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BEIJING - A STATE-RUN cafe has opened in Beijing's Forbidden City on the premises where Starbucks closed down earlier this year amid charges the United States chain sullied the site, state media said.
The Forbidden City Cafe, managed by the authorities that oversee the historic imperial quarters, serves both coffee and traditional Chinese tea, the Xinhua news agency reported late on Sunday.
'We want to provide tourists with a package of products relating to the imperial palace and Chinese culture,' Ms Li Wenru, deputy curator of the Forbidden City, was quoted as saying.
In July, Starbucks closed its coffee shop, which it had operated in the Forbidden City since 2000, after declining to offer other brands for sale to customers.
The Starbucks outlet had been controversial since it opened in the palace, the former home of China's emperors and one of the most important Chinese cultural heritage sites.
To be more discrete, two years ago Starbucks removed its distinctive sign from the cafe, which was one of its 190 shops in China.
Last January, Chinese television presenter Rui Chenggang called on Starbucks to leave the Forbidden City, saying that the cafe undermined the 'solemnity of the Forbidden City and (trampled on) Chinese culture'. Thousands of Internet users supported his view, which sparked extensive coverage in the official press. -- AFP | <urn:uuid:8fabe433-f64f-4b99-899f-f3887fef9d1d> | 2013-05-24T01:37:42Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Here’s the lecture:
Does life have a purpose? If naturalism is true, what is the purpose of life? If Christianity is true, what is the purpose of life?
Dr. Shenvi’s web site is here. Lots of great articles there on every conceivable topic.
- Dr. Shenvi’s brief testimony and background
- There is no purpose to the universe and us on naturalism
- The answer to every why-question on naturalism is chance and necessity (laws)
- Nothing in the universe has intrinsic / objective value
- There is no hope on naturalism because of the heat death of the universe: everything dies
- Nothing that humans do, on naturalism, matters in the long run
- Given sufficient time, the universe will not even know we were here
- Famous atheists like Bertrand Russell and Richard Dawkins agree on this
Purpose on naturalism:
- Purpose response: we can invent our own arbitrary made-up purposes
- The monopoly in a prison illustration
Meaning on naturalism:
- Meaning response: we can invent our own arbitrary made-up meaning
- The scrabble vs Shakespeare illustration
Value on naturalism:
- Value response: we can invent our own arbitrary made-up values
- The subjective opinion vs objective truth illustration
Hope on naturalism:
- Hope response: we can invent our own arbitrary made-up hopes
- The heat death of the universe ensures that all hopes fail on naturalism
If Christianity is true:
- The universe and human beings have an objective purpose
- There is a meaning to life that is objective
- Human beings have intrinsic value, because God made them and values them
- There is hope because there is an life after death that extends eternally
- This lecture does not argue that Christianity is true because it gives us goodies
- People should become Christians because Christianity is true
- Christianity is actually quite difficult because it requires self-denial and self-sacrifice
- What God has done to help us overcome with our rebellion?
Note that these are not arguments for God’s existence, because he covered that in a previous lecture. And this lecture is not about arguing for Christianity, because he covered that in a previous lecture.
Dr. Shenvi is a research scientist in theoretical chemistry. However, this lecture is not only passionate, but snarky and humorous. | <urn:uuid:2391ae0d-4d4c-4d3f-9019-1b2353812a3a> | 2013-05-24T01:59:33Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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LOS ANGELES (Reuters) - Disco queen Donna Summer, whose sultry voice and pulsing rhythms on hits like "Last Dance" and "Love to Love You Baby" defined the 1970s disco era, died of cancer on Thursday at age 63.
Summer, who won five Grammys and sold more than 130 million records worldwide, died surrounded by her family in Naples, Florida, publicist Brian Edwards said. He declined to specify what type of cancer caused her death.
"Early this morning, surrounded by family, we lost Donna Summer Sudano, a woman of many gifts, the greatest being her faith. While we grieve her passing, we are at peace celebrating her extraordinary life and her continued legacy," the singer's family said in a statement.
Summer had three children and married twice. Her second husband, musician Bruce Sudano, was at her bedside, Edwards said.
The music world swiftly paid tribute to Summer.
Gloria Gaynor, disco's other great diva, said Summer "forever changed ... how America danced and enjoyed themselves. She may have had her ‘Last Dance' here on earth, but ‘Heaven Knows' it is dancing with joy for her arrival."
Liza Minelli said, "We will be dancing to her music forever," and record producer Quincy Jones said her voice was "the heartbeat and soundtrack of a decade."
Born LaDonna Gaines in Boston, she made her debut as a church singer at age 10 and began her professional career in Germany at the age of 18, performing in the shows "Hair" and "Porgy and Bess" and working as a studio session singer.
But it wasn't until 1975 that she found fame with the breathy vocals and grinding beat of "Love to Love You Baby." The song was a huge hit in American and European nightclubs even though its overt sexuality made it controversial.
CHANNELING MARILYN MONROE
Summer told Billboard magazine in a 2008 interview that she wasn't originally planning on singing that song herself.
"It was kind of a work in progress, and I thought that if I could get the right singer, it could be a hit. I had given Giorgio (Moroder, producer) the idea of 'Love to Love You Baby,' and he went into the studio and put a track to the idea and I went in and sang some words over it," she said.
"I didn't need a lot of words, so I oohed and aahed my way through it. I was imagining if Marilyn Monroe sang the song, that's what she would do," Summer told Billboard.
Summer followed up with a string of other disco tunes in the 1970s and into the mid-1980s, including "Last Dance," "Hot Stuff," "Bad Girls," "I Feel Love" and her cover version of the ballad "MacArthur Park," which was her first No. 1 record in the United States in 1978.
Barbra Streisand, who recorded the 1979 duet "No More Tears (Enough is Enough)" with Summer said on Thursday, "She had an amazing voice and was so talented...It's so sad."
In 1983, Summer scored a massive hit with "She Works Hard for the Money," as she sought to branch out of the disco genre.
Throughout her career, Summer had 32 hit singles on the Billboard Hot 100, including four No. 1s.
Summer's recording success declined in the 1990s, after she embraced Christianity and released songs like "I Believe in Jesus." But her last studio album, "Crayons" in 2008, produced three dance club hits with "I'm a Fire," "Stamp Your Feet" and "Fame."
In 2009, Summer sang at the Nobel Peace Prize concert in Norway in 2009 in honor of Nobel laureate U.S. President Barack Obama. She also made guest appearances in the last three years on TV shows "America's Got Talent" and "Platinum Hit."
Her most recent hit was the 2010 single "To Paris With Love."
Her family asked on Thursday that fans make donations in Summer's honor to the Salvation Army.
(Reporting by Piya Sinha-Roy and Alex Dobuzinskis; Editing by Bob Tourtellotte and Cynthia Osterman) | <urn:uuid:d0e92bf3-cd94-4b9c-a8dd-8bbb3f930bf3> | 2013-05-24T01:58:06Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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(Reuters) - The federal patent court in Germany dealt a blow to AstraZeneca by ruling that a key patent on the anti-psychotic drug Seroquel XR was invalid, the British drugmaker said on Tuesday.
The ruling is limited to Germany, where the drug had sales of $82 million for the first 10 months of the year, and not binding to other countries, the company said.
AstraZeneca believes the Seroquel XR patent to be valid until 2017. The company had previously won Seroquel XR patent challenges in the United States, Spain and the Netherlands and is appealing a court ruling in Britain that found the patent to be invalid.
The German patent had been challenged by three generic drugmakers - the German unit of Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Hexal AG and Accord Healthcare Ltd.
"AstraZeneca is disappointed with the court's decision. The company remains committed to defending its intellectual property protecting Seroquel XR," AstraZeneca said in a statement.
Seroquel XR is an extended release version of Seroquel, which is used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression, and is sold in Germany under the band name Seroquel Prolong.
Seroquel began facing competition from cheaper generics earlier this year, giving the company added incentive to defend its patents on the long acting version.
(Reporting by Bill Berkrot; Editing by Bernard Orr) | <urn:uuid:1ec4c440-0038-48f5-8079-23bae4b8883c> | 2013-05-24T01:58:12Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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there have been many successful people who have droped [sic] out of school
My response to this was:
I think that I would ask for a definition of the word "many" in this context.
Nonetheless, yes, there are people who have been successful despite dropping out of school - but those people are the (exceedingly rare) exceptions and not the rule.
Sure enough, someone pulled out a small list of people who did well despite dropping out from school. The list they provided was Albert Einstein, The Wright Brothers, Billy Joel, Tom Cruise "and a ton more."
Well, right off the bat, we can eliminate Einstein. While he may have dropped out at one point, he did end up earning a PhD from the University of Zurich. We can, in theory, also eliminate Cruise who did graduate from high school, but we'll discuss him a bit later.
The Wright Brothers did not complete high school -- that is a fact. Nonetheless, they lived in an age when completing high school was more luxury than necessity. Many people in the 1880s and 1890s did not complete high school; they were often forced to go looking for work to help out the family. That reality, however, does not exist today. You really can't use The Wright Brothers as a comparison. Were they alive as teenagers today, you can bet your bottom dollar that they would complete their high school education.
Billy Joel and Tom Cruise have a fairly unique quality -- they have been blessed with very unique talents. Not any shlub off the street can walk into a studio and open a $100M movie based on name recognition alone. Not any shlub can announce a concert at Shea Stadium and sell out the tickets 45 minutes after they go on sale. The fact is that these people (like many professional athletes) have such unique skills that they don't need an advanced education to make a ton of money. But the fact of the matter is that the reason they can make so much money is because their skills are exceedingly rare. You can't tell the average kid "it's okay to drop out of high school like Celebrity X," because the average kid doesn't have the God-given unique talents that Celebrity X has.
That being said, let's talk about what the more typical kid might find. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, here are the usual median weekly earnings of people in the US by education for Q3 2008:
Less Than High School: 471
High School Diploma: 618
Some College Education: 725
Bachelor's Degree: 1020
Bachelor's Degree or more: 1131
Advanced Degree: 1333
I have data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics going back to 2000 (email me if you want them, or you can get them from here), and the relationship between education and salary always holds. The more education the average person has, the more they earn.
Is it possible for a person with little or no education to strike it rich? Absolutely. But in just about every case, you'll find that the person either has an incredibly rare and valuable skill or is incredibly lucky (and won the lottery). For the other 99.99999% of the population, you need an education. In other words, you can't look at the exception and posit it as the rule.
It should be noted that an interesting development seems to be occurring in the chareidi world. The Jerusalem Post reported on Sunday that chareidim want to go to college. Many, however, cannot go to college because they lack the necessary skills that they would have learned in elementary and high school. However, I wonder if this isn't the beginning of a change in chareidi society towards seeing the value of a decent secular education as necessary to get by in day-to-day life. Even if these particular chareidim can never go to college, you can bet that they will see to it that their kids don't follow the same path that they did, and that their kids *will* get a decent high school education, even if they have to go through "back channels" to get it for them.
UPDATE (1:20 pm): The person who posted the original comment came back with this response, which I hereby dub "the stupidest quote of the day:"
i hold that statistics dont affect us yidden. | <urn:uuid:f534f944-5d84-4fd0-8918-42d412b088e0> | 2013-05-24T01:44:19Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Key: "S:" = Show Synset (semantic) relations, "W:" = Show Word (lexical) relations
Display options for sense: (gloss) "an example sentence"
- S: (n) abscission, cutting off (the act of cutting something off)
- S: (n) cut, cutting, cutting off (the act of shortening something by chopping off the ends) "the barber gave him a good cut"
- S: (v) interrupt, disrupt, break up, cut off (make a break in) "We interrupt the program for the following messages"
- S: (v) cut, cut off (cease, stop) "cut the noise"; "We had to cut short the conversation"
- S: (v) cut off, chop off, lop off (remove by or as if by cutting) "cut off the ear"; "lop off the dead branch"
- S: (v) cut off, cut out (cut off and stop) "The bicyclist was cut out by the van"
- S: (v) chip, knap, cut off, break off (break a small piece off from) "chip the glass"; "chip a tooth"
- S: (v) amputate, cut off (remove surgically) "amputate limbs" | <urn:uuid:2ed6792f-f0fa-48ca-a9c7-4a60d6642c00> | 2013-05-24T01:50:58Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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- S: (n) guard, safety, safety device (a device designed to prevent injury or accidents)
- S: (n) guard (a posture of defence in boxing or fencing) "keep your guard up"
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SITUATED AT THE MOUTH of the Mississippi River
on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana and its people have long been influenced by the intersection of these two major water features. The physical geography of Louisiana can be examined in terms of its five natural regions: the Coastal Marsh; the Mississippi Flood Plain; the Red River Valley; the Terraces; and the Hills. Each has played an important role in the history of the state. The southernmost of these regions is the Coastal Marsh, which serves as a transitional area between land and sea. Characterized by fresh and saltmarsh vegetation as well as peat soils, this natural region serves to provide rich fishing grounds that support the second-largest seafood industry in the United States
today. Heading northward away from the coastal areas, rivers dominate not only the physical landscape but also the economic geography
of Louisiana. The Red and Mississippi rivers are distinguished as separate natural regions because of soil and drainage differences, however, they are inherently interconnected and provide an extensive waterway transportation system upon which the Louisiana economy has been built. Combined with five deepwater ports and proximity of the Gulf of Mexico, the river system of Louisiana serves as natural gateway for the exchange of not only goods produced in the state but much of the U.S. midwest as well. While the petrochemical and mineral resource industries are most often associated with the importance of waterway transportation today, the fertile flood plains of the Mississippi River have long been a source of agricultural wealth for the state by producing large quantities of cotton, soybeans, and rice. Rising above the river floodplains into the Terraces and Hills, the forest industry prevails because of the availability over 13 million acres (5.2 million hectares) of hardwood and pine forests. Natural resources alone do not provide all of the state’s economic foundations. Louisiana has also developed a strong tourism industry premised upon its unique cultural heritage. The idea of “cultural gumbo” is often used to describe the people of Louisiana, as they are like the famous gumbo dish created out of many separate ingredients that blend together to create a delightful experience. Throughout its history, the territory that now encompasses Louisiana has been governed under 10 different flags. Although originally claimed by Hernando de Soto for Spain
in the early 1540s, Louisiana remained largely ignored by Europeans until Robert de La Salle claimed the territory for France
in 1682. The first permanent settlement was finally established in 1714. Despite the strong French and Spanish presence in the territory, other Europeans, including Germans farmers, began to arrive, each adding their own influences to the Louisiana culture and landscape. With a military victory over France and Spain in 1763, Great Britain also laid claim to the portion of Louisiana east of the Mississippi River basin. While European nations struggled with each other for control of Louisiana, other cultural groups continued to arrive. The rich soils of the river lands fostered the growth of a plantation economy that depended upon the importation of African and Afro-Caribbean slaves who contributed to the formation of the culture in south Louisiana. This area was also settled by Creoles, the French-speaking Acadians who fled British control of Nova Scotia and made their way into south-central Louisiana and are today recognized by the name Cajuns. Even after the Louisiana Purchase
in 1803 and its incorporation into the United States in 1812, portions of Louisiana would be governed under a foreign flag. In 1810, a controversy arose between the United States and Spain over the control of portions of eastern Louisiana, resulting in the declaration of the shortlived independent Republic of West Florida. Finally, in 1861, Louisiana seceded from the Union and after only a six-week period as an independent republic joined the Confederacy and its efforts in the Civil War. After the conclusion of the war, Louisiana was readmitted to the Union in 1868. Despite the passage of over 130 years of continual U.S. control, the people of Louisiana have seldom forgotten their past and continue to draw upon it today to create a diverse cultural experience blended from a unique history and environment. | <urn:uuid:ef384db7-2e3a-4e85-a6f5-bc771cff68cd> | 2013-05-24T01:57:37Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Mill is one of those few paintings that are significant not only because they are beautiful but because they have profoundly influenced the history of taste. As part of important eighteenth- and nineteenth-century collections, The Mill was well known to connoisseurs and artists who valued it as one of Rembrandt's greatest creations. The romantic aura of the scene, with the dramatic silhouette of the mill seen against the stormy sky, captured their imagination. Many stories and myths circulated about the painting, among them that this was a picture of Rembrandt's father's mill. The dark, threatening sky seemed to others to portend the severe financial difficulties that Rembrandt had in the mid-1650s. | <urn:uuid:9463868c-335b-46a3-8db3-7a0a2522c375> | 2013-05-24T01:57:56Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Jan. 20, 2000
Down on My Knees
Poem: "Down On My Knees" by Ginger Andrews from An Honest Answer published by Story Line Press.
On this day in 1961 poet Robert Frost stood up to recite a poem for the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy, as the younger New Englander had requested. Frost had planned to recite a new poem, called "Dedication," written especially for the occasion, but there were difficulties. He had typed the final version of the new work on a typewriter that had a dim ribbon; his 86-year-old eyes were weak; and, the night before the festivities, Washington was blanketed by a snowstormInauguration Day was unusually bright with glare from all the snow. On the outdoor platform, the old poet couldn't make out his own dimly typed lines. So Robert Frost, 86 years old, gave up on his longer introductory poem and recited his well-known "The Gift Outright" by heart.
It's the birthday of filmmaker Federico Fellini, born Rimini, Italy (1920). His films include La Strada (1956), Nights of Cabiria [kah-BEER-ee-ah] (1957), 8 1/2 (1963), and Amarcord (1974).
It's the birthday of cartoonist Harold Lincoln Gray, born in Kankakee, Illinois (1894)who drew 'Little Orphan Annie,' a 12-year-old girl with frizzy hair, saucer eyes, a dog named Sandy and as a friend the bald billionaire Daddy Warbucks. The strip first appeared in the Chicago Tribune in 1924.
It's the birthday of novelist and essayist Johannes Vilhelm Jensen, born in Farso, Denmark (1873). He wrote a cycle of 7 novels called Den lange rejse (The Long Journey, 1908-22), tracing the rise of man from a half-animal in the forests of Jutland to the discovery of America by Columbus.
Be well, do good work, and keep in touch.® | <urn:uuid:3ecfd787-fce6-462e-9ad9-e614f8b64fa3> | 2013-05-24T02:04:53Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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FRANKFURT (Reuters) - German airline Air Berlin
Air Berlin, Germany's second-biggest airline after Lufthansa
The program will entail cutting 900 jobs and leave the airline to concentrate on its most profitable routes with more flights to be offered to popular destinations like Majorca.
It also said it would expand long-haul services from Berlin and Duesseldorf. Airports in Vienna, Hamburg, Munich, Zurich and Stuttgart will remain primary bases for Air Berlin planes.
The company also aims to further cut its fleet of aircraft to 142 this year, from 158 at the end of September 2012.
Air Berlin, which has not posted a full-year operating profit since 2007, has already cut seats, unprofitable routes and postponed plane orders to reduce costs and shrink its way back to profitability after racking up debts to expand.
The years of losses cost founder Joachim Hunold his job as chief executive in 2011. Interim CEO Hartmut Mehdorn unexpectedly stepped down last week, handing over the controls to the airline's strategy chief Wolfgang Prock-Schauer.
Under Mehdorn Etihad bought almost 30 percent of Air Berlin, granted loans to the German carrier and bought a majority of its frequent-flyer programme for 184.4 million euros in cash - more than Air Berlin's market value.
(Reporting by Maria Sheahan; Editing by Greg Mahlich) | <urn:uuid:4634e804-2127-4457-9157-d5f670fef85c> | 2013-05-24T01:39:19Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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No Sound or Picture on TV
Last Updated: Wed, 20 Apr 2011 > Related Articles
Common troubleshooting steps for common no audio and/or no video issues on Cox Digital Cable.
- Properly plug your television and Cox digital receiver into an electrical outlet.
- Verify that the mute button is not in use.
- Make sure all cables are properly connected.
- Make sure the television power is turned ON.
- If your set top equipment includes a VCR, DVD player, external DVR and/or stereo, make sure they are properly connected to the Cox set top box.
- Make sure your television is tuned to the proper output channel (3 or 4).
- Make sure the volume is turned up.
- If the problem is with channels below 100, check the SAP setting, referring to the handbook provided by the manufacturer of your television.
- For channels above 100, check the Language Preference setting in the Cox Program Guide Settings Menu.
- Make sure the current television program is broadcast in color.
- Adjust the television color controls.
If you're seeing the problem on broadcast network channel only (e.g. ABC, NBC, CBS, Fox, WB), it is most likely a problem with the quality of the television signal. These are usually intermittent problems and should go away. If the problem persists, please contact your Cox Business customer service representative for technical support.
If you're seeing the problem on cable channels (e.g. ESPN, CNN, USA):
- If you have an external device like a DVD player, VCR, etc, turn it off and make sure the television is set to the right mode.
- If you have an A/B switch, try both switch positions.
- If you're seeing a black screen, locate and adjust the brightness control.
- If you're seeing wavy or rolling lines on your screen, adjust the fine-tuning control on your TV set.
- If you're seeing a rolling picture, adjust the horizontal and vertical hold on your TV set.
- If you're seeing poor color or no color, adjust the "color" control on TV.
- If you're seeing a blue, green or red tint to picture, adjust the "tint" control on your TV set.
If the picture is still poor, you can check to see if the problem is with the Cox set top box by bypassing the converter and connecting the cable directly to your TV. To do this, follow these steps:
- Go to the back of the set top box and TV set.
- Disconnect the cable line going into the TV.
- Disconnect the cable line going to the input ("in" or "cable in") port on the set top box.
- Hookup the line disconnected in Step 2 to the antenna input on the TV.
If the picture is clear after completing these steps, the converter may be faulty. You can return it to a customer service center for a new unit or call to schedule a service appointment to have the converter replaced.
If the picture is still bad after completing these steps, call your Cox Business customer service representative for technical support.
If you have audio on most channels, but have silence on some or all of your local network channels, you may have the Secondary Audio Programming (SAP) turned ON.
- The SAP feature allows your TV, VCR or digital set top box to tune in a second "track" of audio programming.
- Not all channels broadcast SAP signals.
- Some channels may not broadcast any sound when the SAP feature is activated. Local network channels are a good example of this.
- Channels that utilize SAP usually transmit the dialogue in a second language (such as Spanish). Some channels transmit other types of audio programming, such as classical music.
To disable the SAP on your digital set top box:
- Press the "Settings" button on the digital remote one time.
- This will bring you to the "Quick Settings" screen.
- You should see an option on this screen that says either "Disable SAP" or "Choose SAP Language".
- Highlight the appropriate option using the up or down arrow buttons on your digital remote control.
- If you see the "Disable SAP" option
- press the "Select" button and your audio should return.
- If you see the "Choose SAP Language" option
- Use the left or right arrow buttons to choose the "English" setting
- Then press the "Select" button and your audio should return.
MTS, Stereo or SAP Problems
- Verify in the program listing guide that the program has those features.
- Check to see if the "MTS", "STEREO" or "SAP" light on the TV or other video device is on.
- If not, push the "MTS", "STEREO" or "SAP" button on the TV or other video device.
- Adjust the fine tuning on the TV set to restore the stereo or SAP.
If you hear a static type sound, or buzzing in the audio while you watch a program, the audio settings between your TV and set top box may not be set in optimal quality range. You can correct these settings by doing the following:
- Using the volume control buttons on the television itself (not the remote) turn the volume all the way down to 0.
- Using the volume controls on the digital set top box itself
- Turn up the volume until it is at its maximum.
- Using the television's volume controls again; raise the volume to a comfortable level.
- At this point the sound quality from the converter should be optimal. If you are still experiencing the audio problems on this television, it is possible there is a loose connection on the television.
If you are experiencing decreased audio on some premium channels or you are having difficulty hearing the dialogue, however the background sounds come through clearly, the "Audio: Range" is out of adjustment.
- To correct this, push the [SETTINGS] button twice.
- Locate "Audio: Range" in the menu and press [SELECT].
- For the best quality audio on all channels, the "Narrow" option is the best.
- For some programs, "Normal" or "Wide" may be used if you have a stereo audio system connected.
- Not all programs are compatible with the "Wide" setting, so the volume may appear to be washed out, or too low to hear without turning the volume up extremely high. | <urn:uuid:7ebe0b92-f8e4-4881-b9f8-8a0d675338bf> | 2013-05-24T01:45:09Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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|The Surprising Appearance of Nanotubular Fullerene D5h(1)-C90|
The previously undetected fullerene D5h(1)-C90—with a distinct nanotubular shape—has been isolated as the major C90 isomer produced from Sm2O3-doped graphite rods and structurally identified by single-crystal x-ray diffraction. Fullerenes are well-defined molecules that consist of closed cages of carbon atoms and distinct inside and outside surfaces. They tend to form very small crystals; consequently, high-resolution data was collected using small-molecule crystallography at ALS Beamline 11.3.1. The discovery of nanotubular D5h(1)-C90, which is a fullerene with 90 carbon atoms and D5h symmetry, opens a bridge between molecular fullerenes and carbon nanotubes.
In recent years, the well-known solid allotropes diamond and graphite have been joined by new allotropes: fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. Diamond consists of four-coordinate carbon atoms with tetrahedral geometry, while the other allotropes involve three-coordinate carbon atoms. In graphite, these carbon atoms are arranged in hexagonal sheets that are stacked upon one another. Graphene is simply a single hexagonal graphitic sheet with a thickness of only one atom.
Carbon nanotubes can be conceived as hexagonal graphene sheets rolled into cylindrical shapes. These tubes may consist of a single wall of carbon atoms (single-walled carbon nanotubes) or may consist of multiple layers of tubes nested inside one another (multi-wall carbon nanotubes). Carbon nanotubes are produced as mixtures in which the individual tubes can vary in length, width, precise alignment of the component hexagons, and the chemical nature of the unique carbon atoms at the two ends of the tube. Graphene is likewise produced as sheets of varying size with generally less well-defined structures for those carbon atoms at the outer edges.
Fullerenes of varying sizes (from 60 to more than 500 carbon atoms) have also been observed, and individual molecules such as C60 and C70 have been isolated in pure form. Each fullerene is constructed of 12 pentagonal rings of carbon atoms and a number of hexagonal rings. For example, the prototypical C60, the most readily prepared fullerene, has 20 hexagonal rings in addition to the 12 pentagons.
Isolating higher fullerenes in an isomerically pure form is challenging, especially since the number of isomers increases as the size of the fullerene cage expands, as per the isolated pentagon rule (IPR). The IPR requires that each pentagon be surrounded by five hexagons to avoid strain-inducing pentagon–pentagon contact. There are 46 isomers of C90 that obey the IPR, but none of these isomers had previously been obtained in pure form. Indeed, in the absence of Sm2O3, no D5h(1)-C90 has ever been detected.
The oblong fullerene D5h(1)-C90 belongs to a set of nanotube-like fullerenes with the formula C60+10n, which have alternating D5h symmetry (when n is odd and the end caps are eclipsed) or D5d symmetry (when n is even and the end caps are staggered). The structure of D5h(1)-C90 (n = 3) is thus closely related to that of C70 (n = 1). However, within this family only C60, C70, and D5h(1)-C90 have been isolated in pure form and characterized crystallographically.
The isolation of D5h(1)-C90 provides a unique molecular model for carbon nanotubes that will allow scientists to explore the chemical and physical properties of a distinctly cylindrical fullerene. The armchair-style belts that are found at the waist of D5h(1)-C90 are a unique feature of this particular fullerene, but are the fundamental building block of carbon nanotubes.
Research conducted by H. Yang, A. Jiang, Z. Wang, and Z. Liu (Zhejiang University, P.R. China); H. Jin (Jiliang University, P.R. China); B.Q. Mercado, M.M. Olmstead, and A.L. Balch (University of California, Davis); and C.M. Beavers (Berkeley Lab).
Research funding: National Science Foundation and the Natural Science Foundation of China. Operation of the ALS is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences.
Publication about this research: H. Yang, C.M. Beavers, Z. Wang, A. Jiang, Z. Liu, H. Jin, B.Q. Mercado, M.M. Olmstead, and A.L. Balch, "Isolation of a small carbon nanotube: The surprising appearance of D5h(1)-C90," Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49, 886 (2010).
