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[
"CCGS Hudson",
"operator",
"Canadian Coast Guard"
] |
CCGS Hudson was an offshore oceanographic and hydrographic survey vessel operated by the Canadian Coast Guard. The ship entered service in 1963 with the Canadian Oceanographic Service, stationed at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, called CSS Hudson. The ship made several significant scientific voyages, among them the first circumnavigation of the Americas in 1970. The ship was transferred to the Canadian Coast Guard in 1996 and decommissioned in 2022. A replacement is not scheduled for delivery until 2024–2025.
| 2
|
[
"CCGS Hudson",
"instance of",
"research vessel"
] |
CCGS Hudson was an offshore oceanographic and hydrographic survey vessel operated by the Canadian Coast Guard. The ship entered service in 1963 with the Canadian Oceanographic Service, stationed at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, called CSS Hudson. The ship made several significant scientific voyages, among them the first circumnavigation of the Americas in 1970. The ship was transferred to the Canadian Coast Guard in 1996 and decommissioned in 2022. A replacement is not scheduled for delivery until 2024–2025.
| 3
|
[
"CCGS John A. Macdonald",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS John A. Macdonald was a Canadian Coast Guard heavy icebreaker. She was named after The Right Honourable, Sir John Alexander Macdonald, the first Prime Minister of Canada. The ship was commissioned into the Canadian Department of Transport's Marine Service in 1960 using the prefix "Canadian Government Ship" (CGS). The vessel was transferred in 1962 into the newly created Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) and served with distinction until being decommissioned in 1991, and replaced by the then-chartered (but later purchased) CCGS Terry Fox.Design and description
Considered one of the finest icebreakers ever constructed for the Canadian service, John A. Macdonald was 315 feet (96 m) long overall with a beam of 70 feet (21 m) and a draught of 28 feet (8.5 m). The vessel had a fully loaded displacement of 9,160 long tons (9,310 t) and had a gross register tonnage (GRT) of 6,186 tons.The ship was propelled by three screws driven by a diesel-electric system creating 15,000 shaft horsepower (11,000 kW). This gave the vessel a maximum speed of 15.5 knots (28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph). The vessel could carry two helicopters.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS John A. Macdonald",
"instance of",
"icebreaker"
] |
CCGS John A. Macdonald was a Canadian Coast Guard heavy icebreaker. She was named after The Right Honourable, Sir John Alexander Macdonald, the first Prime Minister of Canada. The ship was commissioned into the Canadian Department of Transport's Marine Service in 1960 using the prefix "Canadian Government Ship" (CGS). The vessel was transferred in 1962 into the newly created Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) and served with distinction until being decommissioned in 1991, and replaced by the then-chartered (but later purchased) CCGS Terry Fox.
| 1
|
[
"CCGS John A. Macdonald",
"operator",
"Canadian Coast Guard"
] |
CCGS John A. Macdonald was a Canadian Coast Guard heavy icebreaker. She was named after The Right Honourable, Sir John Alexander Macdonald, the first Prime Minister of Canada. The ship was commissioned into the Canadian Department of Transport's Marine Service in 1960 using the prefix "Canadian Government Ship" (CGS). The vessel was transferred in 1962 into the newly created Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) and served with distinction until being decommissioned in 1991, and replaced by the then-chartered (but later purchased) CCGS Terry Fox.
| 3
|
[
"CCGS John A. Macdonald",
"manufacturer",
"Davie Shipbuilding"
] |
Service history
The vessel was constructed by Davie Shipbuilding at their yard in Lauzon, Quebec with the yard number 620 and launched on 31 October 1959. During construction, the vessel was visited by Soviet officials who took interest in her design. There was a distinct resemblance to John A. MacDonald in the five ships in the next class of Soviet icebreaker, though they were larger and more powerful. The vessel entered service as part of the government fleet in September 1960 as CGS John A. Macdonald.In 1962, John A. Macdonald transferred to the newly created Canadian Coast Guard and set a record by reaching Tanquary Fjord, the closest to the North Pole a Canadian vessel had ever been. In 1967, John A. Macdonald transited the Northwest Passage in order to aid the smaller icebreaker CCGS Camsell in the western Arctic. Following that, the icebreaker then travelled to assist USCGC Northwind after the United States Coast Guard vessel became trapped in heavy ice north of Point Barrow, Alaska. The vessel then returned to the East Coast via the Panama Canal, circumnavigating North America in the process. John A Macdonald was awarded the U.S. Coast Guard Unit Commendation "for extremely meritorious service in the support of United States Coast Guard operations during the period of 23 September 1967 to 08 October 1967", during the Arctic West Summer 1967 cruise by Admiral Willard J. Smith, Commandant, United States Coast Guard.
| 4
|
[
"CCGS Kelso",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
CCGS Kelso is a scientific research vessel operated by the Canadian Coast Guard from CGS Base Burlington in the Central and Arctic Region of Canada.
She was commissioned on September 8, 2009, by Terence Young, Member of Parliament for Oakville, at the Canadian Centre of Inland Waters in Burlington. The vessel was built by ABCO Industries Lunenburg Shipyard to replace the retiring CCGS Shark. The ship is named for the late Dr John Kelso, a noted scientist with the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, the parent department for the Coast Guard.
She is classed as a "Near Shore Fisheries Research Vessel" and intended for use in running trawls, box core sampling, bottom sampling and sampling for water quality analysis. This vessel has a maximum speed of 16.2 knots (30.0 km/h; 18.6 mph) and a cruising speed of 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph). The Kelso has a fuel capacity of 2,848 litres (626 imp gal; 752 US gal) and water capacity of 500 litres (110 imp gal; 130 US gal).
She can seat ten passengers, in addition to her crew of three.
She replaced CCGS Shark.
| 2
|
[
"CCGS John P. Tully",
"operator",
"Canadian Coast Guard"
] |
CCGS John P. Tully is an offshore oceanographic science vessel in the Canadian Coast Guard operating out of Pacific Region at CGS Base Patricia Bay in Sidney, British Columbia. Prior to 1995, the ship was assigned to Fisheries and Oceans Canada. The vessel entered service in June 1985 with the Department of Fisheries and Oceans on the West Coast of Canada. In 1995, the fleets of Fisheries and Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard were merged under Canadian Coast Guard command and John P. Tully became a Coast Guard vessel.
| 2
|
[
"CCGS John P. Tully",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
CCGS John P. Tully is an offshore oceanographic science vessel in the Canadian Coast Guard operating out of Pacific Region at CGS Base Patricia Bay in Sidney, British Columbia. Prior to 1995, the ship was assigned to Fisheries and Oceans Canada. The vessel entered service in June 1985 with the Department of Fisheries and Oceans on the West Coast of Canada. In 1995, the fleets of Fisheries and Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard were merged under Canadian Coast Guard command and John P. Tully became a Coast Guard vessel.
