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At low levels of light, the colour perception of the eyes is lost. As the brightness becomes more intense, colour appears to change. This phenomenon is known as
null
4
Metamerism
Fluorescence
Reflection Effect
Bezold-Brucke effect
Dental
null
fc7dfcd7-e74b-4b44-9b8c-b65558873317
single
False about Boerhaave syndrome:
Ans. (c) Pain is a late manifestRef: Bailey and Love 27th edition, Page 1073Boerhaave syndrome is characterized by Madder's Triad:* Vomiting* Chest pain* Subcutaneous emphysema
3
Perforation due to Barotrauma
Most common site is left posteromedial aspect at lower esophagus
Pain is a late manifest
Most cases follow bout of heavy eating and drinking
Surgery
Oesophagus
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multi
All of the following are true about caudate lobe except:-
Caudate lobe Caudate lobe, lies between left poal vein & IVC and extends to hepatic venous confluence. Caudate lobe is unique It receives blood supply from both right & left poal pedicles Bile drain into both right & left hepatic duct Venous drainage is directly into IVC
3
Blood supply from both right and left hepatic aery
Ductal drainage from both right and left duct
Venous drainage is mainly by left and middle hepatic vein
Supply by both branches of poal vein
Surgery
Liver
b200f272-b503-41e1-bc1e-a7cbe95aa9c0
multi
Acute graft rejection occurs within
Answer- C. 3 monthsAcute rejection - It occurs 5 days to 3 months after transplantation.Both cell-mediated (cellular) rejection and humoral (antibody mediated) rejection are involved.
3
3 hours
3 days
3 months
3 years
Pathology
null
846c6672-06c4-43b9-a9fd-90d8e3861690
single
A patient was treated with haloperidol, later he develops symptoms of Parkinsonism. What is the best treatment:
- Extrapyramidal disturbances are the major dose-limiting side effects with high potency antipsychotics like fluphenazine, haloperidol, pimozide, etc. - The extrapyramidal effects may be categorized into: Parkinsonism Acute muscular dystonias Akathisia Malignant neuroleptic syndrome Tardive dyskinesia - Parkinsonism us...
3
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Beta receptor antagonist
M1 muscarinic antagonist
Alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist
Pharmacology
ANS
b29ec848-16c6-41e8-91b9-3e172ad6ced0
single
Increased prolactin is associated with aEUR'
Increased estradial Prolactin is a polypeptide produced by the lactotrophs of the pituitary. It is responsible .for the initiation and maintenance of lactation. As with several pituitary hormones, prolactin is secreted in a circadian, fashion with the highest levels being attained during sleep and a nadir occurring bet...
4
Increased FSH
Increased libido
Increased testosterone
Increased estradiol
Pharmacology
null
56e19551-b4cf-4244-b1d9-dbb1effd8925
single
A 70-year-old woman had an ECG at her annual checkup. Using her lead II recording below calculate her hea rate
The hea rate can be calculated by 60 divided by the R-R interval, which is 0.86 second. This results in a hea rate of 70 beats/min. (1500/No of small squares between R-R interval - but R-R interval should be regular)
1
70
92
84
104
Physiology
ECG
544474e2-b2b4-4c70-af90-10abff47f2f2
single
Drug of choice for genital was is
<p> WAS:- Caused by human papilloma virus. Anogenital was caused by HPV 6,11,16,18,31,33. Out Of these 6 is mostly involved. These virus invade squamous epithelium and trigger cell proliferation. Viruses mainly being transmitted by fomites ,scratching, and auto inoculation. Pink to brown way papules in perianal/genital...
2
Acyclovir
Podophyllin
Minocycline
Interferon alpha
Dental
Sexually transmitted diseases
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Test tube retepegs are seen in the microscopic section of
null
3
ANUG
Inflammatory gingival hyperplasia
Gingival enlargement due to dilantin sodium
Plasma cell gingivitis
Dental
null
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single
Pink disease is seen due to
Pink disease (infantile acrodynia) was especially prevalent in the first half of the 20th century. Primarily attributed to exposure to mercury (Hg) commonly found in teething powders.
2
Internal resorption
Mercury poisoning
Arsenic poisoning
Trauma
Pathology
null
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single
Cyclodevelopmental life cycle is seen in
.cyclodevelopmental form of life cycle is the one in which the disease agent undergoes only development but no multiplication.examples include mainly the life of microfilaria in mosquito. ref:park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,edition 22,pg no 94
4
Malaria
Plague
Yellow Fever
Filaria
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
38980906-a702-4421-b88a-ff480ad9cae0
single
An elderly woman presented with abdominal pain and vomiting for three days. A computed tomogram of the abdomen was obtained. What is the diagnosis?
Answer D. Obturator herniaAn obturator hernia was diagnosed.
4
Cecal volvulus
Intussusception
Mesenteric ischemia
Obturator hernia
Medicine
G.I.T.
6ae60819-a810-4574-947c-ab3736dd8de1
single
Telenzepine acts on which receptors?