ALS Science Highlight #217 | <urn:uuid:2f9c3991-1432-4449-97f6-f09dea37f2f9> | 2013-05-24T01:37:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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CHAMBLEE, Ga. -- Police have located an 11-year-old girl who disappeared shortly after school was dismissed Tuesday afternoon.
Mohosana Hamid Jakiya was last seen at around 4 p.m. near Chamblee Middle School. She was headed toward Peachtree Boulevard.
Officials found Jakiya at the Doraville MARTA station at around 11:30 p.m. Authorities said she is safe. | <urn:uuid:983803ab-b8d6-4bd1-b559-8a1c2d3c19c5> | 2013-05-24T01:32:35Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A study by Consumer Reports Magazine says eating rice once a day can drive up arsenic levels in your body by 44 percent. A second portion could lead to a 70 percent increase.
Researchers say the worrisome levels of inorganic arsenic are linked to lung and bladder cancer.
Nutritionists say what's important is to eat rice and rice-products in moderation.
"This doesn't mean people should stop eating rice,” said nutritionist Trish Kazacos, “or even quinoa or barley."
Consumer Reports indicated that it's important for young children and infants not to eat more than one serving of rice or rice products per day. | <urn:uuid:8b530fd9-0dc8-40d5-ba26-e03c966c123a> | 2013-05-24T01:37:41Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Luetzen, Memorial, Frank Ellmerich
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
L tzen is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated approx. 14 km northeast of Wei enfels, and 18 km southwest of Leipzig.
The town was the scene of two famous battles:
The Battle of Lützen (1632) in the Thirty Years' War, in which Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden defeated Albrecht von Wallenstein. However, Gustavus Adolphus himself died on the battlefield, resulting in the battle being a Pyrrhic victory for Sweden. There is a statue in L tzen in his memory. Also, there is a stone, called Schwedenstein(Swedenstone), covered by a gothic-style monument on the spot on the battlefield where he died. Close to this there is a memorial church in his honour.
The Battle of L tzen (1813) in the Napoleonic Wars, in which Napoleon defeated combined Russian and Prussian forces in nearby Grossgoerschen.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaL tzen is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anha...
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaLützen is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anha...
Unterstand im südlichen Teil des Kuhrparks in Bad DürrenbergDie Stadt Bad Dürrenberg liegt an der Saa...
Südlicher Kuhrpark in Bad DürrenbergDie Stadt Bad Dürrenberg liegt an der Saale zwischen Leipzig, Mer...
Der Borlachturm mit Witzleben-Turm an der schönen Saale zu Bad Dürrenberg.Johann Gottfried Borlach (*...
Nova Eventis in Günthersdorf. HDR 6 x 3 Bilder (4 Portrait l 1 Zenith l 2 Nadir) l Photomatix l PTGui...
Sand-Design Weltmeisterschaft in Nova Eventis 1.Platz, rechts 3. Platz 4m Pole
Eine einsame Schleuse des alten Saale-Elster Kanals in Wüsteneutzsch.
Study tour to waterways in Bohemia and Saxony, april 2011.
Street around the settlement. Some properties are still undeveloped so that the settlement isn't comp...
Germany? Before the beginning there was Ginnungagap, an empty space of nothingness, filled with pure creative power. (Sort of like the inside of my head.)
And it ends with Ragnarok, the twilight of the Gods. In between is much fighting, betrayal and romance. Just as a good Godly story should be.
Heroes have their own graveyard called Valhalla. Unfortunately we cannot show you a panorama of it at this time, nor of the lovely Valkyries who are its escort service.
Hail Odin, wandering God wielding wisdom and wand! Hail Freya, hail Tyr, hail Thor!
But it is to the mighty Thor that the Hammering Man gives service.
Between the time of the Nordic old ones and that of modern Frankfort there may have been a T.Rex or two on the scene. At least some mastodons for sure came through for lunch, then fell into tar pits to become fossils for us to find.
And there we must leave you, O my most pure and holy children.
Text by Steve Smith. | <urn:uuid:b3cb01cf-a5ad-4c3f-80f5-c5d93395ffda> | 2013-05-24T02:01:14Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Images: Oklahoma tornado devastation
1650: French philosopher and mathematician René Descartes, who has been called the father of both modern philosophy and analytical geometry, dies of pneumonia at the age of 53 in Stockholm, Sweden. He is perhaps best known for the philosophical statement "Cogito ergo sum," which translates to "I think, therefore I am."
America's first hospital opens, Glenn Miller earns the first gold record, Nelson Mandela is released from prison after 27 years, and Whitney Houston passes away, all on this day.
Drone strikes are a necessary evil, but one that must be used with more temperance as the United States' security situation evolves, President Barack Obama said Thursday.
America prefers to capture, interrogate and prosecute terrorists, but there are... | <urn:uuid:d4c3836a-2a72-4928-b5d1-402a5d182566> | 2013-05-24T01:52:36Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A barricaded gunman and three people were found dead in an Aurora, Colorado, home after police exchanged fire with the gunman to end a standoff Saturday, authorities said.
A woman earlier escaped uninjured from the home and told police she saw three apparently lifeless people inside, authorities said. She said the man was firing shots inside the residence before 3 a.m., police said.
During a subsequent standoff, the gunman behaved "very irrationally," hung up the phone on negotiators, and ignored bullhorn commands to exit the premises, authorities said. Tear gas did not faze him, they added.
"The male was given multiple commands to come out of the house both on the phone and from a bullhorn outside. He did not comply," Sgt. Cassidee Carlson said in a statement.
Five hours into the incident, a SWAT team in an armored vehicle broke out a house window, and the gunman fired upon the vehicle, without injury to the officers, police said.
Police didn't return fire at the time.
An hour later, the gunman fired upon officers from a second-floor window, but this time, police returned fire, striking the suspect, authorities said.
No officers were injured.
Police entered the residence and found the gunman dead in the upstairs bedroom, authorities said.
Police also found two men and a woman -- all deceased -- inside the home, authorities said. "We do believe that they all knew each other, possibly related. It's unclear if they all lived at the home or what the status of that is," Carlson told reporters. | <urn:uuid:f036135e-026e-4392-8e3d-03cbf63347bb> | 2013-05-24T01:32:48Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A store employee at the Clackamas Town Center mall used his knowledge of the shopping complex to hustle a customer out of the building during Tuesday's shooting rampage and then twice went back inside to guide other shoppers to exits and safety. Allan Fonseca, who works at Lancome counter in Macy's and was waiting on Jocelyn Lay when they heard shots fired about 3:30 p.m. Thinking quickly, Fonseca got her behind the counter to hide. "We both just looked at each other and knew that this was a serious situation and it was a gunman and we both just dove down below the Lancome counter there for a little protection," Lay told "Good Morning America." "And the gunfire just kept going off."
Lay said that she began praying for the Lord to protect her and the other shoppers in the mall. She said Fonseca, as a store employee, knew exactly what to do, and she credits him as her hero.
"He said that we needed to evacuate, and he took me by the hand and took me down the escalator and out to safety," she said.
Once Fonseca was sure that she was safe, he then turned to her and said, "I'm going to go back and help other people."
Fonseca said that because he is familiar with the exits in the mall, he felt that he would be able to help shoppers escape the gunfire.
"I felt that if I knew how to get out of the mall and out to safety then I should share that knowledge with everyone else, like the shoppers that don't come here regularly and don't know all of the exits," he said. "So I decided to go back up because I wanted to see if there was anybody in panic or didn't know where to do."
Fonseca returned to the mall and evacuated the lower level of the Macy's store, and then went back up to the "shooting floor" to look for his co-workers. Lay says she's not sure she would have done if he hadn't been there to get her out of harm's way.
"I probably just would have stayed there and probably would have had a little more fear because it's one of those situations where you've seen in previous shootings, the gunman keep shooting and keep looking for different people," she said. "I would have huddled there and hoped and prayed." | <urn:uuid:17d012ca-877c-4929-9e5e-60cfc2a584ff> | 2013-05-24T01:43:46Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Under the unforgiving desert sky, two warring leaders come face to face. The bodies of their warriors litter the battlefield. The victorious Nesib, Emir of Hobeika, lays down his peace terms to his rival Amar, Sultan of Salmaah. The two men agree that neither may lay claim to the area of no man's land between them called The Yellow Belt. In return and according to the tribal customs of the time, Nesib will "adopt"- or take hostage- Amar's two boys Saleeh and Auda; a guarantee that neither man can invade the other. Years later, Saleeh and Auda have grown into young men. Saleeh, the warrior, itches to escape his gilded cage and return to his father's land. Auda cares only for books and the pursuit of knowledge. One day, their adopted father Nesib is visited by an American oil man from Texas. He tells the Emir that his land is blessed with oil and promises him riches beyond his imagination.
Tahar Rahim, Antonio Banderas, Mark Strong, Freida Pinto, Riz Ahmed, Akin Gazi, Liya Kebede | <urn:uuid:221bb4e5-584c-4dca-a970-0d63e14e057c> | 2013-05-24T01:43:47Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Error: Page Not Found
An error occured while processing your request. Possible reasons include:
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Please use the Site Search or Main Navigation to locate the page you were looking for. Alternatively, feel free to contact us and we will try fix the problem.
We apologize for the inconvienence. | <urn:uuid:dc640344-c2bc-4cfc-8318-2ebec0dca42d> | 2013-05-24T02:04:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Yoga has been recognized for some time as being effective in reducing high blood pressure, particularly the diastolic (lower) number, which is the most crucial. You can experience the relaxing effects of Yoga by committing to a short daily routine of breathing, exercise, and meditation.
Yoga techniques improve your body’s strength and flexibility, teach you how to relax mentally and physically, and show you how to better manage stress reactions such as muscle tension (most commonly in the face, stomach, neck, shoulders, and breath), rapid heart rate, constricted breathing, and anxiety.
The fastest and most effective way to reduce reaction to stress is to change your breath, and an immediate way to improve your breathing is to improve your posture. In Yoga, you learn to strengthen your back and stomach muscles so that you can sit and stand straighter; this releases pressure on your heart and lungs and allows you to breathe easier.
Yoga breathing exercises teach you how to breathe more deeply and rhythmically; this has many effects, both physical and mental. Your respiratory muscles become stronger, and more oxygen reaches your bloodstream. Regular practice of breathing exercises will give you greater concentration, willpower, and steadiness. You’ll feel calmer, too, as you breathe, because your mind can’t think about upsetting things when it is focused on the breath. You can learn to use the breathing techniques whenever you feel stressed, fatigued, or anxious for immediate relief.
Yoga exercise benefits your entire circulatory system, beginning with the production of blood, which takes place in the marrow of the long bones in the thighs. Improving circulation in the legs with daily Yoga stretching exercises helps to rejuvenate the blood. Yoga exercises stretch the body's major blood vessels, keeping them free-flowing and elastic; Yoga oxygenates the blood and pushes fresh nutrients to all peripheral vessels and capillaries. Improved circulation means that your brain will receive more oxygen, improving alertness, memory, and mood; vital organs receive a steady supply of the nutrients they need for optimal functioning.
Yoga relaxation and meditation training teach you how to relax at will, allowing your body to release muscle tension almost as it occurs. Meditation training shows you how to access your inner source of strength and personal power, creating a support system that builds confidence and self-esteem, helps you learn to enjoy the present-moment, and increases self-awareness.
The choice to practice Yoga will help you control your high blood pressure as it contributes to greater general health and well-being.
Courtesy of the American Yoga Association | <urn:uuid:5b4bab5c-3db9-4977-a845-2f8a8d20373e> | 2013-05-24T01:30:07Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Lakers were up 26-15 with 3:25 left in the period when Bryant went to the bench. Thirty seconds later D'Antoni sat out Steve Nash. That left a lineup with Earl Clark as the lone starter along with Robert Sacre, Darius Morris, Antawn Jamison and Chris Duhon.
By the time the quarter was over, the Lakers were up by just two points.
"[Bryant] usually plays the first quarter but he wanted a quick blow at the three-minute mark, so it kind of messed up our rotation a little bit," D'Antoni said. "Kobe is normally out there with those guys."
D'Antoni had Bryant guarding Milwaukee's Brandon Jennings. The effort it took to shut down the high-scoring point guard left Bryant a little winded.
"It's shocking that he had to come out. I don't know if he's done that many times," D'Antoni said. "As a matter of fact, he asked for it. There was a timeout and then he said, 'I'm fine.' I said, 'No let me give you a quick blow.'"
The Lakers coach noted that he likes to have either Dwight Howard or Bryant on the floor with the reserve unit.
D'Antoni marveled at what Bryant has done recently while guarding opposing point guards. "What he's doing defensively and how he's setting the tone is incredible," the coach said.
Bryant certainly left an impression on Jennings.
"For the whole game, I don't think I've ever seen a guard put that much pressure on a point guard full-court," Jennings said. "It's probably the best defense anybody's played on me since I've been in the league. He was constantly putting pressure on me, touching me, and hitting me at all times . . . It was pretty difficult."
When Bryant is playing on the ball, he's an active engaged defender, dating back to his days with former coach Phil Jackson.
"I kind of grew up doing that in Phil's system, defensively just harassing the ball," Bryant said. "He liked to have the lead guard. That's something that I've become very familiar with doing."
Bryant isn't as focused when he doesn't have a challenging defensive assignment.
"When I'm playing off ball, yeah, it's a lot different," Bryant said. "You're playing somebody that's not very good and then they come out and have the day of their life and knock down four or five threes."
D'Antoni has somewhat neutralized the problem of Bryant playing a one-man zone on defense by challenging him to guard the opponent's best perimeter player.
With a major effort put into defending, Bryant may naturally rely on his teammates more offensively, providing better balance on both sides of the floor. | <urn:uuid:d935aafd-ea54-48af-a10c-533972d64352> | 2013-05-24T01:45:08Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Australian Bridge Federation Youth Committee is pleased to announce the following recipients of the major youth awards for 2011:
Andrew Reiner Trophy: Daniel Braun & Shane Harrison
This newly established award is granted to the best performed pair in the primary target international event taking account of performance in the event itself, commitment to preparation and contribution to team success.
Daniel Braun and Shane Harrison anchored the Australian Under-21 team to its victory in the Asia Pacific Bridge Federation Championships in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in June 2011.
Playing 22 of 25 matches their contribution was clear based on a commendable +0.36 imps per board against datums.
Away from the table they strongly supported their teammates with unwavering positive energy in the face of adversity in the first round-robin and were well prepared having practiced extensively on BBO under the mentorship of Nabil Edgtton in the months leading up to the event.
A special mention is made for Michael Whibley and Liam Milne who similarly anchored the Under-26 team to finish just one VP outside of the medals and went on to win the Open Pairs at the same event.
Andrew Reiner was a pioneer in establishing Australia's international youth representative programme in 1989. In addition to captaining the bronze medal winning Under-26 team in 1991 (which to this day remains Australia's best ever performance in a World Youth Team Championship) Andrew has made significant financial contributions to the youth programme over many years.
Helman-Klinger Achievement Award: Laura Ginnan
This annual award is presented to the Australian youth player whose ability, achievements, sportsmanship, attitude, contribution and commitment during the calendar year are most deserving.
The 2011 award was won by Laura Ginnan, who has been active in teaching in schools, establishing and operating a primary school GATEWAY programme, establishing and maintaining the VicYouth Facebook page, setting-up a weekly under 16s youth session in Melbourne, assisting with the regular Melbourne youth session, running a university bridge crash course and convening the ABF Youth Triathlon.
At the table Laura's 2011 results included: 2nd in the National Youth Teams, 2nd in the ANC Interstate Youth Teams, 6th in Victor Champion Cup, 3rd in the Victorian Open Pennant and 1st in the GNOT Swiss Pairs.
Special mentions are made for Andy Hung (refer below) and Stephen Williams who has been running a successful weekly programme at Sydney Girls High School for much of 2011.
Helman-Klinger Masterpoint Award: Andy Hung
This award, which players may only win won once, is granted to the Australian youth player who earns the most masterpoints in the calendar year in question. This year Andy Hung won with 248.61 masterpoints which included 2nd in the National Open Teams and a string of victories and strong finishes in congresses and state events in Queensland (most notably winning the four major pairs championships).
Other notable McCutcheon performances in 2011 included Liam Milne (159.50) and Max Henbest (154.66) who were 1st and 2nd respectively in the National Master category and Jamie Thompson (149.02) who was 1st in the Local Master category and 2nd in the overall "Improvers" competition.
Both Helman-Klinger Awards exist due to the generosity of Rabbi Leonard Helman, an American lawyer, prominent bridge enthusiast and philanthropist, who made a substantial donation to establish the prizes to honour Ron and Suzie Klinger's outstanding contribution to bridge in Australia.
Hills-Hurley Trophy: Sebastian Yuen & James Higgins
This trophy, donated by Richard Hills and Steve Hurley, is intended to encourage talented young bridge players in forming long-standing partnerships and reward successful pairs which have developed a well-organised partnership to harness their full potential. In 2011 Sebastian Yuen and James Higgins have continued their partnership of several years contesting various national youth and open events together with a number of strong performances on their local Canberra scene.
Highlights in 2011 included: 1st in the World University Online Championships, 2nd in the National Youth Teams, top youth team in the South-West Pacific Teams, 6th in the Victor Champion Cup, 2nd in the ANC Interstate Youth Teams and qualifying to represent Canberra in the GNOT. Whilst not the most successful youth partnership in 2011, they clearly fulfil the intent of the award based on the enduring nature of this partnership and the significant amount of ongoing work on system development and practice.
Special mention is also made in this category for Michael Whibley and Liam Milne who had a successful year including 1st in the National Youth Teams, 2nd in the National Open Teams, 1st in the ANC Interstate Youth Teams and 1st in the APBF Open Pairs.
Friends of Youth Bridge Fund Special Recognition Award for Services by a Youth Player to Youth Bridge: Andy Hung
For the second year running, Andy Hung has been a close second in the voting for the Helman-Klinger Achievement Award and in light of Andy's outstanding contribution to youth bridge over many year a decision was taken to grant a Special Recognition Award.
Andy is extremely generous with his time in mentoring and supporting up and coming youth players through BBO practice and speaking with young pairs at tournaments. In 2009 Andy spent many hours with Sam Schultz and Shane Harrison taking them from a relatively unknown pair to our top Under 21 pair in 2010.
More recently, Andy was the assigned mentor for Stephen Williams and Lauren Travis with whom he spent countless hours on BBO preparing that pair for their successful APBF campaign.
Andy has been a regular fixture on Australian representative teams since 2006 when Australia had its best performance in a World Championship at any level in 15 years making the semi-finals in the Under-21s at the World Youth Team Championships in Bangkok. Andy's Under-26 international successes include quarter-finals in the 2008 and 2010 World Youth Team Championships and victories in the 2007 and 2010 Asia Pacific Bridge Federation Championships.
Andy has forged close ties with youth players in Europe which has been invaluable in bringing new ideas and techniques to Australia's youth programme. Andy's connection to the European youth scene has attracted Alex Smirnov to the last two Australian Youth Weeks and Summer Festivals and helped secure Alex's services as Australian youth coach for 2012. Andy also set up a youth bridge website on which he posted regularly and which contributed to a more friendly, fun and unified youth scene in Australia. | <urn:uuid:33e9937e-922e-47c0-a9c4-398991cb170e> | 2013-05-24T01:31:26Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human hepatocellular carcinoma tissue reacted with MAPK13 polyclonal antibody (Cat # PAB2787) , which was peroxidase-conjugated to the secondary antibody, followed by DAB staining. This data demonstrates the use of this antibody for immunohistochemistry ; clinical relevance has not been evaluated. HC = hepatocarcinoma.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This kinase is closely related to p38 MAP kinase, both of which can be activated by proinflammatory cytokines and cellular stress. MAP kinase kinases 3, and 6 can phosphorylate and activate this kinase. Transcription factor ATF2, and microtubule dynamics regulator stathmin have been shown to be the substrates of this kinase. [provided by RefSeq
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It could be because your mind is opening up to the possibility of there being such things. Or maybe it's the time in your life when the supernatural
powers have decided to start communicating with you?
Often the beings will first give frightening encounters to awaken people to the fact that the beings are real, and to prevent the persons from getting
overly friendly with the beings.
The main thing is to never be afraid, no matter what they do. When they see you're not afraid then they'll maybe reveal their true natures to you.
Many apparitions are actually energy projections coming from aliens or other powerful beings.
Stay very cool and when you see an apparition just smile and say, "Is that all you've got?" They like it when you're strong because there is so
much for humans to learn once they get over their fears. | <urn:uuid:69a9fb21-d712-4b5c-9d93-67f78e9f7f0f> | 2013-05-24T01:45:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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reply to post by intrptr
Yeah, I have a thread discussing the damage. It is inconsistent with the head-on impact of a swept-back wing. Besides, the mass of the wing would be
like the straw striking the side of a barn sideways. With the mass spread out over its wingspan, penetration doesn't figure.
This is why missiles are essentially long, dense spears tipped with titanium. By concentrating their mass on a small point at impact, the missile can
penetrate. Same thing with bullets.
I like to use a spear analogy...throw a spear at a tree and it'll impale the tree. Throw the same spear at the tree sideways, and the spear won't
impale the tree. Same mass, same velocity, but because the mass of the spear isn't focused on a small point of impact, the damage is completely
The wings are the spear striking sideways against a forest of trees.
edit on 23-12-2011 by septic because: (no reason given) | <urn:uuid:d083f534-d820-452f-88f4-48d1204e5a5d> | 2013-05-24T01:37:39Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Born to Dianna Lovato, a former country recording artist, Demi Lovato wants to follow her mother's step by embarking a new career as a singer. She first hinted her move on a solo tour, "Demi Live! Warm Up Tour". Following that solo gigs, Demi joined Jonas Brothers in their 2008 summer tour, entitled "Burnin' Up".
In 2008, Demi has finally entered music studio with the Jonas boys, who contribute in the songwriting credit for her new materials. Titled "Don't Forget", the album is expected to hit the market on September 23 in the United States via Hollywood Records.
While waiting for the record's release date, Demi, who has celebrated her sixteenth birthday on August 20, released her first single "Get Back" live at ABC's "Good Morning America". The tune has so far peaked at number 43 in Billboard Hot 100 chart and reached number 16 in Hot Digital Songs chart.
Eager to promote her debut album, a week after releasing her lead single from her upcoming studio effort, the singer drops a music video in attempt to support the tune. Besides that, she is also booked out for a live performance along side teen peer Miley Cyrus for "Concert for Hope" at Universal City's Gibson Amphitheater in mid-November.
Her passion towards music is, furthermore, shown when she steps into song-writing room and crafts her own songs, such as "Stronger", "Open", and "Shadow". Commenting on her works, which has been featured in soundtrack album of Disney short series "As the Bell Rings", she describes them as "carrying dark music". | <urn:uuid:73391a5b-1594-4c25-9424-fb14733b161f> | 2013-05-24T01:41:10Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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JACKSONVILLE, Fla. -- A new lawsuit accuses the City of Jacksonville Fire and Rescue Department of discriminatory employment practices.
The Lawyers' Committee filed the action Thursday on behalf of the Jacksonville Branch of the NAACP and the Jacksonville Brotherhood of Firefighters. The organizations claim only 20 percent of local firefighters are Black, despite making up 30 percent of the city.
"A career in fire service is one of only a few career opportunities in Jacksonville that offers job security, economic stability, and a means of promotion without a college degree," counsel Kirsten Doolittle said in a statement, "We are committed to ensuring that there is an equal playing field for African Americans seeking to serve this community as paramedics and firefighters."
The Jacksonville Human Rights Commission investigated JFRD's practices after nooses were reportedly hung inside several lockers. In August 2006, the Commission's findings revealed widespread discrimination against African-Americans. | <urn:uuid:99bbb1d1-a3b5-478b-9f9d-cd3f143a43d6> | 2013-05-24T01:45:53Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Create some biomechanical cues to keep yourself moving well, such as "quick, light"; "strong and forward"; "rhythm from the arms" or "loose shoulders, open lungs." These cues are personal and should be meaningful for you. Share them with your supporters, as they will help give you energy when you are in the heart of the marathon.
Step 4: Review your pacing and nutritional strategy
When your blood glucose gets low from caloric deficiency, it's easy for the mind to start playing tricks on you. You might suddenly not feel hungry or thirsty, or you might become very emotional or very dull -- classic signs of bonking.
It is critical to have a pacing strategy supported by a nutritional strategy and to review it in your mind before the race. When will you eat, and where? Learn where the aid stations are, decide whether you will walk them or not and think about how it will feel to get running again after a stop.
Patiently running your correct, aerobic pace (as practiced in training) will help conserve muscle and liver glycogen, so check your splits along the way to make sure you are on track. Think about the telltale signs of bonking and how you will respond to work through a bonk if it happens -- by slowing the pace or walking and getting some extra hydration and nutrition in.
Step 5: Have a refocusing strategy
Inevitably, over 140.6 miles, you will go through hard, extra-challenging areas of the race, and chances are they will occur late in the bike and intermittently during the run. The best athletes are great at focusing and staying on task, and they are also great at problem solving when things aren't going well. If you get blisters or a cramp, or bonk or become bloated, your goal still remains doing the best job possible given the circumstances you are facing. Try to remain calm no matter what, get back on task as soon as possible and optimize what you can do right now, rather than stressing about what you can't do.
When Chris Lieto won Ironman Canada last summer, after posting a record-setting bike split, he was low on fuel and seriously fatigued. After battling back and forth with Simon Lessing over the previous seven hours, he found himself with a narrow lead but needing to walk in the heat to allow himself to absorb calories and fluid.
Initially, the goal for an athlete of his caliber was obviously to run the marathon and run it well. But in this case he recognized what he needed to do and decided that if he were going to walk, he would walk quickly. He did the very best he could until his legs came back around, and he ended up running well for the last six miles to take the win. By staying on task, problem solving and talking himself up despite the circumstances, Lieto took what his body would give him on the day. That's really all you can ask of yourself as an athlete.
- Predetermine an emotional reason for being out there, or a personal theme.
- Do a training camp on the course a few months before the event to learn and master the course. If that isn't possible, tour the course on race week and run portions of it in your race-taper sessions.
- It is important to be realistic but not fearful of the effort it will take to tackle the marathon. Be levelheaded in assessing your skills and abilities, as well. It is a recipe for disaster for you to expect to greatly exceed anything you have done consistently in training.
- Have a pacing strategy supported by a nutritional strategy and review it in your mind before the race.
- Try to remain calm no matter what, get back on task as soon as possible and optimize what you can do right now, rather than stressing about what you can't do. | <urn:uuid:3bb9d649-5a68-408c-9e71-8f728ebc8f6a> | 2013-05-24T01:36:38Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Paul Anka is remembered for hit singles including Diana, and for writing the words of My Way. His brother David, though less well known, had a distinguished career as a development economist. He advised African countries on import substitution and tariff barriers, and was known as 'Yeru' (wise leader) by the African recipients of his help.
Although long retired, his legacy still survives. Even today when development economists advise on import substitution and tariff barriers, the Africans will crowd round, chanting the name of their former 'wise leader.' "Yeru Anka!" they shout, "Yeru Anka! | <urn:uuid:03b7e77f-16a5-4b1b-8321-ba7b0305ba11> | 2013-05-24T01:45:38Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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It is the month of August, on the shores of the Black Sea. It is raining and the little town looks totally deserted. It is tough times, everybody is in debt and everybody lives on credit.
A rich tourist comes to town.
He enters the only hotel, lays a 100 Euro note on the reception counter and goes to inspect the rooms upstairs in order to pick one.
The hotel proprietor takes the 100 Euro note and runs to pay his debt to the butcher.
The butcher takes the 100 Euro note and runs to pay his debt to the pig farmer.
The pig farmer takes the 100 Euro note and runs to pay his debt to the supplier of his feed and fuel.
The supplier of feed and fuel takes the 100 Euro note and runs to pay his debt to the town's prostitute who in these hard times, gave her "services" on credit.