| 3
|
[
"CCGS Limnos",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Limnos is a Canadian Coast Guard coastal research and survey vessel and it is named after the Greek island of Limnos which itself derived from "limni", the Greek word for lake. The ship entered service in 1968 and is currently active. The ship is based on the Great Lakes at the Coast Guard Base in Burlington, Ontario and is used for hydrographic and limnological research.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Leonard J. Cowley",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
Service
The ship was constructed by West Coast Manly Shipyard in Vancouver, British Columbia with the yard number 590. The vessel was launched in November 1984 and completed in June 1985. The vessel entered service with the Canadian Coast Guard in 1984. The ship was named for Len Cowley, a Newfoundland biologist who served with the Department of Fisheries and Oceans as assistant deputy minister. From 1974 to 1981, Len Cowley was a regional director general for Newfoundland. After being employed by the department for 22 years, Len Cowley died in 1982. The ship is registered in Ottawa, Ontario and homeported at St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.At the height of the Turbot War in June 1994, a dispute between Canada and the European Union over fishing rights, Leonard J. Cowley was tasked with monitoring the European fishing fleet on the Grand Banks. During the arrest of the Spanish fishing vessel Estai for illegal fishing, Leonard J. Cowley was used as the command vessel during the operation and her crew were ordered to fire machine gun bursts across the bow of the Spanish vessel. The operation was successful and the nets from the Spanish fishing vessel were later used to vindicate Canada's actions in the affair.On 10 January 1996 the merchant vessel Amphion was damaged in a storm 485 miles (781 km) southeast of St. John's. The ship began to take on water and requested assistance. Leonard J. Cowley was among the vessels dispatched to the scene, arriving on 11 January. The crew of Amphion were taken off and brought to the fisheries patrol vessel while the merchant vessel was brought to port by the tugboat Tignish Sea.On 22 February 2009, the vessel was instrumental in rescuing the 22-person crew of the Spanish fishing vessel FV Monte Galineiro, which was burning and sinking off the coast of Newfoundland and Labrador.Beginning in February 2015, Leonard J. Cowley underwent an $8.5 million refit performed by NEWDOCK St. John's Dockyard Limited in St. John's. This was announced by Gail Shea, Minister of Fisheries and Oceans, and Diane Finley, Minister of Public Works and Government Services on 18 February 2015. The refit lasted until October as part of the plan to renew the Coast Guard fleet.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Leonard J. Cowley",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
CCGS Leonard J. Cowley is an ice-strengthened fisheries patrol vessel of the Canadian Coast Guard. The ship entered service in 1984 and is still currently in service. During the Turbot War, the patrol vessel took part in the detainment of the Spanish fishing vessel Estai. Leonard J. Cowley's home port is St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.
| 3
|
[
"CCGS Martha L. Black",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
Service history
Constructed by Versatile Pacific Shipyards Limited at their yard in North Vancouver, British Columbia with the yard number 108, the vessel was launched on 6 September 1985. The ship entered service on 30 April 1986. The ship was named for Martha L. Black, a woman from Chicago, Illinois who immigrated to Canada and was a pioneering settler of Yukon. She became the second woman to be elected a Member of Parliament in Canada in 1935. The ship is registered in Ottawa, Ontario, and homeported at Quebec City. The vessel was initially assigned to the Western Region, but swapped places with sister ship CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier.The ship's primary duty is a buoy tender and navigational aids support in the Saint Lawrence River and Seaway and Saguenay River. Martha L. Black also provides icebreaking services to the same areas. In 2012, the ship transported scientists on a research mission to the Labrador Sea. In January 2014, Martha L. Black was one of two icebreakers called into the Saint Lawrence River to aid two passenger ferries which were prevented from crossing the river by ice. The ferries, which connect the Quebec communities of Sorel-Tracy and Saint-Ignace-de-Loyola, had been docked after ice conditions had become severe enough that the large icebreaker CCGS Amundsen needed reinforcement.In 2016, Martha L. Black suffered damage to her three engines and remained out of service for three months, docked at Cacouna, Quebec.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Martha L. Black",
"instance of",
"icebreaker"
] |
CCGS Martha L. Black is the lead ship of her class of light icebreakers of the Canadian Coast Guard. The ship was built in 1986 in Vancouver, British Columbia by Versatile Pacific Shipyards Limited as part of the CG Program Vessels. The vessel was mainly designed as a high-endurance, multi-tasked boat. Most of her duties are along the St. Lawrence River and St. Lawrence Seaway as she is able to handle the ice thickness there.
| 2
|
[
"CCGS Matthew",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Matthew was a Canadian Coast Guard mid-shore scientific research and survey vessel, based at Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, that entered service in 1990. The ship operated within the Canadian Coast Guard Maritimes region. Matthew was primarily used to carry out hydrographic survey work primarily for the production of nautical charting products on the East and West Coasts, but could also be used for stock assessment using sonar. In 2016, the ship was taken out of service and put up for sale. In 2019 the vessel was sold and renamed Miss MJ.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS N.B. McLean",
"instance of",
"icebreaker"
] |
Service history
The icebreaker was constructed by Halifax Shipyard at Halifax, Nova Scotia with the yard number 5. The vessel was completed in August 1930 and named for Nathan B. McLean, a government official who led an expedition to Hudson Bay in 1927. N.B. McLean entered service with the Department of Transport's Marine Service and made annual trips to Hudson Bay and the Arctic Ocean from 1930 to 1970. Due to the Great Depression, no major icebreakers were added to the government fleet and N.B. McLean remained the most powerful icebreaker in Canada's fleet until 1950.In 1962, all Marine Service icebreakers were transferred to the newly created Canadian Coast Guard. In the 1960s a flight deck and hangar were added to the stern of the ship. N.B. McLean made her final voyage to the Arctic in 1970 and was used on the St. Lawrence River and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence until being taken out of service in 1979. Following her decommissioning, efforts to turn the vessel into a museum ship at Quebec City, Quebec failed and the vessel was sold for scrap in 1988. The vessel was taken to Kaoshiung, Taiwan and arrived on 20 February 1989 to be broken up. The vessel was replaced by CCGS Pierre Radisson.
| 1
|
[
"CCGS N.B. McLean",
"manufacturer",
"Halifax Shipyard"
] |
CCGS N.B. McLean was a Canadian Coast Guard icebreaker. Constructed in 1930 at Halifax Shipyards, she entered service as CGS N.B. MacLean and served in the Department of Transport's Marine Service, using the prefix "Canadian Government Ship". The ship was transferred into the newly created Canadian Coast Guard in 1962. She served in the St. Lawrence River and Gulf of St. Lawrence until she was decommissioned in 1979, and taken to Taiwan to be scrapped in 1989. She was replaced by CCGS Pierre Radisson.Design and description
The design of the vessel was an evolution of previous Canadian icebreakers Montcalm and J.D. Hazen. The icebreaker was 260 ft (79 m) long overall with a beam of 60 ft (18 m) and a draught of 20 ft (6.1 m). The ship had a gross register tonnage (GRT) of 3,254. N.B. McLean was powered by four Babcock & Wilcox boilers providing steam to two triple expansion engines each driving one screw, creating 6,500 indicated horsepower (4,800 kW). This gave the ship a maximum speed of 15 knots (28 km/h).Service history
The icebreaker was constructed by Halifax Shipyard at Halifax, Nova Scotia with the yard number 5. The vessel was completed in August 1930 and named for Nathan B. McLean, a government official who led an expedition to Hudson Bay in 1927. N.B. McLean entered service with the Department of Transport's Marine Service and made annual trips to Hudson Bay and the Arctic Ocean from 1930 to 1970. Due to the Great Depression, no major icebreakers were added to the government fleet and N.B. McLean remained the most powerful icebreaker in Canada's fleet until 1950.In 1962, all Marine Service icebreakers were transferred to the newly created Canadian Coast Guard. In the 1960s a flight deck and hangar were added to the stern of the ship. N.B. McLean made her final voyage to the Arctic in 1970 and was used on the St. Lawrence River and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence until being taken out of service in 1979. Following her decommissioning, efforts to turn the vessel into a museum ship at Quebec City, Quebec failed and the vessel was sold for scrap in 1988. The vessel was taken to Kaoshiung, Taiwan and arrived on 20 February 1989 to be broken up. The vessel was replaced by CCGS Pierre Radisson.
