metadata
language:
- kk
license: cc-by-nc-4.0
task_categories:
- text-generation
- question-answering
tags:
- kazakh
- agentic-ai
- tool-use
- function-calling
- exception-handling
- failure-handling
- rate-limit
- retry-behavior
- ecommerce
- shopping-assistant
- llm-agents
pretty_name: Kazakh Exception and Tool Failure Handling Dataset
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
dataset_info:
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: category
dtype: string
- name: query
dtype: string
- name: tools
list:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: mock_response
struct:
- name: account
dtype: string
- name: amount
dtype: 'null'
- name: articles
list: 'null'
- name: balance
dtype: 'null'
- name: change_24h
dtype: string
- name: city
dtype: string
- name: condition
dtype: string
- name: currency
dtype: string
- name: distance_km
dtype: 'null'
- name: download_mbps
dtype: 'null'
- name: duration_min
dtype: 'null'
- name: email
dtype: string
- name: events
list:
- name: date
dtype: string
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: name
dtype: string
- name: tickets_available
dtype: 'null'
- name: venue
dtype: string
- name: feels_like
dtype: 'null'
- name: file_id
dtype: string
- name: flights
list:
- name: airline
dtype: string
- name: arrival
dtype: string
- name: departure
dtype: string
- name: flight_no
dtype: string
- name: price_kzt
dtype: 'null'
- name: forecast
list:
- name: condition
dtype: string
- name: date
dtype: string
- name: temp_max
dtype: 'null'
- name: temp_min
dtype: 'null'
- name: formatted_address
dtype: string
- name: from
dtype: string
- name: humidity
dtype: 'null'
- name: images
list:
- name: caption
dtype: string
- name: height
dtype: 'null'
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: width
dtype: 'null'
- name: items
list:
- name: currency
dtype: string
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: in_stock
dtype: 'null'
- name: name
dtype: string
- name: price
dtype: 'null'
- name: lat
dtype: 'null'
- name: lon
dtype: 'null'
- name: name
dtype: string
- name: page_url
dtype: string
- name: pagination
struct:
- name: has_more
dtype: bool
- name: next_page_token
dtype: string
- name: phone
dtype: string
- name: ping_ms
dtype: 'null'
- name: price
dtype: 'null'
- name: rate
dtype: 'null'
- name: remaining_balance
dtype: 'null'
- name: restaurants
list:
- name: address
dtype: string
- name: cuisine
dtype: string
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: name
dtype: string
- name: rating
dtype: 'null'
- name: results
list:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: name
dtype: string
- name: price_per_night
dtype: 'null'
- name: rating
dtype: 'null'
- name: snippet
dtype: string
- name: stars
dtype: 'null'
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: route_summary
dtype: string
- name: server
dtype: string
- name: size_bytes
dtype: 'null'
- name: status
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: symbol
dtype: string
- name: temperature
dtype: 'null'
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: to
dtype: string
- name: traffic_condition
dtype: string
- name: trains
list:
- name: arrival
dtype: string
- name: departure
dtype: string
- name: number
dtype: string
- name: price_coupe
dtype: 'null'
- name: price_platz
dtype: 'null'
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: transaction_id
dtype: string
- name: updated
dtype: string
- name: upload_mbps
dtype: 'null'
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: user_id
dtype: string
- name: verified
dtype: 'null'
- name: videos
list:
- name: duration
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: views
dtype: 'null'
- name: wind_kph
dtype: 'null'
- name: name
dtype: string
- name: parameters
struct:
- name: account
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: address
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: amount
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: api_key
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: category
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: checkin
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: city
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: cuisine
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: currency
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: date
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: days
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: filename
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: from
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: from_account
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: language
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: limit
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: mode
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: nights
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: platform
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: priceRange
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: query
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: server
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: sort
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: symbol
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: to
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: to_account
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: type
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: units
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: user_id
struct:
- name: description
dtype: string
- name: required
dtype: bool
- name: type
dtype: string
- name: difficulty
dtype: string
- name: answers
list:
- name: arguments
dtype: string
- name: name
dtype: string
- name: turns
list:
- name: content
dtype: string
- name: meta
struct:
- name: difficulty
dtype: string
- name: plan
dtype: string
- name: tags
list: string
- name: role
dtype: string
- name: tool_call
struct:
- name: arguments
dtype: string
- name: name
dtype: string
splits:
- name: train
num_bytes: 7932972
num_examples: 3000
download_size: 1353708
dataset_size: 7932972
configs:
- config_name: default
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/train-*
🇰🇿 Kazakh Exception and Tool Failure Handling Dataset
Dataset Summary
Kazakh Exception and Tool Failure Handling Dataset is a Kazakh-language dataset designed for training and evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in agentic AI workflows where tool calls may fail, return errors, or require retry behavior.
The dataset contains user requests, available tool schemas, expected tool calls, mock tool responses, tool failure messages, retry attempts, and final assistant answers. It focuses on practical situations where an assistant must call an external tool, interpret an error response, decide whether a retry is appropriate, and then complete the task after a successful tool response.
