bones to be rocks. Following the advice, they threw stones over their shoulders. From those thrown by Deucalion sprang men and from those thrown by Pyrrha came women.
That is why people are called laoi, from laas, "a stone." [Apollodorus 1.7.2]
"...I remember in Plutarch's works, what is worth relating that I read there, that by the Pigeon sent forth of the Ark, in Deucalions flood, was shown, that the waters were sunk down, and the storms past...."
Then they had their own child, a boy whom they called Hellen and after whom the Greeks were named Hellenes...
Other children were Thyia, and the Leleges all forming the various groups of Greeks (see Map below).
For Greeks it is left as an exercise to find out the corresponding group they belong and their corresponding root! For others, i.e. barbarians :-) see their corresponding myth (Noah,....,etc).
From myth back to history. Between 1900 and 1600 BC Greeks or Hellenes, a branch of the Indo-European speaking people, were simple nomadic herdsmen. They came from the east of the Caspian Sea and entered the Greek peninsula from the north in small groups. The first invaders were the fair-haired Achaeans of whom Homer wrote. The Dorians came 3-4 centuries later and subjugated their Achaean kinsmen. Other tribes, the Aeolians and the Ionians, found homes chiefly on the islands in the Aegean Sea and on the coast of Asia Minor. The land that these tribes invaded was the site of a well-developed civilization. The people who lived there had cities and palaces. They used gold and bronze and made pottery and paintings. The Greek invaders were still in the barbarian stage. They plundered and destroyed the Aegean cities. Gradually, as they settled and intermarried with the people they conquered, they absorbed some of the Aegean culture.
About the etymology of Prometheus it could be derived from Pramanthas, a member of the Vedic family of fire-worshipping priests of the fire god Agni.
Adam. In Greek this word is compounded of the four initial letters of the cardinal quarters:
Arktos, [Greek: arktos]. north.
The Hebrew word ADM forms the anagram of A [dam], D [avid], M [essiah].
Adam, how made. God created the body of Adam of Salzal, i.e. dry, unbaked clay, and left it forty nights without a soul. The clay was collected by Azrael from the four quarters of the earth, and God, to show His approval of Azrael's choice, constituted him the angel of death.—Rabadan.
Adam, Eve, and the Serpent. After the fall Adam was placed on mount Vassem in the east; Eve was banished to Djidda (now Gedda, on the Arabian coast); and the Serpent was exiled to the coast of Eblehh.
After the lapse of 100 years Adam rejoined Eve on mount Arafaith [place of Remembrance], near Mecca.—D'Ohsson.
Death of Adam. Adam died on Friday, April 7, at the age of 930 years. Michael swathed his body, and Gabriel discharged the funeral rites. The body was buried at Ghar'ul-Kenz [the grotto of treasure], which overlooks Mecca.
Apollodorus. The Library, Sir James G. Frazer (transl.), Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1921, 1976. | <urn:uuid:05852e18-3372-4937-8780-75bcac0ec7b5> | 2013-05-21T10:33:43Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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MLBTR Glossary Rumors
- Teams have to pass players through revocable waivers to trade them after the July 31st deadline.
- Players acquired after August 31st can't play in the postseason.
- Teams will often put most of their players on waivers to determine interest, since they don't have to give up every player who's claimed.
- Unclaimed players can be traded to any club in August (or even September).
- Teams don't have to trade players who are claimed. They can hand the player and his salary over for nothing.
- If a team places a player on waivers after he is claimed, but not traded, the team loses the right to pull its player back. In other words, the waivers are revocable at first, but not revocable afterwards.
- Clubs have two days (48.5 hours) to deal claimed players, but they can only negotiate a trade with one team. Teams have two days to complete a deal regardless of which day of the week the claim takes place on.
- If only one team claims a player, he can only be dealt to that team.
- If more than one team claims a player, he can only be traded to the claiming team in his league with the worst record.
- If a player's only claimed by teams in the other league, he can only be dealt to the claiming team with the worst record.
- Teams cannot pass players on the disabled list through waivers.
A few months from now, when the season ends and players file for free agency, teams, agents and players will navigate a new system for determining free agent compensation. Here’s a brief primer on compensation under the sport’s new collective bargaining agreement:
- Type A and Type B designations have been eliminated. Instead, teams will have to make players a qualifying offer to be eligible for draft pick compensation.
- The qualifying offer, which will be determined by averaging the top 125 player salaries from the previous year, is expected to fall in the $12-13MM range for the coming offseason. All qualifying offers are for the same duration (one year) and the same amount ($12-13MM).
- Teams will have until five days after the World Series to make qualifying offers and the players will have seven days to accept.
- Once a team makes a qualifying offer, the player has two choices: he can accept the one-year deal or decline in it search of other offers. If he declines the offer and signs elsewhere, his new team will have to surrender a top draft pick (the selection doesn't go to the player's former team).
- Teams that sign free agents who turned down qualifying offers will surrender their first round picks. However, the forfeited picks don't go to other MLB teams. Instead, the first round simply becomes condensed.
- The first ten selections in the draft are protected. Teams with protected picks will surrender their second-highest selections.
- The player’s former team will receive its compensatory selection at the end of the first round. Teams now obtain one compensatory selection, instead of two.
- If teams don’t make a qualifying offer, the player can sign uninhibited.
- Only players who have been with their clubs for the entire season will be eligible for compensation.
Baseball is a numbers game and we use lots of stats here at MLBTR. Some of them are easy to understand (Prince Fielder hit 38 homers in 2011) and some of them aren't as simple (he posted a -5.2 UZR/150 last year). So here's a guide to some stats you see here and elsewhere. It's not meant to be comprehensive; there are lots more useful stats than the ones that appear below, but these are some important ones:
- OBP - On-base percentage shows you the percentage of time a player reaches base. The league average now hovers around .325. The NL got on base at a .319 clip this past season and American Leaguers reached at a .322 clip. To compute OBP, add hits, walks, and hit-by-pitches as the times on base, and divide this total by the sum of the player's at-bats, walks, hit-by-pitches, and sacrifice flies.
- SLG - Slugging percentage measures a player's extra base power. To calculate SLG, divide a player's total bases by his at-bats. Power hitters like Fielder and Albert Pujols regularly slug over .500, but league averages were approximately .400 this past season.
- You'll often see us list a player's batting average, on-base percentage and slugging percentage (always in that order) like this: .280/.340/.450.
- UZR/150 - The defensive metric Ultimate Zone Rating estimates the runs a defender saves or costs his team. UZR/150 shows a player's impact per 150 games played. Check out this two-part explanation for more detail and keep in mind that it's best to look at multiple seasons when evaluating a player's defense with UZR/150.
- K/9 - The number of batters a pitcher strikes out per nine innings pitched. Pitchers struck out 7.1 batters per nine innings in 2011.
- BB/9 - The number of batters a pitcher walks per nine innings pitched. Pitchers walked 3.1 batters per nine innings in 2011.
- HR/9 - The number of home runs a pitcher allows per nine innings. Pitchers allowed 0.94 homers per nine innings in 2011.
- GB % - The percentage of batted balls that are ground balls. The Cardinals led MLB with a 47.7% ground ball rate in 2011, while the Diamondbacks had the lowest ground ball rate in the league: 41.9%.
- SIERA - Skill-Interactive Earned Run Average estimates ERA through walk rate, strikeout rate and ground ball rate, eliminating the effects of park, defense and luck, according to Baseball Prospectus. It's one example of a defense independent pitching stat (DIPS).
Check out Baseball-Reference, FanGraphs and Baseball Prospectus for lots more stats and check out our transactions glossary and the one at Cot's for explanations of transactions terms. MLBTR first published a version of this post on April 2nd, 2010.
It's officially September, but the trading season isn't necessarily over. Here's what you need to know about dealmaking after August.
Trading in September is a lot like trading in August. Players who have cleared waivers can be traded to any team, but players who have been pulled back from waivers can't be traded. However, to be eligible for postseason play "a player must be on the Active Roster, Disabled List, Bereavement List, or Suspended List of that club as of midnight EDT on August 31 of that year," as Keith Law explains in this ESPN article. Because of that rule, most deals occur before September.
Trades do happen in September, since acquisitions can help teams reach the playoffs. For example, the Phillies famously traded for Sparky Lyle in September of 1980. Lyle was a major contributor for the '80 Phillies team, even though he wasn't able to play in the postseason en route to the team's first World Series title.
A version of this post was originally published in 2009.
Here are the details behind next Monday's deadline for signing draft picks:
- The deadline is typically 11:59pm on August 15th. It gets pushed back during years that August 15th falls on a weekend.
- The deadline doesn't apply to college seniors and it doesn't apply to players drafted out of independent leagues or those who don't play college baseball again between two drafts.
Here's what happens to players who don't sign:
- High schoolers who enroll in a four-year college program after being drafted aren't eligible again until after their junior year of college or their 21st birthday. For example, Mark Prior wasn't available between 1998, when the Yankees drafted him, and 2001, when the Cubs did.
- Drafted players who go on to attend junior college are again eligible after their freshman and sophomore years.
- College juniors who don't sign are available in the next draft.
- Players can't be drafted by the same team twice in a row unless they give permission.
This post was originally published on June 10th, 2009. Thanks to Cot's Baseball Contracts.
Matt Capps, D.J. Carrasco and Kelly Johnson were all non-tendered last offseason. One year later, we’re well on our way to welcoming another class of non-tenders to the club. It can be a confusing kind of transaction, so here’s an explanation of what exactly a non-tender is.
To tender a player a contract is to offer a contract, but non-tenders refer to a specific kind of offer: offers of arbitration. Rules and precedent shape the kind of salary a player can expect through arbitration, so players under team control usually get raises through the process.
For example, Joey Votto isn’t eligible for free agency yet, but he and agent Dan Lozano have some say in his future earnings. If the Reds offered Votto $750K in arbitration this offseason, Lozano and Votto could counter with a $4MM proposal and win. Arbitration can be expensive for teams, since a player’s salary depends in part on his previous earnings and comparable players.
Players generally earn $400K or so for their first few major league seasons, so they’re usually relatively cheap in their first arbitration seasons, but players entering their second, third or (for super twos) fourth arbitration seasons stand to make more money if they’re tendered an offer.
If an arbitration eligible player hasn’t performed well, but projects to earn a considerable amount, his team will likely consider a non-tender. That means they have turned down the option to negotiate a contract with that player through arbitration, but it doesn’t mean the player’s going to sign elsewhere.
Jonny Gomes and Jack Cust both re-signed with their former teams after being non-tendered last winter. Both took paycuts, so the Reds and A’s saved money, but they risked losing the players to rival teams. (After a player is non-tendered he hits free agency and can sign anywhere.)
It’s complicated, but here’s what you need to know: teams non-tender players when they would rather risk losing the players to another team than go through the potentially expensive arbitration process.
Ever wonder what the smallest possible payroll is? You couldn't field a major league team for less than $10MM this year, because the major league minimum is $400K. Players with at least one day of service time and players who have been on the 40-man roster for two or more years make at least $65K, even if they're in the minor leagues. Minimum salaries at the major and minor league level increase regularly to account for the cost of living, but do not decrease, even if the cost of living drops.
Here's some detail on the international signing period, which begins today:
- Players born outside of the U.S., Canada and Puerto Rico aren't eligible to be drafted; they're signed as free agents instead.
- The signing period begins July 2nd.
- The youngest eligible players for this year were born in late August and early September, 1994.
- This year's international free agents must turn 17 by September 1st 2011, or the end of their first pro season, whichever is later.
- Players don't make their pro debut until the calendar year after they're first eligible to be signed.
- They can sign with any major league team.
- Players can sign after August 31st if they don't do so immediately.
- A number of players older than 16 will sign as well.
- Check out this article by Baseball America's Ben Badler to see how the Reds signed Juan Duran before anyone - even his own agent - thought he was eligible.
Thanks to Cot's Baseball Contracts, Kiley McDaniel and Ben Badler. This post was first published on June 17th, 2009.
If you're a regular MLBTR reader, you know all about the July 31st deadline, but we can never be too clear when discussing the busiest trading day of the year.
Teams looking to deal players without first putting them on waivers must do so by 4pm EST on July 31st. Last year we saw Cliff Lee, Victor Martinez and Jake Peavy dealt at the deadline. This year Lee, Roy Oswalt and Corey Hart are some big names to watch.
There are two major reasons the 31st tends to be such a busy day. Teams have developed a good sense of their place in the pennant race. Sellers no longer have illusions about contending and buyers have a clear idea of their needs. Secondly, teams want to deal before August, when pulling off trades for top talent becomes much more complex.
This post was originally published June 25th, 2009.
Top draft picks can ask for however much they like each summer because nothing officially limits the amount teams spend on their draft picks. Bud Selig presents each team with a recommendation for its slot, but the clubs don't have to stick to it. Here's a quick explanation of slotting:
- Selig recommends a limit to keep bonuses down.
- There are no direct consequences for a club that awards a big bonus.
- Teams aren't supposed to know what the recommended bonuses are for other slots.
Thanks to Murray Chass's recent article on the subject. This post was originally published June 9th, 2009. | <urn:uuid:a951377f-7399-4972-aa5a-a1dd943fa9b9> | 2013-05-21T10:28:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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UFC president Dana White is none too happy about the news that Alistair Overeem tested positive for elevated levels of testosterone prior to his fight at UFC 146 . White was on a media confe...
UFC President Dana White is none too happy about the news that Alistair Overeem tested positive for elevated levels of testosterone prior to his fight at UFC 146.
MONTREAL – UFC President Dana White said the organization "probably" will cut Nick Diaz if the title challenger fails his drug test at Saturday's UFC 158 event.
Dana White told the UFC 156 media, including MMAWeekly.com, that there was an irregular drug test result at UFC on FX 7 in Brazil, but that "it f---ing was not Vitor Belfort!"
White says roughly 80 percent of the UFC roster would test positive if random, year-round drug testing was implemented.
Random testing would cost $1 million or more, but a doctor said the benefits of curtailing drug use are worth it.
Pat Healy manned-up after testing positive for marijuana following his UFC 159 bout with Jim Miller, but he was not only suspended and had his fight turned to a no contest, he also loses $13...
Pat Healy on Tuesday revealed that he tested positive for marijuana following his UFC 159: Jones vs. Sonnen victory over Jim Miller on April 27 in New Jersey. | <urn:uuid:87acd34f-7514-4087-b08a-38f57ee7d43b> | 2013-05-21T10:07:52Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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19 Otsuka $5.2B up 13.0%
$13.1B (16th); down 2.2%
R&D spend*: $2.0B (15th),
up 11.7%; 14.5% of rev.
Top brands: Abilify ($5.2B), Samsca ($48M), Busulfex ($12M), Pletal ($2M)
$15M (19th); 0.3% of rev.
The Japanese holding company remains dependent upon its blockbuster antipsychotic drug Abilify, which it co-promotes with Bristol-Myers Squibb. In the fiscal year ending March 31, 2011, the drug provided half of the company's income. Otsuka says its goal is to continue to focus on teaming up with companies for research, with an emphasis on CNS and oncology. The company also noted that the earthquake that rocked Japan and toppled several warehouses did not significantly affect business.
* Global revenue and R&D spend are based on the fiscal year ending March 31, 2011, the latest data available at press time.
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On April 12, Microsoft introduced the Kin platform, which they claimed would "usher in the next generation of the social phone," starting with the Kin One and Kin Two for Verizon Wireless. Well, just a couple of months later, the next generation has apparently already been ushered right out.
Reactions to the Kin were lukewarm at best. Brighthand referred to it as "an operating system that doesn't try to do much, and still under-delivers," and some estimates placed the first month's sales of the devices at 10,000 units or lower.
In a new statement, Microsoft said "We have made the decision to focus exclusively on Windows Phone 7 and we will not ship KIN in Europe this fall as planned. Additionally, we are integrating our KIN team with the Windows Phone 7 team, incorporating valuable ideas and technologies from KIN into future Windows Phone releases," - in other words, they have essentially discontinued the Kin operating system.
Microsoft also said, "We will continue to work with Verizon in the U.S. to sell current KIN phones," although if they couldn't sell Kin when it was a current product, one wonders how exactly they intend to sell it now that it's defunct. | <urn:uuid:70181ee9-192f-41c7-9dde-8280da7527c0> | 2013-05-21T10:21:56Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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For centuries, people have known about the medicinal benefits of spices, especially cinnamon. The properties found in cinnamon can improve your health in many ways. Not only is cinnamon a tasty spice, but when taken on a daily basis, it acts as a natural healing agent, improving your health from head to toe. For starters, the aroma of cinnamon can improve your memory and boost brain function. It also has relaxing properties which reduce stress and lowers blood pressure. Placing a sachet of cinnamon in your home and office will greatly reduce stress on a daily basis.
Because of its strong antimicrobial properties, cinnamon effectively stops the growth of yeast, fungi and bacteria that grow in food and in your body. When added to foods, cinnamon acts as a natural alternative to chemical food preservatives. When used in powder form or made into a tea, cinnamon can be used to topically treat vaginal infections and athlete's foot. It also treats bad breath caused by bacterial growth in the mouth. Studies have shown that when taken in small amounts on a daily basis, cinnamon significantly lowers cholesterol, since cinnamon has the ability to act as an anti-clotting agent in the blood.