| 2
|
[
"CCGS Parizeau",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Parizeau was a Canadian Coast Guard research vessel that served from 1967 to 2001. Initially serving on the West Coast of Canada from 1967 to 1991, in 1992, the ship transferred to the East Coast of Canada. Taken out of service in 2004, the ship was later sold and converted to a yacht and unsuccessfully used for drug smuggling as Destiny Empress.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Parizeau",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
Service history
Canadian government service
Named for Canadian Hydrographic Service hydrographer Henri Dalpé Parizeau, the ship was built by Burrard Dry Dock at their yard in North Vancouver and launched in 1967. The vessel was completed in October 1967 and was commissioned as CSS Parizeau (Canadian Survey Ship Parizeau) with what would become the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO). Parizeau was the first of two science vessels built using the same hull design.Parizeau served with DFO's Pacific Region from 1967 until 1991 at the Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, British Columbia when she was transferred to DFO's Maritime Region where she was attached to the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. Parizeau served in the DFO's Maritime Region as a replacement vessel for her soon to be decommissioned sister CSS Dawson. Following the transfer of the Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) to DFO in 1995 and the merger of the DFO science and enforcement vessels into CCG, Parizeau's prefix was changed from CSS to CCGS, the superstructure colour scheme was changed from science vessel white, with a buff coloured funnel to the Canadian Coast Guard red hull and white superstructure colour scheme. Parizeau ceased government science programs in June 2000.
| 1
|
[
"CCGS Pierre Radisson",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Pierre Radisson is the lead ship of her class of icebreakers. Constructed and operated by the Canadian Coast Guard, the vessel is based at Quebec City on the Saint Lawrence River. The ship was constructed in British Columbia in the 1970s and has been in service ever since. The vessel is named for Pierre-Esprit Radisson, a 17th-century French fur trader and explorer.Design and description
The Pierre Radisson class were designed for Canadian Coast Guard operations in the Arctic Ocean. Pierre Radisson, being the first ship constructed in the class, has a standard displacement of 6,400 long tons (6,500 t) and 8,180 long tons (8,310 t) fully loaded. The vessel has a gross tonnage (GT) of 5,775 and a 1,678 net tonnage (NT). The ship is 98.3 metres (322 ft 6 in) long overall with a beam of 19.5 metres (64 ft 0 in) and a draught of 7.2 metres (23 ft 7 in).The vessel is propelled by two fixed-pitch propellers and one bow thruster powered by a diesel-electric system comprising six Alco M251F diesel engines that when driving the shafts create 17,580 shaft horsepower (13,110 kW) and six GEC generators creating 11.1 megawatts sustained powering two motors that when driving the shafts create 13,600 shp (10,100 kW). The vessel is also equipped with one Caterpillar 398 emergency generator. This gives the vessel a maximum speed of 16 knots (30 km/h). The vessel can carry 2,450 m3 (540,000 imp gal) of diesel fuel and has a range of 15,000 nautical miles (28,000 km) at 15 knots (28 km/h) and can stay at sea for up to 120 days.Pierre Radisson is equipped with a Sperry navigational radar operating on the E/F and I bands. The icebreaker has a flight deck and hangar which originally accommodated light helicopters of the MBB Bo 105 or Bell 206L types, but in the 2010s, the Bell 429 GlobalRanger and Bell 412EPI were acquired by the Canadian Coast Guard to replace the older helicopters. The ship can carry 25.9 m3 (910 cu ft) of aviation fuel for the helicopters. The vessel is certified as Arctic Class 3 and has a complement of 31 with 11 officers and 20 crew.Service history
The ship's keel was laid down by Burrard Dry Dock in North Vancouver, British Columbia on 16 February 1976. The vessel was launched on 3 June 1977 and was completed in May 1978. The vessel entered service with the Canadian Coast Guard in June 1978. Registered in Ottawa, Ontario, Pierre Radisson was intended to replace the aging CCGS N.B. McLean in the Laurentian Region and is based at Quebec City, Quebec. The vessel underwent sea trials while transiting the Northwest Passage en route to Quebec City. During the transit, Pierre Radisson assisted CCGS Camsell which had been severely damaged by ice in the western Arctic.During the winter period, the vessel performs icebreaking duties through the Gulf of St. Lawrence, St. Lawrence River and Saguenay River, up the St. Lawrence Seaway and into the Great Lakes. The vessel is also deployed escorting ships through the ice-covered passages. In the summer, Pierre Radisson is assigned to escort commercial ships, maintain navigation aids and search and rescue missions in the Canadian Arctic. The ship also provides support to scientific missions while in the Canadian Arctic.In 1981, Pierre Radisson supported the search by Joseph B. MacInnis in the search for the sunken British supply vessel Breadalbane. The search was unsuccessful that year, MacInnis did later find the wreck in 1983. In 1982, the ship acted as the vice-regal yacht for Governor General Edward Schreyer on his visit to Denmark, Norway, Iceland and Greenland to celebrate the 1000th anniversary of the Norse settlement of L'Anse aux Meadows. In 1987, Pierre Radisson escorted cargo ships to Thule, Greenland. The following year, the icebreaker sailed to the aid of CCGS Martha L. Black which had damaged her propellers twice in the Beaufort Sea. Pierre Radisson escorted the damaged ship to Halifax, Nova Scotia and then returned via the Panama Canal, dropping off relief supplies to hurricane victims at Kingston, Jamaica.In 1987, Pierre Radisson was used to give 30 heads of state a three-hour tour of the St. Lawrence River during the Sommet de la Francophonie. The icebreaker supported the North Water project in April—May 1997 and again in August 1998. Pierre Radisson's duties included installing deep-moored scientific buoys and recovering them the following year. Pierre Radisson participated in Operation Nanook in 2008 and 2009, annual joint training exercises with elements of the Canadian Forces to conduct sovereignty and disaster patrols in the Canadian Arctic.On 27 July 2015, CCGS Pierre Radisson located and rescued Sergey Ananov, a Russian helicopter pilot who attempted a round-the world flight. Ananov's Robinson R22 helicopter crashed and sunk in the Davis Strait, between Baffin Island and Greenland, the previous day, but the pilot managed to swim to a nearby ice floe.The CAN$8.7 million contract for the vessel's refit was awarded on 10 August 2016 to Verreault Navigation Inc. with the work to be done at Les Méchins, Quebec. The refit is scheduled to begin in September 2016 and completed by January 2017. The refit was scheduled as part of the National Shipbuilding Procurement Strategy. The refit includes re-coating the hull, replacement of windows, reconditioning the flight deck and hangar and maintenance to steel work, propulsion and the interior.In March 2018, Pierre Radisson was deployed to the St. Lawrence River and Great Lakes to aid in icebreaking efforts. On 24 August 2018, Pierre Radisson was directed to assist Akademik Ioffre, a cruise ship that had run aground in the western Gulf of Boothia. Once Akademik Ioffre was refloated, Pierre Radisson remained with the cruise ship to determine which port Akademik Ioffre would sail to and to ensure the cruise ship's safety.