The hooker runs to the hotel and pays off her debt with the 100 Euro note to the hotel proprietor to pay for the rooms that she rented when she brought her clients there.
The hotel proprietor then lays the 100 Euro note back on the counter so that the rich tourist will not suspect anything.
At that moment, the rich tourist comes down after inspecting the rooms and takes his 100 Euro note, after saying that he did not like any of the rooms and leaves town.
No one earned anything. However, the whole town is now without debt and looks to the future with a lot of optimism..
And that, ladies and gentlemen, is how Europe and North America are doing business today. | <urn:uuid:78c1bdf5-f909-49cc-a28d-ca33027894c3> | 2013-05-24T01:45:27Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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I'm no war history buff but tactical strategies used in the past intrigue me. During the Trojan War, the Greeks couldn't muster up what was needed to get into Troy so they built a large wooden horse with a hollowed-out belly for soldiers to hide in. The Trojans marveled at the creation and ushered it into their city. That night, when people were asleep or in a drunken stupor, the Greek warriors came out from inside the horse and slaughtered the Trojans.
Mark Twain has said that while history doesn't necessarily repeat itself, it rhymes.
Alaskans go to the polls soon to cast their vote on Ballot Measure 1, an effort to create the Alaska Gaming Commission that will indisputably have the ability to expand gambling in our state.
Here's why the Trojan Horse analogy works.
Those pushing this measure have tried to expand gambling in Alaska legislatively and they've failed each time. This effort, they insist, is simply about enhanced regulation of current charitable gaming activities.
They state that Ballot Measure 1 will "only create a Gaming Commission" and that the "initiative, in itself, would NOT increase gambling in Alaska." Sounds a bit defensive doesn't it? If that truly is the case, why does Ballot Measure 1 say that "The Alaska Gaming Commission is established for the purposes of generating revenue for the state" and that the commission will have the ability to "authorize gaming activities"?
They claim that the "will of the people, not the Legislature, would decide what gaming activities would or would not be authorized." Really? Three members of the seven-person commission will "constitute a quorum for the transaction of business." And what is their business? Having "the authority to allow games of chance, such as lotteries and casino games, in the future." How do three people represent the "will of the people"?
What about the revenue they assert will be generated by additional gambling? That too, is a ruse. A former Nevada governor has said, "For years, our economy has depended almost exclusively on tourism and gaming (gambling), rather than by exporting goods and services. Implicit in this tax strategy was a belief that the revenues from gaming and tourism could keep pace with our growing and diverse population. Unfortunately, this strategy has failed. ... My fellow Nevadans, the lesson from the last 20 years is clear; our revenue system is broken because it has relied on regressive and unstable taxes (from gambling)."
While some Alaskans may consider gambling to be a harmless pastime, many underestimate the costs in dollars and human suffering associated with it.
Studies show that 2.5 million Americans are pathological gamblers, and another 3 million are problem gamblers with higher rates of suicide, depression, mania, alcohol and drug abuse, and arrest rates. According to the American Insurance Institute, gambling is the main cause of white collar crime, and is the third leading cause of individual bankruptcy in America. Is this the industry that promoters of Ballot Measure 1 say would create a "new, stable and consistent entertainment industry" in Alaska?
Why not just create the Alaska Prostitution Commission? That would certainly generate revenue, but at what cost? Someone once said that "It is good to have money and the things that money can buy, but it's good too, to check up once in a while and make sure you haven't lost the things money can't buy."
Gambling entices people with unrealistic hopes of escape from poverty through instant riches and it undermines the work ethic. It's based on the premise of something for nothing, a concept that sanctions idleness rather than industriousness.
Obviously, not all who gamble are addicts but the overall economic and social costs are shared by everyone. Alaskans should ultimately have the final say as to whether our government should be partially funded by gambling. Voting no on Ballot Measure 1 keeps Alaskans in charge of that decision.
Supporters of Ballot Measure 1 have presented a house of cards. Alaskans need to call their bluff by voting no on Tuesday.
Jim Minnery is president of the Alaska Family Council in Anchorage. | <urn:uuid:bb4705af-2360-4259-85da-b4cd97ac0f28> | 2013-05-24T01:31:29Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Hmm.. NTFS doesn't want to resize.. someone really needs to write a free app to do this.... one that I can fix instead of getting a stupid 'Unable to write batch file' message. What batch file? Where are you trying to write it? Why in fact, does a batch file need to be written? All questions I'd love to know the answer to. Maybe I should just buy an extra hard drive. | <urn:uuid:a67b0a56-ebb1-4c35-bac7-8307ca5a42fa> | 2013-05-24T01:36:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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In Situ Measurement and Equalization of Sound Reproduction Systems
The concept of frequency response is of basic importance to audio reproduction equipment. When analyzing electronic equipment, this characteristic is seldom a problem of measurement or interpretation. It is a problem, however, for acoustical transducers such as loudspeakers. Unlike electronic equipment which has both electrical input and output terminals, the loudspeaker has an electrical input terminal but an acoustical output. This acoustical output is further complicated by the fact that a room is always interposed between the loudspeaker and the acoustical measuring device. With the human as the ultimate evaluation instrument, various measurement and interpretation questions arise regarding frequency response, variations among listeners, and effect of program material. The major question, however, is just what the frequency response of a particular sound reproduction system should be. In order to answer these questions, several psychoacoustical experiments were devised, based upon a listener's ability to detect differences. These experiments and their results are described in detail as they relate to the following types of sound reproduction systems: 1) sound reinforcement systems, 2) studio monitoring systems, 3) home high-fidelity systems.
Click to purchase paper or login as an AES member. If your company or school subscribes to the E-Library then switch to the institutional version. If you are not an AES member and would like to subscribe to the E-Library then Join the AES!
This paper costs $20 for non-members, $5 for AES members and is free for E-Library subscribers. | <urn:uuid:7b2617cc-6307-4ec0-98f7-0e384c1e194d> | 2013-05-24T01:30:12Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Chelsea won at home for only the second time in the Premier League under manager Rafael Benitez as they held off London rivals Arsenal 2-1 at a snowy Stamford Bridge on Sunday.
Juan Mata gave Chelsea a sixth minute lead before Frank Lampard, whose Chelsea future remains uncertain, made it 2-0 from the penalty spot 10 minutes later after Ramires was brought down by Arsenal goalkeeper Wojciech Szczesny.
But Theo Walcott, fresh from signing a new Arsenal contract in midweek, brought the Gunners back into the match in the 58th minute when he outpaced Branislav Ivanovic and then shot powerfully past Petr Cech.
Arsenal pressed for an equaliser but European champions Chelsea clung on to all three points.
Chelsea's Juan Mata celebrates scoring during their match against Arsenal a Stamford Bridge on Sunday. Chelsea won at home for only the second time in the Premier League under interim manager Rafael Benitez as they held off London rivals Arsenal 2-1 at a snowy Stamford Bridge on Sunday.
This result saw Chelsea, booed off along with manager Rafael Benitez after squandering a 2-0 lead in a 2-2 draw at home to Southampton in midweek, remain third and Arsenal, who have won only one of their last five matches, stay sixth.
"It was very hard, the second 45 minutes," Mata told Sky Sports. "We were defending until the last minute. We knew that Arsenal never give up and even winning 2-0 might not have been enough. But in the end it was."
Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger had doubts about both Chelsea goals.
"I thought (Arsenal's) Francis Coquelin was injured for the first, and I'm not convinced at all that it was a penalty on the second goal.
"From what I've heard it wasn't at all," the Frenchman also said. "From the bench I did not see it well, but I've been told from people who have seen it on television that it was not a penalty."
Chelsea's English midfielder Frank Lampard scores their second goal during their English Premier League football match against Arsenal at Stamford Bridge in London, England on January 20, 2013. Chelsea put Arsenal's top-four challenge on ice with a 2-1 win over their London rivals at snowy Stamford Bridge on Sunday.
A frustrated Wenger added: "We made some changes at half-time and came out with a different attitude with much more initiative. We had Chelsea on the back foot but could not get it back to 2-2.
"We didn't make enough of our corners and free-kicks. Jack Wilshere can play that final ball and make a real difference -- he has it all in his locker."
Chelsea were left six points behind second-placed Manchester City, the reigning champions, with leaders Manchester United 10 points ahead of the Blues going into their match away to Tottenham Hotspur later Sunday.
"There is a big difference between the top of the table and us, but we are trying," Mata added. "We will try to get as many points as we can between now and the end of the season -- that's Chelsea."
Across London at White Hart Lane, the 1600GMT kick-off fixture between fourth-placed Tottenham and United was set to go ahead as scheduled following a pre-match pitch inspection just over an hour before kick-off.
Victory for United would see Alex Ferguson's men restore their seven-point lead over City. | <urn:uuid:a43db8c6-6523-460b-a334-0ccfb2aecbcd> | 2013-05-24T01:50:27Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Power-Society is where you can be whoever or whatever you want. You will have to excel to reach the top. A combination of strengths and intelligence will help you get there. As you explore your new world, opportunities will arise to guide you in a new dir
Power Society Sceenshot
No game image available. | <urn:uuid:96d8cb30-c7d4-4219-bc6d-d8cffa1fd80f> | 2013-05-24T01:50:15Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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AfriGeneas States Research Forum
Re: [AL] Barbour County Connections?
In Response To: Re: [AL] Barbour County Connections? ()
vkn, I appreciate your listing the index. Although I am familiar with some of the names,it does not contain any of the names I am researching. It looks like I will be taking a trip to Eufaula's local library. Thanks again.
Messages In This Thread | <urn:uuid:ffd1dc32-e2f4-449f-8744-4187b3e8c69e> | 2013-05-24T01:45:00Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Thomas Reid on Some Limitations of Free Will
This power is given by his Maker, and at his pleasure whose gift it is. It may be enlarged or diminished, continued or withdrawn. No power in the creature can be independent of the Creator. His hook is in its nose; he can give it line as far as he sees fit, and, when he pleases, can restrain it, or turn it whithersoever he will. Let this be always understood, when we ascribe liberty to man or to any created being.
Supposing it therefore to be true, That man is a free agent it may be true, at the same time that his liberty may be impaired or lost by disorder of body or mind, as in melancholy or in madness; it may be impaired or lost by vicious habits; it may in particular cases be restrained by divine interposition.
We call man a free agent in the same way as we call him a reasonable agent. In many things he is not guided by reason, but by principles similar to those of the brutes. His reason is weak at best. It is liable to be impaired or lost, by his own fault, or by other means. In like manner, he may be a free agent, though his freedom of action may have many similar limitations. | <urn:uuid:bcba8556-0f02-46cc-b4f8-056a0659de2f> | 2013-05-24T02:05:56Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The organic vegetable industry is flourishing due to consumers preference for organically grown produce over traditionally produced vegetables. As a result, an increase in the variety and selection of many vegetables in retail supermarkets and restaurants throughout many countries has occurred recently. With the new regulation (October 2000) requiring organic seed sources for organically labeled vegetables, many organic growers are searching for certified organic seed. Smaller seed companies have produced the majority of organically produced seed to date. The commercial seed sector is starting to provide a more diverse selection of cultivars, yet there are still many hybrids that are not yet available.
Organic farmers must use organic seed material if such seed are available. If not available, conventional seeds can be used. This request exists in all accredited standards for organic farming. In the EU-regulation on organic production methods, the derogation from the use of organic seed material will only exist until the end of 2003. After this date only organic seed material may be used according to the present formulation. Only a few countries in the EU have an organic seed production able to supply the market for organic seed material.
It takes many years to develop a well functioning market for organic seeds. It is therefore unlikely that the derogation for the use of organic seed material will not be extended, since a majority of countries in the EU will still have a need for conventional propagated seeds. However, it will be needed to have standards and control procedures ensuring that organic seeds will be used if available. This includes definitions of “availability”. There is a need in both EU and in accession countries to develop criteria for seeds health in organic seeds and other seeds not treated with fungicides and to implement inspection procedures to control that conventional seeds are only used when organic seeds are not available.
There are 251 different varieties of organic seed commercially available to organic farmers and growers, 98% of which are vegetable varieties and 1% are cereal varieties. There are no grasses or herbage legumes available. Of the major crops, only few of the varieties most commonly used by organic producers are currently available as organic seed.
In general view that organic seed was in short supply. Based on 1997 data, demand for organic cereal seed is likely to double, demand for vegetable seed will triple, and demand for grassland seed will increase 7 or 8 times. With the current trend in organic seed production, these demands will not be met at the end of the derogation period unless a massive increase in production takes place.
The problems associated with organic seed production could be broadly placed within three categories: 1) Marketing, 2) Technical and 3) Standards.
Many were only perceived problems (not actual ones) that could be overcome through education, training and discussion.
However, organic seed production must go ahead and that there are no real obstacles to cause delay.
Comments and recommendations for future actions
Press ahead with organic seed production.
More rigorous policing of the current derogation is required.
Make a rapid commitment not to extend the current derogation. Major improvements are required in organic variety testing to identify which varieties should be produced as organic seed.
Further work is required on pest, disease and weed problems specifically related to organic seed production. | <urn:uuid:d96d9677-5ae7-4922-a962-3be57b3d42cc> | 2013-05-24T01:29:38Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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by Helen Leong
A life of hard work as a gardener in San Francisco leads Leong Quong to become a prize-winning flower grower in Milpitas, California.
Leong Quong was born on March 12, 1897 in China. He was the fourth child and one of seven brothers. They all lived in a small village called Dow Moon, Ha Jow region of China. He was considered well educated in those days. He learned to read and write in (Cantonese) Chinese. He was a very good student and told he would become a successful person.
Photo of Leong Quong provided by Helen Leong
Place of Origin
Place of Settlement | <urn:uuid:9ed66484-0051-4b2a-9377-a06cad70a003> | 2013-05-24T01:57:04Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Squigee From Canada, joined May 2001, 652 posts, RR: 4 Posted (10 years 11 months 2 days 14 hours ago) and read 13708 times:
Just saw this on a website:
The C130 Hercules is a large 4 engine transport aircraft that is designed to land on short unprepared airstrips. To demonstrate just how little runway it needs a demonstration was staged in the 1950's. It landed, without any special arrestor gear, on an aircraft carrier. What is even more interesting is that I met a Hercules specialist at the Edmonton Aviation Museum and he told me that they then took off from the same aircraft carrier without reversing back to the end of the deck.
Trident From United Kingdom, joined Feb 2000, 484 posts, RR: 0 Reply 7, posted (10 years 11 months 2 days 9 hours ago) and read 12911 times:
I'm sure this experiment took place in the 1970's (1975/76?). Although it proved the feasability of such an operation, it has never been tried as a matter of routine. JATO (jet assisted take off) is a standard feature of most Hercules and is usually used to assist heavily laden aircraft take off. Note also that the carrier would have been steaming into the wind at at least 20 knots which would have a big effect on shortening the landing and take off runs.
Don't forget that in 1942, the USAAF bombed Tokyo with B-25 Mitchell bombers which took off from the USS Hornet.
Geert From Netherlands, joined Jul 2001, 48 posts, RR: 0 Reply 8, posted (10 years 11 months 2 days 9 hours ago) and read 13014 times:
Great video! But let's not talk about this landing as a very special thing. It just shows that the landing capabilities of planes like the hercules and large deck carriers match very well. The video doesn't amaze me with regard to the ease of the C130 handling, it makes it clear again how close the margins are for fast jets on carrier landings.
How come a fast jet landing looks easy to us and we are amazed by the C130? Kind regards!
Joewhi From Australia, joined Nov 2000, 140 posts, RR: 0 Reply 10, posted (10 years 11 months 2 days 7 hours ago) and read 12849 times:
The aircraft carrier was USS Forrestal and the trials took place in OCT 1963. They made 29 touch and go's 21 unarrested full stop landings and 21 unassisted takeoffs, quite a remarkable piece of flying. The pilot. Lt James Flately later received the DFC.
Here's the full story http://www.theaviationzone.com/facts/forrestal.htm
Broke From United States of America, joined Apr 2002, 1322 posts, RR: 4 Reply 13, posted (10 years 11 months 2 days 4 hours ago) and read 12771 times:
The only modification made to the C-130 for these tests was the installation of an anti-skid system. Because of the wing span of the C-130, the landing and take-off had to be displaced well to the left to avoid hitting the island structure. Because of this, the C-130 would not be able to use the standard visual/instrument landing system used on U.S. Navy carriers. As an aside, a U-2 also made some landings and take-offs from the Forrestal. Wing span, again, was a problem.
Go to http://www.airspacemag.com for 2 videos, one of an landing and the other of a take-off.
Dash8tech From United States of America, joined Jul 1999, 732 posts, RR: 7 Reply 15, posted (10 years 11 months 2 days 1 hour ago) and read 12641 times:
It should be added also that with the ship making 30 knots or so into the wind that displaces that much speed on the approach also. They need 38 knots across the deck for flight ops, sometimes to make that the ship needs to create it itself. Might have been a factor also.
MD88Captain From United States of America, joined Nov 2001, 1287 posts, RR: 22 Reply 17, posted (10 years 11 months 1 day 20 hours ago) and read 12552 times:
I believe that the test pilot Flately made Admiral during his career and there was more than one modification. I believe from my murky memory that the low pitch stop was cammed out to allow the throttles to be brought into the beta range while in the air. Beta is essentially the 0 thrust angle on the props but it is not reverse. By doing this reverse was available at touchdown instead on a couple of seconds after touchdown. Also I rememebr being told that the wingtip clearance on the tower complex was less than 10'.
MD88Captain From United States of America, joined Nov 2001, 1287 posts, RR: 22 Reply 20, posted (10 years 11 months 1 day 17 hours ago) and read 12628 times:
Since this was a test to see if the C130 could be used successfully to bring oversized cargo to carriers, they probably experimented with many different ship speeds. Balls out on a new nuke carrier is suppossedly over 40 kts and I've been told it is way over, but I think the published top speed is 30-35kts. On a no wind day the carriers will go fast to make wind over the bow.
BTW. It was determined that using a C130 to bring aboard engines and such was an accident waiting to happen and the project was abandoned.
Meister808 From United States of America, joined Jan 2000, 972 posts, RR: 1 Reply 23, posted (10 years 11 months 1 day 17 hours ago) and read 12485 times:
About the JATO system on C-130s-
I believe that the JATO program was suspended after a crash in the 70's in which the JALanding thrusters kicked on while the a/c was still 50 feet in the air or so, resulting in the a/c having no forward speed at all when it slammed into the ground.. the a/c was also badly damaged.
Of course, the Thunderbirds (ithink) have a JATO C-130 that they do demos with at airshows.
Twin Cessna 812 Victor, Minneapolis Center, we observe your operation in the immediate vicinity of extreme precipitation
LY744 From Canada, joined Feb 2001, 5536 posts, RR: 11 Reply 24, posted (10 years 11 months 1 day 16 hours ago) and read 12452 times:
I know Squigee, but that way we'll never get people to visit the military forum if all the cool stuff is already in Civil.
JATO (Jet Assisted Take Off) is still widely used on Herks all over the world AFAIK. The landing feature is probably not used, as Meister808 said. I think they considered using those in a plan to rescue the Iran hostages (something to do with landing a Spec Ops force in a C-130 on a soccer field with decceleration rockets and T/O with JATO).
Pacifism only works if EVERYBODY practices it
25 MD88Captain: You guys are thinking about two specially modified C130s that were made to land and take off in a soccer stadium. They were built for the Iran Hostage
26 2912n: The Blue Angels support A/C, a USMC C-130 nicknamed "Fat Albert" routinely shows off the JATO short field takeoff capability of the C-130. (Selfless p
27 Jwenting: JATO is hardly used at all. The system is quite dangerous (you're lighting explosives under your ass ) and causes a lot of stress on the airframe. I d
28 TEDSKI: My NYANG unit the 109th Airlift Wing out of Schenectady NY, uses the JATO on their LC-130H ski birds when the aircraft can't takeoff from the ice runw
29 Tomh: As you have learned, non of this stuff is really new. The USN operated land-based RATO-equipped P2V Neptunes from carriers until the AJ-2 Savage was a
30 Globemaster: On the Hercules Section of http://www.globemaster.de/airextreme/ there is also a picture of the Herc taking off from the carrier.
31 Drcv41: Hey guys, here's a web address for the picture of the usmc kc-130f on the deck of the Forrestal in oct of 63. Also there is a picture a U-2 on the dec | <urn:uuid:25ea8a3c-2275-444e-8346-506398c886d4> | 2013-05-24T02:06:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Take Success In Stride
We shouldn't let success go to our heads. This week's Torah portion (Deut. 8:11-14) reminds us that when things are going our way, we shouldn't get haughty or snotty over it, but should feel humbly grateful to God.
In our story, we see how a couple of kids react differently to good news.
Sherri was tucking the corners of her blanket into her camp bunk bed, when her friend, Gail, came bursting into the cabin.
"Guess what!" Gail said with her head held high.
"Guess!" Gail insisted. "I'll give you a hint. An incredible, amazing thing just happened to me."
Sherri looked at her, "Um, you saw some Martians land from outer space on the soccer field?"
Gail frowned. "No something real. But since you're not being serious, I'll tell you. I, me, yours truly, was just appointed to be the assistant-red-team-captain for this year's color war!"
"That's terrific," Sherri said with a smile.
"It's more than terrific," Gail went on, "It's an honor. It shows that the staff feels that I'm an excellent camper, with special leadership qualities, don't you agree?" Sherri nodded, as Gail continued. "Don't think I didn't notice the funny look you gave me when I first told you the news. I can tell you're jealous of me - and you should be - not just anyone has what it takes to be assistant captain of an entire camp team..." she looked down her nose at Sherri "...does she?"
Sherri drew in her breath, like she was about to say something, then she stopped and just shook her head.
Later on, as the kids lined up on the dock for their row-boating period, Sherri came over to Gail.
"Are we sharing a boat as usual?" she asked.
"Gee," Gail said, "I'm not sure. After all, when color war starts any day now, I'm going to be a very important person, you know. But I guess - for now - I'll do you a favor and let you join me."
"Thanks," Sherri said simply and climbed into the boat.
After rowing around the lake, Gail bragging non-stop about her good fortune and the talents that she had which made her deserve it, they got back to the dock. "Well it was fun rowin' and chattin' with you," Gail said, "but I don't know how much free time I'm going to have soon to talk to you once I start my important..."
Suddenly an air-raid siren-like tone started wailing over the camp loudspeaker system. At first the kids got scared, but seconds later, when a voice came over the speaker announcing that all campers immediately take their color war 'battle-stations' in the main assembly hall, the kids burst into cheering laughter.
Everyone scrambled to the assembly hall to get her team assignments. Gail, in her position as red-team assistant captain stood up on the stage. Suddenly she noticed that Sherri was standing next to her.
"Hi Sherri," she said, "it's great that you came up on stage to congratulate me, but I'm not sure that they allow regular campers..."
Suddenly the counselor in charge walked over, holding an official looking clipboard. "Okay, red-team captain, here's your complete list of activities and team members."
Gail started to reach for the clipboard, but the counselor walked right past her and placed it in Sherri's hands.
"You? You mean, you're the red-team ... Captain?"
Sherri nodded as Gail's mouth dropped below her chin. "Actually, I'm the one who suggested you as my assistant after they appointed me."
"But ... why didn't you put me in my place when I was doing all my dumb bragging?"
"Well, you seemed to be enjoying it so much," Sherri grinned to her assistant, whose red face perfectly matched her red-team visor cap. "Look on the bright side - at least we'll be having plenty of time to talk with each other this week, after all!"
Q. How did Gail feel when she found out she would be assistant captain?
A. She felt very proud of herself and wanted to brag.
Q. How did she feel when she found out that Sherri was captain?
A. She felt silly that she had been so braggy, when her friend, who had even more to brag about, had been so humble about it.
Q. What life-lesson do you think Gail learned that day?
A. She had become very full of herself when she found out she'd been selected as assistant captain, but she saw how conceited she'd been acting, especially when she saw how Sherri had taken even a bigger honor humbly and in stride.
Q. Do you think it's okay to brag about our accomplishments or what we have?
A. We certainly should feel good about ourselves, especially about when things go our way, but bragging can make others feel bad, which is something we shouldn't want to do.
Ages 10 and Up
Q. In your opinion, is haughtiness a sign of self-confidence?
A. It might come off that way, but generally, it's a sign of the opposite. A person who's confident inside doesn't feel the need to broadcast his or her talents or achievements.
Q. Is it ever appropriate to brag?
A. If our motivation is to spur others on to reach higher goals that are within their grasp and for their genuine good, then perhaps it's a positive thing. Other than that - no. | <urn:uuid:79f8aef8-34e1-40d7-b00c-f0b7c43f49b9> | 2013-05-24T01:51:11Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Founded as an electrical motor factory by
Ali Metin Kazanci in 1968, AKSA manufactured its first generator in 1984 and
became an expert in machinery and hardware for electrical energy supply in a
short amount of time. In 1994, Aksa community became corporate under the name
Kazanci Holding and reorganized, achieving its current structure. Aksa has been
the leader of generating sets market for a long period of time and is among
Turkey's largest 200 industrial companies and exporters. | <urn:uuid:2a4b9085-b7e8-41c5-987e-bf34195ec61e> | 2013-05-24T01:44:36Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Researchers at Salzburg's Mozarteum museum announced Friday that they have definitely identified the person in the picture as the musical genius.
And it's not any likeness either. They say that of 14 known portraits, it is one of only a few showing him gazing directly at the viewer and without his signature white powdered wig.
Expert Cristoph Grosspietch says the museum's findings are based on examinations of the portrait and historical records of the era.
He says the same experts concluded that another portrait, showing a youth holding a bird's nest, was not Mozart, as had been believed. | <urn:uuid:f0a837b7-55b3-46b7-8937-091da5c5da40> | 2013-05-24T01:51:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Controversial Muslim preacher Abu Qatada, who was arrested in Britain last week, appeared in court as a probe into an apparent leak of claims that he was planning to flee to Lebanon got under way.
Qatada, 48, father of five and once described as Osama bin Laden's right-hand man in Europe, has been convicted of terrorism charges in his homeland of Jordan. But Britain cannot deport him there due to a court ruling in May which found that if it did, he could face mistreatment.
Abu Qatada was taken into custody over the weekend for allegedly violating his bail conditions, according to British newspaper reports.
He appeared before a Special Immigration Appeals Commission (SIAC) hearing in London after being arrested Saturday.
Andrew O'Connor, the lawyer for the Home Office which wants his bail revoked, said that "inquiries were being made" into a report in The Sun newspaper that Qatada planned to flee Britain to Lebanon.
"If as it appears much of the report in Monday's edition of The Sun was based on a briefing from within the government, that briefing was unauthorized," he said.
"That report is of real concern and inquiries are being made."
Qatada's London home was searched a month ago and among the items found was a video showing him preaching about Islam in defiance of his bail conditions, the court was told.
But his lawyer Edward Fitzgerald said this actually showed him talking to his children about Eid and argued the evidence presented in public was "manifestly insufficient" to justify revoking bail.
Judge John Mitting agreed, although the hearing will also hear other evidence in private, when more sensitive intelligence material is likely to be discussed.
Born Omar Mahmud Mohammed Otman in the West Bank town of Bethlehem, Abu Qatada arrived in Britain in 1993 on a forged United Arab Emirates passport and claimed asylum, gaining refugee status in 1994.
He was arrested in 2002 and spent three years in a high-security prison in London.
At the end of the prison term he was released, although made subject to a control order -- a loose form of house arrest -- but returned to jail in August 2005 as part of a crackdown against Islamist extremism after the London bombings the previous month. | <urn:uuid:23fe4841-9c8d-4a92-9283-27ca27e343c1> | 2013-05-24T01:44:05Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Darfur opposition: Truce deal to facilitate upcoming elections
An official at Sudan's Justice and Equality Movement (Jem) on Sunday said the temporary truce deal the group inked with the government is aimed at facilitating the upcoming elections. According to Gibril Ibrahim, without a ceasefire agreement, "nobody would guarantee a peaceful election in Darfur".