Cinnamon has been proven to dramatically reduce diabetes and also alleviates the pain and swelling of arthritis. Cinnamon is also a natural antioxidant. Taken on a daily basis, it can lower your risk of cancer. Cinnamon also aids the digestive system. Take a tablespoon of cinnamon water after meals to reduce flatulence and to stimulate digestion. If you have a stomach bug, cinnamon decreases nausea and diarrhea. Cinnamon also eases menstrual cramps and reduces the chance of developing stomach ulcers.
When cinnamon is mixed with raw honey, it fights the common cold and other flu-like symptoms. Drinking the mixture will ease the pain of sore throats, malaria and even fight off influenza. If you suffer from a headache, mix powdered cinnamon into a paste and apply it to your forehead and your headache will be gone. Apply a pasty mixture to the face to clear up pimples, blackheads and other acne problems. Instead of spending hundreds of dollars on over-the-counter and prescription medicines, cinnamon is an affordable alternative to care for your health. You can improve your health and quality of life without breaking your bank account. You’ll soon find that this aromatic spice isn’t just for cooking, but is nature’s pharmacy.
"There’s rosemary, that’s for remembrance…"
–Ophelia to Laertes, Hamlet
There are only a few things that make me break out in a cold, heart-stopping, sweaty panic: getting stuck in a dark, tight cave; snakes; and dying alone. Oh, uh, uh… I almost forgot. There is one other thing: losing my memory… my mind… to a life-robbing disease such as Alzheimer’s.
For many of us, the experience of watching a person (be it family, friend, patient, or hero) in the throes of Alzheimer’s is sad, frustrating, and heart wrenching. How helpless it must feel to watch a once vibrant, intelligent, and competent person slowly lose his ability to tie his own shoelaces or recognize his own children. If you know someone close to you or have a friend, there is a wonderful book called The 36 Hour Day by Nancy Mace and Peter Rabins that drives home the point of how frustrating a day for the caregiver of an Alzheimer’s patient truly is. In fact, it is more like a day and a half – hence the title. Often the days are filled with impatience, anger, and “what ifs.” If you know anyone with memory problems or, like me, want to maintain your own mental prowess, try these simple spices in your food regularly. Just maybe we can avoid the predicament altogether.
One spice, Cinnamon, is especially powerful. It affects several physiologic functions of the body. Cinnamon kills bacteria and yeasts that cause stomach ulcers and urinary-tract infections, and even helps the body regulate blood sugar. But for me, the most important benefit of its consumption is increased brainpower. A few years ago, it was discovered that just the smell of cinnamon could improve cognitive function. In that study, it was true that either tasting (technically it was chewing) or smelling cinnamon worked to improve brainpower. WOW… this may lead me to renew my old grade-school days’ habit of chewing cinnamon toothpicks... read on | <urn:uuid:c60c2f9e-00b6-4e09-9396-a7a1bc24bfd9> | 2013-05-21T10:20:10Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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thewier is a valid word in this word list. For a definition, see the external dictionary links below.
The word "thewier" uses 7 letters: E E H I R T W.
No direct anagrams for thewier found in this word list.
Shorter words found within thewier:
eh either er ere et eth ether ewe ewer he heir her here het hew hewer hi hie hire hit ire it ither re ree rei ret rete retie rewet rite tee tew the thee their there thew thir three threw ti tie tier tire tree twee twier we wee weer weet weir were wert wet wether whee where whet whir whit white whiter wire wit wite with withe wither writ write writhe
List shorter words within thewier, sorted by length
All words formed from thewier by changing one letter
Browse words starting with thewier by next letter | <urn:uuid:d94bf7da-d5fe-4347-94b9-08bf414624df> | 2013-05-21T09:59:07Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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History of Mortein
Mortein was first manufactured as an insecticidal powder in the 1870s by J. Hagemann, a German immigrant to Australia. It is said that Hagemann himself came up with the name Mortein, with a little help from his French wife: the famous name is a combination of the French word 'mort' (dead) and the German 'ein' (one).
Hagemann used crushed chrysanthemum flowers to produce a pyrethrum extract. The powder was originally sprinkled about, and in the 1920s a squeeze puffer was developed. Hagemann introduced a liquid version in 1928. He combined this with kerosene and had a pump pack designed (the traditional 'flit gun') which allowed the insecticide to be sprayed into the air or onto the pests themselves.
Hagemann's product was distributed wholesale by Samuel Taylor. Taylor ran his own business until his death in 1895. Soon after that , the business went broke, and in 1909 it came into the hands of F. S. Steer and Thomas Jackson. They were to revive Taylor's business and ultimately set it up as a proprietary company in 1937 as Samuel Taylor Pty Ltd. This company was to play a critical role in Mortein's development, mainly through the activities of its larger-than-life managing director from the 1940s to the 1960s, Bill Graham.
By 1953, Mortein was already a household name when the Samuel Taylor company pioneered the aerosol industry in Australia by introducing the Pressure Pak. When TV arrived in Australia in 1956, a lengthy 'infomercial' by Mortein was one of the first TV ads produced and shown in this country.
Graham believed in aggressive marketing and advertising, and saw the potential of TV as soon as it appeared. He developed new brand after new brand, including several which are household names today, such as Preen, Fabulon, Aerogard and Mr Sheen. Mortein was, perhaps, his favourite. He was a passionate believer in the safety and efficacy of his product, and once (rumour has it) drank down a glass of Mortein in front of a shocked government inquiry to demonstrate how safe it was.
In 1969 the Samuel Taylor company was bought by the British company Reckitt & Colman. The Australian firm, under its British parent, introduced and promoted to the Australian market several of the country's most familiar household names over the past few decades. Among these consumer icons, Mortein stands out as the most widely recognised of all.
Things you didnít know about Mortein
- Mortein Pressure Pak was the first commercially produced aerosol in Australia back in the 1950s
- Mortein was a pioneer in advertising, producing one of the first television advertisements in Australia
- That loveable rogue Louie the Fly, synonymous with the name Mortein, has been around on television since 1957. Follow Louie the Fly on Facebook. Visit www.louiethefly.com.au.
- The name 'Mortein' is said to derive from the French 'mort' (dead) plus the German 'ein' (one) and was concocted by Mortein's German inventor and his French wife in the 1870s.
- Mortein, developed and made in Australia, has been the leading brand of household insecticide in Australian homes for over 100 years.
Mortein has moved a long way from the simple pyrethrum powder and early kerosene-based flit gun fly spray.
Mortein now has products to cater for all pest problems.
Superbrands, a Sydney based publishing company | <urn:uuid:032e54b0-59c8-4e23-a9ee-a9d953c13932> | 2013-05-21T10:14:16Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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MDH Fact Sheet/Brochure
Why Does My Water Smell Like Rotten Eggs?
HYDROGEN SULFIDE AND SULFUR BACTERIA IN WELL
Hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) can occur in wells anywhere in
Minnesota, and gives the water a characteristic "rotten egg" taste or odor.
This brochure provides basic information about hydrogen sulfide gas and sulfur
bacteria and discusses actions that you can take to minimize their effects.
What are the sources of hydrogen
sulfide in well water and the water distribution system?
Hydrogen sulfide gas can result from a number of different sources. It can
occur naturally in groundwater. It can be produced by certain "sulfur bacteria"
in the groundwater, in the well, or in the water distribution system. It can be
produced also by sulfur bacteria or chemical reactions inside water heaters. In
rare instances, it can result from pollution. The source of the gas is
important when considering treatment options.
Are sulfur bacteria or hydrogen sulfide
In most cases, the rotten egg smell does not relate to the sanitary quality of
the water. However, in rare instances the gas may result from sewage or other
pollution. It is a good idea to have the well tested for the standard sanitary
tests of coliform bacteria and nitrate. Sulfur bacteria are not harmful, but
hydrogen sulfide gas in the air can be hazardous at high levels. It is
important to take steps to remove the gas from the water, or vent the gas to the
atmosphere so that it will not collect in low-lying spaces, such as well pits,
basements, or enclosed spaces, such as well houses. Only qualified people who
have received special training and use proper safety procedures should enter a
well pit or other enclosed space where hydrogen sulfide gas may be present.
Are there other problems associated
with sulfur bacteria or hydrogen sulfide?
Yes. Sulfur bacteria produce a slime and can promote
the growth of other bacteria, such as iron bacteria. The slime can clog wells,
plumbing, and irrigation systems. Bacterial slime may be white, grey, black or
reddish brown if associated with iron bacteria. Hydrogen sulfide gas in water
can cause black stains on silverware and plumbing fixtures. It can also corrode
pipes and other metal components of the water distribution system.
What causes hydrogen sulfide gas to
form in groundwater?
Decay of organic matter such as vegetation, or chemical reactions with some
sulfur-containing minerals in the soil and rock, may naturally create hydrogen
sulfide in gas in groundwater. As groundwater moves through soil and rock
formations containing minerals of sulfate, some of these minerals dissolve in
the water. A unique group of bacteria, called "sulfur bacteria" or
"sulfate-reducing bacteria" can change sulfate and other sulfur containing
compounds, including natural organic materials, to hydrogen sulfide gas.
How is hydrogen sulfide gas produced in
a water heater?
A water heater can provide an ideal environment for the conversion of sulfate to
hydrogen sulfide gas. The water heater can produce hydrogen sulfide gas in two
ways - creating a warm environment where sulfur bacteria can live, and
sustaining a reaction between sulfate in the water and the water heater anode.
A water heater usually contains a metal rod called an "anode," which is
installed to reduce corrosion of the water heater tank. The anode is usually
made of magnesium metal, which can supply electrons that aid in the conversion
of sulfate to hydrogen sulfide gas. The anode is 1/2 to 3/4 inches in diameter
and 30 to 40 inches long.
How can I find the source of a hydrogen
sulfide problem, and what can I do to eliminate it?
The odor of hydrogen sulfide gas can be detected in water at a very low level.
Smell the water coming out of the hot and cold water faucets. Determine which
faucets have the odor. The "rotten egg" smell will often be more noticeable
from the hot water because more of the gas is vaporized. Your sense of smell
becomes dulled quickly, so the best time to check is after you have been away
from your home for a few hours. You can also have the water tested for hydrogen
sulfide, sulfate, sulfur bacteria, and iron bacteria at an environmental testing
laboratory. The cost of testing for hydrogen sulfide ranges from $20 to $50
depending on the type of test.
- If the smell is only from the hot water
faucet the problem is likely to be in the water heater.
- If the smell is in both the hot and cold
faucets, but only from the water treated by a water softener and not in the
untreated water the problem is likely to be sulfur bacteria in the water
- If the smell is strong when the water in
both the hot and cold faucets is first turned on, and it diminishes or goes
away after the water has run, or if the smell varies through time the
problems is likely to be sulfur bacteria in the well or distribution system.
- If the smell is strong when the water in
both the hot and cold faucets is first turned on and is more or less
constant and persists with use the problem is likely to be hydrogen sulfide
gas in the groundwater.
What can I do about a problem water
Unless you are very familiar with the operation and maintenance of the water
heater, you should contact a water system professional, such as a plumber, to do
- Replace or remove the magnesium anode.
Many water heaters have a magnesium anode, which is attached to a plug
located on top of the water heater. It can be removed by turning off the
water, releasing the pressure from the water heater, and unscrewing the
plug. Be sure to plug the hole. Removal of the anode, however, may
significantly decrease the life of the water heater. You may wish to
consult with a reputable water heater dealer to determine if a replacement
anode made of a different material, such as aluminum, can be installed. A
replacement anode may provide corrosion protection without contributing to
the production of hydrogen sulfide gas.
- Disinfect and flush the water heater
with a chlorine bleach solution. Chlorination can kill sulfur bacteria,
if done properly. If all bacteria are not destroyed by chlorination, the
problem may return within a few weeks.
- Increase the water heater temperature to
160 degrees Fahrenheit (71 degrees Celsius) for several hours. This
will destroy the sulfur bacteria. Flushing to remove the dead bacteria
after treatment should control the odor problem.
CAUTION: Increasing the water heater
temperature can be dangerous. Before proceeding, consult with the manufacturer
or dealer regarding an operable pressure relief valve, and for other
recommendations. Be sure to lower the thermostat setting and make certain the
water temperature is reduced following treatment to prevent injury from scalding
hot water and to avoid high energy costs.
What if sulfur bacteria are present in the
well, the water distribution system, or the water softener?
- Have the well and distribution system
disinfected by flushing with a strong chlorine solution (shock chlorination)
as indicated in the "Well Disinfection" fact sheet from the Minnesota
Department of Health (MDH). Sulfur bacteria can be difficult to remove once
established in a well. Physical scrubbing of the well casing, use of
special treatment chemicals, and agitation of the water may be necessary
prior to chlorination to remove the bacteria, particularly if they are
associated with another type of bacteria known as "iron bacteria". Contact
a licensed well contractor or a Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) well
specialist for details.
- If the bacteria are in water treatment
devices, such as a water softener, contact the manufacturer, the installer,
or the MDH for information on the procedure for disinfecting the treatment
What if hydrogen sulfide gas is in the
The problem may only be eliminated by drilling a well into different
formation capable of producing water that is free of hydrogen sulfide gas or
connecting to an alternate water source, if available. However, there are
several options available for treatment of water with hydrogen sulfide gas.
- Install an activated carbon filter.
This option is only effective for low hydrogen sulfide levels, usually less
than 1 milligram per liter (mg/L).* The gas is trapped by the carbon filter
is saturated. Since the carbon filter can remove substances in addition to
hydrogen sulfide gas, it is difficult to predict its service life. Some
large carbon filters have been known to last for years, while some small
filters may last for only weeks or even days.
- Install an oxidizing filter, such as a
"manganese greensand" filter. This option is effective for hydrogen
sulfide levels up to about 6 mg/L. Manganese greensand filters are often
used to treat iron problems in water. The device consists of manganese
greensand media, which is sand coated with manganese dioxide. The hydrogen
sulfide gas in the water is changed to tiny particles of sulfur as it passes
through the filter. The filter must be periodically regenerated, using
potassium permanganate, before the capacity of the greensand is exhausted.
- Install an oxidation-filtration system.
This option is effective for hydrogen sulfide levels up to and exceeding 6
mg/L. These systems utilize a chemical feed pump to inject an oxidizing
chemical, such as chlorine, into the water supply line prior to a storage or
mixing tank. When sufficient contact time is allowed, the oxidizing
chemical changes the hydrogen sulfide to sulfur, which is then removed by a
particulate filter, such as a manganese greensand filter. Excess chlorine
can be removed by activated carbon filtration.
Other related references that are available
from MDH include:
Iron Bacteria in Well Water
Sulfate in Well Water
Well Owner's Handbook
If you have any questions, please contact a
licensed well contractor, a reputable water treatment company, or a well
specialist at one of the following offices of the MDH:
Minnesota Department of Health
Well Management Section
PO Box 64975
St. Paul, Minnesota 55164-0975
Source: Minnesota Department of Health
Fact Sheet/Brochure "Why Does My Water Smell Like
Rotten Eggs? Hydrogen Sulfide and Sulfur Bacteria in Well Water" | <urn:uuid:40d03d22-3b01-482b-8b64-302cde04dd0b> | 2013-05-21T10:35:20Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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SEC. 99-35-137. Copy of death sentence to be delivered to sheriff.
It shall be the duty of the clerk of the court to which the mandate of the supreme court for the execution of a prisoner punishable by death is sent, forthwith to deliver to the sheriff of the proper county a copy of the sentence, under the seal of his office, which shall be the warrant of the sheriff for executing the convict.
SOURCES: Codes, 1880, Sec. 1435; 1892, Sec. 4372; 1906, Sec. 4938; Hemingway's 1917, Sec. 3214; 1930, Sec. 3397; 1942, Sec. 1981. | <urn:uuid:0f68b74d-eeac-4155-910e-e488891be4e4> | 2013-05-21T09:58:51Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Author of the blues classic "Going Down," Don Nix is one of the more obscure figures in Southern soul and rock. As a producer he has worked with Freddie King, Jeff Beck, and Furry Lewis, among others; as an artist, he has released solo albums on Shelter and Elektra, as well as smaller labels like Icehouse.
Born in Memphis, Nix attended Messick High School with Donald "Duck" Dunn and Steve Cropper of the famed Stax house band Booker T. & the MG's. After graduation, Nix spent a short stint in the Army before returning to Memphis, where he joined Dunn and Cropper, along with Wayne Jackson, Packy Axton, Terry Johnson, and Smoochy Smith, as a saxophonist in the Mar-Keys.
The group scored a smash hit with the instrumental "Last Night" on the Satellite label (later Stax/Volt), and Nix went on the road with the group, while a house band from Memphis attempted to recorded follow-up hits under the Mar-Keys' name.
After the success of "Last Night" fizzled, Nix returned to Memphis and spent the next several years as a horn for hire, occasionally playing gigs with a re-formed version of the Mar-Keys or backing Stax stars such as William Bell and Carla Thomas.
In the mid-'60s, Nix began making trips to L.A. to visit Leon Russell and Carle Radle, friends he'd met through touring. The friendship with Russell, a big producer at the time, landed Nix a position in Dick Clark's Caravan of Stars backing one of Russell's acts, Gary Lewis & the Playboys. Their friendship also provided Nix the opportunity to see how a session was put together, and he began engineering and producing at studios around Memphis such as Stax and Ardent.
Nix spent the next several years writing and producing for artists such as Freddie King, Albert King, Sid Selvidge, and Charlie Musselwhite. In 1970, he signed a recording deal with Shelter Records (co-owned by his old friend Leon Russell) and released a solo album, In God We Trust. The album didn't sell very well, and after a few more attempts, Nix returned to recording other artists, producing records for John Mayall and the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section.
