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For the following disorders, select the serum concentrations (mEq/L) of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) with which it is most likely to be associated in a dehydrated patient.A 1-year-old girl has had since about 3 months of age repeated episodes of hypoglycemic seizures and bouts of lactacidosis. She has a protuberant ... | Patients with a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase (von Gierke disease) are, as a rule, hyperlipidemic. Increased triglyceride concentration in the serum decreases the volume of the aqueous compartment. Because electrolytes are present only in the aqueous compartment of the serum but are expressed in milliequivalents ... | 2 | Na+ 118, K+ 7.5 | Na+ 125, K+ 3.0 | Na+ 134, K+ 6.0 | Na+ 144, K+ 2.9 | Pediatrics | Genetics And Genetic Disorders | 56c8c7a8-159a-4532-9ed3-c53900455137 | single |
A-7 year child presenting with acute otitis media, does not respond to ampicillin. Examination reveals full and bulging tympanic membrane, the treatment of choice is: | Indications of myringotomy in acute otitis media:Drum is bulging + acute pain.Incomplete resolution despite antibiotics when drum remains full with persistent conductive deafness.Persistent effusion beyond 12 weeks. | 3 | Sytemic steroid | Ciprofloxacin | Myringotomy | Coical mastoidectomy | ENT | null | ffa09e57-d00e-48aa-976c-2184413be3a8 | single |
Altered (bizarre) perception/interpretation of real objects is most appropriately known as: | A i.e. Illusion | 1 | Illusion | Delusion | Hallucination | Delirium | Psychiatry | null | 16fc55e9-df3a-43d1-b8ce-6f7fb60320df | multi |
A child has an extreme open bite only the most posterior teeth contact in the opposite arch. The best procedure for dentist would be to | null | 1 | Refer the child to an orthodontist for treatment | Remove the posterior teeth in each quadrant | Make an overlay denture to create occlusion | Place bands on the teeth and place elastics to close the bite | Dental | null | d24f5bea-1067-4232-8b25-751a775af2ab | single |
Not a histological feature of lichen planus is - | LICHEN PLANUS:-Inflammatory T cell mediated auto immune disorder affecting skin, hair,nails and mucous membranes.Histology:-1. Irregular acanthosis of the epidermis.2. Hypergranulosis- wedge shaped3. Compact hyperkeratosis.4. Basal cell degeneration5. Colloid bodies6. Pigment incontinence.7. Band like lympho histiocyti... | 3 | Acanthosis | Hyperkeratosis | Neutrophils in stratum corneum | Pigment incontinence | Dental | Papulosquamous disorders | f3bb6715-eb39-4299-9d37-bbd46c69e7c4 | single |
Most commonly abused opioid - | Diacetylmorphine (heroin) is the most commonly abused opioid. | 2 | Morphine | Diacetylmorphine | Oxycodine | Bupremorphine | Psychiatry | null | 604b4423-aeb1-45dc-a6a7-df8aa8900de3 | single |
Which of the following is the most accurate way of dating the pregnancy? | Ans. is c, i.e. Crown rump length on abdominal or vaginal ultrasoundBest method for dating of pregnancy is ultrasound in first trimester. The best parameter is Crown Rump length. | 3 | Determination of uterine size on pelvic examination | Quantitative serum HCG level | Crown rump length on abdominal or vaginal ultrasound | Determination of progesterone level along with serum HCG level | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Diagnosis of Pregnancy | 673b5e10-2d2b-48bc-b3a9-01d47f983098 | single |
The transpo protein responsible for entry of glucose into the intestinal enterocyte is called: | The transpo protein responsible for the sodium-dependent glucose transpo in the small intestine is termed the SGLT1. The absorption of glucose occurs through the coordinated action of transpo proteins located in the brush border and basolateral membranes of the enterocyte. Glucose uptake into the enterocyte occurs prim... | 3 | Glut-2 | Glut-5 | SGLT1 | SGLT2 | Surgery | null | 7dd42926-f5ab-4544-ad12-c05a94740705 | multi |
Slap cheek appearance is seen in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Erythema infectiosum o Erythema infectiosum (also known as fifth disease) is usually a benign childhood condition characterized by aclassic slapped-cheek appearance (see the image below) and lacy exanthem. It results from infection with human parvovirus (PV) B19. an erythrovirus.o Human herpesvirus 6 ... | 1 | Erythema infectiosum | Exanthem subitum | Roseola infantun | None of above | Pediatrics | Viral Infections | e036cb13-476b-4847-bccf-b29748b04bf0 | multi |
The most common cyst of the oral region is | repeated question. | 4 | Dentigerous cyst | Keratosis cyst | Dermoid cyst | Periapical cyst | Surgery | Head and neck | b74bd8b4-c7d8-4481-a3e8-5e4b2a89c300 | single |
What is the daily fluid requirement on day 1 for a 1 neonate who weighs 1400 gms? | Ans. C. 80ml/kgDaily fluid requirement during first week of life.Birth wtDay 1Day 2Day 3Day 4Day 5Day 6Day 7 and onwards<1500g8095110120130140150>=1500g607590105120135150 | 3 | 60 ml/kg | 70 ml/kg | 80ml/kg | 90ml/kg | Pediatrics | Fluid & Electrolyte | d714432a-8cb9-47c5-87c8-c6d608c572a3 | single |
The earlies antibody marker to appear In the serum in Hepatitis B virus infection Is- | <P>Davidson&;s principles and practice of medicine 22nd edition. #HBc Ag is not found in blood but antibody to it appeared early in the illness (incubation period) and rapidly reached a high titre which subsides gradually but then persist.</p> | 3 | Anti-HBs | Anti-HBe | Anti-HBc | Anti-Hbx | Medicine | G.I.T | f4047369-dd59-455a-b775-5b3cef805e40 | single |
Croup syndrome is usually caused by –a) Rhinovirusesb) Coxsackie A virusc) Coxsackie B virusd) Para influenza | Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
Croup is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract.
Children between the age of 1-5 years are affected.
