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Normal capacity of the renal pelvis is
• The average capacity of the renal pelvis is 4–8 ml.
1
7 ml
10 ml
15 ml
20 ml
Surgery
null
5d6a33ef-b45b-4134-941c-125242ed0d97
single
Nitric oxide acts by:
Ans: A (cGMP) Ref: Harper's Illustrated biochemistry, 28th edition.Explanation:Classification of Hormones by Mechanism of ActionI. Hormones that hind to intracellular receptors* Androgens* Calcitriol (1.252-D3) Estrogens* Glucocorticoids* Mineralocorticoids* Progestins* Retinoic acid* Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4)II. Ho...
1
cGMP
cAMP
Calcium
Kinase
Biochemistry
Proteins and Amino Acids
8aeadeb9-403f-4958-a71b-bb6e338552be
single
The law relating distending pressure and tension in a blood vessel wall is called:
Law of Laplace states that transluminal pressure varies inversely with vessel radius and is directly propoional to tension that develops in the vessel walls. It means the pressure pushes against the wall causing them to stretch(tension), as the size of the vessels decreases the tension in the wall decreases too. Law of...
3
Frank Starling's law
Einthoven's law
Law of Laplace
Many's law
Physiology
null
492c499e-8fdb-4811-b668-bef281b7877f
multi
Which of the following are goals of orthognathic surgery?
The goals of ortho esthetics are: To improve facial esthetic and self-image of patient. To shorten orthodontic treatment time and improve orthodontic treatment results. To improve PDL stability and prognosis. To correct jaw relationships prior to major restorative procedure.
4
To improve facial esthetics
To shorten orthodontic treatment time
To improve orthodontic treatment results
All of the above
Dental
null
4e1ce8a4-c144-446a-9f12-f6eb1ce71bb6
multi
'Rule of Nine' to estimate surface area of burns was given by:
Ans. B i.e. Alexander Wallace
2
Moiz Kaposi
Alexander Wallace
Joseph Lister
Thomas Barclay
Surgery
null
d003cb01-dff2-41f6-af9b-19f16fa34e74
multi
The most predominantly occurring amino acid in collagen is
Tropocollagen, the repeating unit of a mature collagen fiber, consists of three collagen polypeptides, each containing about 1000 amino acids, bundled together in a unique conformation, the collagen triple helix. Every third amino acid residue in collagen is a glycine residue. Collagen is also rich in proline and hydro...
4
Valine
Cysteine
Arginine
Glycine
Biochemistry
Structure and function of protein
0fdc18b3-2d73-4f3c-b975-37e5e9f25569
single
Fluid of choice in child with bu rn < 24 hour is -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ringer lactate Fluid resuscitation in burn injuryo Parkland formula Initial 24 hours: Ringer's lactated (RL) solution 4 mL'kg/% bum for adults and 3 ml/kg/% bum for children. RL solution is added for maintenance for children:4 ml'kg/hour for chiIdren weighing 0-10 kg40 ml/hour+2 ml.'hour for children ...
3
Fresh frozen plasma
Isolye-P
Ringer lactate
Plailet tranfusion
Pediatrics
Fluid and Electrolyte Treatment of Specific Disorders
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single
All are causes of infantile tremor syndrome EXCEPT:
Vitamin B1 deficency REF: OP Ghai ed p. 558 Vitamin B 12 deficiency not B1 deficiency causes infantile tremor syndrome Causes of infantile tremor syndrome: Malnutrition Vitamin B12 deficiency Infections Magnesium deficiency Toxins Tyrosinase defects
4
Malnutrition
Magnesium deficiency
Infections
Vitamin B1 deficency
Pediatrics
null
f9f479c0-1029-461c-9c93-3e7211816f93
multi
True statement regarding SLE in children-
Ans. is None
4
Skin pigmentation more common than adults
No sex difference
Renal involvement more common
null
Pediatrics
null
2f6420d5-ec3a-4a9d-8327-4f254444eb70
multi
An anxiolytic benzodiazepine which is also antidepressant : September 2007
Ans. C: Alprazolam Alprazolam is approved for the sho-term treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia. Alprazolam is very effective in the sho-term symptomatic relief of moderate to severe anxiety, essential tremor, and panic attacks. Alprazolam is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or the ...
3
Lorazepam
Oxazepam
Alprazolam
Chlordiazepoxid
Pharmacology
null
5d32cfd4-424e-47e7-abbd-2cf0ca4857c3
single
Synthesis of secretory proteins takes place in
Secretory proteins are synthesized in EPR Reference: Harper; 30th edition
2
Golgi complex
Endoplasmic reticulum
First in cytoplasm then in nucleus
First in endoplasmic reticulum then in cytoplasm
Biochemistry
Structure and function of protein
fd10d1e9-ab22-4693-ab5e-47f01a9fe2c0
single
All muscles of the palate are supplied by pharyngeal plexus, EXCEPT:
With the exception of tensor veli palatini, which is supplied by the motor branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal through the nerve to medial pterygoid, the muscles are supplied by the cranial pa of the accessory nerve the pharyngeal plexus.Ref: Gray's anatomy 40th edition, Chapter 35
1
Tensor veli palatine
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus
None of the above
Anatomy
null
7fe3cc0e-cb7a-48a3-8e65-a03450551e33
multi
in whic of the following cardiac condition PULSATILE LIVER AND ASCITES is seen ?