| 1
|
[
"CCGS Pierre Radisson",
"operator",
"Canadian Coast Guard"
] |
CCGS Pierre Radisson is the lead ship of her class of icebreakers. Constructed and operated by the Canadian Coast Guard, the vessel is based at Quebec City on the Saint Lawrence River. The ship was constructed in British Columbia in the 1970s and has been in service ever since. The vessel is named for Pierre-Esprit Radisson, a 17th-century French fur trader and explorer.Design and description
The Pierre Radisson class were designed for Canadian Coast Guard operations in the Arctic Ocean. Pierre Radisson, being the first ship constructed in the class, has a standard displacement of 6,400 long tons (6,500 t) and 8,180 long tons (8,310 t) fully loaded. The vessel has a gross tonnage (GT) of 5,775 and a 1,678 net tonnage (NT). The ship is 98.3 metres (322 ft 6 in) long overall with a beam of 19.5 metres (64 ft 0 in) and a draught of 7.2 metres (23 ft 7 in).The vessel is propelled by two fixed-pitch propellers and one bow thruster powered by a diesel-electric system comprising six Alco M251F diesel engines that when driving the shafts create 17,580 shaft horsepower (13,110 kW) and six GEC generators creating 11.1 megawatts sustained powering two motors that when driving the shafts create 13,600 shp (10,100 kW). The vessel is also equipped with one Caterpillar 398 emergency generator. This gives the vessel a maximum speed of 16 knots (30 km/h). The vessel can carry 2,450 m3 (540,000 imp gal) of diesel fuel and has a range of 15,000 nautical miles (28,000 km) at 15 knots (28 km/h) and can stay at sea for up to 120 days.Pierre Radisson is equipped with a Sperry navigational radar operating on the E/F and I bands. The icebreaker has a flight deck and hangar which originally accommodated light helicopters of the MBB Bo 105 or Bell 206L types, but in the 2010s, the Bell 429 GlobalRanger and Bell 412EPI were acquired by the Canadian Coast Guard to replace the older helicopters. The ship can carry 25.9 m3 (910 cu ft) of aviation fuel for the helicopters. The vessel is certified as Arctic Class 3 and has a complement of 31 with 11 officers and 20 crew.
| 3
|
[
"CCGS Private Robertson V.C.",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
CCGS Private Robertson V.C. is the first vessel of the Canadian Coast Guard's Hero-class patrol vessels. The ship entered service in 2012, tasked with enforcing Canadian maritime law within Canada's nautical borders. The ship is in active service and is based at Sarnia, Ontario and is used to patrol the Great Lakes.Description
Based on Damen Stan's Patrol 4207 design, the ship measures 42.8 metres (140 ft 5 in) long overall with a beam of 7.0 metres (23 ft 0 in) and a draught of 2.8 metres (9 ft 2 in). The ship has a 253 gross tonnage (GT) and a 75 net tonnage (NT). The ship is propelled by two controllable pitch propellers driven by two MTU 4000M geared diesel engines rated at 4,992 kilowatts (6,694 hp). The patrol vessel is also equipped with two Northern Lights M1066 generators and one Northern Lights M1064 emergency generator. The vessel has a maximum speed of 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph). Private Robertson V.C. has a fuel capacity of 34 m3 (7,500 imp gal) giving the vessel a range of 2,000 nautical miles (3,700 km; 2,300 mi) at 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph) and an endurance of 14 days. The ship has a complement of nine with five officers and four crew and has five additional berths. The ship is equipped with Sperry Marine Visionmaster FT navigational radar operating on the X and S-bands.Service history
The ship was ordered from Irving Shipbuilding in 2009 and the ship's keel was laid down at Halifax Shipyards in Halifax, Nova Scotia with the yard number 6094. The ship was launched in 2012 and completed in July of that year, the first of the class. Private Robertson V.C. entered service in 2013 and is based at Sarnia, Ontario. The vessel is named after James Peter Robertson, a winner of the Victoria Cross in the First World War.On 10 February 2011 the London Free Press reported that Private Robertson V.C., and her sister ship CCGS Caporal Kaeble V.C. will patrol the Great Lakes. Private Robertson V.C. is based at Sarnia, Ontario. In February 2017, Private Robertson V.C. was among the Canadian Coast Guard ships named in a report claiming poisoned water aboard some vessels. In October 2019, Private Robertson V.C. was re-assigned to the West Coast of Canada to allow the vessels stationed there to undergo refits, sailing via the Panama Canal.
| 5
|
[
"CCGS Provo Wallis",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Provo Wallis is a Provo Wallis-class buoy tender that served with the Canadian Coast Guard. The vessel entered service in 1969 and was classed as a Medium-endurance Multi-tasked Vessel. Provo Wallis spent the majority of her career on the Atlantic Coast of Canada before transferring to the West Coast. Ice-strengthened, the ship was used mainly for maintaining navaids in shipping lanes. The vessel was taken out of service in 2011 and laid up.Service history
The ship was constructed by Marine Industries at their yard in Sorel, Quebec and was commissioned in October 1969. The ship was named in honour of Provo Wallis, a native of Halifax, Nova Scotia. Wallis was appointed Admiral of the fleet in the Royal Navy on 11 December 1877; the highest rank in the Royal Navy. The ship was registered in Ottawa, Ontario. The homeport of Provo Wallis was CCG Base Saint John in Saint John, New Brunswick.In 1990, the vessel underwent a major refit at Marystown Shipyard in Marystown, Newfoundland and Labrador a new derrick installed, and other modernizations. In 2003 CCGS Provo Wallis was placed in cold lay-up/mothballed at CCG Base Dartmouth but was reactivated in 2006 and sailed to British Columbia where she replaced her sister ship Bartlett which was placed in cold lay-up until refit in 2010.Upon completion of the refit for CCGS Bartlett in 2010, CCGS Provo Wallis was declared surplus and decommissioned. The ship was renamed 2011-02 by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans and was listed for sale in 2013. The ship was purchased by J. Beaulieu in 2013.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Provo Wallis",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
Service history
The ship was constructed by Marine Industries at their yard in Sorel, Quebec and was commissioned in October 1969. The ship was named in honour of Provo Wallis, a native of Halifax, Nova Scotia. Wallis was appointed Admiral of the fleet in the Royal Navy on 11 December 1877; the highest rank in the Royal Navy. The ship was registered in Ottawa, Ontario. The homeport of Provo Wallis was CCG Base Saint John in Saint John, New Brunswick.In 1990, the vessel underwent a major refit at Marystown Shipyard in Marystown, Newfoundland and Labrador a new derrick installed, and other modernizations. In 2003 CCGS Provo Wallis was placed in cold lay-up/mothballed at CCG Base Dartmouth but was reactivated in 2006 and sailed to British Columbia where she replaced her sister ship Bartlett which was placed in cold lay-up until refit in 2010.Upon completion of the refit for CCGS Bartlett in 2010, CCGS Provo Wallis was declared surplus and decommissioned. The ship was renamed 2011-02 by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans and was listed for sale in 2013. The ship was purchased by J. Beaulieu in 2013.
| 4
|
[
"CCGS Revisor",
"operator",
"Canadian Coast Guard"
] |
CGS Base Patricia Bay
Most ships at this base are research vessels:
| 1
|
[
"CCGS Revisor",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
The Canadian Coast Guard Ship Revisor is a Canadian Coast Guard inshore fisheries research and survey vessel.[1]The boat is a Cabin cruiser (maximum of 2 passengers) for use for offshore hydrographic survey work.
The Revisor has been decommissioned and is now in the possession of Kyle Deschamps and his 4 children of Victoria B.C. He aims to restore the revisor and is currently looking for anyone with nautical education to aid him.