Causative organisms → Parainfluenza type I, RSV, Influenza, Adenovirus, Rhinovirus | 4 | b | c | ac | ad | Pediatrics | null | b113837b-c2b3-4cbc-b616-eaf81c5ad66c | multi |
Acyclovir is indicated in: | ANTIVIRAL DRUGS: CLASSI FICATION 1.Anti-Herpes virus Idoxuridine, Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Famciclovir, Ganciclovir*, Foscarnet* 2 Anti-Retrovirus (a) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (Nis): Zidovudine (AZT), Didanosine, Zalcitabine*, Stavudine, Lamivudine, Abaca vir (b) Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase i... | 2 | Candida | Herpes simplex | Mycoplasma | Pneumocystis | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy | d1a0f926-7747-4f68-b64b-76501464638c | single |
True statement about cerebrospinal fluid is | Ref:1. Koeppen BM, Stanton BA. The Nervous System: Introduction to Cells and Systems. In: Berne & Levy Physiology 6th ed. Mosby; 2008 p 61-62.2. W F Ganong. Excitable Tissue: Nerve. In: Review of Medical Physiology. 21st ed. California: McGraw-Hill Companies; 2003Explanation:Cerebrospinal Fluid50-70% of the CSF is form... | 1 | Maximum secreted by choroid plexus | Flows from lateral ventricles to 3rd ventricle through aqueduct of sylvius | More in ventricle than in subarachnoid space | CSF formation and absorption are equal at 68 mm CSF pressure | Unknown | null | 1daf123b-cf02-4858-a8b0-ada6247e3604 | multi |
MC age of presentation of gastric ulcer is: | GUs tend to occur later in life than duodenal lesions, with a peak incidence repoed in the sixth decade. More than one half of GUs occur in males and are less common than DUs, perhaps due to the higher likelihood of GUs being silent and presenting only after a complication develops. | 4 | 3rd decade | 4th decade | 5th decade | 6th decade | Medicine | Peptic Ulcer Disease | c3a3c791-b1a3-4492-9e96-d5cb026a4a5f | single |
Transitional cell carcinoma of bladder is associated with-a) Schistosomiasisb) Naphthylaminec) Smokingd) TB bladder | null | 2 | ab | abc | acd | bcd | Pathology | null | 04370c05-19fd-43a4-b59e-a6d8e057d616 | single |
Which of the following most significantly increases the risk of HCC | Risk factors for HCC Chronic infection with HBV and HCV ( 100 fold increase in risk in individuals with HBV infection) Post necrotic cirrhosis Alcoholic cirrhosis Primary biliary cirrhosis Ref : Sabiston 20th edition Pgno :1458 | 1 | HBV | HAV | CMV | EBV | Anatomy | G.I.T | 2b2f67c8-e0f0-4564-89a1-5c691f9cb3fd | single |
S1 nerve root irritation causes pain along the | Sural nerve supplies the skin over the little toe and lateral aspect of the foot, with dermatome S1. Ref: Gray's Anatomy The Anatomical Basics of Clinical Practice 41 e pg 1324. | 3 | Anterior aspect of thigh | Medial aspect of thigh | Lateral aspect of foot | Anteromedial aspect of leg | Anatomy | Lower limb | 47f7d9aa-d28e-407e-97e5-3ecc8c4fcf51 | single |
Whipple's operation is done for | (C) Pancreatic cancer # WHIPPLE'S PROCEDURE is pancreatico duodenectomy* Tumours of the ampulla have a good prognosis.* Duct cell cancers which are less than 4 cm in diameter, not involving the supeior mesenteric & or portal veins and with no evidence of multiple enlarged nodes or distant spread should be considered fo... | 3 | Chronic pancreatitis | Acute pancreatitis | Pancreatic cancer | All the above | Surgery | Miscellaneous | 6ba137da-2da0-46c4-be2b-0d6eb2293e63 | multi |
Ear Lobule is made up of: | Elastic cailage | 1 | Elastic cailage | Hyaline cailage | Fibrocailage | All of the above | Anatomy | null | 32a96ee0-2fb4-4ba8-9440-5ea8d9674998 | multi |
Risk of rubella to fetus is maximum, if the mother is infected in: | Risk of rubella to fetus is maximum, if the mother is infected in 6-12 weeks. Timing of fetal infection determines the extent of teratogenic effect in fetus Ist 2 months Abnormalities in 65-85% cases, Multiple congenital defects (cataracts, deafness and hea defects) Spontaneous aboion 3rd month of fetal life: 30% to 35... | 1 | 6-12 weeks | 20-24 weeks | 24-28 weeks | 32-36 weeks | Microbiology | Virology (RNA Virus Pa-1,2 & Miscellaneous Viruses) | 56eadc1e-ce65-4c17-b2d3-1b8bed476239 | single |
Injury to the Ulnar nerve at the wrist causes paralysis of- | Adduction of thumb is lost due to paralysis of adductor pollicis. | 3 | Apposition of the thumb | Abduction of the carpo-metacarpal joint of the thumb | Adduction of the thumb | Flexion of the MCP joint of the middle finger | Orthopaedics | null | d5addf74-cf32-4470-8e8e-3e2eaf2720e5 | single |
The skeletal muscles become more excitable even to a mild stimulus is known as: | null | 3 | Trousseau's sign. | Chvostek's sign. | Erb sign. | null | Physiology | null | f125ff93-9737-40f0-9d07-5b387fc2a9bc | multi |
The parvocellular pathway, from die lateral geniculate nucleus to the visual coex, carries signals for the detection of | From the lateral geniculate nucleus, a magnocellular pathway and a parvocellular pathway project to the visual coex. The parvocellular pathway, from layers 3-6, carries signals for color vision, texture, shape, and fine detail. The parvocellular pathway also carries color opponent data to the deep pa of layer 4.Ref: Ga... | 2 | Movement, depth and flicker | Color vision, shape and fine details | Temporal frequency | Luminance contrast | Physiology | Nervous system | 740236f0-00dd-4551-9561-2cc39417b088 | single |
Not a symptom of angle closure glaucoma - | Metamorphosia herein,patients perceive distoed images of the object . This results due to alteration in the ratinal contour caused by a raised patch of choroiditis. Ref :Ophthalmology A K Khurana 6th edition chapter-10 page no :162 | 3 | Blurring of vision | Coloured Halos | Metamorphosia | Headache | Ophthalmology | Glaucoma | 45b025b6-c6c3-4ce5-96a0-4e1f1a186adb | single |
Which of the following does not contain uronic acid? | Glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides) are complex carbohydrates containing amino sugars and uronic acidsHeparin -Sulfated glucosamine +L iduronic acidKeratan sulfate - galactose + N-acetylglucosamineChondroitin sulfate - glucuronic acid + N-acetylglucosamineDermatan sulfate - L iduronic acid + N-acetylglucosamineRef... | 2 | Heparin | Keratin sulfate | Chondroitin sulfate | Dermatan sulfate | Biochemistry | miscellaneous | 51add418-19ae-4d71-a163-a0a04a5a76c5 | single |
Bradykinin is a clevage product of - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Kininogen | 1 | Kininogen | Prekallikrein | Kallikrien | Histamine | Pathology | null | d2bcdc2e-4d97-4052-abcb-a63b28030807 | multi |
All the following antimicrobial agents are used topically except – | Griseofulvin is used systemically for dermatophytosis. It is ineffective topically.