Absent from the record industry throughout most of the '80s, in recent years Nix has relocated to Nashville and began writing and producing again. He published a book about his experiences titled Road Stories & Recipes, and re-recorded many of his classic tracks with musicians such as Brian May and Steve Cropper for 2002's nostalgic Going Down. ~ Steve Kurutz, Rovi | <urn:uuid:06c61a03-561d-4302-bccb-984daea299f0> | 2013-05-21T10:01:47Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A resident’s progress is monitored in each year by the Residency Training Committee. During the academic year, the resident meets with the Program Director (or designate) to review his/her ITERs - at six months and again at the end of the academic year. Based on these meetings, the Program Director prepares a Mid-Year Progress Report and an End-of-Academic-Year Report.
To successfully complete a postgraduate program, a resident must be promoted through each year of his/her program. The Residency Training Committee meets every year to review a resident’s progress report(s). In some instances, the Committee may also review individual ITERs from the specific rotations. On the basis of this review, the Residency Training Committee decides which residents should be promoted to the next year and which residents are eligible to sit the national examinations of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons or the College of Family Physicians of Canada. | <urn:uuid:937e6d1c-66ca-4469-98ef-02e889e052ac> | 2013-05-21T10:13:56Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Sources & References
According to the American Psychiatric Association, a phobia is an uncontrollable, irrational, and persistent fear of a specific object, situation, or activity. The fear experienced by people with phobias can be so great that some individuals go to extreme lengths to avoid the source of their fear. One extreme response to the source of a phobia can be a panic attack.
Every year, approximately 19 million Americans experience one or more phobias that range from mild to severe. Phobias can occur in early childhood, but usually are first evident between the ages of 15 and 20 years. They affect both genders equally, although men are more likely to seek treatment for phobias.
Research suggests that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the onset of phobias. Specific phobias have been associated with a fearful first encounter with the phobic object or situation. The question still exists, however, whether this conditioning exposure is necessary or if phobias can develop in genetically predisposed individuals.
|Specific phobia||What is specific phobia?|
Specific phobia is characterized by extreme fear of an object or situation that is not harmful under general conditions.
Examples may include a fear of the following:
- Flying (fearing the plane will crash)
- Dogs (fearing the dog will bite/attack)
- Closed-in places (fear of being trapped)
- Tunnels (fearing a collapse)
- Heights (fear of falling)
What are the characteristics of specific phobia?
People with specific phobias know that their fear is excessive, but are unable to overcome their emotion. The disorder is diagnosed only when the specific fear interferes with daily activities of school, work, or home life.
Approximately 19 million American adults ages 18 to 54, in a given year, have some type of specific phobia. There is no known cause, although they seem to run in families and are slightly more prevalent in women. If the object of the fear is easy to avoid, people with phobias may not feel the need to seek treatment. Sometimes, however, they may make important career or personal decisions to avoid a situation that includes the source of the phobia.
Treatment for specific phobia
There is currently no proven drug treatment for specific phobias, however, in some cases, certain medications may be prescribed to help reduce anxiety symptoms before someone faces a phobic situation.
When phobias interfere with a person's life, treatment can help, and usually involves a kind of cognitive-behavioral therapy called desensitization or exposure therapy. In this, patients are gradually exposed to what frightens them until the fear begins to fade. Relaxation and breathing exercises also help to reduce anxiety symptoms.
|Social phobia||What is social phobia?|
Social phobia is an anxiety disorder in which a person has significant anxiety and discomfort related to a fear of being embarrassed, humiliated, or scorned by others in social or performance situations. Even when they manage to confront this fear, persons with social phobia usually:
- Feel very anxious before the event/outing
- Feel intensely uncomfortable throughout the event/outing
- Have lingering unpleasant feelings after the event/outing
Social phobia frequently occurs with the following:
- Public speaking
- Meeting people
- Dealing with authority figures
- Eating in public
- Using public restrooms
What are the characteristics of social phobia?
Although this disorder is often thought of as shyness, the two are not the same. Shy people can be very uneasy around others, but they do not experience the extreme anxiety in anticipating a social situation, and, they do not necessarily avoid circumstances that make them feel self-conscious. In contrast, people with social phobia are not necessarily shy at all, but can be completely at ease with some people most of the time.
Most people experiencing social phobia will try to avoid situations that provoke dread or otherwise cause them much distress.
Diagnosing social phobia
Social phobia is diagnosed when the fear or avoidance significantly interferes with normal, expected routines, or is excessively upsetting.
Social phobia disrupts normal life, interfering with career or social relationships. It often runs in families and may be accompanied by depression or alcoholism. Social phobia often begins around early adolescence or even younger. Approximately 15 million American adults ages 18 to 54 experience social phobia in a given year.
Treatment for social phobia
People who suffer from social phobia often find relief from their symptoms when treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy, or medications, or a combination of the two.
|Agoraphobia||What is agoraphobia?|
Agoraphobia is a Greek word that literally means "fear of the marketplace." This anxiety disorder involves the fear of experiencing a panic attack in a place or situation from which escape may be difficult or embarrassing.
The anxiety associated with agoraphobia is so severe that panic attacks are not unusual, and individuals with agoraphobia typically try to avoid the location or cause of their fear. Agoraphobia involves fear of situations such as, but is not limited to, the following:
- Being alone outside his or her home
- Being at home alone
- Being in a crowd
- Traveling in a vehicle
- Being in an elevator or on a bridge
People with agoraphobia typically avoid crowded places like streets, crowded stores, churches, and theaters.
What are the characteristics of agoraphobia?
Most people with agoraphobia develop the disorder after first suffering a series of one or more panic attacks. The attacks occur randomly and without warning, and make it impossible for a person to predict what situations will trigger the reaction. This unpredictability of the panic causes the person to anticipate future panic attacks and, eventually, fear any situation in which an attack may occur. As a result, they avoid going into any place or situation where previous panic attacks have occurred.
People with the disorder often become so disabled that they literally feel they cannot leave their homes. Others who have agoraphobia, do go into potentially "phobic" situations, but only with great distress, or when accompanied by a trusted friend or family member.
Persons with agoraphobia may also develop depression, fatigue, tension, alcohol or drug abuse problems, and obsessive disorders, making seeking treatment crucial. Approximately 1.8 million American adults ages 18 to 54 experience agoraphobia in a given year.
Click here to view the
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How to create stereo width using ping-pong delay
Careful use of a stereo delay effect is an invaluable tool for thickening up sounds and adding width to a mix.
In the video above and the step-by-step below we use a mono piano line to demonstrate how.
Step 1: We've chosen a piano to demonstrate this technique as it spans a relatively broad frequency range, has a reasonably audible sustain and features very defined attack transients. Load Piano100.wav (right click and Save As) into your DAW and have a listen. This is a stereo file with mono information in it (ie, both channels are identical).
Step 2: We're running at 100bpm. Insert a basic stereo delay effect, make sure the panning/spread is set to max and deactivate any filtering. Using Cubase's Delay, we've left the Feedback and Mix knobs at their default middle positions. A Delay of 100ms improves the stereo width, but it sounds messy.
Step 3: Tempo-synced delay would seem the obvious choice, as it'll ensure rhythmic, musical repeats. But what delay interval we go for? Our goal is to enhance the piano part's perceived width - an 1/8 Delay setting sounds clashy, with some of the original notes being masked by previous notes...
Step 4: ...but 1/16 Delay sounds much better, as it leaves space for the original mono signal to breathe (the delay settings you use will vary depending on the source signal). As well as giving the impression of the piano taking up more of the stereo field, the delay adds front-to-back depth. Finally, we set the Mix knob to 25 to put the focus back on the dry signal. | <urn:uuid:8568bfea-c053-4155-9973-f2e085f5c7b4> | 2013-05-21T10:00:39Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Advance decision, or living will
An advance decision, more commonly known as a living will, allows you to make important choices to be carried out when end of life medical decisions have to be taken. Jessica Tomlin describes the benefits.
What is an advance decision?
An advance decision - formerly known as a 'living will' - is a document that enables health care professionals to know your treatment wishes should you no longer be able to communicate them.
Advance decision can also be known as advance directive.
The most relevant feature of an advance decision is the section that enables you to state that you wish to refuse treatment, including life-sustaining treatment, should you lose the capacity to make these decisions in the future.
Compassion in Dying have produced an advance decision document, including very helpful guidance notes.
My Last Song suggest you download the form. Before you fill it in, discuss your decisions with your GP and close family members.
Why make an advance decision?
There are many benefits associated with making an advance decision, or more commonly, having a living will:
- Taking control: Advance decisions give you more control of your end of life care and treatment;
- Peace of mind: Advance decisions provide you and your family with the peace of mind that your wishes will be respected and that, in certain circumstances, your life will not be prolonged against their wishes;
- Legally binding: Advance decisions have been given statutory force under the Mental Capacity Act in October 2007 so that any decision to refuse treatment is legally binding;
- Better decision making: Making an advance decision is a good opportunity to discuss your wishes with close family and your doctor.
Limitations of advance decisions
An advance decision can't be used to:
- ask for your life to be ended;
- force doctors to act against their professional judgement;
- nominate someone else to decide about treatment on your behalf.
As with advance statements, bear in mind that new drugs or treatments may be introduced in the future so you may wish to allow for new treatments even if refusing a current one.
Who can make an advance decision?
Anyone who is mentally competent and over 18 can make an advance decision.
You should review your advance decision regularly - perhaps every couple of years - to check that you are still happy with what it contains. You may want to change certain treatment requests or change your mind about refusing treatment.
Who should have a copy?
Five copies may seem a lot, but as with a will, it is vital that this document is found as soon as it is required to ensure your wishes are carried out. These are the people who you should give a copy to:
- One copy to your GP;
- One copy to a trusted friend;
- One copy to a trusted family member;
- One copy with your solicitor;
- One copy to keep yourself. You can also carry a credit-card sized card stating that you have an advance decision.
Consider keeping a digital copy in your Lifebox. You will be the only person able to access it, and then update it if required.
You can give your second key holder permission to open your Lifebox when you feel you losing the capacity to make cohesive decisions about your end of life care.
Remember to replace old copies with new copies if you update your advance decision.
An advance decision enables you to state the scenarios in which you would or would not wish to receive further treatment.
- if you are terminally ill with no reasonable prospect of recovery;
- if you suffer a serious mental impairment; or
- if you are persistently unconscious for X amount of weeks.
In a Pro-Choice advance decision - which also lets you state which treatments you do consent to - you can also state any spiritual and personal wishes that you wish to be taken into account, although this section is purely advisory and not legally binding. | <urn:uuid:f0092222-02e2-40dc-9391-2e31f7cc72dc> | 2013-05-21T10:06:15Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The knowledge, skills and understandings relating to students’ writing have been drawn from the Statements of Learning for English (MCEECDYA 2005).
Students are taught to write a variety of forms of writing at school. The three main forms of writing (also called genres or text types) that are taught are narrative writing, informative writing and persuasive writing. In the Writing tests, students are provided with a ‘writing stimulus' (sometimes called a prompt – an idea or topic) and asked to write a response in a particular genre or text type.
In 2013, students will be required to complete a persuasive writing task.
The Writing task targets the full range of student capabilities expected of students from Years 3 to 9. The same stimulus is used for students in Years 3, 5, 7 and 9. The lines in the response booklet for Year 3 students are more widely spaced than for Years 5, 7 and 9 and more capable students will address the topic at a higher level. The same marking guide is used to assess all students' writing, allowing for a national comparison of student writing capabilities across these year levels.
Assessing the Writing task
Students’ writing will be marked by assessors who have received intensive training in the application of a set of ten writing criteria summarised below. The full Persuasive Writing Marking Guide ( 5.7 MB) and the writing stimulus used to prompt the writing samples in the Marking Guide are both available for download.
Descriptions of the Writing criteria
||Description of marking criterion
|The writer’s capacity to orient, engage and persuade the reader
||The organisation of the structural components of a persuasive text (introduction, body and conclusion) into an appropriate and effective text structure
||The selection, relevance and elaboration of ideas for a persuasive argument
||The use of a range of persuasive devices to enhance the writer’s position and persuade the reader
||The range and precision of contextually appropriate language choices
||The control of multiple threads and relationships across the text, achieved through the use of grammatical elements (referring words, text connectives, conjunctions) and lexical elements (substitutions, repetitions, word associations)
||The segmenting of text into paragraphs that assists the reader to follow the line of argument
||The production of grammatically correct, structurally sound and meaningful sentences
||The use of correct and appropriate punctuation to aid the reading of the text
||The accuracy of spelling and the difficulty of the words used
The Narrative Writing Marking Guide (used in 2008 - 2010 ) is also available.
Use of formulaic structures
Beginning writers can benefit from being taught how to use structured scaffolds. One such scaffold that is commonly used is the five paragraph argument essay. However, when students becomes more competent, the use of this structure can be limiting. As writers develop their capabilities they should be encouraged to move away from formulaic structures and to use a variety of different persuasive text types, styles and language features, as appropriate to different topics.
Students are required to write their opinion and to draw on personal knowledge and experience when responding to test topics. Students are not expected to have detailed knowledge about the topic. Students should feel free to use any knowledge that they have on the topic, but should not feel the need to manufacture evidence to support their argument. In fact, students who do so may undermine the credibility of their argument by making statements that are implausible.
Example topics and different styles:
City or country (see example prompt )
A beginning writer could write their opinion about living in either the city or country and give reasons for it. A more capable writer might also choose to take one side and argue for it. However, this topic also lends itself to a comparative style response from a more capable writer. It can be argued there are benefits and limitations to living in the city and living in the country. A writer could also choose to introduce other options, for example living in a large country town that might have the benefits of city and rural life. Positions taken on this topic are likely to elicit logical, practical reasons and anecdotes based on writers’ experiences.
Books or TV (see example prompt )
A beginning writer could write about their opinion of one aspect and give reasons for it. However, this topic lends itself to a comparative style response from a more capable writer. It can be argued there are benefits and limitations to both books and TV. The reasons for either side of the topic are likely to elicit logical, practical reasons and personal anecdotes based on the writer's experiences of both books and TV.
It is cruel to keep animals in cages and zoos (see example prompt )
A beginning writer could take on one side of the topic and give reasons for it. However, this topic lends itself to be further redefined. For example, a more capable writer might develop the difference between open range zoos and small cages and then argue the merits of one and limitations of the other. The animal welfare issues raised by this topic are likely to elicit very empathetic and emotive arguments based on the writer's knowledge about zoos and animals.
More information on persuasive writing can be found in the FAQ section for NAPLAN - Writing test.
National minimum standards
The national minimum standards for writing describe some of the skills and understandings students can generally demonstrate at their particular year schooling. The standards are intended to be a snapshot of typical achievement and do not describe the full range of what students are taught or what they may achieve.
For further information on the national minimum standards see Performance Standards. | <urn:uuid:817d308c-adeb-427a-9b89-415a8f96d2ec> | 2013-05-21T10:13:37Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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TOWNSEND -- In the 2013-2014 seasons North Middlesex High School's basketball teams will be forced to play their postseason hoops out West. The MIAA, when asked to comment on the proposal, said that simply too many teams were qualifying for the District Tournament in CMass. Division 2.
To the average high school hoops fan the process of realignment is always baffling, but in certain circumstances it is necessary. The reasoning behind the shifting of teams is to extend the opportunity for more teams to qualify for the postseason.
"This alignment business is complicated," said MIAA Public Relations Coordinator Paul Wetzel. "There is a number of factors that go into it, and it isn't unusual that we have schools with some of their teams in one grouping and some in another."
Enrollment numbers are a huge player in determining where a team will play in the postseason. As it stands at the moment, North Middlesex is one of the smaller high schools in Division 2 Central Mass. with an enrollment of just more than 1,000 students. In college athletics it is an regular occurrence to have a Northeastern team playing in the Western Bracket, when there is a regional closer to the school.
To put it bluntly, the reasoning behind this move is to help level the playing field a bit. As the district qualifier rules are written, a team only has to win half of their games in order to qualify for district play. The equation used to determine who moves and who stays depends
The Patriots appear ready for the move, and it doesn't seem like an appeal to the MIAA's decision is coming anytime in the near future. Looking at the enrollment figures of MIAA sanctioned schools, North Middlesex is considerably much smaller than the majority of the schools in their division.
North Middlesex boys' basketball head coach Erik Dellasanta was part of the study regarding moving teams from Central Mass. out West. Dellasanta made mention that Eastern Mass teams need to win 11 games to make the tournament, while Central Mass. needs to win around six.
The biggest concern from fans and people around the programs on the move was in regards to the regular-season schedule. North Middlesex will remain in the Mid-Wach B, and the opponents will only change come tournament time. It's a statewide tournament, and this way more teams will have a crack at the title.
"We have a little bit over 1,000 kids right now," said Dellasanta. "All Division 2 teams in Eastern Mass. are 1,000 and above. To align North Middlesex in the western region of the state in Division 2 is only right by our kids in my mind."
If North Middlesex was to qualify for the District Tournament this year, they would compete in the Central Mass. Division 2 bracket.
