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46 year old female presented to OPD with complaints of breathlessness, purulent copious cough for 6 weeks. She lost 6 kg in 1.5 months. She was put on Clarithromycin and prednisolone for 2 weeks but there was no improvement in her condition . Chest Xray demonstrated persistent consolidation in the left lower lobe. What... | From the h/o purulent productive cough , loss of weight , and imaging study demonstrating consolidation in lung , adenocarcinoma in situ is a possibility and should be actively excluded by obtaining histology. Adenocarcinoma- seen in females & non smokers On CT scan , AIS is a nonsolid nodule On h/p, AIS shows lepidic ... | 1 | Adenocarcinoma in situ | Atypical pneumonia | Mesothelioma | Organising pneumonia | Medicine | Miscellaneous Questions | 76670103-a2a9-4a03-809b-4d177225c5ca | single |
A dairy farmer presented to the dermatology OPD with an ulcer with central black eschar over the forearm .Which of the following media will be used as selective medium for the growth of responsible organism? | Based on the profession of the person and clinical description of the lesionits most likely cutaneous anthrax (the most common form of Anthrax) and a selective medium used for it is PLET(polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallous acetate) medium. Neisseria meningitidis Thayer main medium B.pseudomallei Ashdown medium Brucella Ca... | 1 | PLET medium | Ashdown medium | Casteneda medium | Thayer main medium | Microbiology | Bacteriology | 7c40c1c5-e7e2-4d2c-864a-4b9791412818 | single |
Cold agglutinins are seen in? | Ans is 'a' i.e. Influenza Cold agglutinin hemolytic anemiao This form of hemolytic anemia is caused by cold agglutinin IgM antibodies. Antibodies react with RBC at 0deg to 4degC. Both intravascular and extravascular hemolysis may occuro Causes of cold agglutinin immunohemolytic anemiaMycoplasma infection, IMN, CMV, Inf... | 1 | Influenza | PAN | Multiple myeloma | SLE | Unknown | null | b0c75adc-6df7-4f62-8da4-5e8c2321ab76 | single |
Cellular and flagellar movement is carried out by all of the following except | Intermediate filament is 8 to 14 nm in diameter and is made up of various subunits. Some of these filaments connect the nuclear membrane to the cell membrane. They form a flexible scaffolding for the cell and help it resist external pressure. In their absence, cells rupture more easily, and when they are abnormal in hu... | 1 | Intermediate filaments | Actin | Tubulin | Myosin | Physiology | General physiology | 6c6343a6-49d6-4335-b55e-d48d53009bed | multi |
The drug which can be considered as an alternative for splenectomy in severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia is: | Rituximab is effective in more than 80% of patients with severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia not responding to steroids. Ref: Harrison's principles of internal medicine, 18th edition ; Page :882. | 3 | Adalimubab | Eculizumab | Rituximab | IV immunoglobulin | Medicine | null | 258634fd-57ce-43eb-8684-6e36abdbb2e2 | single |
Rate limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 7a-hydroxylase About half of the cholesterol in the body is ultimately metabolized to bile acids. The primary bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol in liver. These are cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid. Rate limiting enzyme in primary bile acids synthesis is 7a - hydroxylase (cholesterol 7a ... | 3 | Desmolase | 21 a-hydroxylase | 7a-hydroxylase | 12a-hydroxylase | Biochemistry | null | 1cedb5a8-51b0-49d4-b36a-51b6738f6261 | single |
Risk of endocarditis among the following is highest in | Risk of endocarditis - Ventricular septal defect > patent ductus arteriosus > Atrial septal defect. | 1 | Ventricular septal defect | Patent ductus arteriosus | Atrial septal defect | Mitral stenosis | Pediatrics | null | b827d3fe-58c7-41e0-8d00-0bd5e374352f | single |
The type of hemoglobin that has least affinity for 1, 3- Diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) or (2, 3-BPG) is | Fetal hemoglobin has least affinity for 13diphosphoglycerate Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number: 312,313,314 | 2 | Hg A | Hg F | HB | Hg A2 | Physiology | Respiratory system | 39e50e82-7173-4969-bb63-4838208c765b | single |
All are autosomal recessive except: (Repeat) | Ans: D (Huntington's chorea) Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th edition, page 3148Explanation: (See the following table) | 4 | Haemochromatosis | Sickle cell anaemia | Friederich ataxia | B. Huntington's chorea | Medicine | Genetics | b0e39ab4-aa7a-4f88-846c-b18dc9474b80 | multi |
Nagayama spots is seen in | Ulcer at Uvulopalatoglossal junction is called Nagayama spots caused by Roseola infantum. | 4 | Measles | Mumps | Rubella | Roseola infantum | Pediatrics | null | a8d42114-bf9d-46e7-bf2b-15c6ae11af19 | single |
The scientist who discovered the transmission of malaria by anopheline mosquito - | Discovery Malarial parasite-Charles Laveran Life cycle-A.Bignami,B.Grassi, G.Bastianelli Anopheles species are vectors-Ronald Ross Culture malarial parasite-Trager and Jensen (refer pgno:54 baveja 3 rd edition ) | 3 | Laveran | Paul muller | Ronal Ross | Pampana | Microbiology | parasitology | c4ee82c1-c51d-4ad6-8d38-8b1d5fcd7464 | single |
A 40 year old patient is suffering from carotid body tumor. Which of the following is the best choice of treatment for him- | Carotid Body Tumor (Chemodectoma) Arises from chemoreceptor cells on the medial side of carotid bulb Histologically it is a non-chromaffin paraganglioma Usually benign, unifocal and non-heriditary, schamblin classification is used for carotid body tumor. Associated with pheochromocytoma Higher incidence in areas where ... | 1 | Excision of tumor | Radiotherapy | Chemotherapy | Carotid aery ligation | Anatomy | Head and neck | 536b6cc0-42ea-43b2-abe3-5399d150627e | single |