Polyene
Amphotericin B → Topically as well as systemically (oral, iv intrathecally.
Nystatin, Hamycin, Natamycin (Pimaricin) → Topically.
Hetrocyclic benzofuran
Griseofulvin → Systemically (oral)
Imidazoles
Clotrimazole, econazole,... | 2 | Clotrimazole | Griseofulvin | Nystatin | Miconazole | Dental | null | 4a55eda0-a818-4ea4-9d11-0650f242e2ff | multi |
Double bubble sign on X-Ray is seen in: | A i.e. Duodenal atresia | 1 | Duodenal atresia | Oesophageal atresia | Colonic atresia/Hirschprung's disease | Pyloric stenosis | Radiology | null | a5748abc-007e-4e4a-bda1-05c3f5a94b3a | single |
The most common cause of fungal sinusitis is( REPEAT QUESTION) | Fungal infections of the paranasal sinuses are uncommon and usually occur in individuals who are immunocompromised. Aspergillus fumigatus is most commonly involved in allergic fungal sinusitis and sinus mycetoma. (Ref: Textbook of diseases of ENT, PL DHINGRA, 7th edition, pg no. 220) | 1 | A fumigates | A niger | A flavus | Candida | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses | 044cd6eb-063f-400d-9311-ace020023523 | single |
Flesh eating bacteria is: | Ans. B. Strep pyogenesStrep pyogenes is caused flesh eating bacteria as it causes rapidly spreading necrotizing fasciitis due to Strep pyogenes erythrogenic or pyrogenic toxin | 2 | Strep pneumoniae | Strep pyogenes | Strep agalactiae | Streoviridans | Microbiology | Bacteria | b51f6992-9c70-4912-a635-68739cca51bf | single |
Origin of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma is from:- | Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (Waldenstrom Macroglobinemia) : B cell lymphoma that exhibit plasmocytic differentiation, clinical symptoms dominated by hyperviscosity related to high level of tumor derived IgM. Origin:- Post geminal Centre B cell. | 3 | Germinal centre T cell | Germinal centre B cell | Post germinal centre B cell | Pre germinal centre B cell | Pathology | JIPMER 2018 | 1cd80a59-e15d-4d19-befb-8920affcbe4e | single |
Which of the following most commonly produces osteoblastic secondaries? | Most common tumor producing osteoblastic bone metastasis is carcinoma prostate. Purely Osteoblastic secondaries are produced by Ca.prostate, Ca.Breast, carcinoid tumor and medulloblastoma. | 4 | Carcinoma lung | Carcinoma breast | Carcinoma urinary bladder | Carcinoma prostate | Orthopaedics | Ohopaedics Q Bank | d05e53b9-2bb4-4001-ac6f-1faec9d0def2 | single |
Which of the following is the least likely physiological change in pregnancy : | The increase in cardiac output does not cause increase in BP. This is due to massive fall in peripheral vascular resistance due to smooth muscle relaxant propeies of progesterone. Reference : Dutta's Textbook of Obstetrics 7th edition page 53 | 4 | Increase in intravascular volume | Increase in cardiac output | Increase in stroke volume | Increase In peripheral vascular resistance | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics | 4b67f583-7a0d-44d3-b062-544b805e94a9 | single |
75% respiration is due to: | Ans. A DiaphragmRef: Snell Anatomy, 7h ed. pg 499; BDC 6th ed. vol. I pg. 212-13* Diaphragm is major respiratory muscle* Inspiration is an active process and requires contraction of inspiratory muscles.* During quiet breathing expiration is a passive process.* During inspiration all the 3 dimensions of the thoracic cav... | 1 | Diaphragm | Internal intercostals | Intercostals | Serratus anterior | Anatomy | Thorax | dfc531c3-5726-4872-83a8-07dc4fe13282 | single |
Oblique cord is the modification of | After bih, the proximal pas of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis Longus FPL muscles were likely replaced by collagenous tissues, providing a specific type of intermuscular septum i.e., the oblique cord. Reference: Vishram Singh Anatomy; 2nd edition; Page no: 134 | 1 | Flexor pollicis Longus | Flexor Pollicis Brevis | Supinator | Pronator Teres | Anatomy | Upper limb | 6a88c1d6-688b-4ada-b323-795e514865bf | single |
Posterior border of ovary is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Free of ligament attachment OVARYo The ovaries are female gonads. Each ovary lies in the ovarian fossa on the lateral pelvic wall which is bound anteriorly by obliterated u mb lie a I artery and posteriorly by ureter and internal iliac artery. Each ovary has two poles (upper and lower), two borders (a... | 4 | Attached to suspensory ligament | Attached to broad ligament | Attached to infundibulopelvic ligament | Free of ligament attachment | Anatomy | Female Genital System | eafcf0df-1296-475a-bbc5-030cb474c1a3 | single |
Apple jelly nodules on diascopy shown below are seen in? | Lupus vulgaris is the most common type of cutaneous TB. Presence of apple jelly nodules at the edge of a plaque. Apple jelly nodules on diascopy- erythematous lesions will turn from pink to golden brown. They do not exhibit this color on Indian skin. In European cases the lesions occur on face paicularly about the nose... | 2 | Scrofuloderma | Lupus vulgaris | Lichen scrofulosorum | Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis | Dental | Mycobacterial Infections | 2223dfc1-4a77-45c5-a58a-5682ab924839 | single |
A person presents with following parameters PCO2 – 30 mm of Hg, PO2 – 105 mm of Hg, pH – 7.45 is having partially compensated - | Increase in pH suggests alkalosis
PCO2 is decreased, this suggests respiratory alkalosis.