"The biggest thing for us at North Middlesex is to get ourselves better and compete," said North Middlesex athletic director Mike Dawson. "It's all about the spot-the-ball mentality. Put the ball down and let's play. We will go wherever they tell us to go. It doesn't matter who we play." | <urn:uuid:87d5cf3c-f90f-4615-ac5e-149ff52586b3> | 2013-05-21T10:34:09Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Thomas J. Gumbleton
Auxiliary Bishop of the Archdiocese
of Detroit, Michigan *
When they set out from Rephidim, they came to the wilderness of Sinai and camped
in the wilderness; and there Israel camped in front of the mountain. Moses went
up to God, and the LORD called to him from the mountain, saying, "Thus you shall
say to the house of Jacob and tell the sons of Israel: 'You yourselves have seen
what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles' wings, and brought
you to Myself. 'Now then, if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant,
then you shall be My own possession among all the peoples, for all the earth is
Mine; and you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.' These are
the words that you shall speak to the sons of Israel."
For while we were still helpless, at the right time Christ died for the ungodly.
For one will hardly die for a righteous man; though perhaps for the good man
someone would dare even to die. But God demonstrates His own love toward us, in
that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. Much more then, having now
been justified by His blood, we shall be saved from the wrath of God through
Him. For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of
His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life. And
not only this, but we also exult in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through
whom we have now received the reconciliation.
Seeing the people,
He felt compassion for them, because they were distressed and dispirited like
sheep without a shepherd. Then He said to His disciples, "The harvest is
plentiful, but the workers are few. Therefore beseech the Lord of the harvest to
send out workers into His harvest." Jesus summoned His twelve disciples and gave
them authority over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal every kind of
disease and every kind of sickness. Now the names of the twelve apostles are
these: The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; and James
the son of Zebedee, and John his brother; Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and
Matthew the tax collector; James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus; Simon the
Zealot, and Judas Iscariot, the one who betrayed Him. These twelve Jesus sent
out after instructing them: "Do not go in the way of the Gentiles, and do not
enter any city of the Samaritans; but rather go to the lost sheep of the house
of Israel. And as you go, preach, saying, 'The kingdom of heaven is at hand.'
Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse the lepers, cast out demons. Freely you
received, freely give.
longtime national and international activist in the peace movement, Bishop
Gumbleton is a founding member of Pax Christi USA and an outspoken critic
of the sanctions against Iraq.
has appeared on numerous radio and television programs, and has published
numerous articles and reports.
* Scripture texts in this
work are in modified form from the American Standard Version of the Bible
and are available as part of the public domain.
For your convenience, the
Scripture texts, as they appear in the Lectionary for Mass for Use in the
Dioceses of the United States, second typical edition, Copyright ©
1998, 1997, 1970 Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Washington, D.C.,
may be found at the website of the United States Conference of Catholic
The Web link to Pax Christi is provided as a service to our readers.
I asked Keir and Eric to sing that song before
we began our reflection today because I hope that all of us will leave here with
those words resonating in our minds and our hearts– how God loves us, especially
through Jesus made visible -- that love of God made visible for each of us.
Remember the words “Oh, how God loves you and me." And that’s brought out
so clearly in each of the lessons today.
In the first lesson, Moses reminds the chosen people, who at various times, as
you remember, when they’re traveling through the desert, become very discouraged
and complain because it's a hard journey and there are many times that they are
hungry, they’re homeless, they’re wandering through the desert. But God is
always with them.
And there’s that very beautiful image that Moses uses that we often here
because it’s been written into the song, “On Eagle’s Wings.” “You have seen what
I did to the Egyptians and how I carried you on eagle’s wings and brought you to
myself.” Maybe we’re not so familiar with what that image contains, but it’s a
marvelous image for the love of God. It’s the mother eagle sending the small,
newborn eaglets, I guess we call them, off on their own. They make their first
journey away from the nest, trying to fly on their own. But as they become
tired and can’t carry on, the mother eagle comes under them and spans her wings
and carries the tiny ones on her wings. That’s the love of God, Moses is saying,
carrying the chosen people through the desert but also carrying each one of us.
Whenever we become tired or the journey gets hard or we are confronted with
various kinds of difficulties or suffering, God is like that mother eagle
carrying us on God’s wings. A beautiful way to think about the love of God,
reminding ourselves everyday that God loves you, God loves me -- and God will
always be there to carry us along.
And, of course, in the second lesson St. Paul, in a very dramatic way, points
out how we might understand if someone gave his or her life for a person who is
really good, someone who deserves to have his or her life saved because they
were so good. We might understand the sacrifice of my life for another in that
way. But Paul says that God is so far beyond that. It’s when we were
sinners, when we were far from God, when we were helpless– that’s when God loves
us and God lifts us up. We don’t earn the love of God. It’s a total gift and
it’s always there. It’s so easy for us to forget that. In fact, I think it’s
hard for many of us even to believe that that’s the kind of God we worship, the
God who is love– love without limit, without condition. He doesn’t demand that
we do this, that, or the other thing in order to be loved. God loves us period.
Without any limit. Without any condition. Always and everywhere and forever.
God’s love is always there.
And in the Gospel lesson Jesus also uses a beautiful image to show how in him
the love of God is made so clear, manifest. He speaks of himself as a shepherd.
And for the people who heard him when he first spoke those words there would
have been a very clear resonance. When Jesus says, “I am the Shepard. My heart
goes out to the sheep who are harassed and scattered and I draw them back.”
Well, the people who were listening, especially Matthew’s community ,which was a
Jewish community of Christians, they would remember so well from the book of the
Prophet Ezekiel where the prophet speaks about the “Shepherds have not cared for
my sheep, because you Shepherds have not bothered yourselves about them but fed
yourselves and not the flock.” But then Ezekiel says, “Because of that hear the
word of God. This is what God says, ‘I will ask an account of the Shepherds and
reclaim my sheep from them. No longer shall they tend my flock nor shall there
be Shepherds who feed themselves. I shall save the flock from their mouths and
no longer shall it be food for them.’” Indeed God says this: “I myself will care
for my sheep and watch over them.” And Jesus is proclaiming he is that Shepard,
God in our midst, who is ready to reach out and bring back all of us into the
abundant love of God’s goodness, compassion.
What I hope is that each of us will continue to reflect on these lessons
throughout this day and throughout this week and keep on remembering, “Oh, how
God loves me.” But then, also, Jesus tells his disciples when he sends them out
to proclaim this same good news to let people know that God loves them. He says,
“What you have received as a gift, you must give as a gift.” In the Gospel
lesson, Jesus appoints the 12 whom he sends out. And it’s important to
understand that those 12 represent the 12 tribes of Israel. Well, Jesus was
living on this Earth. His understanding of his mission was to draw the people of
Israel, the chosen people back together again. The tribes had been scattered,
dispersed. Only the tribe of Judah remained as a whole nation and Jesus said,
“You must go out, you 12 disciple, to each of the 12 tribes and bring them
back.” But the love of God and Jesus doesn’t stop there. That’s how it was while
Jesus was here on the Earth. His role or his mission was to draw back the chosen
people, bring them back as a whole people. But, then if we remember further on
in the Gospel, after Jesus has given himself for us and has been raised from the
dead, then he meets with all of his community– the whole community– and he says,
“Now, you must be my disciples to all the nations.” And so he gives to the whole
church, the whole community of disciples this path of knowing the love of God
within ourselves and then going out to proclaim it! To let others know that God
loves them! Proclaim that good news!
And there are various ways that we can do this. A couple of things have happened
during this past week that reminds me of how important it is to carry on this
message of Jesus, to carry on the love of Jesus and how to do it in concrete
ways. After many, many years now of effort, people who have worked so hard to
bring the love of God to the poorest people on our planet by helping them to be
able to rise out of their poverty– the 18 poorest nations on the planet where
people live in absolute poverty– finally, the rich nations have agreed they will
eliminate all their debts. A debt that was destroying those nations because they
paid more in interest than they could pay for education or for medical care. And
so now it’s gone! They have a new chance. Many people worked hard to make that
happen but we have to go beyond that. We’re the richest nation on the planet and
this past week when President Bush and Prime Minister Blair had their press
conference, President Bush proclaimed that, “Well, we’re doing so much that we
give more money than everybody else.” Well, that’s true, in absolute terms, but
not when you consider the amount of wealth we have. Prime Minister Blair wants
to double the aid that’s given to the countries of Africa so they can overcome
the terrible problem of aids that is destroying so many people. We don’t really
give a whole lot as a nation. It’s about 15 cents out of 100 dollars of our
wealth. That’s all. Fifteen cents out of 100 dollars of wealth. We’d be
embarrassed if someone came to us in need and we gave them 15 cents out of 100
dollars and yet that’s what we do as a nation. So we have to keep on trying to
make our nation more generous, really, than it is to keep on reaching out–
proclaiming the good news! That’s a way, a very concrete way, of showing God
loves you! We proclaim that good news by sharing what God has given to us in
such abundance. “What you have been given freely, give freely.”
But, also, there’s a very simple way too that we can do this. It’s in our
bulletin today. Going out into our neighborhood, walking the streets, carrying
the message to the people right around here that God loves them! We’re not going
to be trying to convert everyone to the church, but we want them to know that
this church is here, that we’re a community of disciples of Jesus and that we
love them and we love all the people who live here, where we live among them! So
we’re going to have our evangelization team walking the streets again as we did
last summer, inviting people, welcoming people, but mostly just to let them know
that Jesus, who lives in our midst, loves them just as Jesus loves us.
If all of us keep in mind this beautiful message of today’s scriptures, “Oh, how
God loves you. Oh, how God loves you and me,” and then give that love as freely
as you have received it. If all of us will carry this message in our hearts this
week to try to live it, what a beautiful difference we can make. First of all,
in our own lives, we’ll be living with hope and with joy knowing that God loves
me, but also we’ll be living that spirit of compassion and love that Jesus chose
by going out and spreading the good news: God loves you, God loves me, and
God wants all of us to live in a world that is manifest so that we will live in
a world where there is justice and there truth for every person. The message is
a beautiful message. We must take it to heart and then we must live it. In the
name of the father and of the son and of the Holy Spirit. Amen. | <urn:uuid:1f97310e-42a4-41e5-b309-4fd6968dcdbd> | 2013-05-21T10:27:59Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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This grinning man holds a kail stock with a burning candle stuck in the top. This helps identify him as the fool or jester of a Scottish laird, who probably presided over Halloween festivities, such as those described in Robert Burns' poetry. Traditionally, unmarried men and women pulled up kail stocks to confirm the character of their future partner. A candle was then stuck into the end to make a torch. This portrait, painted in 1731, was possibly part of a series depicting Scottish clan members. | <urn:uuid:978bc874-71f6-4da5-bacc-86ab3a1a1909> | 2013-05-21T10:13:01Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A defiant Herman Cain denied on Tuesday that he has ever even met the woman who on Monday publicly accused him of sexual misconduct, and insisted that the allegations of sexual harassment lodged against him are falsehoods promulgated by political enemies.
"I have never acted inappropriately with anyone. Period," the presidential candidate said.
Speaking against a backdrop of American flags at a hotel in Scottsdale, Ariz., on the same day a second accuser went public with accusations of sexual harassment against him, Cain said he has no intention of withdrawing from the race.
"Ain't gonna happen," he said. "I will not be deterred by false, anonymous, incorrect accusations."
From National Journal:
CONNECTIONS POLL: Public Doubts Congress Will Aid Economy
ANALYSISThis Time Cain's Accuser Has a Name and a Face
Republicans Less Likely to Believe Cain Allegations
But there were signs of growing problems for the presidential contender. For the first time, some of his rivals began to raise concerns about the sexual harassment charges against him. And by Tuesday evening, lawyers for two of his accusers were raising the possibility of some of Cain's alleged victims holding a joint press conference to detail their accusations against him. Karen Kraushaar, a government spokeswoman who identified herself Tuesday as one of the women who reached a settlement with the National Restaurant Association after complaining of unwanted attention from Cain when he was CEO, suggested the joint press conference in interviews with the New York Times and CNN. In a separate interview with CNN, lawyer Gloria Allred said that her client, Sharon Bialek, would be willing to participate in such a news conference.
Cain's Arizona press conference was called to rebut charges Bialek made one day earlier. She accused Cain of sexually assaulting her after she sought his help finding a job in 1997 when Cain headed the Restaurant Association. Bialek became the first woman to publicly accuse Cain of improper behavior.
As he’s done since the accusations surfaced a week ago, Cain flatly denied any wrongdoing. He said he doesn't even recollect meeting Bialek, contending he saw her for the first time when he watched her press conference on TV.
“As I sat in my hotel room with a couple of my staff members, as they got to the microphone, my first response in my mind and reaction was, ‘I don't even know who this woman is,’” he said. “Secondly, I didn't recognize the name at all.”
Cain also called the accusations of a second woman who went public on Tuesday “baseless,” although he acknowledged he was aware she filed a complaint against him with the NRA. Though Cain's accuser, Kraushaar, reached a settlement with the association, the presidential contender denied the agreement was a result of any harassment.
“The accusations were made of sexual harassment,” said the White House hopeful. “They were found baseless.”
(RELATED: Cain Hires Lawyer to Troubled Stars)
In an interview with The New York Times, Kraushaar, now a Treasury Department spokeswoman, offered no details about her allegations against Cain but suggested that she and the other three accusers should hold a joint press conference describing the charges they’ve leveled against him. She said she decided to speak out after other news organizations had revealed her identity.
Cain went out of his way to emphasize that he takes sexual harassment seriously, saying he has witnessed it in the workplace and calling it a "very serious charge.”
“In no way have I tried to minimize sexual harassment in the workplace,” he said. “Having led many organizations, yes, I have seen instances where it could be interpreted as sexual harassment. And if I saw it, and if it were an employee or a direct report of mine, I dealt with it immediately, before the other person perceived it as an infringement of their privacy.”
Cain blamed the flurry of accusations against his campaign on a “Democratic machine” and other opponents who he says don’t want a businessman to become president. But after a week of maintaining virtual silence about the story that has dominated the political headlines for the past week, many of Cain's Republican rivals began to raise concerns about the sexual allegations against him. In interviews with ABC and Yahoo, Mitt Romney, Rick Santorum and Newt Gingrich all characterized the charges as serious. "He has to have an answer and it has to be accurate," said Gingrich.
Romney called the reports “particularly disturbing.”
That his Republican opponents are beginning to weigh in on the accusations, first reported last week by Politico, underscores the peril Cain’s campaign faces, particularly now that two women have gone public. Gallup reported on Tuesday that Cain’s popularity among Republicans, once the highest in the field, has taken a dive since news of the accusations broke.
Cain acknowledged that even if he wants the story to end, it probably won’t. Other accusers will likely “come out of the woodwork,” he said.
“There will probably be others, not because I am aware of any, but because the machine to keep a businessman out of the White House is going to be relentless,” he said. “And if they continue to come, I will continue to respond.” | <urn:uuid:66093ed6-f1cb-4506-b59b-ce66075c7c79> | 2013-05-21T10:06:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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USA Today Sports Images
Jordan Zimmermann stands to earn a big raise either way through arbitration.
Zimmermann is seeking a salary of $5.8 million; the Nationals have countered with an offer of $4.6 million, according to CBSSports.com.
The right-hander was the only one of the Nationals' seven arbitration-eligible players not to come to a deal before tonight's deadline. Drew Storen ($2.5 million), Ian Desmond ($3.8 million), Ross Detwiler ($2.3375 million), Tyler Clippard ($4 million) and Roger Bernadina ($1.215 million) all agreed to one-year deals. Craig Stammen, meanwhile, signed a two-year deal worth a total of $2.25 million.
Whether he wins in arbitration or not, Zimmermann stands to earn a hefty raise from his 2012 salary of $2.3 million. Entering his second of four arbitration seasons -- he qualified as a "Super 2" player last winter -- Zimmermann is coming off a breakthrough year in which he went 12-8 with a 2.94 ERA in 32 starts.
The 26-year-old and the Nationals still could negotiate a contract on their own before an arbitration hearing is held next month. The two sides also could continue to discuss a long-term extension, something general manager Mike Rizzo has expressed interest in accomplishing.
Terms of a potential long-term deal could eclipse the five-year, $42 million contract Gio Gonzalez received last winter following his acquisition from the Athletics. | <urn:uuid:ea0d9cba-599a-4676-bc60-18743e7c97d5> | 2013-05-21T10:15:20Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Bernie Madoff made a joker out of his investors. He was rewarded with a lengthy prison sentence and a trading card with his likeness on it.
Now you can trade your two Ponzis for a Madoff.
The New York-based marketer of entertainment products said the cards show scoundrels and villains such as Enron, D.B. Cooper and Charles Ponzi.
Ponzi was a notorious swindler who ran what is now known as a Ponzi scheme _ the kind Madoff pulled off for years until authorities busted him.
Madoff pleaded guilty this month to 11 felony counts, including securities fraud and perjury. His scam cost investors billions of dollars.
The 70-year-old former Nasdaq chairman could get up to 150 years in prison when he's sentenced in June. | <urn:uuid:0943d6b6-af68-49fd-b2b7-28deb1b4a4bb> | 2013-05-21T10:14:24Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Candidate: John M. Sullivan
The Race: Democratic Candidate for the 47th Legislative District
The Competition: Randy E. Frese
The Buzz: John M. Sullivan has served as senator since 2002. He calls himself an advocate for the state's agricultural industry and supports infrastructure maintenance.
In the agricultural area, Sullivan supports investments in crop-based fuels to stimulate the farming community and ease dependence on foreign oil. He also wants to keep in place a state tax exemption on livestock feed, seed and farm chemicals, according to his campaign website.
