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We continued back along the footpath and shared conversations with new friends and a good time was had by all.
Keep an eye open for our next walk which will in September when we shall be walking some of the St Michael’s Way in west Cornwall.
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There are 13 statewide proposals on this year’s ballot, and your decisions could change Colorado forever (no pressure!). To make your job as easy as possible, dear voter, we broke down every initiative—don’t worry, we’ll be brief—to let you know what you’ll see, what each ballot question means, and who is lending support or opposition.
Registered voters will receive their ballots in the mail this month (they’ll be mailed between October 15 and 19). Election day is Tuesday, November 6. Get your ballot to the County Clerk by mailing ahead of time or dropping it off at your polling location (find it here). The deadline is 7 p.m. on election day; don’t forget your coveted “I Voted” sticker.
What it means: Currently, the state constitution permits slavery and involuntary servitude as punishment for convicted criminals. If passed, this amendment would strike that. A yes vote would ban slavery and indentured servitude as punishment for convicted criminals.
Who’s for it: The measure was sponsored by State Rep. Jovan Melton (D-41), Rep. Joseph Salazar (D-31), Sen. Angela Williams (D-33), and Sen. Larry Crowder (R-35). It’s backed by progressive multi-faith organization Together Colorado.
Who’s against: Basically, no one.
You should know: An amendment with the same aim appeared on the 2016 ballot and failed. Proponents point to confusing ballot language, but hope they’ve gotten it right this time. This year, a yes vote on Amendment A would amend the state constitution to ban slavery and involuntary servitude as punishment for a crime.
What it means: Currently, you have to be 25 years old to serve in the state legislature (also known as the General Assembly). If passed, Amendment V would lower the age requirement to 21 years.
Who’s against: Registered opposition includes Douglas Bruce, the famed Colorado political iconoclast from Colorado Springs behind the Taxpayer’s Bill of Rights (TABOR). Twenty-four Republican legislators and two Democratic legislators voted against putting the amendment before voters.
You should know: Colorado is among seven states that have age requirements for state legislators at 25 years or older, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures.
What it means: This is a small change regarding ballot formatting. Per the state constitution, Colorado voters approve the retention of justices on the Colorado Supreme Court and Colorado Court of Appeals one question at a time. Instead of rewriting the question of retention for each justice on the ballot, if passed, Amendment W would allow county clerks and the secretary of state to write the question once for each position, followed by the justices’ names with ‘yes’ or ‘no’ boxes by each (see example below).
Who’s for it: The office of the Colorado Secretary of State, Wayne Williams, and the Colorado County Clerks Association initiated the change via the General Assembly, which has the authority to refer measures to the ballot. “[Amendment W] is intended to shorten and simplify the ballot,” said Colorado Rep. Pete Lee (D-18).
Who’s against: Opposition is extremely scant. Again, TABOR creator Douglas Bruce has registered as opposition to this measure.
Source: Colorado Department of State.
What it means: Currently, industrial hemp is defined in the Colorado Constitution under Amendment 64 as a genus of cannabis with THC content less than 0.3 percent of the substance’s dry weight, the same definition under federal law. If passed, Amendment X would remove the definition of industrial hemp from the state constitution, so that it could instead be defined by state statute (state laws outside of the constitution), which are more easily changed.
Who’s against: There is almost no opposition. An opposition committee has been registered—called Vote No on Amendment X (Keep Hemp Legal)—but hasn’t reported any contributions or expenditures. Douglas Bruce also opposes X, and state legislators who voted against it include Rep. Paul Lundeen (R-19), Rep. Terri Carver (R-20), Rep. Larry Liston (R-16), Rep. Cole Wist (R-37), and Rep. Yeulin Willett (R-54).
You should know: Hemp is used to make textiles, paper, personal care products, food and supplements, and CBD products. Growing industrial hemp has been federally legal since 2014.
Colorado U.S. Congressional district map. Source: Colorado Department of State.
What they mean: This pair of amendments would re-write the way Colorado draws voting districts after each census by establishing an Independent Congressional Redistricting Commission and Independent Legislative Redistricting Commission, respectively, which would then be responsible for redrawing congressional maps. Amendment Y applies to U.S. Congressional districts, Z to state legislative redistricting.