Most commonly, TR is secondary to marked dilation of the tricuspid annulus from RV enlargement due to PA hypeension. Functional TR may complicate RV enlargement of any cause, including an inferior MI that involves the RV. It is commonly seen in the late stages of hea failure due to rheumatic or congenital hea disease w...
1
TR
Critical pulmonary stenosis
MR
MS
Medicine
C.V.S
29a7c47a-69ef-4552-b026-73e84c2d22be
single
Which is not seen in tuberous sclerosis?
Tuberous sclerosis characterized by angiofibroma,astrocytoma,subependymal lesion and white matter lesion. Ref : Ghai essential of pediatrics, eighth edition, p.no:586
2
Astrocytoma
Ependymoma
White matter lesions
Subpendymal nodules
Pediatrics
C.V.S
132df81e-37b8-4ce8-8f96-57908cc231bd
single
Amyloid is stained with: September 2009, March 2013
Ans. C: Congo red
3
Lugol's iodine
Methyl violet
Congo red
Sudan black
Pathology
null
40c34aed-a15f-425c-aa17-92165547d8ff
single
A 55 year old female comes to the eye casualty with history of severe eye pain, redness and diminished vision. On examination, the visual acuity is 6/60, there is circumcorneal congestion, corneal oedema and a shallow anterior chamber. Which of the following is the best drug of choice –
Approach in acute congestive glaucoma Start i.v. mannitol or i.v. acetazolamide When IOT starts falling, start topical pilocarpine or β-blocker (timolol). Apraclonidine/latanoprost may be added. Once i.o.t. is reduced, surgery is done.
2
Atropine ointment
IV mannitol
Ciprofloxacin eye drops
Betamethasone eye drops
Ophthalmology
null
60f5a98d-c460-4900-972f-b81b8e087eca
multi
Phase 4 clinical trial is carried out -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., After a drug is marketed Phase 4 clinical trial is post marketing survellance.
2
Before the marketing approval of a drug
After a drug is marketed
For drugs used in rare diseases
For drugs used in pediatric patients
Pharmacology
null
dea92445-1202-4995-8c29-8b37f077f99e
single
Charlie chaplin gait is seen in?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., External rotation deformity of tibia Charlie Chaplin Gait Gait that occurs in bilateral external torsion of the tibia caused by faulty sitting or sleeping habits as in maintenance of the spread eagle or frog leg posture. It is seen in alkaptonuria, bilateral external tibial torsion, and flat feet with...
1
Congenial coxa vara
Tibial torsion
DDH
Genu valgus
Surgery
null
e9364aeb-e188-4b45-bde6-589831cf66b3
single
Which of the following is not a component of Gradenigo's syndrome?
Discharge from ear is not present in gradeinigo syndrome. Gradenigo Syndrome (GS) is classically described as a clinicaltriad of otitis media, facial pain, and abducens palsy that in the past most commonly developed from infection in the petrous temporal bone (i.e., petrous apicitis). Ref ganong's review of medical phy...
2
Deep seated orbital pain
Greisinger sign positive
Abducent nerve palsy
Discharge from ear
Physiology
All India exam
d8ee3fce-d3c7-4c4a-b5b8-10b89f9b44cf
single
Which cells are absent in the cerebellar coex
There are five types of cells in the cerebellum Purkinje cells, Stellate cells, Golgi cells, Basket cells, Granule cells Ref : Ganong 25th ed/page 248
2
Purkinje cells
Bipolar cells
Granule cells
Golgi cells
Physiology
Nervous system
67a691f6-7088-4b0c-81c1-dcc4c1a10429
single
RDA of vitamin A in an adolescent female ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 600 mcg
3
400 mcg
350 mcg
600 mcg
800 mcg
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
bb6dab88-73a5-445b-9ccc-ed534ace1d81
single
Bronchiectasis means .....................of bronchi -
Ref:Textbook of pathology (Harsh mohan)6th edition, page no.484 BRONCHIECTASIS Bronchiectasis is defined as abnormal and irreversible dilatation of the bronchi and bronchioles (greater than 2 mm in diameter) developing secondary to inflammatory weakening of the bronchial walls. The most characteristic clinical manifest...
2
Inflammation
Dilatation
Cavitation
All
Pathology
Respiratory system
eee66082-9520-47bc-9999-4a288e6e5ed2
multi
Degloving injury is: March 2013 (h)
Ans. D i.e. Avulsion injury Degloving injury It is a type of avulsion in which an extensive section of skin is completely torn off the underlying tissue, severing its blood supply. It is named by analogy to the process of removing a glove. Typically, degloving injuries affect the extremities and limbs.
