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In vitamin B12 deficiency, folate is trapped in the form of | Methylation of homocysteine to methionine is the only way of regeneration of active THFA from methyl THFA. Methionine synthase reaction requires methyl cobalamin. So, deficiency of methyl-B12 leads to trapping of THFA in less utilised methyl-THFA - phenomenon known as folate trap. | 3 | Formyl THFA | Methenyl THFA | Methyl-THFA | Methylene-THFA | Biochemistry | Vitamins and Minerals | 7ad9dbcd-177a-477d-9b82-cecbed8924b5 | single |
Dome shaped centrally umbilicated papules seen in | null | 1 | Molluscum contagiosum | Small pox | Chicken pox | Measles | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 0385b5ca-6347-400a-b49e-362483215852 | multi |
Muscle relaxant safe in renal failure patient is: September 2008 | Ans. D: Atracurium Suxamethonium should be avoided if hyperkalaemia is present. Some non-depolarising muscle relaxants depend on the kidney for elimination. Atracuriuin is the agent of choice as it undergoes spontaneous Hoffman degradation at body temperature. Vecuronium and mivacurium are safe to use in renal failure ... | 4 | Pancuronium | Piperacuronium | Curare | Atracurium | Pharmacology | null | 4535dee3-1348-40ca-b8c4-6565a38cc6a7 | single |
Risk of the damage of fetus by maternal rubella is maximum if mother gets infected in- | <p>congenital rubella syndrome:- Refers to infants born with defects secondary to intrauterine infection or who manifest symptoms or signs of intrauterine infection sometime after bih. Congenital infection is considered to have occurred if the infant has IgM antibodies sholy after bih.( as IgM antibodies do not cross p... | 1 | 6-12 weeks of pregnancy | 20-24 weeks of pregnancy | 21-25 weeks of pregnancy | 32-36 weeks of pregnancy | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases | adbece99-8dc7-4ee1-86ed-42e30a3c667e | single |
Most common cancer of anus: | Ans. (b) Squamous cell CARef: Sabiston 19th ed. /1405-06B CARCINOMA ANAL CANAL* Carcinomas arising proximal to the (dentate line) pectinate line are known as basaloid,cuboidal, or cloacogenic tumors; about one-third of anal cancers have this histologic pattern.* Malignancies arising distal to the pectinate line have sq... | 2 | Adenocarcinoma | Squamous cell CA | Basal cell CA | Melanoma | Surgery | Neoplastic Disorders | 23df2910-c97d-4f4a-83b4-6a822d25c59c | single |
Which of the following is used in prophylaxis of Meningococcus? | Rifampicine is used in chemoprophylaxis but penicillin may be used to treat cases. Rifampicin is the prophylactic antibiotic of choice for contacts of patients with meningococcal disease. Ceftriaxone should only be used in specific situations where rifampicin is considered unsuitable, such as in pregnancy. Rifampicin, ... | 1 | Rifampicin | Erythromycin | Penicillin | Tetracycline | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | c77a424b-58dc-4333-aa72-b685ca64d58f | single |
Recovery in cataract surgery is fastest with which of the following? | . | 3 | ICCE | ECCE | Phaco emulsification | ECCE with IOL | Ophthalmology | All India exam | bac0f3cf-fdc8-4dd7-92ab-530e2e317e46 | single |
The most effective noninvasive test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter-associated gastric ulcers is | H. pylori antigen tests using an ELISA format and a monoclonal antibody to H. pylori are as sensitive as culture of the control portion of the stomach. Urea breath tests are also widely used. H. pylori has an active enzyme (urease) which breaks down radioactive urea. The patient releases radioactive CO2 if H. pylori ar... | 1 | Detection of H. pylori antigen in stool | Growth of H. pylori from a stomach biopsy | Growth of H. pylori in the stool | IgM antibodies to H. pylori | Microbiology | Bacteria | 987b6606-bb72-4e0f-8920-b4ebbc2ff10e | single |
Early postoperative complications of tracheostomy are all, except | null | 4 | Apnoea | Haemorrhage | Pneumomediastinum | Tracheal stenosis | Surgery | null | 7b3f8bd0-feca-4755-abb3-59cb97167fdb | multi |
Which polyp has got the maximum risk of turning into malignancy ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Tubular villous adenomaNon-Neoplastic Polyps PolypsLocationHistologicaltypeRisk ofmalignancyAssociatedlesionsHyperplastic polypsColonHyperplastic colonicepithilial cellsRare Juvenile polypsLarge and smallintestine and stomachHamaomasRareoPigmentation in mouthPeutz-jegherssyndromeJejunum (mainly)rest o... | 3 | Pseudopolyp | Hyperplastic polyp | Tubular villous adenomas (multiple) | Adenomatous polyps | Pathology | null | d6b39695-7e53-4d5e-b498-0f7689629c85 | single |
All are true about drug induced lupus, EXCEPT: | DRUG INDUCED LUPUS: Symptoms are Fever, malaise, ahritis or intense ahralgias/myalgias, serositis, and/or rash. ANA will be positive Less female predilection than SLE, rarely involves kidneys or brain. It is rarely associated with anti-dsDNA Antibodies to histones positive Resolves over several weeks after discontinuat... | 3 | ANA positivity | Rarely involves kidneys | Anti ds- DNA will be positive | Resolves after discontinuation of drugs | Medicine | null | f210010e-f034-4bbf-8096-4c5e0112fb18 | multi |
Alpha wave on EEG represent | null | 2 | Awake and fully alert | Awake with eyes closed with mind wandering | Awake with eyes open | Deep sleep | Psychiatry | null | 9d5fdd56-feef-451b-a6ec-11954a73efe8 | single |
Which of the following drug is preferred for skin rash in LE? | Ans. c. ChloroquineChloroquine (Antimalarial drug) act as a systemic sunscreen by providing photoprotection. So used as prophylactic agent in LE. | 3 | Steroids | Aspirin | Chloroquine | Azathioprine | Skin | Photosensitive Disorders | 3d8e2003-7498-45e2-bdc9-b9dd5943fa6a | single |