Doughnut granuloma is a finding of :- | A fibrin ring granuloma also known as doughnut granuloma is a histopathological finding that is characteristic of Q fever. On H & E stain, fibrin ring granuloma consists of a central lipid vacuole surrounded by a dense red fibrin ring and epithelioid macrophages Fibrin ring granulomas may also be seen in Hodgkin's dise... | 2 | RMSF | Q fever | Lyme disease | Ehrlichiosis | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Haemophilus, Yersinia, Spirochaetes, Ricketssia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma and Miscellaneous Bacteria) | da6327a2-d9fe-4492-ad82-c040801789db | single |
Which type of collagen fibers demonstrates "Chicken wire" configuration? | null | 4 | Type I | Type II | Type III | Type IV | Dental | null | a1ed0ce2-4dab-41cf-a8b5-41e368549b28 | single |
Psammoma bodies are seen in the following except ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Mucinous cysadenoma of ovary | 2 | Serous cystadenoma of ovary | Mucinous cysadenoma of ovary | Meningioma | Papillary carcinoma of thyroid | Pathology | null | 7562e00d-73b5-48c3-b618-d00fd799860b | multi |
Which of the following is not a component of superficial perineal pouch? | Ans. a. Sphincter urethrae (Ref: BDC 5/e vol-Il p361-64: Keith Moore 6/e p404-6; Gray's 40/e p1093-97)Sphincter urethrae is not a component of superficial perineal pouch."Root, crura and bulb of penis (corpus spongiosa and corpora cavernosa), bulbospongiosus muscle, ducts of bulbourethral gland, and posterior scrotal n... | 1 | Sphincter urethrae | Buibospongiosus | Posterior scrotal nerves | Duct of bulbourethral glands | Anatomy | Pelvis | db5fef4c-5673-4572-a1a0-e8ba1eb2a1b6 | single |
The most common cause of renal scarring in a 3 years old child is: | c. Vesicoureteral reflux induced pyelonephritis(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2562-2567Ghai 8/e p 485-486)Most common cause of renal scarring in a child is VUR-induced pyelonephritis. | 3 | Trauma | Tuberculosis | Vesicoureteral reflux induced pyelonephritis | Interstitial nephritis | Pediatrics | Kidney | 229d0293-4026-41a2-b998-6cc9e8fd2185 | single |
Loeys-Dietz Syndrome is characterized by all of the following Except | Loeys-Dietz syndrome is phenotypically distinct from Marfan syndrome. It is characterized as an aneurysmal syndrome with widespread systemic involvement. Loeys-Dietz syndrome is an aggressive, autosomal dominant condition that is distinguished by the triad of aerial touosity and aneurysms, hypeelorism (widely spaced ey... | 4 | Aerial aneurysms | Hypeelorism | Bifid uvula | Mutations in the gene encoding filamin A (FLNA) | Medicine | C.V.S | 6613425a-7521-46f7-b26e-a9acc8224563 | multi |
All of the following therapies may be required in a 1 hour old infant with severe bih asphyxia except ____________ | Treatment with dexamethasone in neonatal asphyxia initiates hypoxic ischaemic brain injury. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | 2 | Glucose | Dexamethasone | Calcium gluconate | Normal saline | Pediatrics | New born infants | 42321a74-3f1e-44d7-b2a5-679d5eb311bc | multi |
In DNA transfer the vectors used to inse smallest to largest DNA is | Most general plasmids may be used to clone DNA inse of up to 15 kb in size. Phages can readily accept DNA fragments 10 to 20 kb longCosmids can carry inses of chimeric DNA that are 35 to 50 kb long.Ref: Harper 30th edition pg: 455 | 2 | Cosmids, Plasmids, Bacteriophage | Plasmids, Bacteriophage, Cosmids | Bacteriophage, Cosmids, Plasmids | Cosmids, Bacteriophage, Plasmids | Biochemistry | Structure and function of protein | 59dbcd33-5bca-43c6-88f7-e3d53b435918 | multi |
Casoni Test is used to detect infection caused by which of the following organism? | Casoni's test is used in the diagnosis of Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus. In this test, 0.2ml of sterile hydatid fluid is injected intradermally into one arm. This test is considered to be positive if large wheal, 5 cm in diameter with multiple pseudopodia develop in 30 minutes. Other test used to d... | 3 | Syphilis | Toxocariasis | Echinococcus granulosus | Trichinellosis | Microbiology | null | 7a06ba56-75e0-41a9-aa95-9628f7c0f806 | single |
A cystic, transilluminant, painless scrotal swelling presented with testes separately palpable. The procedure to be done is | (A) Lords' procedure # Hydrocele is a collection of serous fluid that results from a defect or irritation in the tunica vaginalis of the scrotum. Hydroceles also may arise in the spermatic cord or the canal of Nuck.> Structurally, hydroceles are classified into 3 principal types.> In a communicating (congenital) hydroc... | 1 | Lords' procedure | Hunters' procedure | Gibbons' procedure | Ombredanne's procedure | Surgery | Miscellaneous | 5c0d9ea8-b9b0-4533-9251-c29e73f4abc4 | single |
Which of the following veins is found in relation to the paraduodenal fossa? | The paraduodenal recess / fossa is present in about 20% of subjects. The inferior mesenteric vein lies in the free edge of the peritonial fold. Ref: Last's Anatomy, 11th Edition, Page 263 ; Cunningham's Textbook of Anatomy By Daniel John Cunningham, Page 1186; Meyers' Dynamic Radiology of the Abdomen: Normal and Pathol... | 1 | Inferior mesentric vein | Middle colic vein | Left colic vein | Splenic vein | Anatomy | null | 24ad118d-f2bf-4060-8e40-6def4707e9f7 | single |
Which form of plague can spread from person to person? | In cases of bubonic plague, bacilli are locked up within the lymph nodes and are not infective. Pneumonic plague is highly infectious and spreads from person to person through droplet method. Ref: Park 21st edition: page 270. | 2 | Bubonic plague | Pneumonic plague | Septicaemic plague | None of the above. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 072f9863-c588-48d7-9cde-2d78fd473683 | multi |
In congenital diaphragmatic hernia all are seen except- | null | 2 | Common on left side | Abdominal distension | Can be detected antenatally | Heart beat shifted to right | Surgery | null | 89bb34bb-0bf7-463a-ae0b-ea383c615228 | multi |
Dietery factors associated with colon carcinoma -a) High fiberb) Low fiberc) Smoked fishd) High fat intakee) Japanese are common to develop Ca colon | A high incidence of colorectal cancer is seen in economically prosperous, upper socioeconomic class. This observation led to attention on environmental factors, particularly diet in the etiology of colon cancer.