📊 Dataset Statistics
General Metrics
| Metric | Count |
|---|---|
| Total Samples | 3,000 |
| Total Words (approx.) | 807,564 |
| Avg. Words per Sample | 269 |
Word Count Distribution Per Field
The following table details the distribution of word counts across different fields in the dataset.
| Field | Mean | Median | Min | Max | Total Words |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| answers | 23.7 | 24.0 | 8 | 42 | 71,094 |
| category | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 1 | 3,000 |
| difficulty | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 1 | 3,000 |
| id | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 1 | 3,000 |
| query | 8.0 | 7.0 | 3 | 20 | 23,880 |
| tools | 38.2 | 37.0 | 26 | 56 | 114,534 |
| turns | 196.4 | 195.0 | 115 | 383 | 589,056 |
Dataset Structure
Each dataset instance represents a complete tool-use scenario with possible failure and recovery. A sample usually includes a Kazakh user request, the available tool schema, the expected tool calls, one or more mock tool responses, and the final assistant answer.
Data Fields
id: A unique identifier for the sample.category: The task category. For example,08_exception_failure_handlingindicates that the sample focuses on tool exceptions, API failure handling, and retry behavior.query: The original user request in Kazakh. The query may involve search, shopping, service lookup, or another tool-based task.tools: A list of tools available to the assistant. Each tool contains:name: the tool name;description: the tool’s purpose;parameters: the expected argument schema;mock_response: the expected response structure.
difficulty: The difficulty label of the sample.answers: The expected tool calls. In failure-handling scenarios, this field may include repeated or corrected tool calls after an initial error.turns: The complete interaction trajectory, including:- user request;
- assistant planning;
- initial tool call;
- tool error response;
- assistant retry decision;
- retry tool call;
- successful tool output;
- final user-facing answer.
Data Instance
Below is one representative example from the dataset.
{
"id": "kk_08_exception_failure_handling_0001_0001",
"category": "08_exception_failure_handling",
"query": "Жазғы киімдерді қарастыруға бола ма?",
"tools": [
{
"name": "shop.search",
"description": "Search products in online store",
"parameters": {
"query": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Product search query",
"required": true
},
"category": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Product category",
"required": false
},
"sort": {
"type": "string",
"description": "price_low, price_high, rating",
"required": false
}
},
"mock_response": {
"items": [
{
"id": "",
"name": "",
"price": null,
"currency": "",
"in_stock": null
}
]
}
}
],
"difficulty": "hard",
"answers": [
{
"name": "shop.search",
"arguments": "{\"query\": \"жазғы киім\", \"category\": \"clothing\", \"sort\": \"price_low\"}"
},
{
"name": "shop.search",
"arguments": "{\"query\": \"жазғы киім\", \"category\": \"clothing\", \"sort\": \"price_low\"}"
}
],
"turns": [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Жазғы киімдерді қарастыруға бола ма?"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "Алдымен жазғы киімдер бойынша іздеу жүргіземін.",
"meta": {
"plan": "I will start by searching for summer clothes.",
"tags": [],
"difficulty": "hard"
}
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"tool_call": {
"name": "shop.search",
"arguments": "{\"query\": \"жазғы киім\", \"category\": \"clothing\", \"sort\": \"price_low\"}"
}
},
{
"role": "tool",
"content": "{\"error\": true, \"type\": \"RateLimitExceeded\", \"message\": \"Too many requests\", \"code\": 429, \"retry_after\": 60}"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "Сұраулар саны шектелді, сондықтан қайтадан іздеуді жалғастырамын.",
"meta": {
"plan": "I encountered a limit on the number of queries, so I will retry the search.",
"tags": [
"rate_limited",
"retry"
],
"difficulty": "hard"
}
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"tool_call": {
"name": "shop.search",
"arguments": "{\"query\": \"жазғы киім\", \"category\": \"clothing\", \"sort\": \"price_low\"}"
}
},
{
"role": "tool",
"content": "{\"items\": [{\"id\": \"PROD-9249\", \"name\": \"жазғы киім 1\", \"price\": 10000, \"currency\": \"KZT\", \"in_stock\": true}, {\"id\": \"PROD-4632\", \"name\": \"жазғы киім 2\", \"price\": 25000, \"currency\": \"KZT\", \"in_stock\": true}, {\"id\": \"PROD-8953\", \"name\": \"жазғы киім 3\", \"price\": 10000, \"currency\": \"KZT\", \"in_stock\": true}]}"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "Міне, жазғы киімдер тізімі: 1. жазғы киім 1, бағасы 10000 KZT, қолжетімді. 2. жазғы киім 2, бағасы 25000 KZT, қолжетімді. 3. жазғы киім 3, бағасы 10000 KZT, қолжетімді. (Дерек көзі: shop.search)"
}
]
},
Funding
This dataset was developed as part of the project funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan under Grant No. BR24993001, “Creation of a Large Language Model (LLM) to Support the Kazakh Language and Advance Technological Development.”
Citation
If you use this dataset in your research, please cite the following article:
APA
Kadyrbek, N., Tuimebayev, Z., Mansurova, M., & Viegas, V. (2025). The development of small-scale language models for low-resource languages, with a focus on Kazakh and direct preference optimization. Big Data and Cognitive Computing, 9(5), 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc9050137
BibTeX
@article{kadyrbek2025development,
title = {The Development of Small-Scale Language Models for Low-Resource Languages, with a Focus on Kazakh and Direct Preference Optimization},
author = {Kadyrbek, Nurgali and Tuimebayev, Zhanseit and Mansurova, Madina and Viegas, Vitor},
journal = {Big Data and Cognitive Computing},
volume = {9},
number = {5},
pages = {137},
year = {2025},
publisher = {MDPI},
doi = {10.3390/bdcc9050137},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/9/5/137}
}