Position of internal hemorrhoid in anus is especially common in | Answer- B. 11 0' clock positionInternal hemorrhoids characteristically lie in 3, 7 and 11 o'clock positions. | 2 | 4 0' clock position | 11 0' clock position | 8 0' clock position | 9 0' clock position | Surgery | null | 36d24a17-3e70-4c5f-9bde-3c4c085d2650 | multi |
Allosteric inhibition of an enzyme is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Binding of inhibitor to other site and inhibition of enzyme o Some enzymes, called allosteric enzymes, posses a site, in addition to substrate binding (catalytic) site, known as the allosteric site.o Binding of allosteric modulator at the allosteric site affects the conformation of catalytic site,o Su... | 2 | Binding of inhibitor to catalytic site and inhibition of enzyme | Binding of inhibitor to other site and inhibition of enzyme | Inhibition of enzyme by inhibitors without binding to enzyme | Inactivation by phosphorylation or dephosphorylation | Biochemistry | Enzyme Specificity and Allosteric Regulation | f0e34e9e-53ed-40f5-8012-58b7779bbf5c | multi |
Aplastic anemia can progress to -a) AMLb) Myelodysplastic anemiac) Pure red cell aplasiad) Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuriae) Myelofibrosis | Aplastic anemia is a pancytopenia with bone marrow hypocellularity. It can progress to –
Paroxysmal Nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Myelodysplastic anemia
Rarely acute leukemia
Pure red cell aplasia is a selective disease of absence of erythrocyte progenitor cells. In contrast to aplastic anemia and MDS, the unaffected line... | 3 | acd | bcd | abd | ab | Pathology | null | a7d14c1d-88ba-47e4-812c-d36c7f444ad8 | single |
Which of the following tests is not used for detection of specific aneuploidy: | D i.e. Microarray - FISH (Fluorescent in situ hybridisation) and PCR (polymerase chain reaction) like -PCR and QF PCR tests can detect specific anemploidyQ. - Whereas, microarray based CGH (comparative genomic hybridization) test can be used as high resolution whole genome scan for the detection or screening of unknown... | 4 | FISH | #NAME? | QF-PCR | Microarray | Medicine | null | 310ab574-c190-4201-a709-04378f934a1d | single |
Akinetic mutism is seen in lesion of which of the following lobes? | Ans. D. Frontala. Akinetic mutism is a condition in which patient neither moves (akinesia) nor speak (mutism).b. It is the result of severe frontal lobe injury in which the pattern of inhibitory control is one of increasing passivity and gradually decreasing speech and motion. | 4 | Parietal | Temporal | Occipital | Frontal | Medicine | C.N.S. | aa830765-6148-4dd0-ae69-5988d8e972e8 | single |
The most malignant endometrial carcinoma is : | Ans. is d i.e. Clear cell carcinoma Endometrial cancers can be histologically classified as : Features Type I 'Type II Unopposed estrogen Present Absent Menopausal status Pre-and perimenopausal Postmenopausal Hyperplasia Present Balck Race White Black Grade Low High Myometrial invasion Minimal Deep Specific subtypes En... | 4 | Adenocarcinoma | Adenoacanthoma | Mixed adenosquamous carcinoma | Clear cell carcinoma | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 960b0674-8034-42fe-a17d-600eb0c7ca6b | single |
Volume determining preload is: | A i.e End diastolic volume of ventricles According to frank-starling law, the length of muscle fibers (extent of the pre-load) is propoionate to the end diastolic volumeQ | 1 | End diastolic volume of ventricles | Endo systolic volume | Volume of blood in aoa | Ventricular ejection volume | Physiology | null | 4b8457ec-ce2f-492a-a890-cc453329e263 | single |
Treatment of choice for severe falciparum malaria is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., IV aesunate Treatment of falciparum malaria o Aimisinin derivatives are the drug of choice for any type of falciparum malaria i) Uncomplicated ii) Complicated/severe/cerebral o Amongst aimisinin derivatives, aesunate is the DOC. o Other drugs used for severe/complicated/cerebral falciparm malaria : Ae... | 2 | Chloroquine | IV aesunate | IV quinine | IV quinidine | Pharmacology | null | ffc19a8e-0a99-4db8-888f-7b35b81c0d2f | single |
Second molar erupts at : | B i.e. 12 years | 2 | 6 years | 12 years | 18 to 22 years | 25 to 28 years | Forensic Medicine | null | 9f0bc0db-aec5-4ce7-9d4f-dd9d826a8416 | single |
True colour of cholesterol stone is | Cholesterol stones Cholesterol stone contains almost entirely cholesterol It is often solitary, pale and yellow in colour Ref: Sabiston 20th edition Pgno :1492 | 4 | Black | Brown | Dark yellow | Pale yellow | Anatomy | G.I.T | 876ac454-c6e0-4c25-8b07-8056200457f5 | multi |
A patient undergoes thyroid surgery, following which he develops perioral tingling. Blood Ca is 8.9 meq; Next step is - | null | 2 | Vit D orally | Oral Ca and vit D | Intravenous calcium gluconate and serial monitoring | Wait for Ca to decrease to < 7.0 before taking further action. | Surgery | null | c2b5a265-1935-4c99-b86b-d0d3bbeac4c8 | multi |
Which of the following syndrome shows triad of telangiectasia, recurrent epistaxis, a positive family history for the disorder: | null | 2 | Hodgkin's disease. | Osler-Weber-Rendu. | Sturge weber syndrome. | null | Pathology | null | 841a3a83-003f-48f6-80ef-579d203a42f3 | multi |
The enzyme not present in the skeletal muscles : | D i.e. Glucose -6 - phosphataseThe role of glycogen in liver is to provide free glucose for expo to maintain the blood glucose level; whereas in muscles the role of glycogen is to provide a source of glucose-6-PO4 for glycolysis (to supply ATP for muscle contraction).This difference of fate of glycogen in liver & muscl... | 4 | Creatinine phosphokinase | Hexokinase | Phosphofructokinase | Glucose 6 phosphatase | Biochemistry | null | bb6e0888-a1d6-47a0-bdae-ce8fadcaab74 | single |