"The government was quite worried about how these elections can be held in Darfur without a ceasefire. And they know that if Jem wanted to disrupt the elections it can do so," he told Al Jazeera. "Any reduction of violence makes life easier ... People can enyoy the safety. There's a big difference, of course.
"The fact that people have had to be displaced because of aerial bombing, if they get a ceasefire they would be staying in peace at least those staying in the villages."
Sudan is to hold its first multiparty elections in April for the first time in 24 years. A referendum to decide whether southern Sudan should become independent is to be held in 2011.
Jem, Darfur's largest opposition group, signed a "framework agreement" with the government on Saturday in Ndjamena, Chad's capital, setting out the terms for future peace talks. Omar Hassan al-Bashir, Sudan's president, said in a speech on state television: "Today we signed an agreement between the government and Jem in Ndjamena and in Ndjamena we heal the war in Darfur." | <urn:uuid:8556abf8-8de9-44fd-962e-f506a85b8cc3> | 2013-05-24T01:51:02Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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So if corn-fed cows tend to be less healthy in life, does that mean their beef is less healthy for us to eat? Would eating grass-fed beef be healthier for us in more ways than we think? Well that's one topic to ponder, but this blog post isn't actually about that. I came here today to make a different point entirely.
Read that article again. Read this paragraph again:
Studies have shown that corn fed beef (this includes meat and dairy) has lower nutritional value. It often contains more total fat, saturated fat, calories, and cholesterol. At the same time, it has a decreased amount of essential nutrients, such as vitamin E, vitamin c, beta-carotene, and omega-3 fatty acids. Grass fed beef, on the other hand, is lower in fat and calories. It has been shown that grass fed beef can have as much as 1/3rd less fat than corn fed beef. Additionally, it also contains more omega-3 fatty acids, which are the "good" fats. Omega-3 accounts for 60% of the fat found in grass fed beef.
Now make a parallel comparison between cows and humans. Cows that eat an unnatural diet are fatter and unhealthier. Cows that eat the foods that they were intended to eat are healthier. Humans that eat unnatural diets are fatter and unhealthier. Humans that eat foods that they were intended to eat are healthier. Take it one step further and say that humans are supposed to eat meat. (I know there is some debate, but guess what, we wouldn't have been born with incisors if we weren't supposed to eat meat!) Therefore, healthy humans should eat healthy cows! That's actually a side note.
The point I'm trying to make here is that we should be eating what our bodies were intended to eat. All the crap that sits on grocery store shelves is NOT healthy, no matter what the "made with whole-grains" or "healthy choice" labels say. And I'm not just preaching to you all, I'm talking to myself too. You can argue until the cows come home that you can't afford or don't have time to eat healthy but guess what, you can and do. Do your homework, plan your meals, you will not break the bank by eating the right way. And the benefits you'll see and feel in your body will make it all worthwhile.
If you're new to this blog, you'll quickly realize that I truly believe that the reason this country is so sick is directly related to what we eat. Autoimmune disease is a combination of genetic predisposition plus environmental factors. Sure there are a ton of environmental factors that COULD be the trigger, but there are thousands, maybe even millions, of people out there healing themselves through diet. I am one of them. I'm living proof. Doctors and scientists are starting to catch up but sometimes I feel that they can't see past the end of their noses. I feel like the answer is staring at them in the face but for whatever reason they reject it. It's up to us to take control of our health. "Let food be thy medicine, thy medicine shall be thy food" - Hippocrates - see, this isn't a new concept! | <urn:uuid:b46ea837-14ac-4a98-aaad-77fa37999ce1> | 2013-05-24T01:59:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Pressure cooking is a method of cooking in a sealed vessel that does not permit air or liquids to escape below a preset pressure. Because water's boiling point increases as the pressure increases, the pressure built up inside the cooker allows the liquid in the pot to rise to a temperature higher than 100 °C (212 °F) before boiling. The higher temperature causes the food to cook faster. Cooking times can be reduced by a factor of three or four. For example, shredded cabbage is cooked in one minute, fresh green beans take about five, small to medium-sized potatoes (up to 200 g) may be ready in five minutes or so and a whole chicken takes no more than twenty-five minutes. It is often used to simulate the effects of long braising or simmering in shorter periods of time.
A safety valve releases steam when the pressure exceeds the safety limit for the cooker; usually the steam pressure lifts a weighted stopper allowing excess pressure to escape. There is usually a backup pressure release mechanism, in the form of a hole in the lid blocked by a plug of low melting-point alloy. If internal temperature (and hence pressure) gets too high, the metal plug will melt, resulting in a release of the pressure.
A pressure cooker is often used by mountain climbers to compensate for the low atmospheric pressure at high altitude. Without it, water boils off before reaching 100 °C, leaving the food improperly cooked, as described in Charles Darwin's Voyage of the Beagle:
At the place where we slept water necessarily boiled, from the diminished pressure of the atmosphere, at a lower temperature than it does in a less lofty country; the case being the converse of that of a Papin's digester. Hence the potatoes, after remaining for some hours in the boiling water, were nearly as hard as ever. The pot was left on the fire all night, and next morning it was boiled again, but yet the potatoes were not cooked. I found out this, by overhearing my two companions discussing the cause, they had come to the simple conclusion, "that the cursed pot [which was a new one] did not choose to boil potatoes."
A larger scale version of a pressure cooker, used by laboratories and hospitals to sterilise biological waste materials, surgical instruments etc. is known as an autoclave.
The contents of this article is licensed from www.wikipedia.org under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details | <urn:uuid:29e9ecff-b194-466f-ad08-ec4c1d3bcd21> | 2013-05-24T01:50:51Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Greg Burk: Everyone Should Be Present
AAJ: The band kills on that record. It's the Either/Orchestra, it's a great ensemble, and everyone sounds great. But Rick McLaughlin, the bassist, is particularly fantastic. I always get pulled into his playing on the tracks.
GB: Rick is a fantastic bassist. He's like Swallow, in a way, that he's very melodically oriented, does his role as a bassist so conscious of melody. We did a trio recording together with Jeremy Udden, who plays alto in the Either/Orchestra, which was a great projectkind of inspired by the Giuffre trios. That's on Accurate Records. It's Rick's CD. Russ [Gershon] has the magic ability of bringing everyone's best out, and it's not an easy thing to do when you're balancing such diverse personalities and tastes in music and whatever with ten people. Moods. And he even had the nerve to bring an acoustic bass to Africa; traveling with an acoustic bass is a nightmare anywhere, and to bring it to Africa took nerve. It took nerve on Rick's part, too, obviouslyand with the help of a few sedatives, he made it through the trip [laughing]. But the Either/Orchestra was a great experience for me musically because I was doing mostly straight-ahead gigs at that time and it was a good working space for mea musical playground. Russ is really open, and I had to think of other ways to accompany people and ensemble playing. It was really challenging musically.
AAJ: You also played some electric piano with that band.
GB: Yeah, I played some Rhodes and Moog synthesizer. I enjoy playing those instruments. I wish I could do it more, but it's such a pain to move them around! The Rhodes in particular; sometimes I play with the Moog on the piano in a small group setting. I don't have anything against those instruments.
AAJ: You relocated to Rome pretty recently after some years in Boston. Although at times I think that Europeans support jazz more than we Americans do, I still have to ask how living in Rome is working out for you as a jazz pianist. Do you work a lot? Are there lots of musicians to play with?
GB: Rome is the jazz center of Italy for sure and there are a lot of musicians here. Because it's such a great country to be in, almost every jazz musician has spent quite a bit of time here. Chet Baker lived here for a while. So the musicians here have played with all the touring American musicians. They're very developed musically. There's the same thing going on here that's going on elsewhere in that there's a bebop revival, hard bop revival, that's at the front of the music scene here. A couple, Stefano Di Battista and Flavio Boltro, have Blue Note recording contracts. They're great players. Italy's a country that has an incredible history and people are very fascinated by history and the past. It's almost like the past validates the present, and that's kind of reflected in the jazz scene at the moment. Part of that might just be economic reality as well, but there's a lot of places to play. The mayor just opened up the Casa del Jazz, which is a state-sponsored place, a whole center. They have a library and auditorium, rooms for musicans, an outdoor parkit's unbelievable. And it's all for jazz! State-sponsored so they don't have to worry about filling seats. I'm sure they do on some level, but it's intended to be artistically motivated. So Rome, it's got its ups and downs; I'm still trying to figure it out. They say "when in Rome, do as the Romans do, but I'm still trying to figure out how the Romans do it [laughing].
Visit Greg Burk on the web.
Greg Burk Trio, Nothing, Knowing (482 Music, 2005)
Either/Orchestra, Ethiopiques 20: Live in Addis (Buda Musique, 2005)
Greg Burk Quartet, Carpe Momentum (Soul Note, 2004)
Rick DeMuzio, First Offerings (Independent, 2004)
Either/Orchestra, Neo-Modernism (Accurate, 2003)
Rick McLaughlin Trio, Study of Light (Accurate, 2003)
Greg Burk Trio, Checking In (Soul Note, 2002)
Either/Orchestra, Afro-Cubism (Accurate, 2002)
Greg Burk, Progressions and Digressions (Independent, 2001)
Spajazzy, Spajazzy (Spajazzy, 1998)
Either/Orchestra at the National Theatre in Kampala
Note: Group Photo (L-R) Steve Swallow, Greg Burk, Bob Moses | <urn:uuid:f5f51234-7f3d-42c1-ab4f-f645c262733a> | 2013-05-24T01:59:24Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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From the next site;http://www.ostia-
antica.org/dict/topics/excavations/excavations10.htm You will read;
"In 1598 pope Clemens VIII gave permission to search the ruins of Ostia and Portus for marble, to be used in St. Peter's: Lapides antiquos et marmoreas extrahi faciendi quotquot haberi poterunt ex Portuensi et Hostiensi civitatibus, eorumque portubus, et agris absque licentia.
In the sixteenth century many fake inscriptions were made by Pirro Ligorio (c. 1510 - 1583). In the Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum 69 are described, mostly found in Portus. From the fifteenth to eighteenth century promising ruins were searched by foreign visitors for inscriptions and statues. These ended up in private collections in England, France, Portugal, Spain and Russia, and are now mostly in national museums. In 1774-6 and 1778-9 the Scottish painter Gavin Hamilton was active near the Porta Marina, particularly in the Terme di Porta Marina.
In 1775 he wrote the following to Lord Townsend:"
"Being desirous of trying my fortune somewhere near the sea, I agreed with Cardinal Serbelloni, then Bishop of that place, who granted me liberty to make some trials in that immense field of antiquity. I got as near the Sea as possible, judging it the most probable place to find objects of taste. We opened ground on a spot now called Porta Marina [this is a reference to the brick piers of the apse to the north of the frigidarium - jthb]. From the figure of the ruins they proved to be the remains of publick Thermae Maritimae, and from the inscriptions which were found of an unusual size, it seems those Baths had been restored by different Emperors down to Constantin. I gave a very elegant one of the time of Trajan to Carlo Albagine [disappeared - jthb], but what gave me greatest hopes was to find some marks of my friend Hadrian, the great protectour of fine arts and in particular that of Sculptour. I did not remain long in suspense, for the first Statue that was brought to light was the fine Antinous in the character of Abundance, perhaps the finest of that subject in the world. Mr. Bary tells me it is arrived safe at his house in England, and where I hope by this time you have had the pleasure to consider it. Near this Statue was found a very indifferent one of an Esculapius, and a large statue of his daughter Hygea, very entire, and of a great deal of merit; this Statue was sold with some other pieces of good sculptour to the Langrave of Hesse Cassel. We found next a most excellent Torso under the knees, of which there is a duplicate at the Capitol...
Little more of consequence was found at Porta Marina, as I found that others had been there before me, so we proceeded to another Ruin on the sea shore, which from some fragments found above ground gave great hopes. A Bath [the same building or perhaps the Terme Marittime (III,VIII,2) - jthb] was first discovered with the pavement of Verd antique and a fine Torso of a young man of which most of the other parts were found much broke, excepting the Head...
Your small Venus holding a mirror is another of the precious ornaments of this Bath; four of the Labours of Hercules were found at some little distance from this place, which being very entire, and with their proper emblems, now add to the lustre of the Pope's Museum, to which I may add that tasty Tripod of Apollo, found near where we discovered your Mother of Venus and Muse, which, as they are in every respect two of my happiest discoveries, I am very happy that they should fall into so good hands as your own, especially as they make part of those select pieces of art which I hope will in time establish a good taste in England."
(Meiggs 1973, 103-104)"
Does any of the above seem somewhat suspicious?
Perhaps one might well read all of the site mentioned above, for a little more educated opinion?
Edited by opuslola - 27-Jan-2011 at 13:38 | <urn:uuid:0e2dc6ba-b76b-4d8a-ac57-c60a74deea53> | 2013-05-24T02:04:33Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Based on the novel by Ernest Hemingway, For Whom the Bell Tolls is a romantic drama set against the turbulent tapestry of the Spanish Civil War. Gary Cooper plays Robert Jordan, an idealistic American fighting with a Spanish guerilla band. He is assigned to blow up a crucial bridge in order to halt the enemy's progress. He falls in love with Maria (Ingrid Bergman), a young peasant girl who's joined the fight after being ill-used by enemy troops. Pablo (Akim Tamiroff), the eternally drunken leader of the guerillas, resents Jordan's attentions toward Maria, and he refuses to help Jordan in his sabotage work. Pablo's wife Pilar (Oscar-winner Katina Paxinou) takes over command of the guerillas and helps Jordan by arranging horses for the band's departure after their job is done. The man supplying the horses (Joseph Calleia) is killed, and Jordan is left to finish his task minus a means to escape. For Whom the Bell Tolls was a long, faithful adaptation of the Hemingway novel, with excellent performances, torrid love scenes, and first-rate Technicolor photography. Available for many years only in the 130-minute reissue version, it was restored to nearly its full original length of 168 minutes.
by Hal Erickson synopsis | <urn:uuid:3ac7a6d3-e960-48af-8654-56d0666f2f66> | 2013-05-24T01:29:52Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Refess isn't any color, the fact you want to refer to it as a color at all is Magic's influence on you since in Alteil clan's are referred to by their name, not color, referring to a clan by its color is a Magic thing.
Yeah, but to many it's because of the names are confusing, and to a new player the name can be just some random garble of letters that sounds ugly.
Therefore most people have it easier to identify their religion (my impression of it) by the colours they have in their "logo". Easier to grasp. I had no idea that Magic the gathering went by green/black/white and such, thought they went by names such as "Grass/fire/Water/darkness and such.
I've mistakenly called Gowen for: Gallow, Gowan, Gawon (Reminds me of Ganon), Gakow and so on. And there are more.
But now, I know them all by reading the thread names of each religions strategy thread, that I see daily. | <urn:uuid:17c8fa7f-51e4-4664-af38-d70ad32bb461> | 2013-05-24T01:36:53Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Restrictions of freedom
The reasons for involuntary internment
According to §6 of Act No. 576 on Healthcare, health-related services and on the amendment and supplementing of certain laws of 22 September 2004 (HHS), inpatient care can be provided without informed consent if:
- the person has a mental illness or symptoms of a mental defect AND
- poses a threat to him/herself or to his/her environment, OR
- there is a risk of serious deterioration of his/her state of health.
The procedure for involuntary internment
If a patient is admitted to hospital for inpatient care without his/her informed consent, the healthcare provider must notify a court covering the territory of the inpatient health care facility within 24 hours. The court then rules on the legitimacy of the reasons for taking the person into inpatient care. Until the Court has made a decision, only life-saving medical care or measures to protect the person’s surroundings are permitted (§9 (4)).
Duration of involuntary internment
As soon as the reasons for involuntary admission cease to exist, either the patient must be released or s/he (or his/her legal representative/tutor) must consent to the further provision of health care (§9 (5)). In the case of a person who is unable to consent, their legal representative must be notified before they are released.
There does not seem to be any mention of a set time limit after which the involuntary admission must be reviewed.
Last Updated: mercredi 14 mars 2012 | <urn:uuid:3ea8135e-52ca-4bb3-9b82-d0a9350e161a> | 2013-05-24T01:51:41Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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In a way, this is the best possible version of the WTC to someone who is looking for a balanced, deep and totally honest version.
The harpsichord is a beautiful Flemish-French (recent research shows it is rather more French than Flemish) harpsichord (Gilbert's own) that has a marvelous sound: rich and deep, and yet bright and clear.
Professor Gilbert's version is as new now as it was when it was released. It is totally respectful of the music (you won't find eccentricities, here, just the music but superlatively played). He has a very cantabile sense of the music - every voice is respected - and his Bach is phrased almost as a dance, rather than as gesturing. He seems to belie Leonhardt, when the Dutch says that the piano was meant to sing and the harpsichord to speak; in Gilbert's hands, it really sings).
Do not expect strong chords, abrupt contrasts or anything like that. Gilbert's version is for the connoisseur rather than the Fireworks enthusiast. If you examine, in detail, the way he plays, you will find that every voice is subtly sung, that the amount of work and serious thought he lavished into Bach's music is prodigious.
One of the top versions of the WTC (this is valid to both WTC I and II) | <urn:uuid:8049f157-0e32-4837-b74b-eff14dac21de> | 2013-05-24T01:32:23Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Awakening to Reality (Wuzhen pian) is one of the most important and best-known Taoist alchemical texts. Written in the eleventh century, it describes in a poetical form, and in a typically cryptic and allusive language, several facets of Neidan, or Internal Alchemy. This book contains a translation of the first part of the text, consisting of sixteen poems, which provide a concise but comprehensive exposition of Neidan. In addition to notes that intend to clarify the meaning of the more obscure points, the book also contains selections from Liu Yiming's commentary, dating from the late 18th century, which is distinguished by the use of a lucid and plain language.
Table of Contents
Selections from Liu Yiming's Commentary, 75
Textual Notes, 89
Glossary of Chinese Characters, 95
Works Quoted, 101 | <urn:uuid:b189030c-8cc6-42ca-9bf2-497d220b8c0e> | 2013-05-24T02:06:41Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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1. Why does Reverend Cole refuse to pray over the injured train passengers?
- God has abandoned Hell on Wheels
- He can't stand the sight of blood
- He's lost faith in God
- Only the dead deserve prayers
2. Why does Durant ask Joseph to join the search party?
- As an offering to Pawnee Killer
- Because Joseph would be killed if he stayed in Hell on Wheels
- To lead the group to his father's camp
- To make sure the men can survive in the wild
3. Joseph joins the search party on one condition. What is it?
- Griggs must let Elam come along
- Joseph must always walk ahead of the others
- Joseph must have time alone with his father
- No harm comes to the women and children
4. What does Durant tell Cullen to do with the Cheyenne renegades?
- Ignore them
- Kill them
- Negotiate with them
- Torture them
5. Why does Elam feel it's now safe for him to sleep with the whores?
- He has a gun
- He's rich
- The Irish are gone
- Toole is dead
6. Cullen asks Elam to join him on the hunt for Cheyenne rebels as a...
7. What memento does Joseph give Ruth before he rides off to find his brother?
- A kiss
- A lock of hair
- An arrow
- His hat
8. Griggs tells Cullen he's got something that proves the Union won at Antietam. What is it?
- A scorched Confederate flag
- A Confederate saber
- A Confederate soldier's jacket
- A house near Antietam Creek
9. What did Ruth's mother tell her was Reverend Cole's "one true love?"
10. How does Joseph give his village a chance to escape before the search party arrives?
- Leads the soldiers in circles
- Makes the soldiers rest often
- Sends up smoke signals
- Shouts a warning
11. Finish the Durant quote: "Half the men out there are killers. Half are accomplices..."
- All of them are afraid of Bohannon.
- All of them are building my railroad.
- None of them is worth a nickel.
- Why should I care which is which?
You've earned 0 points in this quiz so far. | <urn:uuid:7c795fce-8206-455e-a7ba-09f44743d51a> | 2013-05-24T01:29:55Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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by Erik Deckers
American Reporter Humor Writer
April 1, 2012
CHRISTMAS PHOTOS RUIN CHRISTMAS SPIRIT
INDIANAPOLIS, Ind. -- "Sit down with your mother, kids. It's time for Christmas card pictures."
"Yes, it's August, but I figure it will take you three months to hold still."
"Buddy, quit wiggling. Sit up straight."
"Wait, the camera was in sleep mode."
"Okay, hold on, let me set the timer."
"Buddy, sit up. Quit laying on your sisters."
"Because no one wants to see you flopped over at Christmas. You sit here in the middle, and quit flopping on everyone."
"Sweetie, why aren't you wearing your sweater? Don't wear that shirt."
"No, Star Wars does not celebrate the meaning of Christm=97Honey, shut off your iPod and take out your earbuds."
"No, Sweetie, your basketball shirt doesn't either." "Why can't you just put on the Christmas sweaters everyone else is wearing?"
"It's not hot in here!"
"Because I cranked up the AC. No one should be hot."
"Because you guys are stressing me out."
"Sweetie, put on your sweater."
"Okay, let me set the - dammit, it's in Sleep mode again."
"Hold on. Nobody move. I've just got to set the timer."
"Wait, I can't find it."
"Yes, I've read the directions. It's just been a while since I've used the timer."
"Because you don't use the timer on action shots. I take photos of things that are happening right at the spur of the moment. Real photographers don't do timers."
"I am too!"
"Because I have a photojournalist's vest and my camera has a removable lens."
"Found it. Okay, are you guys ready?"
"Honey, don't text during picture time."
"Because it's Christmas."
"Yes, I know it's August. Pretend it's Christmas so we can all get in the Christmas spirit."
"Sweetie, put your stuffed dinosaur down. He can't be in the picture."
"No, they weren't in the nativity."
"I don't care what Aunt Martha said. Dinosaurs lived millions of years ago, not thousands."
"Buddy, sit up! Honey, put your phone away. "
"What? I am in the Christmas spirit."
"I'm just trying to take a happy picture of a happy family, and I can't get the kids to cooperate."
"I am happy. See, I'm smiling."
"I am not constipated."
"I've got my sweater on, I've got Jingle Bells playing in my head, and I've already decided what to get you for Christmas."
"Now, let's get this =97 dammit, sleep mode!"
"Alright, I'm setting it. No dinosaurs, no cell phones, and everyone is sitting up straight. Ten seconds from ... Now!."
"Slide over, Sweetie."
"Buddy, sit up!"
"Honey, can you go without your cell phone for 10 seconds?"
"Okay, here we go, everyone smile!"
"Let me see how it looked."
"Hold on, you blinked, Dear."
"Let's do it again."
"There's a two-second timer, but I'm pretty sure our friends and family don't want to see my butt for Christmas."
"I've never done that!"
"That was a complete accident. She shouldn't have been looking in the front door."
"Okay, one more try. Ten seconds starting. . . give me that freaking phone! Give me that stupid dinosaur, and if you don't sit up, dude, I'm going to hang you upside down by your ankles for this picture! Now, everyone cut it out and straighten up so we can get this stupid thing done and get back to our summer."
"Because this is a happy family occasion! Now everyone get in the Christmas spirit, before I get really mad!"
"Here we go. Ten seconds."
"I'm not being a grinch, I'm just trying to - *click* - dammit!"
AR Humor Writer Erik Deckers is a professional blogger, book author, award-winning playwright, travel writer, and humor columnist in Indianapolis, Ind. | <urn:uuid:fc8701ab-b1eb-4ebb-8357-b5d7f48bd6b3> | 2013-05-24T01:30:03Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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backward and forward both run to need may they ,faster run to are computers If
A Turing machine is fine for reasoning about computers, but it's not
an ideal model for building them. Some more practical components of
reversible logic were introduced in the 1980s by Edward F. Fredkin
and Tommaso Toffoli, who were then working together at MIT. (Fredkin
is now at Carnegie Mellon University, Toffoli at Boston University.)
The components are logic gates, somewhat like AND and OR gates but
designed for reversibility.
In any reversible gate the number of inputs must equal the number of
outputs. Moreover, each possible set of inputs must yield a distinct
set of outputs. If this were not the case—that is, if two or
more input patterns had the same output—then the reverse
action of the gate would be ambiguous.
The devices now known as the Fredkin gate and the Toffoli gate
(see illustration on page 109) both have three inputs
and three outputs; and, as required for reversibility, each input
pattern maps to a unique output. In the Fredkin gate, one signal
controls whether the other two data lines pass straight through the
gate or else have their positions swapped. In the Toffoli gate, two
of the signals control the third; if the first two bits are both 1,
then the third bit is inverted.
Like the NOT gate, both the Fredkin and the Toffoli gates are their
own inverses: No matter what the values of the three input signals,
running them through two successive copies of the same gate will
return the signals to their original values. Both gates are also
computationally universal, meaning that a computer assembled from
multiple Fredkin or Toffoli gates (and no other components) could
simulate a Turing machine or any other device of equivalent
computational power. Thus the gates might be considered candidates
for a real reversible computer.
Of course logic gates are still just abstract devices; they have to
be given some physical implementation with transistors or other
kinds of hardware. Starting in the early 1990s, several groups have
been designing and building prototypes of reversible (or nearly
reversible) digital circuits. For example, at MIT a group including
Michael Frank and Thomas F. Knight, Jr., fabricated a series of
small but complete processor chips based on a reversible technology;
Frank continues this work at Florida State University. At the
University of Gent in Belgium, Alexis De Vos and his colleagues have
built several reversible adders and other circuits.
It's important to note that building a computer according to a
reversible logic diagram does not guarantee low-power operation.
Reversibility removes the thermodynamic floor at kT ln 2,
but the circuit must still be designed to attain that level of
energy savings. The current state of the art is far above the
theoretical floor; even the most efficient chips, reversible or not,
dissipate somewhere between 10,000 and 10 million times kT
ln 2 for each logical operation. Thus it will be some years before
reversible technology can be put to the ultimate test of challenging
the three-zeptojoule barrier. In the meantime, however, it turns out
that some concepts derived from reversible logic are already useful
in low-power circuits. One of these is charge recovery, which
attempts to recycle packets of electric charge rather than let them
drain to ground. Another is adiabatic switching, which avoids
wasteful current surges by closing switches only after voltages have
had a chance to equalize.
» Post Comment | <urn:uuid:53d5592b-4089-4273-9d8d-fc7396e4e75d> | 2013-05-24T01:50:59Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Stay at the always affordable and comfortable rooms of Americas Best Value Inn when planning an exciting vacation to an amusement or water park. Our hotels are conveniently located near over 100 of the country's most popular amusement and water parks.
There is no better feeling than escaping the heat and relaxing in a lazy river, which you can find in the majority of the water parks. Or maybe you are looking to ride a fast-paced, exhilarating roller coaster. When the day is done and you are ready to relax, Americas Best Value Inn will provide you with: | <urn:uuid:3b0e5359-4885-4994-b446-0be42d6156ad> | 2013-05-24T01:57:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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BENNY RUSSELL & FRIENDS
Benny Russell, sax
George Gray, drums
Blake Meister, bass
Alan Blackman, piano
Tickets: $12/$10 students
When reedman Benny Russell was 15 years old he took his first major step toward what has become a prolific music career--one that embraces a range of styles that span R&B, jazz, gospel and classical music. As Russell tells it, his brother David, who was attending Morgan State University at the time, was instrumental in setting him on this path. "I was still in high school when David asked the director of Morgan State's Jazz Ensemble if I could sit in," he reports. "The director said I was welcome if I could play." Evidently Russell could play. He ended up sitting in with the school's concert and marching bands on clarinet, and continued to perform on several reed instruments with the jazz ensemble until his own graduation from Morgan State. He now recognizes those years as a pivotal time in his musical life. "It was in the University's jazz ensemble," Russell recalls, "where my composing and arranging ambitions really took flight." Born February 21, 1958 in Baltimore, Maryland, Russell started clarinet lessons at age 7 under the instruction of Mr. James H. Holliman.