Pirenzepine and telenzepine are selective m1 blockers used in peptic ulcer by inhibiting acid secretion are synthetic atropine substitutes Ref: KDT 6th ed pg 113
2
M2
M1
M3
Nm
Pharmacology
Autonomic nervous system
771986b7-abe6-4664-8a69-192100a75c29
single
Amenorrhoea due to high LH and FSH is due to
Ovarian dysfunction:Group I- Hypothalamic -pituitary failure, e.g anorexia nervosa, Kallman&;s syndrome, Sheehan&;s syndromeGroup II- Ovarian failure, e.g. Turner syndrome pure gonadal dysgenesis, Swyer syndrome, autoimmune disorders infection, radiotherapy or chemotherapy.Group III- Congenital or acquired genital trac...
3
Asherman's syndrome
Pituitary adenoma
Ovarian failure
All
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Disorders of menstruation
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multi
Most common fungus causing otomycosis is
Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear canal most commonly caused by Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus. (Ref: Textbook of diseases of ENT, PL Dhingra, 7th edition, of no. 55)
2
Histoplasma
Candida
Mucor
Penicillin
ENT
Ear
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single
Oral hairy leukoplakia is associated with?
ANSWER: (C) EBVREF: Jawetzs microbiology 24th edition chapter 33 Herpesviruses & Table 48-8Oral Hairy LeukoplakiaThis lesion is a wart-like growth that develops on the tongue in some HIV-infected persons and transplant patients. It is an epithelial focus of EBV replication.
3
Cytomegalovirus
Human immunodeficiency virus
EBV
HPV
Microbiology
Virology
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single
Migratory necrolytic erythema is seen in
Glucagonoma syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic phenomenon. Necrolytic migratory erythema is often one of the first presenting symptoms. We repo a case of a 55-year-old man with a 2-year history of recalcitrant eruption. Abdominal computer tomography was performed, which revealed a tumor in the tail of the pancreas Ref H...
1
Glucagonoma syndrome
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Sarcoidosis
Amyloidosis
Medicine
Oncology
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single
Nerve entrapped in pyriformis syndrome is
Entrapment of Sciatic nerve by inflamed pyriformis muscle is called as pyriformis syndrome.
4
Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Pudendal nerve
Sciatic nerve
Anatomy
null
b637cd13-9746-4e76-8e62-94ec70664892
single
Case - control study is a type of -
. case control studies are generally called "retrospective studies"are used to test casual hypothesis.they are basically comparison studies.cases and controls must be compared with respect to known "confounding factors"other kind of analytical studies include coho study. ref;park&;s textbook of preventive and social me...
2
Descriptive epidemiological study
Analytical study
Longitudinal study
Experimental epidemiological study
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
a594969e-7b18-40ec-aaec-b5d51da1a73b
single
Hyaline in islets of Langerhans resemble ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Amyloid
2
Mucin
Amyloid
Glycolipid
Phospholipid
Pathology
null
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single
All of the following Vibrio sp. are halophilic,except -
Examples of Halophilic Vibrio –V. alginolyticus, V. parahemolyticus, V. vulnificus & V. fluvialis Examples of Non Halophilic Vibrio – V. cholerae and V. mimicus
1
V. cholerae
V. parahaemolyticus
V. alginolyticus
V. fluvialis
Microbiology
null
84cdc5be-4a78-436c-8edb-5bf75867cab0
multi
All are methods of sterilization by dry heat except-
null
4
Flaming
Incineration
Hot air oven
Autoclaving
Microbiology
null
1ec9a7d1-ed09-4428-b0f6-dae5c69a7a89
multi
Which one of the following is the treatment of choice for lower ureteric stone
SWL and URS both remain the mainstays of treatment of distal ureteral stones . It should be clear that it is imperative to tailor therapy choices to the individual patient, after careful discussion of outcomes of treatment: success rates, adjunctive procedures, and treatment related morbidity. Both patient factors (bod...
1
Endoscopic removal
Diuretics
Drug dissulation
Laser
Surgery
Urology
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single
Asbestos used in -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cement production o Asbestos is the commercial name given to certain types of fibrous material.o They are silicates of varying composition; the silica is combined with such bases as magnesium, iron, calcium, sodium and the aluminium.o Asbestos is of two tvpes-serpentine or chrysolite variety and the a...
3
Painting
Bakery
Cement production
Cotton industry'
Social & Preventive Medicine
Occupational Health
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single
Median rhomboid glossitis is seen in?
Median Rhomboid glossitis - - characterised by presence of redness and area of loss of lingual papilla on dorsum of tongue - usually seen among smokers and pt.'s using inhaled steroids - it is characterised by chronic atrophic oral Candidiasis
1
Candidiasis
AIDS
Chronic kidney disease
Mouth breathers
Medicine
fungal infection
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single
The best method of curtailing the second stage of labour in heart disease is by:
Management of heart disease patient in 2nd stage: No maternal pushing and the tendency to delay in the second stage of labor is to be curtailed by forceps or ventouse under pudendal and/or perineal block anesthesia. Ventouse is preferable to forceps as it can be applied without putting the patient in lithotomy position...