Zavenelli&;s manoeuver done in: | Entrapment of aftercoming head This complication is usually seen with preterm delivery as the incompletely dilated cervix constricts aruond the neck .Duhurssen&;s incisions can be placed over the cervix avoiding the 3 and 9 o&;clock positions .other alternatives are intravenous nitroglycerin for cervical dilatation.Gen... | 1 | Shoulder dystocia | Deep transverse arrest | Retained placenta | Face presentation | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Abnormal labor | c674009f-274e-4ea7-9826-84ee38dcf315 | single |
All the following is characteristic of uncompetitive inhibition except | An uncompetitive inhibitor binds at a site distinct from the substrate active site and, unlike a competitive inhibitor, binds only to the ES complex. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed | 2 | Inhibitor is not a substrate analogue | Inhibitor binds to the active site | Inhibitor binds to the ES complex | Vmax and Km decreased | Pharmacology | All India exam | 809b7f8f-4d6f-45b6-9b20-805665b038cb | multi |
When working with condensation silicone impression material, it is advisable to pour the cast | null | 1 | Immediately | After 1 hour | After 4 hours | After 24 hours | Dental | null | 969b129b-3eab-460e-a5e2-1f0e4b11a679 | single |
Most common lesion assoasiated with pathological fractures in hand is | Majority of the pathological fractures are caused by Enchondromas Refer Management of hand fractures | 1 | Enchondroma | Metastases | Osteoid sarcoma | Osteochondroma | Anatomy | Skeletal infections | af090e7d-44ed-46be-bc6f-faefcc9505b4 | single |
Allosteric stimulator of glycogen synthase - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Glucose-6-phosphate [Ref Harper 29th/e p. 182 & 28th/e p. | 3 | AMP | Insulin | Glucose-6-phosphate | Glucose | Biochemistry | null | 51bba742-1eab-41dd-be29-5a3c7f7c7c69 | multi |
Why is Glucose-6-phosphate is not acted upon by Glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme in cytoplasm, even if glycogen synthesis and breakdown takes place in the same cell, having an enzymes present in cytoplasm. | Glycogen synthesis as well as breakdown both occurs in cytoplasm But the last step of breakdown of glycogen in liver i.e. glucose -6-phosphate to glucose formation occurs in endoplasmic reticulum and not in cytoplasm, as glucose-6-phosphatase is present in the membrane of endoplasmic reticulum. | 2 | Stearic inhibition of phosphatase by albumin | Glucose-6-phosphatase is present in endoplasmic reticulum while glycogen metabolism occurs in the cytoplasm | It is thermodynamically ble only when gluconeogenesis is occurring | Require protein kinase for its activation | Biochemistry | Glycogen | 66d17355-3e18-4539-a614-c0da37837a27 | multi |
All of the following are adverse effects of sodium valproate except: | *Osteomalacia is not a side effect of sodium valproate. However, Phenytoin on the other hand can cause this problem. *Other side effects include weight gain, tremors, fulminant hepatitis and polycystic ovarian disease. REF: GOODMAN AND GILLMAN 13TH ED. | 4 | Weight gain | Alopecia | Liver damage | Osteomalacia | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system | 059b5e29-e74e-412a-9e9d-25a31fd6371a | multi |
Aeroplane splint is used in - | Aeroplane splint is used for brachial plexus injury. Cock - up splint for Radial nerve palsy. Knuckle - bender splint for ulnar nerve palsy. Milwaukee or Boston brace for scoliosis. REF:Essential ohopaedics- 5th edn- pg no 25. | 3 | Radial nerve injury | Ulnar nerve injury | Brachial plexus injury | Scoliosis | Orthopaedics | Management in Orthopedics | bd9cd174-307b-4352-9341-15ef5c761ee4 | single |
Drug of choice for falciparum malaria in endemic area- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Artemisinin Diagnosis 8c Treatment of malaria* All fever cases should be investigated for malaria either by microscopy or by Rapid diagnostic Test (RDT) for both vivax & falciparum, i.e., combo RDT (bivalent RDT).* Further treatment is as follows: -1) For plasmodium vivax3 days chlorquine plus 14 days... | 1 | Artemisinin | Chloroquine | Mefloquine | Halofantrine | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable Diseases | 02174b40-16dd-46a9-9b61-25089bcca7d8 | single |
True about insulin is | Insulin is a polypeptide hormone, secreted by b cells in the islets of Langerhans, which promotes glucose use, protein synthesis, and the formation and storage of neutral lipids; available in various preparations including genetically engineered human insulin, which is currently ored. Insulin is used parenterally in th... | 4 | Anabolic steroid | Induce lipolysis | Produced by a-cells | null | Physiology | Endocrinology | ba8308f7-e773-4396-912b-4bf9c37c7aac | multi |
Which type of amyloidosis is caused by mutations of the transthyretin protein | Ref Robbins 8/e p253;9/e p259 Familial (Hereditary) Amyloidosis A variety of familial forms of amyloidosis have been described; most are rare and occur in limited geographic areas. The best-characterized is an autosomal recessive condition called familial Mediterranean fever. This is a febrile disorder characterized by... | 2 | Familial Mediterranean fever | Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy | Dialysis associated amyloidosis | Prion protein associated amyloidosis | Anatomy | General anatomy | 69880777-cba7-4acd-89e2-2258c086036d | single |
A 43-year-old 190 cm man post a flight to Chennai presents with left-sided chest discomfo and dyspnoea. On chest X-ray, there is a small area devoid of lung markings in the apex of the left lung. Diagnosis is? | 1. 190 cm man- Marfan syndrome 2. Devoid of lung margin, absent breath sounds- Pneumothorax 3. Aoic dissection- typical interscapular severe pain 4. Acute Cor pulmonary ruled out there is no history of ohopedic implant surgery, long flight | 1 | Spontaneous pneumothorax | Myocardial infarction | Acute cor- pulmonale | Aoic dissection | Medicine | Pneumothorax | 0c7e6eac-87c3-473a-9fad-e1cf0d57effa | multi |