Dietary factors associated with colon cancers are:
Animal fat
diet high in animal fats such as found in r... | 4 | abc | ade | ace | bde | Surgery | null | e0cfb9e7-c02a-455d-b0d1-d1f90351189a | single |
Potassium Iodide given for cough acts as | Potassium Iodide is an expectorant that increases bronchial secretion either directly by irritating bronchial glands or indirectly by causing gastric irritation. | 2 | Central antitussive | Expectorant | Peripheral antitussive | Mucolytic | Pharmacology | null | f278e2e5-9680-4bcc-b6ec-c0ac310a0e4a | single |
A male was brought unconscious to the hospital with external injuries. CT brain showed no midline shift, but basal cisterns were compressed with multiple small hemorrhages. What is the diagnosis – | Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and Cerebral contusions are the most common primary brain injuries in non-penetrating trauma to head, comprising almost 95% of primary injuries.
Diffuse axonal injury
(the most common primary brain injury), there is a shearing injury of axons most commonly at the cortico-medullary junction,... | 4 | Cortical contusion | Cerebral laceration | Multiple infarcts | Diffuse axonal injuries | Radiology | null | c2edbeff-623c-4fbe-a020-e5b26c4c8360 | multi |
Which of the changes occur in bone growth ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Increased osteocalcin Bone growth o Osteoblasts are the cell in bone which form the bone.o Osteoclasts cause resorption of bone.o Osteoblasts and osteoclasts act in coordination and are considered the functional unit of bone know as the basic multicellular unit (BMU).o The processes of bone formation ... | 4 | Increased acid phosphatase | Increased urinary calcium | Increased bone nucleotidase | Increased osteocalcin | Pathology | null | 06e76c96-932d-4eb5-a493-43a2869422e6 | single |
S 100 is a marker of ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above o S 100 is normally present in cells derived from the neural crest (Schwann cells, melanocytes, and glial cells), chondrocytes, adipocytes, myoepithelial cells, macrophages, Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, and keratinocytes. It may be present in some breast epithelial cells. o S 10... | 4 | Melanoma | Schwannoma | Histiocytoma | All of the above | Pathology | null | 1ab8f77e-189b-4089-8839-444b8e3ab070 | multi |
A copolymer which has a direct chain of one type and branches of other type is called a | null | 1 | Graft copolymer | Block copolymer | Random polymerisation | Branched chain polymerization | Dental | null | 54c1c34e-e850-4306-a4fc-c43b316fac6b | multi |
Hepatitis B can transmitted through all of the following routes EXCEPT: | However universal precaution is not needed for breast milk (no occupational hazard), Human breast milk has been implicated in perinatal transmission of HIV, and HBsAg has been found in the milk of mothers infected with HBV (REF: JAMA 1988; 259:1353-6. Lifson AR, Bond WW, Petersen NJ, Gravelle CR, Favero MS. Hepatitis B... | 3 | Milk | Semen | Stool | Blood | Medicine | null | 597a8418-18bb-4b2a-983a-effadd359927 | multi |
A patient with low-grade fever and weight loss has a poor excursion on the right side of the chest with decreased fremitus, dullness to percussion, and decreased breath sound all on the right. The trachea has deted to the left. The most likely diagnosis is | The diagnosis in this patient is suggested by the physical exam findings.The findings of poor excursion, the flatness of percussion, and decreased fremitus on the right side are all consistent with a right-sided pleural effusion.A large right-sided effusion may shift the trachea to the left. A pneumothorax should resul... | 2 | Pneumothorax | Pleural effusion | Consolidated pneumonia | Atelectasis | Microbiology | All India exam | c6047cfc-b857-4696-8729-7a6e18c51380 | multi |
Referred pain from ureteric colic is felt in the groin due to involvement of the following nerve: | Ans. (c) Ilio Inguinal nerve > Ilio hypogastric nerve* Ilio inguinal nerve supplies the medial side of thigh and hence pain radiation more chances from Ilio Inguinal nerve, (loin to groin)* Loin to testicles - Genital Br of GF nerve | 3 | Subcostal | Iliohypogastric | Ilioinguinal | Genitofemoral | Surgery | Kidney & Ureturs | 973fdd67-058b-419a-835c-03302dfd88a4 | single |
Increased incidence of reaction to L.A will occur by | null | 1 | Rapid rate of injection | Using an aspirating technique | Addition of vaso constrictor to the solution | Premedication with barbiturate | Surgery | null | f59c5b87-f89b-4a6a-b5d2-52f51e246792 | single |
Elements of primary health care include all of the following except - | Elements of primary health care education concerning prevailing health problems and the method of preventing and controlling them Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition An adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation Maternal and child health care including family planning Immunization against major infect... | 3 | Adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation | Providing essential drugs | Sound referral system | Health education | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health care of community & international health | 5a501c7c-ca99-4fb7-9778-2da6199bdc64 | multi |
Hypopigmented lesions are seen in - | In melasma brown / grey brown macular pigmentation with well defined scalloped margins. Pigmentation darkens on sun exposure. Lichen planus pigmentosus produces hyperpigmented slate grey to bluish black coloured macules. melasma is a accquired hyperpigmentary disorder characterised by brownish black or bluish macules o... | 3 | Melasma | Lichen planus pigmentosus | Pityriasis alba | Uicaria pigmentosa | Dental | Skin lesions and disorders of pigmentation | 0b03bb9a-f6c6-48c8-a42d-44193b33b9fd | single |
Most essential medicines are formulated as | Essential medicines are those that satisfy the priority health care needs of the population. Criteria for selection of essential medicines Essential medicines are selected with due regard to disease prevalence and public health relevance, evidence of clinical efficacy and safety, and comparative costs and cost-effectiv... | 2 | No compound | Single compound | Multiple compound | Fixed dose combination | Anatomy | General anatomy | 55378779-7c60-44a5-b00e-ded9707471e9 | single |
Circulatory shock is an example of | null | 2 | Hypoxic Hypoxia | Stagnant Hypoxia | Histotoxic Hypoxia | Anemic Hypoxia | Physiology | null | b19dc1c0-79b4-4377-a423-81c7257737e7 | single |
All of the following are contraindications to tocolysis except: | Ans. is d, i.e. Placenta previaRef. Dutta Obs. 7/e, p 319Contraindications to tocolysis* Chorioamnionitis* Advanced labor* Abruption* Congenital anomalies not compatible with life* Preeclampsia/eclampsia* Fetal distress* IUFD* Pregnancy >34 weeksAs far as placenta previa is concerned tocolysis is not contraindicated Ma... | 4 | Chorioamnionitis | Fetal distress | Anencephaly | Placenta previa | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Normal Labour | 563887fe-b6f3-44a1-b53e-f45932511bf5 | multi |
A probable etiology of gingivosis is? | null | 2 | High progesterone levels | Deficiency of estrogen and testosterone | Pregnancy | Aldosterone deficiency | Dental | null | 6ded3e94-6b9f-44b5-9f3c-605a6015bfdc | single |
Bipolar disorder is child is detected by | (D) All of the above # Genetic Hypothesis: The life-time risk for the first degree relatives of bipolar mood disorder patients is 25%, and of recurrent depressive disorder patients is 20%.> The life-time risk for the children of one parent with mood disorder is 27% and of both parents with mood disorder is 74%.> The co... | 4 | Family history of bipolar disorder | Delayed sleep onset | Ventricular dilatation | All of the above | Medicine | Miscellaneous | 054ffea6-d0fd-4082-bbf4-a50d6c2ccf14 | multi |
The caudate lobe of liver corresponds to which segment of Counaud's classification : | Caudate lobe is segment I
Quadrate lobe is segment IVa
The caudate lobe (segment I) is the dorsal portion of the liver and embraces the IVC. It lies posterior to the left portal triad inferiorly and left and middle hepatic vein superiorly.
