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The mechanism of learning and memory, include all except:
C i.e. Recruitment by multiplication of neurons
3
Changes in level of neurotransmitter at synapse
Increasing protein synthesis
Recruitment by multiplication of neurons
Spatial Reorganization of synapse
Physiology
null
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multi
Intestinal polyps that have highest potential to grow into cancer
Classification of intestinal polypsInflammatory Inflammatory polyps (pseudopolyps in UC)Metaplastic Metaplastic or hyperplastic polypsHamaomatous Peutz-Jeghers polypJuvenile polypNeoplastic AdenomaTubularTubulovillousVillousAdenocarcinomaCarcinoid tumourRef: Bailey and Love, 27e, page: 1259
2
Inflammatory polyp
Adenomatous polyp
Hyperplastic polyp
Hamaomatous polyp
Surgery
G.I.T
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Which of the following factors will not influence the rate at which a meal will leave the stomach?
Fat in the intestine, low pH, and increased osmolarity of intestinal contents will reduce gastric emptying. This reflex is mediated through neuronal and endocrine factors comprising the enterogastric reflex. Saline in the intestine will not affect gastric emptying.
3
Acidification of the duodenum.
Increasing the tonicity of the intestine.
Saline in the duodenum.
Lipid in the intestine.
Physiology
null
cb5c47ae-5665-4d47-9c1b-bcdc8faf165b
single
A 33-year-old patient is suffering from a sudden occlusion at the origin of the descending (thoracic) aoa. This condition would most likely decrease blood flow in which of the following intercostal aeries?
The first two posterior intercostal aeries are branches of the highest (superior) intercostal aery of the costocervical trunk; the remaining nine branches are from the thoracic aoa. The internal thoracic aery gives off the upper six anterior intercostal aeries and is divided into the superior epigastric and musculophre...
4
Upper six anterior
All of the posterior
Upper two posterior
Lower six posterior
Anatomy
Thorax: Aerial supply
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Nifedipine and beta-blocker are given together -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., To overcome increased sympathetic activity of Nifedipine b-Blocker is given along with Nifedipine because a) Reflex tachycardia (Increased sympathetic activity) caused due to Nifedipine, is prevented by b-blocker. b) b-blockers cause dilatation of coronary aeries by unopposed a-mediated vasoconstricti...
2
To decrease pedal edema due to nifedipine
To overcome increased sympathetic activity of nifedipine
Anti CHF action of propranolol
Antiarrhythmic effect of nifedipine
Pharmacology
null
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single
Marfan's syndrome associated with?
Ectopia lentis REF: Khurana 4th ed p. 422, Pediatric ophthalmology: A clinical guide by Pamela Gallin Table 8-7 "Marfan's syndrome is the most common cause of subluxated lens of childhood" Differential diagnosis of dislocated/subluxated lens: Trauma Ectopia lentis et pupillae Aniridia Syphilis Megalocornea (X linked re...
3
Retinal detachment
Vitreous hemorrhage
Ectopia lentis
Roth spots
Ophthalmology
null
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single
True regarding the contractive of graft is
Thicker the graft more the primary contracture. Thinner the graft more the secondary contracture.
4
Thicker the graft more the secondary contracture
Thinner the graft more the primary contracture
Thicker the graft more is primary and secondary contracture
Thinner the graft more the secondary contracture
Surgery
null
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multi
Sleep spindles and K complexes occur in which phase of the sleep cycle
Sleep spindles are sudden bursts of oscillatory brain activity generated during stage 2 of NREM sleep.K complexes are large waves that react to external stimuli while sleeping also seen during stage 2 of NREM sleep.
3
REM
Stage I
Stage II
Stage III
Physiology
Nervous system
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single
In a patient with wide-complex tachycardia, the presence of all of the following in the ECG indicates ventricular tachycardia except
Answer is C (Typical right bundle branch block) Wide complex tachycardia due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) is characterized by bizzare QRS pattern that does not mimic typical RBBB or LBBB QRS complexes The presence of wide QRS complex tachycardia with typical RBBB or LBBB suggests supraventricular tachycardia with ab...
3
Atrioventricular dissociation
Fusion beats
Typical right bundle branch block
Capture beats
Medicine
null
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multi
Best test for lung fibrosis-
Chest X ray may be normal in individuals with early or limited disease.HRCT typically demonstrates a patchy,predominantly peripheral,subpleural and basal reticular pattern, and,in more advanced disease,the presence of honeycombing cysts and traction bronchiectasis.When these features are present,HRCT has a high positiv...
3
Chest xray
MRI
HRCT
Biopsy
Medicine
Respiratory system
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Structure not passing through the esophageal hiatus -
Oesophageal opening -        Level- T10 -        At muscular portion derived from right crus -        Structures transmitted Oesophagus Oesophageal branch of the left gastric artery Vagus nerve
1
Left phrenic nerve
Right vagus nerve
Left vagus nerve
Left gastric artery
Anatomy
null
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single
Atropine is added to pyridostigmine in treatment of myasthenia gravis due to:
Ans. B. To decrease the muscarinic side effectsTreatment of myasthenia gravisa. Anticholinesterase - Pyridostigmine, an intermediate-acting agent, is preferred in clinical use to the shorter-acting neostigmine bromide and the longer-acting Ambenonium chloride. Dosing is every 6 hours for pyridostigmine and every 4 hour...
2
To prevent the central excitation
To decrease the muscarinic side effects
To prolong the effect of neostigmine
To delay the progression of disease
Pharmacology
A.N.S.
