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Digitalis acts in atrial fibrillation by ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Increase in A.V. node refractoriness Digitalis in arrhvthma o Digitalis is the drug of choice for controlling ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation (AF) with hea failure. o Digitalis reduces the ventricular rate in AF by decreasing the number of impulses that are able to pass down the A-V node and b... | 1 | Increasing AV node refractoriness | Decreasing atrial contractility | Inhibiting Na+ K+ ATPase pump | Inhibiting Na+ H+ ATPase pump | Pharmacology | null | 0599e0f3-c3b1-4c46-b53c-b3812157b478 | single |
Keivms skin test is used for diagnosis of - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sarcoidosiso Kveim test (Nickerson-kveim or Kveim-Siltzbach test) was a skin test used to detect sarcoidosis.o It is not used know. | 1 | Sarcoidosis | Wegeners granulomatosis | Graves disease | null | Unknown | null | 1477cda0-ebf3-4323-a664-bc5066e6695b | multi |
Target diseases under VISION 2020 include | Target diseases identified for intervention under 'Vision 2020' initiative in India include: 1) Cataract, 2) Childhood blindness, 3) Refractive errors and low vision, 4) Corneal blindness, 5) Diabetic retinopathy, 6) Glaucoma, and 7) Trachoma (focal). Reference :- A K KHURANA 7th edition ; page-451 | 4 | Trachoma | Onchocerciasis | Refractive errors | All of the above | Ophthalmology | Conjunctiva | 6460c78a-20a3-41b7-b65f-4578d29f262f | multi |
IQ for sever mental retardation - | WHO classification of Mental retardation(MR) mild MR...IQ 50-70 moderate MR ...35-49 severe MR..IQ 20-34 profound MR...IQ under 20 ref; (page no;582) 23rd edition of PARK&;s textbook of Preventive and Social medicine | 2 | <20 | 20-35 | 35-50 | 50-70 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Social science, Mental health & Genetics | 47a8a027-901b-4359-8d85-57dafaffaaf1 | single |
All of the following about "Aaron Becks cognitive theory of depression" is true, EXCEPT: | ANSWER: (A) Negative thought of pastREF: Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry, 10th Edition page 958According to the cognitive theory of depression, cognitive dysfunctions are the core of depression, and affective and physical changes and other associated features of depression are consequences of cognitive dysfunc... | 1 | Negative thought of past | Negative thought of future | Negative thought of Environment | Negative about self | Psychiatry | Cognitive Development | d4e2e97d-4807-4df5-811f-39bd42effc3d | multi |
For which is cGMP second messenger? | The binding of ANP to its receptor causes the conversion of GTP to cGMP and raises intracellular cGMPAs a consequence, cGMP activates a cGMP-dependent kinase (PKG or cGK) that phosphorylates proteins at specific serine and threonine residues.In the medullary collecting duct, the cGMP generated in response to ANP may ac... | 2 | Thyroxine | Atrial natriureptic peptide | GH | Coiosone | Biochemistry | Endocrinology | a289ffde-0f05-403e-8e90-c0fbf62ddddb | single |
All of the following statements about Laryngomalacia are true, Except- | null | 4 | It is the most common congenital anomaly of the larynx | It is associated with an omega shaped epiglotitis | Stridor is increased on crying and relieved on lying prone | Surgical Traceostomy is the treatment of choice | ENT | null | 4be1b2b9-3392-4193-901c-30efdb5dff01 | multi |
Major reason for H5N1 not to become a global pandemic is | Reasons for H5N1 not becoming Global Pandemic
Absence of efficient human to human mode of transmission (Major reason)
Absence of replication in humans
Absence of serious disease in humans | 1 | Man to man transmission is rare | Route of transmission is not respiratory | Does not cause serious disease among humans | Restricted to few countries only | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 2a86af34-7f34-4928-9589-da139571dba7 | single |
alpha-fetoprotein is detected in case of - | Harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th edition. *alpha fetoprotien is a Timor marker for hepatocellulr carcinoma and non seminomatous germ cell Tumor of testes | 1 | Hepatocellular Ca | Colonic cancer | Tuberculoma | Renal cell Ca. | Pathology | General pathology | a6871702-a8dc-4432-87b3-ca041d3c5e3e | single |
Aspirin is stopped how many days prior to surgery | Aspirin is not stopped. | 4 | 7 days | 14 days | 24 hours | null | Anaesthesia | null | 1ba81d4e-512e-475c-956c-6e8e43feb928 | multi |
Teeth and Cartilage are seen in which tumor of ovary? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dermoid cyst Microscopic examination of dermoid cysto The wall is lined by stratified squamous epithelium; and at places by granulation tissue. The epithelium may be transitional or columnar.o The most common tissue elements are ectodermal.o The terminology of'dermoid cyst' is misnomer, as apart from ... | 1 | Dermoid cyst | Brenner tumor | Mucinous cysadencarcinoma | Serous cysadenocarcinoma | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Ovary | 0e38a05c-a893-4ebe-b216-76e6f3903a40 | single |
A patient comes 6 hours after consuming morphine and presents with pin point pupils and respiratory depression. T 1/2 of morphine is 3 hours and volume of distribution (Vd) is 200 L. Current plasma concentration of morphine is 0.5 mg/L. Calculate the initial morphine dose consumed by the person. | * Volume of distribution means how much amount of plasma is required to accommodate the whole drug, if the plasma concentration remains constant. Current plasma concentration is 0.5 mg/L means* 1 litre contains 0.5 mg of morphine So, Vd of 200 L means* 200 litre contain 0.5 x 200=100 mg So now total amount of morphine ... | 2 | 100 mg | 400 mg | 10 mg | 50 mg | Pharmacology | Pharmacokinetics | cb202d79-91d5-43cb-a3cc-61d68999256e | single |