The metabolic component cannot be evaluated as data is not provided. So the diagnosis seems to be respiratory alkalosis. | 4 | Metabolic acidosis | Metabolic alkalosis | Respiratory acidosis | Respiratory alkalosis | Medicine | null | 7ec28dbe-1dae-4ac9-80b2-1fcf5c28da9f | multi |
True about nasopharyngeal Ca is all except | AETIOLOGY OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA The exact aetiology is not known. The factors responsible are: 1. Genetic. Chinese have a higher genetic susceptibility to nasopharyngeal cancer. Even after migration to other countries they continue to have higher incidence. 2. Viral Epstein-Barr (EB) virus is closely associated w... | 4 | Most common site is fossa of Rosen Muller | Most common type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is Squamous cell carcinoma | Epstein Barr virus has been identified in tumour epithelial cells | Most common cranial nerve palsy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma is V cranial nerve | ENT | All India exam | 951de7d8-9968-4169-9de0-f79feae54068 | multi |
Which of the following bone tumors occurs in young age group, arises in medullary cavity, and characteristically shows sheets of small uniform sized round cells and Homer Wright rossets? | Ans. b (Ewing's tumor) (Ref. Robbin's pathology, 7th/pg. 1301; 558).The four main types of rosettes in pathology :1. Homer Wright rosette: typically seen in neuroblastomas, medulloblastomas, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs). It consists of a halo of tumor cells surrounding a central region containing neurop... | 2 | Osteosarcoma | Ewing's tumor | Chondrosarcoma | Osteoid osteoma | Pathology | Osteology | cfc25eb7-e9ee-4a7e-834b-d0955356b462 | multi |
Load bearing fixation device is: | null | 1 | Reconstruction plate. | Lag screw. | Champy's plate. | All of the above. | Surgery | null | 174925f4-b2fe-4cb1-a624-7b24382d0d78 | multi |
Chevron Sign is seen with? | *Chevron sign is the inveed V shape notches of growth plates especially distal femur seen in Achondroplasia | 3 | Rickets | Scurvy | Achondroplasia | Osteogenesis Imperfecta | Radiology | Musculoskeletal Radiology | b997eec3-fadf-4ec0-9488-0d015112d47c | single |
Which is not transmitted breast milk? | Even if HCV RNA is present in breast milk, there is little evidence for its relevance to HCV transmission to children. This lack of evidence might be due to a high blood-to-milk gradient ranging from 103 to 107, and low concentrations of viral paicles may be inactivated in the gastrointestinal tract. Neutralizing effec... | 3 | Hepatitis A | Hepatitis B | Hepatitis C | Hepatitis D | Medicine | Hepatitis | 468c54a2-bf48-47c4-a1d3-66772bb18017 | single |
Dysphagia lusoria is due to - | Dysphagia Lusoria is a disorder of swallowing caused due to vascular anomalies
Causes of Dysphagia Lusoria
A right aortic arch
A double aortic arch
A vascular constricting ring formed by a PDA or a ligamentum arteriosum and the pulmonary artery or aortic arch.
An abnormal right subclavian artery. (Arteria lusoria)
A... | 4 | Oesophageal diverticulum | Aneurysm of aorta | Oesophageal web | Compression by aberrant blood vessel. | Surgery | null | 8d3bfd24-ba82-4081-9fd2-c62cfc25010e | single |
The following diseases can cause Bullous lesions in the skin except: | (D) Pityriasis rosea # PITYRIASIS ROSEA is a skin rash.> It is benign but may inflict substantial discomfort in certain cases.> Classically, it begins with a single "herald patch" lesion, followed in 1 or 2 weeks by a generalized body rash lasting up to 12 weeks, however usually around 6-8.> A single, 2- to (rarely) 10... | 4 | Pemphigus | Impetigo | Toxic epidermal necrolysis | Pityriasis rosea | Skin | Miscellaneous | 404eddcb-f6fb-4420-9129-3eacf20c5b98 | multi |
Which is the investigation of choice in assessing hearing loss in neonates? | Impedance audiometry is not used in children before 4 months of age because of the characteristics of ear canal. Ear canal is collapsible and a true tympanogram is difficult to get.Similarly behavioral audiometry and free field audiometry are not possible in a neonate. They cannot test the level of hearing. Results of ... | 2 | Impedance audiometry | Brain-stem evoked response audiometry | Free field audiometry | Behavioral audiometry | ENT | Ear | 475b9266-c406-43c3-8501-06529a1ddb00 | single |
Mitochondiral DNA is ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Closed circular Human mitochondria contain two to ten copies of a small circular double-stranded DNA molecule that makes up approximately 1% of total cellular DNA. The majority of the peptides in mitochondria (about 54 out of 67) are coded by nuclear genes. The rest are coded by genes found in mitocho... | 1 | Closed circular | Nicked circular | Linear | Open circular | Biochemistry | null | 01091672-efab-4b03-aba1-30912ca0b648 | single |
Wide fixed splitting of the second hea sound is typical of- | Wide fixed split of S2 is seen in ASD. Wide split : VSD, MR, LV pacemaker, WPW, PS, RVF, RBBB. Reverse split : RV pacemaker, WPW, Eisen menkers, AS, LVF, LBBB, TR Ref: Harrison&;s 20th ed | 1 | Atrial septal defect | Ventricular septal defect | Patent ductus aeriosus | Coarctation of aoa | Medicine | C.V.S | 87d40eb3-6f87-4a55-8866-2a716993658c | single |
In sickle cell trait, number of bands found in Hb – | In hemoglobin electrophoresis, various types of hemoglobin move at varying speed.