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In a case of undifferentiated arthritis, presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti CCP) indicates strong possibility of which of the following?
Anticitrullinated peptide antibody test (Anti ccp) test is more specific than rheumatoid factor for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. It may be positive very early in the course of the disease.
1
Rheumatoid arthritis
Systemic lupus erythematosis
Mixed connective tissue disorder
Reactive arthritis
Orthopaedics
null
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True about polio vaccination is all EXCEPT:
Follow up of AFP every 30 days REF: Park 20thedition page 180-184 AFP surveillance is done every 60 days to check for residual paralysis Salk contains all three types of polio virus inactivated by formalin, contains 20,2 & 4D antigen of types 1,2 and 3 The doses of OPV given during pulse polio immunization are extra an...
1
Follow up of AFP every 30 days
Salk contains three types of polio virus
Pulse polio doses are extra and supplemental
Oral polio vaccine provides intestinal immunity also
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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multi
Maximum audible tolerance is? (As per factory Act)
ANSWER: (B) 90 db for 8 hoursREF: Dhingras 3rd ed page 46According to ministry of labour government of IndiaA noise of 90 db, 8 hrs a day for 5 days per week is maximum safe limit.No exposure in excess of 115 db is permittedNo impulse noise of intensity greater than 140 db is permitted.Persons working in area where noi...
2
90 db for 6 hours
90 db for 8 hours
85 db for 6 hours
85 db for 8 hours
ENT
Physiology of Ear
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Which of the following is the principal mode of heat exchange in an Infant incubator?
Infants lose heat from the skin to the environment by the following methods: Convection :This is the loss of heat from the infant&;s skin to the surrounding air. Infants lose a lot of heat by convection when exposed to cold air or draughts. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition
3
Radiation
Evaporation
Convection
Conduction
Pediatrics
New born infants
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Complication of acute anterior uveitis are all EXCEPT
C i.e. Retinal detachment
3
Secondary glaucoma
Cataract
Retinal detachment
Macular oedema
Ophthalmology
null
ccd13a69-f98d-4570-afb0-352249608047
multi
Lymphatics from the upper limb drain into which group of axillary nodes?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lateral groupLateral group:Lie along the upper pa of the humerus, medial to the axillary vein.Receive lymph from upper limb.
2
Anterior group
Lateral group
Central group
Posterior group
Anatomy
null
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Beta adrenergic blocker having cardioselectivity, intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and membrane stabilizing propey is:
Acebutolol is cardioselective Beta blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and membrane stabilizing propey * Cardioselective Beta blockers : Metoprolol, Atenolol , Acebutolol , Bisoprolol , Nebivolol These drugs are more potent in blocking cardiac (Beta 1) than bronchial (Beta 2) receptors. However, selectivity...
3
Carvedilol
Atenolol
Acebutolol
Metoprolol
Pharmacology
ANS
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Hypokalemia is associated frequently with
Insulin, b2-adrenergic activity, thyroid hormone, and alkalosis promote Na+/K+-ATPase-mediated cellular uptake of K+, leading to hypokalemia. Causes of Hypokalemia I. Decreased intake A. Starvation B. Clay ingestion II. Redistribution into cells A. Acid-base 1. Metabolic alkalosis B. Hormonal 1. Insulin 2. Increased b2...
2
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Medicine
Fluid and electrolytes
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Which pa of the renal system produces and secretes renin?
The renin is produced by the juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells). These epitheloid cells are located in the media of the afferent aerioles as they enter the glomeruli. Renin is also found in agranular lacis cells that are located in the junction between the afferent and efferent aerioles. This enzyme acts in conce with an...
1
JG cells
Macula densa
Tubular cells
All of the above
Physiology
null
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multi
Lucid interval may be seen in ?
Ans. is `e' i.e., Insanity Lucid interval is seen in insanity and epidural haemorrhage. Lucid interval is a state of consciousness between two episodes of unconsciousness in subacute/chronic epidural haemorrhage. It is significant that during this period (lucid interval), the person can : (i) Make a valid will, (ii) Ca...
3
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Alcohol intake
Insanity
Subdural hemorrhage
Forensic Medicine
null
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single
In presence of Halden effect, CO2 uptake is 2 ml/ 100 ml of blood in aeries, what will be CO2 uptake in absence of Haldone effect in veins ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 4 ml/100 ml of blood
2
2 ml/100 ml of blood
4 ml/100 ml of blood
6 ml/100 ml of blood
8 ml/100 ml of blood
Physiology
null
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Contents of broad ligament are all except
Internal pudendal artery is not content of broad ligament.
4
Round ligament
Uterine vessels
Infundibulopelvic Ligament
Internal pudendal artery
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
eba3c443-abeb-4e38-99d7-74b07d197dc0
multi
A healthy 75-year-old man bleeds from a duodenal ulcer. Medical management and endoscopic measures fail to stop the bleeding. What is the next step in management?
In general, surgery for peptic ulcer bleeding is indicated at an earlier stage in an older patient because vessels are atherosclerotic and less likely to stop bleeding spontaneously. In addition, diminished perfusion of the heart, brain, and kidneys is less well tolerated in elderly patients. At surgery, the gastroduod...
4
Continued transfusion of 8 U of blood
Administration of norepinephrine
Oversewing of the bleeding point
Oversewing of the bleeding point, vagotomy. and pyloroplasty
Surgery
Stomach & Duodenum
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After radical mastectomy there was injury to the long thoracic nerve. The integrity of the nerve can be tested at the bedside by asking the patient to:-
Nerve Muscle Movement long thoracic nerve serratus anterior overhead abduction. spinal accessory nerve trapezius Shrugging of shoulder Lateral and medial pectoral nerves Pectoralis major touching the opposite shoulder.
