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True about simple randomization is-
Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition *With this procedure,the sample is drawn in such a way that each unit has an equal chance of being drawn in the sample.
1
Every person has an equal chance of selection
Less number of samples are obtained
Also known as systemic randomization
Groups are not distributed
Social & Preventive Medicine
Biostatistics
e394ef15-5500-49e4-98f1-2b33a58966a8
multi
Consider the following in a newborn:1, Hea rate of 1102. Slow and Irregular respiratory effo3. Flaccid muscle tone4. No reflex irritability5. Blue colorWhat is the Apgar score in this case?
For blue color point 0, for hea rate more than 110 points 2, for flaccid muscle tone point 0, for Slow and irregular respiratory movements point 1. For APGAR score, Refer page no 535 of Textbook of obstetrics, Sheila Balakrishnan, 2 nd edition.
2
1
3
5
7
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Fetus
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Leukoplakia with the worst prognosis is seen on the:
null
2
Dorsum of tongue
Floor of mouth
Buccal mucosa
Palate
Pathology
null
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single
Endoplasmic reticulum is not involved in ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., DNA synthesis Endoplasmic reticulum are involved in :-Rough ER : Protein synthesis (hormones, enzymes etc.)Smooth ER: Triglyceride synthesis, steroid synthesis, cholesterol synthesis, Phospholipid synthesis, fatty acid chain elongation.
3
Protein synthesis
Steroid synthesis
DNA synthesis
Triglyceride synthesis
Biochemistry
null
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single
In a young patient presenting with recurrent vitreous hemorrhage, diagnosis is-
Ans. (a) Eale's diseaseRef: Pearson's 22/e, p. 344Eale's disease is characterized by recurrent bilateral vitreous hemorrhage in young adult (20 - 30 yrs) males.
1
Eale's disease
CRVO
Proliferative retinopathy
Coat's disease
Ophthalmology
Retina
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single
Genital elephantiasis is caused by -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Lymphogranuloma venerum Lymphogranuloma venerum (lymphogranuloma inguinale)o LGV is caused by chlamydia trachomatis , serotypes LI, L2, L3. Serotype L2 is the most common cause. The clinical course of LGV consist of following three stages: -1) First stage (Primary LGV) : - Self limited, Single, asympt...
4
Donovanosis
Congenital syphilis
Herpes genitalis
Lymphogranuloma venerum
Microbiology
Misc.
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A 2 year old child comes with ear discharge, seborrheic dermatitis, polyuria and hepatos- plenomegaiy. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Langerhan's cell histiocytosis o Langherhans cells histiocytosis is a histocvtic. disorder most commonly characterized bv a single or multiple osteolytic bone lesions demonstrating infiltration with histiocytes.o Histiocytic disorders are derived from mononuclear phagocytic cells (macrophages) and den...
3
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Langerhan's cell histiocytosis
Germ cell tumor
Medicine
Blood
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Pre-cancerous lesion of bone?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of above Pre-cancerous lesion of bone Multiple exostoses Ollier's disease Benign giant cell tumor Osteoblastoma Chondroblastoma Chronic osteomyelitis Paget's disease
4
Paget disease
Chronic osteomyelitis
Benign giant cell tumor
All of above
Pediatrics
null
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multi
All are true about P-value except
• ‘Type I error is usually fixed in advance’ by the choice of level of significance employed in the test • Type I error is more serious than Type II error • Power of a test: 1 – b – Is probability of rejecting a Null hypothesis when a predetermined clinically significant difference is indeed present – Power can be incr...
4
Is the probability of committing Type-I error
When P-value is less than a, the result is statistically significant
Is the chance that the presence of difference is concluded when actually there is none
Is equal to 1-b
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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Which of the following TRUE about rhinosporidiosis? NOT RELATED - ENT
Presents as a nasal polyp Rhinosporidiosis - It is fungal granuloma caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. The disease mostly affects nose and nasopharynx The disease is acquired through contaminated water of ponds and cow-pets Presents as a leafy, polypoidal mass, pink to purple in colour and attached to nasal septum or la...
3
The most common organism is Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis
Seen only in immunocompromised patients
Presents as a nasal polyp
Can be diagnosed by isolation of the organism
Pharmacology
All India exam
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You have treated the simple and undisplaced fracture of shaft of right tibia in a nine year girl with above knee plaster cast. Parents want to know the prognosis of union of the fractured limb which was affected by polimoyelitis four years age. What is the bet possible advice will you offer to the parents ?
"There is no significant delay in the rate of fracture healing in poliomyelitis".  — Skeletal injury in children
3
Fracture will unite slowly
Fracture will not unite
Fracture will unite normally
Fracture will unite on attaining puberty
Orthopaedics
null
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Following are listed as (SpA) spondyloahritis features except
The spondyloahritides is a group of overlapping disorders that share ceain clinical features and genetic associations. These disorders include ankylosing spondylitis (AS), reactive ahritis, psoriatic ahritis and spondylitis, enteropathic ahritis and spondylitis, juvenile onset spondyloahritis (SpA), and undifferentiate...