Which of the following steps has proven benefit in decreasing puerperal infection following cesarean section? | Prophylactic antibiotics for the cesarean section have been conclusively proven to be beneficial.The first dose is administered at clamping and at least 2 more doses given 8th hourly intravenously in elective cases. Single-dose prophylaxis has been recommended by the ACOG. Both ampicillin and first-generation cephalosp... | 3 | Non closure of peritoneum | Single layer uterine closure | Administration of single dose of ampicillin or 1st generation cephalosporin at the time of cesarean | Skin closure with staples than with suture | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics | ba47a89b-9ebe-4ab2-93c5-f7c77f62fb91 | multi |
Tryptophan is glucogenic & ketogenic by producing - | Ans. is 'a* i.e^ Acetyl CoA & alanineo Tryptophan is metabolized to aeetyl-CoA which is ketogenic and also produces alanine which enters into gluconeogenesisMetabolism of tryptophano Tryptophan is an essential amino acidr, containing indol ring0. Tryptophan is oxidized to produce alanine (which is glucogenic) and acety... | 1 | Acetyl Co A & alanine | Acetoacetate & fumarate | Acetoacetate & arginine | Arginine & alanine | Biochemistry | Amino Acids Basics | 03f2466b-a6f0-4139-8453-b684f1b81293 | single |
Indications of circumicision are all except ? | Ans. is none Circumcision is indicated for Ca penis involving the prepuce only. | 4 | Chronic balanoposthitis | Jew religion | Carcinoma penis | null | Surgery | null | d6058070-38bf-4bf9-821d-a62a42609eb4 | multi |
Which of the following is true of the rotator cuff? | b. Suprascapular nerve innervates both supraspinatus and infraspinatus. Explanationsa. Four muscles of rotator cuff are Supraspinatus Greater tuberosity Infraspinatus Greater tuberosity Teres minor Greater tuberosity Subscapularis Lesser tuberosity c. Rotator cuff provides stability to shoulder joint - pull the humeral... | 2 | Teres major is one of its four constituent muscles. | The infraspinatus is innervated by the suprascapular nerve. | Pa of its action is to pull the humeral head superiorly. | Subscapularis inses onto the greater tuberosity of the humerus. | Anatomy | Upper limb bones and muscles (proximal region) & Scapular movements | 828e6d0e-5ae3-4f05-bd3d-2cfce743ca30 | multi |
A female has previous child with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. In the present pregnancy, steroid therapy should be staed - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., As soon as pregnancy is diagnosed o Recommendations for pregnancies ar risk of CAH consists of administration of dexamethasone (20 mg/kg). It staed by 6 weeks of gestation, this ameliorates the virilization of the external genitilia in affected females chrionic villus sampling is then performed to det... | 4 | After karyotyping and determination of sex of the baby | At the time of delivery | Before conception | As soon as pregnancy is diagnosed | Pediatrics | null | ae39b3c0-1160-4d7a-8efa-e9ad3b37cde1 | single |
Which of the following is not true about amoebiasis? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Abscess due to suppuration Amebic liver abscess o Pus in amoebic liver abscess is not due to suppuration, but is a mixture of sloughed liver tissue and blood. o It is chocolate brown in colour and thick in consistency (anchovy sauce pus) o In the tropics 2-10% of the individuals infected with entamoeb... | 3 | ALA in 10% causes in tropics | Poal system efficient filter | Abscess due to suppuration | Abscess wall good for culture | Pathology | null | 7e212092-fe24-47b7-8c1e-638d8e264de4 | multi |
Overactive nodule, which takes up isotope while the surrounding gland does not, is known as: | null | 1 | Hot nodule. | Warm nodule. | Cold nodule. | All of the above. | Surgery | null | 2fc49abe-1e02-42db-8432-20f645f2489b | multi |
A patient with recurrent bacterial infections is diagnosed to have a genetic deficiency in myeloper-oxidase. The cause of increased susceptibility to infections is - | Harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th edition. the mechanism of microbicidal killing is by oxidative damage by the production of reactive oxygen metabolites. NADPH Oxidase present in the cell membrane of phagosome reduced oxygen to super oxide ion. Superoxide is subsequently conveed to hydrogen peroxide. MPO acts on hyd... | 3 | Defective neutrophil degranulation | Defective production of prostaglandins | An inability to produce hydroxyhalide radicals | Decreased oxygen consumption after phagocytosis | Pathology | General pathology | e5d4e90d-c53d-4207-afbb-908d6cd1b554 | single |
Which of following channel play a role in CSF formation? | K+-cl- exchanger helps in creating osmotic gradiant Ref gk pal pg no 1156 | 1 | Cl-and k+exchanger | Na+symoper | K+channel | Cl- channel | Physiology | Nervous system | dd6062cb-9055-433b-b29e-935cf0182388 | single |
In bronchial asthma the mechanism of action of corticosteroids is : | null | 4 | Relax airway smooth muscle directly | Inhibits mast cell deregulation | Inhibits adenosine receptors | Inhibits lymphocytic eosinophilic mucosal inflammation | Pharmacology | null | 19155be1-bd08-45da-9f06-84065e0989d9 | single |
Odontoid view is | (C) Open mouth view# AP open mouth projection of the odontoid peg can be troublesome. The main difficulty arises from the fine line between successful positioning and unsuccessful positioning.> There are a number of objectives when performing the AP open mouth odontoid peg view superimpose the outer table of the occipu... | 3 | Anteroposterior view | Posteroanterior view | Open mouth view | Lateral view | Radiology | Miscellaneous | fe86cc3c-5500-478c-8c85-2bec7af06a16 | single |
Eyelid drooping is / are seen in a) Damage to edinger - westphal nucleus b) Damage to motor part of facial nerve c) Damage to sympathetic nerve supply d) Damage to motor root of occulomotor nerve e) Damage to lacrimal nerve | Neurogenic ptosis occurs due to damage to 3rd (oculomotor nerve) supplying the LPS and sympathetic nerves supplying the muller's muscle.