Caudate lobe is unique in sense that
it receives blood supply from both the ri... | 1 | Segment I | Segment II | Segment III | Segment IV | Surgery | null | cd6cf846-f389-4684-a363-c8f39e67087a | single |
During evaluation of the cause of varicocele in a 36-year-old man, attention is directed to the method of drainage of the left testicular vein, which usually enters which of the following? | The left testicular vein empties into the left renal vein, and the right testicular vein empties into the IVC. Partial occlusion of the right renal vein is an uncommon cause of varicocele and may signify an associated retroperitoneal malignancy. | 2 | Left adrenal vein | Left renal vein | Left inferior mesenteric vein | Inferior vena cava (IVC) | Surgery | Urethra & Penis | bc67b41a-f226-4daa-8caf-4029f3cc9114 | multi |
All of the following are adverse effects of thioamide group of antithyroid drugs except? | Thioamide group of drugs includes carbimazole,methimazole and Propylthiouracil.
Agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia are rare adverse effect seen with this group of drugs.Propylthiouracil carries the risk of hepatotoxicity. | 4 | Agranulocytosis | Aplastic anemia | Liver toxicity | Lung fibrosis | Pharmacology | null | 59f3bb64-aac4-45ec-b91b-02bc5cb679a2 | multi |
Which of the following is the mechanism of action of local anaesthetics? | "Local anaesthetics block the conduction of action potential by blocking voltage gated Na+ channels". Ref: Medical Pharmacology at a Glance By Michael J. Neal 4/e, Page 15 ; Instant Pharmacology By Kourosh Saeb Parsy, Ravi G, Assomul, Fakkar J. Khan, Kasra Saeb Parsy, Eamonn Kelly; Page 123 | 1 | Block Na+ channel | Block K+ channel | Open Na+ channel | Block Ca+ channel | Anaesthesia | null | 1ebc63bd-ddd4-4c29-9bf1-2056f010df68 | single |
Definition of hypertrophy is? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Increase in size of cells Hypertrophy* Hypertrophy refers to an increase in the size of cells without an increase in the number, resulting in an increase in the size of tissue. Hypertrophy involves cell enlargement without cell division. So, the hypertrophied organ has just larger cells, but no new ce... | 2 | Increased protein content of the cells | Increase in size of cells | Increase in number of cells | None of the above | Unknown | null | 767a40fc-69a3-48cf-b543-c294050bd6a1 | multi |
Acute lung injury is caused by all of the following except - | Ans. is 'None' o ARDS is an acute diffuse alveolar injury that is caused by variety of aetiological factors. o Patients with ARDS are often seriously ill with some other disease and features ofARDS are superimposed on them. Causes ofARDS Direct lung injury o Pneumonia o Aspiration of gastric contents o Inhalational inj... | 4 | Aspiration | Toxic gas inhalation | Cardiopulmonary bypass with hea lung machine | null | Pathology | null | 2203af7e-2e9a-4b1d-8738-49f0e6002bd5 | multi |
Spuriously high BP is seen in all except | The auscultatory gap may give a falsely low recording of systolic BP, not spuriously high BP. In older patients with wide pulse pressure and in some hypeensive patients, the korotkoff sounds may become inaudible between SBP and DBP, reappear as cuff deflation continues, this is known as auscultatory gap. Small cuff siz... | 1 | Ausculatory BP | Small cuff | Thick calcified vessel | Obesity | Physiology | Cardiovascular system | 3a0ba221-44fb-4684-8887-6f3dc3bb1264 | multi |
Heat stiffening in muscles occurs above temperature (degC) - | Heat stiffening of muscles occur in temperature above 60 degree celsius due to denaturation and coagulation of muscle proteins. It simulates rigor mois. This remains till decomposition stas and there was no rigor mois. Dr. Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 27 th edition pg. 80. | 4 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | Forensic Medicine | Death and postmortem changes | 00f1de38-222e-4763-ae4b-95e86fbbfad7 | multi |
The treatment of choice for squamous cell anal cancer? | Squamous cell anal cancer is rare but associated with Human papilloma virus infection (HPV), Anal intra-epithelial neoplasia (AIN) and immunosuppression. The current treatment of anal canal carcinoma is chemoradiotherapy (combined modality therapy). Chemotherapy include a combination of 5-FU with mitomycin C or Cisplat... | 2 | Laser fulgaration | Chemoradiotherapy | Abdominoperennial resection | Platinum-based chemotherapy | Surgery | null | fed94799-4858-4e05-8faf-f11fcf294d27 | single |
Vital bleaching temperature | The temperature safely tolerated by pulp is 115-140 °F | 2 | 100-115℉ | 115-140℉ | 140-160℉ | 160℉ - till patient tolerates | Dental | null | 04d1777a-45b3-4bab-a3bb-a11c6a2ec6dd | single |
True about battered baby syndrome: | Ans. d. AllThe clinical manifestations of Battered baby syndromes are: bruises, scars, internal organ damage, and fractures in various stages of healing.CLINICAL FINDINGSBruisesIt is most commonly seen.Accidental--It is thin, leading surfaces overlying bone edges (e.g., shins)Non-accidental-- Back of hands, Buttock reg... | 4 | Posterior rib fracture may be seen in X-ray | Injury at the side of metaphysic is specific | Epiphyseal injury is common | All | Pediatrics | Miscellaneous | 1aa44743-5a9b-44af-a169-94c45f9b19b5 | multi |
Kwashiorkor and Marasmus are two types of malnutrition. All of the following are features of Kwashiorkor EXCEPT? | Kwashiorkor Marasmus 1. Edma Present Absent 2. Appetite Poor Voracious 3. CNS Apathy, Lethargy Active & Ale 4. Hepatomegaly Seen Not seen 5. skin & Hair Changes More common (Skin: Flaky Paint Dermatosis) (Hair: Flag sign) Less common | 2 | Child appears edematous | He has good appetite | He is apathetic and lethargic | Hepatomegaly may be seen | Pediatrics | Paediatrics | 80c9fa53-0929-4164-9401-892ded7b904b | multi |