Sullivan was part of the creation of a capital construction bill, which funded the building of schools, roads, bridges and other infrastructure projects. | <urn:uuid:86ecb3e8-3cbb-4507-90b4-2dc55e50fc37> | 2013-05-21T10:01:11Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A day after acknowledging he failed a drug test for cocaine last year, Texas Rangers manager Ron Washington said he used marijuana and amphetamines while he was a player.
"When you're young you make mistakes," Washington said Thursday. "I wish I could take back some of the mistakes I may have made, but I can't."
Rangers general manager Jon Daniels said Washington would keep his job. He said the team was aware Washington used drugs as a player.
"There's a distinction between what people do in their youth vs. later in life," he told a group of reporters, according to the Web site of the Fort Worth Star-Telegram.
"I'm sure there are things in our past we're not proud of. Ron could have avoided the question or lied and chose not to. I'm not going to punish him for being honest. That doesn't excuse the behavior but that's reality," Daniels said.
Washington made his latest admission before Texas played a "B" game against Milwaukee on a practice field.
On Wednesday, Washington said he tested positive for cocaine in a Major League Baseball test last July. He told Rangers management and MLB about the cocaine -- he said he used it only once -- before the test result and offered to resign. Texas president Nolan Ryan and team management allowed him to keep his job.
Washington did not detail how often he used marijuana and amphetamines, or describe what kind of amphetamines he took. The 57-year-old Washington played 10 seasons in the majors, mostly as an infielder for Minnesota in the 1980s -- a decade when cocaine and amphetamine use in the majors was not uncommon.
Washington said his mistakes from years ago have nothing to do with the issue he's facing now.
"I made mistakes in my younger days," he said. "I want to get past it, move forward and get back on the field and start winning some ballgames."
All-Star third baseman Michael Young, the team's longest-tenured player, said what Washington did as a player was a non-issue in his eyes. He said discussion about amphetamine use among players in the 1970s and 1980s was a "slippery slope."
"We're hopeful this will bring us together, and we can rally around each other a little more," Young said. "Asking about dissension or a distraction, it's a fair question. But it's not relevant in this clubhouse. We have a solid group of guys in here and they're not going to judge somebody on a mistake and not on their worst moment."
All-Star outfielder Josh Hamilton, whose own drug troubles have been well chronicled, reiterated Thursday that he appreciated Washington's approach.
"The way he has handled the situation, I have more respect for him now," Hamilton said. "He didn't hide behind anything, didn't make excuses. He was honest and that's a quality you want in a leader, somebody who recognizes the mistakes and can tell you about them so you can learn from it."
Washington said he's received several messages from family, friends and former players over the past 48 hours and that "it was all love.
"These people know Ron Washington," he said. "I am a good person. No, I'm not a good person. I'm a damn good person. And I'm proud. And I fight. And I'm hungry. And I made a mistake." | <urn:uuid:874f539c-c93e-4db6-b8e9-73d967a479fa> | 2013-05-21T10:15:25Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A Texas congresswoman admitted that she wrongly steered thousands of dollars in college scholarships from the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation to her own relatives and the children of a staff member but said she did so unintentionally.
Democratic Rep. Eddie Bernice Johnson said in a statement Monday that she will reimburse the foundation by the end of the week. She did not state how much money was involved. The Dallas Morning News reported Monday that 23 scholarships she has handed out since 2005 violated the foundation's eligibility rules.
The Morning News reported on its website that Johnson had arranged scholarships between 2005 and 2008 for two grandsons and two grandnephews and the son and daughter of a Dallas-based aide, Rod Givens. The newspaper placed the amount of those scholarships at up to $20,000.
In 2009, according to the foundation, Johnson gave two grandsons and the aide's two children two scholarships apiece from foundation funds, the newspaper reported.
Relatives of members of Congress are ineligible to receive scholarship funds from the foundation because of anti-nepotism rules. The scholarships also violate a foundation rule that recipients need to live or study in the district represented by the Black Caucus member who awards the scholarship.
"As previously stated, I was unaware of being in any type of violation and never intentionally violated the CBCF's rules," Johnson said in a statement sent by e-mail by her office. She said she would appoint a third party to examine her office's practices in distributing scholarship money.
"I have never and never planned to restrict my help to only Texans who reside in my district," she said. "My district lines have constantly changed and since I am the only Democrat in the entire North Texas Region ... much of my district office casework benefits people outside my constituency. While I am not ashamed of helping, I did not intentionally mean to violate any rules in the process."
The Black Caucus Foundation, a nonprofit organization formed by black lawmakers, receives millions of dollars in private corporate sponsorships. The group is best-known for organizing an annual legislative conference in Washington that draws thousands of black leaders around the country. It also runs various programs aimed at getting African-American youths involved in government and politics.
The foundation provides $10,000 a year for members of the Congressional Black Caucus to dispense in scholarships. Members can decide how the money is split and how it is awarded, although the foundation sets some basic rules.
Muriel Cooper, a spokeswoman for the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation, did not respond to an AP request for comment.
Johnson's actions could lead to a House ethics investigation. The key question would be whether she used official resources, including congressional staff, in any aspect of the scholarship program.
An investigation also could look at whether she violated the federal government's Code of Ethics, which says government officials cannot discriminate unfairly by dispensing special favors or privileges to anyone.
The code says officials cannot accept, for themselves or their families, favors or benefits under circumstances that might be construed as influencing performance of official duties.
Johnson, 74, is seeking her 10th term in Congress and represents a Dallas-area district. In the e-mail, she said she is recuperating from major surgery.
She was not expected to face a difficult re-election campaign. Her GOP opponent, Stephen Broden, a pastor, said in a radio interview on Monday that he planned to make the scholarship money an issue.
"We really need a change that emphasizes the needs of the district over self-interest and self-aggrandizement," Broden said on "The Mark Davis Show," a Dallas-area radio program. | <urn:uuid:19942c82-6aeb-4c3b-959b-56ba4cda1d37> | 2013-05-21T10:06:52Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Courtesy of Gloria Allred
Teri James, left, said she was humiliated when she was fired from San Diego Christian College.
A San Diego woman is suing a local school for firing her after it was revealed she was pregnant out of wedlock.
Teri James, 29, said that she was let go from her job as a financial specialist at San Diego Christian College last fall because her pregnancy revealed she had premarital sex. James and her now-husband Brandon James are expecting a boy in June.
"I was an unmarried pregnant woman, and they took away my livelihood," James said in a statement. "They stripped me of my dignity and humiliated me. I not only lost my source of income and my health insurance to care for myself and my baby through my pregnancy, but I also lost my career and my community."
She also claims the college offered a job to Brandon shortly after terminating her, even though it allegedly knew he had engaged in premarital sex.
San Diego Christian College is a private institution, and school officials declined to comment about the situation.
James hired civil rights lawyer Gloria Allred to handle the case. They are suing for wrongful termination in addition to gender discrimination and are seeking damages from the school.
But when James began working at the college, she had a to sign a 2-page "community covenant," which tells employees and students to abstain from: "Abusive anger; malice; jealousy; lust; sexually immoral behavior including premarital sex, adultery, pornography, and homosexuality; evil desires; prejudice based on race, sex, or socioeconomic status; greed; idolatry; slander; profanity; lying; drunkenness; thievery; and dishonesty."
The covenant ends saying, "Appropriate action will be taken if the covenant is disregarded…. ultimately withdrawal from the community may result if these commitments are not honored."
Allred said that California has certain laws that protect female employees from being fired for pregnancy.
"We contend that it is not permitted to terminate an employee because the college thinks that premarital sex leading to pregnancy is wrong," Allred said in a statement. | <urn:uuid:5c2089af-d171-425c-8933-579dbe22f09e> | 2013-05-21T09:59:38Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Is light made of waves, or particles?
This fundamental question has dogged scientists for decades, because light seems to be both. However, until now, experiments have revealed light to act either like a particle, or a wave, but never the two at once.
Now, for the first time, a new type of experiment has shown light behaving like both a particle and a wave simultaneously, providing a new dimension to the quandary that could help reveal the true nature of light, and of the whole quantum world.
The debate goes back at least as far as Isaac Newton, who advocated that light was made of particles, and James Clerk Maxwell, whose successful theory of electromagnetism, unifying the forces of electricity and magnetism into one, relied on a model of light as a wave. Then in 1905, Albert Einstein explained a phenomenon called the photoelectric effect using the idea that light was made of particles called photons (this discovery won him the Nobel Prize in physics). [What's That? Your Physics Questions Answered]
Ultimately, there's good reason to think that light is both a particle and a wave. In fact, the same seems to be true of all subatomic particles, including electrons and quarks and even the recently discovered Higgs boson-like particle. The idea is called wave-particle duality, and is a fundamental tenet of the theory of quantum mechanics.
Depending on which type of experiment is used, light, or any other type of particle, will behave like a particle or like a wave. So far, both aspects of light's nature haven't been observed at the same time.
But still, scientists have wondered, does light switch from being a particle to being a wave depending on the circumstance? Or is light always both a particle and a wave simultaneously?
Now, for the first time, researchers have devised a new type of measurement apparatus that can detect both particle and wave-like behavior at the same time. The device relies on a strange quantum effect called quantum nonlocality, a counter-intuitive notion that boils down to the idea that the same particle can exist in two locations at once.
"The measurement apparatus detected strong nonlocality, which certified that the photon behaved simultaneously as a wave and a particle in our experiment," physicist Alberto Peruzzo of England's University of Bristol said in a statement. "This represents a strong refutation of models in which the photon is either a wave or a particle."
Peruzzo is lead author of a paper describing the experiment published in the Nov. 2 issue of the journal Science.
The experiment further relies on another weird aspect of quantum mechanics — the idea of quantum entanglement. Two particles can become entangled so that actions performed on one particle affect the other. In this way, the researchers were able to allow the photons in the experiment to delay the choice of whether to be particles or waves.
MIT physicist Seth Lloyd, who was not involved in the project, called the experiment "audacious" in a related essay in Science, and said that while it allowed the photons to delay the choice of being particles or waves for only a few nanoseconds, "if one has access to quantum memory in which to store the entanglement, the decision could be put off until tomorrow (or for as long as the memory works reliably). So why decide now? Just let those quanta slide!"
- Twisted Physics: 7 Mind-Blowing Findings
- Quantum Weirdness Goes Big – Molecules Act Like Waves | Video
- Wacky Physics: The Coolest Little Particles in Nature
© 2012 LiveScience.com. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:2beee413-cfb4-4e4b-b8c0-5316c1b27634> | 2013-05-21T10:14:31Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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|Fourth Judicial District|
Judge Thom was born in Correctionville, Iowa, December 30, 1883. After graduating from high school, he went on to the University of Iowa where he received his law degree in 1907. He was admitted to the Iowa State Bar, on June 12, 1907; North Dakota State Bar, December 7, 1907. He was in private practice in Denhoff and Goodrich, North Dakota, where he served as State's Attorney of Sheridan County. He moved to McClusky where he continued his practice until he was appointed Judge of the Fourth Judicial District by Governor Fred Aandahl on September 1, 1947, he served in that capacity until his retirement in 1962. Judge Thom died February 7, 1973.
Biographical Sketches of the North Dakota District Court Judges | <urn:uuid:ba2104dc-9e58-4871-a206-75793097f817> | 2013-05-21T10:07:49Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Fleas, Mites, and Chiggers
Fleas, mites, and chiggers often bite humans, but are not poisonous. It is sometimes difficult to assess which type of insect caused the bite, or if the rash is caused by poison ivy or other skin conditions.
What are the symptoms of a flea, mites, or chigger bite?
The following are the most common symptoms of a flea, mite, or chigger bite. However, each individual may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:
Small, raised skin lesions
Pain or itching
Dermatitis (inflammation of the skin)
Allergic-type reactions in hypersensitive persons with swelling or blistering
The symptoms of a flea, mite, or chigger bite may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Always consult your physician for a diagnosis.
Treatment for bites caused by fleas, mites, and chiggers:
Specific treatment for these insect bites will be determined by your health care provider. Some general guidelines for treatment may include the following:
Clean the area well with soap and water.
Use an antihistamine, if needed, for itching.
Take acetaminophen, if needed, for discomfort.
When should I call my health care provider?
Call your doctor if any, or all, of the following symptoms are present:
Persistent pain or itching
Signs of infection at the site such as increased redness, warmth, swelling, or drainage
Call 911 or your local emergency medical service (EMS) if the individual has signs of a severe allergic reaction such as trouble breathing, tightness in the throat or chest, feeling faint, dizziness, hives, and/or nausea and vomiting. | <urn:uuid:0ccfd0f9-35f4-4049-97fd-5f5c43fe919b> | 2013-05-21T10:34:12Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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It can be completely unnerving to have nothing wrong with you one day and severe pain the next day. Since pain is a somewhat common symptom associated with many different conditions, it is hard to know initially what to do or how to react to the sudden change. Not every type of arthritis develops suddenly, but that sense of confusion that builds when you accept that it's not going to go away can sometimes lead you down the wrong path.
No matter what type of arthritis you have, early diagnosis and early treatment can help prevent joint damage and disability. There are many approaches to treating arthritis, both conventional and alternative. There are myriad books written on the subject. The Internet provides even more information about arthritis. It can almost be considered too much information, because a person experiencing the initial onset of arthritis symptoms often doesn't know where to begin. Should you pick up a book about osteoarthritis and learn all about it? Maybe you should choose the book about rheumatoid arthritis? Perhaps it's sufficient to self-treat with over-the-counter arthritis medications? How do you know you are making the right decisions?
Choosing the right starting point can impact the course of your disease. It's imperative to be evaluated by a rheumatologist, a specialist in diagnosing and treating arthritis and related conditions. Getting an accurate diagnosis is the first step to getting proper treatment and managing the disease.
We know for sure that it is important for you to be a partner in your own health care and actively participate in the decision-making process. In this book, we offer basic information about the most common types of arthritis. We guide you through the diagnostic process and make sure you know what to expect from your doctor or rheumatologist. We advise you about the questions you should be asking.
There is also an extensive section on treatment options and information about the benefits and risks associated with arthritis treatments. Throughout the book, there is practical advice that will help you cope with the physical, emotional, and financial impact of living with arthritis. There is important information that sorts out the myths and misconceptions about arthritis from the facts you need to know. You'll also take a peek at the future and consider how arthritis research is helping you today and how it will help you in the years ahead. We also let you know how you can become an advocate for arthritis research.
Chronic arthritis affects every aspect of daily living. This practical guide will show you how to live better with arthritis. The day you are diagnosed with arthritis is the first day of your new reality. Your new reality can overwhelm you, or you can choose to face it with courage and perseverance. Your willingness to accept your new reality and adjust and adapt to it, as well as your ability to cope and an unwillingness to give up, are all factors that will influence how well you live with arthritis.
The intent of this book is to help you learn about the disease, teach you to be your own advocate, help you make better decisions, and inspire you to realize that there is still a high quality of life after an arthritis diagnosis. The first step: Understanding that change is inevitable. | <urn:uuid:977691f8-1c2e-427e-ac6b-e4406fae310d> | 2013-05-21T10:21:41Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Curried Rice Noodles with Tofu and Egg
In a small bowl, thoroughly combine the coriander, cumin, curry powder, and curry paste.
Pour the coconut milk into a medium-sized saucepan. Stir in the curry paste mixture and place over medium heat. Bring to a simmer and cook for about 5 minutes or until a thin layer of yellow oil begins to form on the surface of the sauce.
Stir in 2 cups of the water, the shallots, sugar, and fish sauce. Return the sauce to a simmer and let cook 30 minutes, stirring occasionally and adding additional water if necessary.
Meanwhile, soak the noodles in hot water for 10 minutes or until soft.
To serve, mound the noodles into serving bowls. Top the noodles with the sliced egg, tofu, and bean sprouts. Ladle some of the curry sauce over top. Sprinkle with green onion slices and chopped cilantro.
Serves 2 as a main course or 4 as an appetizer.
The combination of ingredients in this dish create a curry that is a bit spicy but has definite sweet overtones. | <urn:uuid:f74d3041-c3db-4c68-83d6-973a34c88eb5> | 2013-05-21T10:00:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Better known, on account of his long sojourn in France, as Abbé Hogan, born near Ennis in County Clare, Ireland, 24 June, 1829; died at Saint-Sulpice, Paris, 29 September, 1901. His earlier years were spent ai Ireland, but an uncle, who was a priest in the Diocese of Périgueux in France, brought him to that country at the age of fifteen and placed him in the preparatory seminary of Bordeaux. To his early training in this institution where he soon evinced a more than ordinary talent and power of adaptation, was due the thorough mastery which he acquired of the French language, as also his perfect assimilation of the French spirit and ways, albeit without prejudice to his command of English, or to the qualities characteristic of a thoroughly Irish temperament.
Having completed his classical studies, he entered the theological seminary of Bordeaux, and, as at the end of his course he was too young to receive orders, he went, in 1849, to the Seminary of Saint-Sulpice in Paris, where he followed a post-graduate course of theology for two years. Then, feeling called to the work of clerical education, he entered the "Solitude" or novitiate of the Sulpicians at Issy, and was ordained to the priesthood, 5 June, 1852. The following September, not having yet completed his twenty-third year, he was appointed to the chair of dogmatic theology in the Seminary of Saint-Sulpice, where from the outset he gave evidence of those rare qualities which constitute the teaching faculty, and made him so eminent as an instructor. During the ensuing years he was called, through force of circumstances, to teach successively various other branches of ecclesiastical science, but from 1863 to 1884 he occupied without interruption the chair of moral theology, adding thereto, during a period of thirteen years, the course of sacred liturgy.