True about prostatic urethra are all except | Prostatic urethra When working properly, it prevents the urine until it is time to get the semen back into the bladder during ejaculation stops. If damaged, the semen is forced back into the bladder and prostatic urethra finally leaving the normal . Ref - BDC 6e Vol2 , researchgate.net | 1 | Trapezoid in cross-section | Presence of verumontanum | Opening of prostatic ducts | Contains urethral crest | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis | 26cc2576-5d58-4a84-9543-c2504d61565c | multi |
Drugs which affect DNA synthesis or replication are all except:- | Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody against VEGF. It acts by inhibiting angiogenesis. Doxorubicin is a topoisomerase inhibitor and inhibit the uncoiling of DNA and thus replication. 5-FU is a pyrimidine analog and inhibit DNA synthesis by competing with DNA polymerase. Methotrexate is a dihydro folic acid reductase in... | 2 | 5-FU | Bevacizumab | Doxorubicin | Methotrexate | Pharmacology | Cytotoxic Anticancer Drugs | bd7fdf75-afa9-41a7-8998-7c6cb3a28ebe | multi |
Gluten free diet is beneficial in: | Ans is 'c' i.e, Dermatitis herpetiformis | 3 | Psoriasis | Exfoliatrive dermatitis | Dermatitis herpetiformis | Pemphigoid | Skin | Autoimmune Skin Disorders | d99ab429-539e-4125-9dae-8ff76a6f1527 | single |
Prolactin secreting gland develops from - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Rathke's pouch o Prolactin is secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary which develops from Rathke's pouch.Pituitary gland (Hypophysis cerebri)o Pituitary gland lies within hypophyseal/pituitary fossa or sella turcica of sphenoid bone which is roofed by diaphragm sellae. It is suspended from tuber cinere... | 2 | Infundibulum | Rathke's pouch | Tubercinereum | 3rd ventricle | Anatomy | Endocrine Glands | 4e6ff228-6bbe-42af-a803-1c0b848a858f | single |
Most common bladder cancer - | Ans. is 'b' i.e.. Transitional cell carcinoma Bladder Carcinomao Bladder cancer accounts for approximately 7% of cancers and 3% of cancer mortality in the United States,o About 95% of bladder tumors are of epithelial origin, the remainder being mesenchymal tumors.o Most epithelial tumors are urothelial (transitional ce... | 2 | SCC | Transitional cell carcinoma | Sarcoma | Lymphoma | Pathology | Urinary Bladder | 0ef3d699-7243-4fbb-9408-a9aa13148794 | single |
Size of the laryngeal mask airway for normal adults- | LMA size 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 Patient size Upto 5 kg 5-9kg 10-19kg 20-29kg 30-49kg 50-69kg 70-100kg | 4 | 2.5 | 3 | 1.5 | 4 | Anaesthesia | Anaesthetic equipments | 0d77a76b-f637-466e-96b8-dad41690fb5a | single |
Which is NOT a micro nutrient - | Ans. is 'None' NUTRIENTS o Nutrients are organic and inorganic complexes contained in food. o There are two major types of nutrients ? A) Micronutrients Micronutrients are nutrients needed throughout life in small quanties. They are dietary minerals needed by the human body in very small quantities. Macrominerals which... | 4 | Iodine | Vitamin A | Iron | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 3a2aadee-7fd9-48d9-b79f-975932f91311 | multi |
In Glasgow Coma Scale all of the following areconsidered EXCEPT - | null | 4 | Eye opening | Verbal response | Motor response | Sensory response | Surgery | null | eab2a064-dedc-4f35-a1cb-a29d3a26ded4 | multi |
As compared to UV light, visible light can cure: | Although the polymerization reaction was under the direct control of the clinician, the inability of these short UV wavelengths to penetrate deeply into the resin composite meant that the incremental layers of resin could be at most 1 mm thick.
Blue light can penetrate deeper into the resin than UV or violet light, suc... | 1 | Greater depth of resin | Lesser depth of resin | Only superficial layer | None of the above | Dental | null | 2185e09d-4e0c-4e97-98aa-6a2da8977437 | multi |
Reason for the chronic recurrent subluxation or luxation: | 1) Laxity of Joint capsule
condyle will move without Restriction.
2) Shollow | Flat | eroded Articular eminence (Height↓)
Condyle – jump – eminence
3) Trauma to the Joint
Integrity of ligament – ruptured. | 4 | Laxity of joint capsule. | Eroded articular eminence. | Trauma to the joint. | All of the above. | Surgery | null | 32470bd8-64ea-4904-bd1b-ee297c7b25f4 | multi |
The nodular pattern often seen in the lungs following renal transplantation is thought to be due to – | Interstitial pneumonia can cause reticulonodular pattern. CMV is the most common cause of interstitial pneumonia in a patient with a renal transplant. | 3 | Fungus | Inafarcts | Cytomegalovirus | Autoimmune reaction | Radiology | null | bf35ae47-5931-46fb-b4f8-762a60d38145 | single |
Which of the following is not prion associated disease: | Ans. (d) Alzheimer's disease Various prion disease are as follows: Kuru Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease (GSS) Sporadic fatal insomnia (SFI) Scrapie Transmissible mink encephalopathy Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease) Chronic wasting di... | 4 | Scarpie | Kuru | Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease | Alzheimer's disease | Microbiology | null | ca6ab576-6eef-48af-ba79-96111eb27d0e | single |
Point A and point B Manchester location are important for treatment of which cancer – | Radiotherapy in Ca cervix
External beam via cobalt or linear accelerator and brachytherapy (e.g. radium, cobalt or cesium) are used in treatment of carcinoma cervix.