It is worth noting that Edinger- Westphal nucleus is an accessory parasympathetic nucleus for oculomotor nerve and carries general visceral efferent fibres for pupillary constrictor (... | 3 | ad | ab | cd | bd | Ophthalmology | null | 0cb3991f-860a-417a-8c3d-d9e8292d23c3 | single |
Heller's myotomy is done for: | Ans. b. AchalasiaRef: Bailey and Loves Short Practice of Surgery 27th Ed; Page No-1098ACHALASIAMotility disorder of the esophagus characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and loss of peristalsis in the distal two-thirds of the esophagus.Etiology: Degeneration of the inhibitory neuron... | 2 | Zenker's diverticulum | Achalasia | GERD | Duodenal .stenosis | Surgery | Oesophagus | 32a165da-557b-4eb1-baea-c7dbb2bf0a16 | single |
depression with reverse vegetative symptoms is treated with MAOIMAOI | MAOI * IMPOANCE First class of antidepressant drugs that were introduced * MECHANISM There are three monoamines namely dopamine, adrenaline and serotonin. These mon amines are degraded by monoamine oxidase. MAOI inhibit this enzyme and acts increasing monoamines * DRUGS Phenelezine Tranylcipromine * USE ATYPICAL DEPRES... | 1 | MAOI | SSRI | NDRI | SNRI | Anatomy | Pharmacotherapy in psychiatry | b68ab6f0-ca94-4f48-94b5-fa8142649f3b | single |
Which of the following is not a premalignant condition oral cancer- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Systemic Sclerosis Lesions with increased risk of malignancy in oral cancero Premalignant condition:- Leukoplakia, Erythroplakia, Speckled erythroplakia, chronic hyperplastic candidiasiso Conditions increasing risk:- Oral submucous fibrosis, syphilitic glossitis, sideropenic dysphagia (Peterson Kelly ... | 4 | Leukoplakia | Erythroplakia | Oral submucous fibrosis | Systemic Sclerosis | ENT | Oral Cavity | 424ae6cd-4028-46bb-91c4-b1a8238503f7 | single |
Most common cause of hyperparathyroidism is- | a single abnormal gland is the cause in 80% of patients , abnormality is usually beningn ( Harrison 17 pg 2380) | 1 | Solitary adenoma | Chief cell hyperplasia | Multiple adenoma | Werner's syndrome | Medicine | Endocrinology | 4cfc5de2-24a1-498c-810c-d50bdf2b5c45 | single |
Risk factor of CA cervix ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., SmokingRisk Factors associated with carcinoma cervix are as follows :?HPV infection - HPV 16: Squamous cell carcinoma, HPV 18: Adenocarcinoma o Early coitarcheIncreased parityMultiple sexual panersSmokersLack of regular PAP smear screeningLong term use of combined oral contraceptive pills | 1 | Smoking | Sex at 25 yrs | Decreased parity | Single sexual paner | Pathology | null | e413753a-c549-445e-8939-a250d7e11a1c | single |
Discrete variability are all except-a) Color of skinb) Boys in the class roomc) Obesity weightd) Leukocyte count | null | 1 | ac | bc | ad | b | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 21432498-fbbc-4be6-8f29-9f774da96055 | multi |
All of the following drugs can cause gynaecomastia except | Drugs causing gynacomastia S- Spironolactone I- Isoniazid D- Digoxin C- Cimetidine (and Ketoconazole) O- Oestrogens | 4 | Cimetidine | Spironolactone | Digoxin | Sulfonamides | Pharmacology | Antimetabolites and Quinolones | 837c7950-93d2-47cc-978b-3ee73559de5c | multi |
Tributary of the cavernous sinus includes all of the following, except? | null | 4 | Superior petrosal sinus | Inferior petrosal sinus | Superficial middle cerebral vein | Deep middle cerebral vein | Anatomy | null | 59f4dfb2-c0b0-4eaf-8170-8bdccba73e05 | multi |
A 40 year old male patient on long term steroid therapy for systemic disease, presents with recent onset of severe pain in the right hip. Imaging modality of choice for this problem is- | Long term steroid therapy for systemic disease + severe pain in the right hip = AVASCULAR NECROSIS IOC for Avascular Necrosis: MRI Snow cap sign on plain radiograph: AVN of humerus or femur head Figure: snow cap sign due to AVN of humerus head | 3 | CT scan | Bone scan | MRI | Plain X-ray | Radiology | Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 060f16d7-3461-4481-8bf6-36443723b498 | single |
Before pubey, what is the ratio between the cervical length and uterine body: September 2012 | Ans. B i.e. 2:1 The relationship in the length of the cervix and that of the body of the uterus varies with age. Before pubey, the cervix to corpus ratio is 2:1. At pubey this ratio is reversed to 2:1 and during the reproductive years, cervix to corpus ratio may be 1:3 or even 1:4 | 2 | 1:02 | 2:01 | 1:03 | 1:04 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 62d33090-9954-4ed9-ae9d-3a7a770b61b7 | single |
Typhoral vaccine is recommended after - | null | 2 | 4 years | 6 years | At birth | After puberty | Medicine | null | 7329b82e-2541-4d1a-96a3-1fe7da6bc6e9 | single |
Abnormalities of copper metabolism are implicated in the pathogenesis of all the following except | Deficiency of selenium and molybdenum has resulted in Keshan disease. Ref: Page 131 & 132, Ghai essential pediatrics; 6th edition | 4 | Wilson's disease | Menkes Kinky-hair syndrome | Indian childhood cirrhosis | Keshan disease | Pediatrics | Nutrition | 77abb3bf-2058-4dc2-8e6c-efe247008d88 | multi |
The test for detecting anti sperm antibodies : | Post-coital test | 1 | Post-coital test | Palm-leaf test | Fern test | Spinn Barkie test | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | dd030209-1090-4f65-9540-b3d9d9d887a2 | single |
The theory of impression making that is based on the principle of “occlusal loading during impression making is same as that during function” is | Mucocompressive theory presumes that occlusal loading during impression making is same as during function. | 2 | Mucostatic technique | Mucocompressive technique | Selective pressure technique | All of the above | Dental | null | ae7d6b83-0adc-4cfd-ac84-999e9fc77ce5 | multi |