4
Surgeon made wound
Lacerated wound
Blunt injury
Avulsion injury
Surgery
null
4a20c6ed-cc94-43e8-8a75-13d4fdcde87d
single
True statement about the paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is
Paralysis of recurrent laryngeal nerve common on the left side. The common causes are Bronchogenic cancer Accidental trauma Thyroid surgery Thyroid disease (benign or malignant) Cervical lymphadenopathy Carcinoma cervical oesophagus Carcinoma thoracic oesophagus Aortic aneurysm Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
1
Common on left side
50% idiopathic
Cord will lie laterally
Speech therapy given
ENT
null
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multi
A 10 yr old boy, unconscious with 2 days h/o fever, comes to pediatric ICU with R.R 46/min, B.P.110/80 and E1 V1 M3 on Glasgow coma scale, next step of Mx includes
There is increased respiratory rate.the child must be intubated and venilated to provide suppo . Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition
1
Intubate and ventilate
Give 0.9% NaCl
Sta dopamine at the rate of 1-2 g/min/kg
Dopamine at the rate of 1-2 g/min/kg & furosemide
Pediatrics
Central Nervous system
c759f002-d46b-414f-ba92-1b8ad31ee46c
multi
Which of the following colonic polyps is not premalignant
.Juvenile Polyps * Commonest polyp of colorectum in infants and children. * Can cause intussusception, prolapse through rectum, bleeding. * Colonoscopic polypectomy is done. * Not a pre-malignant condition. ref:SRB&;s manual of surgery ,ed 3,pg no 831
1
Juvenile polyps
Hamaomatous polyps associated with peutz jegher's syndrome
Villous adenoma
Tubular adenomas
Surgery
G.I.T
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single
Putrefaction is delayed in poisoning due to :
A i.e. Carbolic acid
1
Carbolic acid
Organophosphorus
Lead
All
Forensic Medicine
null
044e0f26-43e8-47f0-be46-af1feba96a44
multi
The pump responsible for gastric acid secretion is
Gastric parietal cells are highly specialized for their unusual task of secreting concentrated acid. The cells are packed with mitochondria that supply energy to drive the apical H+,K+-ATPase, or proton pump, that moves H+ ions out of the parietal cell against a concentration gradient. The apical membrane also contains...
3
H+ ATPase
Na+ - H+ ATPase
H+ - K+ ATPase
Ca2+ - H+ ATPase
Physiology
Gastrointestinal System
172c8e1c-73fb-472e-b0df-6f3f73812e0b
single
A 32 year old woamn with two live children was brought to emergency with the history of missed period for 15 dyas, spotting since 7 days and pain abdomen since 6hrs. Her pulse was 120/min, pallor ++, systolic BP BOmmHg. There was fullness and ternderness on per abdomen examination. Cu-T thread was seen through external...
Rupture ectopic pregnancy
3
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Missed aboriton with infectkion
Rupture ectopic pregnancy
Threatened aboriton
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
24a3b80f-bc6a-415d-9c68-9ec9bc5f16d0
multi
A cardiologist asks for measurement of electromechanical systole (QS2) and left ventricular ejection time (LVET), and pre-ejection period (PEP). The cardiologist is informed by the technician that the carotid transducer is not functioning. Which of the following readings could not be obtained
Electromechanical systole (QS2)- Time interval between the beginning of Q wave and beginning of the second heart sound. It requires ECG and phonocardiogram. Left ventricular ejection time (LVET)- Interval between the beginning of carotid pressure to the dicrotic notch. Requires carotid pulse tracing. Pre-ejection systo...
4
QS2
QS2 and LVET
QS2 and PEP
LVET and PEP
Physiology
null
883c9a0b-8999-4a24-9d62-4dd82de7dced
single
Treatment of chronic phase of CML is :
null
1
Imatinib
Hydroxyurea
Interferon
Cytarabine
Pharmacology
null
16a0395d-6ea9-4dac-a0a4-7f77a8420e13
single
Treatment of cord prolapse is based on all of the following factors, except:
null
3
Fetal viability
Fetal maturity
Fetal weight
Cervical dilatation
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
5d062b83-d730-4f33-af80-478d28e8399d
multi
Pap smear is an example of -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Secondary level of prevention o In secondary prevention, action halts the progress of a disease at its incipient stage and prevents complication. o Screening tests (e.g. - Pap smear), helps in diagnosis at early stage so that adequate treatment can halt disease progression and prevent complication.
2
Primary level of prevention
Secondary level of prevention
Teritary level of prevention
None of the above
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
a1041e37-ff61-4353-85e5-fb472b6394f1
multi
All are true about sulphonyl ureas except?
Sulphonyl ureas are mainly used in Type 2 DM because Type 1 DM is characterized by autoimmune destruction of β - cells of pancreas and atleast 30% of β - cells should be present for sulphonyl ureas to be effective.
3
It blocks ATP sensitive K+ channels and increase insulin release
They have higher risk of causing hypoglycemia than meglitinides
They are used mainly in type 1 DM
Chlorpropamide can cause dilutional hyponatremia
Pharmacology
null
e14969c5-2737-4e85-b64f-810baf670a94
multi
The usefulness of a ‘screening test’ in a community depends on its?
Predictive value of a test signifies diagnostic power of the test. attribute of an idea screening test is its repeatability or reliability or reproducibility. Sensitivity has been defined as the ability of the test to identify correctly all those who have the disease, that is true positive (Hence determines the usefuln...
1
Sensitivity
Specificity
Reliability
Predicitive value
Unknown
null
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single
Differential white blood cell counts in the laboratory are useful in the diagnosis of:
null
2
Anemia
Eosinophilia
Vitamin deficiency
Spherocytosis
Physiology
null
cd5138c8-ed26-44bc-88cc-57875333639e
single
Which of the functions are TRUE regarding C-terminal domain of androgen receptor protein?
The androgen receptor proteins contain 3 common domains: 1- Highly conserved central domain that is responsible for DNA binding 2- N-terminal region that is involved in trascriptional activation, and 3- C-terminal domain that binds ligand Ref: Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry 27th Edition, Page 477; Molecular cell bio...