4
Dactylitis
Enthesitis
HLA b27
Cervical sprain
Orthopaedics
Spinal injuries
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False about Japanese encephalitis:
No Man to Man transmission.
3
Pigs are amplifier hosts
Culicine mosquitoes are vectors
Man to Man transmission
Case fatality rate is about 20-40%
Medicine
null
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multi
There is no interruption in the axons but disruption of the myelin sheath is called:
(Neuropraxia) (51-M) (230-Apley's 8th)NEUROPRAXIA - It is due to mechanical pressure causing segmental demyelination and is seen typically in "crutch palsy" pressure paralysis in states of drunkenness (Saturday night palsy) and the milder types of tourniquet palsy.* Reversible physiological nerve conduction block in wh...
1
Neuropraxia
Axonotmesis
Neurotmesis
Transient ischaemia
Orthopaedics
Peripheral Nerve Injuries
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All of the following statements are true about Hemolytic uramic syndrome except -
null
4
Uraemia
Hypofibhrinogenemia
Thrombocytopenia
Positive coomb's test
Medicine
null
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multi
The reciprocal inhibition of antagonist muscle upon lateral gaze is explained by
A i.e. Sherrington's law
1
Sherrington's law
Hering's law
Laplace law
Hick's law
Ophthalmology
null
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single
Thyroxine is synthesized from:
In dopaminergic cells in the brain, tyrosine is conveed to levodopa by the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).TH is the rate-limiting enzyme involved in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter dopamine.In the adrenal medulla, tyrosine is conveed into the catecholamine hormones norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrin...
3
Phenylalanine
Tryptophan
Tyrosine
None of the above
Biochemistry
null
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In Schwaz formula for calculation of creatinine clearance in a child, the constant depends on the following EXCEPT
Schwaz formula (for creatine clearance in child) is Creatinine clearance = K x height/creatinine K = constant that depends upon age, muscle mass, method of creatinine estimation.
4
Age
Method of estimation of creatinine
Mass
Severity of renal failure
Pediatrics
Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease
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30-year old male presents with flaccid bullae on an erythematous base and erosions over the oral mucous membrane. The blisters developed painful erosions rupture. What would be the most likely finding on an immunofluorescent examination of the sl biopsy of this patient?
Ans. c. Fish net IgG deposition in epidermis
3
Lincear IgA deposition in dermopeidermal junction
Linear IgG deposition in dermoepidermal junction
Fish net IgG deposition in epidermis
Granular deposits of IgA in dermal papillae
ENT
null
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A 38-year-old man presented with episodes of severe headache. CNS imaging shows evidence of coical sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT). His mother has history of spontaneous recurrent DVT of bilateral lower limbs. Which of the following testing is the least likely to be indicated in this patient?
The patient is likely to have a hypercoagulable state, which is responsible for thrombosis at unusual site (coical venous sinus). There is positive family history of thrombosis also, indicating the underlying risk factor to be inherited. Hypercoagulable States: Primary (Genetic) Factor V Leiden mutation Prothrombin G20...
1
Antiphospholipid antibodies
Factor V Leiden mutation
Plasma homocysteine level
Plasma antithrombin level
Pathology
Myocardial Infarction
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Which among the following is false about Non Bacterial Thrombotic Embolism(NBTE) :
Vegetation in SLE Vegetation in NBTE Small, sterile, firm Both surface of valve Lower surface> upper surface Libman sack endocarditis Marantic endocarditis Along the line of closure Non invasive Don't elicit inflammatory reaction Small, Sterile Friable: Embolism Seen in - Ca Pancreases- AML M3 Vegetation of IE Vegetati...
3
Marantic endocarditis
Thrombi on the leaflets of the cardiac valves
Vegetations elicit inflammatory reaction
Non invasive in nature
Pathology
Endocarditis
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With respect to anorexia nervosa following is true except -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Menorrhagia ANOREXIA NERVOSAo The term "anorexia nervosa " is a misnomer as loss of appetite is a rare symptom. This disorder is characterized by self imposed dietary restrictions leading to malnutrition and severe weight loss.Clinical featureso Females are far more commonly affected than males. Onset...
4
Phobic avoidance of normal weight
Overperception of body image
Self induced vomiting
Menorrhagia
Psychiatry
Personality Disorders
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All are true about primary CNS lymphoma except
Primary CNS lymphoma accounts for 2% of extra-nodal lymphomas and 1% of intra-cranial tumors. It is the most common CNS neoplasm in immunosuppressed individuals, including those with AIDS and immunosuppression after transplantation. Most primary brain lymphomas are of B-cell origin. In the setting of immunosuppression,...
2
Most primary brain lymphomas are of B-cell origin.
Anaplastic large cell lymphomas are the most common histologic group.
Hooping is characteristic of primary brain lymphoma.
Primary lymphomas of the CNS are aggressive
Unknown
null
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A young boy presented with lesion over his right buttock which had peripheral scaling and central scarring. The investigation of choice would be –
The boy is having lupus vulgaris because the lesions have central scarring. Central Scarring is a feature of lupus vulgaris. Diagnosis of lupus vulgaris is confirmed by Biopsy. Remember  Feature                                                                     Central clearing                                       ...