2
Shrug the shoulders
Raise the arm above the head on the affected side
Touch the opposite shoulder
Lift a heavy object from the ground
Anatomy
Upper limb bones and muscles (proximal region) & Scapular movements
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Which of the following is not true about tryptophan?
Tryptophan is an essential aminoacid. It is used in the synthesis of Melatonin, serotonin and niacin.
4
Involved in niacin synthesis
Involved in serotonin synthesis
Involved in melatonin synthesis
It is a non essential amino acid.
Biochemistry
null
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multi
25 year old patient presented with mass in rt iliac fossa. Which after laparotomy was found to be carcinoid of 2.5 cm. in diameter. What will be next step in management -
null
3
Segmental resection
Appendicetomy
Rt. hemicolectomy
Do yearly 5 HIAA assay.
Surgery
null
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multi
Which is not a metastatic complication of gonococci -
null
3
Endocarditis
Meningitis
Nephritis
Arthritis
Microbiology
null
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single
Regarding International Classification of Diseases untrue is
Ans. b (10th revision has 15 major chapters) (Ref. Park PSM 22nd/ 47)INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES (ICD)# It is conducted by the WHO every 10 years and accepted for national and international use.# Since its inception, ICD has been revised about once every 10 years; the latest revision, the 10th revision, ca...
2
Revised every 10 years
10th revision has 15 major chapters
Is base for use in other health fields
Coding system in 10th revision is alpha numerical
Social & Preventive Medicine
Miscellaneous
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multi
False regarding calcium homeostasis in pregnancy is?
Ans. B. Serum ionized calcium levels fallTotal serum calcium levels, (which include both ionized and non-ionized calcium), decline during pregnancy, reduction follows lowered plasma albumin concentrations and, a consequent decrease in the amount of circulating protein- bound non ionized calcium. Serum ionized calcium l...
2
Serum non ionized calcium levels fall
Serum ionized calcium levels fall
Intestinal absorption of calcium increased
Levels of 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D are increased
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Physiological changes during Pregnancy
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The ‘a’ wave in venous waveform is absent in case of
null
2
AV dissociation
Atrial fibrillation
Tricuspid incompetency
All of the above
Medicine
null
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multi
Commonest form of anthrax is -
null
3
Wool sorters disease
Alimentary type
Cutaneous type
None of the above
Surgery
null
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multi
Anencephaly causes all except :
null
4
Prematurity
Face presentation
Hydramnios
null
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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A 30-year-old restrained driver was involved in a motor-vehicle crash. He is hemodynamically stable and has a large seat belt sign on the abdomen. His abdomen is tender to palpation. In this patient one should be most concerned about:
While all the injuries listed are potential problems in this patient, the most severe is blunt hollow viscus injury. A delay in diagnosis beyond 12 hours is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. There may be very few physical signs of a viscus perforation and CT findings may be subtle and not definitive. A...
4
Liver and spleen injury
Transection of the head of the pancreas
Renal pedicle avulsion
Hollow-viscus injuries
Surgery
Trauma
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A young pregnant woman presents with fulminant hepatic failure. The most likely aetiological agent is:
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hepatitis E virus(Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, 550 and 8th/e, p. 546)* Fulminant hepatitis may occur rarely in 1 - 2% of cases, except for the pregnant women who are particularly at higher risk (20%) of developing fulminant hepatitis.
3
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis C virus
Hepatitis E virus
Hepatitis A virus
Microbiology
Hepatitis Viruses
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Vogt&;s triad is indicative of
Vogt&;s triad of clinical signs of past acute angle closure glaucoma includes sector iris atrophy, pigment dispersion on corneal endothelium and anterior subcapsular cataractous changes called Glaukomflecken. Ref:- Parsons diseases of eye; pg num:-298
4
Past attack of herpes zoster ophthalmicus
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
Past attack of acute iridocyclitis
Past attack of acute-angle closure glaucoma
Ophthalmology
Glaucoma
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Retienloeyte level in newborn's ?
Reticulocyte count is the percentage of reticulocytes in total red blood cells.
3
0.2–1.5%
1–1.6%
2.5–6%
6–10.2%
Pediatrics
null
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"Kayser - Fleischer rings" seen in
(Wilson's disease) (648 - HM) (656- Basic pathology 8th)* Greenish brown pigmented rings in the periphery of the cornea (Kayer - Fleischer rings) seen in Wilson's disease* In wilson disease, deposition of copper occurs
1
Wilson's disease
a -1 Antitrypsin deficiency
Haemochromatosis
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Pathology
Liver & Biliary Tract
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Which of these is true of fetal haemoglobin?
Hb F binds less avidly to 2,3 DPG than HbA and thus has higher affinity for oxygen than HbA Almost 65 to 90% of haemoglobin at bih is HbF. After bih HbF gamma gene is switched off and HbA beta gene is switched on so more and more HbA is formed. Sickle cell patients have relatively high amounts of fetal Hb. HbA first ap...
3
HbF binds more avidly to to 2,3 DPG
HbF is completely replaced by HbA at the time of bih
HbA first appears in fetal blood at 11 weeks when bone marrow stas hematopoiesis
With Sickle cell anemia very low amounts of HbF is produced
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Fetal circulation
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Dawn phenomenon refers to -
The dawn phenomenon, also called the dawn effect, is the term used to describe an abnormal early-morning increase in blood sugar (glucose) -- usually between 2 and 8 a.m. -- in people with diabetes. It arises through a combination of the normal circadian rhythm and release of counter-regulatory hormones (growth hormone...