At 12 he began playing tenor. And by the time he was 15, sitting in with the Morgan State bands, Russell was playing tenor, alto and soprano saxophones as well as clarinet, bass clarinet and flute. 1976 was the year he became a full-time undergraduate student at Morgan State, and during that time he also started gigging for the Manhattans, the Four Tops, and Richard "Groove" Holmes in addition to several other artists who toured the area. Shortly after his college graduation, Benny moved to New York and quickly formed a jazz orchestra called the NEW YORK ASSOCIATION--a seventeen-piece ensemble that featured such noted jazz artists as trumpeters Cecil Bridgewater and Tom Harrell, saxophonist John Purcell, trombonists Steve Turre and Robin Eubanks, pianist Onaje Allan Gumbs, and drummer Mike Clark. Since then, Russell has been steadily building an impressive list of credits. Besides arranging and performing for off-Broadway shows like Beehive, he's worked with Otis Rush, Harry Belafonte, Mino Cinelu, Craig Harris, Jimmy Owens, Junior Cook, Mor Thium and a host of others. Russell can also be heard on The Cosby Show and A Different World. In 1995 Russell chaired the jazz division at the Brooklyn Conservatory of Music, where he also taught jazz history. While working at the Conservatory, he was able to launch a string of other cultural activities that served Brooklyn, including a program of workshops for high school students in the Brooklyn public school system, the Charlie Parker Birthday Festival, and regular performances with the Next Legacy Orchestra. Next Legacy Orchestra is a big band for which Russell writes and arranges as co-director with saxophonist Jorge Sylvester. He first worked with this group when it was known as the David Murray Big Band. When Murray decided to move to Paris in '96, he asked Russell to take on the role of leader, the name was changed and the group got a home on the Conservatory's stage. After a recent performance there, the Next Legacy Orchestra was described by New York Times critic Ben Ratliff as "one of the best overlooked bands in the city."In February, 2002, Russell presented his work Langston Hughes: The Soul of His Words to a large audience at the Museum of Natural History in New York. The three-movement piece written for 19 piece Jazz orchestra and three actors was received with a standing ovation and a citation from the Borough President Marty Markowitz of Brooklyn, New York. In February 2004, the piece was extended to five movements and received equally as well at the St. Francis College in Brooklyn, New York.In February 2005, Russell was commissioned to write a Jazz score for Zora Neale Hurson’s play Cold Keener and it was received well at Baltimore’s Loyola College.
In June 2004, Russell was hired to chair the Jazz department at the Maryland Conservatory of Music. Already he has produced a successful Count Basie 100th Birthday Celebration that featured the legendary Frank Foster and Grammy award winners Antonio Hart and Mark Gross. Presently, he is signed to Arabesque Records and is working on his second release entitled Miracles which features James Spaulding, Cecil Bridgewater and many other luminaries. On April 4, 2008, Benny Russell along with a committee of concerned community activists as well as others from the clergy are having a march in Northwest Baltimore to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the assasination of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The march serves as a moratoium on inner city violence. Featured will be a Jazz Orchestra and chourus playing arrangements written by Mr. Russell.
The George Gray Project was created and formed by George A. Gray, Jr. George Gray was born and raised in Baltimore, Md. And began pursuing his dreams within the music field at the age of 6 in elementary school playing the bongos and this was only the beginning. All through junior high George participated in the jazz ensemble, the Falcon Drum & Bulge Corp which was a competitive drum corp. Later in senior school as well when attending Morgan State University George was involved with the school's marching band with being the drum section leader of the bands. And also attended Peabody Conservatory of Music in Baltimore, MD.
After college George became the drummer for the Maurice and Verdine White discovery "Pockets". This groups was produced and managed by Verdine and Maurice White of Earth, Wind & Fire and their organization with three recordings under Columbia/Kalimba Records. This group opened up for the Deniece Williams and Earth, Wind & Fire tour "AllNAll" in 1976-77. Later this group toured with a number of household R&B, Soul and Funk acts as Chaka Khan, the Brainstorm, Camero, Teddy Pendergrass, Jeffrey Osborne, Weather Report, the Emotions, Atlantic Starr and the list continued on.
After being a member of Pockets for 5 years George then pursued a career as a freelance all around drummer for style of playing ranging from R&B, Pop, Fusion, Jazz and any style that displayed his artistic drumming ability. At this point George worked with such household name groups at the time as T-Connection, Peaches & Herb, E,W&F, Stevie Wonder, Chuck Berry, Sam & Dave, Mary Wilson of the Supremes, Talking Heads, Stephanie Mills, Deniece Williams, Maurice Hines and many others of the R&B vain.
Later George ventured more into a jazz/fusion scene while living in Baltimore, MD to then work with a host of artist as Gary Bartz, Richard "Groove" Holmes, Jimmy Witherspoon, Brooks Benton, Leon Thomas, Flor Purim, John Abercombie, Dave Samuels and the list of others. Soon George moved to Brooklyn, NY in the early 90's where he entered a much deeper field of playing artistry to work with such entertainers as Cassandra Wilson, Onaje Allan Gumbs, Will Downing, Abdullah Ibrahim, Carla Cook, Vanessa Rubin, Frank Foster, Jimmy Smith, Dwight Sills, Jann Parker, Sathima Bea Benjamin, Carmen Lundy, Angela Bofill, Stanley Jordan, Ronnie Jordan and more to come.
Aside from the world of drumming George Gray is a known fitness consultant for the performing artist of the world. George conducts workshops, clinics and seminars that basically discuss the need and the advantages of exercise, proper nutrition in combination with developing performance skills on the instrument and on stage as well as increasing optimal health. George is sponsored and has endorsements with REMO Drums, Drum Heads; DWDrums, Hardware and Accessories, and SABIAN Cymbals. And also George presently is the jazz drum instructor at York College located in Jamacia, New York for the Jazz Workshop program.
Monthly George writes a drum fitness tip in a news article for the well known drum and percussion store "Drummers World" here in New York City. This is a online publication that is distributed worldwide to the drummers and percussionist of the world. And hopefully very soon George will be writing for Vic Firth Sticks news article. So do be on the lookout not just for the drumming and song writing of George Gray but also the up and coming news articles, clinics and videos based on "Exercise, Nutrition And Your Instrument".
The George Gray Project is a group of the finest musicians from New York that perform a wide range of music based on the stylings of smooth jazz, be-bop, hip hop, fusion, go go and various grooves to take you beyond the norm. There's much more to come so be on the lookout for this incredible ensemble that'll take you on a journey of many roots of the music with combinations and experiences as it was once known, quality music!
Blake Meister received his Bachelor of Music in jazz studies from the Peabody Conservatory of Music, where he received both the Richard Franko Goldman and Alice and Leary Taylor awards for performance, and his Master of Music in orchestral double bass at Catholic University’s Benjamin T. Rome School of Music, under a full-tuition scholarship. His upcoming debut album of original compositions, to be released in early 2012, features Gary Thomas, Paul Bollenback, Marc Copland and Ralph Peterson. He has performed professionally with various international artists, and was a semi-finalist in the 2011 Bucharest International jazz competition. He is a bassist for the American Studio Orchestra, and has also held positions of section bass in the York Symphony Orchestra and principal bass in the Prince George Philharmonic. He has performed at major venues in the United States, Japan and Singapore, including the Kennedy Center’s Terrace Theatre and Millennium Stage, Shriver Hall and the Shaw Auditorium.
Also a dedicated educator, Meister serves on the faculty of the Peabody Conservatory of Music, teaching both major and minor lessons, as well as Jazz Improvisation I. He also serves as co-coordinator and faculty for the jazz department of the Peabody Preparatory, teaching piano, double bass, theory and an ensemble. He has been a recipient of the Peabody Faculty Development grant, in addition to multiple Career Development grants while as a student.
A native of Philadelphia, Mr. Meister began playing electric bass at the age of twelve, and later took up the double bass and piano while in college. Additionally, he is an active composer and arranger and speaks French. | <urn:uuid:d2885e71-e4d2-415d-8481-a294bdc73cc9> | 2013-05-24T01:37:05Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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This is what William Nichols said. "I was born in the State of North Carolina, Montgomery County. Have no record of my age but am sixty seven years of age. I entered the army of the revolution the 15 October, 1780 as a volunteer for two months under Captain Ebenezer Riggins in the State of North Carolina. Major James Crump commanded the Battalion. We were marched about through the country to guard against the british and Torries from Wilmington, had no battles, was discharged, but received no discharge. I next volunteered with about sixty others under Captain John Cox mounted infantry for sixty days and marched about securing the country in search of parties of Tories and for the purpose of keeping the Tories from rasing in bodied and doing mischef in the upper country, in this and the first campaign there was no army on our part except the company of ranger to which I was attached, and I needed no discharge. I next volunteered in the foot service to go against the British and Torries who had marched to Hillsborough and took the Governor and council prisoner and were taking them to Wilmington. We met with enemy at Lindleys Mill on Haw river North Carolina, commanded by Col. Hecyor McNeil a Tory and Major Fanning, a British officer.
We got in the bushes on the side of a long hill about fifty yards from the road, as they came along the road, we fired on them and completely routed and defeated and killed their Commander McNeil the Tory, took a good many prisoners and retook our Governor and Council. General Butler was commander in chief on our side and Col. Mayben the commander of the regiment. I was out about one month or six weeks, and as I joined the expedition without any officer I had no discharge, but went home immediately after the battle, though no discharge. This happened the fall of Seventeen Hundred Eighty one (1781]
The next I volunteered under Captain Joseph Parsons of Montgomery County in a troop of mounted rangers. joined no army but ranged in Montgomery County and Moore County against the Torries. We had a battle at Little River with the same major Fanning, British officer commanding Tories. We kept the ground rifles. Eight or ten of the enemy were killed and they killed three of ours and crippled several others. I was discharged by Capt. Parsons, from this service. I have here the discharge. We were out three months. Capt. Parsons then raised a company of volunteer Rangers during the war, mounted men. About July 1782 I joined them and we ranged about through Montgomery and Moore Counties to keep the Tories down, for about three months. We took several of the most notorious Tories and had them hung. I was discharged some time after peace was made and no discharges were given.
He hereby relinquishes every claim whatever to a pension or annuity except the present and
declares that his name is
not on the pension roll of the agency of any State.
Sworn to and subscribed the year and day aforesaid.
He signed the application as, William Niccols
The said William Nichols further makes oaths that he lived in Montgomery county, North Carolina until he was forty years of age. Moved from North Carolina to Powels Valley, Virginia. Lived there three years, from there moved to Lincoln county, Tennessee. From there to Lawrence county, Alabama, where he now lives and has resided for about ten years. Reverend Eli Thompson, a clergyman and James Alexander, a citizen neighbor, is acquainted with my character and know that in my neighborhood I am respected and believed to have been a soldier of the Revolution.
He signs his name, William Niccols
Eli Thompson, a clergyman, residing in the county of Lawrence and James Alexander residing in the same, are well acquainted with William Nichols and who has subscribed and sworn to the above declaration that we believe him to be sixty seven years of age and that he is reputed and believed within the neighborhood where he resides to have been a soldier of the Revolution and that we concur in that opinion. Sworn and Subscribed the day and year aforesaid
And the said court do hereby declare their opinion after the investigation of the matter and after writing the interrogation furnished by the above deponents that the above named applicant was a Revolutionary Soldier and served as he states and the court further certifies that it appears to them that Eli Thompson and James Alexander who has signed the preceding certificate is a clergyman resident in the county of Lawrence and that James Alexander who has also signed the same is a resident of said county and is a creditable person and their certificate is entitled to credit.
John White, Judge of 4th Judicial
District of the State of Alabama
The aforesaid, James Alexander, further makes oath that he moved to North Carolina from Pennsylvania shortly after the war of the Revolution and settled in the neighborhood where William Nichols, above named, lived. He knew Nichols then and from then until the present time. He was always called a soldier of the Revolution. And a good while he knows Captain Joseph Parsons and Major Crump referred to by Nichols in his declaration as serving in the Revolution and understood from Parsons that Nichols has been Out in service with him during the Revolution.
I, Eli Thompson, above named, certify that I have known William Nichols thirty five years and he was always said to be a soldier of the Revolution and I have often heard my father speak of him as having been a soldier of the Revolution.
I, John Galligar, clerk of the circuit court, Lawrence County, Alabama, do hereby certify that the foregoing contains the original proceedings of the said court in the application of William Nichols for a pension.
In testimony whereof I have here unto set my hand and affixed my seal of office this 28th day of September 1832.
John Gallagher, Clerk
Declaration of Mrs. Elizabeth Barrett, widow of Robert Barrett, deceased, formerly Elizabeth Nichols for Revolutionary pension under the act of February 3, 1853.
State of Alabama
County of Lawrence
On the thirteenth day of March 1858, personally appeared in open court before Christopher C. Gwens, Judge of the Probate Court of the County and State above named. Elizabeth Barrett, a resident of the County of Lawrence, in the State of Alabama, age seventy four years, who being first duly sworned according to the law doth in order to obtain the benefits of the pension under the act of Congress passed, granting pensions to widows of pensioners who served during the Revolutionary War. That she is the widow of William Nichols who was a private of dragoons of the North Carolina militia in the War of the Revolution and a pensioner of the United States by reason of his service on the Alabama roll at forty three dollars and thirty three cents per year under the Act of June 7th, 1832.
She further states that she was married to said William Nichols on the 4th day of October 1800 by one Thomas Butler, a justice of the Peace, that her name before her marriage to said William Nichols was Elizabeth Trent, and that her husband, the aforesaid William Nichols, died the sixteenth day of May 1836, and that she subsequently married one Robert Barrett who died on the twentyfourth day of December 1850 and she remained a widow since his death. She further states that she was married to said William Nichols in Montgomery County in the State of North Carolina about the fourth day of October 1800 and that she is informed and so believed there is no public or private family record of their said marriage and thereby cannot produce a copy of such. She knows that said, William Nichols, kept no private or family record of their marriage as he was unlearned and unable to do so and do not believe any public record exist of their said marriage.
Sworn to and Subscribed before me
in open court the day and date above written
C. G. Gwen, Justice of the Peace
Know all men by these present that I, Elizabeth Barrett, of the County of Lawrence, State of Alabama do hereby constitute and appoint Charles C. Tucker of Washington, D. C. my true and lawful agent and Attorney for me and in my name to prepare and prosecute my claim for Revolutionary Pension by reason of the services of my deceased husband and I hereby empower said attorney to examine all records and documents in reference to said claim on file in the Department at Washington and to do all lawful Acts and things whatsoever touching the claim with full powers of substitution hereby revoking and countermanding all former power of Attorney that have been given by me for the above specified purpose. Witness my hand and seal this thirteenth day of March 1858.
State of Alabama
County of Lawrence
On this fifteenth day of March 1858 personally appeared in open court before C. C Gwen, Judge of the Probate Court, Elizabeth Barrett and acknowledged the foregoing power of attorney to be her act and deed for the purpose therein mentioned.
C.C. Gwen, P.J
William Alexander also appeared this day in open court and testified as follows in respect to William Nichols being a revolutionary pensioner and Elizabeth Barrett, formerly Nichols, being the wife of said William Nichols during his lifetime and his widow at his death. Witness states that he knew the said William Nichols and his said wife, Elizabeth Nichols, now Elizabeth Barrett, personally and intimately for twenty years previous to the death of said William Nichols and that they lived a near neighbor to him during his entire acquaintance where he saw said Nichols and his said wife, Elizabeth, frequently once a day and that same time before the death of said Nichols he knew that the said Nichols drew a pension of forty three dollars and thirty three cents per year from the fact that he saw his certificate frequently and that he frequently received a part of the money from said Nichols immediately after he drew the same for necessities to live on.
Witness states that the said Elizabeth Barrett, formerly Elizabeth Nichols, was the wife of the said William Nichols, deceased, who was a Revolutionary pensioner of Lawrence County, Alabama at the time of his death and that the said Elizabeth had raised a number of children reputed to be by the said William Nichols that they were reputed and lived as man and wife up to the death of said William Nichols and were very well respected as such man and wife.
Witness states that said William Nichols died about the sixteenth day of May 1838 and that he assisted in burying said Nichols. Witness further states that not many years thereafter the said Elizabeth Nichols married the one Robert Barrett and that they were treated and lived together as man and wife up to the death of the said Barrett which was on or about the twenty-fourth day of December 1850.
Witness knows that said Barrett died on or about said time set forth from the fact that he saw said Barrett just before he was taken sick and died and did not see him anymore afterwards, notwithstanding. he was a near neighbor of said Barrett and that persons that were present at the burying and saw said Barrett also frequently told him that said Barrett died on the twenty-fourth day of December 1850.
Witness states that the said Elizabeth is now a widow and has lived near him since the death of said Barrett and has never married since the death of said Barrett and is still his widow.
Sworn to and subscribed in open
court the day and date above written
C.C. Gwen, P. J.
Wiley Galloway, personally appeared this day in open court where upon the said Galloway testified as follows after being duly sworn according to law respecting his knowledge of Mrs. Elizabeth Barrett, formerly Elizabeth Nichols, being the identical person who lived with said Nichols during his lifetime as his wife and who was left his widow at the death of said William Nichols to wit: on or about the sixteenth day of May 1838 and who subsquently married one Robert Barrett and who died On or about the twenty fourth day of December 1850.
Said witness, Galloway, states that he has been a resident of said county of Lawrence for twenty years and that he was personally and intimately acquainted with the said William Nichols and his said wife, Elizabeth, during the lifetime of the said William Nichols and since the death of said William Nichols and since the death of said Robert Barrett said witness states that he was clerk of the county court for said county some eight or ten years. During his clerkship he wrote out and prepared a number of applications for said William Nichols annual pension of forty three dollars and thirty three cents per year under the act of June 7th, 1832 and that he had every opportunity to know the said William Nichols as a pensioner of Lawrence County, Alabama and his wife, Elizabeth, that the most intimate neighbors could save had.
Witness states that Elizabeth Barrett lived with said William Nichols as his wife during his whole acquaintance with the said William Nichols up to the time of his death on or about the sixteenth day of May 1838. Witness further states that the said Elizabeth had some eitht or ten children who were reputed to be by the said Nichols during his lifetime and she was always treated and reputed to be the said William Nichols wife by all the neighbors and citizens who knew them and were highly respected.
Witness states that the said William Nichols died on or about the sixteenth day of May 1838, which fact he knows by being a near neighbor and learning that said William died about that time from persons who saw him die and assisted in his burying and that he saw said Nichols just before he was reputed to have taken.sick and died and has never seen him since and that his estate was insolvent.
Said witness further states that the said Elizabeth Nichols, widow of said William, deceased, married one Robert Barrett on or about the twenty fourth day of June 1841 and said witness states that he knew the said Robert Barrett intimately and that he lived a near neighbor to him at the time of his death and that he knows said Robert Barrett died on or about the twenty fourth day of December 1850 from the fact it was reputed that he died at a certain time and that he saw him shortly before his death and has never seen him since and the highly creditable persons who saw said Barrett die and buried have frequently told him that he died on or about the twenty fourth day of December 1850 and that said Elizabeth is still his widow and has never married since the death of said Robert Barrett which fact he knows personally.
Sworn to and subscribed in open court the day and date above written
C.C. Gwen, P. J. | <urn:uuid:dde0a968-3750-4b56-ade7-a69ea5126843> | 2013-05-24T01:58:35Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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rurouni_trelane wrote:One good thing to keep in mind: look at music videos you see on MTV or things like that; not necessarily for video-making overall, but for use of effects. They use effects as it helps the video; sometimes a little, sometimes a lot. Look at ACDCs videos and look at Linkin Park's videos. ACDC uses no effects whatsoever in their videos and they're still pretty good. Linkin Park uses effects like crazy and they're still pretty good. It's a matter of having an discerning eye good enough to tell when effects should be used.
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Joined: May 2006
Let's begin correcting your errors, Mr. Hunter:
First, you begin by posting a quote from me:
|Deadman wrote: 1 .Isn't the very claim that "theory-laden" observations are somehow "less than" or inferior to "theory-UNladen" observations...itself a theory-laden hypothesis? How does your view qualify as "better?" when it is also laden with theory?|
You then say : "Please be careful. My point was merely that you'll have a difficult time persuading people that the evidence powerfully supports your theory, if you are interpreting observations accoring to the theory. "
I assure you, Mr. Hunter, I am quite careful in how I use words. You are not, however. You stated that evidence drawn from paleontology, evo-devo, genetics, etc. is "theory-laden" and I asked a specific set of questions to you about your circular mode of denying the relevance of those data:
| Mr. Hunter, you have a very nice circular scheme going on here to sell your snake oil, congratulations.|
Let's examine it:
1. You arrive and say
|How is it that similarities such as the pentadactyl pattern are such powerful evidence for evolution, in light of equala and greater levels of similarity in distant species, such as dsplayed in the marsupial and placental wolves?|
2. You steadfastly refuse to state what SPECIFIC characters you are referring to and wish to compare to pentadactyly. (I challenge you to cite where you have mentioned any specific characters in thylacines/wolves).
Instead, you point to cartoon images and say "see?"
3. When you are offered paleontological, genetic and comparative anatomy data, you reject it, claiming that it is "theory-laden" and somehow this negates the data itself.
4. Having effectively denied the existence of evidence supporting common inheritance of structural ( pentadactyl) characters, you then;
5. Repeat #1.
Very cute, Sir!!
To this you have replied:
|The reasoning here is circular because you are interpreting the evidence according to the theory of evolution, and then claiming it powerfully supports evolution. It makes little sense to explain that homologies such as the pentadactyl pattern are powerful evidence for evolution because, after all, such similarities are "deeper and are the result of common inheritance," whereas those other similarities "are superficial and are appear not to have resulted from shared inheritance." What you need to do is explain why some similarities are "deeper" and others are "superficial."|
But you say you won't accept genetic, paleontological, evo-devo evidence of this because it is tautological and "theory-laden"
Okay, let's do a little epistemic thought-experiment. Suppose I am a long-lived and tirelessly industrious being on this planet, investigating it.
I find that time exists. I find that radiometric dating exists. I find that pentadactyly exists in all mammals. I find that I can dig up fossils that are pentadactyl. I find that genetic information and evo-devo data exist that indicate this common shared character has a strong and relatively unchanged time-span on this planet. I therefore will take that data to mean things on this planet are connected and have a deep time-frame in which they arose. I can do this without any evolutionary framework at all in my mind.
Now, I will ask you once again...WHAT CHARACTER/TRAIT in THYLACINES and WOLVES do you want me to compare this evidence to?
Be specific, Mr. Hunter and make sure you don't merely cite a suite of characters/traits...and please don't just point to a cartoon and say "those," because I want to finish this little thought experiment in epistemology, Mr. Hunter.
Oh, and you mentioned this about my example of patagium in phalangers/flying squirrels and pentadactyly:
|Your answer was that skin is easier to evolve than bones (wasn't that you?). That was sufficient for me. I do not need to multiply examples, for this one is subjective, circular, and clearly shows the weakness of the claim.|
Actually, it's not subjective or circular , and that is a misrepresentation of what I did say. I specifically noted that the flying squirrel and phalanger don't have structurally identical patagium...BUT their pentadactyly IS precisely the same. Further, I am in fact arguing that skin attachments and increased skin area in between attachments IS in fact easier for a strain of animals to change than basic bone structure...why do I say that? Because we have no large-scale evidence of septadactyly or octadactyly to point to. We have only pentadactyl mammals on the planet. We have only a few gliding mammals. Further, we can conduct experiments showing that basic bauplan features are far less susceptible to mutation and alteration than skin attachments to bone, especially under selection by the environment and reproductive success. None of these observations or experiments would NECCESSARILY involve any preconceived "theory-laden" position on my part.
You also claimed erroneously that I had said this:
|Deadman wrote: Let’s concentrate on the specific question: “How is it that similarities such as the pentadactyl pattern are such powerful evidence for evolution, in light of equal and greater levels of similarity in distant species, such as displayed in the marsupial and placental mouse?” First, this question is misphrased. The important thing about the forelimbs of birds, bats, dogs, pterosaurs, pigs, moles, anteaters, dolphins, and so forth is that their differences overwhelm their similarities, but their similarities are deeper and are the result of common inheritance. In contrast, their similarities are in many ways far less than the similarities between golden moles and marsupial moles or between ‘flying’ squirrels and ‘flying’ phalangers, but the latter similarities are superficial and are appear not to have resulted from shared inheritance. Both sets of comparisons and contrasts provide powerful evidence for evolution.|
That was N.Wells here: http://www.antievolution.org/cgi-bin....p=48807
Now, Mr. Hunter, can you please address my points that I made?
|Mr. Hunter: A few additional thoughts. Note that I have given responses to your questions and that I would hope that fairness and honesty in debate would compel you to respond to the questions of others directly.|
1 .Isn't the very claim that "theory-laden" observations are somehow "less than" or inferior to "theory-UNladen" observations...itself a theory-laden hypothesis? How does your view qualify as "better?" when it is also laden with theory? If you assert it is not "theory-laden", can you please explain your association with DI?
2. How did you determine that characters were "equal or greater " in similarity when there are no justifications at all ( in your mind) of making such a claim? Was it due to "theory-laden" observations? On this point, I'd also like you to show me an example of scientific observation that is not theory-laden.
3. You have steadfastly refused even up to now, to simply enumerate what these characters ARE that you wish to compare to pentadactyly . When you did mention the patagium in Phalangers/Flying Squirrels, you seemed to ignore the evidence that shows that there is very little underlying structural similarity in the two adaptations other than "skin stretched between fore- and hindfeet." which doesn't have the same weight as pentadactyly that can be seen in all mammals today, in the fossil record of mammals and beyond and that has relatively well-known genetic and developmental evidence -- all of which you will of course, "invalidate" by saying it is "theory laden"
4. Varying degrees of subjectivity and falsifiability are different things, sir. I suggest you learn what falisifiability is before you go equating the two. Falsifiability, in Popper's terms, primarily involves conceiving of a statement/observation that would negate claim X. Many "subjective" claims can be falsified.
If, for instance, a person claims that theory-laden observations are inferior to those observations done without such theoretical "baggage," then this is an undemonstrated subjective claim.
Such a claim can be falsified by pointing to observations that are "theory-laden" ( such as evolutionary theory) and showing that the observations in question are the best-supported we have, in addition to fulfilling other criteria such as testability, repeatability, etc. Conversely, I don't know of any other "theory-laden" observations that provide the breadth and depth of explanatory and predictive value that evolutionary theory has in regard to observations such as the fossil record and it's interrelations to comparative anatomical observations and genetic/evo-devo.
These facts run counter to your subjective view of " inferior theory-laden" observations (beyond the fact that you have yet to even demonstrate that "theory-unladen" scientific observations even exist at all...much less the notion of "unladen" observations in general) Got it?
I eagerly await your direct and concisely unambiguous responses.
If this is to be seen as an actual exchange of claims/supporting evidence, then you have to actually respond to posts fully, Mr. Hunter, not just the parts you like.
AtBC Award for Thoroughness in the Face of Creationism | <urn:uuid:ec0208e4-6647-4653-bd14-2897d71809d4> | 2013-05-24T01:41:49Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Joined: Oct. 2006
Ever hear of the Bacterial Flagellum? Upon electron microscope examination, it looks very much like a machine!
In fact, it bears a strong resemblance to an outboard motor, you know, the kind you see on the back of those small aluminum-fishing boats.
Any way, the Bacterial Flagellum is what scientists call an “irreducible complex system”. An irreducible complex system is made in such a way that if you take away any one part of the system, the system ceases to function. A good example of this is the common mousetrap. Take away any one part, and it ceases to function. In the case of irreducibly complex organisms, taking away any one part causes it to die.
Question #6 The theory of evolution says that less complex organisms evolved into more complex life forms. How could the Bacterial Flagellum have evolved from a lower life form? What is its' transitional fossil? | <urn:uuid:4bd9bc64-1499-49d0-b513-8236057bf840> | 2013-05-24T01:59:33Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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WELCOME, SIGN IN
Ann Curry Leaving NBC's 'Today' Show
Description:Ann Curry offered a tearful goodbye as co-host of NBC's "Today" show on Thursday. She did not expect to ever leave this couch.