3
Tzank Smear
KOH preparation
Biopsy
Saboraud's agar
Dental
null
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A ventrolateral cordotomy is performed to produce relief of pain from the right leg. It is effective because it interrupts the:
Answer is B (Left Lateral Spinothalamic tract): `Neurosurgical Operations on the Spinal Cord' Pain sensations from the right leg are carried the contralateral Lateral Spinothalamic tract. Ventrolateral cordotomy (surgical procedure of ablating selected pain conducting tracts) of the Left Spinothalamic Tract should effe...
2
Left Dorsal Column
Left Lateral Spinothalamic tract
Right Lateral Spinothalamic tract
Right Coicospinal tract
Medicine
null
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Most common complication of central venous catheter
C i.e. Catheter related infection
3
Local bleeding
Thrombosis
Catheter related infection
Pneumotherax
Anaesthesia
null
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Di's collar is seen in the following condition:
After the bullet has perforated the skin, the elasticity of the skin causes the skin defect to contract. The skin is abraded (abrasion collar) around the hole due to rubbing of the gyrating body of the bullet against the inveed epidermis and heat of the bullet. A black coloured ring "grease or di collar" (bullet wipe s...
1
Firearm entry
Firearm exit wound
Both of the above
None of the above
Forensic Medicine
null
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Low serum haptoglobin in hemolysis is masked by-
Robbins basic pathology 8th edition, page no 424, Answer is option 1, bile duct obstruction Actually in hemolysis haptoglobin level decreases because some hemoglobin invariably escapes into the plasma. It is problably absent also. Haptoglobin is a circulating protein that binds and clears free hemoglobin. But the decre...
1
Bile duct obstruction
Liver disease
Malnutrition
Pregnacy
Pathology
Haematology
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Severe generalized edema is called as:
Severe generalized edema is called as Anasarca/dropsy.
2
Pitting edema.
Anasarca.
Myxoedema
Dependent edema
Pathology
null
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Uterine height is greater than gestational age of the patient in a case of all except -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., IUGR o Uterine height greater than gestational age in case of:a) Wrong datesb) Polyhydramniosc) Pregnancy with fibroid uterusd) Multiple pregnancy
2
Fibroid uterus
IUGR
Wrong dates
Polyhydramnios
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Malformation of the Female Generative Organs
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Which is non lymphatic filarisis
null
1
Loa loa
Wucheria bancrofti
Brugia malai
Brugia timori
Microbiology
null
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Which of the following health committee recommended a medical and health education commission for reform in health and medical education on the times of University Grants Commission?
null
1
Shrivastav Committee
Mukerji Committee
Chadah Committee
Kartar Singh Committee
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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Ability of an organism to induce clinically apparent illness is known as:
Infectivity: It is the ability of an infectious agent to invade and multiply in a host. Pathogenicity: It is the ability of an organism to induce clinically apparent illness. Virulence: It is the propoion of clinical cases resulting in severe clinical disease. Ref: Park, 21st Edition, Page 34.
2
Infectivity
Pathogenicity
Virulence
Viability
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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True statement regarding ileum is -
Lymphatic patches (peyer's patches) are placed lengthwise along the antimesenteric border of the intestine. Vili in ileum is finger-like. The ileum is a midgut derivative and is therefore supplied by the superior mesenteric artery. Ileum joins the caecum on posterior-medial aspect of coecum.
2
Tongue shaped villi in the lumen
Lymphatic patch along antimesenteric border
Supplied by inferior mesenteric vessels
Joins caecum at anterior surface
Anatomy
null
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Pericardial space is present between -
Ans. is 'd' i.e.. Parietal and visceral pericardium o Pericardial space (pericardial cavity) lies between parietal serous pericardium and visceral serous pericardium.
4
Endocardium and pericardium
Epicardium and pericardium
Endocardium and epicardium
Parietal and visceral pericardium
Anatomy
Pericardium & Heart
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The Principal site of absorption of Sodium is :
A i.e. Proximal convoluted tubuleNormally about 60% of the filtered Na+ is reabsorbed in the proximal tubuleQ.Sodium ReabsorptionPercentageSite60%Proximal tubuleQ (by N a+ - H+ exchange)30%Thick ascending limb (by Na+ - 2C1+ - K+ cotranspo)7%Distal convoluted tubule (by Na+ - Cl- cotranspo)3%Collecting duct. ( ENaC cha...
1
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle (thick poion)
Collecting duct
Physiology
null
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Which of the following is not a pa of management in grade III dog bite infected with rabies?
1. Wound should never be stitched immediately to prevent additional trauma that may help in spread of the virus in the deeper tissue. 2. "If suturing is necessary, then it has to be done after 24-48 hrs later, applying minimum stitches under the coverage of anti rabies serum locally"- Park. 3. Cleansing - wound should ...
2
Vaccination
Stitch the wound with antibiotic coverage
Wash with soap and water.
Administration of anti-rabies serum and vaccination.
Microbiology
Virology Pa-2 (RNA Virus Pa-1,2 & Miscellaneous Viruses)
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Virus responsible for non immune hydrops foetalis is?