The vessel has been made available in the past for use by United States Government researchers with NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab in Pasadena, California[2], as well as university research work by the Seafloor Mapping Lab at California State University in Monterey Bay, California.
| 2
|
[
"CCGS Samuel Risley",
"topic's main category",
"Category:CCGS Samuel Risley (ship, 1985)"
] |
CCGS Samuel Risley is a Canadian Coast Guard icebreaker and buoy tender assigned to the Great Lakes area (Central and Arctic Region). Lead ship of her class, the vessel is named after Samuel Risley, the 19th century maritime inspector and first head of Board of Steamship Inspectors for Upper Canada and Ontario. Based in the Great Lakes, CCGS Samuel Risley is responsible for keeping an ice-free passage between Port Colborne, Ontario and Thunder Bay, Ontario.
| 2
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[
"CCGS Samuel Risley",
"instance of",
"icebreaker"
] |
CCGS Samuel Risley is a Canadian Coast Guard icebreaker and buoy tender assigned to the Great Lakes area (Central and Arctic Region). Lead ship of her class, the vessel is named after Samuel Risley, the 19th century maritime inspector and first head of Board of Steamship Inspectors for Upper Canada and Ontario. Based in the Great Lakes, CCGS Samuel Risley is responsible for keeping an ice-free passage between Port Colborne, Ontario and Thunder Bay, Ontario.
| 4
|
[
"CCGS Simcoe",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
Service history
The ship was constructed by Canadian Vickers at their shipyard in Montreal, Quebec with the yard number 279. The second Canadian government ship named for John Graves Simcoe, the first Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada, the ship entered service in November 1962. The vessel was registered in Ottawa, Ontario, but was homeported at Prescott, Ontario in the Central Region for use on the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway.Simcoe underwent modernisation in 1988. Remaining operational for 45 years, Simcoe was decommissioned and renamed 2007-01 in 2008. The vessel was sold in June 2008 to Sheridan Platinum Group Ltd, of Ontario.References
Notes
Citations
Sources
Maginley, Charles D. (2003). The Canadian Coast Guard 1962–2002. St. Catharines, Ontario: Vanwell Publishing Limited. ISBN 1-55125-075-6.
Maginley, Charles D. & Collin, Bernard (2001). The Ships of Canada's Marine Services. St. Catharines, Ontario: Vanwell Publishing Limited. ISBN 1-55125-070-5.
Saunders, Stephen, ed. (2004). Jane's Fighting Ships 2004–2005. Alexandria, Virginia: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0-7106-2623-1.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Simcoe",
"instance of",
"icebreaker"
] |
Design and description
Simcoe was an ice-strengthened buoy tender and light icebreaker, and was 54.6 m (179 ft 2 in) long overall with a beam of 11.6 m (38 ft 1 in) and a draught of 3.8 m (12 ft 6 in). The vessel had a gross register tonnage (GRT) of 961 and a 368 net tonnage (NT). Simcoe was propelled by a two fixed-pitch propellers driven by a diesel-electric system (DC/DC) comprising two Paxman 4SA 12-cylinder diesel engines driving two motors creating 2,000 shaft horsepower (1,500 kW). This gave the vessel a maximum speed of 14 knots (26 km/h). The ship could carry 156.00 m3 (34,320 imp gal) of diesel fuel, had a range of 5,000 nautical miles (9,300 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h) and could stay at sea for 20 days. The vessel had a complement of 27, composed of 10 officers and 17 crew.
| 2
|
[
"CCGS Simcoe",
"manufacturer",
"Canadian Vickers"
] |
Service history
The ship was constructed by Canadian Vickers at their shipyard in Montreal, Quebec with the yard number 279. The second Canadian government ship named for John Graves Simcoe, the first Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada, the ship entered service in November 1962. The vessel was registered in Ottawa, Ontario, but was homeported at Prescott, Ontario in the Central Region for use on the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway.Simcoe underwent modernisation in 1988. Remaining operational for 45 years, Simcoe was decommissioned and renamed 2007-01 in 2008. The vessel was sold in June 2008 to Sheridan Platinum Group Ltd, of Ontario.
| 4
|
[
"CCGS Simcoe",
"instance of",
"buoy tender"
] |
Design and description
Simcoe was an ice-strengthened buoy tender and light icebreaker, and was 54.6 m (179 ft 2 in) long overall with a beam of 11.6 m (38 ft 1 in) and a draught of 3.8 m (12 ft 6 in). The vessel had a gross register tonnage (GRT) of 961 and a 368 net tonnage (NT). Simcoe was propelled by a two fixed-pitch propellers driven by a diesel-electric system (DC/DC) comprising two Paxman 4SA 12-cylinder diesel engines driving two motors creating 2,000 shaft horsepower (1,500 kW). This gave the vessel a maximum speed of 14 knots (26 km/h). The ship could carry 156.00 m3 (34,320 imp gal) of diesel fuel, had a range of 5,000 nautical miles (9,300 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h) and could stay at sea for 20 days. The vessel had a complement of 27, composed of 10 officers and 17 crew.
| 5
|
[
"CCGS Simon Fraser",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
Design and description
Simon Fraser and sister ship Tupper were 62.4 m (204 ft 9 in) long overall with a beam of 12.8 m (42 ft 0 in) and a draught of 4.2 m (13 ft 9 in). The vessel had a fully loaded displacement of 1,876 long tons (1,906 t) and a gross register tonnage (GRT) of 1,358. The vessels were powered by a diesel-electric system (DC/DC) driving two fixed-pitch screws creating 2,900 shaft horsepower (2,200 kW). This gave the vessels a maximum speed of 14 knots (26 km/h). The ship carried 200.00 m3 (43,990 imp gal) of diesel fuel, had a range of 5,000 nautical miles (9,300 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h) and could stay at sea for up to 20 days. The ships were fitted with a flight deck and a telescopic hangar and were capable of operating one helicopter.
| 3
|
[
"CCGS Sir Humphrey Gilbert",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
Construction and career
Government service
The icebreaker was constructed by Davie Shipbuilding at their yard in Lauzon, Quebec with the yard number 614 and was launched on 29 October 1958. Sir Humphrey Gilbert, named for an early explorer of the Northwest Passage, was commissioned into the Department of Transport's Marine Service in June 1959. In 1962, all Marine Service icebreakers were transferred to the newly formed Canadian Coast Guard. The vessel was registered in Ottawa, Ontario and homeported at St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador in the Newfoundland Region.On 20 December 1963, the French vessel Douala transmitted a distress signal off the coast of Newfoundland. Sir Humphrey Gilbert had already been detailed to aid a fishing vessel in the Atlantic, but was redirected to Douala as the French ship was in danger of foundering. While heading to Douala a barge broke loose aboard the Coast Guard vessel, causing damage to the ship and it was some time before the barge could be secured due to icing conditions. The Coast Guard vessel was delayed in arriving on the scene by the barge and on 21 December, Douala sank. 19 crew members of Douala were rescued on 22 December, of which two died while returning to Newfoundland. 13 members of the crew died in the water.In 1983, Sir Humphrey Gilbert became the test vessel for the Coast Guard's lay day crewing system. Under the lay day system, each ship has two crews which rotate on a 28-day interval. While on board the ship, the crew perform 12-hour work shifts, seven days a week. At the end of the 28-day interval, the crew rotates off the ship for a four-week break. The trials proved a success and the system was adopted fleet-wide.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Sir Humphrey Gilbert",
"manufacturer",
"Davie Shipbuilding"
] |
Construction and career
Government service
The icebreaker was constructed by Davie Shipbuilding at their yard in Lauzon, Quebec with the yard number 614 and was launched on 29 October 1958. Sir Humphrey Gilbert, named for an early explorer of the Northwest Passage, was commissioned into the Department of Transport's Marine Service in June 1959. In 1962, all Marine Service icebreakers were transferred to the newly formed Canadian Coast Guard. The vessel was registered in Ottawa, Ontario and homeported at St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador in the Newfoundland Region.On 20 December 1963, the French vessel Douala transmitted a distress signal off the coast of Newfoundland. Sir Humphrey Gilbert had already been detailed to aid a fishing vessel in the Atlantic, but was redirected to Douala as the French ship was in danger of foundering. While heading to Douala a barge broke loose aboard the Coast Guard vessel, causing damage to the ship and it was some time before the barge could be secured due to icing conditions. The Coast Guard vessel was delayed in arriving on the scene by the barge and on 21 December, Douala sank. 19 crew members of Douala were rescued on 22 December, of which two died while returning to Newfoundland. 13 members of the crew died in the water.In 1983, Sir Humphrey Gilbert became the test vessel for the Coast Guard's lay day crewing system. Under the lay day system, each ship has two crews which rotate on a 28-day interval. While on board the ship, the crew perform 12-hour work shifts, seven days a week. At the end of the 28-day interval, the crew rotates off the ship for a four-week break. The trials proved a success and the system was adopted fleet-wide.