Each commission would be comprised of 12 technocrats—four commissioners registered to each of the state’s two largest political parties, and four would be unaffiliated voters. If passed, the qualifications and selection process for commissioners would be complex.
The amendments also establish specific criteria for voting districts, primarily not splitting “communities of interest” (like ethnic or political communities) and maximizing the number of politically competitive districts, vaguely defined as having the “reasonable potential” for the party affiliation of the district’s representative to change at least once in the next decade. Amendment Z adds limiting the splitting of cities for state legislature voting district maps.
Under the proposed amendments, the maps would be submitted to the Colorado Supreme Court for review and made public. A super-majority of at least eight of the 12 commissioners, including at least two unaffiliated commissioners, must approve the final map.
Who’s for them: The amendments were sponsored by Colorado House Speaker Crisanta Duran (D-5) and Minority Leader Patrick Neville (R-45). Registered committee Fair Maps Colorado published a long list of endorsing individuals and organizations, including the Pueblo Chieftan, Denver Post, and former Colorado governors Bill Ritter (Democrat) and Bill Owens (Republican).
Who’s against: Douglas Bruce has registered as opposition.
You should know: There are more unaffiliated voters in Colorado than registered Democrats or Republicans, though all three groups are fairly close in number. Lately, unaffiliated voters are leaning blue. The two largest political parties in the state are Democrats and Republicans by a landslide. No, the Libertarian party doesn’t even come close.
What it means: This initiative would increase funding for P-12 education in Colorado via a complex mixture of raised taxes (a tax bracket system) aimed at deeper pockets. It would increase income tax for those earning more than $150,000 per year, increase the corporate tax income rate, decrease the residential property tax assessment rate levied by school districts to 7 percent (down from 7.2), and decrease the assessment rate for most nonresidential properties to 24 percent (down from 29). Find an explanation of how this tax could affect you here.
Who’s for it: Registered committee Great Schools, Thriving Communities backs it, funded mainly by education professional associations, including teachers’ unions. The committee lists Colorado PTA, NAACP, and Padres y Jovenes Unidos among endorsers.
Who’s against: Ballotopedia reports the TABOR Foundation, Denver Metro Chamber of Commerce, Libertarian-leaning think tank the Independence Institute, and a number of realtor and construction groups oppose 73. The Denver Post published an editorial in opposition, saying that as Colorado’s economy booms, so too will tax revenue, even when factoring in TABOR’s government spending limits. “Amendment 73 is a sizeable and complicated tax increase that would be added to the state constitution where it would be difficult to fix should it not work as proponents intend it to,” the editorial board writes.
You should know: Colorado spends about $9,733 per pupil per year, about $3,000 less than the national average over $12,526, according to a study by Education Week.
What it means: If passed, Amendment 74 would require state and local governments to compensate private property owners if their laws or regulations reduced the “fair market value” of the owners’ property.
Who’s for it: The campaign in favor of Amendment 74 (and in opposition to Proposition 112, also on the ballot this year) is backed to the tune of more than $25 million by powerful oil and gas interests, such as Anadarko and Noble Energy, via the committee Protect Colorado. It’s also backed by the Colorado Farm Bureau.
Who’s against: Pretty much everyone else. Opponents fear the requirement could fundamentally change how local governments operate and pass on enormous costs to taxpayers, because virtually all private property value is affected by routine government action. Opposition is widespread among municipal governments and conservation groups, including the Denver City Council, Club20, the Colorado Municipal League (an association of more than 200 Colorado municipalities), Conservation Colorado, the Sierra Club of Colorado, and the Outdoor Industry Association.
You should know: If passed, this amendment would make Colorado’s property law the most extreme in the nation.
What it means: If a wealthy candidate for a statewide office can self-fund their campaign, competing candidates would be permitted to accept larger donations from individuals, federal PACs and political committees, small donor committees, political parties, and businesses.
You should know: Jared Polis, the Democratic candidate for governor, has contributed about $18 million of his own tech fortune to his gubernatorial run this year, which is more than the total spending of competing candidates in the 2014 gubernatorial election, according to Colorado Public Radio. Find current campaign donation limits for state offices here.
Colorado’s scenic Million Dollar Highway. Courtesy of flamouroux, Flickr via Creative Commons.
What it means: This initiative would create $3.5 billion in bonds to fund up to 66 specific statewide transportation projects (listed here)—think road maintenance and repairs and bridge expansion, maintenance, and repairs. Proposition 109 requires that the state repay the debt from the general fund (the government’s existing cash) without raising taxes.