Parvovirus is the commonest infectious etiology for hydrops foetalis. The other viruses implicated include Cytomegalovirus, Hepatitis B virus, Herpes simplex virus, Rubella virus and Adenovirus. Ref : Dutta book of obstetrics 8th Ed
4
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes simplex virus
Hepatitis B virus
Parvovirus
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
All India exam
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Abdominal pain, fat malabsorption and frothy stools suggests of
Giardia lamblia is an intestinal flagellate , infection acquired by ingestion of contaminated water and food and also by ano- oral sexual practice The parasite attaches itself to the epithelial surface of duodenum and jejunum causes a disturbance of intestinal function , leading to malabsorption of fat .patient complai...
3
Amoebiasis
Bacillary dysentry
Giardiasis
Pancreatic enzyme deficiency
Microbiology
parasitology
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Most common cause of placenta pre:
A history of prior cesarean section and uterine curettage are significantly associated in patients with placenta pre. Placenta pre is most commonly found in Multiparous but most common cause is Previous cesarean section.
4
Myomectomy
Primigravida
Multigravida
Previous cesarean section
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Antepaum Haemorrhage
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Pulp therapy which sweet name associated with
null
1
Formocresol pulpotomy
Beech wood cresol pulpotomy
Non vital pulpotomy
Pulpectomy
Dental
null
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36 year G2 P1 comes for antenatal visit at 10 weeks gestation. Her first child was female with ambiguous genitalia at birth, died at 6 months of age due to metabolic problem. Since this is her precious pregnancy, How would you counsel regarding risk of having child with ambiguous genitalia
This case scenario is suggestive of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This is autosomal recessive disorder.  So, if any couple has had one affected child, subsequent baby has 1 in 4 chance of having similar disability.
3
No risk of having affected child in subsequent pregnancies
Double the risk of having affected child
Baby will have one in four chance of having same disability
This pregnancy is unaffected, but future pregnancies carry high risk
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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Which of the following is an example of a directly acting toxin?
Directly acting toxins: Some toxins act directly by combining with a critical molecular component or cellular organelle. For example, in mercuric chloride poisoning, mercury binds to the sulfhydryl groups of various cell membrane proteins, causing inhibition of ATP-dependent transport and increased membrane permeabilit...
2
Acetaminophen
Mercuric chloride
Carbon tetrachloride
Bromobenzene
Pathology
null
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Hymen tear in virgin is most commonly located at -
Ref: Textbook of Forensic medicine and toxicology (V.V.Pillay) 17th edition, page no.355 As a result of sexualintercourse, hymen is usually torn posteriorly, with unilateral or bilateral tears extending to the point of its attachment to the vaginal wall. These ruptures bleed freely when, heal by scar formation.
1
4-8 O'clock
5-11 O'clock
9-12 O'clock
1-6 O'clock
Forensic Medicine
Sexual offences and infanticide
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Which does not handle free radicals inside lens –
Enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms :- Reduced glutathione (most important), glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase. Non-enzymatic defence mechanisms :- Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and possibly carotenoids. Some textbooks have also mentioned vitamin A as an anti-oxidant in lens. But, the best answer here is vita...
1
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin E
Catalase
Ophthalmology
null
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Which of the following investigation is BEST used for placental localization?
The most accurate method for localisation of placenta is ultrasonogram. Its advantages are: It carries no risk to mother and fetus. It is the only method by which edge of the placenta can be seen, which helps in deciding the mode of delivery. Placental tissue shows up an area of fine speckling. Its fetal surface appear...
2
X-ray
Ultrasonography
Amniography
Clinically
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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Largest diameter of pelvic cavity: March 2013
Ans. D i.e. All are same Maternal pelvis MC type: Gynaecoid Platypelloid/ flat pelvis: Transverse diameter is more than AP diameter Least common type of pelvis: Platypelloid Deep transverse arrest/ persistent occipito posterior position is common in: Android pelvis AP diameter more than transverse diameter: Anthropoid ...
4
Anteroposterior
Oblique
Transverse
All are same
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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Deep brain stimulation used in treatment of?
Ans. B.)Parkinsonism Deep brain stimulation It is a neurosurgical procedure involving the implantation of a medical device called a neurostimulator (sometimes referred to as a 'brain pacemaker'), which sends electrical impulses, through implanted electrodes, to specific targets in the brain (brain nuclei) for the treat...
2
Depression
Parkinsonism
Dementia
Delirium
Psychiatry
null
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single
The persistent suppression of bacterial growth that may occur after limited exposure to some antimicrobial drug is called?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Post antibiotic effect
3
Time dependent killing
Concentration dependent killing
Post antibiotic effect
Sequential blockade
Pharmacology
null
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Normally, the rate of the heart beat in a human is determined by:
null
3
The bundle of His
All cardiac muscle
The sinoatrial node
The cervical ganglion
Physiology
null
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Most commonly varicose veins are seen with :
Ans. is 'a' ie. long saphenous vein (Schwart, 7/e, p 1021) (not mentioned in 8/e)" The usual distribution of veins is below the knee in branches of the greater saphenous system*
1
Long saphenous vein
Short saphenous vein
Both
popliteal and femoral vein
Surgery
Varicose Veins
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Which is not produced enteroendocrinally
Enteroendocrinal cells are the hormone secreting cells present in the glands or mucosa of the GIT particularly stomach & intestine. The enteroendocrinal cells present in gastric glands are G cells- secrete gastrin Enterochromaffin (EC) cells- secrete serotonin Enterochromaffin like (ECL) cells- secrete histamine
1
Intrinsic factor
Secretin
Motilin
GIP
Physiology
null
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Charles Phillips procedure?