1
Early morning hyperglycemia
Early morning hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia followed by hyperglycemia
High insulin levels
Medicine
Endocrinology
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Bisphosphonates are useful in all EXCEPT:
ANSWER: (B) Vitamin D excessREF: KDT 6th ed page 333, Lippincot 6th ed page 758, Year Book of Endocrinology 2013 - Page 179See details of Bisphosphonates in Pharmacology 2013 Session 2
2
Hypercalcemia of malignancy
Vitamin D excess
Postmenopausal osteoporosis
Paget disease
Pharmacology
Endocrinology
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Galactorrhoea due to ectopic prolactin is seen in a) Malignant thymoma b) Bronchogenic carcinoma c) Medullary carcinoma thyroid d) Hypemephroma
null
2
abc
bd
bcd
cd
Medicine
null
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True about Anorexia nervosa
Is associated with constipation more commonly than diarrhoea T3 is more o en low with an apparently normal T4. Diarrhoea may occur with laxative abuse but constipation is commonest with inherent hypomotility of the gut.
4
Is more common than bulimia
Can have a low T4 in the presence of a normal T3
May have a hypochloremic hypokalemic alkalosis
Is associated with constipation more commonly than diarrhea
Pathology
All India exam
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The following name is associated with psychodynamic theory
Contributor: Freud, Sigmund (1856-1939) Coined the Term: Free association, Psychoanalysis, Psychodynamics, Oedipus complex, Electra complex, Penis envy, Primal scene, Ego defence mechanisms, Repression, Psychological determinism, Pleasure principle, Reality principle Special Mention: Founder of psychoanalysis; some of ...
2
Carl Jung
Sigmund Freud
Emil Kraeplin
Eugen Bleuler
Psychiatry
Cognitive development and defence mechanism
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A primigravida with full term pregnancy in labor for 1 day is brought to casualty after dia handing. On examination she is dehydrated, slightly pale, bulse 100/min, BP120 / 80 mm Hg. abdominal examination reveals a fundal height of 36 weeks, cephalic presentation, foetal hea absent, mild uterine contractions present. O...
Ventouse delivery
3
Cesarean section
Oxytocin drip
Ventouse delivery
Craniotomy and vaginal delivery
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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multi
A laboratory experiment is performed to evaluate the chemotactic potential of a group of potential mediators. Which of the following substances most likely has the greatest affinity for neutrophils?
Several substances have chemotactic potential for neutrophils. C5a is a prominent example Chemotactic Factors Factor Description Chemotactic For Formylated peptides Bacterial products of Escherichia coli Neutrophils C5a Activated complement component Neutrophils HETE, LTB Leukotrienes Neutrophils Kallikrein Product of ...
1
C5a
Fucosyl transferase
P-selectin
TNF-a
Pathology
Chemical mediators in plasma: Kinin system
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Antihelminthic which acts by flaccid paralysis of worms is-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Piperazine Piperazine o It causes hyperpolarization of ascaris muscle by a GABA agonistic action opening Cl-channels --> flaccid paralysis. o Piperazine safe and well tolerated drug, it is also safe in pregnancy. Remember o Drugs causing flaccid paralysis Ivermectin, piperazine. o Drugs causing spasti...
1
Piperazine
Bephenium
Pyrantel
null
Pharmacology
null
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Pseudoaerial aneurysm in drug abuser&;s seen in
Pseudoaneurysm is a rare condition arising from disruption in aerial wall with blood dissecting into the tissues around the damaged aery creating a perfused sac that communicates with the aerial lumen. Its incidence is on rise due to increase in endovascular procedures, hemodialysis and intravenous drug abuse. Here we ...
3
Radial
Brachial
Femoral
Carotid
Surgery
Vascular surgery
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Commonest mass in the middle mediastinum is –
"Lymphadenopathy is by for the most common middle mediastinal mass". "The most common middle mediastinal mass is adenopathy". "Lymphadenopathy is the most common middle mediastinum mass".                   You should keep in mind that, though, the most common middle mediastinal mass is lymph nodes enlargement, duplica...
3
Lipoma
Aneurysm
Lymph node mass
Congenital cysts
Radiology
null
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All of the following are true of Neurocvsticercosis EXCEPT
(B) More common in vegetarians # Neurocysticercosis is caused by infection with the pork tapeworm Taenia solium, and undergoes specific clinical and imaging changes at it progresses through four stages of infection.1. Vesicular - viable parasite with intact membrane and therefore no host reaction. Cyst is CSF density /...
2
Albendazole is the drug of choice
More common in vegetarians
Produces intracerebral calcification
Man is the definitive host
Medicine
Miscellaneous
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multi
Magaldrate is converted by gastric acid to -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Magnesium hydroxide and Aluminium hydroxide Magaldrate:o Magaldrateis a common antaciddrug that is used for the treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers, esophagitis from gastroesophageal reflux.o Magaldrate is a hydroxymagnesium aluminate complex that is converted rapidly in gastric acid to Mg(OH)2 a...
3
Magnesium hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate
Magnesium hydroxide and Aluminium hydroxide
Calcium carbonate and aluminium hydroxide
Pharmacology
Anti-Ulcer
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All the following show miliary shadows on chest X-ray except:
Ans. Staphylococcal pneumonia
4
Pneumoconiosis
Mitral stenosis
Sarcoidosis
Staphylococcal pneumonia
Radiology
null
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Most important feature of delirium -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Clouding of consciousness o The most conspicuous feature is a clouding of consciousness which ranges from mild dulling to deep coma.Deliriumo Delirium is defined by the acute onset of fluctuating cognitive impairment and a disturbance of consciousness. It is also referred to as acute confusional state...