1
Ligand binding
Increasing biological half life
Increasing the affinity of receptor to DNA
Increasing the level of transcription
Biochemistry
null
0d0d06fe-93fd-4600-94a1-0f3ccaf260bb
multi
Riboflavin deficiency is assessed by
Riboflavin deficiency is assessed by Glutathione reductase. The two biologically active forms are flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), formed by the transfer of an adenosine monophosphate moiety from ATP to FMN (Figure 28.15). FMN and FAD are each capable of reversibly accepting two hydrog...
2
Transketolase
Glutathione reductase
PDH
null
Biochemistry
vitamins
81c61bcf-ef9b-4ef3-807f-1833fef8bed7
multi
Investigation of choice to Determine Local Invasion in Esophageal Carcinoma(T staging) is?
Endoscopic Ultrasound - Determines Local Invasion In Esophageal Carcinoma(T staging).
3
Transabdominal Usg
CECT
Endpscopic USG
MRI
Radiology
ULTRASOUND
ecd48525-260d-4e2d-9250-e5bd15ca7826
single
CCK-PZ causes all of the following except :
C i.e. Increased gastrin secretion
3
Gall bladder contraction
Pancreatic enzyme secretion
Increased gastrin secretion
Decreased lower esophageal sphinictor
Physiology
null
b24a6686-d2a4-4d4b-8a3b-cbaad55e48d0
multi
The recommended size of endotracheal tube for 1 year old child is
Tube diameter in mm = Age in years/4 + 4 = 1/4 + 4 = 17/4 = 4.2
3
2.5
3
4
5
Anaesthesia
null
92736f6a-a3e7-41cb-b4dc-2e6edfb3f8da
single
Parinaud's Syndrome is associated with all EXCEPT
(D) Nuclear gaze palsy # Parinaud's Syndrome or Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome and vertical gaze palsy, is an inability to move the eyes up or down. It is caused a tumor of the pineal gland which compresses the vertical gaze center at the rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF). The eyes lose t...
4
Collier's sign may be present
Can be caused by hydrocephalus with acquiductal stenosis
Light near dissociation of pupil
Nuclear gaze palsy
Medicine
Miscellaneous
b5994841-4c71-4a5c-8aa4-c7afa2b6fa2d
multi
Which of the following teeth have more than one occlusal form:
null
3
Maxillary 1st premolar
Maxillary 2nd premolar
Maxillary 1st molar
Mandibular 1st molar
Dental
null
55daa13d-b09c-4b71-a6b3-fbd608e7d861
single
While handling a febrile neutropenic patient all are essential except -
null
2
Repeated hand washing of hospital person
White cell infusion
Prophylactic antibiotic
Colony stimulating factor for macrophages
Medicine
null
0c3b4814-6a05-45fd-a448-ebd3a2ed3dd8
multi
Ring scotoma is seen in: September 2012
Ans. B i.e. Retinitis pigmentosa
2
Glaucoma
Retinitis pigmentosa
Sympathetic ophthalmia
Vitreous hemorrhage
Ophthalmology
null
abd07eca-4a1d-4741-bd1f-d97819cc4959
single
Rigor mois occurs first in which voluntary muscle: Delhi 06, 07; COMEDK 08; SGPGI 11
Ans. Muscles of eyelids
1
Muscles of eyelids
Small muscles of hands
Neck muscles
Face muscles
Forensic Medicine
null
a209cab2-17fa-4ce5-81f7-8374016623d6
multi
A patient suddenly experienced pain radiating along the medial border of the dorsum of foot. Which of the following nerve is most likely to be involved?
Since the patient is having pain along the medial border of dorsum of foot, he is most likely suffering from an injury to saphenous nerve. Saphenous nerve is the terminal sensory branch of femoral nerve. It provides sensory innervations to the medial region of the heel, medial malleolus, medial border of foot as far as...
2
Sural nerve
Saphenous nerve
Deep peroneal nerve
Superficial peroneal nerve
Surgery
null
f6331671-e816-44a1-9437-4cf01e33783f
single
The factor which promotes virulence of M. tuberculosis ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cord factor Virulence factors . Virulent strains of tubercle bacilli form microscopic "serpentine cord" in which acid fast bacilli are arranged in parallel chains, cord formation is correlated with virulence. A "cord factor" has been extracted from virulent bacilli with pateroleum ether. It inhibits m...
2
Wax D
Cord factor
Muramyl dipeptide
Muramyl dipeptide
Microbiology
null
a02059d8-4bc0-4901-a623-afbae21fd98f
single
Which of the following is consistent with diagnosis of De-Quervain thyroiditis?
De Quervain thyroiditis is characterised by fever, constitutional symptoms and painful enlarged thyroid due to viral etiology. Initially T4 and T3 are elevated due to damage to follicles. RAIU uptake is reduced. Subsequently hypothyroid phase sets in and RAIU becomes normal. Option A is wrong due to increased RAIU upta...
4
45 year female with 2 week history of painful thyroid gland with elevated T4, T3 and low TSH. RAIU shows increased uptake
25 year female with painless enlarged thyroid with elevated T4,T3 and undetectable TSH. RAIU shows increased uptake
45 year female with fatigue and low T4, T3 and Low TSH
45 year male with painful thyroid 8 weeks ago with low free T4, T3 and elevated TSH
Medicine
Diseases of Thyroid
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Peripheral blood smear examination of a post splenectomy patient would show the presence of:
In the absence of a functional spleen, nuclear remnants are not culled from the red cells and remain as small homogeneously staining blue inclusions, known as Howell-Jolly bodies. Dohle bodies are light blue-gray, oval, inclusions located in the peripheral cytoplasm of neutrophils seen in infections, burns physical tru...