Leprosy affects all the following except: | Ans. is 'b' i.e., OvariesMycobacterium leprae grows best in cooler areas, e.g., peripheral nerves, anterior chamber of the eye, upper respiratory tract and testes. It spares warmer areas of the skin, e.g., axilla, groin, scalp and middle of the back. | 2 | Testes | Ovaries | Eyes | Nerves | Microbiology | Bacteria | 4136cb1f-5ea3-46ea-8409-3990cc514041 | multi |
All of the following hea sounds occur sholy after S2 CA Cepi: | Answer is C (Ejection click) Ejection click is a sharp high pitched sound e that occurs immediately after First Hea Sound and not after the second. It occurs as a result of sudden opening of semilunar valves in conditions where this opening is delayed such as Aoic valve stenosis Q,Pulmonary valve stenosis Q,Hypeension ... | 3 | Opening snap | Pericardial knock | Ejection click | Tumor plop | Medicine | null | 7c5692b3-35b8-4246-a740-954a3a62d30c | multi |
Most crucial part of tuberculosis control programme is - | The most powerful weapon in tuberculosis control is → case finding and lit.
Cases are defined by WHO as a patient whose sputum is positive for tubercle bacilli. | 3 | Contact tracing | BCG vaccination | Treatment of sputum positive cases | Treatment of X-ray positive cases | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | f59b09cf-75a1-400d-a250-e1151826b592 | single |
P wave is absent | Ans. (a) Atrial fibrillationRef: Ganong, 25th ed/p.524P wave is absent in atrial fibrillationInstead of p waves, only fibrillatory f waves are seenP wave is absent also in hyperkalemia | 1 | Atrial fibrillation | CCF | Atrial flutter | PSVT | Physiology | Heart, Circulation, and Blood | d2063f81-c4d5-4c4d-896f-4dda99adfd2d | single |
A patient has carcinoma of right tongue on its lateral border of anterior two-third, with lymph node of size 4 cm in level 3 on left side of the neck, stage of disease is: | Remember:(i) . Any node 3 cm or less is N1 (ii) . Any node(s) > 3 cm and < 6 cm is N2 whether it is ipsilateral, bilateral, contralateral, single or multiple.(iii). Any node > 6 cm is N3 . | 3 | N0 | N1 | N2 | N3 | ENT | Facial Nerve And Its Disorders | 1d15e391-64df-4fee-945b-d721a2745d1f | single |
In face presentation, outlet forceps delivery can be accomplished successfully in all of the following positions except : | Ans:B.)Persistent mento-posterior | 2 | Right mento-anterior | Persistent mento-posterior | Direct anterior | All | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 737f309c-a32e-48be-8d49-a579b77c6e7d | multi |
Which radioisotope labeled molecule is used to find out rate of DNA synthesis? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Thymidine One application of isotope labeling would be in measuring DNA synthesis, that is cell proliferation in vitro. uses - thymidine labeling to compare pattern of synthesis (or sequence) in cells. | 1 | Thymidine | Thymidine | Adenine | Adenine | Biochemistry | null | 6d9638fe-ccc1-4a08-b228-76dbecf62e6a | single |
Amino acid absorption is by- | Free amino acids are absorbed across the intestinal mucosa by sodium-dependent active transpo. There are several different amino acid transpoers, with specificity for the nature of the amino acid side-chain. Transpoers of Amino Acids. For Neutral Amino Acids For Basic Amino acids and Cysteine For Imino Acids and Glycin... | 4 | Facilitated transpo | Passive transpo | Pinocytosis | Active transpo | Biochemistry | null | 9be21c5e-1328-43c7-975f-30d9fccd5180 | single |
Nirous oxide is contraindicated in all of the following except: September 2006 | Ans. C: Patient in shock Overall, nitrous oxide is a very safe drug with few absolute contraindications. Absolute contraindications - Nitrous oxide is contraindicated in patients with significant respiratory compromise. The blood: gas paition coefficient of nitrous oxide is 34 times greater than that of nitrogen. This ... | 3 | Volvulus surgeries | Pneumothorax | Patient in shock | Tympanoplasties | Anaesthesia | null | bcceea12-e74e-4f45-aa6d-e35902fc1929 | multi |
ratelimiting enzyme in fatty acid synthesis ? | Fatty Acid Synthesis * Fatty acids are built from 2-C units derived from acetyl-CoA * Acetate units are activated for transfer to growing FA chain by conversion to malonyl-CoA * Decarboxylation of malonyl-CoA and reducing power of NADPH drive chain growth * Chain grows to 16-carbons (eight acetyl-CoAs) * Other enzymes ... | 1 | malonyl co a synthase | acyl co synthase | malonyl co a reductase | cholestrol acyl transferase | Biochemistry | All India exam | 6d4d4b52-7a87-419f-bac7-a9c3b5691ba5 | single |
Poal hypeension is said to be present if poal venous pressure is more than: March 2010 | Ans. C: 10-12 mm HgNormal poal pressure is generally defined between 5 and 10 mm Hg.Poal hypeension results when the poal pressure rises to 12 mm Hg or greater and complications can arise, such as varices and ascites.Many conditions are associated with poal hypeension, of which cirrhosis is the most common cause | 3 | 3-5 mm Hg | 5-8 mm Hg | 10-12 mm Hg | 15-20 mm Hg | Pathology | null | 0a3b1bfc-1350-47d6-8977-6bf480043e4d | single |
Testamentary capacity refers to | Ans. (A). Ability to make a valid will(Ref: KSN Reddy, Essentials of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 33rd Ed., P. 493)Testamentary capacityQMental Ability of a person to make a valid willHolograph willQWritten by the testator in his own hand writingSomnambulismSleep walkingSomnolentiaSleep - drunkenness - midway betwee... | 1 | Ability to make a valid will | Criminal liability | Right to vote | Ability to give evidence | Forensic Medicine | Forensic Psychiatry | 11601b5d-7dc2-4b03-bb82-faeb3dd6fcb6 | single |