A 63-year-old man develops edema, and dyspnea on exertion. He has no prior cardiac or renal conditions, and his examination is significant for macroglossia, elevated jugular venous pressure (JVP), hepatomegaly, and 3+ pedal edema. His investigations reveal 3.5 g/d of protein in the urine, anemia, normal fasting glucose... | (a) Source: (Kasper, p. 2027) In addition to peripheral motor and sensory neuropathy, cardiac involvement, tongue enlargement, gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations, and carpal tunnel syndrome are also seen in amyloidosis. The specific diagnosis requires tissue biopsy with presence of amyloid with specific stains. In pr... | 1 | peripheral motor and sensory neuropathy | spinal cord compression in the lumbar region | spinal cord compression in the thoracic region | a peripheral neuropathy associated with cerebral manifestations | Medicine | Endocrinology | fce96470-4109-4080-99f8-479831d955cf | single |
Rigler&;s Sign is seen in : | Pneumoperitoneum: Best projection to demonstrate pneumoperitoneum: Chest X-Ray If the patient cannot get into an erect position then left lateral decubitus projection is required Patient should be in that position for 10 minn at least for air rise up By careful technique even 1 ml of air can be detected Supine Film Sig... | 4 | Ulcerative colitis | Crohn's disease | Megacolon | Pneumoperitoneum | Surgery | G.I.T | 858c3841-4d09-45d3-aaa9-63d93aeb8ef4 | single |
SARS causative agent - | null | 1 | Corona-virus | Picorna-virus | Myxovirus | Retrovirus | Medicine | null | 350fb860-6433-4968-8a17-d56ed9c190f3 | single |
Rape is defined under: | Ans. (B). 375 IPC(Ref: The essentials of forensic medicine and toxicology; Dr. KS Narayana Reddy, 33rd edition; Page no: 411)According to 375 IPC, Sexual intercourse with a girl under 18 years of ageQ with or without her consent is statutory rape.The minimum age of wife to give consent for sexual intercourse is also 18... | 2 | Sec. 320 IPC | Sec. 375 IPC | Sec. 376 IPC | Sec. 351 IPC | Forensic Medicine | Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn | c63b2d76-7dfe-4dda-90e0-5872c9ac3151 | single |
True statement about paralysis of recurrent laryngeal nerve is | Paralysis of recurrent laryngeal nerve common on the left side. The common causes are Bronchogenic cancer Accidental trauma Thyroid surgery Thyroid disease (benign or malignant Cervical lymphadenopathy Carcinoma cervical oesophagus Carcinoma thoracic oesophagus Aoic aneurysm Mediastinal lymphadenopathy Ref: PL Dhingra ... | 1 | Common on left side | 50% idiopathic | Cord will lie laterally | Speech therapy given | ENT | Larynx | 6cada6ac-3f04-40c0-84f0-2f845a6a6c69 | multi |
A man has recurrent uicaria following exercise and coming out in sun. Diagnosis is: | Ans. a. Cholinergic uicaria Cholinergic uicaria develops due to acetyl choline liberated from post ganglionic cholinergic enervated sweat glands under the influence of any stimuli which induces sweating by increasing core body temperatureQ. Precipitating factors are exercise/physical exeiondeg, emotion upsetdeg, exposu... | 1 | Cholinergic uicaria | Atopic reaction | Photo dermatitis | Chronic idiopathic uicaria | Skin | null | c273e4b9-6df0-452a-8d92-d3f4169cc004 | single |
Scoring of palatal bar is | null | 1 | Limited to the area of soft displaced tissue | To increase the rigidity of the connector | Done on the entire posterior border of the bar | Done on the entire anterior border of the bar | Dental | null | da1ab4ca-5bea-4025-af7d-68426de2ce9a | single |
Which of the following is not a feature of ASBESTOSIS? | Ans. c (Hilar adenopathy) (Ref.RRM Radiology, 6th ed., p. 463)ASBESTOSIS: Radiological featuresPleural changesPulmonary changesAsbestos-related Malignancy# Pleural Effusion (21%)# Focal Pleural Plaques (65%)# Pleural Calcification# Bilateral diaphragmatic calcifications with clear costophrenic angles are PATHOGNOMONIC#... | 3 | Pseudotumor of lung | Pleural plaques | Hilar adenopathy | Basal fibrosis | Radiology | Respiratory System | 5b190eeb-1323-4b90-a23f-abd1ad29fd74 | single |
Patient is having normal CK & CKMB after 2 days of chest pain which of the following is true- | A significant concentration of CK-MB isoenzyme is found almost exclusively in the myocardium, and the appearance of elevated CK-MB levels in serum is highly specific and sensitive for myocardial cell wall injury. Normal reference values for serum CK-MB range from 3 to 5% (percentage of total CK) or 5 to 25 IU/L.if thes... | 1 | Excludes diagnosis of MI | Reperfusion after MI | Extracardiac source of pain | Cardiac surgery | Medicine | C.V.S | 03b38eca-62f9-4127-9723-d1e4ef046edc | multi |
A 5 years old child presented to the OPD with complaints of rectal prolapse; On examination stunting and growth retardation was documented; What is the parasitological cause for this clinical feature | * Clinical features of rectal prolapse is a direct clue for diagnosis: Trichuriasis * This Infection is acquired by ingestion of soil with embryonated eggs (has rhabditiform larvae) * It usually affects children and remains asymptomatic * Heavy infection causes rectal prolapse in children; appendicitis; Lab diagnosis:-... | 1 | Trichuris trichura | Enterobius vermicularis | Giardia lamblia | Trichinella spiralis | Microbiology | parasitology | c692ec98-64d3-4fb7-9637-9898c69e3aca | single |
Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter in the cholinergic neurons. What is the precursor that acetylcholine is derived from? | The conversion of choline by CAT (choline acetyltransferase) is responsible for conveing choline to acetylcholine. Likewise, the conversion of acetylcholine back to choline is by ACH-ase (acetylcholine esterase). CAT ACh-ase Choline ----> Acetylcholine ----------> Choline | 4 | Dicholine | Tyrosine | Cholic acid | Choline | Biochemistry | null | 41509342-a92f-4748-b3fc-7a13bad20d2a | single |