2
Prophylactic forceps
Prophylactic ventouse
Spontaneous delivery with episiotomy
Caesarean section
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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single
Glycogen containing cells is feature of
Ans. a (Ewing's sarcoma). (Ref. Robbin, Pathology, 6th ed., 1244)EWING'S SARCOMA# Ewing's sarcoma constitutes -10-15% of all bone sarcomas# Is common in adolescence (peak incidence in the second decade of life).# It typically involves the diaphyseal region of long bones, Also has an affinity for flat bones.# X-ray: cha...
1
Ewing's sarcoma
Chondromyxoid tumor
Chondroblastoma
Osteosarcomas
Pathology
Osteology
deaa29b9-fa4a-445d-84fa-8546a13ac7e0
single
False about Acoustic neuroma is :
Acoustic neuroma is a benign, encapsulated, slow growing tumor.
4
It is encapsulated
It is the most common tumor of cerebellopontine angle
It involves inferior vestibular nerve more commonly than superior vestibular nerve
It is a malignant tumor
Surgery
null
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multi
Most common anterior mediastinal tumour is
(Thymoma): {2181- H 18th edition)MEDIASTINAL MASSESAnterior mediastinumThymoma (Most common)***LymphomaTeratomatous neoplasmsThyroid massesMiddle mediastinum- Vascular masses (Most common)**- Lymph node enlargement from metastasis or granulomatous disease- Pleuropericardial and bronchogenic cystsPosterior mediastinum- ...
1
Thymoma
Neurogenic tumor
Lymphoma
Teratoma
Medicine
Oncology
bf45216b-20e5-4a64-84d2-a36283428dd0
single
Rectum develops from
Human embryology Tenth edition Inderbir Singh Page no 180 The most caudal pa of the hindgut is cloaca it is paitioned to form primitive rectum and primitive urogenital sinus upper pa of rectum that is pa above the middle fold of rectum,develops from endoderm of hindgut. lower pa of rectum that is pa below the middle fo...
1
Cloaca
Hind gut
Allantoic remnants
Urogeital sinus
Anatomy
General anatomy
aa4bb0c3-18cb-4fbc-9705-830d2906d5e4
multi
Smell of burnt rope due to poisoning with: AIIMS 14
Ans. Cannabis
2
Aluminum phosphide
Cannabis
Arsenic
Cyanide
Forensic Medicine
null
0e7f0fd1-9bf3-43e8-ae5f-87aa0b8950a0
single
HTLV-1 causes which of the following?
HTLV1 causes tropical spastic paraparesis&adult T cell leukemia REF:MICROBIOLOGY ANANTHA NARAYANAN NINTH EDITION PAGE.567
1
Tropical spastic paraparesis
Familial medeterranian fever
Cutaneous T cell lymphoma
burkitts lymphoma
Microbiology
Virology
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single
A 37 weeks pregnant woman attends an antenatal clinic at a Primary Health Centre. She has not had any antenatal visit till now. The best approach regarding tetanus immunization in this case would be to-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Give a dose of Tetanus Toxoid (TT) and explain to her that it will not protect the new born and she should take the second dose after four weeks even if she delivers in the meantime Guidelines on TT in pregnancy: Primigravida: 2 doses 1 month apa, after I trimester Duration of Protection with 2 doses ...
1
Give a dose of Tetanus Toxoid (TT) and explain to her that it will not protect the new born and she should take the second dose after four weeks even if she delivers in the meantime
Don not waste the TT vaccine as it would anyhow be of no use in this pregnancy Give one dose of TT and explain that it will not be useful for this pregnancy
Give her anti-tetanus Immunoglobulin along with the TT vaccine
All
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
19b125bd-9837-42a3-825b-b13a49e7dfaa
multi
Indications for instituting single-agent chemotherapy following evacuation of a hydatidiform mole usually include
(Mishell, 3/e, pp 455-456.) Single-agent chemotherapy is usually instituted if levels of hCG remain elevated 8 weeks after evacuation of a hydatidiform mole. Approximately 50% of the patients who have persistently high hCG titers will develop malignant sequelae. If hCG titers rise or reach a plateau for 2 to 3 successi...
1
A rise in hCG titers
A plateau of hCG titers for 1 week
Return of hCG titer to normal at 6 weeks after evacuation
Appearance of liver metastasis
Surgery
null
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A 50-year-old obese woman has long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on metformin and pioglitazone. Insulin glargine (15 units subcutaneously at bedtime) has recently been started because of a hemoglobin A1C level of 8.4. Over the weekend, she develops nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea after exposu...
This woman with poorly controlled diabetes has developed hyperglycemia and lethargy during an episode suggestive of viral gastroenteritis. Her presentation is most consistent with hyperosmolar nonketotic state. This condition typically occurs in type 2 diabetics who become volume depleted and develop renal insufficienc...