Who’s against: The Denver Metro Chamber of Commerce opposes the proposition, as well as Douglas Bruce. A few groups have also registered opposition, including Coloradans for Coloradans, Win the Fourth Colorado Issue Committee, and Coloradans for a Responsible Future, although none have been active in campaigning against the proposal.
You should know: Proposition 110 also aims to improve Colorado roads, but by raising taxes. According to a report by transportation research nonprofit TRIP, 40 percent of major urban roads and highways in Colorado are in poor or mediocre condition, and six percent of Colorado’s bridges are structurally deficient.
What it means: Proposition 110 would also create funds for transportation projects (unlike 109, it does not specify those projects). Unlike 109, it would also raise taxes—specifically, the state sales tax rate would increase by 0.62 percent from 2.9 percent (2018) to 3.52 percent for 20 years, starting on January 1, 2019, through January 1, 2039. It would authorize $6 billion in bonds to fund transportation projects. Forty-five percent of revenue from this tax would go to the state for transportation projects, including debt repayment; 40 percent to local governments; and 15 percent would be allocated for multimodal transportation projects, like bike paths, sidewalks, and public transit. The state would be permitted to borrow up to $6 billion for transportation projects and limit the total repayment amount, including principal and interest, to $9.4 billion over 20 years.
Who’s for it: Let’s Go Colorado and registered committee Coloradans for Coloradans are backing the initiative. LGC lists Gov. John Hickenlooper and the mayors of Denver, Boulder, Aurora, Arvada, Lakewood, Littleton, Wheat Ridge, and more as endorsers.
Who’s against: Colorado Springs Mayor John Suthers and Douglas Bruce oppose 110.
You should know: According to a report by transportation research nonprofit TRIP, 40 percent of major urban roads and highways in Colorado are in poor or mediocre condition and six percent of Colorado’s bridges are structurally deficient.
Photo by Aliman Senia, Creative Commons via Wikimedia.
What it means: This initiative would limit the annual interest rate on payday loans to a yearly rate of 36 percent and eliminate all other finance charges and fees associated with payday lending.
Who’s for it: Coloradans to Stop Predatory Payday Loans is behind the initiative. Our Revolution, the political organization built out of Bernie Sanders’ failed 2016 bid for president, endorses 111.
Who’s against: Just Douglas Bruce.
You should know: Currently, Colorado limits interest on payday loans to 45 percent, but allows payday lending companies to assess fees on top of that. Permitted charges for payday loans in Colorado are as follows: Up to 20 percent of the first $300 loaned, 7.5 percent for any amount loaned above $300, and a monthly maintenance fee up to $30 per month. That’s all in addition to the loan’s interest, meaning the average annual percentage rate (APR)—the total cost of a loan, including interest and fees—could be more than the loan itself. In Colorado, the average APR on payday loans is 129 percent.
What it means: This would essentially ban new oil and gas development within a half mile of populated areas, parks, and schools.
Who’s against: Protect Colorado, a registered committee funded to the tune of more than $25 million by oil and gas interests like Anadarko and Noble Energy, is opposing Proposition 112 and supporting Amendment 74. Protect Colorado lists among opposition to 112 mayors of Denver, Colorado Springs, Windsor, and more, plus Weld County, the Thornton City Council, the Colorado Petroleum Council, and more.
You should know: Chad Vorthmann, executive vice president of the Colorado Farm Bureau—which also opposes 112 and supports 74—said that Amendment 74 is intended to protect private property owners who would be unable to frack on their land should 112 pass. Fracking on the Front Range has been an increasingly contentious issue in recent years.
Editor’s note, 10/10/18: This article has been updated to clarify that the average APR on payday loans in Colorado is 129 percent.
Gambling is not necessarily evil, but there is more to it than meets the eye.
Gambling is an activity characterised by a balance between winning and losing, and it’s governed by a mixture of skill and chance, usually with money wagered on the outcome.
The youths will always remain the leaders of tomorrow and their involvement in gambling is not a welcomed development. Readers are Leaders, and Gamblers are what? A question you should answer for yourself.
However good some people might want to paint the issue of gambling especially in a developing country like Nigeria. The disadvantages probably outweigh the advantages when examined critically. Today in Nigeria, many youths have resorted to full-time gambling, courtesy of the Nigerian government approval.