Which of the following Inhibits theophylline metabolism? | Plasma concentration of theophylline, warfarin is increased by enzyme inhibitors like ciprofloxacin (also by norfloxacin and pefloxacin) due to inhibition of metabolism: toxicity of these drugs can occur. ESSENTIALS OF MEDICAL PHARMACOLOGY 6TH EDITION KD TRIPATHI Page No:689 | 4 | INH | Griseofulvin | Prednisolone | Ciprofloxacin | Pharmacology | Respiratory system | 0f22c1df-3b10-4018-a235-70a8ada3c41c | single |
True about Levetiracetam is | . | 3 | Most useful in Prophylaxis of migraine | Poor oral absorption | Linear kinetics | Extensively metabolized by Cytochrome P450 | Pharmacology | All India exam | 15cac027-2b3f-4548-950a-110c866a0c17 | multi |
Isolation is not carried out in one of the following- | null | 3 | Plague | Cholera | AIDS | Chicken pox | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 5c325e27-fc43-483a-aab7-b0ec894ba7f1 | single |
Liver biopsy shows fatty change in | clinical finding marasmus kwashiorkor occurance more common less common edema absent present activity active apathetic appetite good poor liver enlargement absent present,fatty liver due to deposition of triglycerides moality less than kwashiorkar high in early stage recovery recover early long to recover infection les... | 4 | Marasmus | Marasmic kwashiorkor | Nutritional dwarfism | Kwashiokor | Pediatrics | Gastrointestinal tract | d3da54e2-7d09-4dda-83b4-41fb96bc5cd5 | single |
A child has been brought with the following scalp lesion with history of itching in scalp and hair loss for past 2 months. Which of the following is useful for diagnosis of this patient? | Ans. B KOH mountRef: Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 8th ed. pg. 2284-85The image shows black dot sign classical of tinea capitis. The hairs are damaged due to endothrix infection and break easily. | 2 | Gram stain | KOH mount | Slit Skin smear | Tzanck smear | Physiology | Nervous System | 34a5c886-c735-40ed-8d73-1a44285fb318 | single |
Villous adenoma presents as: September 2010 | Ans. B: Hypokalemia Villous adenomas of the colon usually produce a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis because of the loss of large volumes of colonic fluid, rich in potassium and bicarbonate. Occasionally, these tumors cause metabolic alkalosis. The mechanism is not well understood. Some authors opine that the hypokale... | 2 | Hypercalcemia | Hypokalemia | Hyperphosphaetemia | All of the above | Surgery | null | 8fabe537-b850-4892-a0a2-ba61d7155d48 | multi |
Oedipus complex is related to which phase of psychosexual development | Phase: Phallic (Oedipal) phase Age Range: 3 to 5 years Normal Development: Major site of gratification is the genital area; genital masturbation is common at this stage. According to Freud, this development is different in both sexes. Male development-The boy develops castration anxiety (fear of castration at the hand ... | 4 | Oral | Anal | Genital | Phallic | Psychiatry | Cognitive development and defence mechanism | 2ea0581b-b561-4558-b4ee-3cdb06fc9938 | multi |
A child with recent onset of URTI after 2 days presents with acute onset of a breathlessness cough and fever. All of the following can be given except – | Respiratory insufficiency after upper respiratory tract infection is the classic presentation of bronchiolitis.
Treatment of Bronchiolitis -
Treatment is essentially symptomatic.
The child should be nursed in a humid atmosphere.
O2 remains the mainstay of treatment.
Antibiotics - Though antibiotics have no role* but ... | 2 | Antipyretics | Morphine | Antibiotics | O2 inhalation | Pediatrics | null | 5c37d8ba-a7c6-451d-8133-1d5ba984e3e7 | multi |
The mode of inheritance of Duchenne muscular dystrophy is | Duchene muscular dystrophy is a X linked recessive disorder. Gait disturbances is commonly seen and calf muscle pseudo hyperophy is also seen | 4 | Autosomal dominant | Autosomal recessive | X-linked dominant | X-linked recessive | Pediatrics | Musculoskeletal disorders | 9020445a-69a9-4ea2-b3bd-27b1130bd4b9 | single |
Malignancy with familial inheritence -a) Ca breastb) Ca ovaryc) Ca testisd) Ca panreas | null | 1 | ab | a | ad | bc | Pathology | null | afd4be47-3e6d-4cb5-bb23-fe1c1ec5622a | single |
Commonest cancer in burn scar is | The commonest cancer associated with burns is squamous cell carcinoma. This is also known as marjolin's ulcer and this malignancy sta from the scar tissue of burns. Treatment is wide local excision, in case of large ulcer, amputation is required. Reference : SRB's Manual of Surgery, 6th Edition, page no = 283. | 1 | Squamous cell carcinoma | Fibrosarcoma | Adenocarcinoma | Adenosquamous carcinoma | Surgery | General surgery | 5967895f-321c-4d73-958a-b59f83d14fe2 | single |
A female patient is having diarrhea and abdominal distension. Small intestinal biopsy shows villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia. Diagnosis is ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Celiac sprueo Villous atrophy with crypt hyperplasia is characteristic of celiac disease (See previous explanations). | 1 | Celiac sprue | Tropical sprue | Whipples disease | Hirchsprung's disease | Pathology | null | 6a6c0a5d-c729-4693-9651-827c95593022 | multi |
Which of the statements is not true regarding Macleod\'s Syndrome – | Macleod syndrome
It is also known as Swyer - Janes syndrome
It is a cause of unilateral hyperlucent lung.