2
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Hyperosmolar nonketotic state
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion
Drug-induced hyponatremia
Medicine
Endocrinology
4f0b9333-cfb8-4da9-b5a4-f35e749370b5
single
Deep inguinal ring is formed in:
Ans. B Transversalis fascia* Deep inguinal ring is an oval opening formed in transversalis fascia.# It lies about 0.5 inch (1.3 cm) above inguinal ligament midway between anterior superior iliac supine and symphysis pubis.# Medial to deep inguinal ring is inferior epigastric vessels.Extra Mile# Superficial inguinal rin...
2
Transversus abdominis
Transversalis fascia
External oblique aponeurosis
Internal oblique aponeurosis
Anatomy
Abdomen & Pelvis
63358381-ddd0-4891-be5a-bc77f2ccdeb4
single
Apoptosis does not occur by normal caspase pathway in?
Cerebral hypoxic-ischaemic injury is a significant cause of death and neurological impairment. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have shown that transient hypoxia-ischaemia leads to a biphasic disruption of cerebral energy metabolism. Related to this biphasic energy failure, two waves of cell death seem to follow...
3
Liver
Muscle
Neurons
Skin
Pathology
General pathology
5304eb94-6208-4358-b2ae-7d115b814edb
single
Chorea is NOT seen in
(D) Tourette Syndrome # TOURETTE SYNDROME is a neurological disorder characterised by sudden rapid, involuntary movements called tics, which occur repeatedly. Tourette Syndrome is also linked to other behaviours, most often OCD and Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD).> Symptoms can include bouts of motor and vocal tics a...
4
Huntington's disease
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Rheumatic fever
Tourette syndrome
Medicine
Miscellaneous
c67d7e0e-0b1b-44f5-83e6-63e285aa7ed8
single
Cellular cementum is
null
2
First formed cementum
Less calcified than acellular type
More calcified than acellular type
Less irregular
Dental
null
3f3c3bad-cf0b-4a6a-a510-0b2aac99a1c2
single
Newborn eye is ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hypermetropic Eye at bih Anteroposterior diameter of eye ball is about 16.5 mm (70% of adult size). Adult size is attained by 7-8 years. Corneal diameter is about 10 mm. Adult size (11.7 mm) is attained by 2 years of age. Anterior chamber is shallow and angle is narrow. Lens is spherical at bih. Retin...
2
Myopic
Hypermetropic
Presbyopic
None of the above
Ophthalmology
null
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multi
Carotid Sinus baroreceptor is most sensitive to
carotid sinus baroreceptor is most sensitive to mean aerial pressure(MAP) Maximal baroreceptor sensitivity is seen near the normal MAP. Very Small changes in aerial pressure around this is normal MAP dramatically alters baroreceptor firing to ensure normal aerial pressure is maintained. Baroreceptors Stretch receptors ...
4
Pulse pressure
Diastolic BP
Systolic BP
Mean BP
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
8573e941-b1a0-47d0-9701-1671d471dafc
single
Miotics are used in the treatment of
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Angle closure glaucoma * Treatment of choice for acute congestive glaucoma - Laser iridotomy (1st choice), Peripheral iridectency (2nd choice).* Drug of choice for acute congestive glaucoma - Pilocarpine .* Initially IOP is controlled (first drug used) - Systemic mannitol or acetazolamide.
2
Open angle glaucoma
Angle closure glaucoma
After cataract
Posterior uveitis
Ophthalmology
Glaucoma
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single
This condition is associated with:
Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary autosomal dominant disorder. Pale blue sclera is one of the characteristic features of osteogenesis imperfecta. Blue sclera are also seen in osteopetrosis, fetal rickets, marfan's syndrome, and Ehlers - Danlos syndrome.
4
Osteopetrosis
Marfan syndrome
Osteogenesis imperfecta
All of the above
Pathology
null
432d2e39-7a1a-4fd8-bbee-e14cfc92d12b
multi
Health related goal in Sustainable Development Goals
Ref:Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 25th Ed P.523
4
SGD 4
SDG 6
SDG 2
SDG 3
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health programmes in India
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single
Treatment for stage T3N1 of carcinoma maxilla is
Maxillary carcinoma is of two types Squamous cell carcinoma -- (MC. type of carcinoma) Adenocarcinoma T/T of maxillary carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma - Combination of Surgery and radiotherapy gives better res is than either alone. Radiotherapy can be given before or after surgery (The t/t is same in every stage of m...
2
Surgery only
Surgery and radiation
Radiation therapy only
Chemotherapy and radiation
Surgery
Head and neck
bd223fae-4426-48e1-a014-ef00ff9e4661
single
Most common cardiac defect seen in Rubella syndrome
Most common cardiac defect is PDA followed by PS, followed by VSD.
1
Pulmonary stenosis
VSD
ASD
Mitral regurgitation
Microbiology
null
066afae7-0b95-492f-ab15-b24cfc6e6fb9
single
All are true regarding WHO growth cha, EXCEPT:
Growth cha is a visible display of the child's physical growth and development. The WHO prototype growth cha has 2 reference curves. The upper reference curve represents the median (50th percentile) for boys (slightly higher than that of girls), and the lower reference curve the 3rd percentile for girls (slightly lower...