The radiation dose is calculated with respect to the amount of irradiation received at 2 theoretical points, A & B. | 1 | Cervix | Vagina | Ovary | Uterus | Radiology | null | d75d0491-8df8-476d-b017-54cd629ddba1 | single |
Most common lung cancer associated with ectopic ACTH is | Ectopic ACTH production is most commonly associated with lung carcinoid. | 2 | Small cell cancer | Carcinoid | Squamous cell carcinoma | Adenocarcinoma | Pathology | null | cb5b124e-fc95-4258-a6f2-5df9b32e75c4 | multi |
Onion peel appearance of splenic capsule is seen in | Ref Robbins 9/e p224 In splenic involvement in SLE _splenomegaly, capsular thickeing , follicular hyperplasia,are common feature . central penicilliary aeries may show concerntric intimal and smooth muscle cell hyperplasia , producing onion skin appearance | 1 | SLE | Scleroderma | Rheumatoid ahritis | Sjogern's syndrome | Anatomy | General anatomy | e55d0442-b2c2-48b7-9952-5c00aa011b0d | single |
Which one of the following is not source of manager's power – | Management power
Power is the ability to influence people.
Management power is, how a manager can make his subordinates do what he wants them to do.
Manager can use following types of power to do so : -
Reward power → Reward based
Coercive power → Fear based
Legitimate power → Position based
Expert power → Knowledg... | 4 | Reward | Coercive | Legitimate | Efferent | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 04310ae5-0d2b-4b5b-b8c8-1550477e81be | single |
Kupffer cells are found in: | Lungs | 2 | Hea | Lungs | Liver | Spleen | Anatomy | null | 7821d5ab-a0cf-4198-923a-eb41218beb6f | single |
Blood gas measurements of a patient shows the following values pH 7.2, pCO2 80 mm Hg, p02 46 mm Hg. Which of the following could be the most probable diagnosis: | Answer is B (Acute exacerbation of COPD): The patient in question is presenting with type II Respiratory failure (Decreased PaO2 and increased PaCO2) which indicates an obstructive lung disease. Amongst the options provided Asthma and COPD, both are examples of obstructive lung diseases. Obstructive lung disease with e... | 2 | Acute asthma | Acute exacerbation of COPD | ARDS | Severe pneumonia | Medicine | null | 3fe14e85-ebe8-48d4-a2a9-1b3aeee2e66a | single |
Windshield wiper syndrome is seen in | Windshield wiper syndrome is seen due to malposition of lens: IOL movement to and fro with the movement of head Complications due to Intra ocular lens - UGH Syndrome : Uveitis , glaucoma, Hyphaema syndrome - Sunrise Syndrome (superior subluxation of IOL) - Sunset syndrome (inferior subluxation of IOL) - Lost lens syndr... | 4 | Dislocation of Intra ocular lens | Posterior capsular opacification | Reaction to lens material | Malposition of lens | Ophthalmology | Lenses | 91ea5bff-bb95-4b67-b979-9a6190e81028 | single |
Following drugs show zero order kinetics except- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Fomipizole o The drugs whose kinetics changes from first order to zero order at therapeutic concentration are said to follow pseudo - zero order kinetics or mixed order kinetics or saturation kinetics.o Drugs showing zero,''pseudo-zero order kinetics :y Phenytoiny Tolbutamidey Propanolol (ref- Pharmoc... | 4 | Phenytoin | Tolbutamide | Alcohol | Fomipizole | Pharmacology | Pharmacokinetics | 25ffa9b5-4124-469b-9c02-f05c5eaf307e | multi |
Mastitis in infants ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Treated with antibioticsMastitis (infection of breast tissue) typically occurs in infants after 2 months of age. During the first 2 weeks of life, it occurs with equal frequency in males and females; thereafter, it is more common in girls, with a female:male ratio of approximately 2:1.The majority of ... | 1 | Treated with antibiotics | More common in boys | It is a congenital infection | Most common organism is E Coli | Pediatrics | null | bfe880a8-c35e-4926-b0c3-fc6724d298d4 | single |
Which of the following is the most common endocrine tumour of pancreas - | Insulinomas are the most common pancreatic endocrine neoplasm Neoplasms of the pancreas are of 2 types. those arising from endocrine pancreas i.e. islet cells those arising from exocrine pancrease i.e. ducts & acini Pancreatic endocrine tumors or pancreatic islet cell tumors may be functioning (i.e. hormone producing) ... | 1 | Insulinoma | Gastrinoma | VIPoma | Glucagonoma | Anatomy | G.I.T | 5e488b52-ee6f-404b-8619-9b2764cb82bc | single |
Which of the following statements about Nutritional surveillance is not true - | Nutritional surviellance is done in representative ages at longer intervalsREF.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE.Editon-21.Page no.-602. | 4 | It is diagnostic approach | Assessment involves precise measurements of weight and height | Assessment is done by trained persons | Done in all children <5 years | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health | 6d5b7021-cc9b-4bc9-bd9e-919785dbe33e | multi |
Which of the following is the main site of absorption of vitamin B12? | Most vitamins are absorbed in the upper small intestine, but vitamin B12 is absorbed in the ileum. This vitamin binds to intrinsic factor, a protein secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach, and the complex is absorbed across the ileal mucosa. Vitamin B12 absorption and folate absorption are Na+-independent. Ref: ... | 3 | Duodenum | Jejunum | Ileum | Colon | Physiology | null | c39e3e8c-eecd-4886-8a7b-110754492da1 | single |
Glass vessels and syringes are best sterilised by ? | Hot Air Oven Is Used To Sterilise Glass Ware, Forceps, Scissors, Scalpel, All Glass Syringes, Swabs, Some Pharmaceutical Products Such As Liquid Paraffin, Dusting Powder, Fats And Grease. REF:Ananthanarayan and Panicker's Textbook ofMicrobiology 8thEdition pg no:31 | 1 | Hot air oven | Autoclaving | Irradiation | Ethylene dioxide | Microbiology | general microbiology | 255645c2-3574-4259-9e1a-f90ce0529a15 | single |