4
Dohle bodies
Hypersegmented neutrophils
Spherocytes
Howell-Jolly bodies
Pathology
null
3d096d5f-f236-4638-b89c-16c59ccfde7e
single
Toxicity of local anaesthesia is reversed by :
null
3
IV epinephrine
IV nalorphine
IV Barbiturates
IV sodium bicarbonate
Surgery
null
b3d9f7c0-1f61-44d2-ab2c-4ecb8925ad05
single
Which is the most common micro-organism known to cause tropical pyomisitis?
Tropical pyomyositis, a disease often seen in tropical countries, is characterised by suppuration within skeletal muscles, manifesting as single or multiple abscesses. The most common organism implicated is Staphylococcus aureus. In 20%-50% of cases there is a history of trauma to the affected muscles. Commonly involve...
4
Streptococcus viridans
Staphylococcus albus
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Staphylococcus aureus
Microbiology
Misc.
478f8fe7-b710-4f04-8a6d-b8bb746a0eb0
single
A temporary, provisional view held by the people on a point of view is -
- opinions are views held by people on a point of dispute. - they are based on the evidence available at a time Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 25th edition, pg no:732 <\p>
1
Opinion
Practice
Attitude
Belief
Social & Preventive Medicine
Social science, Mental health & Genetics
aac92220-8896-4a63-976b-458e2b5bcf12
single
Drug of choice for treatment of neurocysticercosis is:-
Both praziquantal and albendazole are effective against neurocysticercosis. Albendazole is preferred because of its more efficacy and lesser duration of treatment
3
Pyrantel palmoate
Praziquantel
Albendazole
Ivermectin
Pharmacology
Anti-Parasitic Drugs
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Adrenal insufficiency causes: March 2011
Ans. B: Low blood pressure Features of an acute adrenal crisis include circulatory shock with severe hypotension, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia and, in some instances hypoglycemia and hypercalcemia.
2
A rise in plasma sodium/potassium ratio
Low blood pressure
Increase breakdown of protein
All
Medicine
null
901a76cc-d9ef-4fcb-961a-3978ede1e74d
multi
The commonest cause of Intracerebral Bleed is:
Answer is C (Hypeension): An intracerebral bleed (parenchymal) invariably results from rupture of small perforating aeries or aerioles as a result of Hypeension.
3
Thrombocytopenia
Diabetes
Hypeension
Berry aneurysm
Medicine
null
d6e56f6f-f526-4484-93b1-168c5e9ec2b6
single
Following is the most important factor in the management of shock:
null
4
Blood pressure
Cardiac output
CVP to 8 cm of water
Deficiency of effective circulating blood volume
Pathology
null
c76d4d4a-2bd4-4369-ba27-74ccb961fc31
single
For the prevention of human rabies, immediate flushing and washing the wound(s) in animal bite cases, with plenty of soap and water, under running tap should be carried out for how much time
Local wound Treatment in Rabies Purpose of local treatment is to remove as much virus as possible, from site of inoculation, before it is absorbed on local nerve endings Local wound treatment can reduce chances of rabies upto 80% Immediate flushing and washing wound area with plenty of soap and running water for minimu...
3
2 minutes
1 minute
15 minutes
5 minutes
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable diseases
070129f2-755f-4b28-a046-dbb7367a13c2
single
During the ear examination, cough occurs due to stimulation of?
Arnold nerve. It is an auricular branch of the jugular ganglion of the vagus. It supplies the skin of posterior pa of pinna on the medial surface of the concha, and posterior wall of the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane. The auricular nerve is the afferent limb of the Ear-Cough or Arnold Reflex. Ref: Dhing...
1
Vagus
Trigeminal
Hypoglossal
Trochlear
ENT
Ear
1b71a00e-2c7b-47af-9e2e-dabab0ddd943
single
Which of the following is not a radiological feature of meningioma?
Ans. Decalcification inner table
4
Lamellar calcification
Enlarged foramen spinosum
Increased meningeal vascular markings
Decalcification inner table
Radiology
null
f9c47044-8956-4a24-98cc-27e334c2acf3
single
Gall bladder stone formation in influenced by all except:
Answer is D (Hypercholesterolemia): It is increased concentration of cholesterol relative to bile salts in bile that promotes gall stone formation. Serum cholesterol may well be normal. All ether options are known local factors that promote gall stone formation and hence Hypercholesterolemia is the single best answer o...
4
Clofibrate therapy
Hyperalimentation
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Hypercholesterolemia
Medicine
null
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multi
The failure of a calcium hydroxide pulpotomy done on a primary 1st molar is due to:
null
1
Internal resorption
External resorption
Pulp calcification
Pulp fibrosis
Dental
null
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single
First antiboy to appear in hepatitis:
Ans. b. IgM anti HBc
2
IgM anti HBe
IgM anti HBc
IgG anti HBe
IgM anti HBs
Microbiology
null
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single
All of the following affect resting ventilation except
B i.e. J receptorTidal volume excessive load is prevented by (or lung maintains the tidal volume by) activation of slowly adapting pulmonary (or bronchial) stretch receptorsQ."Inflation of lungs induces fuher inflation" due to elastic recoil of alveoli. With inflation of the lungs, there is augmentation of respiratory ...