2
It is an impoant tool for educating
The position of dot is more impoant than direction
Between top 2 lines it shows road-to-health
Lowermost line represents children below third percentile
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
1b670651-f39b-485a-a1fa-3dd13ad8df75
multi
Gene mutations in Cystic fibrosis occurs at
null
3
Short arm of chromosome 7
Long arm os chromosome 5
Long arm of chromosome 7
Short arm of chromosome 3
Medicine
null
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single
Femoral hernia lies:
Ans: b (Lateral and below pubic tubercle) Ref: Bailey & love, 24th ed, p. 1281-1282FEMORAL HERNIA* Third most common type of primary hernia.* 20 % of hernia in females and 5% in men.* Most liable to become strangulated because of narrowness of the neck of the sac and rigidity of the femoral ring.* Strangulation is the ...
2
Medial to the pubic tubercle
Lateral and below pubic tubercle
Through deep inguinal ring.
Through Hasselbach's triangle.
Surgery
Hernia
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single
Two girls in the same class are diagnosed with meningococcal meningitis Their 12 yr old close friend is in fear of contracting dis what advice should be given to her
Meningococcal conjugate vaccine mcv 4 have new largely replaced meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine Mps in prevention of meningococcal dis CDC recommends that all adolescents should recieve meninegiococcal conjugate vaccine MCV 4 IM =1stdose at 12 12 years and booster at 16 years ref : ananthanaryana
2
Two doses of polysaccharide vaccine
Two doses of conjugate vaccine
Single dose of meningococcal vaccine
No vaccine needed as exposure has already occurred
Microbiology
All India exam
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single
All the following are the examples of enveloped viruses except:
Option1 : Adenovirus is the example of non-enveloped DNA viruses. Option 2: Coronavirus is an Enveloped RNA virus. Option 3: Molluscum contagiosum virus is an Enveloped DNA virus. Option 4: Herpes virus is an Enveloped DNA virus. Other Enveloped DNA viruses: HBV, HSV, VZV, CMV, Poxviruses. Enveloped RNA virus: Flavivir...
1
Adenovirus
Coronavirus
Molluscum contagiosum virus
Herpes virus
Microbiology
Virology (General Propeies, DNA Viruses)
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multi
The reflex originating from Golgi tendon organ to relax the responding muscle is a
(B) Disynaptic reflex # Golgi tendon organ> The receptor for the inverse stretch reflex is in the Golgi tendon organ.> There are 3-25 muscle fibers per tendon organ.> They are stimulated by both passive stretch and active contraction of the muscle.> The threshold of the Golgi tendon organs is low.
2
Monosynaptic reflex
Disynaptic reflex
Polysynaptic reflex
Reflex centre of which is situated in medulla oblongata
Physiology
Nervous System
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single
Transient tachypnea of new born, all are true except –a) Mild pleural effusionb) Air bronchogramc) Reticular shadowsd) Prom. interlobar fissure
Distinguishig this disease from hyaline membrane disease is difficult. The distinctive feature of transient tachyapnea are Mild symptomology Sudden recovery of the infant * Absence of roentgenographic reticulogranular pattern or air bronchogram.
2
a
bc
ac
ad
Pediatrics
null
c1affdd9-c344-4b06-9745-f83800fc712c
multi
A primigravida was given dietary advice in the 2nd trimester. What should be the extra calorie intake in pregnancy?
ANS. B* In pregnancy: Add 350 kcal of energy and 23 g protein* For lactation: Add 600 kcal of energy (up to 6 months) and 520 kCal (after 6 months) and 19 g protein.Normal changes in pregnancyHematological changesCardiovascular changesPlasma volume increases by 40%Cardiac output increases by 40%Red cell volume increase...
2
200 kcal
300 kcal
500 kcal
No extra calorie
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Antenatal Care & Assessment of Fetal Well Being
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single
Not an enrichment medium -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Loeffler's serum Type of mediumName of mediumLaboratory useLiquid Media A. Basal (simple)1 Peptone waterRoutine culture, basal medium for sugar fermentation testRoutine culture2. Nutrient brothB. Special (complex) a. Enrichedb. Enrichment1. Glucose broth1. Robertson's cooked meat medium2 Tetrathionate...
4
Selenite F broth
Tetrathionate broth
Alkaline peptone water
Loeffler's serum
Microbiology
Culture media and method
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single
5&; - Nucleotidase activity is increased in -
5&; nucleotidase rise parallels ALP but is more specific for diseases of hepatic origin (Harsh mohan page 594)
4
Bone diseases
Prostate cancer
Chronic renal failure
Cholestatic disorders
Medicine
G.I.T
bb1fda51-e880-4797-beb7-50cd0afd4e71
single
Which is not true about dengue hemorrhagic fever
null
1
Shock
Thrmbocytopenia
Hepatomegaly
Plasma leaking
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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The most common pathogenic organism causing pyogenic liver abscess in children is:
In children with pyogenic liver abscesses, the most common pathogenic organisms include Staphylococcus aureus
1
Staphylococcus aureus
H Influenzae
Entamoeba Histolytica
Klebsiella
Pediatrics
Impoant Bacterial Diseases in Children
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Heparin is the commonly used anticoagulant in cardiac surgery. All of the following are true about heparin EXCEPT:
Heparin is the strongest organic acid found in human beings. It acts by activating AT-III that inhibits factor Xa and IIa. Adverse effects of heparin are: Bleeding, Osteoporosis, Thrombocytopenia, Hypersensitivity, Alopecia. Most commercial preparations of heparin are derived from ox lung and pig intestine.