Rocker bottom foot is due to - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Overtreatment of CTEV Rocker bottom footo Rocker bottom foot is a foot with a convex plantar surface with an apex of convexity at the talar head (normal plantar surface is concave). Causes of Rocker Bottom foot areCongenital vertical talusOvercorrection of CTEVImproper correction of CTEV, i.e. forcefu... | 1 | Overtreatment of CTEV | Malunited fracture calcaneum | Horizontal talus | Neural tube defect | Orthopaedics | Lower Limb and Foot & Ankle Problems | 5f41c0d4-43b9-4996-8e2a-eb831d8c4ad2 | single |
The inferior most structure of right hilum is | The inferior most structure of right hilum is inferior pulmonary vein. The sequence of structures at the right hilum superior to inferior is: Superior lobar (epaerial) bronchus. Pulmonary aery Principal bronchus Inferior pulmonary vein Ref: Gray&;s Anatomy 41st edition Pgno: 958 | 2 | Right atrium | Inferior pulmonary vein | Pulmonary aery | Inferior bronchial vein | Anatomy | Thorax | 964c949c-afff-4c27-b102-534c0f590141 | single |
Which of the following is associated with hypeensive pnemonitis: | Hypersensitivity pnemonotis describes a spectrum of immunoligically mediated,predominately interstitial lung disorders caused by intense often prolonged exposure to inhaled organic antigens. It is a type III +IV hypersensitivity reaction.(ref Robbins 7/e p733,9/e p688) | 3 | Silicosis | Asbestosis | Byssinosis | Berylliosis | Anatomy | Respiratory system | 5791d84c-5b57-46cc-9d3c-b0bb9d1d74d5 | single |
A 21-year-old man has a nonproductive cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain, which changes with breathing. He also has pain in the left arm. On examination, there is tenderness over the left shoulder, heart sounds are normal, and the lungs are clear. CXR reveals a lytic lesion in the left humerus and reticulonodul... | Primary pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH), also called eosinophilic granuloma of the lung, pulmonary Langerhans cell granulomatosis, and pulmonary histiocytosis X, is an uncommon interstitial lung disease that primarily affects young adults. There is a coarse, reticular pattern in the whole lung, somewhat ... | 3 | lung biopsy | humerus bone biopsy | CT scan of chest | Bronchoscopy | Medicine | Respiratory | cbe0b35b-5343-4e6d-bb53-459176eaee2e | single |
Enzyme of Pathway common to Glu- coneogenesis | Phosphoglycerate kinase (Pathway shown: Glycolysis) | 4 | Pyruvate kinase | PFK | Hexokinase | Phosphoglycerate kinase | Biochemistry | Gluconeogenesis | 2a4127da-2d17-41a7-8061-1fda0bb3a16b | single |
All of the following are the posterior relations of the kidney EXCEPT: | Nerves related to kidneys posteriorly are: Subcostal (T12), iliohypogastric (L1), and ilioinguinal (L1). Four muscles are in posterior relations of kidney: Diaphragm, quadratus lumborum, psoas major, and transversus abdominis. fig:- posterior relation of kidney | 3 | Psoas major | Quadratus lumborum | Sympathetic chain | Ilioinguinal nerve | Anatomy | Abdomen, Pelvis and Perineum | d9337ae9-5ec2-489c-b51d-b5e7a4c405c9 | multi |
Not used for intravascular volume maintainence is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Erythropoetin o Colloids the term 'colloids' refers to aqueous solutions that contain both large organic macromolecules and electrolytes. Presumably, the large molecular size of the dissolved molecules limited their ability to cross the endothelial membrane. These molecules are retained within the int... | 3 | Hydroxy ethyl starch | Dextran | Erythropoetin | Gelatin | Surgery | Fluids & Electrolyte Disorders - Volume | 1e5618ba-c805-4aaf-9558-bb32394092ce | single |
A 29-year-old man has developed marked joint pain beginning 12 days after receiving snake antivenom injection. On physical examination, there is diffuse joint pain with movement. The stool is negative for occult blood. Laboratory studies show a serum creatinine level of 4.4 mg/dL and urea nitrogen level of 42 mg/dL. Mi... | In the localized immune complex reaction (Arthus reaction) at the site of injection, there can be activation and depletion of complement C3. The reaction described here is serum sickness in response to the injected foreign protein, and produced more widespread antigen-antibody complex deposition, particularly in the ki... | 2 | CD4+ lymphocytosis | Hypocomplementemia | Increased IgE | Neutropenia | Pathology | Immunity | 272a9cf1-05bf-4dd1-acb5-09f536f72f05 | multi |
A man presented with complaints of scanty, foul smelling, painless discharge from the ear. It is characteristic feature of the following lesion: | Patients with acquired cholesteatomas typically present with recurrent or persistent purulent otorrhea and hearing loss. The discharge is scanty & always foul-smelling due to bone destruction. Facial nerve twitching, palsy, or paralysis can also result from the inflammatory process or from mechanical compression of the... | 2 | ASOM | Cholesteatoma | Central perforation | Otitis externa | ENT | null | cf25d196-f3ec-43b5-8d43-e3a5e5e6f702 | single |
A woman with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency develops a urinary tract infection. Free radicals generated by responding neutrophils create an oxidant stress, and RBCs are rapidly overwhelmed. As soon as intravascular hemolysis begins, serum levels of which of the following will decrease? | Haptoglobin (or alpha-2 globulin) is a serum protein that promptly binds to free hemoglobin in the serum, forming a tight complex. The haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex is quickly cleared from the blood by the reticuloendothelial system, which allows the hemoglobin to be salvaged instead of lost into the urine. Intravascu... | 4 | Bilirubin | C-reactive protein | Free iron | Haptoglobin | Medicine | null | 004a2dda-28f5-42da-8a98-43cba9f0b2f4 | single |
Increased amylase may be seen in all of the following except: | Answer is B (Appendicitis) Appendicitis alone does not cause increased amylase. Perforated appendix, may be associated with increased amylase. Causes of Hyperamvlasemia and Hyperamylasuria: Pancreatiti Disease Non Pancreatic Disorders Other Abdominal Disorders I. Pancreatitis A. Acute I. Renal insufficiency II. Salivar... | 2 | Pancreatic pseudocyst | Appendicitis | Perforated peptic ulcer | Ruptured ectopic pregnancy | Medicine | null | 34b6e2d1-a33a-4c25-9677-14e78b064a57 | multi |