In sickle cell trait (heterozygous state), there are two types of hemoglobin - HbS (40%) and HbA (60%). So, on electrophoresis, two different bands are produced.
In Homozygous state, almost all hemoglobin is HbS. So, a single band is prod... | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | Pediatrics | null | b24d16a5-ec0f-4ec4-87f2-8bc8cf845887 | single |
Functions of limbic system | Emotional behaviour is one of the most impoant functions of the limbic system. Emotions refer to an aroused state involving intense feeling, autonomic activation and related behaviour, which accompany many of our conscious experiences. Emotions have two major components: mental and physical. - MENTAL OR SENSORY COMPONE... | 1 | Emotion | Memory | Higher function | Planned motor activity | Physiology | Nervous system | dec40644-bf23-40ea-b5f7-f8585f128fc6 | single |
Oral hypoglycemics are useful in which of the types of diabetes mellitus | null | 1 | Mild stable maturity onset type | Juvenile type | Diabetes in obese | Diabetic ketoacidosis type | Medicine | null | cb290a08-834e-47d5-82a2-ad81046bc57f | single |
Amyloidosis causes which type of cardiomyopathy? | Ans. B. Restrictive. (Ref. Robbins Basic Pathology 8th/ Table 11-5).Restrictive cardiomyopathy results in a stiff, noncompliant myocardium and can be due to depositions (e.g., amyloidosis and hemochromatosis), increased interstitial fibrosis (e.g., caused by irradiation), or to endomyocardial scarring. Myocarditis resu... | 2 | Constrictive | Restrictive | Hypertrophic | Any of the above | Pathology | C.V.S | b963bf6d-bae4-4e84-81cf-7084460b617c | multi |
Phycomycetes produce | Phycomycetes
Non - Septate hyphae
Form both sexual & Asexual spores. | 3 | Sexual spores | Asexual spores | Both sexual & Asexual spores | None of the above | Microbiology | null | 7e2e97dc-66f4-4e5a-aad4-36909ac449eb | multi |
Dysmenorrhoea is due to? | ANSWER: (B) Decreased progesteroneREF: Shaw 15th ed page 294-296DYSMENORRHOEADefinition: Dysmenorrhoea means painful cramping pain accompanying menstruationEtiological types: Dysmenorrhoea in ovulatory cycle is due to prostaglandins released by progesterone in the endometrium.Primary dysmenorrhoea refers to one that is... | 2 | Ovulation | Decreased progesterone | Increased progesterone | Secretory epithelium | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Dysmenorrhoea | 4151aac0-d1a5-4781-bd8c-e23d6ee9d7a1 | single |
Which is the treatment of choice for duodenal atresia? | Diamond shaped duodenoduodenostomy is treatment of choice for duodenal atresia. Bishop-koop procedure- used in the management of Meconium Ileus | 1 | Duodenoduodenostomy | Duodenojejunostomy | Bishop-koop procedure | Gastroduodenostomy | Surgery | Stomach & Duodenum | a96b93ab-234b-4378-91ad-e570af80f545 | single |
Which is the COMMONEST type of seizure in newborn? | Essentials of Diagnosis & Typical Features of Neonatal seizures: Usual onset at 12-48 hours. Seizure types include subtle (characterized by variable findings), tonic, and multifocal clonic. Most common causes include hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, intracranial bleeds, and infection. Most common type of seizures is ne... | 4 | Clonic | Tonic | Myoclonic | Subtle | Pediatrics | null | b05c1e7d-4d40-40c3-b7ce-2a4d8b6ff43a | single |
Tetracyclines are not useful for: | (a)chlamydial non specific urethritis(b)lymphogranulima venereum(c)atupical pneumonia(d)cholera(e)brucellosis(f)plague. (g)Relapsing fever*(h) Rickettsial infections: typhus, rocky mountain fever(i)syphilis ESSENTIALS OF MEDICAL PHARMACOLOGY page no.738 | 1 | Trichomonas | Chlamydia | Syphilis | Rickettsia | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy | d0602719-746e-4227-95c0-4695d8ceb49a | single |
Which thyroid malignancy can present with diarrhea? | A patient with a sporadic medullary thyroid cancer typically has one of two manifestations: a palpable mass in the thyroid that is present in most cases and for which a diagnosis can be made with FNA with immunohistochemistry or the finding of an elevated calcitonin level This calcitonin excess may rarely result in sym... | 3 | Papillary carcinoma | Follicular carcinoma | Medullary carcinoma | Huhle cell carcinoma | Surgery | Endocrinology and breast | e821c8ef-a440-488e-86ae-72a7993b6ab5 | single |
Endoscopic biopsy from a case of H. pylori related duodenal ulcer is most likely to reveal: | Ans. (a) Antral predominant gastritis(Ref: Harrison 18th ed: 2458, 17th ed:1870)The most common cause of chronic gastritis- H. pylori QWithin the stomach, H. pylori are most often found in the antrum - antral predominant gastritis Q or type B gastritis Q | 1 | Antral predominant gastritis | Multifocal atrophic gastritis | Acute erosive gastritis | Gastric atrophy | Pathology | G.I.T. | eadab84d-6492-4401-9dbf-fbdcd811fd23 | single |
Longest acting muscle relaxant? | Ans. a. Doxacurium (Ref: Tripathi 6th edition, 345; Lee 12th edition, p. 180-190).Doxacurium is a bisquaternary muscle relaxant having the least rapid onset and the longest action: suitable for longer duration surgeries. It is primarily eliminated by kidney, although hepatic metabolism also occurs. Cardio- vascular chn... | 1 | Doxacurium | Atracurium | Scoline | Vecuronium | Anaesthesia | Muscle Relaxant | 84ba5b7c-d1d7-4d67-8080-14d19b1546cf | single |
Left lobe of the brain is responsible for | Categorial hemisphere (left)- Spoken language, written language, mathematical calculation.