4
Impaired attention
Anxiety
Hyperactivity
Clouding of consciousness
Psychiatry
Organic Mental Disorder
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single
Which of the following is/are included in bipolar disease -a) Hypomaniab) Cyclothymiac) Paranoid disorderd) Hyperthymiae) Kleptomania
null
2
ac
ab
ad
bc
Psychiatry
null
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single
Which of the micromineral is a constituent of vitamin B12 -
Ans. is 'c* i.e., Cobalt o Vitamin B12. is a corrinoid, i.e. cobalt-containing compound possessing the corrin ring.Microminerals or trace elementsChromiumPotentiate the effect of insulinImpaired glucose metabolismCobaltConstituent of vitamin B12QMacrocytic anemiaCopperConstituent of oxidase enzymes, e.g., tyrosinase, l...
3
lodine
Zinc
Cobalt
Iron
Unknown
null
6b12325f-1c6e-4c2f-abc0-c86013a3b1fb
single
The Fc piece of which Immunoglobulin fixes C1 complements?
.
2
IgA
IgG
IgD
IgE
Pharmacology
All India exam
ba52876c-d68b-4496-8e7e-48a8ea36572e
single
A patient on amphotericin B develops hypokalemia of 2.3 meq/1. K+ supplementation required:(AIIMS November 2013, Nov 2012)
Ans. d. 120-160 mEq over 24 hours (Ref: Cecil Textbook of Medicine by Goldmann/Ausiello Renal and Genitourinary Diseases 22/e p685)Except in unusual circumstances, the total amount of potassium administered daily should not exceed 200 mEq.Potassium SupplementationA prudent protocol to follow is to add potassium chlorid...
4
40 mEq over 24 hours
60 mEq over 24 hours
80 mEq over 24 hours
120-160 mEq over 24 hours
Medicine
Electrolyte
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single
Hormone therapy indicated in menopausal women:
Ans. a. Hot flashRef: Shaws Textbook of Gynecology 16th Ed; Page No-74HORMONE REPLACEMENTTHERAPYBenefits and RisksEstrogen therapy is the most effective FDA-approved method for relief of menopausal vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes), it is also used in genitourinary atrophy and dyspareunia.Hot flashes:Excess amount of sw...
1
Hot flash
Ca breast
Endometriosis
Uterine bleeding
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Physiology & Histology
ad053d8b-39b1-49b8-90ef-799e9cded1e0
single
Radiological hallmark of primary tuberculosis in childhood is?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Lymphadenopathy Lymphadenopathy with or without parenchymal abnormality is the radiological hallmark of primary tuberculosis in childhood.
3
Ghon's focus
Normal chest Xray
Lymphadenopathy
Pleural effusion
Radiology
null
d12d57f1-c338-4adf-a90a-e9e62f9ec7c2
multi
Causes of eosinophilia -a) Hodgkin's diseaseb) Filariasisc) MId) HIV infection
Conditions producing allergic reactions and resulting eosinophilia are: Drugs: Iodides, Aspirin, Sulfonamides, Nitrofurantoin, Penicillins, Cephalosporins. Disease conditions: Hay fever, Asthma, Eczema, Serum sickness, Allergic vasculitis, Pemphigus, All types of parasitic infections. Collagen vascular diseases: RA, E...
3
acd
bcd
abd
ab
Pathology
null
078579c4-6bd5-4418-87e0-e8de95addb69
single
Ante's law is followed in the construction of
null
2
Complete denture
Fixed partial denture
Removable partial denture
All of the above
Dental
null
1bcc0bd8-02e6-4387-a3fc-3ba35c75cc88
multi
Which of these rules is associated with the highlighted bone?
Ans. (C). Rule of AshleyREVISE IT NOW POINTSRule of Hasse - Gestational age from rigor mortisRule of Ashley - Sex determination from sternal length (> 149 cm - Male; < 149 cm - Female)Rule of 9 - Burns (Rule of Wallace)Rule of 12 - Rigor mortis.Rule of Nysten -Sequential development of rigor mortis.Rule of Half dozen (...
3
Rule of Hasse
Rule of half dozen
Rule of Ashley
Rule of Nysten
Forensic Medicine
Forensic Psychiatry
a1986cf1-644a-4451-9d79-719da9cc2532
single
All are true for Rapid sand filters except:
Comparison of Rapid and Slow Sand Filters: Rapid sand filter Slow sand filter aka Biological filter Space Occupies very little space Occupies large areas Rate of filtration 200 m.g.a.d 2-3 m.g.a.d Effective size of sand 0.4-0.7 mm 0.2-0.3 mm Preliminary treatment Chemical coagulation & sedimentation Plain sedimentation...
3
No preliminary storage of raw water is required
Operation requires highly skilled persons
Frequent washing is not required
Can be gravity type or pressure type
Social & Preventive Medicine
Water
b3221deb-4b2f-4a83-99c8-7bece776d82b
multi
An epiphyseal bone lesion is -
Chondroblastoma also reffered to as codman tumours are rare benign cailaginous neoplasms that charecteristically arise in the epiphysis or apophysis of along bone in young patients. It has high occurence and high chance of metastasis. ref img
2
Osteogenic sarcoma
Chondroblastoma
Ewing's sarcoma
Chondromyxoid fibroma
Pathology
Breast
9dd669d6-024c-4792-938e-660ed66bdcc0
single
Which anti-epileptic drug will cause hirsutism in a 30 year old woman: March 2013
Ans. A i.e. Phenytoin Dermatologic side-effects of Phenytoin includes hyperichosis, rash, exfoliative dermatitis, pruritis, hirsutism, and coarsening of facial features.