Iron absorption is increased by which of the following? | - Site of iron absorption - duodenum and upper jejunum (proximal small intestine). - Iron absorption is increased by Acids Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), citric acid Amino acids containing SH-group Sugars in the diet - Phytates, Tannates (found in tea), tetracyclines & Plant foods (non-heme iron) decreases iron absorption | 4 | Phytates | Tannates | Plant foods | Ascorbic acid | Pathology | Iron deficiency anemia | b452daac-d602-4482-a09a-6294405b6f61 | single |
Farmer's lung is caused by - | null | 1 | Micromonospora faeni | Aspergillosis | Histoplasma capsulatum | All of the above | Microbiology | null | 44b65b7a-a881-4317-b15d-0dfa8487592d | multi |
Mallory weiss syndrome often occurs in-a) Patient who abuse analgesicsb) Childrenc) pregnant femalesd) Patients with hiatus hernia | null | 1 | acd | ad | bc | bde | Surgery | null | 8495fe17-58f2-4b7d-b64f-be11d649546c | multi |
The most common genetic cause of liver disease in children is – | Amongst the given options al antitrypsin deficiency is the best answer because neonatal hepatitis and extrahepatic biliary atresia are not there. | 2 | Haemochromatosis | α1 antitrypsin deficiency | Cystic fibrosis | Glyocgen storage disease | Pediatrics | null | 2623647b-528a-4bf2-a254-b906d0b6d064 | single |
Meckel's diveiculum is best diagaEUR' nosed by: | Tc99 peechnetium scan | 4 | X-ray | Ultrasound | CT scan | Tc99 peechnetium scan | Radiology | null | 1d5808da-4e0b-44c2-9d74-b420336a78ba | single |
All of the following are true about 5-flurouracil except | 5-flurouracil is a pyrimidine analogue which is converted to dUMP in the cell and inhibits Thymidilate synthase enzyme.
Capecitabine (Prodrug of 5-flurouracil) & 5-flurouracil can cause "Hand & Foot syndrome".
FOLFOX regimen (Folinic acid, 5-flurouracil and oxaliplatin) is the DOC for colorectal cancer. | 1 | It is a purine analogue | 5 - flurouracil acts by inhibiting Thymidilate synthase enzyme | It can cause hand & foot syndrome | It is used along with folinic acid and oxaliplatin for colorectal cancer | Pharmacology | null | acfac0fa-57ce-4c38-9753-32676ab6edf5 | multi |
Most common cause of esophageal perforation near cricopharynx: | Ans. (a) IatrogenicRef Bailey and Love 26th Edition, Page 993* Most common site of perforation of esophagus -- Cervical esophagus* Most common cause is Iatrogenic | 1 | Iatrogenic | Trauma | Spontaneous | Tumor | Surgery | Oesophagus | 3db139f8-ddd1-43c6-8918-b6e70c0e7b64 | single |
Chi square test is used for? | null | 1 | Association between two variables | Correlation between two variables | Mean comparison of two group | S.D. of two variables | Dental | null | 8fe2af2c-104f-41c0-a23f-089e65ce4b14 | single |
Common injury to baby is: | B i.e. Clavicle | 2 | Fracture humerus | Fracture clavicle | Fracture | Fracture femur | Surgery | null | 46b6c153-2d1f-49bb-aff7-48c97da8bb20 | single |
Movements taking place during abduction of shoulder joint are all except | The total range of abduction is 180. Abduction up to 90 occurs at the glenohumeral joint. Abduction from 90 to 120 can occur only if humerus is rotated laterally. Abduction from 120-180 can occur if scapula rotates forwards on the chest wall. The humerus and scapula move in the ratio of 2:1 during abduction i.e. for ev... | 1 | Medial rotation of scapula | Axial rotation of humerus at acromioclavicular joint | Elevation of humerus | Movements at .clavicular end of sternoclavicular joint | Anatomy | Upper limb | d428f01f-61e9-4634-9dba-7b41c2b21368 | multi |
What is the best antidepressant prescribed for a patient with hypotension and cardiac disease? | (D) Venlafaxine # VENLAFAXINE: A novel antidepressant referred to as serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), because it inhibits uptake of both these amines but, in contrast to older TCAs, does not interact with cholinergic, adrenergic or histaminergic receptors or have sedative property.Trials have show... | 4 | Cifaloprax | Duloxcitine | Mirtazapine | Venlafaxine | Pharmacology | Miscellaneous (Pharmacology) | 2b53412e-25bf-4e1a-8170-647c33235498 | single |
A newborn was admitted in an ICU for difficulty in breathing at the time of bih. On the 5th day, he became lethargic and unable to feed. The total counts increased with predominant polymorphs. Blood culture yielded growth of LF Mucoid colonies on MacConkey agar. What will be the probable cause of infection? | Klebsiella will be the probable cause of infection. With the above symptoms, the probable diagnosis is neonatal sepsis. Option 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae produces LF mucoid colonies on MacConkey agar (refer to the image below) and is among the common causes of neonatal septicemia. - Nonmotile, lactose fermenter (LF). - Ca... | 4 | E. coli | Hemophilus | Strept. pneumoniae | Klebsiella | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Gram Positive Bacilli, Gram Negative Bacilli) | 67062882-125e-4d1a-9bb2-e33c10e08ff5 | single |
Drug-induced hallucinations are seen with all the following except | Para-aminophenol is paracetamol for which no psychosis or hallucinations are seen. Remaining all the given drugs produce psychosis or hallucinations.Ref: HL Sharma 3rd ed. Pg 378. | 4 | Para-amino salicylic acid | Lysergic acid diethylamide | Isoniazid | Para-amino phenol | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system | 07b15e95-5c7c-4ea1-8036-95ccc0053b88 | multi |
Coronary steal phenomenon is caused by which drug ? | null | 4 | Disopyramide | Verapamil | Nitroglycerine | Dipyridamol | Pharmacology | null | 51c0bca9-6d57-4376-bfe9-e7b236f519e4 | single |
Fredrich's ataxia is caused by which type of mutation - | null | 2 | Point mutation | Expanded trinucleotide repeat | Missense mutation | Inversion | Medicine | null | 766291c0-eddb-4e51-9019-8e7ae6325b6f | single |