1
Weakest acid found in living beings
Most commercial preparations of heparin are derived from pig intestine
Acts via antithrombin activation
Produce thrombocytopenia
Pharmacology
null
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Radiological examination shows evidence of bone infarct in a child. She may have the following condition:
Sickle cell disease is frequently associated with bone infarction resulting from vasoocclusion secondary to the sickling of red cells. Bone infarction also occurs in hemoglobin sickle cell disease and sickle cell thalassemia. The bone pain in sickle cell crisis is due to bone and bone marrow infarction. In children, in...
3
Iron deficiency anaemia
Thalassemia
Sickle cell disease
Hereditary spherocytosis
Pathology
null
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Blunt injury to the eye often causes all of the following, EXCEPT:
Blunt injury to the eye causes: NON UVEAL CHANGES Lid edema or hematoma Subconjunctival hemorrhage Cataract Berlin's edema of retina UVEAL CHANGES Iritis Anterior chamber angle recession Tear of root of iris Hyphema Mydriasis Tear of iris sphincter Cyclodialysis Choroidal hemorrhage Choroidal rupture Chorioretinitis sc...
4
Angle recession
Anterior polar cataract
Berlin edema
Avulsion of optic nerve
Ophthalmology
null
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Platelet count is decreased in all of the following condition except -
null
1
H. S. Purpura
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic pupura
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Medicine
null
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Heritable changes in gene expression not caused by alterations in DNA sequence refers to:
Epigenetics Means 'above genes'. Study of heritable changes in gene expression that donot involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence. This is a change in phenotype without a change in genotype. Epigenetic silencing (Genomic Imprinting) is one of the ways to turn genes off - contribute to differential expression. Ma...
2
Genetics
Epigenetics
Mutations
Transposons
Biochemistry
Mendalian Inheritance
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A patient is having narrow angle glaucoma. Drug contraindicated in this patient is:
Ans. C. HomatropineAny drug having anti-cholinergic action can produce mydriasis in eye. Mydriasis is dangerous in a patient of glaucoma as it can precipitate the attack of angle closure glaucoma. Homatropine is an anti-cholinergic drug, therefore should be avoided in Glaucomatous patientSome other classes of drugs, i....
3
Acetazolamide
Timolol
Homatropine
Pilocarpine
Pharmacology
A.N.S.
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Which of the following is the calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP)receptor antagonist approved by FDA for treatment of acute migraine attack?
FDA approved rimepegant , a CGRP receptor antagonist for treatment of acute migraine attack in february 2020. Activation of cells in the trigeminal nucleus results in the release of vasoactive neuropeptides, paicularly calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), at vascular terminals of the trigeminal nerve and within the ...
1
Rimegepant
Lasmiditan
Eletriptan
Erenumab
Medicine
C.N.S
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Okazaki fragments are formed during ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., DNA replication
3
Transcription
Translation
DNA replication
null
Biochemistry
null
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Which of the following can be oxidized by b- oxidation pathway?
Ans. D. All of theseb- oxidation is defined as the oxidation of fatty acids on the b- carbon atom. It is a characteristic feature of all the fatty acid. Even chain fatty acids are degraded to form Acetyl CoA and Odd chain fatty acids are degraded to form propionyl CoA. Due to the presence of double bonds in unsaturated...
4
Saturated fatty acids
Mono saturated fatty acids
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
All of these
Biochemistry
Lipids
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Christmas tree appearance seen in:
About 90% of patients with myotonic dystrophy develop fine iridescent coical opacities in the third decade, sometimes resembling Christmas tree cataract.
1
Myotonic dystrophy
Trauma
Chalcosis
Diabetes
Ophthalmology
Cataract
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Which is the predominant factor in the formation of the alveolar process:
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1
Eruption of teeth
Normal process of growth
Lengthening of the condyle
Overall growth of the bodies of the maxilla and the mandible
Dental
null
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Hassall's corpuscles are seen in
Corpuscles of Hassall - These are small rounded structures present in the medulla of the thymus. Each corpuscle has a central core formed by epithelial cells that have undergone degeneration. These cells ultimately form a pink staining hyaline mass. Around this mass there is a wall formed by concentrically arranged epi...
1
Thymus
Spleen
Lymph node
Appendix
Anatomy
General anatomy
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Oral contraceptive pills act mainly by ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Inhibition of ovulation Mechanism of action of OCPs Inihibition of gonadotropin release from pitutary by reinforcement of normal feedback inhibition --> No prevulatory LH surge --> No ovulation This is the most impoant mechanism. Thickening of cervical mucus secretion (due to progesterone) hostile to ...