| 3
|
[
"CCGS Sir Wilfred Grenfell",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Sir Wilfred Grenfell is a Canadian Coast Guard vessel based in Victoria, British Columbia. Designated an "Offshore Ice Strengthened Multi Patrol Vessel", the former offshore supply vessel is named after the medical missionary in Labrador, Sir Wilfred Grenfell. Constructed in 1984–1985, Sir Wilfred Grenfell was purchased by the Canadian Government and converted for Coast Guard service. In 1994, she played an important role in the fishing conflict known as the Turbot War in the Atlantic Ocean.Design and description
The ship is 68.5 m (224 ft 9 in) long overall with a beam of 15 m (49 ft 3 in) and a draught of 5 m (16 ft 5 in). The vessel has a fully loaded displacement of 3,753 long tons (3,813 t) and a 2,404 gross tonnage (GT) and 664.5 net tonnage (NT). The hull has been ice-strengthened. The ship is not capable of operating aircraft.Sir Wilfred Grenfell is powered by four Deutz 4SA diesel engines, two 16-cylinder and two 9-cylinder models, driving two shafts with controllable-pitch propellers. This creates 12,682 horsepower (9,457 kW) giving the vessel a maximum speed of 16 knots (30 km/h). The supply vessel has capacity for 879.70 m3 (193,510 imp gal) of diesel fuel, giving the ship a range of 11,000 nautical miles (20,000 km) at 11 knots (20 km/h). The ship has a complement of 20 with 9 officers and 11 crew and 16 spare berths. The ship carries an 85-ton towing winch.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier is a Martha L. Black-class light icebreaker and major navaids tender of the Canadian Coast Guard. Built in 1986 by Canadian Shipbuilding at Collingwood, Ontario, Canada, she was the last ship constructed there. The ship has been based out of Victoria, British Columbia.Description and design
Designed as a light icebreaker and buoy tender, Sir Wilfrid Laurier displaces 4,662 long tons (4,737 t) fully loaded with a 3,812.1 gross tonnage (GT) and a 1,533.6 net tonnage (NT). The ship is 83.0 metres (272 ft 4 in) long overall with a beam of 16.2 metres (53 ft 2 in) and a draught of 5.8 metres (19 ft 0 in).The vessel is propelled by two fixed-pitch propellers and bow thrusters powered by three Alco 251F diesel-electric engines creating 8,847 horsepower (6,597 kW) and three Canadian GE generators producing 6 megawatts of AC power driving two Canadian GE motors creating 7,040 horsepower (5,250 kW). The ship is also equipped with one Caterpillar 3306 emergency generator. This gives the ship a maximum speed of 15.5 knots (28.7 km/h). Capable of carrying 1,096.0 long tons (1,113.6 t) of diesel fuel, Sir Wilfrid Laurier has a maximum range of 6,500 nautical miles (12,000 km) at a cruising speed of 11 knots (20 km/h) and can stay at sea for up to 120 days. The ship is certified as Arctic Class 2.The icebreaker is equipped with one Racal Decca Bridgemaster navigational radar operating on the I band. The vessel has a 980 m3 (35,000 cu ft) cargo hold. Sir Wilfrid Laurier has a flight deck and hangar which originally accommodated light helicopters of the MBB Bo 105 or Bell 206L types, but in the 2010s, the Bell 429 GlobalRanger and Bell 412EPI were acquired by the Canadian Coast Guard to replace the older helicopters. The ship has a complement of 27, with 10 officers and 17 crew. Sir Wilfrid Laurier has 26 additional berths.Operational history
The ship was constructed by Canadian Shipbuilding at their yard in Collingwood, Ontario with the yard number 230. Named for a former prime minister of Canada, Sir Wilfrid Laurier was launched on 6 December 1985 and entered service on 15 November 1986. The ship is registered in Ottawa, Ontario, and homeported at Victoria, British Columbia. The ship was initially assigned to the Laurentian Region, but transferred to the Western Region.Sir Wilfrid Laurier is a multi-tasked vessel which carries out a wide variety of Coast Guard programs including buoy tending, search and rescue, science work, lightstation re-supply, beacon maintenance, radio repeater site maintenance, and icebreaking/escorting, aids to navigation and science work during summer patrols in the Arctic.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier",
"manufacturer",
"Collingwood Shipbuilding"
] |
CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier is a Martha L. Black-class light icebreaker and major navaids tender of the Canadian Coast Guard. Built in 1986 by Canadian Shipbuilding at Collingwood, Ontario, Canada, she was the last ship constructed there. The ship has been based out of Victoria, British Columbia.Operational history
The ship was constructed by Canadian Shipbuilding at their yard in Collingwood, Ontario with the yard number 230. Named for a former prime minister of Canada, Sir Wilfrid Laurier was launched on 6 December 1985 and entered service on 15 November 1986. The ship is registered in Ottawa, Ontario, and homeported at Victoria, British Columbia. The ship was initially assigned to the Laurentian Region, but transferred to the Western Region.Sir Wilfrid Laurier is a multi-tasked vessel which carries out a wide variety of Coast Guard programs including buoy tending, search and rescue, science work, lightstation re-supply, beacon maintenance, radio repeater site maintenance, and icebreaking/escorting, aids to navigation and science work during summer patrols in the Arctic.
| 3
|
[
"CCGS Sir William Alexander",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Sir William Alexander is a Martha L. Black-class light icebreaker. Entering service in 1987, the vessel is currently assigned to CCG Maritimes Region and is homeported at CCG Base Dartmouth, in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. The vessel is named after Scottish explorer Sir William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling, who was an early colonizer of Nova Scotia.Description and design
Designed as a light icebreaker and buoy tender, Sir William Alexander and sister ship CCGS Edward Cornwallis differ from the rest of the class by having one less deck in the superstructure and their buoy-handling derricks mounted forward. Sir William Alexander had her derricks replaced by a crane in 1998. Sir William Alexander displaces 4,662 long tons (4,737 t) fully loaded with a 3,727.2 gross tonnage (GT) and a 1,503.0 net tonnage (NT). The ship is 83.0 metres (272 ft 4 in) long overall with a beam of 16.2 metres (53 ft 2 in) and a draught of 5.8 metres (19 ft 0 in).The vessel is powered by is propelled by two fixed pitch propellers and bow thrusters powered by three Alco 251F diesel-electric engines creating 8,847 horsepower (6,597 kW) and three Canadian GE generators producing 6 megawatts of AC power driving two Canadian GE motors creating 7,040 horsepower (5,250 kW). The ship is also equipped with one Caterpillar 3306 emergency generator. This gives the ship a maximum speed of 16 knots (30 km/h). Capable of carrying 784.0 long tons (796.6 t) of diesel fuel, Sir William Alexander has a maximum range of 6,500 nautical miles (12,000 km) at a cruising speed of 13.7 knots (25.4 km/h) and can stay at sea for up to 120 days. The ship is certified as Arctic Class 2.The icebreaker is equipped with one Racal Decca Bridgemaster navigational radar operating on the I band. The vessel is equipped a 980 m3 (35,000 cu ft) cargo hold. Sir William Alexander has a flight deck and hangar which originally accommodated light helicopters of the MBB Bo 105 or Bell 206L types, but in the 2010s, the Bell 429 GlobalRanger and Bell 412EPI were acquired by the Canadian Coast Guard to replace the older helicopters. The ship has a complement of 26, with 10 officers and 16 crew. Sir William Alexander has nine additional berths.Operational history
The ship was constructed by Marine Industries at their yard in Tracy, Quebec with the yard number 451. Sir William Alexander was launched on 23 October 1986 and entered service on 13 February 1987. The ship is registered in Ottawa, Ontario, and homeported at Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Sir William Alexander",
"operator",
"Canadian Coast Guard"
] |
CCGS Sir William Alexander is a Martha L. Black-class light icebreaker. Entering service in 1987, the vessel is currently assigned to CCG Maritimes Region and is homeported at CCG Base Dartmouth, in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. The vessel is named after Scottish explorer Sir William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling, who was an early colonizer of Nova Scotia.