1
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Valproate
Ethosuximide
Pharmacology
null
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single
Test used to differentiate between chromosomal pattern of normal cell and cancer cell?
null
4
FISH
PCR
Karyotyping
Comparative genomic hybridization
Pathology
null
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single
All of the following statements about penicillin G are true EXCEPT :
Penicillin act by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis via the inhibition of transpeptidation reaction. Penicillin G is the drug of choice for: - Gram +ve bacteria (like Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, non-beta-lactamase producing Staphylococcus, Clostridium and other gram-positive rods) - Gram-negative bacteria (lik...
2
It is actively secreted in tubules
It is never administered orally
It is effective, against gram positive as well as some gram negative bacteria
It acts by inhibiting cell wall synthesis
Pharmacology
null
ae77f9e3-1c17-4bc7-839e-7269dbbe541b
multi
For a mobile tumour on vocal cord, treatment is:
According to Dhingra Radiotherpy is the treatment of choice for vocal cord cancer with normal mobility. Normal mobility of cord suggests that growth is only limited to the surface and belongs to either stage T1 or T2. TOC for stage T1 of glottic carcinoma - radiotherapy. TOC for stage T2 of glottic carcinoma - depends ...
3
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiotherapy
None of the above
ENT
null
7d0d3757-aa09-41ce-aa0d-47e13f0c3031
multi
Tubercles of Montgomery are present in:
Montgomery’s glands or Montgomery Tubercles are the large sebaceous and rudimentary milk glands present in the areola surrounding the nipple of the female breast.
4
Lung
Duodenum
Liver
Breast
Unknown
null
85ec6e0a-3546-468a-98fb-e0c458b8fd4e
single
Which of the following diuretic is used in the given condition?
Loop diuretics are 1st choice in hepatic cirrhosis associated edema along with aldosterone antagonist.Ref: Katzung 13thed.Pg 265
1
Furosemide
Thiazide
Acetazolamide
Neomycin
Pharmacology
Gastrointestinal tract
83d11f6f-924f-49d4-af78-9d92ad75b1af
single
The indicator used in autoclave is -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Bacillus stearothermophilus Steam sterilization is widely used as a terminal sterilization process for pharmaceutical drug products in glass ampoules, vials, syringes, and plastic containers.It is also used for sterilizing closures, filters, manufacturing equipment, cleaning equipment, and so forth. B...
2
Clostridium tetani
Bacillus stereothermophilus
Bacillus pumilis
Bacillus subtilisvamiger
Microbiology
General
9e886826-9722-4be1-86d9-cf720e294fe4
single
Hyaline cartilage of respiratory tree extends up to:
Hyaline cartilage extends till the bronchi and are absent (or scatteredly present) distally in the bronchioles. Goblet cells also extend till bronchus level; beyond that they are present scatteredly.
4
Tertiary bronchiole
Secondary bronchiole
Terminal bronchiole
Bronchi
Anatomy
null
4fc30947-1e18-46a4-b1ba-7dac54142704
single
The drug of choice for the treatment of Thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy is ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Propylthiouracil o Both carbimazole and propylthiourcil can be used during pregnancy, but propyl-thiouracil is the drug of choice because its greater protein binding allows low doses of propylthioracil to be transferred across the placenta and therefore less chance of hypothyroidism. o Historically, p...
3
Carbimazole
Iodine therapy
Propylthiouracil
Metimazole
Pharmacology
null
27130e7c-8427-45a2-8423-7f670e1fa323
single
Which Anti-Fungal is safe in both Renal Failure and Hepatic Failure patients ?
ECHINOCANDINS: MOA: Inhibits 1,3-b-d-glucan synthesis. Three Echinocandins are approved for clinical use: Caspofungin, Anidulafungin,and Micafungin. Used against Candida and Aspergillus sp. Fungicidal activity against Candida species while Fungistatic against Aspergillus species. CAspofungin: Candida and Aspergillus sp...
4
Amphotericin B
Caspofungin
Micafungin
Anidulafungin
Pharmacology
Anti-Fungal Drugs
65302436-4b9a-4c7d-94d1-ef5da90b193d
multi
Stimulation of the sympathetic nerves to the normal heart:
Ans. C. Decreases the duration of the QT intervalStimulation of the sympathetic nerves to the normal heart decreases the duration of the ventricular action potential and, therefore, decreases the QT interval. As heart rate increases, the duration of diastole and, therefore, the TP interval decreases. Increased conducti...
3
Increases duration of the TP interval
Increases the duration of the PR interval
Decreases the duration of the QT interval
Leads to fewer P waves than QRS complexes
Physiology
Heart, Circulation, and Blood
4ca0f5d3-5880-4bc0-8b5e-726d26f28b12
single
Progression of congenital scoliosis is least likely in which of the following vertebral anomalies -
Congenital vertebral anomalies causing scoliosis are : Hemivertebrae Wedge vertebra Unsegmented bar Block vertebra Combination : unsegmented bar with hemivertebrae Amongst these minimum chances of progression are with block vertebrae and maximum with the combination of unsegmented bar & hemivertebrae. Unsegmented b...