Internationally accepted definition of aboion is the expulsion of the products of conception : | Before 20th week of gestation or 500 gms (weight of foetus) | 4 | Before 28th week of gestation or 1 kg (weight of foetus) | Before 24th week of gestation or 750 gms (weight of foetus) | Before 20 week of gestation or 750 gms (weight of foetus) | Before 20th week of gestation or 500 gms (weight of foetus) | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | e501618e-d230-4c3b-8782-39798c370f7c | multi |
Following total thyroidectomy the patient develops respiratory stridor. The cause is: | (a) B/L recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis(Ref. Current Diagnosis & Treatment Otolaryngology, Lalwani, 3rd ed., 478)In B/L recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis the vocal cords will be in median position, leading to stridor.Note: This is the only vocal cord palsy with stridor, breathing is normal in the remaining palsie... | 1 | B/L recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis | B/L complete paralysis | U/L recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis | U/L complete paralysis | ENT | Larynx | 83cdea73-2ee5-472f-b7c6-600cb98167b4 | single |
The causes of systemic secondary insult to injured brain include all of the following except - | Patients with primary brain injury whether due to any trauma or stroke are at significant risk for some secondary ischemic brain injury?
Causes of secondary brain injury are - Hypotension
Hypotension should be strictly avoided as significant hypotensive events as short as 10 minutes in duration have been shown to adv... | 4 | Hypercapnia | Hypoxemia | Hypotension | Hypothermia | Medicine | null | 09297191-9581-4b49-ab67-4b4df5a47be3 | multi |
Which of the following is not a paranasal sinus - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pyriform sinus o A sinus is a hollow air filled cavity. Paranasal sinuses are hollow air filled cavities in the skull which are connected to nasal cavity by a narrow hole in, the ostium. There are four pairs of these cavities and are often described as a unit which is refered to as "paranasal sinuses ... | 2 | Frontal sinus | Pyriform sinus | Ethmoid sinus | Maxillary sinus | ENT | Nose and PNS | 7d515c15-8fd4-4125-9e4a-c38aecc38653 | single |
Non-respiratory function of lungs ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Sodium balance(Ref: Lecture notes on human physiology 4th/e p. 400]One of the most impoant metabolic (non-respiratory) function of lungs:As a pa of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, lungs indirectly regulate sodium and water balance (and BP).However, lungs also directly affect Na+ balance is epith... | 2 | Anion balance | Sodium balance | Potassium balance | Calcium balance | Physiology | null | 6673052a-6a45-4cc0-86f9-60fe3031994f | single |
A case of A comes to the emergency. On examination there is evidence of head injury, BP is 90/60 mmHg, and pulse is 150/ min. Which of the following anaesthetic agent should be used for induction? | Anaesthetic agents which are indicated in a case of head injury are Thopentone (Lerebroprotective), Propofol, Etomsdate (Protection against circulatory depression) or Isoflurane. * Muscle relaxants which are useful includes Rocuronium/vecuronium, Pipecuronium * Ketamine, Succinylcholine, Halothane all increases ICT. Re... | 1 | Thiopentone | Ketamine | Halothane | succinylcholine | Anaesthesia | All India exam | 9758a71c-c383-4cdf-87cb-03201e997d45 | single |
Metabolic abnormalities associated with Congenital Pyloric Stenosis in the early phase include all EXCEPT: | Aciduria REF: Bailey and love 25th edition page 79, Fundamentals of Pediatric Surgery by Peter Mattei Page 341, Clinical cases in surgery - Michelle Li, Stephanie C. Lin, Aaron B. Caughey Page 104 "The classical electrolyte abnormality associated withpyloric stenosis is hypokalemic, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, p... | 2 | Hypokalemia | Aciduria | Hypochloremia | None of these | Surgery | null | 564d6f76-30ad-46dc-9e59-23ced262e101 | multi |
Which of the following is not a feature of Upper Motor Neuron lesion? | Ans. is. 'c' i.e., Positive sharp waves on EMG * Following table compares and contrasts the features of upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron lesionsDifference between upper and lower motor neuron paralysisUpper motor neuron paralysisLower motor neuron paralysis* Muscles affected in groups never individual nuscles.... | 3 | Positive babinsky sign | Normal nerve conduction study | Positive sharp waves on EMG | Hyperactive tendon reflexes | Medicine | C.N.S. | eb4a5590-cf5f-4493-a81c-1dfc4410130f | single |
Fallopian tube tuberculosis - | Ans. is 'a > c' i.e., Most common type of genital TB > Is asymptomatic Genital tuberculosiso Almost always a secondary infection. Most common primary site is lungs (50%) fib lymph nodes (40%).o Most common route of spread is through blood.o Commonly affects sexually active age group (20-30yrs), most commonly at 28 yrs ... | 1 | Most common type of genital TB | Size of the tubes is unchanged | Is asymptomatic | Primary focus of infection is always in fallopian tubes | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Tuberculosis of the Genital Tract | 0924d229-cda1-42c8-b74c-4de1eb64839b | multi |
Nerve supply of superior oblique muscle is by - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Trochlear nerve Oculomotor nerveMedial rectus. Inferior rectus, Superior rectus, Inferior obliqueTrochlear nerveSuperior ObliqueAbducensLateral rectus | 1 | Trochlear nerve | Oculomotor nerve | Abducens | Optic nerve | Ophthalmology | Neuro-Ophthalmology | f2fa91bb-417d-478d-9804-afc674db99da | single |