Ans. C. Recurrent small bowel obstruction. (Ref LB 25th pg. 1198)Rx of acute intestinal obstruction# GI drainage# Fluid and electrolyte replacement# Relief of obstruction# Surgical Rx is necessary for most cases of intestinal obstruction but should be delayed until resuscitation is complete, provided there is no sign o...
3
Small bowel atresia
Meconium ileus
Recurrent small bowel obstruction
Sigmoid volvulus
Surgery
Small & Large Intestine
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Tranylcyprominle (MAO Inhibitor) should be avoided with ............... as it causes dangerous drug interaction:
MAO inhibitor with tricyclcic anti depressants (amitriptyline), reserpine , guanethidine can cause excitement , rise in BP and body temperature. This is due to their initial NA releasing it uptake blocking action. MAO inhibitor also interacts with cold and cough remedies that contain sympathetomimetic , levodopa , barb...
2
Morphine
Amitriptyline
Alprazolam
Alprazolam
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
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NADH CoQ reductase is inhibited by
Inhibitors of electron transpo chainComplex I Complex II Complex III Complex IV AmobarbitalRotenonePericidin AGuanethidine Chlorpromazine Malonate Carboxin Antimycin A, BAL Naphthoquinone PhenforminCarbon monoxide CyanideHydrogen sulphide Azide Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylationuBlocking reentry of protons through...
1
Rotenone
CO
Antimycin
Atractyloside
Biochemistry
Respiratory chain
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multi
Hypervitaminosis of which of the following will cause bony abnormalities?
HYPERVITAMINOSIS A: Chronic hypervitaminosis A results from excessive ingestion of preformed vitamin A (retinol or retinyl ester), generally for several weeks or months. Toxicity can be induced in adults and children with chronic daily intakes of 15,000 mg and 6,000 mg, respectively. Signs of subacute or chronic toxici...
1
Vit A
Vit D
Vit C
Vit E
Pediatrics
Nutrition
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single
Regarding Gherlin which is false
Ghrelin is secreted primarily by the stomach and appears to play an impoant role in the central control of food intake. It also stimulates growth hormone secretion by acting directly on receptors in the pituitary.Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology, 23rd edition Page no: 448
2
Secreted from oxyntic cells
Increases fat deposition
Stimulates appetite
Secretion increased in anorexia
Physiology
Nervous system
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multi
Apremilast is
Ustekinumab, a monoclonal antibody to the shared IL-23/IL-12p40 subunit, is an efficacious treatment for psoriasis and has shown promise in Psoriatic ahritis in clinical trials. Other newer drugs that have shown efficacy for both psoriasis and PsA include the anti-IL-17 pathway agents, such as secukinumab and brodaluma...
2
PDE 3 inhibitor
PDE 4 inhibitor
PDE 5 inhibitor
PDE 6 inhibitor
Pharmacology
Immunomodulators
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single
who gave the concept of generativity versus stagnation
ERIC ERIKSON ERIC ERIKSON gave the psychosocail stages of development There are 8 psychosocial stages A person has to succesfully pass one stage to move to the next stage If he gets arrested in one stage he may develop some disorders Ref. kaplon and sadock, synopsis of psychiatry, 11 th edition, pf no. 485
2
freud
erikson
lorenz
bleuler
Anatomy
Treatment in psychiatry
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single
A cranial nerves carrying the pain sensations from tip of tongue is:
V3
3
VI
V2
V3
VII
Anatomy
null
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single
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is used in all except: (REPEAT)
Neoadjuvant therapy, an adjunctive therapy given before a definitive treatment, is an essential component of modern multidisciplinary cancer therapy. Although neoadjuvant or induction therapy does not contribute the most to the treatment outcome, it may improve the result substantially. For example, neoadjuvant therapy...
3
Esophageal carcinoma
Breast carcinoma
Thyroid carcinoma
Non-small cell carcinoma of lung
Pharmacology
Chemotherapy
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multi
In hepatocellular carcinoma, risk factor most impoant is -
Answer is 'c' i.e. Cirrhosis Cirrhosis is the most impoant risk factor for HCC. "75-85% of HCC occur in patients with macronodular cirrhosis" - Harrison
3
Alcoholic hepatitis
Schistosomiasis
Cirrhosis
Fasciolepsis bush infestation
Surgery
null
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single
Safe injection strategy will reduce the occurance of:
Ans: a (Hepatitis B) Ref: Park, 19 ed, p. 179Not much to explain. All the others--hepatitis E, typhoid, hepatitits A, are water-borne diseases.
1
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis A
Typhoid
Hepatitis E
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable Diseases
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single
All are live vaccines except -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Salk Salk vaccine is killed polio vaccine. 17 D is yellow fever live vaccine.