Representational hemisphere (right)- Visuospatial orientation, musical awareness. | 4 | Appreciation of music | Spatial orientation | Visual stimuli processing | Using written and spoken language | Physiology | null | 30a04595-8793-4759-bfca-f128b2710bc3 | single |
Name the person shown here for "Psychoanalysis" | (D) Sigmund Freud # Coining the term "Free Association"; Introduction of "Psycho-Analysis"; 'Oedipus-Complex' and the concept of 'Super ego' were given by Sigmund Freud> Father of Modern Psychiatry is John Weyer> Father of Psychosomatic Medicine is Franz Alexander> The term "Ambivalence" was coined by Eugen Bleuler | 4 | John Weyer | Franz Alexander | Eugen Bleuler | Sigmund Freud | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous | 9a7ebfe0-a9a4-4c51-9f96-5521f1ffd543 | single |
Which of the following antimalarial drug is a slow acting erythrocytic schizonticidal drug for malaria? | Erythrocytic schizonticides may be fast acting or slow acting: Fast acting M - Mefloquine A - Atovaquone C - Chloroquine (and amodiaquine and piperaquine) H - Halofantrine (and lumefant rine) A - Aemisinins R - Res-Q (Quinine) - Slow acting: Proguanil Pyrimethamine Sulfonamides T Tetracyclines Clindamycin | 3 | Aemether | Mefloquine | Pyrimethamine | Quinine | Pharmacology | Anti-Malaria Drugs | d384c276-ed8c-49a4-9a26-b6393e2e758c | single |
Which part of the instrument should remain parallel
(whenever possible) to the long axis of the tooth? | null | 4 | Blade | Cutting edge | Handle | Shank | Dental | null | 34651883-161f-4d64-a495-69f0d5f5b6fb | multi |
Cataract is seen in all except | Rheumatoid ahritis causes thinning and melting of the peripheral cornea and sclerosing keratitis called scleromalcia perforans Refer: Khurana 6th edition page number 198 | 1 | Rheumatoid ahritis | Glucocoicoid admistration | Galactosemia | Hypoparathyroidism | Ophthalmology | Lens | 6a52e320-e8c2-46c4-afd1-c76bbcfd0765 | multi |
Retinitis pigmentosa is a feature of all except | Ans is 'b' i.e. Hallervorden-Spatz disease Retinitis pigmentosa is associated with many systemic conditions. These are important as they may be recognized first by an ophthalmologist.Systemic conditions associated with retinitis pigmentosa (RP)-Bardet-Biedl syndrome: It is characterized principally by retinitis pigment... | 2 | Refsum's disease | Hallervorden-Spatz disease | NARP | Abetalipoproteinemia | Ophthalmology | Retina | 7ab008b0-47e4-4c0d-aab1-ac3e45040a87 | multi |
Short chain fatty acid produced by bacteria are maximally absorbed in: | Increasing attention is being focused on short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that are produced in the colon and absorbed from it. SCFAs are 2–5 carbon weak acids that have an average normal concentration of about 80 mmol/L in the lumen. About 60% of this total is acetate, 25% propionate, and 15% butyrate. They are formed b... | 2 | Duodenum | Colon | Ileum | Jejunum | Physiology | null | 67341851-e409-45ca-8c03-7a6b1db4a046 | multi |
Most common cause of hyperparathyroidism - | null | 3 | Iatrogenic | Medullary carcinoma thyroid | Parathyroid adenoma | Parathyroid hyperplasia | Medicine | null | 64eba595-64fa-4f3d-be98-71b5fa8a3371 | single |
Most common ovarian tumor in less than 20 year age group is : | Germ cell tumour | 2 | Epithelial tumour | Germ cell tumour | Metastatic tumour | Sexcord stromal tumour | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 6579b9e2-1daf-4457-b704-6d21d5e2a976 | single |
Difference in the trajectory between inspiratory and the expiratory loop in the compliance curve is due to: | The difference in the inspiratory and expiratory component exists in compliance curve and it is called hysteresis The difference exists because greater trans pulmonary pressure is required to open a closed airway owing to deficit of the surfactants than to keep an open airway from closing, reflecting abundant surfactan... | 2 | Difference between alveolar pressure during inspiration and expiration | Difference between concentration of the surfactants during inspiration and expiration | Difference in airway resistance during inspiration and expiration | Inspiration is active and expiration is passive | Physiology | Respiratory system | 696983e9-b3b8-4689-b5a8-d5ce1c8e525e | single |
Amplifier host in Japanese encephalitis- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pigs Japanese encephalitis* JE is caused by flavivirus, a group B arbovirus. It is a zoonotic disease infecting mainly animals and incidentally man.* In south, epidemics have occured in Karnataka, Andhra pradesh, Tamil-Nadu and Kerala. Now Gorakhpur district of U.P. contributes largest number of cases... | 2 | Horse | Pigs | Dogs | Monkey | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable Diseases | 976e5dd6-47b6-4609-aac4-a18560f5f5a1 | single |
Which of the following general anaesthetics has poor muscle relaxant action? | (Ref: KDT 6/e p371) Nitrous oxide is not a complete anaesthetic (MAC 104%). It is a good analgesic but poor muscle relaxant. | 2 | Ether | Nitrous oxide | Halothane | Isoflurane | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects | 819d3b48-70af-430f-a783-d8f6afc5818f | single |
Pale infarcts seen in A/E- | . Lung | 4 | Kidney | Spleen | Hea | Lung | Pathology | null | eaf688a5-db02-431d-a070-3bc145806fe8 | single |