All of the following sire true regarding mesothelioma except: | Ans. a. Bilaterally symmetrical Malignant Mesothelioma is multicentric tumor with multiple pleura-based nodules coalescing to form sheets of tumor (but not bilaterally symmetrical).Malignant Mesothelioma* Malignant mesothelioma is MC tumor of the pleura* In 20% of malignant mesotheliomas, the tumor arises from peritone... | 1 | Bilaterally symmetrical | Associated with asbestos exposure | Histopathalogy shows biphasic pattern | Occurs in late middle age | Surgery | Lung Cancer | 00eccbcc-3a93-4259-830f-9b01343c4da8 | multi |
Tinea capitis (endothrix) is caused by | Tinea capitis (endothrix) is caused by T.schoenleinii, T.violaceum and T.tonsurans. | 2 | Epidermophyton | Tinea tonsurans | Tinea rubrum | Microsporum | Microbiology | mycology | 37460737-bcbe-482a-936c-6960c3975221 | single |
In IVC obstruction, all of the following collaterals help EXCEPT: | In IVC obstruction, collaterals open up to drain blood into SVC and then to the hea (right atrium). Since, superficial epigastric and iliolumbar vein both drain into IVC, they are not helping the cause. Superior epigastric and inferior epigastric form collateral in rectus sheath. Superior epigastric drain into internal... | 2 | Superior epigastric and inferior epigastric vein | Superficial epigastric and iliolumbar vein | Azygos and ascending lumbar vein | Lateral thoracic and preveebral vein | Anatomy | Thorax- wall and Bronchopulmonary segment | 4ab4ea10-69e7-43e6-b10d-0c4ce2dce005 | multi |
Berloque dermatitis is due to contact with - | B i.e. Cosmetics Berlock dermatitis is a phototoxic reaction due to bergamot fragrance oil (5 methoxy psoralen) present in some perfumes & cosmeticsQ. It causes erythema followed by prolonged hyperpigmentation after exposure to sun light. | 2 | Metals | Cosmetics | Food | Plants | Skin | null | b5d60080-8370-4c9e-97ab-d5bb7590d08d | single |
Which of the following is not a cognitive distoion or error? | Cognition refers to both the content of thought and the process involved in thinking. Cognitive distoions are errors in logic in the automatic thoughts and other cognition's of persons with emotional disorders. The cognitive errors described by Beck are arbitrary inference, selective abstraction, over generalization, m... | 1 | Thought block | Arbitrary inference | Over generalization | Dichotomous thinking | Psychiatry | null | 163e76f8-109b-40b0-ae2a-5782635d7db4 | single |
Which of the following vaccine is developed by Louis Pasteur? | Pasteur's contributions: Pasteur proved that all forms of life, even microbes, arose only from their like and not de novo. Introduced techniques of sterilization and developed steam sterilizer, hot-air oven and autoclave Developed vaccines against anthrax, rabies, chicken cholera Ref: Textbook of Microbiology By Ananth... | 4 | Anthrax | Rabies | Chicken cholera | All of the above | Microbiology | null | 4513ce3b-1155-4cae-95c6-a5a3741e72ea | multi |
Features of Turner's syndrome is/are:a) Secondary amenorrheab) Genotype XOc) Infertilityd) Streak ovarye) Coarctation of aorta | null | 1 | bcde | acd | ac | bd | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | e7da9618-dc3b-4004-abb9-9552a20733b5 | single |
An inexpensive and efficient method of sewage disposal for a small community is – | null | 2 | River outfall | Oxidation pond | Trickling filter | Activated sludge | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | d41e8a6b-1dc4-4cd7-8586-4960983fccfc | multi |
Action which halts the progression of a disease in early stage - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Secondary prevention Secondary prevention can be defined as "action which halts the progress of a disease at its incipient stage and prevents complications". | 3 | Primordial prevention | Primary prevention | Secondary prevention | Teiary prevention | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 1b0dbc98-bac8-41d4-a478-0577345ca4c6 | single |
Type 4 respiratory failure is due to? | Type 4 respiratory failure results from hypoperfusion of respiratory muscles in patients in shock.Normally,respiratory muscles consume<5% of the total cardiac output and O2 delivery.Patients in shock often experience respiratory distress due to pulmonary edema(eg.,patients in cardiogenic shock),lactic acidosis,and anem... | 2 | ARDS | Shock | Pneumonia | Perioperative atelectasis | Medicine | Respiratory system | 92fd4ebe-6016-4507-9676-be1d5e2e0252 | single |
The cells responsible for long lasting immune protection to a paicular pathogen are called | Memory B cells are more long-lasting and specific than memory T cells because memory B cells have more robust DNA repair mechanism (which provide ability to maintain somatic hypermutations) | 4 | T helper cells | B helper cells | T memory cells | B memory cells | Pathology | General pathology | 1b71b3e6-7601-45a1-8b92-0a5ced5d2f32 | multi |
Most common injured nerve after thyroidectomy is : | null | 1 | External laryngeal nerve | Recurrent laryngeal nerve | Superior laryngeal nerve | Nerve to omothoid | Surgery | null | 1c20e06e-f84a-4277-804f-4ab68f438136 | single |
Ram Prasad is admitted to Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital with respiratory infection for which antibiotic tobramycin is ordered. The clearance and vd of tobramycin in him are 160ml/min and 40L ,respectively.if you wish to give Ram Prasad and intravenous loading dose to achieve the therapeutic plasma concentration of 4mg/L ra... | Ref-Katzung 10/e p45 Loading dise= Vd xtarget Plasma concentration =40Lx4mg/L =160mg clearance plays no role in the determination of loading dose. it is given to confuse you | 4 | 0.1mg | 10mg | 115.2mg | 160mg | Anatomy | Other topics and Adverse effects | a2749e50-a593-438e-b8b9-270f4f648d52 | single |
Type of human papilloma virus associated with carcinoma cervix | High risk HPV: HPV-16, 18, 31, 33 & 45 → associated with cervical cancer.