Ann Curry Leaves NBC's Today Show
ann curry leaves today show | <urn:uuid:6496d416-9e1f-4139-8dc6-2e718339d009> | 2013-05-24T01:31:55Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Child and Adolescent Therapy
This course provides an understanding of the broad range of childhood and adolescent problems and disorders. A variety of psychotherapeutic modalities is presented, offering the student an opportunity to develop a knowledge of basic child and adolescent therapy skills, assessments, and treatment strategies. The impact of development aspects, family dynamics, social environments, and multicultural issues are addressed. In addition, legal and ethical issues and the role of hospitalization are considered. | <urn:uuid:46828374-12f8-49ef-974f-967946266e12> | 2013-05-24T02:04:21Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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We have a rigorous approach to due diligence that can be scaled to your needs. We couple qualitative and quantitative analysis to give you a comprehensive and unbiased view of an organization. We explain our findings in the context of your goals and provide you with a clear sense of how to use the information.
Arabella Advisors can help you to:
- Determine if an organization fits with your goals
- Assess an organization’s programs, finances, leadership, reputation, and results
- Identify how to best structure your giving for accountability and outcomes
Learn more: After a natural disaster, Arabella performed critical due diligence for a major institutional foundation. >> | <urn:uuid:5a3b8d4d-1e4d-4581-a7f3-a39682df2204> | 2013-05-24T01:57:21Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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We have invested heavily in developing our operations to provide you cost
savings, efficiency and to provide you with the highest quality product.
From our state of the art facilities and technology, to our proven systems
and methodologies, ARC’s operations provide a reliable and stable foundation
you can count on and trust. | <urn:uuid:4b89d91c-ea19-491b-87cc-d509ee5c8e15> | 2013-05-24T01:44:08Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Mali Bruz Barbie, 4CF
How did you come up with you derby number?
I have a lung disease called cystic fibrosis (cf) skating helps me to stay active and healthy.
How did you get involved in derby?
I have been skating all my life, when a friend joined the gatekeepers watching his first bout got me hooked! That was some time in the summer of 2011.
Any serious injuries?
Just the average bruises.
What kind of skates do you roll on?I have the riedell 595 redline boot, wheels vary no favorites.
What is the worst penalty you ever committed?Cuting the track.
Any pre-bout rituals?Lots of sleep.
Do you have a favorite position to play?
Jammer, although blocking is growing on me.
What was your most exciting moment in your derby career?
It's all been pretty amazing thus far! | <urn:uuid:22609a38-50e2-4357-9c7b-95b8a2007dfd> | 2013-05-24T01:37:08Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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If you feel this item is offensive in any way, let us know.
Just give us an indication of what you find objectionable
(sometimes it isn't neccesarily clear), and we'll look into it.
Item ID: 96583
(What we're reading March 1: financial managers, telepathy, and sleep)
What is inappropriate about this item? | <urn:uuid:a44fb9ce-7f71-4a0b-a1c1-c2410aebb45d> | 2013-05-24T02:05:17Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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If Arsenal's relocation from Woolwich to Highbury gave the Club a chance to climb the football ladder, the move to Emirates Stadium will help to keep it at the top.
It's hard to overstate the sheer magnitude of the project which took Arsenal from its home of 93 years to a state-of-the-art venue just down the road. The Club not only constructed a stadium, it regenerated the local community.
Arsenal announced its proposals to move to a new stadium, situated at Ashburton Grove, in November 1999. Planning consent was secured in May 2002 and construction work began at the site in February 2004 after funding was completed.
The imposing North and South Bridges were in place within six months and, in October 2004, the venue was officially named Emirates Stadium. The Topping-Out ceremony took place in August 2005 and, a year later, the stadium opened for business.
Its first game was Dennis Bergkamp's testimonial on July 22, 2006. Few would argue that the Emirates has not lived up to expectations. It is acknowledged as one of the finest football stadiums in the world and was sold out for every first-team game in its opening season.
As Managing Director Keith Edelman explained before the move, the financial benefits of the Club's historic move will allow Arsenal to sustain their competitiveness at the highest level. "Our aim is to be a leading European club and, once we get into the new stadium, we will be in that position. It is very income-generous to us," he said.
"When we move to Emirates Stadium we will have higher percentage of our income from gates. Very close to 50 per cent of our revenue will be gate income at Emirates Stadium, compared to around 30 per cent at Highbury.
"The revenue from executive boxes and Club Level alone will be almost equivalent to the [whole] income at Highbury. So we'll be getting that and the revenue from 51,000 extra people [in the stadium]."
Arsenal said goodbye to Highbury on May 7, 2006, beating Wigan 4-2 to pip Tottenham to a Champions League spot before an emotional closing ceremony brought the curtain down on 93 years of history. Highbury will always be Arsenal's spiritual home, but Emirates Stadium is the key to the future.
This video is only available to members.Log in to play | <urn:uuid:aa0f2a77-ea7c-45b7-acf8-08d5bb5820d4> | 2013-05-24T01:51:21Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Verses with the word doubtless in the Apocrypha (2 verses):
1 Maccabees 13:6
Doubtless I will avenge my nation, and the sanctuary, and our wives, and our children: for all the heathen are gathered to destroy us of very malice.
2 Maccabees 7:23
But doubtless the Creator of the world, who formed the generation of man, and found out the beginning of all things, will also of his own mercy give you breath and life again, as ye now regard not your own selves for his laws' sake. | <urn:uuid:5ae04dba-b0bc-4c12-8e35-b86797cd13ce> | 2013-05-24T01:52:14Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentrations on the metamorphosis, size, and survival of larval hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), bay scallops (Argopecten irradians), and Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica)
Limnol. Oceanogr., 54(6), 2009, 2072-2080 | DOI: 10.4319/lo.2009.54.6.2072
ABSTRACT: We present experiments that examined the metamorphosis, growth, and survivorship of larvae from three species of commercially and ecologically valuable shellfish (Mercenaria mercenaria, Argopecten irradians, and Crassostrea virginica) at the levels of CO2 projected to occur during the 21st century and beyond. Under CO2 concentrations estimated to occur later this century (~66 Pa, 650 ppm), M. mercenaria and A. irradians larvae exhibited dramatic declines (>50%) in survivorship as well as significantly delayed metamorphosis and significantly smaller sizes. Although C. virginica larvae also experienced lowered growth and delayed metamorphosis at ~66 Pa CO2, their survival was only diminished at ~152 Pa CO2. The extreme sensitivity of larval stages of shellfish to enhanced levels of CO2 indicates that current and future increases in pelagic CO2 concentrations may deplete or alter the composition of shellfish populations in coastal ecosystems. | <urn:uuid:05238f4f-e1a0-49fa-b2ac-67c7bc6249ce> | 2013-05-24T02:05:33Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Evaluation of a cold chromium distillation procedure for recovering very small amounts of radiolabeled sulfide related to sulfate reduction measurements
Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods 2:171-180 (2004) | DOI: 10.4319/lom.2004.2.171
ABSTRACT: The separation and detection of extremely small amounts of radiolabeled reduced sulfur species for the determination of very low sulfate reduction rates (SRR) with the 35SO42 radiotracer was improved by optimization of the entire distillation and detection process. By reducing the amount of background radioactivity, the threshold from which turnover of radiotracer can be detected was lowered considerably. Reduction of the background radioactivity was achieved by (1) reducing cross-contamination between distillations by modifying the distillation setup, and (2) preventing an unidentified 35S-containing compound that greatly contributes to the background from reaching the final trap by lowering the distillation temperature. These improvements allow the measurement of low SRR, shorter incubation times, and the use of less radiotracer. Experiments with pure sulfur minerals and a variety of sediments verified that the efficiency of the new method is equal to the hot single-step chromium reduction method, but with a greatly improved reproducibility. | <urn:uuid:eb5bc13c-e5b7-413e-b1a5-16da981976b4> | 2013-05-24T01:30:19Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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What are congenital hand differences?
Babies born with hands that are different than the normal hand have a congenital hand difference.
What causes congenital hand differences?
The upper limb is formed between four and eight weeks after the sperm and egg unite to form an embryo. The embryo develops an arm bud at four weeks. The tip of the arm bud sends messages to each cell as the upper limb forms. Millions of steps are followed to form a normal arm. Failure of any of these steps to occur can result in a congenital hand difference. Research continues into further understanding of this embryonic process. Some congenital hand differences may occur due to a genetic cause. Many congenital hand differences just occur without an apparent cause.
What are different types of congenital hand differences?
One in twenty children is born with some difference from normal, either major or minor. The different groups of congenital hand differences include missing parts of the arm (failure of formation), webbed or fused parts of the hand (failures of separation), extra parts present in the hand (duplication), undergrowth or overgrowth of parts of the hand, or constriction band syndrome.
What are common congenital hand differences?
The most common congenital hand difference in the Caucasian population is webbed fingers (syndactyly - see Figure 1). The most common congenital hand difference in the black population is an extra, sixth digit on the little finger side (post-axial polydactyly - see Figure 2). The most common congenital hand difference in the Asian population is an extra thumb (thumb polydactyly - see Figure 3).
Which congenital hand difference does my child have?
Because there are so many different congenital hand differences, it is important that your child be evaluated by a hand surgery specialist to help determine if any treatment is needed. Some congenital hand differences are associated with genetic disorders or other medical problems. Your hand specialist may request further genetic evaluation by a geneticist, or may request further medical testing by your pediatrician or family physician.
How do parents feel if their child has congenital hand differences?
Immediately after the birth of a child with a a congenital abnormality, the patents may feel shock, anger and guilt. These are normal emotions. All the dreams of a perfect baby did not take place. Each family member must cope with their feelings. Rarely is there anything parents or doctors could have done differently.
Your newborn doesn’t realize that he or she is different. The baby has all the normal needs of any newborn. The way the baby has formed is normal for him or her, without pain and without a sense of loss. Talk to your physician about support groups or professional help.
Can congenital hand differences be treated?
All babies born with congenital hand differences should be evaluated by a hand specialist to make an individual assessment of the type. Depending on the type of congenital hand difference, treatment may be recommended. For example, webbed fingers are surgically separated. Extra digits can be surgically removed with reconstruction of the remaining digit if necessary. Hand function can be improved if the functions of thumb pinch or finger grasp is compromised. Some congenital hand differences may need therapy to help improve hand function. In some cases, no intervention is necessary.
Figure 1: Syndactyly between long and ring fingers
Figure 2: Polydactyly, with an extra little finger
Figure 3: Thumb polydactyly, with duplication of the thumb
© 2006 American Society for Surgery of the Hand
Find a Hand Surgeon near you.
a) Helping Hands
c) On the Other Hand
d) Federation for Children With Special Needs
e) Hands To Love
f) Limb Differences | <urn:uuid:47c342f4-052a-4a52-98e4-392b0fb81aee> | 2013-05-24T01:37:05Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Stay connected with: | <urn:uuid:755fbe95-7865-4b8b-8d36-a2b7c8506fc0> | 2013-05-24T01:37:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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March 28, 2009
As recently as 2005, tenured agent sales productivity lagged behind
prior years' results and new agent productivity, and was not
contributing to the organization's need for double-digit growth.
Extensive research to determine the underlying cause of this
downward trend ...
Stay connected with: | <urn:uuid:6b464064-0ec7-47b2-8bd3-261021dbaa76> | 2013-05-24T01:50:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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|Lesson Nine: The Fire and Earth Signs|
I want to look at the fire and earth signs together because, as opposite elements, they both challenge and complement each other. It makes it easier to grasp the meaning of an element if we compare it to what it is not. Fire is positive and masculine, earth is negative and feminine. Using Wilber's quadrant model, these two elements share the same personal, individual orientation to the world. For fire, this orientation is subjective. An example of this would be a religious experience or personal conviction, which is absolutely real to the individual but which cannot be, and does not need to be proved, explained or justified to anyone else, since it is true for the individual. For the earth signs, the truth is objective, but just as personal, arising from earth's own experience, via the five senses, of the outside world. For example, if earth doesn't like the smell, taste or colour of something, then that is that. Nobody can argue otherwise. If we can really understand how each element experiences and interprets the world, then we can appreciate that each element has its place as part of a greater whole.
Fire is, of course, hot, but it is also magnetic - it pulls us in. If you have ever stood watching a bonfire or sat around an open fire, I am sure you will have experienced this fascination. As we watch the flames, they pull us into a trancelike state which leads us away from the 'real world' and into our imagination. It is in our imagination that the visions, myths and fantasies of fire are most at home. Our imagination leads us into a world where everything is exaggerated, colourful, larger than life and full of exciting potential. It is from the imagination that fire signs draw their contagious warmth and enthusiasm, fired by a unique and personal connection to a grand vision, a quest, a big picture which sets the stage for their own lives.
The fire signs have an enthusiastic, spontaneous child-like quality. Fire is exaggerated, larger than life, and fire signs need to - and must, if they are to be true to themselves - live right at the centre of their own individual dramas and mythic dreams. Fire signs have an innate sense of their own unique specialness, which explains why they have a tremendous faith in themselves and why they will take the kind of risks that other elements shrink from since they believe intrinsically that they will be lucky, or 'specially favoured' in some way. 'Objective truths', such as the statistical odds against winning the lottery, for example, are meaningless to fire signs and often a cause of incomprehension, frustration and impatience. Even when things don't turn out as planned, even when they crash and burn, fire signs normally have the faith to pick themselves up and carry on. For the element of fire, relationships are about the excitement and fascination of the chase, the as yet unconsummated desire for an object - be it another person or an ideal. Fire cannot and will not be contained or restricted - it is not concerned with commitment and stability. This explains why so many people get burned when they 'play with fire'.
In alchemical imagery the element of fire is represented by the salamander, which was believed to endure the heat of the flames because of the coolness of its body. This salamander is from Michael Maier's Atalanta fugiens (1618).
The other interesting thing about the elements is that, in a very concrete way, we use up our main element quickly and need to replenish it constantly in order to keep our energy levels up. This is why, on a very basic level, people with an emphasis on fire in their charts really need plenty of sunshine, since the sun, which is the physical manifestation of fire in our solar system, actually restores their energy levels and their vitality. Fire signs also need to replenish and restore themselves through physical exercise, travel and adventure, or by going to the theatre, a rock concert or to the opera - since they need plenty of drama and fantasy. These experiences will not only restore their energy levels but also their basic optimism in life. When fire gets what it needs, its warm spontaneity and instinctive generosity is enormously healing for others, although fire signs themselves are often unaware of this fact, since it is simply a by-product of their natural vitality. On the other hand, if you don't have much fire then you might find that fire people drain your energy because they are simply 'too much' to be around. Your job will be to learn how to play, how to have fun, which is not an easy thing to do if it doesn't come naturally.
Audience: This is all very well, but it is not the real world, is it?
Clare: Well, that depends where you are coming from. For fire, this is in fact the real world, but your comment is a good illustration of the fact that each element evokes its opposite. Is there anyone else who is feeling that all this enthusiasm and faith needs to be contained or disciplined?
Audience: It sounds to me as if the fire signs are rather selfish and insensitive.
Clare: Well, from the point of view of the earth element you are right. If we keep strictly to the basic meaning of fire and earth, what does earth do to fire?
Audience: Puts it out. Smothers it, suffocates it.
Clare: Exactly. And yet the paradox is that fire cannot burn unless it is consuming some kind of matter, such as coal or wood, both of which belong to the earth element. This explains both the repulsion and attraction that exists between fire and earth. They are opposites but they need each other. We can understand why earth resists and seeks to control fire, which threatens to consume it - burn it up. On the other hand, earth needs fire, which is the life force itself. I believe that there is a species of eucalyptus tree in Australia which needs intense heat - a forest fire - before it can burst forth into life and new growth again. Another example is the mythic bird, the phoenix, which, in order to be reborn, needs to enter into the fire on a regular basis and be totally consumed, or purified, by the fire.
By contrast, the earth signs are rooted in here-and-now tangible reality. They are solid, dependable, practical and reliable, concerned with the material world and with the five senses. Think of earth literally; everything that supports us grows from the earth, all the food we eat comes from the earth. Earth supports life and the earth signs have very strong security needs and tend to be very conservative. They are realistic. They are able to manifest, to make things happen, and have a tremendous capacity for perseverance and endurance. The earth signs come into their own when realism and practical solutions are called for.
The earth signs tend to be comfortable and in touch with the natural world and, unlike the other elements, tend not to repress or undervalue the body's needs for proper nourishment, rest and exercise. Of all the elements, the earth signs are the most sensual and sexual. Earth is in its element here. Many fire signs, on the other hand, have an active dislike of their bodies, which are too confining, too restrictive. Our bodies hold us back, and they need to be fed, clothed and rested.
Audience: So what are the limitations of earth?
Clare: In general terms, the limitations of the earth signs are the same as the strengths of the fire signs. The practical, realistic earth signs can have a marked lack of enthusiasm, hope, faith and optimism, which can result in a kind of cynical disappointment with life, a sense that the world has 'let them down'. There can also be a lack of imagination and an inability to think symbolically. Taken to extremes, the 'concrete thinker' can become evangelical or fundamentalist, which tends to be an expression not of faith but of its lack.
The element of earth is shown in Johann Daniel Mylius' Philosophia reformata (1622) as the primal substance, suckling the baby filius philosophorum, the alchemical gold. On the left is the salamander of the element of fire, and to the right the birds of the element of air. Earth stands with her feet in the element of water.
Equally, the limitations of the fire signs can be described as the strengths of the earth signs. The difficulties, for fire signs, are the thousand obstacles of a practical nature which threaten to spoil and obstruct the fantasy. They can have problems coping with ordinary, everyday matters. The world, with all its boring details, red tape, traffic laws, bills, regulations and other demands, has a tendency to frustrate fire, not to mention other people who point out, practically but not very helpfully, all the very good reasons why something is not possible. Fiery people can feel panicked and really miserable by a tax return and will do anything to escape. In a curious way, a tax return is an affront to fire, which doesn't see the need to justify its existence to anyone or to obey the rules which, after all, only apply to ordinary mortals! Fire signs are not interested in the actual reality of the situation, why is why they cannot necessarily remember where they put their car keys, or tend to leave the house without any money.
The fiery imagination can travel anywhere, without limitation. Fire can imagine being in the Andes climbing mountains, or swimming with dolphins off the coast of New Zealand, or travelling in a spaceship to the outer reaches of the solar system, or on a ten-year retreat in a Japanese Zen monastery, but in order to turn these dreams into reality the practical element of earth is needed. We have to earn enough money in order to be able to afford to turn our dreams into reality, and we have to navigate train and plane timetables, remember to get our visas updated and leave enough time to get to the airport if we are not to miss our plane.
Earth is not the only challenge to fire. The air and water signs can be equally obstructive. Fire's subjective vision and enthusiasm can easily be crushed by air's rational analysis of the actual facts, and water can douse the heat and enthusiasm. Fire signs can be very vulnerable and tend to have a curious lack of stamina. They can easily be overwhelmed by the resistance which the world throws at them, and it is not unusual to meet fire signs who seem to have been 'put out'.
Audience: Isn't that because they are rather selfish and out of control?
Clare: That is exactly the reaction or the judgement which they tend to evoke. There is a tendency to try and restrict all this enthusiasm by putting boundaries around it, and if this happens early in life or too insensitively, then it can have a lasting effect on the life force of the individual or can break their will to the extent that they cease to believe in themselves. In this case, the astrologer has work to do. Unless the natural enthusiasm, optimism and self-belief of the fire element can be rekindled, it may become distorted; violent and destructive, in the case of Aries, demanding and jealous in the case of Leo, or arrogant and patronising in the case of Sagittarius.
Audience: So if this happens, then presumably the fire signs need a new vision and a new quest or adventure?
Clare: Yes, at the end of the day they must believe in themselves and need others to believe in them.
Copyright ©2005 by Clare Martin.
More Information about the Book. | <urn:uuid:2dc0b2d5-95bd-48e5-8170-5df6d7574a76> | 2013-05-24T01:53:43Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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In Derrick Goold's article explains that the rivalry between Houston and St. Louis didn't have anything to do with not trading Roy to the Cardinals.
"That was not a roadblock. I think (trading within the division) used to be something you avoided. That's not how I viewed it this time. We had discussions with the Cardinals, and it just did not work - it did not work for either team. It just never really materialized. They talked two or three times, and it never got close to being a deal."
McLane acknowledged that Oswalt was "excited about the potential of being with the Cardinals" and that he expressed that wish to Houston ownership. McLane said the players offered by the Cardinals, who included at least one major-league player, did not cause negotiations to falter.
Hmm. So it wasn't the rivalry, and it wasn't the players. What was it, exactly? | <urn:uuid:f9d5d207-8a25-43f8-b7f3-cef0e3775c33> | 2013-05-24T01:45:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A friend sent me a message as follows:
"I have a question for you:
As a scientist, how is it that you are an atheist and not agnostic?"
I thought it was an interesting question. Should I, as a scientist who is intimately familiar with the limits of our current knowledge and understanding, be more open to the idea that we just don't or can't know the answer to the God Question?
This was my response:
"This may not be true for everyone, but from my perspective an agnostic
believes that there's probably SOMETHING going on in terms of a God or
Spirit or Universal Energy or What-have-you, but we don't or can't know
for sure. For a while I described myself by saying 'I think I'm
An atheist doesn't rule out the possibility that
there is SOMETHING going on, but they haven't seen any evidence that
convinces them to believe in said SOMETHING. If I do encounter some
convincing evidence of a higher power, I'll change my mind. For now,
the available data supports the hypothesis that there is no such thing,
so that's the theory I'm working with. It feels pretty scientific to
What about you? | <urn:uuid:b4b10931-1e55-499b-9659-492bea63293d> | 2013-05-24T01:59:05Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Well, yeah. Obviously, you mean false gods. ^.^
John Aultman wrote: If Prostitution is the oldest profession then religion the oldest scam?
I have two close friends who are prostitutes (one of them is actually my best friend). They are far more honest than religious hucksters.
I get this one a lot: "You are free to believe whatever you want." No I'm not! I wanted to believe in Christianity! (Yes, I'm still coming to grips with things.) But really what it means is: "I'm going to ignore any valid point you just made and end the conversation."
Yeah, that one is kind of similar to the "Let's just agree to disagree," off-switch. It annoys the hell out of me. No, this shit is important, since it impacts the way you live your life, and the way you influence others. Let's hash this out.
Yeah, that's basically the same thing. I've heard it too. | <urn:uuid:080019c0-5530-4f5e-a1cc-eed19522976c> | 2013-05-24T01:30:43Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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My first reaction to the conclusion was that the book lacked a certain sense of triumph. I wanted good things to happen to characters who I'd come to love. However, I have listened to the book twice, read it once and re-read the last few chapters a number of times. I think Collins point was to make the book as war-like as possible. There is loss. There are many, many things that the survivors will never recover from, yet they live. I thought Collins conveyed the sacrifice of change very well. I haven't been able to stop thinking about it.
Report Inappropriate Content | <urn:uuid:59029a06-5f5b-4200-9d8f-408930012c5f> | 2013-05-24T01:47:16Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The sun’s energy is an incredible bounty. The energy contained in solar rays make their way through our filtering atmosphere and is critical to life on this planet...
and is fundamental to human survival. It can also provide for our comfort.
The use of the sun’s power in solar energy design is usually identified in 2 contexts - Passive Solar - that which uses natural processes without mechanical equipment and additional electrical or gas energy to operate, and Active Solar - that which uses nature’s resources with the inclusion of mechanical equipment and hardware driven by electricity and gas.
All solar design starts from a simple base - Passive Solar First.
What can be achieved by using all of the natural resources available to meet specific needs? This is the basic question and tenet of Passive Solar applications whether it be applied to heating and cooling a building, lighting, heating water, cooking, etc. Passive solar applies both to buildings and equipment.
Sound fundamentals of good passive applications and integration can beneficial and are directly related to active solar equipment use and implementation:
by meeting needs with no mechanical equipment dependent on external energy incorporation,
in improving conditions which reduce the amount and size of equipment required to meet needs,
by improving the conditions for active solar equipment applications, and
in minimizing the commensurate costs that accompany the purchase and use of any equipment, solar or non-solar.
In short , Passive solar design and applications is the base which sets the conditions for effective active solar incorporation and use.
Passive and Active solar applications should be considered as elements of the same palette - sort of the one-two punch of living with the sun,
and the mutuality is undeniable. Both rely on the same design considerations of orientation, access to the sun, behavior of materials, and appropriate use of site resources, and vary only in the inclusion external energy of electricity and gas. Most active system guidelines even point out starting with passive considerations first.
Besides providing for direct meeting of needs, Passive Solar design is a primary basis for enhancing the quality of active solar systems. Passive solar actions can result in the reduction of quantity of equipment needed to meet a particular task. For example, daylight is an available resource to meet illumination needs. Good day lighting design of buildings uses that resource effectively, and reduces the need and cost of daytime artificial lighting and equipment.
The beginning point consideration is at the end use side of things whether using traditional equipment or using solar equipment. Considerable savings can be gained in applying natural energy actions to reduce the cost of both supplying equipment as well as running and maintaining it. Quite simply, the less work that needs to be accomplished by equipment, the less amount of equipment is needed, and the less it needs to run when used - this all translates to less cost for purchase of the equipment, and less on-going cost for running and maintaining. Passive solar applications mitigate the quantity of active solar equipment needed, and resulting the tandem of both is optimal. Information about the sun and how to use it effectively is common in both applications.
Traditionally, the term Passive Solar has been identified with heating and cooling of buildings, but it has a broader context and application. There is, of course passive solar heating and cooling of buildings. There is also passive solar water heating, solar cooking, natural lighting, passive solar heating of pools, and even passive solar devices which move things - equipment, air, etc. Even the process of direct conversion of sunlight to electricity can be considered a “passive” action since it occurs through the appropriate use and placement of materials and capitalizes on the behavior of the combinations created, without infusing man-made energy sources and machines to make it work.
Knowledge and understanding of natural processes is the heart of Passive Solar. Knowledge about the composition, attributes and behavior of sunlight and heat; the behavior of heat flow; the behavior and capacities of materials, both in nature and man-made; the sun’s annual, seasonal, and daily movement; diurnal and seasonal temperatures and conditions; human sensory response and comfort ; the patterns of nature and of people; and the physiology and psychology of the interaction between people and Nature, all are applied to effective solar application and utilization.
NATURE’S CONTRIBUTION - a gift that also keeps us on our toes
intense heat, cold) The conditions that nature provides, in the form of climate, is variable. Cold in the winter, hot in the summer, nice other times of the year. Arizona climate covers the entire spectrum with extremes at the desert and mountain locations. Simultaneously, nature also provides the tools for mitigation of the extreme conditions. Sunlight and materials for a warming system; breezes, water, earth, gravity, and materials for a cooling system. It is the application of these resources into a system that addresses conditions that makes passive, and active, solar so effective.
The sun’s available energy varies in amount and impact through the year. The amount and intensity of energy from the sun that impacts the earth is affected by the composition of the earth’s atmosphere, and the angle of the solar radiation waves. The more dense the atmosphere, whether by clouds or smog, the less solar energy reaches the ground. Additionally the more directly perpendicular the sun is to the earth’s surface, the more concentrated the energy is in a given area and the more intense its impact. The highest capitalization of solar radiation for heat is when surfaces are perpendicular to the sun, allowing the most density of radiation at a given point.
|We know the sun’s position every day of the year and the amount of radiation that position provides, both to the earth’s surface, as well as to various positions of building walls and/or equipment. A south facing wall, or piece of equipment gets more energy from the sun than any other position. An angle directly perpendicular to the sun gets more energy per square foot than one that is at an angle. The sun is less available in the winter (shorter days) than in the summer. There is less solar energy availability in the winter than the summer due to the sun’s position at an angle to the earth and therefore more atmosphere to penetrate.
We also know that cool air settles and warm air rises, and that this action occurs with fluids like water. We know about heat flow and capabilities of materials in their capacity to absorb, hold, and give up heat. We know how to let sunlight in, how to capture and create air movement for cooling, and prevent unwanted heat.
THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT IN TUNE WITH NATURE
|Passive solar buildings are environmentally responsive and use nature’s elements in providing shelter and comfort to people in a manner that is healthy and minimally destructive of the environment; are non-depleting of natural resources; and use the building itself in the comfort creating process. They are characterized throughout the recent years with terms as “sustainable”, “renewability”, and “green”. Quite simply, these terms refer to the same thing - a nature incorporating , comfort generating, security providing environment in which the building composition itself is the “machinery” that creates protection, health and comfort, and incorporates appropriate solar equipment to attain higher degrees of performance.
|Arizona history is replete with examples of people living with the sun - both in using it as a resource as well as dealing with it’s negatives. Passive solar was integrated into Arizona architecture and buildings, both in private and public buildings. While incorrectly called Arizona’s first solar building, (there is no indication that this was a conscious effort since a number of cliff dwellings built in the same period by the same people do not show the same kind of solar application) the construction of Montezuma’s Castle does embody some solar principles of orientation, thermal mass, “overhangs” for summertime shading, and south facing winter courts
|Desert buildings used proper orientation, thick masonry walls, natural cross ventilation, indoor and outdoor living spaces, and natural and man-made shade for summer cooling, and south facing courts, and windows with tile floors which, when coupled with the thick masonry walls, provided for capture and storage of warmth during winter conditions. Higher elevations of Arizona utilized the similar principles with differing amounts of wall mass and windows for heating, and porches and cross ventilation for summer evening relaxation and sleeping.
|Arizona desert buildings, both private and public, used passive means of shading to provide respite from the intense sun. Passive solar equipment, in the form of water heaters, were prevalent in Arizona as well as Southern California. the historic Ellis-Shackleford House in Phoenix and the historic Tempe Bakery had direct gain solar hot water heaters.
PASSIVE SOLAR ENERGY - PRELUDE TO SOLAR EQUIPMENT CONSIDERATION
There are a number of passive energy fundamentals which can be considered in reducing the amount of equipment and/or its’ operation.
ORIENTATION - It’s a necessary thing...
Like all direct solar applications, capturing the sun as a resource is as simple as providing for its clear path to where it can do its work - be it heating water, cooking food, or warming a space. Orientation is a fundamental concept of solar use for passive, and active, systems -
|orientation of a solar device
||or orientation of a building
||or a solar cooker
| Orientation and a direct relationship with the sun is the first rule of solar energy use when trying to capitalize on its heat providing attributes. The sun’s traverses the sky every day -
In the winter it is a low and short path and in the summer a long and high path - and even though the sun’s location is constantly changing, it is a predictable path that can be used in incorporating the sun’s energy to meet needs, and to exclude when we want to minimize the same. Applied knowledge of both the sun’s movement, position at any given time, and time of the year, as well as impact in the form of radiation (solar incidence) , enables us to take advantage of these attributes to meet needs, and to make use of our buildings and our equipment more effective and efficient.
Proper orientation is critical to optimizing the solar resource. A properly oriented building can optimize solar gain for human comfort heating, and with proper shape and overhangs can minimize summertime overheating. Likewise, properly oriented solar equipment, be it a solar water heating panel or a photovoltaic electricity generating panel, will have optimum production and minimal negative impact. Using natural winter heating and minimizing summer heat impacts reduces the size of heating and air conditioning equipment as well as the energy, traditional or photovoltaic, needed to provide energy to these systems. Additionally, proper orientation allows for full benefit of the operation of electric solar panels and maximizing solar water heating operations.
| Proper building orientation also eases the integration of active solar equipment into the building form and shape, and mitigates the conflicts of solar installations contested in numerous subdivisions regulations.
Proper orientation with direct exposure to the south, is best for passive solar heating of building spaces as well as the operation of solar equipment (water heaters, pv panels, cookers, pool panels, etc.). slight adjustments to the east or west of south allow for earlier or later use of the sun's energy, or for mitigating it.
FORM - It’s a right thing
|Solar buildings employ a form and shape that is responsive to the elements of nature that impact upon it, as well as the solar equipment that is part of the passive/active solar approach. Elongated along the east west axis, an Arizona building optimizes the southern exposure for good wintertime direct heating, while minimizing the east and west exposures which are severely impacted negatively in the summer, especially in the Arizona desert areas. Good building form is also beneficial when it comes to integration of solar equipment. Instead of unsightly racks, collector panels can be blended into the building architecture, and seem as seamless as a skylight or clerestory window.
For this reason roof design is important re: slopes and orientations to the sun’s path. (slide 28) Equally important is the integration of passive solar strategies to building additions such as thermal chimneys to accelerate cross ventilation, cooling towers, and north facing clerestories which incorporate hot water and pv panels on their back sides.
LOCATION - It’s the effective thing
|Location of a building and the placement of the spaces within are a critical passive element in optimizing the use of natural resources for comfort, and proper placement also optimizes integrated solar equipment by minimizing piping runs and complex plumbing and electrical transfers. 90% of the winter sun’s energy is received at the earth’s surface between 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. so open and continued exposure is important for natural heating. Habitable spaces that benefit from solar heating are best located on the south side of a building with support spaces (garage, storerooms, etc.) located to the perimeter and to the north side. In this way the sun can directly, or indirectly, provide it’s energy to warm the spaces which means less heating equipment.
Additionally, ancillary spaces located to the perimeter east and west sides provide a thermal barrier zone to the habitable spaces, thereby reducing the heating and cooling loads to an easily manageable level. Proper orientation and spatial design allows for optimum use of the sun for providing thermal comfort in both winter and summer, and reduces the amount of heating and cooling equipment, as well as the energy required to run it. Additionally, proper location can reduce the amount of solar equipment needed in a radiant floor system and/or for pv systems which provide power to air conditioning and heating machinery.
|Good location planning extends to the integration of solar equipment as a building component by reducing piping runs and the commensurate “line losses” , thereby allowing more of the solar heat captured in a water heating system to get to the storage and/or use point.
MATERIALS - It’s the smart thing:
All solar heating and cooling systems are based on the ability to gather and store solar energy within a material for a period of time. This is accomplished by using a material which will hold heat until it is needed for heating, or capturing heat that will be dispelled at a later time. Solar water heaters use water. Solar buildings use their own structure - floors, walls, even roofs. Of course, some materials are better for this purpose than others. Glass, wood, and insulation are not good holders of heat. More dense materials like earthen materials (adobe, stone, brick, etc) and man-made materials like concrete are very good. This attribute is called thermal mass.
Heating application of thermal mass is to select material(s) that will absorb heat from solar exposure during the day, hold that heat for a time during non-solar periods, then give it up as conditions warrant. The same action can be incorporated for building cooling. As an area heats up, heat can be absorbed into the thermal mass material in the walls, floor or ceiling, like a thermal sponge, then held until evening time where effective cooling practices using cross ventilation, night sky radiation and even whole house mechanical ventilation (remember - nighttime electricity rates are lower than daytime). This action is based upon fundamental principles of thermal transfer.
Nature is always seeking to even out things so if there is a “difference”, there is a natural action which moves to make every thing the same or to even out. In the case of heat transfer, heat migrates to cold, so in a building, hot walls will radiate into cold spaces, and conversely, hot, summertime spaces will have their heat migrate to cooler walls. An analogy that has been used is one of 2 buckets of water - 1 full and one empty. If they are placed at an equal height, and there is a connection between the 2, below the water line of the first, water will flow to the second until there is an equal amount in the second where all action will stop because a balance has
Passive solar buildings utilize the very fabric of the building as part of the comfort system for heating and cooling, and the addition of active solar system for running naturally heated or cooled water to through a thermal mass wall, floor, or roof structure enhances the performance of the system by the additional thermal mass capacity and heat capture/transfer attributes of the
WINDOWS - It’s the clear thing.
One of the major design considerations affecting a building’s energy consumption is the location and size of windows. Windows are the weakest point of the building envelope and usually the leakiest when it comes to energy, both in terms of losing heat in the winter, and gaining heat in the summer. A square foot of glass will lose 12 time more energy than a wood wall with insulation. As a rule, windows should be located primarily on the south side where they can be used as part of the heating system, as well as provide for natural lighting. That is the side where the sun is!. East and west sides of desert buildings should have minimal or no windows since these are the 2 worst exposures for early morning and late afternoon summer sun. East windows allow for early summer morning heat up and west windows allow for late afternoon negative impacts.
Solar windows should be sized in accordance with the heating and cooling performance of the building. Typical oversizing to have the “feel of the great outdoors” is not an optimal situation when it comes to solar design.
Clerestorey windows are a design tool for getting sunlight benefits (heating and lighting) to areas not able to be located at the south face. Clerestories also provide a mechanism for diffusing the direct impact of sunlight and moderating glare. Additionally, operable clerestorey windows are a good device for house ventilation cooling in the summer.
Reverse clerestories, those opening to the north can be a benefit in desert conditions . Facing north, they provide even natural light to interiors and their angled backs can be a perfect mounting structure and angle for solar equipment like photovoltaic and solar water heating panels.
THERMAL DECOMPRESSION - It’s the healthy thing
A building trying to maintain a comfortable internal temperature will always be in conflict with the temperatures adjacent to the exterior. Heat always moves to cold - in the winter , interior warmth is moving toward the exterior cold. In the summer, the external heat is trying to move to the interior coolness. In both situations, the greater the difference in temperature between inside and outside conditions, the faster the movement of heat and the greater the amount of heat moved, and the more equipment is required to mitigate conditions.
In temperate times when inside and outside are at or near the same temperatures, there is minimal movement and therefore minimal need for equipment. Add to this the fact that sudden and abrupt changes in temperature are not positive to the human body which has to react rapidly to changed conditions, and good passive site planning of thermal decompression is important for not only comfort, but for health.
Thermal decompression simply means that there is layering of vegetation, landscape features, and built elements that gradually temper the environment to a point where the temperatures adjacent to the building are much closer to its internal temperature. This decompression approach establishes a condition where the difference between the internal temperature and the temperature on the building skin are much closer, so less heat is gained (or lost) and less mitigating equipment, and commensurate energy, is required.
PASSIVE SOLAR APPLICATIONS - It’s first thing
Natural Lighting -
|The sunlight received by a building will provide more than sufficient illumination to meet daily needs. Use of day lighting is a passive solar application. The sun’s capacity to provide light, when integrated correctly in a building, means no need to use artificial lighting during the day, which means no energy used for those lights, which means no utility cost, except at night when the sun doesn’t shine. Solar building design incorporates day lighting strategies of letting light into all spaces either directly with proper window placement, clerestories and even skylights, or indirectly with light reflecting color choices, light shelves, and transparent and translucent walls. This glazing has dual benefit - while providing for illumination, it can also provide for wintertime heating. Good passive design then incorporates both attributes of sunlight - illumination and heating, and the building construction and finishes are used to capitalize on both. Light colored surfaces and transparent/translucent interior panels for “bouncing” or directing sunlight for illumination, and dark, thermal mass surfaces for absorbing the sun’s rays for heating. Multi-faceted and multi-applicable, day lighting design is an effective passive solar approach which has a direct impact on the building’s
However, addition of a solar electricity generation system (photovoltaics) allows for the capture of daytime sunlight and its transformation into electricity, which can then be stored and used in the night. Add to this the use of efficient fixtures and systems, and costs in both resources and dollars are further reduced.
Water Heating -
Batch or Integrated Collector/Storage (ICS) System
Simply water in a tank within a container and exposed directly to the sun. This is the basis of batch/ breadbox, systems which combine collection, heating, and storage of water into a single component. Direct heating of the storage tank or tanks, makes this system compact, simple, and effective. These units are called a passive systems because they do not rely on equipment to make them function. When hot water is removed, it is replaced by an equal amount of "new" water.
The "batch" approach has been used for quite some time and improvements in design have enhanced their effectiveness in increasing water heating capabilities. Newer systems use a number of small-diameter connected storage tanks connected to expose more of the water surface to the sunlight, heating the water at a faster rate. In some cases reflectors are integrated, bouncing more of the sun's rays onto the water tank, and when the sun falls, the reflectors, made of highly insulating material, fold over the glazing to insulate the tank. Some systems use evacuated glass tubes (like a thermos bottle) around the collector to keep heat loss to a minimum. Thermosyphon Systems.
|Hot water rises and cold water settles. This is because hot water is less dense than cold water due to its molecular "excitement" in being heated. In a typical water heater, colder water is at the bottom of a tank. When it is heated by the heating element or burner, it becomes less dense and rises to the top of the tank, while being replaced by cooler, settling water, which is, in turn heated, rises, etc.. This cycle is called a convective action. A thermosyphon solar water heating system incorporates natural convection to move fluid heated by the collector to a storage tank. In order to do this naturaly, the collector is located at some point below the storage storage tank. As the fluid at the bottom of the storage tank cools (more dense) it flows to the bottom of the collector where it is reheated making it rise back to the top of the storage tank. This process is continuous. As a result, thermosyphon systems do not need pumps and for that reason they are considered a passive system - that system that does not rely on equipment to make it function.
|Passive solar applications for heating and cooling a building mitigate expensive heating and cooling with conventional equipment driven by electricity and gas, and good passive design reduces the energy consumed and the allied cost of utility resources to maintain comfort.
There are basic elements of passive energy buildings which use the form and materials to provide comfort. Some of these are applicable to solar equipment design and use, even to the point where there is solar equipment which are passive in their operation - i.e. thermal energy flows in the system naturally. Solar water heating is one type of equipment that can be a passive solar piece of equipment. A “batch” water heater and a thermosiphon water heater can be considered passive solar equipment - since they do not rely on out side energy source to make them function. Of course, when talking about passive and active solar, optimum conditions and control occur best when these two are coupled.
Basics of passive applications are rooted in dealing with the sun (exposure to and capture of the sun’s energy when we want heat; protection from the sun when we want cooling), the materials used (for effective capture, storage, and use), and natural processes of physics for both). Every passive system for solar heating, whether it is heating water, or heating a building, requires exposure to the sunlight and trapping it - this is done by glazing - windows for a building and glass covers for solar panels. Every passive system is dependent upon materials which will absorb the sun’s heat, store a good quantity of it and easily distribute it. In a building, the effective material can be the structure itself, in the form of thermal mass.
Thermal mass is characterized by those dense materials like concrete and earthen materials, and also by an extremely good material - water. These materials can readily absorb solar radiation, hold its warmth, and easily and evenly give it up to adjacent spaces.
|Heat capture, storage and distribution follow a natural and predictable behavior. Sunlight heats the surfaces it strikes. The amount of heat held within the material depends on the material composition - straw is a terrible holder, concrete is a better holder. When sunlight is no longer available the material gives its’ captured heat to adjacent cooler conditions.
Generally there are 3 passive heating building concepts - Direct Gain, Indirect Gain and Isolated Gain These concepts have inherent within them cooling strategies and applications as well.
Direct Gain -
Simply stated, sunlight comes directly through windows into the space to be heated.
The building materials struck by the sunlight are thermal mass materials - concrete/tile floor, masonry walls, or even strategically placed containers of water.
Building windows act in exactly the same way as solar panel glazing - they let the sunlight (short wave radiation) in and inhibit heat (long wave radiation) from escape. Direct gain design system is always working, letting in not only direct sunlight but also the diffuse light of cloudy days, and the intense light of summer.
Like any system, optimization is the goal - so the building eaves and overhangs become a designed-in optimizing element - summertime conditions, when heating is not required, are mitigated by keeping the sunlight off of the windows via the overhang, while in the winter, the sun is much lower in the sky and can easily skirt under the building’s brow.
Heating is quite simple in this approach - sunlight, absorbed by the thermal mass materials, solid and/or liquid, is stored as heat. When the space cools in the evening, the heat migrates to the cooling spaces directly (radiation) or by air movement across the surface of the material (convection). For this approach, a careful consideration of the site, solar energy availability, and seasonal conditions, are all necessary to determine the appropriate amount of windows and thermal mass. Too many windows in an Arizona desert setting will result in a human cooker; too few windows in a Rim setting will result in not enough capture.
This system has worked effectively in Arizona designs, as well as that sunniest of place of Liverpool, England.
For effective cooling, such as the desert setting, Direct Gain Avoidance is the rule, BUT the thermal mass of the building can still be used in the cooling cycle. The materials, by nature of their thermal mass attribute, remain cool (or can be cooled during nighttime conditions - naturally by cross ventilation, or mechanical y by lowest cost energy driven fans). This coolness allows their absorption of unwanted heat in the building - acting as a sort of thermal sponge, moving heat away from people and holding to the evening, where cross ventilation or even whole house fans can dispose of the captured heat. Control of Direct Gain systems is done with the addition of movable insulation, either on the exterior or with interior blinds, and cross ventilation planning with placement of low wall vents on the cool side of the building, and high wall vents on the warm side of the building.
Indirect Gain -
Indirect gain is an “next step” of a Direct Gain system. Sunlight penetrates south facing windows, then strikes thermal mass located behind the window and between the sun and living space. There are basically three types of indirect gain systems, each defined by where the thermal mass is located. The three strategies are:
Thermal Wall and Plenum
Thermal Wall and Plenum -
South facing windows front a thermal mass wall of masonry, and/or water, placed directly behind to create a vertical plenum or chase. The sun side of the thermal wall is typically dark to capture more of the solar spectrum. This mass absorbs, stores and distributes heat while acting as a buffer to the interior spaces, and moderates temperature changes and provides for extended use of thermal gain well into the evening. Sunlight passes through the glass and converts to heat energy as it impacts the thermal mass and is absorbed, slowly saturating or moving through the mass until it radiates into the living space - the wall is a delayed action radiator.
At the same time the air trapped between the windows and the mass heats up, and the addition of vents at the top and bottom of the wall allow for direct passive heating. Warmed between the glass and the wall spills into the living space through the opened upper vent and since Nature abhors a vacuum, cooler room area enters the plenum through the bottom vent, and is heated by the sun warmed wall, rises, spills into the room and is replaced by cooler air again, and this natural convection process continues as long as there is sunlight. There are a number of examples of this application - the Trombe wall which uses masonry, earthen materials like, and water like Steve Baer’s water barrel. Variations in thermal mass wall materials vary from commercial water tubes to incorporation of stone.
The Baer barrel wall installation provides for optimizing the heating capabilities as well as cooling of the adjacent spaces with the addition of movable insulating panels. During Winter conditions, Insulating panels are moved to allow for solar access to heat the water barrels, then at night the insulating panels are raised to cover the glazing and the barrels radiate their warmth to the space. In the summer heat, the insulation is raised and the barrels, with their cool water, act as absorbers, pulling unwanted heat from the spaces. At nightfall, the insulation is lowered, and the barrels give up their stored heat to the exterior by radiation and convection. the water, now cooled, is ready to act as a cooling absorber the next day.
Sunspaces are a combination of Direct Gain and Thermal Wall systems, utilizing both approaches in tandem with a dedicated Direct Gain area (Sunspace) adjacent (fronting) the living space, with a Thermal Wall placed between the two. The Sunspace, has extensive south glazing and large daily fluctuations, while the adjacent living space is protected from these fluctuations by the Thermal Wall separating the spaces. Vents or operable doors and windows in the Thermal Wall allow warmed Sunspace heat to circulate to adjacent living spaces by natural convective actions during the day, and radiate the absorbed Sunspace heat to the living spaces in the evening. An additional usable area, Sunspaces are often used as solar greenhouses. Temperature control is best achieved with operable venting windows and cross ventilation.
Sunspaces - green houses:
Thermal Roof -
The thermal Roof approach places thermal mass on the roof rather than at a wall, and is very effective as both a passive heating and cooling strategy. The system is both a radiator and an absorber and replaces standard heating and cooling mechanical systems and the inherent ductwork distribution system. Using water as thermal mass, roof ponds are constructed directly on top of heat conducting ceilings of metal pans or metal decking so there is direct thermal transfer. Movable insulation is placed above the ponds to facilitate better retention of heat in the winter and to prevent absorption of external heat in the summer.
The operation is quite simple. During wintertime conditions, insulating panels are rolled or pivoted back, exposing water contained in UV inhibiting water beds to the sun. The ponds gather the sun’s warmth and at nightfall, the insulating panels are replaced to contain the gained heat and prevent loss to the cold night air. The heat stored in the bags, warms the supporting metal decking and the entire ceiling is a radiant ceiling throughout the cold winter night. The next morning, the insulating panels are removed when the sun appears and the cycle begins again.
Summer cooling is a reverse process. Ponds, covered during the daytime heat, remain cool and act in concert with the supporting metal ceilings as a thermal sponge absorbing interior heat generated from people, equipment, and infiltration from the outside. At night, panels are removed and the ponds throw off their gathered heat to the night sky by means of radiation, convections, and if wet down, by evaporation.
Roof pond heating and cooling is optimized when all living spaces except the bathrooms and high water use areas are covered by the system. In areas that generate humidity, like a shower, the metal ceilings will tend to “rain” due to the temperature difference of steam vapors and cool metal.
Roof ponds, like Harold Hay’s Skytherm system, have been designed and used in the hot climate of Arizona and New Mexico to the moderate temperatures of the California coast and even planned for the twin cities of Minneapolis/St. Paul.
Isolated Gain -
|This is basically an indirect system where solar collection for heating are isolated from the living spaces, and while the system functions independently, heating can be called for by simply opening some floor vents and letting the natural behavior of hot air rise through the spaces. The most common application of this approach is the convective loop. Much like a thermosiphon water heater, heat transfer material of air or water, is moved across a collector panel system facing the sun, and circulated into a tank surrounded by rock (water transfer system) or a rock bin (air transfer system) in a continuous operating loop. Natural thermosiphoning occurs when the collector is lower than the heat storage area which is usually located under the building.
A hybrid of this system can include moving heated water or air through a radiant floor system where the masonry floor itself acts as the thermal mass storage. This variation can also use cool water to create a “cool” floor by running house supply water, or water from an adjacent pool, through a floor system.
Cool Towers -
| Evaporative cooling systems which utilize gravity effect on dense, cooled air to drop and spill into living spaces. The system is comprised of wet cooler pads mounted high in an area which provides no obstructions to air movement, which comes into contact with the pads. The warm dry air contacting the wet pads, cool and becomes more dense and heavier and falls down the tower, usually positioned over or adjacent to a major living space. The falling cool air, spills into the living space, pushing warmer out at strategic venting areas. As the process continues, the cooler air ponds in the area, providing a cool environment in Az. desert conditions.
A variation to this system is the addition of a south facing thermal chimney to pull cool tower air through the house. Located at an opposite location from the cool tower, the thermal chimney provides an escape vent for interior warm air , which moves more quickly as it get heated and is driven out. This rapid venting has a drawing effect on the cool tower air and it is distributed more extensively through the building. The solar chimney can be set up to become a recirculating air heater during winter conditions.
Natural Cooling -
There are three sources of undesirable heat - direct summer sun solar gains through windows and glazing; heat transmission through the building envelope; and internal heat produced by people, their activities, and their equipment. Direct solar heat gain at windows and glazing can be easily controlled by shading the house - preventing the sun from reaching it (except for good day lighting and operation of solar equipment) and with external shading devices and vegetation as well as thermal insulating shutters. Heat transmission conditions can be nullified by setting up layers of thermal decompression with vegetation, built structure like porches, and water features. While there is not much that can be done to reduce natural heat production by people, equipment heat generation can be impacted by careful selection of energy efficient equipment and by good timing - do the laundry in the evening.
Use of the sun for food preparation is fun, energy saving, and saves money, both in the cooking operation, and in the cooling costs saved when the heat is taken out of the kitchen during the summer. A variety of cooking tools from box cookers to slat faced ovens are available - whether they be commercial products or hand built by the inspiring solar chef.
Passive Solar Energy has many faces and applications and an effective Passive solar building incorporates many of these elements. Natural processes and incorporation of building and site elements to provide for comfort as well as mitigation of untoward conditions are the hallmark of good passive design, and results in establishing a basis for reduction of equipment (solar and otherwise) for achieving comfort, and reduction of equipment purchase and operations costs. Passive solar energy is Direct,
This presentation was constructed by the Arizona Solar Energy Association for the Arizona Solar Center, Inc. under contract with the Arizona Dept. of Commerce Energy Office, funded by the Dept. of Energy Million Solar Roofs program. Materials and information were provided by a number of sources.
Financial support for this presentation has been provided by the Arizona Department of Commerce (Energy Office) and the U.S. Department of Energy through (DOE) Grant No. DE-FG51-01R021250. However, any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Energy Office or U.S. DOE. The State of Arizona and U.S. DOE assume no liability for damages arising from errors, omissions or representations contained in this presentation. | <urn:uuid:18749c72-d97f-4add-a437-3b6a218805e9> | 2013-05-24T01:49:56Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Most American parents would find the material in an NC-17 film clearly inappropriate for children. The film may contain explicit sex scenes, sexually oriented language, or scenes of excessive violence. The NC-17 rating does not mean the film is pornographic.
When judging whether a movie is appropriate for your child, don't rely simply on the rating. Film companies have learned to manipulate the system to their advantage, and many times a rating can be misleading. For example, producers of an otherwise G-rated movie will insert one four-letter word to get a PG rating, since PG movies historically do better at the box office than G-rated ones. Another reason a rating isn't a perfect measure of a film's suitability for kids is that it doesn't take into consideration the sophistication or "fright factor" of a film's plot. While a G film, for example, may not contain any sex, violence, or foul language, it can include the death of a character's parent, an event that may be deeply upsetting to youngsters. Keep in mind that Disney animation classics like Sleeping Beauty, Snow White, Dumbo, The Lion King, and, of course, Bambi all contain sad and scary scenes that have caused many a nightmare. | <urn:uuid:3d35278b-2a8e-4ede-bcc3-f2d5800c4764> | 2013-05-24T01:58:06Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Phi Alpha Theta
History Honor Society, Inc.
We are a professional society whose mission is to promote the study of history through the encouragement of research, good teaching, publication and the exchange of learning and ideas among historians. We seek to bring students, teachers and writers of history together for intellectual and social exchanges, which promote and assist historical research and publication by our members in a variety of ways..
The National Honor Society in History, Phi Alpha Theta, was established at the University of Arkansas on March 17, 1921 by Nels Andrew N. Cleven. Nels Andrew Nelson Cleven was born on December 21, 1874 in Lake Mills, Iowa. He began his teaching career in public schools in 1894 before receiving two bachelor's degrees (PhB and EdB) from the University of Chicago in 1906. Nels Andrew Nelson Cleven earned his PhD from the university of Munich in 1913, and taught at San Diego High School and Junior College until 1918. From 1918 to19 he worked as a research assistant for the War Trade Board's Bureau of Research and Statistics in Washington, D.C. In September 1919 Dr. Cleven moved to Fayetteville after accepting an assistant professorship from Dr. David Yancey Thomas, Head of the Department of History and Political Science at the University of Arkansas. Dr. Cleven and his wife Hilma soon found Fayetteville and this unique region of the Ozarks to their liking. They frequently chaperoned the social activities of campus fraternities and sororities, organizations for which Dr. Cleven previously had little regard. These gatherings would inspire what he termed "the Phi Alpha Theta idea." The possibility of "diffusing information through socialized avenues," he wrote later, "was due to the kindly cooperation of my students in Arkansas." He came to regard fraternities as "an essential spirit of the age...searchers all for Truth in History." Such societies were crucial because "the human side of scholarship needs to be nurtured and thought made articulate." Despite the national proliferation of social and professional fraternities during this period, he discovered there were no societies in History, a deficiency he was determined to remedy. In his mind he envisioned a secret fraternity, open to women as well as men, which would embrace the "entire History of Mankind." By chance, a painting depicting ancient Assyria and featuring a six-pointed Star of Divinity hung on the wall of his classroom. The star became the central symbol for the History fraternity. On March 14, 1921 Dr. Cleven presided over a meeting in his classroom with a group of History students. Those present voted to create the University Historical Society. Officers were elected and Constitutional, Program and Membership committees were appointed. Even though Dr. Cleven regarded this meeting as the anniversary date for the founding of Phi Alpha Theta, it was not until a month later that the name Phi Alpha Theta was formally adopted. . | <urn:uuid:a79f20d1-5242-48ca-97a7-878b35643445> | 2013-05-24T01:56:58Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Poll: Govt insincere over far South
- Published: 20/08/2012 at 11:37 AM
- Online news:
Nine out of ten people in the restive southern border provinces think the government is not sincere in its handling of the insurgency problem, according to the results of Bangkok Poll revealed on Monday.