It may present as acute pneumonia, but most patients are discovered when a chest X-ray is obtained for an unrelated reason.
This not a true emphysema.
On examination there is hyperresonance and a small lung with ... | 4 | It is not a true emphysema | Occurs before 8 years of age | It is unilateral emphysema | The pulmonary artery on the affected side is hyperplastic | Pediatrics | null | 3352ad5e-c0da-4b70-8d8a-0804e51203bf | multi |
A new born child developed respiratory depression in neonatal ward. Which of the following drug is the cause | Opioids like fentanyl, codeine, pethidine, morphine causes respiratory distress in neonates. Epidural opioid analgesia is commonly employed as a therapeutic modality in the management of pain during labor and can cause neonatal respiratory depression. Reference : page 740 Ghai Essential Pediatrics 8th edition | 1 | Opioids | Barbiturates | Diazepam | Propofol | Pediatrics | New born infants | 81501781-3274-40a7-944e-bf442ffeb1fb | single |
A 24 year old male presented with retroperitoneal left necrotic mass near the hilum of kidney which showed heterogenous contrast enhancement on CECT. What is the probable diagnosis? | . Metastatic germ cell tumour | 3 | Metastatic transitional cell carcinoma | Metastatic melanoma | Metastatic germ cell tumour | Lymphoma | Pathology | null | fbbec906-3875-4615-ba02-f4d70c50750a | single |
Anesthetics usually check for BP and pulse when ophthalmologist maneuvers medial rectus muscle in squint surgery. This is to prevent? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Oculocardiac reflex * Oculocardiac reflex is most common in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery. Traction on extraocular muscle (especially medial rectus) causes a wide variety of cardia arrhythmias.Oculocardiac reflex* Traction on the extraocular muscles or pressure on globe (eye ball) c... | 3 | Vasovagal attack | Hypotension syndrome | Oculocardiac reflex | null | Anaesthesia | Anaesthesia For Special Situations | cfbadedc-a76e-4163-83c9-b22e7917382a | multi |
Muscle which forms pelvic diaphragm | The pelvic diaphragm is a muscular paition formed by the levator ani and coccygei, with which may be included the parietal pelvic fascia on their upper and lower aspects. The pelvic floor separates the pelvic cavity above from the perineal region (including perineum) . ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg367-369 | 3 | Deep transvere perineal muscle | Spincter urethrae | Levator ani | Superficial transverse perineal muscle | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis | 688aee89-4ea0-4fc2-ac96-cd1b8b5a0db0 | single |
Pendred's syndrome is: | null | 3 | Thyroiditis extending into adjacent structures. | Autoimmune thyroiditis. | Deaf and goitrous patient since infancy. | None. | Surgery | null | 2950c058-c144-4381-897a-81c7034a9d76 | multi |
Commonest malignancy in renal transplant recipient is | Cancers seen in renal transplant recipients in decreasing order are:
Skin cancer > Lymphoma > Kaposi's Sarcoma > Ca Cervix > Renal tumors > Ca Vulva & perineum. | 1 | Skin cancer | Renal cell carcinoma | Non hodgkins lymphoma | Hodgkins lymphoma | Surgery | null | 8db41e10-14ea-4a97-a14d-bd5399471dce | single |
Alpha thalassemia is due to ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Alpha chain deficiency Alpha-thalassemia People who do not produce enough alpha globin chain have alpha - thalassemia. Alpha globin chain is made by four genes, each gene contributes to 25% of the a-globin chains. The severity of a-thalassemia varies greatly depending on the number of a-globin genes a... | 1 | Alpha chain deficiency | Alpha chain excess | Beta chain deficienc | Beta chain excess | Pathology | null | 3fb59c95-c2bf-4498-a9fd-bd8b0afa0099 | single |
Which of the following drug does not affect GABAA gated chloride channel ? | null | 4 | Muscimol | Alcohol | Picrotoxin | Buspirone | Pharmacology | null | 7713b463-5f5e-48a2-a077-2e77337c2d4f | single |
Structure piercing investing layer of deep cervical fascia in posterior triangle of neck | Investing layer in the posterior triangle of neck is pierced by: * External jugular vein * Supraclavicular nerves. * Cutaneous nerves including lymphatics. | 4 | Spinal accessory nerve | Common carotid aery | Internal jugular vein | External jugular vein | Anatomy | Neck Triangles and parotid gland | 1b660440-15a0-4381-a045-0042d692d283 | single |
Which if the statements is false regarding bleaching powder? | Bleaching powder contains 33% available chlorine. 1-3% kills most of the organism. Bleach, paicularly sodium hypochlorite, has been shown to react with a microbe's heat shock proteins, stimulating their role as intra-cellular chaperone and causing the bacteria to form into clumps that will eventually die off. In some c... | 2 | 1-3% of bleach can kill most organisms | Contains 60% available chlorine | Sodium hypochlorite is a versatile disinfectant | Lime is used as a stabilizing agent | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 515c23f3-55f5-488e-b53f-de1afbf307b5 | multi |
Drug of choice for status epilepticus is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lorazepam * Lorazepam i.v. is now the preferred initial choice.* Clonazepam is an alternative.* Diazepam i.v. was widely used as first line drug. But it is more likely to caus hypotension and respiratory depression and its antiepilepsy effect wears off after about 20 minutes | 2 | Diazepam | Lorazepam | Phenytoin | Sodium valproate | Pharmacology | C.N.S | b3171f1b-4647-43dd-acb4-474799b0e942 | single |
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