Low risk HPV : HPV- 6 & 11 → associated with precursor lesions & CIN | 2 | Types 6,12,18 | Types 16,18,31 | Types 6,8,11 | Types 3,10,19 | Dental | null | eb37987a-878f-4745-80e6-40388967763a | single |
Macewan sign' is seen in - | Macewan sign is seen is stage of narcosis of acute alcohol intoxication. | 1 | Alcoholic intoxication | Organophosphorus poisoning | Barbiturate poisoning | Dhatura poisoning | Forensic Medicine | null | b45aeab3-f955-4fe4-b4ad-5a2b06918b6a | single |
Visceral leishmaniasis is predisposed by | null | 3 | Sickle cell anemia | Renal transplantation | G6PD deficiency | AIDS | Medicine | null | 4483ecfc-7c65-4419-9332-52a48ab2c531 | single |
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is used for- | Ans is 'a' i.e., Breast carcinoma Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy* For breast cancer sentinel lymph node is the largest lymph node in axilla and is the first to receive the lymph and potential metastases drained from the breast.* Intraoperative lymphatic mapping and biopsy of the sentinel lymph node initially in... | 1 | Breast carcinoma | Penile cacinoma | Retroperitoneal sarcoma | Hepatic carcinoma | Surgery | Breast | c0aa4d2f-3855-43be-a0cc-af6d8dff3c42 | single |
Consider the following with reference to the management of poal hypeension surgery | Surgeries for poal hypeension * Devascularisation surgeries * Decompression surgeries * Ohotopic liver transplant (OLT) Surgeries for oesophageal varices and poal hypeension Nonselective shunts * End to side poa caval shunt (ECK fistula) * Side to side poa caval shunt * Mesenteric-caval shunt * Mesenteric-caval shunt w... | 2 | Influsion of vasopression | General resuscitation | Devascularisation procedure | Endoscopic sclerotherapy | Surgery | G.I.T | 08e7d251-c426-4ed7-a434-c46e0a44c59f | single |
DOC for Trichomonas vaginalis ? | Simultaneous treatment of both paners is recommended as it is an STD. Metronidazole 2 g orally as a single dose or 500 mg orally twice a day for 7 days is the drug of choice. In patients not responding to treatment with standard regime, the dose of metronidazole may be increased or it may be administered parenterally. ... | 1 | Metronidazole | Ampicillin | Cotrimoxazole | None of the above | Microbiology | Parasitology Pa 1 (Protozoology) | b0ec5ce1-093f-4aff-a631-788ca53d5318 | multi |
To diagnose prolonged latent phase in a nulliparous women, latent phase should be prolonged for | ParityProlonged latent phaseNulliparous> 20 hoursMultiparous> 14 hoursReference: William's Obstetrics; 25th edition; Chapter 23; Abnormal Labor | 4 | > 6 hours | > 10 hours | > 14 hours | > 20 hours | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics | ab7deb32-4778-481c-a819-edfb01886140 | single |
In later phases of plaque development the organism predominates | null | 3 | Staphylococci | Streptococci | Rods and filaments | Vibrio and spirochetes | Dental | null | 21ee69dd-f183-4d85-88ce-99666562c1d0 | single |
Janani Suraksha Yojana includes? | ANSWER: (B) Institutional deliveriesREF: Park 22nd ed Page 419Repeat Community Medicine December 2011 | 2 | Tetanus immunization | Institutional deliveries | Iron supplementation | Abortions | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health Programmes in India | ebd1255d-47d2-4f3f-b08f-037f643655bc | single |
In which case spontaneus regression is not seen - | Ans is 'b' ie Osteosarcoma | 2 | Malignant Melanoma | Osteosarcoma | Neuroblastoma | Choriocarcinoma | Surgery | null | 326ec53c-9796-4171-b892-74d003b04dbd | single |
Opioid available as nasal spray formulation is ? | Ans. is'c'i.e., Butorphanol [Ref: KDT 7h/e p. 482)Butorphanol - Nasal spray (Stadol) | 3 | Tramadol | Codiene | Butorphanol | Buprenorphine | Pharmacology | null | 0cbb1665-7fbd-44b1-bc25-5e8a95d0cfd6 | single |
Yolk sac is visible on USG first at | yolk sac should be seen on transabdominal scanning when the mean sac diameter (MSD) is 20 mm or at a gestational age of 7 weeks and is usually seen endovaginally with an MSD of 8-10 mm or gestational age of 5.5 weeks.The gestational sac (GS) is the first sign of early pregnancy on ultrasound The threshold level identif... | 3 | 4th week POG | Early 5th week POG | Late 5th week POG | 6th week POG | Radiology | All India exam | a865ae13-e387-4dfc-9cb8-24524b6fdc2e | single |
Leptospira in diagnostic labs is grown in | Leptospira can be grown in media enriched with rabbit serum. several liquid and semi-solid media, such as Kohof's, Stua's and Fletcher's media, have been described. Semisynthetic media such as EMJH are now commonly used. They are aerobic and microaerophilic. Ref: Textbook of microbiology; Ananthanarayan and paniker's; ... | 2 | Skirrows medium | EMJH medium | BYCE agar | Pike medium | Microbiology | Bacteriology | 49a58032-28e2-4992-b236-14ee3a3c646b | single |
Regarding diagnostic use of FSH in menopause, true is all except | FSH levels are of no use at predicting when menopause will occur. | 3 | Test is best done on day 3 → 5 of the cycle. | Two measurements at least 2 weeks to 3 months apart is recommended. | Useful to predict when menopause will occur. | Monitoring FSH levels on treatment is of little value. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | b2369aeb-f841-42ac-97cd-fc94edff98b8 | multi |