The poll, commissioned by Bangkok University, was conducted on 427 people aged 18 or more in Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat and Songkhla provinces from Aug 7-14. The margin of error was given as plus or minus 5.
Asked if they thought the government was sincere about solving the problems, a huge 90.4 per cent of the respondents said "no" and only 9.6 per cent said "yes."
A majority, 59.2 per cent, thought the government is not on the right track in trying to solve the problem and 34.7 per cent were still uncertain. Only 6.1 per cent said the government's approach has been correct.
When asked whether a curfew would help reduce the violence in the region, 43.4 per cent thought it would not be of any help, 16.7 per cent believed it would, and 39.9 per cent were uncertain.
Asked if they were satisfied with the government's security forces operating in the area, 70.5 per cent said "no" and 29.5 per cent said "yes."
More than 90 per cent of the respondents said they could not see any sign there would be an improvement in the situation in the next three to six months.
About the author
- Writer: Online Reporters
Position: Online Reporters | <urn:uuid:1c1a805a-ca32-48de-a181-b1be6f61bd48> | 2013-05-24T01:44:47Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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We performed a site update on April 16, 2013. Please let the admin know if you User_talk:Admin#APRIL_16.2C_2013 encounter any issues. All updates have been performed.
From BR Bullpen
Jen-Ho Tseng (曾仁和)
- Bats Left, Throws Right
- Height 6' 1", Weight 198 lb.
- High School Sanmin Senior High School
Biographical Information
Tseng was 0-1 with a 1.80 ERA in the 2011 Asian Junior Championship. In the 2012 World Junior Championship, he was superb at 3-0, 0.84 with a save. In 21 1/3 innings, he fanned 22 and allowed only 12 hits and 2 walks. He beat Canada, South Korea and Colombia. He was second in the event in strikeouts (four behind Shintaro Fujinami), led in wins and tied Jae-min Shim for the most appearances (6). He was named the tourney's All-Star relief pitcher.
Jen-Ho then was the only high schooler picked for Taiwan's squad in the 2013 World Baseball Classic Qualifiers, 3 1/2 years younger than Yao-Lin Wang, the next-youngest). He made his lone appearance in their 9-0 win over New Zealand in the finale. Relieving Kai-Wen Cheng with a 7-0 lead in the 7th, he retired Moko Moanaroa then walked Beau Bishop. Tseng recovered to fan two players with minor league experience in the US, Alan Schoenberger and Tim Auty, to end the inning. He was replaced by Yen-Feng Lin in the 8th. He remained with Taiwan for the 2012 Asian Championship, going 1-0 and tossing six shutout innings; he beat rival South Korea to help ensure Taiwan getting a Silver Medal and Korea the Bronze. | <urn:uuid:1c1e8019-ced7-496e-9af1-ae5fb43807ae> | 2013-05-24T01:39:20Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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atom smasher (at'-uhm smash-uhr) noun. An espacular blocked shot in which the ball is knocked out of bounds with incredible speed and force (sometimes nearing or surpassing escape velocity). Usually accompanied by a loud crashing or smacking sound, followed by frenzied screaming, flexing, and/or finger-wagging by the blocker. Often results in an ego-ectomy of the blockee.
Usage example: Alonzo Mourning doles out a pretty wicked atom smasher.
Word Usage: The atom smasher should not be confused with the smother chicken. In the case of the smother chicken, the defending team usually gains control of the ball and can therefore initiate a fastbreak scenario. While the atom smasher is a showy and often intimidating maneuver, the offensive team typically retains possession of the ball in all but a very few cases. If the offensive team is able to score after enduring an atom smasher, it can induce a reverse ego-ectomy on the blocker/defending team.Hey Chris, let me know how that ball tastes. | <urn:uuid:270c1b95-da44-4d7f-a195-a7b840d6cc54> | 2013-05-24T02:04:34Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Michael Jackson memorial plaque for Thriller theatre
A memorial is to be erected at a West End theatre in London on the eve of the first anniversary of the death of US pop sensation Michael Jackson.
He died last year just 18 days before he was due to perform 50 sell-out dates at London's O2 Arena.
The plaque will be unveiled on 24 June in the foyer of the Lyric Theatre, where the show Thriller Live is currently playing.
It features a string of hits from Jackson's solo and Jackson 5 career.
Fans flocked to the theatre after Jackson's death on 25 June, and they created a shrine of candles, tributes, flowers and 40 books of condolence.
The ceremony for the plaque will be attended by Britain's Got Talent 2009 winners, dance group Diversity, who had been booked to appear at Jackson's London concerts.
Thriller Live's cast will also attend the event and, before Friday night's performance, six of the youngsters who have played Jackson in the production will sing Speechless - The Tribute.
The song was originally recorded by Jackson and is being released this month in aid of War Child.
The show's executive director, Adrian Grant, said: "The sentiment behind the song, and what it now means to me in Michael's passing, truly reflects the emotions one feels due to his loss - those of sadness, but also remembering the joy he gave the world as we celebrate his life." | <urn:uuid:b13def1e-ffcd-42f3-94b3-a5a2b43916b4> | 2013-05-24T01:31:02Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Senior Labour ministers 'predicted loss under Brown'
Some of Gordon Brown's senior cabinet ministers took part in the election campaign believing Labour could not win under him, Lord Mandelson has claimed.
The ex-business secretary, in his memoirs, says the then PM feared voters did not want "five more years" of him.
He recalls minister Douglas Alexander calling Labour's position "futile", while Chancellor Alistair Darling said the party was "going to lose".
The PM offered to resign within a year if he won the election, the book adds.
The Times, which has paid to serialise extracts from Lord Mandelson's book The Third Man, also suggests there were disputes between 10 Downing Street and the Treasury over tax policy.
The book, due to be published later this month, is the latest in a series of reminiscences by key figures in New Labour.'Finished'
Former No 10 communications director Alastair Campbell published the first uncut volume of his diaries last month while former Prime Minister Tony Blair's autobiography will go on sale in September. Mr Brown, who stood down after Labour lost the election in May, is also writing a book.
Publishing a second day of extracts from Lord Mandelson's memoirs, the Times says he quoted a string of ministers casting doubt on whether a fourth-term Labour victory was possible under Mr Brown.
It says he recounted a cabinet meeting last October, in which deputy leader Harriet Harman urged Labour's campaign to focus on future, family and fairness.
Lord Mandelson, who was chairing the meeting, adds that he, Mr Alexander and Mr Darling instead proposed three "F-words" of their own: "futile"; "finished"; and "f***ed".
He suggests Mr Darling told him before the end of 2009 that Labour was "going to lose" while Lord Mandelson himself acknowledged the same to then Foreign Secretary David Miliband.
As well as offering to stay in office for a year - if Labour had won - to oversee the recovery and then make way, Lord Mandelson also states Mr Brown offered to hold a "mega-referendum" on a number of issues in 2011 and to quit if this did not go his way.
In an interview accompanying the serialisation, Lord Mandelson told the Times that there was a "raw" and "agonised" debate about the state of the party and its leadership in the summer and autumn of 2009.National interest
However, he said he did not need to "think twice" that Mr Brown should stay in place amid attempts to unseat him by colleagues in July.
Removing Mr Brown then - given the state of the economy and the major decisions that he had taken - would not have been putting the country's "interest first".
Amid reported wrangling between No 10 and the Treasury, Lord Mandelson suggested in his memoir that Mr Brown rejected a proposal from the chancellor to raise VAT while Mr Darling quashed calls for any future VAT rises to be ruled out.
The former business secretary also claims that, towards the end of Mr Blair's time in power, there was an "insurgency" among Mr Brown's supporters, pushing for him to become prime minister.
Questioned on BBC Two's Daily Politics about his alleged comments, Mr Darling said: "It was always obvious for anyone to see that we had real difficulties."
But he refused to provide a "running commentary", adding that there would "be a time when a mature consideration of what Labour did in its 13 years, the good as well as the not so good", was appropriate.
Speaking on BBC Radio 4's Today programme, shadow education secretary and Labour leadership contender Ed Balls - a close Brown ally - dismissed suggestions that he had been part of an attempted "coup" against Tony Blair as "absolute total nonsense".
He said: "I was never involved in an insurgency. I was very close to Gordon Brown but I also saw Tony Blair very regularly. But we had our disagreements."
Lord Mandelson was brought back into the cabinet by Gordon Brown in 2008, having previously been thought to have been at loggerheads with him.
The peer, who resigned twice from the government under Tony Blair, stood down from Labour's front bench after its election defeat. | <urn:uuid:98db9b69-ce05-47bf-a2e9-60e329bd8ef0> | 2013-05-24T02:07:29Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Sir Elton John calls modern songwriters 'pretty awful'
Sir Elton John has described today's songwriters as "pretty awful" and says he is "not a fan" of TV talent shows.
The singer told the Radio Times he refused to be a judge on American Idol "because I won't slag anyone off" and also found TV boring.
He also defended his decision to perform at the wedding of right-wing US talk show host Rush Limbaugh, who has been accused of homophobia.
"I'm a builder of bridges and knocker-down of walls," the 63-year-old said.
The singer, who entered into a civil partnership with long-term partner David Furnish in 2005, will reportedly receive one million dollars (£629,000) for the appearance.
But he said: "I was incensed when people said I was throwing away 40 years of credibility for money. No. I don't need it.
End Quote Chris
Elton is right, creative artists are few and far between”
"No-one was more surprised than I when Rush asked. Politically we're opposites. It was an opportunity to break the ice."'Rigours of showbiz'
Sir Elton told the Radio Times: "I'm not a fan of talent shows. I probably wouldn't have lasted if I'd gone on one.
"Also I don't want to be on television. It's become boring, arse-paralysingly brain crippling. I like Simon Cowell [creator of X Factor], but what he does is TV entertainment.
"TV vaults you to superstardom and then you have to back it up, which is hard. [X Factor winners] Leona Lewis and Alexandra Burke are at the mercy of the next song they can get."
He said Britain's Got Talent star Susan Boyle was "an endearing phenomenon", but "might not understand the rigours of showbusiness".
Sir Elton also said he admired stars such as Lily Allen, Amy Winehouse and Lady Gaga, but added: "It's important they write their own songs, so they're not at the mercy of anyone.
"Songwriters today are pretty awful, which is why everything sounds the same. Contemporary pop isn't very inspiring."
Sir Elton, who is in talks about creating a musical version of George Orwell's Animal Farm, used the interview to criticise the failure to award Strictly Come Dancing host Bruce Forsyth a knighthood.
"I grew up with Sunday Night At The London Palladium and it's an outrage that [former compere] Bruce Forsyth hasn't been knighted," he said.
"I told him that, and wrote a letter to the honours committee. He's part of our lives, like Rolf Harris - a clever, incredibly witty man who always made me feel good." | <urn:uuid:e9c1af5c-dc72-4dcc-948c-329319e430d8> | 2013-05-24T01:53:15Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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If you have a crush on someone, the best thing to do is become friends first. By being friends you'll get to know him better and know if all the things you like about him from a distance still hold true close up. If you're already friends with your secret crush, be honest with yourself. Does it seem like he's interested in you? Is he always talking about other girls around you, or even asking other girls out? If he's making it clear that he's not interested in you in by saying things like, "You're such a great pal," you might want to think twice before you declare your love for him. that way But if the two of you really are close and you think that he might be too shy to make the first move, or that he has no clue that you like him, then tell him how you feel. Okay, not exactly how you feel. You probably don't want to tell him you think he's more handsome that Matt Damon, or more intelligent than Einstein. But there's no harm in starting with little hints like inviting him to a school dance, to see a movie, or even asking him if he could ever see the two of you going out. Teenage crushes come and go so don't get upset if it doesn't work out.
Do you have teenage crushes? Get tips for talking to your crush at BeingGirl.com. | <urn:uuid:93c5bea3-9dee-4933-9556-145ae0a88299> | 2013-05-24T01:50:17Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange has said he will "almost certainly" ignore a surrender notice issued to him by Scotland Yard.
Assange has spent nine nights inside the Embassy of Ecuador in London since last week seeking political asylum as part of his bid to avoid extradition to Sweden, where he is wanted for questioning about alleged sex offences.
The 40-year-old told the BBC's Newsnight programme that he will not be heeding the note delivered by officers from the Metropolitan Police on Thursday morning telling him to attend Belgravia police station at 11.30am on Friday.
Asked if he would be going to the central London police station, he said: "Our advice is that asylum law both internationally and domestically takes precedence over extradition law so almost certainly not."
Assange is under diplomatic protection in the embassy and cannot be arrested by police unless he steps outside the building in Knightsbridge.
Scotland Yard declined to comment further, but in a statement released earlier a spokesman said: "The Metropolitan Police Service have this morning, Thursday 28 June, served a surrender notice upon a 40-year-old man that requires him to attend a police station at date and time of our choosing.
"This is standard practice in extradition cases and is the first step in the removal process. He remains in breach of his bail conditions, failing to surrender would be a further breach of conditions and he is liable to arrest."
Assange, a computer expert who is on £200,000 bail, faces accusations of raping a woman and sexually molesting and coercing another in Stockholm in August 2010 while on a visit to give a lecture. The Australian says the sex was consensual and the allegations against him are politically motivated.
The WikiLeaks website has published a mass of leaked diplomatic cables that embarrassed several governments and international businesses. Last month the Supreme Court upheld a High Court ruling that Assange's extradition was legal. Last week the same court refused an attempt by him to reopen his appeal against extradition, saying it was "without merit".
Ecuador is currently considering Assange's application for asylum in the South American country. | <urn:uuid:071b66ba-1d1f-4571-ac4b-57ab12c5b045> | 2013-05-24T01:31:27Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Yemeni leaders have led a sombre ceremony to mark the country's national day, scaling back celebrations a day after a suicide bombing killed nearly 100 soldiers during a rehearsal for a military parade.
President Abed Rabbo Mansour Hadi, along with senior military commanders, government officials and foreign diplomats, took part in a small, symbolic parade inside Sanaa's Aviation Academy. Mr Hadi sat behind a bulletproof glass shield with his armoured car parked nearby.
Security concerns were paramount at the ceremony after Monday's suicide attack, when a Yemeni soldier detonated a bomb hidden in his uniform during a rehearsal for National Day, which marks the 1990 reunification of north and south Yemen.
A total of 96 soldiers were killed and at least 200 wounded in one of the deadliest attacks in the capital in years.
Al Qaida's branch in Yemen claimed the bombing, saying in a statement that the attack was intended to avenge a US-backed offensive against al Qaida in an area of southern Yemen seized by the militant movement last year.
Addressing the crowd, the chief of staff of the Yemeni military, Major General Ahmed Ali al-Ashwal, vowed the nation would not be deterred by such attacks.
"We will not let terrorism destroy our future and dreams," he said.
Maj Gen al-Ashwal was the only official to speak at the ceremony, which was drastically scaled back because of security concerns. The parade was cut from three hours to one hour, a fly-over by fighter jets was cancelled and only cadets from the police and aviation academies participated in the programme.
Despite their grief, Yemenis for the first time marked the National Day without their long-time ruler Ali Abdullah Saleh, who held power for nearly 30 years. He was forced to step down after a year-long uprising where hundreds of thousands of Yemenis took to the streets demanding his removal.
Yemen, the ancestral homeland of Osama bin Laden, was the site of the 2000 bombing of the USS Cole, which killed 17 American sailors. There have also been a spate of assaults on the US Embassy in Sanaa, including a 2008 bombing that killed 10 Yemeni guards and four civilians. | <urn:uuid:7d2129ee-0581-449c-986a-18c123d50f3a> | 2013-05-24T02:06:54Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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1980 Hall of Honor
In 1894, Beloit alumni interested in seeing the athletic program expand provided funds to hire a coach for one year. The subsequent appointment of John Hollister as the first physical training instructor and coach began a rich athletic tradition at the College. As a Williams College undergraduate, Hollister excelled in football and baseball and received high praise as an all-around athlete. He brought to Beloit the same skills and enthusiasm, and successfully united baseball, football, track, and tennis under single management. Under his patient direction, interest in athletics grew, and the individual and team efforts of his players soon produced victories over powerful university rivals. Hollister left Beloit to complete law studies at the University of Michigan, then returned in 1899 to guide the College’s athletic fortunes to a new high level of success. His efforts also led to the 1904 construction of the Smith Gymnasium. Hollister completed his coaching career at Morningside College in Iowa and later served as a publishing company executive in Chicago, where he died in 1950 at the age of 80.
Lucius Porter was a record-setting track man who made a strong lifelong commitment to physical fitness. Throughout his college days and during his distinguished career as a missionary, educator, and author, he practiced this physical fitness philosophy and inspired others to do the same. Porter ranked among the best collegians nationally in the 220-yard low hurdles and the 120-yard high hurdles at Beloit, and later as a divinity student at Yale. His College record in the high hurdles stood for 22 years. In 1915, at age 35, he won both hurdle events and ran in the victorious relay team in the star-studded Eastern Open. He still ran competitively in China, a quarter-century later, when he challenged any 60-year-old to race with him, and was disappointed that there were no takers. A pioneer in what is popular today as jogging, Porter throughout his life continued to demonstrate his strong belief in the theory that one must never stop exercising by running at least two miles daily. As the eldest grandson of Aaron Lucius Chapin, Beloit’s first president, Lucius Chapin Porter carried on a proud heritage with style and distinction until his death in 1958.
“Bob” Rudolph was an outstanding center on the first York High School basketball team to join the “Elite Eight” finalists at the Illinois state tournament. He continued to display his impressive talent on the collegiate scene and made Beloit a Midwest Conference championship contender for three years by leading the Buccaneers to 46 victories in 64 games. He was named the team’s most valuable player as a junior and senior when he was first in scoring and rebounding, and was an all-conference selection both seasons. Despite his height of “only 6-3”, Rudolph played the pivot position well against consistently taller opponents. His total of 1,218 points, for a per-game average of 18.9, placed him third among the College’s all-time high scorers. In his senior year, he scored 418 points and had 179 rebounds to pace the Bucs to a 17-4 record, the best for a Bill Knapton – coached team up to that time. Rudolph graduated from the University of Wisconsin Law School in 1969. He is now a partner in the legal firm of Rudolph, Kubasta, Rathien and Murach in Wautoma, Wisconsin | <urn:uuid:826f155c-65bd-4496-9ac9-32610f4cc510> | 2013-05-24T01:45:23Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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What Is Yohimbe Used for Today?
| Safety Issues
| Interactions You Should Know About
The bark of the West African yohimbe tree is a traditional aphrodisiac and the source of yohimbine, a prescription drug for impotence. It appears to be modestly effective, but it also presents numerous safety risks. Yohimbe should not be used except under physician supervision.
What Is Yohimbe Used for Today?
Like the drug yohimbine, the bark of the yohimbe tree is widely used to treat impotence. Many herbalists report that the herb is more effective than the purified drug, perhaps due to the presence of other unidentified active ingredients. However, there have been no studies to evaluate this claim. Furthermore, due to the lack of supervision of herbal products, there are real concerns that herbal yohimbe might contain either too much or too little yohimbine. (See also
Yohimbine (the drug) is only modestly effective at best; better than
but only successful in about 30% to 45% of the men who use it.
Yohimbine has also been evaluated in combination with the supplement
double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
of 45 men found that one-time use of this combination therapy an hour or two prior to intercourse improved erectile function, especially in those with only moderate erectile dysfunction scores. Arginine and yohimbine were both taken at a dose of 6 g.
One small, double-blind study of yohimbine combined with arginine found an increase in measured physical arousal among 23 women with
female sexual arousal disorder
However, the women themselves did not report any noticeable subjective effects. In addition, only the combination of yohimbine and arginine produced results; neither substance was effective when taken on its own.
of yohimbine alone to treat sexual dysfunction induced by the antidepressant fluoxetine (Prozac) found improvement in 8 out of 9 people, two of whom were women.
However, in the absence of a placebo group, these results can't be considered reliable; in addition, there are concerns about the safety of combining yohimbe with antidepressants.
Yohimbe is also sometimes recommended for
. However, its effectiveness is unknown and there are much safer herbs for this purpose, such as
St. John's wort
Yohimbe bark is best taken in a form standardized to yohimbine content so you can properly control your dose of the drug. Unfortunately, label claims for yohimbine content have been frequently found to be inaccurate.
The usual dose of yohimbine is 15 to 30 mg daily. However, higher doses are not necessarily better, and it appears that some people respond optimally to 10 or even 5 mg daily. Furthermore, while some people appear to respond immediately to a single dose, for others it takes 2 to 3 weeks of treatment to provide significant benefits.
The following discussion applies to the drug yohimbine, rather than the herb yohimbe. All risks of the drug apply to the herb, and there are additional risks to consider as well. For example, as noted above, the amount of yohimbine in a given sample of the herb may not be accurately reflected on the label.
Furthermore, additional constituents contained in the herb besides yohimbine might present unique (and unknown) risks of their own.
Yohimbine in any form should not be used by pregnant or nursing women, or those with kidney, liver, or ulcer disease, or high blood pressure. Intake of more than 40 mg a day of yohimbine can cause a severe drop in blood pressure, abdominal pain, fatigue, hallucinations, and paralysis. (Interestingly, lower dosages can cause an increase in blood pressure.) Since 40 mg is not very far above the typical recommended dose, yohimbine has what is known as a
"narrow therapeutic index."
This means that there is a relatively small dosing range, below which the herb doesn't work and above which it is toxic.
Even when taken in normal dosages, side effects of dizziness, anxiety, hyperstimulation, and nausea are common.
Finally, yohimbine may interact adversely with numerous medications, including tricyclic antidepressants, bupropion, methamphetamine, phenothiazines, clonidine, and other drugs for lowering blood pressure.
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| Risk Factors
The cerebellum is located in the lower part of the brain, towards the back. It plays a role in body movement, eye movement, and balance.
A cerebellar stroke occurs when the brain’s blood supply to this area is interrupted. Without oxygen and nutrients from blood, the brain tissue quickly dies. This results in the loss of certain functions. A
is a serious condition. It requires emergency care.
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
There are two main types of stroke:
An ischemic stroke (more common) is caused by a sudden decrease in blood flow to a region of the brain, which may be due to:
- A clot that forms in another part of the body (eg, heart or neck) breaks off and blocks flow in a blood vessel supplying the brain (embolus)
- A clot that forms in an artery that supplies blood to the brain (thrombus)
- A tear in an artery supplying blood to the brain (arterial dissection)
A hemorrhagic stroke is caused by a burst blood vessel that results in bleeding in the brain.
Risk factors that you can control or treat include:
Certain conditions, like:
Medicines (eg, long-term use of
birth control pills
Lifestyle factors, such as
, physical inactivity, diet high in sodium
Risk factors you cannot control include:
History of stroke,
, or other type of cardiovascular disease
transient ischemic attack
(TIA)—With a TIA (“mini-stroke”), stroke symptoms often resolve within minutes. It may signal a very high risk of having a stroke in the future.
- Age: 60 or older
- Family members who have had a stroke
- Gender: males
- Race: Black, Asian, Hispanic
- Blood disorder that increases clotting
Symptoms of a cerebellar stroke come on suddenly and may include:
- Uncoordinated movements of the limbs or trunk (ataxia)
- Difficulty walking, including problems with balance
- Abnormal reflexes
- Vertigo (feeling of spinning or whirling when you are not moving)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Intense headache
- Speech problems (eg, slurred speech) and difficulty swallowing
- Problems sensing pain and temperature
- Problems with vision (eg, eyes move rapidly, difficulty controlling eye movement)
- Problems with eyes (eg, small pupil, droopy eyelid)
- Loss of consciousness
If you or someone you know has any of these symptoms,
right away. A stroke needs to be treated as soon as possible. Brain tissue dies quickly.
The doctor will make a diagnosis as quickly as possible so that you will be able to get the proper treatment. Tests may include:
—a type of x-ray that uses a computer to make pictures of the brain
- CT angiogram—a type of CT scan that evaluates blood vessels in the brain and/or neck
—a test that uses magnetic waves to make pictures of the brain
- MRA—a type of MRI scan that looks at blood vessels in the brain and/or neck
Heart function tests (eg,
—a test that uses sound waves to examine blood vessels
- Blood tests
- Kidney function tests
- Tests to check your ability to swallow
Immediate treatment is needed to:
- Dissolve a clot (for ischemic stroke)
- Stop bleeding (for hemorrhagic stroke)
For an ischemic stroke, the doctor may give medicines to:
- Dissolve clots and/or prevent new ones from forming
- Thin blood
- Control blood pressure
- Reduce brain swelling
- Treat an irregular heart rate
For a hemorrhagic stroke, the doctor may give medicines to:
- Work against any blood-thinning drugs you may regularly take
- Reduce how your brain reacts to bleeding
- Control blood pressure
For an ischemic stroke, the doctor may do surgery to:
For a hemorrhagic stroke, the doctor may:
Remove a piece of the skull to relieve pressure on the brain (
- Place a clip or a tiny coil in an aneurysm to stop it from bleeding
A rehabilitation program focuses on:
- Physical therapy—to regain as much movement as possible
- Occupational therapy—to assist in everyday tasks and self-care
- Speech therapy—to improve swallowing and speech challenges
Psychological therapy—to improve mood and decrease
To help reduce your chance of having a stroke, take the following steps:
that includes fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and fish.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
If you drink
, drink only in moderation (1-2 drinks per day).
If you smoke,
- If you have a chronic condition, like high blood pressure or diabetes, get proper treatment.
If you are at risk for having a stroke, talk to your doctor about taking | <urn:uuid:69133dd4-37ac-43b4-bd9f-b7f17167d668> | 2013-05-24T01:45:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Michigan's Brannen Named Big Ten Runner of the Week
Oct. 5, 2004
Making his season debut for Michigan, Brannen claimed third place with a time of 24:25.89 to lead the Wolverines to the team title at the Great American Cross Country Festival.
Brannen has led the Wolverines to the finish line in four consecutive scored meets, dating back to last season's Big Ten Championship.
The team captain is a two-time NCAA Cross Country All-American.
Last weekend's finish for the fifth-ranked Wolverines was their best result in the event in three appearances. Michigan placed runner-up in 2001 and 2003. | <urn:uuid:f569bf34-3f4d-4d89-bea7-a8f54c885cbb> | 2013-05-24T01:51:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Opened in late 1942, RAF Hartfordbridge was active
throughout the war, providing a base for Squadrons of Spitfires and
Mosquitos involved in reconnaissance and fighter defense operations
as well as a home for the Free French Squadron (Lorraine).
RAF Hartfordbridge, with its excellent all-weather record,
welcomed many notable arrivals including King George VI and Queen
Elizabeth, Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower and Field
At the end of the War, newly renamed RAF Blackbushe was
transferred to RAF Transport Command and was used as a base for
many Dakotas involved in the 1948 Berlin Airlift as well as flight
training purposes, listing HRH The Duke of Edinburgh as a
In 1960 Blackbushe Airport passed into civilian
ownership, initially as a home airfield for a collection of
historic Spitfires prior to being acquired by British Car Auctions
who redeveloped the facility into a thriving centre of private,
business and executive aviation.
In addition to its long association with aviation, Blackbushe
has also hosted motor sport sprints and even a famous open-air Rock
Concert in July 1978 "The Picnic at Blackbushe" when Bob Dylan and
Eric Clapton performed in front of over 200,000 fans. | <urn:uuid:1a51cf91-114f-4a76-9aef-d7ff211256bb> | 2013-05-24T01:58:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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