| 2
|
[
"CCGS Sir William Alexander",
"manufacturer",
"Marine Industries"
] |
Operational history
The ship was constructed by Marine Industries at their yard in Tracy, Quebec with the yard number 451. Sir William Alexander was launched on 23 October 1986 and entered service on 13 February 1987. The ship is registered in Ottawa, Ontario, and homeported at Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.
| 4
|
[
"CCGS Teleost",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Teleost is a Canadian Coast Guard fisheries research vessel. The ship was originally constructed in Norway in 1988 as a commercial fishing trawler named Atlantic Champion. In 1993, the Canadian government purchased the vessel and after a competition among schoolchildren, the vessel was named Teleost by the winner. The vessel was converted to an offshore fisheries research vessel in 1994–1995 and entered service in 1996 with the Canadian Coast Guard. The ship is currently in active service.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Thunder Cape",
"instance of",
"Cape-class lifeboat"
] |
Design
Like all Cape-class motor lifeboats, Thunder Cape has a displacement of 20 short tons (18 t) and a total length of 47 feet 11 inches (14.61 m) and a beam of 14 feet (4.3 m). Constructed from marine-grade aluminium, it has a draught of 4 feet 6 inches (1.37 m). It contains two computer-operated Detroit DDEC-III 6V-92TA diesel engines providing a combined 870 shaft horsepower. It has two 28 by 36 inches (710 mm × 910 mm) four-blade propellers, and its complement is four crew members and five passengers.The lifeboat has a maximum speed of 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph) and a cruising speed of 22 knots (41 km/h; 25 mph). Cape-class lifeboats have fuel capacities of 400 US gallons (1,500 L; 330 imp gal) and ranges of 200 nautical miles (370 km; 230 mi) when cruising. Thunder Cape is capable of operating at wind speeds of 50 knots (93 km/h; 58 mph) and wave heights of 30 feet (9.1 m). It can tow ships with displacements of up to 150 tonnes (170 short tons) and can withstand 60 knots (110 km/h; 69 mph) winds and 20 feet (6.1 m)-high breaking waves.Communication options include Raytheon 152 HF-SSB and Motorola Spectra 9000 VHF50W radios, and a Raytheon RAY 430 loudhailer system. The boat also supports the Simrad TD-L1550 VHF-FM radio direction finder. Raytheon provides a number of other electronic systems for the lifeboat, including the RAYCHART 620, the ST 30 heading indicator and ST 50 depth indicator, the NAV 398 global positioning system, a RAYPILOT 650 autopilot system, and either the R41X AN or SPS-69 radar systems.
| 1
|
[
"CCGS Thunder Cape",
"manufacturer",
"MetalCraft Marine"
] |
CCGS Thunder Cape is one of the Canadian Coast Guard's 36 Cape-class motor lifeboats. She was built in Kingston, Ontario, in 2000, by MetalCraft Marine and MIL Systems and was moved to Goderich, Ontario, in October 2005. Assigned to the Central and Arctic Region, the lifeboat serves the Lake Erie area. The boat is backed up by search and rescue operations from 424 Transport and Rescue Squadron (at CFB Trenton). The Thunder Cape was damaged in a collision with the breakwater at the outlet of the Mission River in Thunder Bay.
| 2
|
[
"CCGS Thunder Cape",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Thunder Cape is one of the Canadian Coast Guard's 36 Cape-class motor lifeboats. She was built in Kingston, Ontario, in 2000, by MetalCraft Marine and MIL Systems and was moved to Goderich, Ontario, in October 2005. Assigned to the Central and Arctic Region, the lifeboat serves the Lake Erie area. The boat is backed up by search and rescue operations from 424 Transport and Rescue Squadron (at CFB Trenton). The Thunder Cape was damaged in a collision with the breakwater at the outlet of the Mission River in Thunder Bay.
| 3
|
[
"CCGS Tuebor",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Tuebor was a specialty vessel of the Canadian Coast Guard used for environmental responses in the Maritimes and formerly a fisheries patrol vessel. The vessel was listed for auction in November 2018 as a "1987 Les Bateau 12M Marine Vessel..." for $30,000.00 Canadian. At time of sale she had undergone refit less than 200 hours of use prior, and was equipped with a Volvo Penta Inboard Diesel, model TAMD 103A. She was registered to Ottawa, under 808729.
| 0
|
[
"CCGS Tuebor",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
CCGS Tuebor was a specialty vessel of the Canadian Coast Guard used for environmental responses in the Maritimes and formerly a fisheries patrol vessel. The vessel was listed for auction in November 2018 as a "1987 Les Bateau 12M Marine Vessel..." for $30,000.00 Canadian. At time of sale she had undergone refit less than 200 hours of use prior, and was equipped with a Volvo Penta Inboard Diesel, model TAMD 103A. She was registered to Ottawa, under 808729.
| 1
|
[
"CCGS Tupper",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CCGS Tupper was a Canadian Coast Guard ice-strengthened buoy tender that served from 1959 to 1998. The vessel spent her entire career on the East Coast of Canada. Following her Canadian service, Tupper was sold to private interests with the intention of converting her to a yacht, but the conversion never happened and the vessel moved about Halifax Harbour, suffering a fire in 2008 before being sold for scrap in 2011. The vessel was not scrapped and the Canadian Coast Guard was forced to address the pollution concerns of the abandoned vessel in 2021.
| 2
|
[
"CCGS Tupper",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
Design and description
Tupper and sister ship Simon Fraser were 62.4 m (204 ft 9 in) long overall with a beam of 12.8 m (42 ft 0 in) and a draught of 4.2 m (13 ft 9 in). The vessel had a fully loaded displacement of 1,876 long tons (1,906 t) and a gross register tonnage (GRT) of 1,358. The vessels were powered by a diesel-electric system driving two screws creating 2,900 shaft horsepower (2,200 kW). This gave the vessels a maximum speed of 14 knots (26 km/h). The ships were fitted with a flight deck and a telescopic hangar and were capable of operating one helicopter.Service history
The buoy tender's keel was laid down in March 1959 by Marine Industries at their yard in Sorel, Quebec with the yard number 257. Tupper was launched on 3 October 1959, named for a former Prime Minister of Canada. The ship entered service with the Department of Transport on 1 December 1959. In 1962 the Department of Transport's Marine Service fleet was merged into the newly formed Canadian Coast Guard and Tupper was given the new prefix CCGS.Tupper was active in servicing the navigation aids of Atlantic Canada as well as operating in heavy ice conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and St. Lawrence River, and also acted as a harbour cleanup vessel. She occasionally traveled to the north. Earlier in her career she was stationed in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.
| 3
|
[
"CCGS Wilfred Templeman",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
Design and description
Wilfred Templeman is of a stern commercial trawler design, similar to CCGS Alfred Needler with different machinery, power and speed. The ship is 50.3 m (165 ft 0 in) long overall with a beam of 11 m (36 ft 1 in) and a draught of 4.9 m (16 ft 1 in). The vessel has a 925 gross tonnage (GT). The ship is powered by a diesel engine driving one controllable pitch propeller creating 1,970 brake horsepower (1,470 kW). This gives Wilfred Templeman a maximum speed of 11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph).
| 1
|
[
"CFAV Firebrand (YTR 562)",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
CFAV Firebrand (YTR 562) is a Fire-class fireboat in the Royal Canadian Navy designed by Robert Allan Ltd.