3
17 - D
Rubella
Salk
Measles
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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multi
In Neonatal cholestasis direct bilirubin is -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., >20% Neonatal cholestasiso Prolonge elevation of serum level of conjugated bilirubin beyond the 1st 14 days of life,o Causes may be:InfectiousGeneticMetabolicMechanical obstruction (Biliary)IdiopathicPathological Jaundice (Ghai TYep. 147)STB (Serum Total bilirubin) > 5 mg;dl DI10mg''dID212-13 thereaft...
3
>10%
>15%
>20%
>25%
Pediatrics
Digestive System Disorders
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single
You are examining a patient and finds that the joints have hypermobility and hyperextensibility. Which of the following is NOT associated with joint hyperextensibility?
Some conditions associated with hyperextensibility of joints are: Marfans syndrome Ehler's - Danlos syndrome Stickler syndrome Homocystinuria Primary hyperparathyroidism Note: Hyper extensibility of fingers and hands may be seen in Cailage hair hypoplasia, Cutis laya and fragile X syndrome. Hurler's syndrome is associa...
4
Stickler Syndrome
Hyperlysinemia
Fragile X syndrome
Hurler's syndrome
Pediatrics
null
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single
A teenager girl with moderate acne is also complaining of irregular menses. Drug of choice with be-
In Acne with associated endocrinological abnormalities like polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) manifests with obesity, hirsutism, androgenetic alopecia and acne. Oestrogens and antiandrogens(cyproterone acetate, spirono lactone, flutamide) and agents designed to inhibit the endogenous production of androgens by the ova...
4
Oral jsotretinon
Oral acitretin
Oral minocycline
Cyproterone acetate
Dental
Anatomy of skin
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single
The most cost-effective family planning method is-
Vasectomy and IUD are one of the most cost-effective methods of contraception. Most impoant demographic feility indicator is -NRR. To achieve NRR-1, CPR should be >60%, ideal contraception is sterilization .
1
Vasectomy
Barrier method
DMPA
Oral pills
Social & Preventive Medicine
Census, SRS, NFHS, DLHS, VRS
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single
True about t 1/2 ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Time required to reduce the plasma conc. to half Half life PA It is the time required to reduce the plasma concentration to half (50%) of the original value. It determines the dosing interval and time required to reach the steady state. It is a secondary pharmakokinetic parameter derived from two prim...
1
Time required to reduce the plasma conc. to half
Zero order kinetics - t 1/2 remains constant
First order kinetics - t 1/2 increases
Complete drug elimination occurs in 2-3 t 1/2
Pharmacology
null
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multi
In Dacryocystorhinostomy, opening is done into:
Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery is a procedure that aims to eliminate fluid and mucus retention within the lacrimal sac, and to increase tear drainage for relief of epiphora (water running down the face). Classic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) requires an external incision and drilling through the lacrimal bone into t...
2
Superior meatus
Middle meatus
Inferior meatus
None of the above
ENT
null
299f0074-2884-41f5-9b1a-c11013bd8e9b
multi
A woman is said to be having menorrhagia if the menstrual blood loss is more than :
80 ml
4
20 ml
40 ml
60 ml
80 ml
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
38998651-0013-4f9b-8e70-a203b625fc2b
single
Ketamine is useful as an anesthetic agent in
Ketamine is a potent bronchodilator and relieves bronchospasm -Intravenous anaesthetic agent of choice in asthmatic Ketamine increases ICT, IOP and cardiac oxygen demand, therefore contraindicated in other three conditionsNote-Inhalation anaesthetic agent of choice in asthmatics is halothane.(Refer: Morgan and Mikhail'...
3
Ischemic hea disease
Intracranial hemorrhage
Hyperactive airways
Glaucoma
Anaesthesia
All India exam
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single
Muscae volitantes are seen in -
Muscae volitantes: These are physiological opacities and represent the residues of primitive hyaloid vasculature. Patient perceives them as fine dots and filaments, which often drift in and out of the visual field, against a bright background (e.g., clear blue sky). Ref:comprehensive ophthalmology AK Khurana page no 24...
3
Vitreous detachment
Vitreous hemorrhage
Remains of primitive hyaloid vasculature
Eale's disease
Ophthalmology
Vitreous and retina
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single
The bacterium that is most commonly used in genetic engineering is
GENETIC ENGINEERINGEngineering is the application of science to social needs. Recombinant plasmids may be introduced into a bacterial host, frequently E coli, by forced transformation. Alternatively, electroporation is a procedure that introduces DNA into bacteria using an electrical gradient.Ref: Jawetz, Melnick, & Ad...
1
Escherichia
Klebsiella
Proteus
Serratia
Microbiology
general microbiology
edcfb9f1-3948-47b5-92a6-885629bd432a
single
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding drugs in the treatment of Parkinsonism?
Levodopa is very effective in the treatment of Parkinsonism. It initially resolves hypokinesia and rigidity but later on tremors are also reduced. It is more effective than Amantadine. Amantadine is an antiviral drug that can be used in Parkinsonism. Central anticholinergic drugs are the agents of choice for the treatm...