3
Fully segmented Hemivertebra
Wedge vertebra
Block vertebra
Unilateral unsegmented bar with Hemivertebra
Orthopaedics
null
b23af97c-cb40-4928-93dd-8d6b1579661c
single
The blood supply of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is primarily derived from:
The primary blood supply to the Anterior cruciate ligament comes from the middle genicular aery which pierces the posterior capsule and enters the intercondylar notch near the femoral attachment. Ref: Campbell's Operative Ohopaedics, 11th Edition, Page 2497;Operative Ahroscopy, 3rd Edition, Pages 67, 68; Current Concep...
3
Superior medial genicular aery
Descending genicular aery
Middle genicular aery
Circumflex fibular aery
Surgery
null
6da296b7-369f-473d-a74e-f695bcc70a9f
single
Which of the following diuretic causes impaired glucose tolerance?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Thiazides Drugs causing hyperglycemia* Asparaginase* Ethacrinic acid* HIV protease inhibitors* Pentamidine* Chlorthalidone* Frusemide* Niacin* Thiazides* Diazoxide* Glucocorticoids* OCP* b-adrenergic agonists* Encainide* Growth-hormone* Phenytoin* b-blockers (propranolol)* Thyroid hormones* Vacor* Clo...
2
Spironolactone
Thiazides
Amiloride
Canrenone
Pharmacology
Diuretic
36f3627d-61a5-4cc6-baa6-8cc7acf90810
multi
Which of the following is not useful in measuring cardiac output?
Ans. B. Central venous catheter* Central venous catheter alone is not useful for measuring cardiac output.* Various methods to measure cardiac output are as follows:- Pulmonary artery flotation catheter (PAFC): Use dye dilution and thermodilution techniques (bolus and continuous thermodilution cardiac output monitoring...
2
Transthoracic echocardiogram
Central venous catheter
Thermodilution pulmonary catheter
Continuous cardiac output pulmonary catheter
Medicine
C.V.S.
d743d524-a66c-44b3-abb6-8d8c0a50dd76
single
Patients with bilateral CDH walk with the following gait?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Waddling Waddling gait It is also called as duck walk gait. It is a wide base gait with increased lumbar lordosis, the patient sways to the same side after putting weight on the limb. It is seen commonly in pregnancy, bilateral CDH, osteomalacia and myopathies.
1
Waddling
Stumbling
Knock knee
Antalgic
Surgery
null
49cc7dd6-8abb-4822-adea-edcdf350b486
single
Risk of HIV transmission is highest during
.
3
During Caesarian section
During antepaum period
During vaginal delivery
Breast feeding
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
All India exam
2e3df92f-1380-48ac-a0ad-bcf0e5e14c83
single
Cranial nerve related to apex of petrous temoporal bone
Cranial nerve 5 & 6 are related to apex of petrous bone. Only 1st & 2nd cranial nerves do not arise from brain stem and so do not pass through posterior-cranial fossa. And all other C.N (i.e. 3rd to 12th) pass through posterior cranial fossa. Trochlear (4th) nerve is the only cranial nerve to emerge dorsally from the b...
3
VIII
VII
VI
IX
Anatomy
null
e6847ec1-57cd-4cc4-b390-5a8c242075ee
single
The middle cardiac vein is located at the -
In Coronary sulcus -        Great cardiac vein, small cardiac vein, coronary sinus, right coronary artery, left circumflex artery  In anterior interventricular sulcus -        Great cardiac vein, left anterior descending artery  In posterior interventricular sulcus -        Middle cardiac vein, posterior interventricul...
2
Anterior interventricular sulcus
Posterior interventricular sulcus
Posterior AV groove
Anterior AV groove
Anatomy
null
cac0b763-b547-49b9-a05c-4fa435235fa2
single
Protein not synthesized in liver:-
Immunoglobulins - are synthesized from plasma cell. Other all plasma protein are synthesized from liver They are glycoproteins Consist of two identical heavy (H) Chains and two identical light (L) chains Is a Y-shaped tetramer (H2L2) Humans have five classes of immunoglobulins-namely IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD and IgE-containi...
2
Albumin
Immunoglobulins
Plasma enzymes
Acute phase proteins
Biochemistry
NEET 2019
8df7e22b-44b5-406a-aff3-80157a7c7958
single
Which among the following is true about Monitoring?
Monitoring is the performance and analysis of routine measurements aimed at detecting changes in the environment or health status of the population. It is a narrow concept. No action and feedback done. Ref: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine; 24th edition - Page no. 44
2
Broader concept
Analysis of measurement for detecting changes in health status
Feedback is done
Detects missed out cases
Social & Preventive Medicine
Concept of health and disease
bc24be02-f335-4a5e-9a49-ea2f14ec315b
multi
Foamy liver is seen in:
Ans. (A). PutrefactionHoney comb appearance or foamy liver is seen in putrefaction due to the presence of gas bubbles within the parenchyma.
1
Putrefaction
Adipocere
Mummification
Dry drowning.
Forensic Medicine
Injuries
406bc3d8-8e47-46f3-bd14-e3d4e7bda2d3
single
ER Positive cases of cancer breast - drug given is
Ans. (b) Tamoxifen(Ref. Sabiston 20th edition 853)* Tamoxifen - ER+ ve Tumors in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal* Aromatose Inhibitors - ER +ve in Postmenopausal women only
2
Bevacizumab
Tamoxifen
Cyclophosphamide
Adalimumab
Surgery
Breast
14aebfa4-f65c-460e-90a0-9884725698aa
single
All are used in treating spasmodic dysmenorrhoea except :
Ans. is a i.e. Bromocriptine
1
Bromocriptine
Ibuprofen
Mefenamic acid
Norethisterone and ethinyl estradiol
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
64880356-22b2-446c-9d1a-d01bdb3a49a4
multi
Most common presentation of Wilm's tumour?