After thirty-two years spent in teaching in Saint-Sulpice, he was sent in 1884 to the United States, having been appointed the first president of the newly erected theological seminary of Boston. After fulfilling the duties of this post for five years, he was transferred to the presidency of the graduate theological seminary connected with the Catholic University in Washington. This dignity he also held for five years, his teaching being confused almost exclusively to lectures on ascetic theology. He was then recalled (1894) to St. John's Seminary, Boston, and passed there the seven remaining years of his life as its president. At the end of the school year 1901 he was compelled, on account of rapidly declining health, to interrupt his labours for needed rest. Arrangements were made for him to spend the following winter at Hyères in the south of France but he died suddenly on his way thither, at the age of seventy-two.
Dr. Hogan, while hardly to be called a specialist in any branch, was a scholar of great erudition. He took a lively interest in all topics, whether pertaining to ecclesiastical or to secular science, and was conversant with the best literature bearing on subjects in these fields. He was endowed with that rare ability for imparting information to different mentalities which makes the ideal teacher, and as such his influence was widely felt and much appreciated, especially in France, where for so many years those who were to achieve the highest distinction among the secular clergy received the benefit of his intellectual guidance. His was a keen, versatile, analytic mind, characterized by breadth of view as well as penetration, and thoroughly alive to the difficulties connected with all theological and philosophical problems. His method was chiefly Socratic, free from dogmatism of tone, and he possessed in a rare degree the gift of being able to render interesting, at least to the more intelligent students, the discussion of even the driest and most abstruse questions. One who bad known him intimately for many years paid due tribute to his merits in an article in the "Homiletic Monthly", Dec., 1901, on Abbé Hogan's "Clerical Studies".
Though a scholar greatly gifted in the art of expounding, Dr. Hogan gave little attention to writing and publication. Except occasional articles contributed to periodicals, his only published works are "Clerical Studies", which first appeared in the "Ecclesiastical Review" (Philadelphia, 1891-95), and "Daily Thoughts". Both of these have been translated into French. In the former, which merits a place among the best clerical manuals, he covers the entire field of ecclesiastical science, treating each subject in his own original, suggestive manner, from the practical as well as the theoretical standpoint. The latter is a book of short meditations for the use of priests and seminarians.
The Am. Ecclesiastical Review (Philadelphia, Oct., 1901); The Messenger (New York, Oct., 1901); Catholic News (New York, Oct., 1901); Pilot (Boston, Oct., 1901); Tablet (London, Oct., 1901), files.
APA citation. (1910). John Baptist Hogan. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07383a.htm
MLA citation. "John Baptist Hogan." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07383a.htm>.
Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Douglas J. Potter. Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. June 1, 1910. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor. Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.
Contact information. The editor of New Advent is Kevin Knight. My email address is feedback732 at newadvent.org. (To help fight spam, this address might change occasionally.) Regrettably, I can't reply to every letter, but I greatly appreciate your feedback — especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads. | <urn:uuid:e91bcd0e-a849-419b-82bb-7080e0d66cfc> | 2013-05-21T10:12:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Your daily news briefing, with the video of the day, top news and quote of the day.
Quote of note
"We don't know exactly what happened, but it was a violent explosion, we know that. Our thoughts are with those who were injured and of course the families of those who lost loved ones." - Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, on the explosion during a Marine training exercise at Hawthorne Army Depot in Nevada. Seven soldiers were killed and eight more were injured. A military official told CNN that the blast was caused by a 60-mm round detonating inside a mortar tube.
News to know
Nearly 60 people were killed by car and suicide bombs in Baghdad on the 10th anniversary of the U.S. invasion of Iraq, Reuters reports. The attacks took place in Shiite Muslim areas of the city. No group has claimed reesponsibility for the attacks, but Sunni Islam extremists linked to al Qaeda have been regaining ground in the country, especially now that neighboring Syria has become unstable.
Hot video: News anchor reads own proposal on teleprompter
GateHouse News Service | <urn:uuid:5d4668d4-51e4-460b-b4e7-535499c57468> | 2013-05-21T10:15:26Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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NATO upset by Azerbaijan killer's pardon
- From: AAP
- September 06, 2012
NATO Secretary-General Anders Fogh Rasmussen says he is "deeply concerned" about the pardoning of a Azerbaijani soldier who axed an Armenian officer to death during a NATO training course.
"The act he committed in 2004 was a terrible crime and should not be glorified," Rasmussen said on Thursday in a speech at Yerevan State University during a visit to Armenia.
Azerbaijani lieutenant Ramil Safarov was extradited to Baku last week from Hungary, where he had been serving a life sentence for hacking the Armenian officer to death.
Safarov was immediately pardoned and promoted to the rank of major after returning home to a hero's welcome, in defiance of assurances from Baku to Budapest that he would serve out his term in Azerbaijan.
The issue has inflamed tensions between ex-Soviet foes Armenia and Azerbaijan which are locked in an unresolved conflict over the disputed territory of Nagorny Karabakh where they fought a war in the 1990s.
"The pardon damages trust and doesn't contribute to the peace process," Rasmussen said.
"Tensions must be reduced and concrete steps must be taken to promote regional co-operation and reconciliation."
Rasmussen said he would convey the same message to Azerbaijan when he visits Baku on Friday.
More than 1000 young Armenians demonstrated outside the university where Rasmussen was speaking, chanting "Shame" and "We demand justice".
Armenia has broken off diplomatic links with Hungary over the extradition and subsequent pardon, which has also sparked concern in Washington, Brussels and Moscow.
At a press conference with Rasmussen later on Thursday, Armenian President Serzh Sarkisian said: "Azerbaijan's shameful act seriously endangers the security of the entire south Caucasus."
Armenia and Azerbaijan have not signed a peace deal since the 1994 Karabakh ceasefire and there are still frequent gun battles along the frontline. | <urn:uuid:bb56448b-a326-4712-bb86-13a8bc2ba7c0> | 2013-05-21T10:15:41Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Driver killed, passenger wounded following Hwy 99 CHP pursuit in Acampo
ACAMPO, CA - A man is dead and his female passenger wounded after leading California Highway Patrol officers on a dangerous pursuit along Highway 99 Monday morning.
Deputy Les Garcia with the San Joaquin County Sheriff's Department said the chase started just after midnight when CHP officers received a call of a stolen vehicle and located a car matching the description traveling along Highway 99 near Acampo.
The driver of the white, four-door sedan, fled and led officers on a high-speed chase, according to Garcia.
Officers were forced to abandon the pursuit several times for safety reasons, as the driver drove the wrong way on the highway to avoid arrest, Garcia said.
The driver exited at Woodbridge Road about 36 minutes after the pursuit began and officers used a PIT maneuver as he was turning right onto the frontage road. The driver then put the car into reverse and attempted to run over officers, according to Garcia. Fearing for their safety, CHP officers and assisting San Joaquin County sheriff's deputies fired at the vehicle, hitting the driver and a female passenger inside the car.
The driver, identified as a San Joaquin Jail escapee from a Manteca work crew, was pronounced dead at the scene from gunshot wounds. His passenger, who was shot at least once, was airlifted to hospital. The woman's condition was not released, and Garcia said it was unconfirmed whether she was pregnant.
The driver of the vehicle had been in jail on felony charges relating to auto theft, and had been involved in a previous high-speed chase with Stockton police, Garcia revealed.
Family members identified the suspect as 32-year-old Edward Neives.
"To me it seemed like just a gung ho 'We're gonna get him' attitude," said Neives' uncle George Nava.
Nava admits his nephew's actions were wrong but said police were too extreme with how they handled the situation.
"He's doing that, yes, but there's also a passenger in that vehicle who has no control over the driver so she's an innocent person," said Nava. | <urn:uuid:3c34c03f-8203-4dff-abd7-3a11d60a79f7> | 2013-05-21T10:36:01Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Ed Koch, the brash former New York City mayor who typically greeted constituents with a "How'm I doin'?" died Friday at the age of 88, his spokesman said.
Koch died of congestive heart failure, spokesman George Arzt said.
The lawyer-turned-public servant was a U.S. congressman from 1968 until he ran for mayor of the city in 1977 He served three terms until David Dinkins defeated him in a Democratic primary.
He told New York magazine in 1998: "I think my personality was helpful in this job. I always had a great sense of humor, though I am also pretty reserved personally. I mean, I don't go to chichi parties; never did. I don't like going to dinners other than small dinners at the homes of people. But I realized that if I was to harness the energies of the people of the city of New York and give them back their pride, I would have to become bigger than life. And I did."
After he left office, Koch -- whose ebullient personality made him popular nationwide -- practiced law, hosted a radio show, was a newspaper columnist and made countless appearances on TV series as himself. His cameos included "Sex and the City," "Spin City" and "Picket Fences."
For two years starting in 1997, he was the judge on the syndicated show "The People's Court."
He also reviewed movies online at The Mayor at the Movies site (mayorkoch.com).
In his later years, he became politically motivated again. In 2011, he grew upset after President Barack Obama called for Israel to return to its pre-1967 borders, with land swaps, as the basis of a Mideast peace deal.
In his anger, Koch crossed party lines to support Republican Bob Turner in his bid to represent perhaps the most Jewish district in the country, which covers parts of Queens and Brooklyn.
Koch's endorsement was widely seen as a turning point in a race that few expected a Republican to win.
On the day of the special election, Turner won in an upset with 54 percent of the vote, with Koch standing next to him while he gave his victory speech.
"I like President Obama ... I helped get him elected," Koch said at Turner's election night party. "But he threw Israel under the bus."
But in September 2011, Koch said he was impressed with Obama's handling of the Palestinian bid for statehood at the U.N., where the president expressed support for Israel and called for more negotiations between the Israelis and Palestinians.
"I congratulated him on his speech to the United Nations in which he acknowledged Israel's presence in a difficult neighborhood," Koch said, referring to a party he attended that was hosted by Obama and his wife, Michelle, in New York.
Edward Irving Koch was born in the Bronx on Dec. 12, 1924. The family moved to New Jersey when he was 8. He went to the City College of New York until he was drafted into the Army in 1943. After he left the service as a sergeant in 1946, he studied law at New York University.
He began his public service life as a district leader in Greenwich Village in 1963; he also served on the New York City Council before running for Congress.
The New York Times said in a 2011 retrospective that Koch seemed an unlikely candidate for mayor in 1977.
"He was a geeky, relatively obscure congressman, considered too liberal to appeal beyond his Greenwich Village constituency," the Times said on its website.
His campaign manager, David Garth, came up with a slogan that helped Koch beat fellow Democrat Mario Cuomo, who many commentators viewed as the more dynamic character, and Republican Roy Goodman.
''After eight years of charisma and four years of the clubhouse, why not try competence?" was a slogan that spoke to New Yorkers who were disappointed by Koch's predecessors, John Lindsay and Abe Beame. | <urn:uuid:9535cc8b-c416-41f4-8cb1-27a9383d9a61> | 2013-05-21T10:23:11Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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On December 21, 2012, our calendar will align with the Maya date 22.214.171.124.0, completing a great Maya cycle of time.
There's been a lot of hoopla that we are about to face a doomsday -- better known as the Maya apocalypse. There are television specials and panic buying of disaster supplies in Russia, a reminder of the stockpiling that took place for Y2K back in 1999.
While the Maya date will coincide with the solstice, the shortest day of the year, will it also coincide with the end of the world?
I'm no seer, but I am confident that December 22 will see the dawn.
The ancient Maya of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize and Honduras were close keepers of time. They charted every day, organizing them into 20- and 400-year periods. Using a base-20 counting system (ours is base 10) and zero, they easily calculated thousands of dates, some noting the existence of millions of years.
During the height of their civilization in the 8th century, the Maya recorded dates and deeds at dozens of city-states, from births and battles to the triumphant wrenching of trophies from enemies. Artists inscribed their signatures on painted pots and stone sculptures. Stucco inscriptions adorned monumental pyramids that crested over the rainforest canopy.
But to continue building ever grander structures, the Maya needed the natural resources. Most of all, they needed timber to burn limestone in order to make cement. By the late 8th century, the rainforest was in retreat, fuel was scarce and recurrent drought led to desperation, which then led to chronic warfare.
And so around 800 AD, one of the most extraordinary civilizations came to a crushing halt. Small groups of desperate dwellers in some cities held out behind hastily thrown-up palisades. Elsewhere, foes burned enemy cities to the ground and smashed monuments, leaving them scattered across the surface to be found in recent times. Scrub jungle overtook what had been sparkling white plazas. Compact ball courts that had seen raucous competition of a team sport played like soccer went silent. Wildlife scavenged lavish furnishings for their nests and dens.
The reasons were many, and the outcome was shocking. The Maya civilization collapsed in most of its southern lowlands, leaving only abandoned pyramids in silent cities. This was the true face of apocalypse.
Did they see it coming?
Just a few years before the rot set in, Maya painters at the site of Bonampak, a small city in Chiapas, Mexico, covered the walls of a small three-room palace with extraordinary murals.
They painted more individuals -- men, mainly, but women and children, too -- than had been rendered before, numbering more than 250. They deployed more fancy pigments than had been used before, more than would ever be used again in ancient Mexico, some 47 vibrant blues, reds and yellows. The paintings reveal the social layers of courtiers and lords, musicians and dwarves, victims and their blade-wielding sacrificers. Musicians, singers and performers lined up to perform on plazas and pyramids.
None of these activities or materials was new, but what was new was the rapidly crumbling world around the Bonampak painters.
No one could change -- the paintings seem to tell us. The Maya ignored the crisis in front of them, instead dancing with great panaches of precious quetzal feathers on pyramids, as if the present would forever hold.
Now in the 21st century, perhaps we have also reached a precipice. Global warming is not just fearful thinking -- it's real. Weeks after Superstorm Sandy, scientists are now predicting the near-term and long-term effects of global warming as more dire that previously thought.
Some, perhaps like our Maya predecessors, would rather not see the writing on the walls of our flooded cities. The crises pile up in front of us, one after another, and we ignore them at our peril. Acknowledging and doing something about the problems in front of us seems hard. Give us more feathers. Build more walls. Stockpile canned goods and buy a generator.
As for December 21, rest easy. This day will pass as if it were nothing more than the Maya Y2K, the nonevent of the decade. We'll wake up on December 22, and the world will still be here.
And so will our pressing environmental challenges.
We need to make some hard decisions and resolve that we will confront our own brewing apocalypse before it's too late.
Follow us on Twitter @CNNOpinion | <urn:uuid:292822e7-c034-4d97-a0d9-9109396022c2> | 2013-05-21T10:35:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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More than a week after he was charged in her death, South African track star Oscar Pistorius intends to hold a private memorial service Tuesday night for his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp, at his uncle's Pretoria home, Pistorius' family said in a statement Tuesday.
Pistorius' family said it released the statement because information about the memorial service had leaked to the news media.
"Oscar specifically requested the memorial service as he continues to grieve and remains in deep mourning for the loss of his partner Reeva," the Pistorius family's statement reads. "Since it is such a sensitive issue, Oscar has asked for a private service with people who share his loss, including his family members who knew and loved Reeva as one of their own."
The family asked the media to give them privacy at the home Tuesday night.
Pistorius, a double-amputee and Olympian sprinter who competes with prosthetic legs, is charged with premeditated murder, accused of deliberately shooting his model girlfriend in his home on February 14.
His defense team claims Pistorius mistakenly believed Steenkamp, 29, was an intruder hiding in a toilet room inside the bathroom of his Pretoria home when he shot her.
Pistorius, 26, was released from jail Friday on $112,000 bail after a four-day, emotionally wrenching bail hearing.
Steenkamp's father, Barry Steenkamp, told the Afrikaans-language newspaper Beeld for a story Saturday that if Pistorius is lying about how she died, he will have to live with his conscience. But Barry Steenkamp said that if Pistorius tells the truth, he might someday forgive him. | <urn:uuid:ab82f7db-e6cb-4df1-8c33-72497f5d3289> | 2013-05-21T10:23:01Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Michele Bachmann says she can still win Iowa, but with staffers defecting and some polls putting her in last place, most analysts are ready to read the last rites to the Minnesota congresswoman's campaign. So where did it go wrong for the Ames straw poll winner? Unfortunate timing, a lack of cash, feuds with advisers, and some major missteps all played a part, Politico finds. Rick Perry stole her thunder by entering the race the same day as the straw poll, and many saw her refusal to leave her campaign bus the next night to share the spotlight with him at a GOP fundraiser as a turning point.
Bachmann retreated to the conservative comfort zone of Fox soon afterward, and failed to develop a strong message, campaign insiders say. In the debates, Bachmann, possibly with the VP spot in mind, appeared reluctant to land blows on Mitt Romney. Her former campaign manager, Ed Rollins—who accused Bachmann of being "out of ideas" after he quit in September—says she has also been damaged by her tendency to see sinister motives behind setbacks. She accused Newt Gingrich of buying Tea Party support in South Carolina, and after her Iowa campaign chairman defected to Ron Paul this week, she accused the Paul campaign of paying him off. | <urn:uuid:5e4b5e58-5c0f-47dc-9dd5-9d97abf262a7> | 2013-05-21T10:36:03Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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CONYERS - A 4-year-old boy remains hospitalized after he was severely mauled Tuesday by a dog, according to the Rockdale County Sheriff's Office.
A bulldog-mix dog reportedly attacked the young child, ripping off his scalp and badly damaging one ear.