3
Amantadine causes ankle edema
Levodopa is effective in reducing tremors
Amantadine is more effective than levodopa
Anti-muscarinic agents are effective in drug induced Parkinsonism
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
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multi
Which of the following periodontal disease is associated with haematological disorder?
null
1
AIDS
Hypophosphatemia
Wegeners Granulomatosis
Histiocytoses - X
Dental
null
5df5cc5a-9fd6-4eaa-9702-d5415ce65a51
single
Which of the following is not seen in congenital syphilis:-
Congenital syphilis if develops: <2yrs - Early >2 yrs - Late Asymptomatic Hutchinson's Triad (Deafness + Interstitial keratitis + Hutchinson's teeth) Nasal stuffiness (rhinitis) k/a snuffles' as nasal stuffiness is known as snuffles in early congenital syphilis Periostitis U/L enlargement of sternoclavicular poion of t...
3
Higoumenaki sign
Hutchinson teeth
Genital ulcers
Periostitis
Dental
Sexually Transmitted Infections
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single
An 8 year old child with acute lymphadenopathy, fever, 20% lymphocytosis indicates the diagnosis of ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Infectious mononucleiosis Here the question seems incomplete. Most probably they have asked about atypical lymphocytosis. Infectious mononucleiosis is characterized by classic triad of : Fever, Sore throat, Posterior cervical lymphadenopathy. This classic triad is seen in > 80% of the patients. The W....
1
Infectious mononucleosis
ALL
Pulmonary Koch's
alpha-hemolytic Streptococcal
Pediatrics
null
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multi
Austin Flint Murmur is commonly mistaken for the murmur of: March 2007
Ans. D: Mitral stenosis
4
Mitral regurgitation
Pulmonary regurgitation
Tricuspid stenosis
Mitral stenosis
Medicine
null
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single
22 year old male presents with bony mass in the metaphyseal region of right knee with typical sun ray appearance and CT Scan of the chest reveals osteoblastic metastases. What is the most probable diagnosis?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Osteosarcoma* 22 year old male with bony mass in the metaphyseal region of right knee with typical sun ray appearance and CT Scan of the chest with osteoblastic metastases is most likely to be suffering from osteosarcoma.
1
Osteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma
Ewings sarcoma
Osteochondroma
Orthopaedics
Bone Tumour
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single
All of the following are included in grievous injury/ hu except:
D i.e. Abrasion of the face
4
Loss of testis
Loss of eye
Loss of kidney
Abrasion of the face
Forensic Medicine
null
92510260-6ebf-4b68-a94d-0bc17d5e2fb4
multi
True about dysplastic nevus syndrome all except
It is autosomal dominant disorder.
1
Autosomal recessive
Half of such patients develop melanoma by age 60 years
Associated with mutations in BRAF and NRAS
Disorder with numerous dysplastic nevi
Pathology
null
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multi
Which of the following nerve is first affected in berry aneurysm:
Ans.(a) 3rd nerveRef: Harrison 19th ed. /1784-85* Most common cranial nerve affected in unruptured berry aneurysm is the 3rd cranial nerve which will present as ipsilateral ptosis, diplopia and strabismus.
1
3 rd nerve
4th nerve
5th nerve
6th nerve
Medicine
Cranial Nerve Disorders
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single
Mechanism of action of an oral contraceptive containing a combination of oestrogen-progestin is the following except-
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Inhibition of motility of the uterine tubes Mechanism of action of OCPs 1. Inihibition of gonadotropin release from pitutary by reinforcement of normal feedback inhibition No prevulatory LH surge No ovulation This is the most impoant mechanism. Thickning of cervical mucus secretion (due to progesteron...
3
Inhibition of ovulation
A change in the cervical mucus
Inhibition of motility of the uterine tubes
All
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
1e2b98dc-ab7e-499b-888a-db0cc5c6f387
multi
PESA / MESA is helpful in :
Post testicular azoospermia
3
Pre testicular azoospermia
Testicular azoospermia
Post testicular azoospermia
Asthenospermia
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
947d2f37-e91e-44a8-b8bc-32a24290b317
single
A 25 year old male presents with recurrent lip edema to the OPD. On performing lab investigations, it revealed |C4, |C1-INH levels, |C1-INH function, normal C1q levels. What is the most probable diagnosis?
Hereditary angioedema(HAE) Disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of severe swelling (angioedema). 3 main types of HAE. Type I and II are caused by a mutation in the SERPING1 gene that makes the C1 inhibitor protein while type III is often due to a mutation of the factor KhII gene. This results in increased amoun...
1
Hereditary angioedema Type 1
Hereditary angioedema Type 2
Acquired angioedema Type 1
Acquired angioedema Type 2
Dental
Eczema and related disorders
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single
True regarding vessels of the umbilical cord:
Umbilical cord: The umbilical cord consist of two aeries and one vein. The aeries carries deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta and the vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.Umbilical Cord: Initially, there are four vessels two aeries and two veins.Of the two umbilical veins, the righ...
3
One aery and one vein
Two aeries and two vein
Two aeries and the left vein
Two vein and the left aery
Anatomy
null
fd3875bc-fd09-4c51-a943-44f86d57fe47
multi
All are predictors of 5 day treatment failure in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding Except?