2
Production of cervical mucus hostile to sperm penetration
Inhibition of ovulation
Making endometrium unsuitable for implantation
Enhancing uterine contraction to dislodge the feilized ovum
Pharmacology
null
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Drug NOT used in pulmonary hypertension -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., alpha blockers Pulmonary hypertension General managementDiuretic therapy may be useful as it relieves pulmonary edema.Anticoagulant therapy is advocated for all patients.Specific managementCalcium channel blockersPatients who have substantial reductions in pulmonary arterial pressure in response to sh...
3
Calcium channel blocker
Endothelin receptor antagonist
Alpha blocker
Prostacyclin
Pharmacology
A.N.S.
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All of the following features are seen in viral pneumonia except-
Viral pneumonia is characterised by patchy inflammatory changes,largely confined to interstitial tissue of the lungs,without any alveolar exudate.The hallmarks of viral pneumonias are interstitial inflammation,necrotizing bronchiolitis,reactive changes with proliferation of lining epithelial cells of bronchioles and al...
2
Presence of interstitial inflammation
Predominance of alveolar exudates
Bronchiolitis
Multinucleate giant cells in the bronchiolar wall
Medicine
Respiratory system
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Reticulocytes are stained by ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Supravital stain Usually supravital stains (methylene blue and Brilliant cresyl blue) are used for reticulocytes.
1
Supravital stain
Purssian blue stain
H and E stain
Reticulin stain
Pathology
null
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Which of the following is false about acute hemolytic reactions
Acute hemolytic reactions are due to severe immune related transfusions(ABO incompatibility) resulting in potentially fatal complement mediated intravascular haemolysis and multi organ failure. Fever, chills and rigors are seen in febrile transfusion reactions due to leucocyte component in donor blood. Ref: Bailey and ...
2
Multi organ failure
Associated with fever, chills and rigors
Intravascular haemolysis
Complement mediated
Anatomy
General anatomy
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Best investigation to diagnose fetal age is :
Serial Ultrasound
1
Serial Ultrasound
Amniocentesis
Fundal height measurement
X-ray
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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Paramesonephric duct develop into:
Mullerian(Paramesonephric duct) derivatives Uterus Cervix Fallopian tubes 4/5th of vagina Lower 1/5th derived from urogenital sinus Ovaries are derived from Genital Ridge Wolffian duct (Mesonephric duct) derivatives Epididymis Vas deferens Seminiferous tubules Prostatic urethra
4
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicle
Ureter
Uterus
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Mullerian Abnormalities
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Activation of the following type of receptors present on myenteric neurons by metoclopramide is primarily responsible for the enhanced acetylcholine release and improving gastric motility:
(Ref: KDT 6/e p646, 647) Gastric motility is increased by ACh. Release of this neurotransmitter is enhanced by 5HT4 receptor stimulation and 5HT3 and D2 receptor antagonism.
3
Muscarine M1
Serotonergic 5-HT3
Serotonergic 5-HT4
Dopaminergic D2
Pharmacology
Other topics and Adverse effects
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Commando’s operation is for
null
2
Radical mastectomy
Oral cancer
Mandible
Leg amputation
Surgery
null
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The function of proximal grooves in a class II cavity is:
Secondary retention and resistance form Retention grooves and locks are placed in the proximal box
4
Resistance form
Retention form
Increases strength
Resistance and retention form
Dental
null
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Thyroid hormone acts through receptors present on
Thyroid hormoneEither of two hormones, thyroxine (T4) or triiodothyronine (T3, secreted by the follicles of the thyroid gland. They act on receptors in tissues throughout the body to increase the production of cellular proteins, the metabolic rate, and the activities of the sympathetic nervous system.Ref: Ganong&;s rev...
3
Cell membrane
Cytoplasmic membrane
Nuclear membrane
DNA
Physiology
Endocrinology
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Battle's sign is: TN 11
Ans. Mastoid ecchymosis
2
Hemorrhage around eyes
Mastoid ecchymosis
Umbilical ecchymosis
Vaginal ecchymosis
Forensic Medicine
null
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Dupuytren's contracture occur in -a) Diabetes Mellitusb) Alcoholc) Epilepsyd) Rheumatoid Arthritise) Chronic Pulmonary disease
The exact etiology is unknow; However, the condition is more commonly associated with following conditions :- Epileptics taking phenytoin      Diabetes   Smoking Alcoholic cirrhosis AIDS Pulmonary TB
3
bcde
abcd
abce
abde
Orthopaedics
null
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Drug therapy used in treatment of Wernicke's encephalopathy :
null
3
Diazepam
Disulfiram
Thiamine
Cynocobalamine
Pharmacology
null
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Landmark which is immune to surface deposition and resorption:
Arcial growth of mandible: Proposed by Ricketts. The advantage was that the arc of growth can be constructed for every individual depending on the length of the core of the mandible. In order to locate the central core, which is immune to surface deposition and resorption, he introduced 2 landmarks - Xi point and Eva...