All of the following are thermal modalities except | Stretch receptors are mechanoreceptors responsive to distention of various organs and muscles and are neurologically linked to the medulla in the brain stem afferent nerve fibers. Examples include stretch receptors in the arm and leg muscles and tendons, in the hea, in the colon wall, and in the lungs. | 3 | Cold receptor | Warm receptor | Stretch receptor | Ressure receptor | Physiology | Nervous system | a3352513-6da7-466b-a024-f95e70b44767 | multi |
Xanthochromia of CSF seen in all except: | Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th ed, page 46-1Explanation:Xanthochromia is yellow' discoloration of CSF supernatant. Seen in:SAHJaundiceIncreased proteins (>1.5-2 g/L)Froin's syndrome (spinal subarachnoid block, xanthochromia & excess proteins)Carotene addictionBloody tap Vs SAHBloody tapSAHCSF cle... | 1 | Bloody tap | Carotene | Increased antibodies | Increased proteins | Medicine | C.N.S. | 6a17f60e-70ac-4ec2-8930-e80f4f42cae4 | multi |
Noguchi's medium is used for? | Borrelia refringens was isolated from five of ten clinical specimens by use of a modification of the Noguchi technique. An enriched anaerobic medium is described for the cultivation of B. refringens with retention of morphological characteristics. Ref ananthnarayana and panikers microbiology textbook | 3 | Bordetella | Brucella | Borrellia | Corynebacterium | Microbiology | general microbiology | 8f8f1f8d-d3ce-47b3-a802-709651149d6c | single |
In a Chi - square test for the following data, the degree of freedom will be: | Degree of freedom (d.f):
It depends upon the number of columns and rows in the original table.
d.f = (column-1) (row-1)
= (3-1) (2-1)
= 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | Dental | null | eb2c9614-9a74-43be-b4b3-22e4d77fce39 | single |
Emergency radiotherapy is given in- | D i.e. All Emergency radiotherapy is given in following conditions? 1.Neoplastic cardiac temponadeQ 2. Acute epidural spinal cord compressionQ 3. Severe hypercalcemia 4. Superior vena Cava syndromeQ 5. Tumor lysis syndromeQ | 4 | Superior vena cava syndrome | Pericardial temponade | Increased ICP | All | Radiology | null | 7f37dd2f-733a-4da3-993f-82f9e935a648 | multi |
Treatment of choice for adenomyosis is | Treatment of adenomyosis: Diagnostic hysteroscopy combined with curretage is the initial management Total hysterectomy is the treatment in elderly Ref: Shaw Gynecology 17 e pg 186. | 4 | Estrogens only | OCP | Laser endoscopy | Hysterectomy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Endometriosis and dysmenorrhea | a45b077f-2131-41a3-8a89-98e7cff2ce32 | single |
Delayed eruption of teeth occurs in | null | 3 | Craniofacial dysostosis | Hyperthyroidism | Cleidocranial dysostosis | Osteitis deformans | Pathology | null | 36895e78-2fe1-4b4d-a962-e81432a20da2 | single |
Most sensitive and specific investigation for screening of Renovascular hypeension | C i.e. Spiral CT Scan (CTA) - The presence of aerial collaterals indicates that renal aery stenosis is hemodynamically significantQ. The diameter of stenotic segment may also give an indication of hemodynamic significance, but is only reliable if the stenosis is either very severe or minimal. Conventional contrast rena... | 3 | MRI | Captopril enhanced radionuclide scan | Spiral CT angiography (CTA) | Duplex - Doppler flow study | Radiology | null | 07e2d1bc-098f-4ed0-92a4-30f3f139385a | single |
Driving a car is possible due to | (A) Implicit memory# TYPES OF LONG TERM MEMORY:> Implicit memory, Explicit memory> Long term memory = Implicit memory + Explicit memory# EXPLICIT MEMORIES are memories that we can consciously remember. Most of what we commonly consider "memory" is explicitly memory. Answers you give on an exam are a product of explicit... | 1 | Implicit memory | Recent memory | Remote memory | All of the above | Physiology | Misc. | 513df622-af73-4ab3-8de7-6653d6148e6b | multi |
Which of the following is not true regarding tubercular osteomyelitis | peiosteal reaction is usually not seen in tubercular osteomyelitis. Tuberculous osteomyelitis * Bone Tuberculosis * Hematogenous spread of organisms from an active focus of tuberculosis : -- lung (common) -- mediastinal or aoic lymph nodes -- kidney -- bowel * Most common in children&youngs * The veebrae and the long b... | 2 | It is secondary to TB | Periosteal reaction is seen | Sequestrum is uncommon | inflammation is minimum | Anatomy | Skeletal infections | e8781a28-b5cc-44ab-a0ae-dbcb3f60bb0a | multi |
Blood in urine in a patient in labour is diagnostic of: | Blood in urine in a patient in labour is indicative of scar rupture.Previous history of classical cesarean section makes woman vulnerable to unpredictable rupture of uterus. (DC DUTTA TB of obstetrics 8th edtn pg 383) | 1 | impending scar rupture | Urethral injury | Obstructed labour | Cystitis | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Abnormal labor | 6a127842-c15c-4435-8607-d6ff297388da | single |
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