The variables most consistently found to predict 5-day treatment failure are HVPG > 20 mm Hg Child-Pugh class C Active bleeding at endoscopy Ref:Journal of Hepatology 2010
4
HVPG > 20 mm Hg
Child C status
Active bleeding at endoscopy
Prolonged prothrombin time
Medicine
null
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multi
A subcentre in a hilly area caters to a population of -
The subcentre is the peripheral outpost of the existing health delivery system in rural areas .They are being established on the basis of one subcenter for every 5000 population in general and one for every 3000 population in hilly,tribal and backward areas (refer pgno:903 park 23rd edition)
3
1000
2000
3000
5000
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health care of community & international health
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single
A five-day-old, full term male infant was severely cyanotic at bih. His chest X ray showed 'Egg-on -side' appearance. Prostaglandin E1 was administered initially and later balloon atrial septosomy was done which showed improvement in oxygenation. The most likely diagnosis of this infant is:
- Given features suggests towards diagnosis of TGA Transposition of the great vessels with an intact ventricular septum presents with early cyanosis, normal-sized hea, normal or slightly increased pulmonary vascular markings, and an ECG showing right-axis detion and right ventricular hyperophy - Balloon atrial septosto...
2
Tetralogy Fallot
Transposition of great vessels
Truncus aeriosus
Tricuspid atresia
Pediatrics
Other hea diseases in children
57a78816-abea-4070-b25e-b311610691ee
multi
All increase the chances of Deep Vein Thrombosis except-
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Superficial thrombophlebitis Superficial thrombophlebitis is localized to the superficial veins. It does not result in deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. o Oral contraceptive pills : Contributes by increasing blood hypercoagulability o Hypeension : Contributes by endothelial injury which re...
3
Oral contraceptive pills
Hypeension
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Myocardial Infection
Pathology
null
d7b6a62a-0f12-48d3-b8be-34809569b41d
multi
Pott puffy tumour occurs as complication of which sinusitis:
If infection in the frontal sinus spreads to the marrow of the frontal bone, localized osteomyelitis with bone destruction can result in a doughy swelling of the forehead classically described as Pott puffy tumour.
1
Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
None of the above
ENT
null
846fda18-d1ef-4cef-b5b6-5fd3e1f1829b
multi
Out of 11 births in a hospital, 5 babies weighed over 2.5 kg and 5 weighed less than 2.5 kg. What value dose 2.5 represent -
Median Is an average, to obtain this, the data is first arranged in an ascending or descending order of magnitude and then the value of the middle observation is located which is called median. In the question, 5 value are below 2.5 and 5 value are above 2.5, so if we arrange the data in increasing or decreasing order...
3
Geometric average
Arithmetic average
Median average
Mode
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
e560671f-25f3-43ab-8466-afdcad5b0248
single
Inhibitor of FOF1 ATPase in Electron transpo chain ?
Oligomycin Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation These compounds directly inhibit phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.Oligomycin inhibits Fa component of FoFi ATPase.Atractiloside inhibits translocase, a transpo protein that transpos ADP into mitochondria for phosphorylation into ATP.
2
Antimycin
Oligomycin
2, 4 dinitrophenol
Barbiturate
Biochemistry
null
dd1eaf4d-0738-4a69-b752-4acc525fdbbd
single
The type of injury is:
Ans. (D). Pressure abrasionThe picture shows ligature mark, which is an example of pressure abrasion.It cannot be patterned abrasion, as the pattern of the ligature is not reflected in this mark.Types of abrasion:Tangential rubbing forcePerpendicular compression forceScratch & GrazePressure & patterned abrasion
4
Scratch abrasion
Patterned abrasion
Graze abrasion
Pressure abrasion
Forensic Medicine
Sexual Offenses
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single
Shoest pa of the colon is
The large intestine begins in the right iliac region of the pelvis, just at or below the waist, where it is joined to the end of the small intestine at the cecum, the ileocaecal valve. It then continues as the colon ascending the abdomen, across the width of the abdominal cavity as the transverse colon, and then descen...
1
Ascending colon
Descending colon
Transverse colon
Sigmoid colon
Anatomy
Abdomen and pelvis
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single
Which of the following is used in forgeries as ink remover solution -
null
4
Sulphuric acid
Nitric acid
Carbolic acid
Oxalic acid
Forensic Medicine
null
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single
Causes of a transudate ascites include all the following except:
null
1
Tuberculosis
Nephrotic syndrome
Hypoproteinemia
Congestive cardiac failure
Medicine
null
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multi
Reinke edema is associated with:
Reinke Edema has the following features. Strong association with cigarette smoking and heavy voice use. Diffuse edematous changes of the vocal cords. Usually bilateral.
2
Alcoholism
Smoking
Malnutrition
None of the above
ENT
null
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multi
Radicontrast reactions are mostly:
Ans. Anaphylactoid reactions
1
Anaphylactoid reactions
IgE-Mediated reactions
Delayed hypersensitivity reactions
Immune complex mediated reactions
Radiology
null
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single