1
Xi point and Eva point
Point A and Point B
Porion and Basion
Pogonion and Gnathion
Dental
null
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PCT secretes
PCT secretes H+ into tubule thus helping in excretion . Ref: Ganong's review of medical physiology; 24th edition; page no: 685
3
Sodium
Glucose
Hydrogen ions
Amino acids
Physiology
Renal physiology
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Hypokalemia ECG changes all except
In hypokalemia T wave is inveed; Hypokalemia (plasma K+ +-3.5 meq/L)- ST segment depression.A prominent U wave is now present immediately following the TThe actual QT interval remains 0.4 s.If the U wave is erroneously considered a pa of the T,a falsely prolonged QT interval of 0.6 s will be measured. Hypokalemia (plas...
1
Tall T wave
Prolonged QRS interval
Depressed ST segment
Prominent U waves
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
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All of the following comes under priority of Stroke control programme EXCEPT: March 2013 (g)
Ans. D i.e. Control of alcoholism The aim of stroke control programme is to apply at community level effective measures for the prevention of stroke.
4
Control of smoking
Control of hypeension
Control of diabetes
Control of alcoholism
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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Displacement reaction is characteristically seen in:
Displacement and inhibition are the defense mechanism involved in phobia.
2
Mania
Phobia
Conversion disorder
Depression
Psychiatry
Psychoanalysis
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Resistance form of cavity preparation is:
null
4
Flat pulp floor
enough depth of the cavity
Restricted size of the external walls
all of the above
Dental
null
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PMA index given by Schour and Massler is a method of assessing
null
4
Periodontitis
Oral hygiene
Amount of calculus
Gingivitis
Dental
null
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A patient died on dental chair due to overdose of LA, cause for this can be
null
1
Apnea
Hypercapnea
Cardiac arrest
Dyspnea
Surgery
null
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Which of the following cellular compounds are involved in protein synthesis?
Rough ER produces proteins that are not expoed, the better answer here would be ribosomes.
3
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Biochemistry
null
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What is the capillary refill time in a child with shock?
A delay in capillary refill more than 3 seconds indicates a fluid depletion greater than 90ml/kg or shock. A delay in capillary refill of greater than 2 to 3 sec indicates inadequate peripheral circulation (volume depletion of 50 -90 ml/kg). Capillary refill time: It is an indicator of the adequacy of of peripheral per...
3
>1 second
>2 seconds
> 3 seconds
>4 seconds
Pediatrics
null
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In otosclerosis Carhart's notch dips at:
(d) 2000HzinBC(Ref. Shambaugh, 6th ed., 532)In otosclerosis the dip at 2000Hz is seen in bone conduction curve which is known as Carhart's notch. Mnemonic: Carhart's in Bone Conduction, CBC.
4
1000 Hz in AC
1000 Hz in BC
2000 Hz in AC
2000 Hz in BC
ENT
Otosclerosis
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Microalbuminemina is defined as protein level of
Refer Robbins page no Pg1120 The earliest manifestation of diabetic nephropathy is the apperacne of low amounts low amounts of albumin in the urine.. Greater than 30mg/day but less than 300 mg/day that is microalbuminuria
3
100-150mg/dl
151-200mg/d
30-300mg/d
301-600mg/d
Pathology
Urinary tract
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"Adenoma - carcinoma sequence" is seen in
(Carcinoma colon) (1177-LB) (1179-B &L 25th)Adenocarcinoma of the colon: microscopically the neoplasm is a columnar cell carcinoma originating in the colonic epithelium. Macroscopically, the tumour may take one of four forms. Type 4 is the least malignant form* It is likely that all carcinomas start as benign adenoma t...
4
Follicular thyroid carcinoma
Carcinoma gall bladder
Carcinoma stomach
Carcinoma colon
Surgery
Small & Large Intestine
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Which of the following is the first sign that appear in hemorrhagic shock?
null
2
Hypotension
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Syncope
Surgery
null
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In post-ductal coarctation of aoa collaterals may be formed by all of the following, except
Coarctation of the aoa is a congenital condition whereby the aoa is narrow, usually in the area where the ductus aerioses inses. The word "coarctation" means narrowing. Coarctations are most common in the aoic arch. The arch may be small in babies with coarctations. Other hea defects may also occur when coarctation is ...
1
Veebral aery
Suprascapular a ery
Subscapular aery
Posterior intercostal aery
Anatomy
Abdomen and pelvis
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Which of the following is seen in the ovulatory phase:
Stimulation of continuation of reduction division of oocytes Ref: Speroff Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology & Infeility, 7/e chapter 6; Guyton 11/e p1012 The ovarian cycle can be divided into three phases: the follicular phase, ovulation, and the intent phase. The ovarian cycle depends completely on the gonadotropic h...
1
Stimulation of continuation of reduction division of oocytes
Inhibin A is increased
FSH increases steroid synthesis in granulosa cells
Activin causes FSH to act on granulosa cells
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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