We are looking at Sports betting which is the most alarming form of gambling in Nigeria. We have many of them – Bet9ja, 360bet, 1960bet, Surebet, Nairabet, Merrybet etc. Even as you read this article, other sports betting companies are springing up. Our youths today call it YOUTH EMPOWERMENT!
Why should the Nigerian government allow the prolific breeding of these companies and ignore the industrialisation of the country to provide more job opportunities that the youths will engage in? At least they become more useful to the labour force of the nation and to themselves and help in curbing the crashing economy.
Well, the Nigerian government is the genesis of up rise in gambling for the youths. Our youths today after tertiary education resort to sleeping in sports betting shops, all in the name of making money through probability.
Very early in the morning, when you peep out of your window you will see young boys and girls rushing with optimism into a particular shop down the street. Hopefully, you might think that the place is a Supermarket, but if you can go there and look inside, you will see them pointing at the wall and reading various white sheets of papers that appear to look like a Newspaper. A closer look will prove otherwise.
Others are seated watching the television as if something happened! Then within few minutes, you will see them forming a long queue, like people trying to vote for an election. Later you see them leaving the shop with a slim white paper as if they went for a lab test. Others who are well-to-do simply stay back in their closet and patronise the Gamblers from morning till night.
And as they leave the shop, they keep calling GOD, and I wonder why to call God into such issues. As Christians, is our God, the God of Gamblers? A question you should answer for yourself.
Later in the day, you see some Jubilating, raising their betting slip up for everyone to see that they have won and others downcasted, tearing their betting slip with vexation as if they were forced to patronise the Gamblers.
And now, is this the kind of life we are destined to keep living? With all the God-given potentials/talents, we were endowed with.
Is this how we the Youths will take the bull by the horn as our current leaders step down after their regime? Every right thinking Youth would know that this is not a way to live a life and fulfil one's destiny. Life is full of choices and what we do or indulge in can either make or mar us.
1. Gambling – sports betting has helped to reduce the crime rate in Nigeria by providing society deviants with quick money.
2. Gambling – sports betting has provided Job opportunities for some youths, as they become agents for the sports betting companies – thereby keeping idle hands busy.
3. Gambling – sports betting can be seen as a form of Entertainment.
4. Gambling – sports betting companies generate revenues for the government especially when they pay their tax.
1. Gambling – sports betting causes brain drain in the society, because the youths no longer think of anything else if not whether Arsenal will win Chelsea, thereby neglecting their Education/self-development and whiling away time that could have been for used for inventions. All in the name of making quick money.
2. Gambling – sports betting has deprived many youths of the little they have and when one keep losing without any source of income, the next minute they might get frustrated and resort to Crime.
3. Gambling – sports betting has a Psychological effect on whoever indulges in it. It’s one of the surest ways of developing high blood pressure, of which is no befit to a promising youth. And when you win and win, your life might get ruined because you virtually become addicted to it and believe that gambling is the only way for survival and to outsmart your mates. Even when one sees Job opportunities, they still prefer gambling.
4. Gambling – sports betting can expose people to unexpected harm and harassment. There have been situations where the Nigerian Army or Police barge into betting shops to arrest some miscreants suspected to have committed heinous crimes and most times the few innocent people seen associating with them or even seated with them at the betting shop do not go scot-free.
5. Gambling – sports betting cause society stigma, people who gamble are always seen as ne’er-do-wells, rogues, Vagabonds or black sheep of the family, in a proper African society setting. Although it cannot be generalised, some atoms of truth can still be traced to that belief. Because mostly miscreants prefer gambling as a source of income.
Although the Bible does not specifically condemn gambling, betting or lottery. The bible, however, warns us, however, to stay away from the love of money and quick attempts to get rich.
The Nigerian government should curb this rising menace that might cause harm than good to our youths. The Leaders of Tomorrow.
Our youths have to be up and doing!
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2016 marks our 30th year of building homes, communities and hope in the Greater Richmond area, and we are ready to celebrate!
Be on the look out for special events, stories and more highlighting the incredible work our volunteers, donors, homeowners and supporters have accomplished over the past 30 years.
Most importantly, thanks to all of you for helping us serve the over 331 families we’ve empowered to become homeowners since 1986!

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