Antibody in Goodpasture syndrome: | Ans. (b) Anti GBM antibodyRef.: Harrison 18th edition, Chapter 283* Patients who develop autoantibodies directed against glomerular basement antigens frequently develop a glomerulonephritis termed antiglomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease. When they present with lung hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis, they ha... | 2 | Lupus anticoagulant | Anti-GBM antibody | Anti-Ro antibody | Anti- mitochondrial antibody | Medicine | Glomerular Diseases | 0217aa1e-d616-4c25-88f1-74fc32054edc | single |
Which antigen is not of prognostic significance in carcinoma breast | The presence of hormone receptors confers a slightly better prognosis.The highest rate of response (approximately 80%) to antiestrogen therapy (oophorectomy or tamoxifen) is seen in women whose tumor cells express both estrogen and progesterone receptors Overexpression of HER2/NEU:Overexpression of this membrane-bound ... | 2 | Her 2 neu | Epithelial membrane antigen | ER | PR | Pathology | Breast | 1e346bff-b901-4d2f-a847-cf321ad377cd | single |
Commonest cause of intestinal obstruction in Down syndrome is: | c. Duodenal atresia(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 610-615, Ghai 8/e p 637-639)Most common cause of Intestinal obstruction in Down's syndrome is duodenal atresia. | 3 | Colonic atresia | Intestinal atresia | Duodenal atresia | Esophageal atresia | Pediatrics | Genetics And Genetic Disorders | d72e8fc4-7348-4ec4-b0e7-5818d5564f64 | single |
AUER rods seen in ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., M3 AML Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) AML is a cancer of myeloid line of WBCs, characterized by the rapid proliferation of abnormal cells which accumulate in the bone marrow and interfere with the production of normal blood cells. AML is the most common acute leukemia affecting adults. The diagnosis... | 2 | M1 AML | M3 AML | M6 AML | ALL | Pathology | null | 972125c5-5dd0-4bc2-8a35-809442f97cab | multi |
Formula of hydroxyapatite crystal is | null | 2 | Ca3 (Po4)2. CaCo3 | 3Ca(Po4)2. Ca(OH)2 | CaPo4. Ca(OH)2 | None of the above | Dental | null | e09f4cb8-dfb0-48d6-8f76-f4cdf90f4198 | multi |
Secondary osteosarcoma are associated with - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Paget's disease Causes of secondary osteosarcomao Pagets Diseaseo Fibrous dysplasiao Radiationo Enchondromatosiso Hereditary multiple exostosiso Chronic osteomyelitiso Bone infarction | 1 | Paget's disease | Osteogenesis imperfecta | Melhoreostosis | Ankylosing spondylitis | Orthopaedics | Metabolic Disorders Leading to Osteosclerosis | c35cd29f-ca04-40b8-94f6-40265122649a | single |
Which pa of the fallopian tube is the most common site for female tubal sterilization? | Most common site for female tubal sterilization is isthmus. Isthmus is the pa of the fallopian tube which is cut or sealed in a tubal ligation or sterilization procedure. In the bipolar electrocoagulation technique, the mid isthmic poion of the tube is grasped and radiofrequency electric current is applied to three adj... | 3 | Cornua | Ampulla | Isthmus | Infundibulum | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | ab8a8989-242b-4663-80d0-a0e0fe4e46cc | multi |
IVC obstruction presents with | IVC obstruction presents with Thoraco epigastric dilation Blockade of IVC causes a communication between SVC & IVC by azygos vein due to which blood from IVC enters the SVC. A communication also sets up b/w superior and inferior epigastric vein in the rectus sheath which drains into Brachiocephalic vein Internal thorac... | 4 | Esophageal varices | Haemorrhoids | Para-umbilical dilatation | Thoraco-epigastric dilatation | Anatomy | Thorax- wall and Bronchopulmonary segment | daf1c228-90fc-48dc-a53f-25492ef74851 | single |
The extraction of which of the following is most
difficult in maxillary arch | null | 2 | Lateral incisor | First premolar | Second premolar | Canine | Surgery | null | 5ce10e8f-4373-430a-8f2e-8ee2943b36c8 | single |
Vocal cord palsy in thyroid surgery is due to injury to | Reccurent laryngeal nerve injury is classically described as a paralyzed vocal cord with loss of movement from the midline (supplies all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, except cricothyroid muscles). Injury to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve leads to loss of tension in the vocal cord (supplies c... | 2 | Superficial laryngeal nerve | Recurrent laryngeal nerve | Ansa cervicalis | Vagus nerve | Surgery | Endocrinology and breast | 5c995de7-39e3-4ceb-8453-00476bf8ad27 | single |
Nerve damaged in radical mastiodectomy is: | Complications of mastoid surgery- Total hearing loss/dead ear Facial palsy (rare) | 1 | Facial | Chochlear | Vestibular | All | ENT | null | 25cf568f-a138-4232-a9b9-ef5e5946194b | multi |
False with regard to permanent teeth is: TN 08 | Ans. Dentigerous cyst is common in canines | 2 | Molars erupt around 6 years | Dentigerous cyst is common in canines | There are 16 permanent teeth at the age of 10 years | 3rd molars eruption is variable | Forensic Medicine | null | 9c91ef4a-7878-4f16-a71a-36cf7261c33d | multi |
Mad cow disease is due to – | Mad cow disease or bovine spongiform encephalopathy i.e. Caused by “prions”
“PRIONS” are unconventional transmissible agents, proteinaceous in nature.”
Diseases caused by prions are
Kuru
Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease.
Gerstmann Straussler Scheinker Syndrome
Fatal Familial Insomnia.