2
Stretch receptors
J receptor
Oxygen
PCO2
Physiology
null
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multi
A 22-year-old woman consults you for treatment of hirsutism. She is obese and has facial acne and hirsutism on her face and periareolar regions and a male escutcheon. Serum LH level is 35 mIU/mL and FSH is 9 mIU/mL. Androstenedione and testosterone levels are mildly elevated, but serum DHAS is normal. The patient does ...
This patient has polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), diagnosed by the clinical picture, abnormally high LH-to-FSH ratio (which should normally be approximately 1:1), and elevated androgen but normal DHAS. DHAS is a marker of adrenal androgen production; when normal, it essentially excludes adrenal sources of hyperandro...
1
Oral contraceptives
Corticosteroids
GnRH
Parlodel
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Physiology & Histology
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When undertaking bleaching of vital teeth of the following are done except:
null
3
Prophylaxis
Use of protective eye glasses
Use of local anaesthesia
Polishing after treatment
Dental
null
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multi
The composition of ORS recommended by WHO is
null
3
3.5 g NaCl
4.5 g NaCl
2.9 g sodium-potassium citrate
2.8 g sodium bicarbonate
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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single
Inversion of nipple occurs due to the involvement of
Breast carcinoma arising from lactiferous ducts is called as ductal carcinoma. Breast carcinoma arising from lobules is called as lobular carcinoma. It is 10% common. Cutaneous Manifestations of Carcinoma Breast Peau d’orange: Due to obstruction of dermal lymphatics, openings of the sebaceous glands and hair follicl...
4
Breast lobules
Montogomory tubercles
Cooper ligament
Lactiferous ducts
Surgery
null
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The principle that in spinal cord, the dorsal roots are sensory and the ventral roots are motor, is known as:
Bell Megendie Law: States that in spinal cord, the dorsal roots are sensory and the ventral roots are motor. Dale's principle: Same neurotransmitter is released at all branches of a neuron. Monro Kellie hypothesis: The blood volume in the cranial cavity is approximately constant. As the cranium is rigid (except in a yo...
1
Bell-Magendie law
Dale's principle
Monro-Kellie hypothesis
Muller's doctrine
Physiology
Sensory System
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single
A 60 year old man who is a known case of coronary artery disease with drug eluting stent placed 1year ago, presents with lump in abdomen and is posted for laparoscopic diagnostic evaluation. He is also hypertensive patient. Which of the following medications should he discontinue prior to procedure
Clopidogrel has to be stopped 7 days prior to surgery.
2
Atenolol
Clopidogrel
Simvastatin
Aspirin
Anaesthesia
null
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single
Impoant step in activation of naive CD 4+ T cells and initiation of cell mediated immune response is played by Interleukin?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 2 Activation of CD4+ T Cells: Naive CD4+ T cells recognize peptides displayed by dendritic cells and secrete IL-2, which functions as an autocrine growth factor to stimulate proliferation of the antigen- responsive T cells. The subsequent differentiation of antigen-stimulated T cells to TH1 or TH17 ce...
2
1
2
3
4
Pathology
null
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A 60-years-old man with diabetes mellitus presents with painless, swollen right ankle joint. Radiographs of the ankle shows destroyed joint with large no. Of loose bodies. The most probable diagnosis is:
Patient of diabetes with painless swollen joint is enough for the diagnosis of charcot's joint. X-Ray Features Marked destructive changes with periaicular erosions Joint space narrowing Osteophyte formation Subchondral sclerosis Loose bodies. The changes simulate osteoahritis, but the absence of pain is diagnostic. Sim...
1
Charcot's joint
Clutton's joint
Osteoahritis
Rheumatoid ahritis
Orthopaedics
Joint disorders
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Death of the mother from an automobile accident comes under
Nonmaternal death: Death of the mother that results from accidental or incidental causes not related to pregnancy. An example is death from an automobile accident or concurrent malignancy(Ref: William's Obstetrics; 25th edition)
3
Direct maternal death
Indirect maternal death
Nonmaternal death
None of the above
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
All India exam
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multi
Anti–TNF alpha drugs are used for the treatment of all of following diseases EXCEPT :
There is already under-expression of TNF-α in SLE, therefore we cannot use anti-TNF drugs for this condition. It is further strengthened by the fact that anti-TNF alpha drugs like infliximab cause SLE as the adverse effect. Indications for TNF-α inhibitors Rheumatoid arthritis Juvenile arthritis Psoriatic arthritis Ps...
1
Systemic lupus erythematosis
Seronegative arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis
Crohn's disease
Pharmacology
null
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multi
The rate of cooling down of dead bodies in tropical climate is: Delhi 06; Kerala 06; UP 07
Ans. 0.5degC/h
2
0.2degC/h
0.5degC/h
1.5degC/h
2degC/h
Forensic Medicine
null
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single
A 73-year-old man has ischemic rest pain of the left calf. Workup reveals occlusion of the left superficial femoral artery. He is scheduled for an elective femoral-popliteal bypass. A good way to reduce the risk of infection would be to:
Shaving is associated with an increased incidence of wound infection compared to the use of electric clippers or depilatories, as well as compared to no hair removal at all. Prophylactic antibiotics should be started within 60 minutes of the incision time. Plastic adherent drapes and antibiotic wound irrigation have no...