RCSO Deputy Richard K. Studdard reported he was called to Rockdale Medical Center just before 4 p.m. in response to a report of a dog bite.
According to the incident report, one of the residents of the Granite Drive home told the deputy he gave a friend permission to chain the dog on their property.
"(He) agreed to allow the dog to be chained there based on a statement by the dog's owner that the animal did not bite," Studdard reported.
Sometime Tuesday afternoon, the boy's mother realized her son had left the house so she went outside to find him.
"She heard her son whimper over a small hill. She started to run toward him. She saw a red dog dragging her son and grabbed him away while kicking the dog, which also bit her on the right arm," according to the incident report.
The victim's mother carried her son into the house where she called 911. She then drove him to RMC for treatment.
However, due to the seriousness of the child's injuries, he was transported from RMC to Scottish Rite Children's Hospital by Rescue Air One.
"(His) right ear was attached only by one small piece of flesh and his entire scalp was missing," Studdard reported.
Medical personnel then requested that the deputy return to the scene of the attack to retrieve the scalp, which was also transported to the children's hospital.
Rockdale County Animal Control took custody of the dog. Sheriff Jeff Wigington said Saturday that the dog's owner has agreed to euthanize the animal. Wigington said the investigation is continuing and charges in the case may be pending.
Aimee Jones can be reached at email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:40fc24ac-91be-4350-89d0-63ea716ddd03> | 2013-05-21T10:01:17Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Walter Bagehot (February 3, 1826 – March 24, 1877) was a British journalist, political analyst and economist, famous for his analysis of British Parliament and money market. Under his leadership The Economist became one of world’s leading business and political journals. Bagehot recognized that economics in not just a matter of the external, material aspects of financial transactions, but also involves the internal aspects of people's desires, motivations, and personality. Thus, he always emphasized social issues in his writings, and endeavored to make issues of government transparent to the public. Bagehot had an original and insightful mind, recognizing that the character of leaders was often more important than their political affiliation or beliefs. His work has continued to inform and inspire debate, contributing to our understanding of the functioning of human society and its improvement.
Walter Bagehot was born in on February 3, 1826, in Langport, Somerset, England, the son of a local banker. He attended the University College London, where he earned a Master's degree in mathematics in 1848. He studied law and was called to the Bar, but decided not to practice, instead joining his father in the banking business, in Stuckey & Co. in the west of England.
While still working as a banker, Bagehot started to write, first for some periodicals, and then for The National Review. He soon became the editor of the paper. In 1857, he met James Wilson, founder and editor of The Economist, a political and financial weekly newsmagazine. Bagehot married Wilson’s daughter in 1858.
In 1860, Bagehot succeeded his father-in-law, James Wilson, as editor of The Economist. After taking over he expanded the publication's reporting on the United States and on politics, and is considered to have increased its influence among policymakers. Bagehot became influential in both politics and economics, among whose friends were statesmen George Cornewall Lewis and Grant Duff, Lord Carnarvon, Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone, and the governor and directors of the Bank of England.
Bagehot made several attempts to be elected as a Member of Parliament, but without success. He remained at the head of The Economist for the rest of his life. He died suddenly on March 24, 1877 in his home in Langport, Somerset, England, at the age of 51.
Bagehot was a person with a whole variety of interests. He wrote on the topics of economics, politics, law, literature, and so forth. He remains most famous however for his three books: The English Constitution (1867), Physics and Politics (1872), and Lombard Street (1873). In addition to these volumes, he commanded substantial influence through his editorship of The Economist.
The English Constitution
In 1867, Bagehot wrote The English Constitution which explored the constitution of the United Kingdom, specifically the functioning of the British Parliament and the British monarchy, and the contrasts between British and American government. Bagehot revealed how the Parliament operated as it were "behind a curtain," hidden from public knowledge. He divided the constitution into two components:
- The Dignified – symbolic side of the constitution, and
- The Efficient - the real face of the constitution, the way things actually work and get done.
Instead of describing the constitution from the point of the law, as a lawyer would, Bagehot focused on the practical implications of the constitution, as experienced by the common man. The book soon became widely popular, ensuring Bagehot worldwide fame.
He criticized American presidential system, claiming that it lacked flexibility and accountability. While in the English parliament real debates took place, after which changes could take place, in the American Congress debates had no power, since the President made the final decision. In Bagehot's view:
a parliamentary system educates the public, while a presidential system corrupts it. (The English Constitution 1867)
He also criticized the way American presidents are chosen, saying:
Under a presidential constitution the preliminary caucuses that choose the president need not care as to the ultimate fitness of the man they choose. They are solely concerned with his attractiveness as a candidate. (The English Constitution, 1867)
Physics and Politics
Bagehot wrote Physics and Politics in 1872, in which he tried to apply the principles of evolution to human societies. The subtitle of the book reads: Thoughts on the Application of the Principles of "Natural Selection" and "Inheritance" to Political Society. The book represented a pioneering effort to make a relationship between the natural and the social sciences. Bagehot explained the functioning of the market, and how it affects the behavior of the people. For example, he believed that people tend to invest money when the mood of the market is positive, and restrain from it when it comes to a negative phase.
In this book Bagehot also reflected on the psychology of politics, especially on the personality of a leader. He stressed two things as essential for leadership: the personality of a leader and his motivation. Bagehot believed that motivation played one of the key roles in good leadership, and that the personality of a leader often counted more than the policy he endorsed:
It is the life of teachers which is catching, not their tenets.” (Physics and Politics 1872)
Bagehot claimed that the personal example of the leader sets the tone for the whole governance. That is why “character issues” are so important for any government. Character "issues" still play an important role in deciding the potential candidate for any leadership position in today’s modern world.
Bagehot coined the expression "the cake of custom," denoting the sets of customs that any society is rooted in. Bagehot believed that customs develop and evolve throughout human history, with the best organized groups overthrowing the poorly organized groups. In this sense Bagehot’s views are a clear example of cultural selection, closer to Lamarckian than Darwinian evolution. The central problem in his book was to understand why Europeans could break away from tradition and “the cake of custom” and instead focus on progress and novelty. He saw tradition as important in keeping societies cohesive, but also believed that diversity was essential for progress:
The great difficulty which history records is not that of the first step, but that of the second step. What is most evident is not the difficulty of getting a fixed law, but getting out of a fixed law; not of cementing (as upon a former occasion I phrased it) a cake of custom, but of breaking the cake of custom; not of making the first preservative habit, but of breaking through it, and reaching something better. (Physics and Politics 1872)
In his famous Lombard Street (1873), Bagehot explained the theory behind the banking system, using insights from the English money market. As with his analysis of the English constitution six years earlier, Bagehot described the English banking system through the eyes of a simple person, as experienced in everyday life.
Bagehot showed that the English money system was solely relying on the central bank, the Bank of England. Bagehot had warned that the whole reserve was in the central bank, under no effectual penalty of failure. He proposed several ideas how to improve that system.
Bagehot’s work can be closely associated with the English historicist tradition. He did not directly oppose Classical economics, but advocated for its reorganization. He claimed that economics needed to incorporate more factors in its theory, such as cultural and social factors, in order to be more accurate in theorizing about economic processes.
Bagehot was one of the first to study the relationship between physical and social sciences from a sociological perspective. In his contributions to sociological theory through historical studies, Bagehot may be compared to his contemporary Henry Maine. He also developed a distinct theory of central banking, many points of which continue to be valued.
With his analysis of English and United States political systems in the English Constitution, Bagehot influenced Woodrow Wilson to write his Congressional Government.
In honor of his achievements and his work as its editor, The Economist named its weekly column on British politics after him. Every year the British Political Studies Association awards the Walter Bagehot Prize for the best dissertation in the field of government and public administration.
- Bagehot, Walter. 1848. Review of Mill's Principles of Political Economy. Prospective Review, 4(16), 460-502.
- Bagehot, Walter. 1858. Estimates of Some Englishmen and Scotchmen. London: Chapman and Hall.
- Bagehot, Walter. 1875. A New Standard of Value. The Economist, November 20.
- Bagehot, Walter. 1879. Literary Studies. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
- Bagehot, Walter. 1998. (original 1880). Economic Studies. Augustus M Kelley Pubs. ISBN 0678008523
- Bagehot, Walter. 2001. (original 1867). The English Constitution. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0192839756
- Bagehot, Walter. 2001. (original 1873). Lombard Street: A description of the money market. Adamant Media Corporation. ISBN 140210006X
- Bagehot, Walter. 2001. (original 1877). Some Articles on the Depreciation of Silver and on Topics Connected with It. Adamant Media Corporation. ISBN 140216288X
- Bagehot, Walter. 2001. (original 1889). The Works of Walter Bagehot. Adamant Media Corporation. ISBN 1421254530
- Bagehot, Walter. 2006. (original 1881). Biographical Studies. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 1428608400
- Bagehot, Walter. 2006. (original 1872). Physics and Politics. Dodo Press. ISBN 1406504408
- Bagehot, Walter. 2006. (original 1885). The Postulates of English Political Economy. Cosimo. ISBN 1596053771
- Barrington, Russell. 1914. Life of Walter Bagehot. Longmans, Green and Co.
- Buchan, Alastair. 1960. The spare chancellor: The life of Walter Bagehot. Michigan State University Press. ISBN 087013051X
- Cousin, John William. 1910. A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature. New York, E.P. Dutton.
- Morgan, Forrest. 1995. The Works of Walter Bagehot. Routledge. ISBN 0415131545
- Orel, Harold. 1984. Victorian Literary Critics: George Henry Lewes, Walter Bagehot, Richard Holt Hutton, Leslie Stephen, Andrew Lang, George Saintsbury, and Edmund Goss. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0312843046
- Sisson C. H. 1972. The case of Walter Bagehot. Faber and Faber Ltd. ISBN 0571095011
- Stevas, Norman. 1959. Walter Bagehot a Study of His Life and Thought Together with a Selection from His Political Writings. Indiana University Press.
- Sullivan, Harry R. 1975. Walter Bagehot. Twayne Publishers. ISBN 0805710183
All links retrieved December 6, 2012.
- Bagehot and the Age of Discussion – Commentary on Bagehot’s Physics and Politics
- Major Works – Some full-text works of Walter Bagehot
- Quotations from Walter Bagehot
- Walter Bagehot – Biography
- Works by Walter Bagehot. Project Gutenberg
New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:
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The best gifts are handmade. Make this craft together and give it as a gift to a parent, grandparent, or your child's classmates.
This craft is best suited for parents to make on their own or with minimal help from kids.
You'll need to allow extra time for glue or paint to dry.
Create with us skills involve self-expression, experimentation, and imagination through visual arts (like painting and sculpting), dramatic play, cooking, and dance.
Read with us skills focus on early literacy and include: listening, comprehension, speech, reading, writing, vocabulary, letters and their sounds, and spelling. | <urn:uuid:6b5734e7-31f7-4aea-89ae-21a28cd854fc> | 2013-05-21T10:07:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Inspire others with your story in The Nifnex Review & eNewsletter.
We profile and interview business people, industry experts and other influential members of society for our readers to draw inspiration from.
If you have a great story to share, we would love to feature you and your company in one of our forthcoming newsletters &/or The Nifnex Review, to show the Nifnex community what makes you tick, how you succeeded and yes, even the failures you encountered along the way and how you managed to overcome them. If you are willing to offer the Nifnex community the benefit of your business expertise and in return gain an excellent piece of publicity for your company, we can arrange for our media consultant to visit and interview you at your earliest convenience.
Interview Questions that might assist you.
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2. Did you ever question your path? What motivated you to keep going?
3. Where do you draw your inspiration from?
4. What is the most innovative business decision you've made that you are very proud of?
5. How do you manage work/life balance? Any tips for our readers?
6. Please complete the sentence. To unleash your potential . . . | <urn:uuid:bf111d8c-42f6-457b-8382-880a477263f5> | 2013-05-21T10:14:35Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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In January 1968, Nixon decided to once again seek the nomination of the Republican Party for president. Portraying himself as a figure of stability in a time of national upheaval, Nixon promised a return to traditional values and "law and order." He fended off challenges from other candidates such as California Governor Ronald Reagan, New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller, and Michigan Governor George Romney to secure the nomination at the Republican convention in Miami. Nixon unexpectedly chose Governor Spiro Agnew of Maryland as his running mate.
Nixon's campaign was helped by the tumult within the Democratic Party in 1968. Consumed by the war in Vietnam, President Lyndon B. Johnson announced on March 31 that he would not seek re-election. On June 5, immediately after winning the California primaries, former attorney general and then-U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy (brother of the late president John F. Kennedy) was assassinated in Los Angeles. The campaign of Vice President Hubert Humphrey, the Democratic nominee for president, went into a tailspin after the Democratic national convention in Chicago was marred by mass protests and violence. By contrast, Nixon appeared to represent a calmer society, and his campaign promised peace at home and abroad. Despite a late surge by Humphrey, Nixon won by nearly 500,000 popular votes. Third-party candidate George Wallace, the once and future governor of Alabama, won nearly ten million popular votes and 46 electoral votes, principally in the Deep South.
Once in office, Nixon and his staff faced the problem of how to end the Vietnam War, which had broken his predecessor's administration and threatened to cause major unrest at home. As protesters in America's cities called for an immediate withdrawal from Southeast Asia, Nixon made a nationally televised address on November 3, 1969, calling on the "silent majority" of Americans to renew their confidence in the American government and back his policy of seeking a negotiated peace in Vietnam. Earlier that year, Nixon and his Defense Secretary Melvin Laird had unveiled the policy of "Vietnamization," which entailed reducing American troop levels in Vietnam and transferring the burden of fighting to South Vietnam; accordingly, U.S. troop strength in Vietnam fell from 543,000 in April 1969 to zero on March 29, 1973. Nevertheless, the Nixon administration was harshly criticized for its use of American military force in Cambodia and its stepped-up bombing raids during the later years of the first term.
Nixon's foreign policy aimed to reduce international tensions by forging new links with old rivals. In February 1972, Nixon traveled to Beijing, Hangzhou, and Shanghai in China for talks with Chinese leaders Chairman Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai. Nixon's trip was the first high-level contact between the United States and the People's Republic of China in more than twenty years, and it ushered in a new era of relations between Washington and Beijing. Several weeks later, in May 1972, Nixon visited Moscow for a summit meeting with Leonid Brezhnev, general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and other Soviet leaders. Their talks led to the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, the first comprehensive and detailed nuclear weapons limitation pact between the two superpowers.
Foreign policy initiatives represented only one aspect of Nixon's presidency during his first term. In August 1969, Nixon proposed the Family Assistance Plan, a welfare reform that would have guaranteed an income to all Americans. The plan, however, did not receive congressional approval. In August 1971, spurred by high inflation rates, Nixon imposed wage and price controls in an effort to gain control of price levels in the U.S. economy; at the same time, prompted by worries over the soundness of U.S. currency, Nixon took the dollar off the gold standard and let it float against other countries' currencies.
On July 19, 1969, astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to walk on the Earth's moon, while fellow astronaut Michael Collins orbited in the Apollo 11 command module. Nixon made what has been termed the longest-distance telephone call ever made to speak with the astronauts from the Oval Office. And on September 28, 1971, Nixon signed legislation abolishing the military draft.
In addition to such weighty affairs of state, Nixon's first term was also full of lighter-hearted moments. On April 29, 1969, Nixon awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor, to Duke Ellington-and then led hundreds of guests in singing "Happy Birthday" to the famed band leader. On June 12, 1971, Tricia became the sixteenth White House bride when she and Edward Finch Cox of New York married in the Rose Garden. (Julie had wed Dwight David Eisenhower II, grandson of President Eisenhower, on December 22, 1968, in New York's Marble Collegiate Church, while her father was President-elect.) Perhaps most famous was Nixon's meeting with Elvis Presley on December 21, 1970, when the president and the king discussed the drug problem facing American youth.
Re-election, Second Term, and Watergate
In his 1972 bid for re-election, Nixon defeated South Dakota Senator George McGovern, the Democratic candidate for president, by one of the widest electoral margins ever, winning 520 electoral college votes to McGovern's 17 and nearly 61 percent of the popular vote. Just a few months later, investigations and public controversy over the Watergate scandal had sapped Nixon's popularity. The Watergate scandal began with the June 1972 discovery of a break-in at the Democratic National Committee offices in the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C., but media and official investigations soon revealed a broader pattern of abuse of power by the Nixon administration, leading to his resignation.
The Watergate burglars were soon linked to officials of the Committee to Re-elect the President, the group that had run Nixon's 1972 re-election campaign. Soon thereafter, several administration officials resigned; some, including former attorney general John Mitchell, were later convicted of offenses connected with the break-in and other crimes and went to jail. Nixon denied any personal involvement with the Watergate burglary, but the courts forced him to yield tape recordings of conversations between the president and his advisers indicating that the president had, in fact, participated in the cover-up, including an attempt to use the Central Intelligence Agency to divert the FBI's investigation into the break-in. (For more information about Watergate, please visit the Ford Presidential Library and Museum's online Watergate exhibit.)
Investigations into Watergate also revealed other abuses of power, including numerous warrantless wiretaps on reporters and others, campaign "dirty tricks," and the creation of a "Plumbers" unit within the White House. The Plumbers, formed in response to the leaking of the Pentagon Papers to news organizations by former Pentagon official Daniel Ellsberg, broke into the office of Ellsberg's psychiatrist.