Scrapie Of Sheep
Transmissible Encephalop... | 1 | Slow virus | Mycoplasma | Bacteria | Fungus | Microbiology | null | da8b77c2-2331-4649-9347-db27659cbc14 | single |
Which of the following drugs is to be discontinued on the day of surgery | Metformin If the patient is taking an oral hypoglycemic agent preoperatively the drug can be continued until the day of surgery, but sulfonylureas and nzetfornzin should not be used 24-48 h before surgery beause of their long half-lives. Patients with type 11 diabetes mellitus should be stopped oral hypoglycemics sever... | 3 | Atenolol | Amlodipine | Metformin | Statins | Pharmacology | null | 386c83b7-9c20-46e4-b269-7fbc698bbf11 | single |
In a normal distribution curve, the True statement is | Ans. is 'd' Mean = Mode The standard normal curve is a smooth bell shaped, perfectly symmetrical curveThe total area of the curve is 1. *Its mean is zero*Its standard deviation is 1 *The mean, median and mode all coincide. * | 4 | Mean = SD | Median=SD | Mean = 2 Median | Mean = Mode | Social & Preventive Medicine | Measures of Central Tendency and Distribution | 6e59ddfd-877e-4817-b21a-96d6c0e3e61c | multi |
Treatment of chronic cholecystitis - | Elective Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for chronic cholecystitis. Patients should be advised to avoid dietary fats and large meals while awaiting surgery. But diabetic patients with chronic cholecystitis should have a cholecystectomy promptly as they are at higher risk for acute cholecystitis ... | 1 | Cholecystectomy | Choledochocystectomy | Choledochocytostomy | Conservative | Anatomy | G.I.T | a3330e29-beb7-477a-ad45-fdfded84c045 | single |
Most common missing tooth in the permanent dentition is: | null | 3 | Maxillary canine | Maxillary first molar | Mandibular second premolar | Mandibular first molar | Pathology | null | 68ededd9-4cf2-4135-8008-8b66a52dc722 | single |
Most abundant in bone | Hydroxyproline is catabolized more or less similar to proline. It is confer strength to fibrous proteins like collagen , elastin, keratin.etc.In vitamin C deficiency hydroxyproline synthesis is reduced , causing strength of fibers , leading to scurvy. The excretion of hydroxyproline in urine is increased in tumours inf... | 2 | Alanine | Hydroxyproline | Lysine | Arginine | Biochemistry | Structure and function of protein | 8b259223-8bd9-4cea-824c-c00711fe642f | single |
Which is not a peptide hormone? | Somatostatin is a polypeptide hormone. | 2 | Somatostatin | Serotonin | Neuropeptide | Enkephalin | Physiology | null | 4b7b376f-5037-461c-b772-b3ec54f20cdc | single |
A 40-year-old man with Alport syndrome presents with a 3-month history of headaches. His blood pressure is 165/100 mm Hg. A urinalysis shows 3+ proteinuria and 2+ hematuria. Laboratory studies disclose elevated levels of BUN (48 mg/dL) and creatinine (3.6 mg/dL). This patient's renal disease is caused by mutation in a ... | Hereditary nephritis (Alport syndrome) reflects abnormal type IV collagen in the glomerular basement membrane. The syndrome is a proliferative and sclerosing glomerular disease, often accompanied by defects of the ear or the eyes, which is caused by a genetic abnormality in type IV collagen. Hematuria is present early ... | 1 | Collagen | Entactin | Fibrillin | Fibronectin | Pathology | Kidney | 2ac7dbb9-a098-44e1-80dc-612b4e31cd39 | single |
In a patient who has diarrhoea and vomiting with inadequate water intake is suffering from- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Extracellular dehydration with hyponatremia o Extracellular fluid consists of Interstitial (intercellular fluid) Circulating blood Intestinal fluids and secretions o Intracellular fluid consists of fluid present within the cells. o Loss of fluid in diarrhoea and vomiting comes from extracellular fluid... | 3 | Intracellular dehydration with hypernatremia | Intracellular dehydration with hyponatremia | Extracellular dehydration with hyponatremia | Extracellular dehydration with hypernatremia | Pediatrics | null | 1d9f1b64-aef2-47d7-b8cb-adc3749fa2ee | single |
By definition, granulomas are composed of: | Granulomatous inflammation is characterized by the presence of granulomas, which by definition are aggregates of activated macrophages (epithelioid cells). | 4 | Cholesterol clefts | Collagen | Endothelial cells and fibroblasts | Epithelioid cells | Pathology | null | c698f890-9fc5-43e1-a494-574155036edc | single |
A lady presents with complaints of dysnea. Pulse rate is 70/min while BP=110/70 mm Hg. On examination there is an early-diastolic murmur. CXR is given here. Diagnosis of the patient is? | The striking feature in this chest X-ray is the remarkably prominent main pulmonary aery segment (MPA), which appears to be dilated. This X-ray also shows a prominent right atrial contour, indicating right atrial dilatation as a consequence of pulmonary hypeension and right ventricular hyperophy. In view of prominent p... | 1 | Pulmonary aery hypeension | Pulmonary venous hypeension | Valvular lesion of left side of hea | Congestive hea failure | Medicine | Hypeension | 98d90b01-122d-478f-ae7d-50730bbce320 | single |
ranulomatous mastitis is caused by all except - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Staphylococcus Granulomatous mastitis Granulomatous inflammation is present in less than I% of all breast biopsy specimens. The causes include systemic granulomatous disease (e.g., Wegener granulomatosis or sarcoidosis) that occasionally involve the breast, and granulomatous infections caused by mycob... | 3 | TB | Fungus | Staphylococcus | Antibodies to milk antigens | Pathology | null | d4bb7ba3-e9c0-4ef4-989a-0bf9f8244dfb | multi |
The investing layer of deep cervical fascia splits to enclose all of the following, except: | The investing layer of deep cervical fascia splits to enclose:
Muscles—trapezius and sternocleidomastoid.
Salivary glands— parotid and submandibular glands.
Spaces— suprasternal and supraclavicular spaces. | 2 | Parotid and submandibular glands | Sternocleidomastoid and vertebral arteries | Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles | Suprasternal and supraclavicular spaces | Anatomy | null | 954a11e4-4a00-417e-81ae-473be5a146ce | multi |
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