4
Irrigate the wound with bacitracin during the operation
Start cefazolin 1 gIV 4 hours before the surgery
Use a plastic adherent drape
Not shave the leg
Surgery
Miscellaneous
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A pregnant woman with fibroid uterus develops acute pain in abdomen with low grade fever and mild leucocytosis at 28 weeks. The most likely diagnosis is:
Red degeneration This complication occurs during pregnancy (2nd trimester) Myoma becomes tense and tender Symptoms: Abdominal pain, constitutional upset and fever Rx :bed rest and analgesics. Never operate In case of torsion of fibroid, severe abdominal pain is there but fever and raised leucocyte count is not seen. Fi...
3
Preterm labour
Torsion of fibroid
Red degeneration of fibroid
Infection in Fibroid
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Fibroids
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Classification of aoic dissection depends upon?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Level of aoa affectedClassification of Aoic dissectiono The risk and nature of serious complications of dissection depend strongly on the level of aoa affected, with the most serious complications occuring from the aoic valve to the arch.o Thus aoic dissections are generally classified into two types ...
2
Cause of dissection
Level of aoa affected
Percentage of aoa affected
null
Pathology
null
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multi
A child having IQ of 25 falls in which category?
ANSWER: (C) DependentREF: Shorter Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry 5th edition p. 708-712, Current Diagnosis & Treatment in Psychiatry p. 543CLASSIFICATION OF MENTAL RETARDATION: Mild MRModerate MRSevere MRProfound MRIQ50-7035-5020-35<20Quality of lifeEducableTrainableDependentNeeds life supportProgressClass 6Class 2--
3
Educable
Trainable
Dependent
Needs life support
Pediatrics
Neurologic Evaluation
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multi
The symptoms of dietary deficiency of niacin (which results in pellagra) will be less severe if the diet has a high content of:
a. Tryptophan(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 325, Ghai 8/e p 118)Tryptophan can be converted to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) 60mg tryptophan gives rise to 1mg niacin.
1
Tryptophan
Tyrosine
Thymine
Thiamine
Pediatrics
Nutrition
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single
Blood supply of posterior limb of internal capsule includes all except-
Posterior limb of internal capsule is supplied by three sets of arteries : striate branch of middle cerebral  artery, anterior choroid artery; and posterolateral branches of posterior cerebral artery.
2
Middle cerebral artery
Anterior cerebral artery
Anterior choroidal artery
Posterior cerebral artery
Anatomy
null
485305c9-fc36-42a2-ab04-94e696601d86
multi
Blood vessels can be harvested from a body for the purpose of transplantation latest by what period after death?
The periods within which some organs should be removed are as follows Cornea - 6 hours Skin - 24 hours Bone - 48 hours Blood vessels - 72 hours Ref: Essentials of forensic medicine and toxicology by Narayan reddy, edition 21, page 112
4
8 hours
12 hours
48 hours
72 hours
Forensic Medicine
null
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single
According to 357 (c) CrPC, all hospitals (Govt or private) shell provide the first aid medical care free of cost to victims of offences covered by the following section except:
C. 302 Treatment of victims : * All hospitals, public or private, whether run by the Central Government, the State Government, local bodies or any other person, shall immediately, provide the first-aid or medical treatment, free of cost, to the victims of any offence covered under section 326A, 376, 376A, 376B, 376C, 3...
3
326 A IPC
376 IPC
302 IPC
376 A IPC
Forensic Medicine
Sexual offences
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multi
In a chronic smoker, a highly malignant aggressive and metastatic lung carcinoma is :
Cigarette smoking is most strongly associated with squamous Cell Ca and small cell Ca and less commonly associated with Adenocarcinoma. But small cell Ca is highly malignant & Blood stream metastasis occurs early in the course of this Ca.So the answer is small cell carcinoma.  Also Remember M.C Variety of lung Ca in In...
4
Squamous cell Carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Small cell Carcinoma
Medicine
null
a8b586ea-206b-4212-8995-9c243da81597
multi
Hypersensitivity vasculitis affects -
null
1
Post-capillary venules
Arterioles
Veins
Medium-sized arteries
Medicine
null
15602abf-3f96-4c57-9307-12667465300d
single
Which of the following is a prodrug is -
(C) (Primidone) (38 - H 18th) (23, 413 - KDT 7th)PRIMIDONE - A deoxybarbiturate converted by liver to phenobarbitone and phenylethyl malonamide (PEMA). Its antiepileptic activity is mainly due to those active metabolites because t 1/2 of primidone (6-14 hr.) is less than that of its active metabolites, About 1/3 primid...
3
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Primidone
Valproic acid
Pharmacology
General Pharmacology
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single
The following are examples of apoptosis, except
NecrosisApoptosisAlways pathological Maybe physiological or pathological Associated with disruption of cellular homeostasis Impoant for development, homeostasis & elimination of pathogens & tumour cellsAffects contiguous group of cellsAffects single cellCell size increased Cell size shrunken Passive Active Cause inflam...
2
Menstrual cycle
Tumour necrosis
Graft versus host disease
Pathological atrophy following duct obstruction
Anatomy
All India exam
62bbda75-f770-4740-8d7f-5bc8a164acc3
multi
Which of the following antifungal agents binds to ergosterol
POLYENE ANTIBIOTICS Amphotericin B (AMB) Mech of action:- The polyenes have high affinity for ergosterol present in fungal cell membrane. They combine with it, get inseed into the membrane and several polyene molecules together orient themselves in such a way as to form a 'micropore'. The hydrophilic side forms the int...