Gleason score is used for prognosticating outcome of? | Ans. D. Prostatic cancer. (Ref. Bailey and Love 26th/pg. 98; 1352)Gleason scoreAdenocarcinomas are also often classified as Gl, 2 or 3, but prostate cancer is an exception with widespread use of the Gleason system. The Gleason system grades prostate cancer according to the degree of differentia- tion of the two most pr... | 4 | Gastric cancer | Bladder cancer | Colonic cancer | Prostatic cancer | Surgery | Prostate & Seminal Vesicles | f9bc1661-dbab-4cff-b8b0-25496753025d | single |
In regeneration | ref, Robbins 8/e p92-94 .7/e p 88,9/e p101 When the injury is minimal, the tissue may effectively replace the damaged or lost cells . In severely damaged tissues or long-term chronic situations, the ability of the tissue toregenerate the same cell types and tissuestructure may be exceeded, so that a different and imper... | 2 | Granulation tissue | Repairing by same type of tissue | Repairing by different type of tissue | Cellular proliferation is largely regulated by biochemical factors | Anatomy | General anatomy | 7913ebd4-8e36-4038-adbe-5449c6f387be | single |
In jarjaway fracture of nasal bone, the fracture line is | Jarjaway' fracture of nasal septum occurs due to blows from the front. Fracture line stas just above the anterior nasal spine and runs horizontally backwards just above the junction of septal cailage with the vomer. Ref: Textbook of ENT; PL Dhingra;7th edition, pg no.165 | 4 | Oblique | Comminuted | Veical | Horizontal | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses | 5e4904dc-3023-4861-8cc6-5407e28199f4 | single |
Spine of Henle is a: | Spine of henle is a pa of mastoid bone. Mastoid is a spongy or cancellous bone, hence spine of henle is also cancellous. | 2 | Coical bone | Cancellous bone | Sclerotic bone | Long bone with Haversian system | ENT | null | 0e5e04c3-f00f-433b-a675-c757a5f8e1ad | single |
Severe hepatotoxicity associated with steatohepatitis, most likely a result of mitochondrial toxicity, is being recognized with: | Severe hepatotoxicity associated with steatohepatitis, most likely a result of mitochondrial toxicity, is being recognized with increasing frequency with antiretroviral therapy with reverse transcriptase inhibitors (e.g., zidovudine, didanosine) or protease inhibitors (e.g., indinavir, ritonavir. Reference: Harrisons P... | 4 | Zidovudine | Didanosine | Indinavir | All | Medicine | null | a1b18367-7754-4da5-8aa2-ad1205050240 | multi |
A 22 years old primigravida presents with suicidal tendency and severe depression in the 1st trimester. Treatment of choice is: | (Refer: Kaplan & Saddock's CTP P.3290 chap. 31.34a)
(Refer: The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines 11th Ed In Psychiatry Chap .7 P.430)
Since, It is a Primigravida with suicidal tendencies here the therapeutic effect has to be immediate . considering the risk of suicide, medications in first trimester ECT is preferred o... | 1 | Electroconvulsive therapy | No treatment is necessary | Imipramine | Lithium | Unknown | null | 159b9268-2355-4f37-92a4-4849a3c71543 | single |
Which of the following is Iso-osmolar agent? | - Ionic Monomer - High osmolality contrast media - Ionic Dimer - Low osmolality contrast media - Non-ionic Monomer - Low osmolality contrast media - Non-ionic Dimer - Iso osmolality contrast media | 4 | Ionic monomer | Ionic dimer | Non-ionic monomer | Non-ionic dimer | Radiology | Contrast Agents | cf3e660d-62aa-4a22-88ae-7a23d2999513 | single |
Following hormonal levels are increased in small cell carcinoma of lung except | Hormones produced by small cell variant ACTH AVP ANF calcitonin Gastrin relesinre peptide Ref Harrison 19th edition pg 541 | 2 | ACTH | Growth hormone | ANF | AVP | Anatomy | Respiratory system | bd96cee0-2918-4303-9ab5-c5eceae09460 | multi |
Diagnostic test for HIV in window period is? | ANSWER: (C) P 24 antigenREF: Harrisons Internal Medicine 17,h edition Chapter 182. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease: AIDS and Related DisordersIn June 1996, blood banks in the United States added the p 24 antigen capture assay to the screening process to help identify the rare infected individuals who were donating... | 3 | ELISA | Western blot | P 24 antigen | Viral load | Medicine | Virology | a69bc4e5-ac36-4050-b605-735517e76573 | single |
RhabdomyolyMis with myoglobinuria seen in - | Rhabdomyolysis is a serious condition, with destruction of striated muscles, and can be induced by various causes such as drugs, hea attacks, CRASH syndrome, and viper bites. Mass envenomation by multiple wasp stings can also cause rhabdomyolysis followed by acute renal failure, although it is extremely rare. Ref Harri... | 4 | Viper bite | Heat stroke | Malignant hypehcnnia | Multiple hornet stings | Medicine | Kidney | e1b6d0ac-c5ed-4602-bf30-43c35db96a00 | single |
All are are features of trachoma except | Trachoma is characterized by conjunctival congestion. It causes keratitis, cicatrization and follicle ciliary congestion,and corneal is not a feature of conjunctivitis refer :Khurana 6th edition page number 65 | 1 | Circumcorneal congestion | Follicle | Cicatrization | Keratitis | Ophthalmology | Conjunctiva | 36ae674d-4dc0-46f6-927d-1796fff585f3 | multi |
Tendon of which of the following muscle can be felt at radial border of the anatomical snuff box. | Extensor pollicis bravis. BOUNDARIES OF ANATOMICAL SNUFF BOX The posterior border of the snuffbox is the tendon of the extensor pollicis longus. The anterior border (closest to the edge of the hand) is a pair of parallel and intimate tendons, of the extensor pollicis brevis and the abductor pollicis longus. (Accordingl... | 2 | Extensor pollicis longus | Extensor pollicis bravis | Extensor pollicis ulnaris | Extensor digitorium | Surgery | null | fe38d685-743f-4dbe-827b-b62005ec154a | single |