Adding to Nixon's worries was an investigation into Vice President Agnew's ties to several campaign contributors. The Department of Justice found that Agnew had taken bribes from Maryland construction firms, leading to Agnew's resigning in October 1973 and his entering a plea of no contest to income tax evasion. Nixon nominated Gerald Ford, Republican leader in the House of Representatives, to succeed Agnew. Ford was confirmed by both houses of Congress and took office on December 6, 1973.
Such controversies all but overshadowed Nixon's other initiatives in his second term, such as the signing of the Paris peace accords ending American involvement in the Vietnam war in January 1973; two summit meetings with Brezhnev, in June 1973 in Washington and in June and July 1974 in Moscow; and the administration's efforts to secure a general peace in the Middle East following the Yom Kippur War of 1973.
The revelations from the Watergate tapes, combined with actions such as Nixon's firing of Watergate special prosecutor Archibald Cox, badly eroded the president's standing with the public and Congress. Facing certain impeachment and removal from office, Nixon announced his decision to resign in a national televised address on the evening of August 8, 1974. He resigned effective at noon the next day, August 9, 1974. Vice President Ford then became president of the United States. On September 8, 1974, Ford pardoned Nixon for "all offenses against the United States" which Nixon "has committed or may have committed or taken part in" during his presidency. In response, Nixon issued a statement in which he said that he regretted "not acting more decisively and forthrightly in dealing with Watergate." | <urn:uuid:83e3cd95-9b04-47c5-bec6-208cac680d84> | 2013-05-21T10:07:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Azaria Chamberlain's dress
Azaria's black dress
The public comment that this small black outfit generated on its first outing was nothing compared to the interest taken in it after Azaria Chamberlain, aged nine weeks, disappeared at Uluru (then known as Ayers Rock) on the evening of 17 August 1980.
The Chamberlain case became one of the biggest legal and media events of the 1980s. An initial inquest agreed with the Chamberlains' statement that a dingo had entered the family tent and taken the baby, but a subsequent trial found Lindy Chamberlain guilty of the murder of her child. Mrs Chamberlain was imprisoned for three years before further investigations and legal proceedings eventually cleared her and her husband Michael of any connection with the disappearance of their daughter. The case took over 15 years to resolve and involved every level of the Australian legal system, from a coroner's court in Alice Springs to the High Court in Canberra.
Interest in the case was intense. During the 1980s, the subject of the guilt or innocence of Lindy Chamberlain obsessed the nation. Discussions rarely focused on the facts of the case. Speculation centred instead on other elements of the Chamberlains' lives in which the public developed a consuming interest. The fact that the Chamberlains were Seventh-Day Adventists led to a plethora of bizarre rumours and theories. For instance, it was said that Adventists believed in sacrificing a child to atone for sin and that Azaria's name actually meant 'sacrifice in the wilderness'. These ideas took hold of the public imagination and provided fodder for further debate and outrage.
Out of this frenzy of speculation the rumour emerged that Lindy Chamberlain always dressed her baby in black - an unnatural colour for a child. This small black outfit became yet another sign of apparent guilt to an insatiable public.
For Azaria's six week check-up, both of us were
dressed in our matching black and red outfits.
It was the first time I had ever taken her out publicly
in a little black cotton dress I had made for Reagan
and it caused quite a bit of comment.
People either loved or hated it.
Through My Eyes, 1990, p. 16
In 1992, Lindy Chamberlain began working with the National Library of Australia to document her archival collection. During the course of this work, it became apparent that she also possessed many important objects relating to her family's story. Recognising the importance of Azaria's story, the National Museum of Australia set about selectively acquiring this collection, eventually amassing over 250 items relating to the Chamberlains' ordeal. The collection includes courtroom sketches from the Chamberlain trial, camping equipment (including tent pegs that were submitted as evidence), the parka worn by Lindy at the camp site and part of the dashboard that was used as forensic evidence.
Controversy and interest surrounding the Chamberlain case continues to this day. Both the National Museum of Australia and the Chamberlain-Creighton family have faced criticism in putting the Chamberlain collection together. Many saw the collection to be in bad taste. The project was seen as another way in which Mrs Chamberlain was exploiting her experiences. A number of people expressed the opinion that the case was too recent, and the wounds too raw, for the Museum to become involved.
Lindy Chamberlain's experiences of public scrutiny and judgement have made her a perceptive collector and archivist. She has worked with the Museum to put together a fascinating collection of which this tiny black dress is a significant, evocative and moving part.
Conversation with Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton and Sophie Jensen - audio and transcript available | <urn:uuid:dece7446-dfcb-4658-91c6-495038b77c2e> | 2013-05-21T10:00:03Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Museum Welcomes Visitor Five Million
(ALAMOGORDO, NM) At the New Mexico Museum of Space History, every person through the door has been counted and recounted over the past two weeks as staff anticipated wel. . .
The X-Prize/X-Cup exhibit describes the competition that led "Space Ship One" to become the first manned commercial ship to journey into space and return safely. The X Prize Cup is an ongoing contest hosted . . .
Space Science in New Mexico
Space Science in New Mexico. New Mexico, and specifically the Tularosa Basin, has been home to many space pioneers and developments that made space travel possible.
This gallery features a fuel inje. . .
The International Space Hall of Fame
The International Space Hall of Fame was established in 1976 to recognize the imagination, efforts, and achievements of those who have endeavored to advance man's knowledge of the universe, and his ability t. . .
Looking Out, Looking Back
Looking out, looking back. Before man could travel in space, satellites explored the unknown frontier, testing for possible fatal effects of space travel. Today satellites help to conserve and manage resourc. . . | <urn:uuid:6081e038-de96-4b92-b41a-09faae7ae4d6> | 2013-05-21T10:35:32Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Why separation of powers matters: Is freedom inevitable?
The answer to that question is obvious but essential.
Freedom is not inevitable. Historically, freedom is a temporary condition enjoyed by only a fraction of the earth's population.
Since freedom is not inevitable - indeed, the opposite is true; freedom is rare - we must ask, "Why are we free when others or not?"
As a nation (and state) of immigrants, we can't claim we are free because of our genetics. Our nation (and state) is blessed with natural resources, but so is Russia. Wealth does not produce freedom.
In America (and in Nevada), we are free, because our founders recognized that, as Lord Acton stated, "Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely" and designed a government with three branches of government. While these branches of government each have different functions, they also have the ability to check the power exercised by another branch.
To ensure that no person or group would amass too much power, the founders established a government in which the powers to create, implement, and adjudicate laws were separated. Each branch of government is balanced by powers in the other two coequal branches: The President can veto the laws of the Congress; the Congress confirms or rejects the President's appointments and can remove the President from office in exceptional circumstances; and the justices of the Supreme Court, who can overturn unconstitutional laws, are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.Because we're so used to this system of government, it's easy to forget how important this system is to ensuring freedom.
Government is needed to secure an individual's right to life, liberty and property. But those wielding governmental power tend to corruption, which harms the very rights government was created to defend.
But using the checks and balances contained within three separate branches of government, you have a system where the tendency of government officials to amass power is checked by other government officials who usually aren't interested in giving up their power.
And it's also why it's so dangerous for one individual to work in two branches of government at the same time. Both the separation of powers and the checks and balances in the system go out the window if one person has authority in two branches of government. Instead of separating power, power is consolidated. Instead of one branch checking another, it could collude with it.
The idea of separating powers is so important that it's explicitly required in Nevada's constitution in Article 3, Section 1.
The powers of the Government of the State of Nevada shall be divided into three separate departments,-the Legislative,-the Executive and the Judicial; and no persons charged with the exercise of powers properly belonging to one of these departments shall exercise any functions, appertaining to either of the others...And that's exactly why NPRI's Center for Justice and Constitutional Litigation has sued Mo Denis, the Public Utilities Commission, and the State of Nevada for violating the separation-of-powers clause in Nevada's constitution.
Even the smallest encroachment in the separation-of-powers clause opens the door for larger and larger encroachments. Hello, Wendell Williams, Chris Giunchigliani, and Mark Manendo.
Once you remove the bright-line standard, it's only a matter of time before incremental "exceptions" render the provision meaningless.
And once you've removed the structural protections against, what James Madison called, "tyranny," you're left with a system of government dependent entirely on the character of its elected officials to keep it free from corruption and abuse of power.
As "power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely," this is a problem.
Freedom isn't inevitable. Freedom is rare, and we should do everything in our power to protect the form and structure of our government - including a clear separation-of-powers provision - which provided us with freedom. | <urn:uuid:0f05ae50-8446-4293-a426-f43dd2639c57> | 2013-05-21T10:34:20Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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How to Use
Reading 1: Three Days of Carnage at Gettysburg
(Refer to Map 2 as you read the description of the battle.)
Units of the Union and the Confederate armies met near Gettysburg on June 30, 1863, and each quickly requested reinforcements. The main battle opened on July 1, with early morning attacks by the Confederates on Union troops on McPherson Ridge, west of the town. Though outnumbered, the Union forces held their position. The fighting escalated throughout the day as more soldiers from each army reached the battle area. By 4 p.m., the Union troops were overpowered, and they retreated through the town, where many were quickly captured. The remnants of the Union force fell back to Cemetery Hill and Culp's Hill, south of town. The Southerners failed to pursue their advantage, however, and the Northerners labored long into the night regrouping their men.
Throughout the night, both armies moved their men to Gettysburg and took up positions in preparation for the next day. By the morning of July 2, the main strength of both armies had arrived on the field. Battle lines were drawn up in sweeping arcs similar to a "J," or fishhook shape. The main portions of both armies were nearly a mile apart on parallel ridges: Union forces on Cemetery Ridge, Confederate forces on Seminary Ridge, to the west. General Robert E. Lee, commanding the Confederate troops, ordered attacks against the Union left and right flanks (ends of the lines). Starting in late afternoon, Confederate General James Longstreet's attacks on the Union left made progress, but they were checked by Union reinforcements brought to the fighting from the Culp's Hill area and other uncontested parts of the Union battle line. To the north, at the bend and barb of the fishhook (the other flank), Confederate General Richard Ewell launched his attack in the evening as the fighting at the other end of the fishhook was subsiding. Ewell's men seized part of Culp's Hill, but elsewhere they were repulsed. The day's results were indecisive for both armies.
In the very early morning of July 3, the Union army forced out the Confederates who had successfully taken Culp's Hill the previous evening. Then General Lee, having attacked the ends of the Union line the previous day, decided to assail the Union. The attack was preceded by a two hour artillery bombardment of Cemetery Hill and Ridge. For a time, the massed guns of both armies were engaged in a thunderous duel for supremacy. The Union defensive position held. In a final attempt to gain the initiative and win the battle, Lee sent approximately 12,000 soldiers across the one mile of open fields that separated the two armies near the Union center. General George Meade, commander of the Union forces, anticipated such a move and had readied his army. The Union lines did not break. Only every other Southerner who participated in this action retired to safety. Despite great courage, the attack (sometimes called Pickett's Charge or Longstreet's assault) was repulsed with heavy losses. Crippled by extremely heavy casualties in the three days at Gettysburg, the Confederates could no longer continue the battle, and on July 4 they began to withdraw from Gettysburg.
1. Which army had the advantage after the first day of fighting? What were some reasons for their success? Could they have been even more successful?
2. What was the situation by the evening of July 2?
3. What evidence from the previous day's fighting brought General Lee to decide on the strategy for Pickett's Charge on July 3? What was the result of that assault?
4. Why did General Lee decide to withdraw from Gettysburg?
Reading 1 was adapted from the National Park Service's visitor's guide for Gettysburg National Military Park. | <urn:uuid:5d90f0c7-251b-47a6-816f-cabf014038b3> | 2013-05-21T10:15:53Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Biomass Technology Analysis
Conducting full life-cycle assessments for biomass products, including electricity, biodiesel, and ethanol, is important for determining environmental benefits. NREL analysts use a life-cycle inventory modeling package and supporting databases to conduct life-cycle assessments. These tools can be applied on a global, regional, local, or project basis.
Integrated system analyses, technoeconomic analyses, life-cycle assessments (LCAs), and other analysis tools are essential to our research and development efforts. They provide an understanding of the economic, technical, and even global impacts of renewable technologies. These analyses also provide direction, focus, and support to the development and commercialization of various biomass conversion technologies. The economic feasibility and environmental benefits of biomass technologies revealed by these analyses are useful for the government, regulators, and the private sector.
Technoeconomic analyses (TEAs) are performed to determine the potential economic viability of a research process. Evaluating the costs of a given process compared to the current technology can assess the economic feasibility of a project. These analyses can be useful in determining which emerging technologies have the highest potential for near-, mid-, and long-term success. The results of a TEA are also useful in directing research toward areas in which improvements will result in the greatest cost reductions. As the economics of a process are evaluated throughout the life of the project, advancement toward the final goal of commercialization can be measured. TEAs performed in previous years have determined the technical and economic feasibility of various biomass-based systems, including:
- Direct combustion
- Gasification combined cycle power systems
NREL's analysis capabilities include proficiency with the following software packages:
|ASPEN Plus©||Models continuous processes to obtain material and energy balances|
|GateCycle™||Performs detailed steady-state and off-design analyses of thermal power systems|
|Questimate©||Performs detailed process plant cost estimates|
|MATLAB® and MathCAD®||Perform numeric calculations and mathematical solutions|
|Crystal Ball®||Operates within Microsoft Excel® and incorporates uncertainties in forecasting analysis results|
Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is an analytic method for identifying, evaluating, and minimizing the environmental impacts of emissions and resource depletion associated with a specific process. When such an assessment is performed in conjunction with a technoeconomic feasibility study, the total economic and environmental benefits and drawbacks of a process can be quantified. Material and energy balances are used to quantify the emissions, resource depletion, and energy consumption of all processes, including raw material extraction, processing, and final disposal of products and by-products, required to make the process of interest operate. The results of this inventory are then used to evaluate the environmental impacts of the process so efforts can focus on mitigation. LCA studies have been conducted on the following systems:
- Biomass-fired integrated gasification combined-cycle system using a biomass energy crop
- Pulverized coal boiler representing an average U.S. coal-fired power plant
- Cofiring biomass residue with coal
- Natural gas combined-cycle power plant
- Direct-fired biomass power plant using biomass residue
- Anaerobic digestion of animal waste
Biofuels Production Technologies:
- Ethanol from corn stover
- Comparison of biodiesel and petroleum diesel used in an urban bus
Hydrogen production technologies:
- Natural gas-hydrogen production
For these analyses, the software package used to track the material and energy flows between the process blocks in each system was Tools for Environmental Analysis and Management (TEAM®).
Learn more about our Biomass capabilities and current projects in this area.
Access more information on all of our Staff Analysts | <urn:uuid:20b959d9-f123-487a-b3f3-b612ab4f12a6> | 2013-05-21T10:13:14Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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On April 15, 2000, about 1400 Eastern Daylight Time, a Piper J3C-65, N42383, was substantially damaged when it struck the ground while maneuvering near Lanconia, New Hampshire. The certificated private pilot succumbed to his injuries on April 24, 2000, and a passenger was seriously injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed for the personal flight conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. Use your browsers 'back' function to return to synopsisReturn to Query Page
In a telephone interview, the airplane's owner, who also witnessed the accident reported that the airplane took off towards the south, climbed to 50-100 feet, "just over the tree line," and began a circling turn to the right. The airplane completed 360 degrees of the turn, and was 10-15 degrees nose high, when the nose dropped and the airplane descended at a 60 degree nose down attitude. The owner observed the accident from inside his house, which was located at the north end of the grass strip. He reported that the engine was running while the airplane was in the turn; however, he did not recall if the engine was running during the descent.
According to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector's report, damage to the airplane was confined to the nose section of the airplane, and the leading edge portions of both wings. Examination of the engine did not reveal any mechanical deficiencies. Valve train continuity was observed and compression was obtained on all cylinders, when the crankshaft was rotated. The spark plugs were removed from the engine, were clean and appeared light gray in color. The magnetos displayed impact damage and could not be tested for spark.
Examination of the propeller revealed that one blade was broken aft in the opposite direction of rotation, and one blade was broken straight back towards the engine.
The FAA inspector reported that a sample of fuel was drained from the airplane's fuel strainer bowl after the accident; it was green in color, "cloudy," and resembled "muddy water." He stated the fuel "did not resemble 100LL fuel," and contained particles, which resembled paint chips, as well as additional unidentified debris. Fuel examined from the carburetor was "cloudier" than the fuel that was drained from the fuel drain.
According to the FAA inspector, the airplane was last fueled with 9 gallons of 100LL aviation gasoline on October 17, 1999, and there was no record of it being flown since that date.
According to a representative of the passenger, she had no memory of the flight. | <urn:uuid:bb681d4c-962f-41c8-a164-43783bf708fc> | 2013-05-21T10:09:04Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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... | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984129 | 520 | http://www.ntsb.gov/aviationquery/brief2.aspx?ev_id=20001212X20901&ntsbno=NYC00LA113&akey=1 | 0.589207 |
I've got the same laptop Sony VPCCW1
I followed the steps you mentioned exactly, but when I try
echo 50 | sudo tee -a /sys/class/backlight/nvidia_backlight/brightness
as you mentioned, the brightness does not change.
I've even tried removing and recompiling the nvidia_bl module, but it still has no effect. | <urn:uuid:c438f422-ad6d-42e8-af62-e7272db9a432> | 2013-05-21T10:28:34Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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0.03846153989... | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.861523 | 82 | http://www.nvnews.net/vbulletin/showpost.php?p=2185311&postcount=30 | 0.368793 |