3
Flucytosine
Terbinafine
Amphotericin B
Fluconazole
Pharmacology
Antibiotics
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single
After digestion by restriction endonucleases DNA bands can re-joined by which of the following substance?
DNA ligase is used to join the DNA bands formed after digestion by restriction endonuclease. DNA gyrase: Its a special type of topoisomerase, has the unusual propey of being able to introduce negative supercoils into resting DNA. This facilitates the future replication of DNA because the negative supercoils neutralise ...
2
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
DNA topoisomerase
DNA gyrase
Biochemistry
null
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single
Abnormalities of copper metabolism are implicated in the pathogenesis of all the following ExceptEXPL
(Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 344)
4
Wilson's disease
Menkes Kinky-hair syndrome
Indian childhood cirrhosis
Keshan disease
Pediatrics
All India exam
b0b74d21-ea72-4b47-a0c4-c691fe45567f
multi
Carcinoma in situ of skin is called as:
null
2
Cowden syndrome.
Bowen disease.
Both
null
Pathology
null
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multi
All the following pathogenic bacteria fulfill Kochs postulates except
Koch's postulates: A microorganism was accepted as the causative agent of infectious disease, only when it satisfied all the following criteria: 1. The microorganism must be present in every case of the disease but absent from healthy host. 2. The suspected microorganism must be isolated and grown in a pure culture fro...
1
Treponema pallidum
Yersinia pestis
Bacillus anthracis
Helicobacter pylori
Microbiology
General Microbiology Pa 1 (History, Microscopy, Stains and Structure and Physiology of Bacteria)
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multi
Levinthal Coles Lillie bodies are seen in -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Psittacosis * In psittacosis infected cells, including alveolar macrophages from patients, and mouse brain, yolk sac and cell cultures shows inclusion bodies - Levinthal - Cole - Lillie (LCL) bodies.
2
LGV
Psittacosis
KalaAzar
Chicken pox
Microbiology
Virology
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single
Low grade squamous Intraepithelial leison of cervix in Bethseda system includes :
Dysplasias are graded as: 1. Mild dysplasia (CIN-I). The undifferentiated cells are confined to the lower one-third of the epithelium. The cells are more differentiated towards the surface. Mild dysplasia due to infection is often seen in young women indulging in sexual activity. CIN-I is lately described as low grade ...
1
CIN 1
CIN 2
CIN 3
Squamous metaplasia
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Gynaecological oncology
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single
Which of the following fracture is known as "fracture a-la signature"?
Depressed fractures are produced by local deformation of the skull. In this, fractured bone is driven inwards into the skull cavity. The outer table is driven into the diploe, the inner table is fractured irregularly and to a greater extent and may be comminuted. They are also called 'fractures a la signature' (signatu...
1
A depressed fracture
A fissured fracture
Separation of the suture
A ring fracture
Forensic Medicine
null
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single
Which of the following is a terminal axillary lymph node?
Apical group of lymph nodes are the terminal axillary lymph nodes. Lymphatic drainage of axillary lymph nodes Anterior, posterior, lateral - central - apical - infra clavicular - supraclavicular - right jugular trunk - right lymphatic duct - right jugulo subclan venous angle
4
central
lateral
anterior
apical
Anatomy
Upper limb : Miscellaneous
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single
All of the following are ture regarding cephalosporins except -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Active against olny gram negative bacteria Cephalosporins are active against gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria, and are bactericidal. o Ceftriaxone is a parentral cephalosporin. o Third generation cephalosporins are highly resistant to beta-lactamases from gram negative bacteria.
2
Bactericidal agents
Active against only gram negative bacteria
IIIrd generation are resistant to beta-lactamases from gram negative bacteria
Ceftriaxone is administered parenterally
Pharmacology
null
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multi
A 30-year-old female presents with a 3-month history of 10kg weight loss despite an increased appetite. She also complains of anxiety, diarrhea and amenorrhea. Examination reveals a fine tremor, brisk reflexes and a systolic murmur heard throughout the precordium. A urine pregnancy screen was negative. What is the most...
Female, weight loss in spite of appetite, amenorrhea, tremors, brisk reflexes are features of Thyrotoxicosis Option A- Pulses Paradoxus is feature of C. Tamponade it is ruled out Option B- Collapsing pulse- Rapidly rising pulse, which collapses suddenly as aerial pressure falls rapidly, during late systole and diastole...
3
Pulsus paradoxus
Collapsing pulse
Irregularly irregular pulse
Pulsus alternans
Medicine
Murmurs
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single
Advantage of cisatracurium over atracurium is?
Ans. (D) Releases less histamine(Ref: Goodman and Gilman 13th/e p182)Both atracurium and cis-atracurium are non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers.Both of these are intermediate acting agents (both have same duration of action).Both of these agents are cardiostableAtracurium has faster onset of action as compared to c...
4
Short duration of action
Rapid onset
Less allergic
Releases less histamine
Pharmacology
Anaesthesia
db35fe68-a1ca-4186-8913-9b4efb4da43c
multi
The initiation of hemoglobin synthesis requires:
Ans. (b) GlycineRef: Harper's Biochemistry, 30th ed. pg. 326-28* Heme is synthesized in a complex series of steps involving enzymes in the mitochondrion and in the cytosol of the cell* The first step in heme synthesis takes place in the mitochondrion. Steps in heme synthesis are:# Condensation of succinyl CoA and glyci...
2
Histidine
Glycine
Folate
Iron
Biochemistry
Proteins and Amino Acids
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single