All of these are physiological changes in pregnancy except? | There is decrease in platelet counts in pregnancy which is also known as gestational thrombocytopenia Lower platelet concentrations are paially due to hemodilution Platelet consumption is likely augmented because of splenic enlargement There may be an element of "hypersplenism," in which platelets are prematurely destr... | 3 | Increase in blood volume by 30-40% | Serum fibrinogen increases by 50% | Increase in platelet count | Decrease in packed cell volume | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Physiological Changes of Pregnancy | 406cf8db-48d8-47f8-8124-3dd1ea9113bf | multi |
______ muscle pulls the tongue upwards and backwards during swallowing: | null | 4 | Hyoglossus | Palatoglossus | Superior longitudinal | Styloglossus | Anatomy | null | f5153d1d-ee92-4861-9965-d9a7fe7734f8 | multi |
Calculous cholecystitis is associated with all of the following except: March 2005 | Ans. D: Diabetes Risk factors for calculous cholecystitis mirror those for cholelithiasis and include the following: Female sex Ceain ethnic groups Obesity or rapid weight loss Drugs (especially hormonal therapy in women) Pregnancy Increasing age | 4 | Oral contraceptives | Oestrogen | Obesity | Diabetes | Surgery | null | 1ab15c10-c070-409b-b46b-8eab35b32d19 | multi |
Characterized by chronic, multiple tics ? | Ans. D. Tourette's syndromeTourette syndrome (also called Tourette's syndrome, Tourette's disorder, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, GTS or, more commonly, simply Tourette's or TS) is an inherited neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple physical (motor) tics and at least one vocal (p... | 4 | Parkinson's disease | Wilson's disease | Shy-Drager syndrome | Tourette's syndrome | Psychiatry | null | 70aba217-cb64-4a29-9e51-09e549b99033 | single |
Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma T1 - | Overall treatment of choice for nasopharyngeal carcinoma → radiotherapy.
Treatment of choice for early (stage I & II) nasopharyngeal carcinoma → radiotherapy.
Treatment of choice for advanced (stage III & IV) nasopharyngeal carcinoma → radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy. | 1 | Radiation therapy | Surgery | Local resection | Chemotherapy | ENT | null | 47342dce-7670-4aaa-a27d-324855b49923 | single |
Gonorrhea is assumed to be caused by gonococcus. Gonococcus can be identified by being: | By the fermentation of glucose | 3 | By the growth on McConkey medium | By the fermentation of maltose | By the fermentation of glucose | Gram positive | Microbiology | null | edb80eb8-1fc8-4e1a-a5eb-dfc85e5dcbc2 | single |
Identity the true statement about Pulmonary embolism: | S1 Q3 T3 is highly predictive sign but not the most common ECG finding. And there will be right axis deviation.
D-Dimer is best for screening not gold standard investigation. | 4 | S1 Q3 T3 is the most common ECG finding seen | There will be Left axis deviation | D-dimer is the gold standard investigation | Sinus tachycardia is most common finding on ECG | Surgery | null | 3099ddd1-42bf-48a7-a4be-9852cd99840f | multi |
Sharp instruments may be sterilized with- | Hot air is useful for sterilizing aicles such as glassware, syringes, swabs, dressing, French chalk oil , Vaseline and sharp instruments. The drawback of hot air is that it has no penetrating power and is not suitable for disinfection of bulky aicles such as mattresses Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textbook of Preventive a... | 3 | Radiation | Lysol | Hot air | Any of the above | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | fea15bca-f797-4171-8626-125c4267812f | multi |
Bleeding in haemophilia A is due to: | Ans: c (Deficiency of factor 8 which fails to activate factor 10) Ref: Harrison, 16th ed, p. 680; 17th ed, p. 726Haemophilia A occurs due to deficiency or reduced activity of factor 8 which is responsible for activation of factor 10. The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is affected.Haemophilia B or Christmas disease oc... | 3 | Deficiency of factor 7 which fails to convert fibrinogen to fibrin | Deficiency of factor 9 which fails to activate factor 10 | Deficiency of factor 8 which fails to activate factor 10 | Defect in extrinsic pathway | Medicine | Blood | 29ec5d03-2d3d-491c-9641-88ef24b156ea | single |
A child presented with headache, dizziness, intermittent claudication with occasional dyspnoea.The most probable diagnosis in – | Clinical manifestations of COA
Symptoms of coarctation of aorta occurs due to decrease in blood supply distal to aortic obstruction.
If obstruction is distal to left subclavian artery, manifestations are due to arterial insufficiency to lower limbs.
Intermittent claudication
Pain
Weakness of Leg
Dysnea on running
Wea... | 4 | ASD | PDA | TOF | Coarctation of aorta | Pediatrics | null | b40630f9-5cd3-4386-9ddf-efe75854028a | single |
Most Commmon cause of chronic osteomyelitis - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Staphylococcus aureus o Chronic osteomyelitis is nearly always a sequel to acute osteomyelitis,o Occasionally infection is subacute or chronic from the begining.o As with acute osteomyelitis, the most common causative organism is staphylococcus areus. | 1 | Staphylococcus aureus | Streptococcus pyogenes | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Staphylococcus epidermidis | Orthopaedics | Infection of Bones & Joints | 14be05c2-9d2d-4d27-a942-57f87e00641b | single |
What percentatge of the healthcare waste generated is infectious? | - about 80% of health care wastes accounts for general health care wastes. - 1% accounts for sharps - 15% is pathological and infectious wastes. - 3% chemical and pharmacological wastes. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:790 <\p> | 1 | 10% - 15% | 50% | 75% | 100% | Social & Preventive Medicine | Hospital waste and disaster management, Occupational health | 2473f815-4f9e-4171-9d61-d11e94d9df30 | single |
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