Ans. C. Abdominal mass. (Ref. Robin's Pathology 8th/pg. 271; Love and Bailey 26th/pg.l24; 1304).Nephroblastoma (Wilms' tumour)# Usually presents in the first five years of life# Typically presents with an abdominal mass# May cause haematuria, abdominal pain or fever# It extends into the renal vein and vena cava and met...
3
Fever
Hematuria
Abdominal mass
UTI
Surgery
Kidney & Ureturs
38efddad-99ee-4019-a745-909179acbeed
single
A full thickness wound that is not sutured heals by-
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Secondary Healing Primary Healingo Primary wound healing or healing by first intention occurs within hours of repairing a full-thickness surgical incision. This surgical insult results in the mortality of a minimal number of cellular constituents.Delayed Primary Healingo If the wound edges are not rea...
2
Primary Healing
Secondary Healing
Delayed primary Healing
Reepithelization
Surgery
General Management of Wounds
b71f25a8-0f37-4d1b-8e57-fbcb153f74ee
single
Periodicity is a characteristic feature in which sinus infection:
Areas of High attenuation surrounded by a thin zone of low attenuation CT scan reveals pansinusitis and polyposis Pain of frontal sinusitis shows characteristic periodicity, i.e. comes upon waking, gradually increases and reaches its peak by midday and then stas subsiding. It is also called "office headache" as it is p...
2
Maxillary sinus infection
Frontal sinus infection
Sphenoid sinus infection
Ethmoid sinus infection
ENT
null
fd50e958-71b2-47f2-8e28-87964bb88bb1
single
Antipsychotic with less extra pyramidal side effects -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Quetiapine o Quetiapine, clozapine, aripiprazole have no (o) extrapyramidal symptoms. o Risperidone may or may not (o/+) have extrapyramidal effect.
3
Loxapine
Pimozide
Quetiapine
Resperidone
Pharmacology
null
9bfc722b-df7a-4f3a-b466-880bffbebb97
single
In case of onlay cast restoration, what does “ shoeing” refer to?
Capping It refers to the complete coverage of the cusp / cusps of a tooth with sufficient extension of the bevel onto the buccal and lingual surfaces of the tooth. Shoeing Refers to a veneer coverage of the cusp of a tooth with only slight finishing bevel on the crest of the cusp. The bevel is established either at ...
2
Complete coverage of cusps with slight finishing bevel on the crest of the cusp
Veneer coverage of cusp with slight finishing bevel on the crest of the cusp
Veneer coverage of cusp with extension of bevel onto facial surface
Complete coverage of cusps with extension of bevel onto facial surface
Dental
null
3dae741c-d2fc-4dbd-8813-e0010df5e118
single
Point angles in class II
null
2
4
6
5
3
Dental
null
c571153c-f67e-4a2c-9d71-9f13a46feb76
single
Hormone Replacement Therapy(H) in postmenopausal women is beneficial in all these Except
Hormone Replacement TherapyEstrogen is the most effective treatment available for relief of the menopausal symptoms that many women experience, including hot flashes, vaginal dryness, urinary symptoms, and emotional lability.Women&;s Health Initiative showed no cardiovascular benefit with unopposed estrogen and a small...
3
Vasomotor symptoms
Osteoporosis
Prevention of CAD
Vaginal atrophy
Pathology
All India exam
51358620-a7dc-4d09-a73f-7f8568e310ec
multi
AB trans retinoic acid is useful in the treatment of-
APL is unique among leukemias due to its sensitivity to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA; tretinoin), the acid form of vitamin A.Treatment with ATRA dissociates the NCOR-HDACL complex from RAR and allows DNA transcription and differentiation of the immature leukemic promyelocytes into mature granulocytes by targeting the ...
2
Myelodysplastic leukemia
Promyelocytic leukemia
Myelomonocytic leukemia
Chronic myelocytic leukemia
Medicine
Haematology
95ac4716-a4d6-4e7d-8cfc-293876566fdb
single
Which of the following cranial nerve is MOST likely to be damaged in a patient with uncal herniation?
In a patient with ipsilateral expanding intracranial supratentorial mass, there is displacement of the hippocampal gyrus and uncal herniation across the tentorial edge, resulting in entrapment of the third nerve. This can result in hutchinson's pupil. Hutchinson's pupil occur in comatose patients with unilaterally dila...
4
Facial
Trochlear
Abducens
Oculomotor
Ophthalmology
null
7c284ab8-cb2e-46ff-a6a2-cf00d1c3e3f1
single
CASPAR criteria is used in diagnosis of ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Psoriatic ahritis Classification criteria for psoriatic ahritis (CASPAR) is used for the diagnosis of psoriatic ahropathy. The CASPAR (classification Criteria for Psoriatic Ahritis) Criteria To meet the CASPAR criteria a patient must have inflammatory aicular disease (joint, spine, or entheseal) with ...
1
Psoriatic ahritis
Rheumatoid ahritis
Ankyosing spondylitis
Reactive synnovitis
Surgery
null
660edffc-e4bb-4668-9358-5ee52309235d
single
Smoking predisposes to carcinoma of a) Bladder b) Ovary c) Buccal mucosa d) Breast e) Stomach
null
1
ace
acd
abd
ac
Medicine
null
1127b843-ffa7-4c91-b8aa-523aadf7b846
single