Firebrand is based in CFB Esquimalt, on Vancouver Island.
Her sister ship CFAV Firebird (YTR 561) was based in CFB Halifax and decommissioned in 2014.
Firebrand has three water cannons can fire water, supplemented by fire suppressant foam from her two 250 gallon tanks.
Her water cannons are capable of pumping a 19,000 litres per minute at 150 psi.
Although not operated as such, she can also serve as a tugboat, and has a bollard pull of 7.5 tons.
| 0
|
[
"CFAV Firebrand (YTR 562)",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
CFAV Firebrand (YTR 562) is a Fire-class fireboat in the Royal Canadian Navy designed by Robert Allan Ltd.
Firebrand is based in CFB Esquimalt, on Vancouver Island.
Her sister ship CFAV Firebird (YTR 561) was based in CFB Halifax and decommissioned in 2014.
Firebrand has three water cannons can fire water, supplemented by fire suppressant foam from her two 250 gallon tanks.
Her water cannons are capable of pumping a 19,000 litres per minute at 150 psi.
Although not operated as such, she can also serve as a tugboat, and has a bollard pull of 7.5 tons.
| 1
|
[
"CFAV Firebrand (YTR 562)",
"operator",
"Royal Canadian Navy"
] |
CFAV Firebrand (YTR 562) is a Fire-class fireboat in the Royal Canadian Navy designed by Robert Allan Ltd.
Firebrand is based in CFB Esquimalt, on Vancouver Island.
Her sister ship CFAV Firebird (YTR 561) was based in CFB Halifax and decommissioned in 2014.
Firebrand has three water cannons can fire water, supplemented by fire suppressant foam from her two 250 gallon tanks.
Her water cannons are capable of pumping a 19,000 litres per minute at 150 psi.
Although not operated as such, she can also serve as a tugboat, and has a bollard pull of 7.5 tons.
| 3
|
[
"CGS Aberdeen",
"instance of",
"buoy tender"
] |
CGS Aberdeen was a Canadian Government Ship launched in 1894, which served as a lighthouse supply and buoy vessel. The vessel served on the East Coast of Canada until 1923, when the vessel ran aground on Seal Island, Nova Scotia.
| 0
|
[
"CGS Aberdeen",
"manufacturer",
"Fleming and Ferguson"
] |
Service history
Aberdeen was ordered in 1893 from Fleming & Ferguson and constructed at their yard in Paisley, Scotland. The ship was launched on 19 June 1894 and completed in August of that year. The ship was named for the Earl of Aberdeen, the Governor General of Canada at the time. Entering service in 1894, Aberdeen was initially deployed as a lighthouse supply and buoy vessel along the Atlantic coast of Canada. The vessel was later transferred to Quebec before returning to the Atlantic coast in 1904 when the vessel was assigned to Saint John, New Brunswick.
| 2
|
[
"CGS Aberdeen",
"owned by",
"Government of Canada"
] |
CGS Aberdeen was a Canadian Government Ship launched in 1894, which served as a lighthouse supply and buoy vessel. The vessel served on the East Coast of Canada until 1923, when the vessel ran aground on Seal Island, Nova Scotia.
| 5
|
[
"CGS Simcoe (1909)",
"manufacturer",
"Swan Hunter"
] |
Construction and career
Simcoe was ordered from Swan Hunter and Wigham Richardson Limited to be constructed in their yard at Wallsend, England. The ship was launched on 21 January 1909 and completed in March of the year. Simcoe was one of two vessels acquired at the time for permanent service on the Great Lakes. She was homeported in Parry Sound, Ontario.Simcoe was ordered to the East Coast of Canada to replace Dollard. Based at Saint John, New Brunswick, the vessel was travelling from Sydney, Nova Scotia, having stopped en route at Bird Island Lighthouse to drop off supplies, to Saint John when the ship encountered a storm. On 7 December 1917, the vessel sank near the Magdalen Islands with all 44 people aboard. Only one distress signal was received before contact was lost with the ship.
| 1
|
[
"CSS Acadia",
"country",
"Canada"
] |
History
Acadia was designed in Ottawa by Canadian naval architect R.L. Newman for the Hydrographic Survey of Canada and built by Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson at Newcastle-on-Tyne in England. Named after Acadia, the early colonial name for Atlantic Canada, she was launched on May 8, 1913. Acadia arrived in Halifax on July 8 and was commissioned that July upon her first voyage using the prefix CGS, which stood for "Canadian Government Ship." She saw extensive use prior to 1917 surveying the waters along Canada's Atlantic coast, including tidal charting and depth soundings for various ports. Her first two seasons were spent charting in Hudson Bay at Port Nelson and the entrance to Hudson Bay to open the way for a grain port for Manitoba. In her first year, she also made the first Canadian surveys of notorious Sable Island and rescued the crew of the steamship Alette, crushed by ice in Hudson Bay, the first of several rescue operations the Acadia would perform. Among her more enduring work was a survey of the Bay of Fundy which became her longest assignment prior to entering military service in World War I.
| 0
|
[
"CSS Acadia",
"has use",
"museum ship"
] |
CSS Acadia is a former hydrographic surveying and oceanographic research ship of the Hydrographic Survey of Canada and its successor the Canadian Hydrographic Service.
Acadia served Canada for 56 years from 1913 to 1969, charting the coastline of almost every part of Eastern Canada including pioneering surveys of Hudson Bay. She was also twice commissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) as HMCS Acadia, the only ship still afloat to have served the RCN in both World Wars. She is also the last remaining ship afloat that was present at the 1917 Halifax Explosion. Today she is a museum ship, designated as a National Historic Site of Canada, moored in Halifax Harbour at the Maritime Museum of the Atlantic.Museum ship
She retired from active service on November 28, 1969, and was transferred to the Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO) for use as a museum ship. Acadia was declared a National Historic Site in 1976. On February 9, 1982, the BIO transferred CSS Acadia to the Maritime Museum of the Atlantic for preservation and interpretation. She is moored at the Museum's North Wharf and opens to visitors from May to October. Acadia is known for being one of the last ships in Halifax that was home to an official ship's cat used for rodent control. Acadia is dry docked every five years to preserve her hull, formerly at the Dartmouth Marine Slips and at Halifax Shipyard in more recent years.
In the summer Acadia is joined at the Museum wharves by HMCS Sackville, operated by the Canadian Naval Memorial Trust. The two nearly identically sized ships present a contrast in shipbuilding eras and offer an ironic comparison as Sackville is a warship which became a part-time hydrographic ship and Acadia is a hydrographic ship which became a part-time warship.
Acadia is the only known vessel still afloat to have survived the Halifax Explosion in 1917. Every year on the December 6 anniversary of the explosion, Acadia hoists the same signal flags she flew on the day of the explosion.
| 4
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[
"CSS Acadia",
"heritage designation",
"national historic site of Canada"
] |
CSS Acadia is a former hydrographic surveying and oceanographic research ship of the Hydrographic Survey of Canada and its successor the Canadian Hydrographic Service.
Acadia served Canada for 56 years from 1913 to 1969, charting the coastline of almost every part of Eastern Canada including pioneering surveys of Hudson Bay. She was also twice commissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) as HMCS Acadia, the only ship still afloat to have served the RCN in both World Wars. She is also the last remaining ship afloat that was present at the 1917 Halifax Explosion. Today she is a museum ship, designated as a National Historic Site of Canada, moored in Halifax Harbour at the Maritime Museum of the Atlantic.
| 5
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[
"CSS Acadia",
"manufacturer",
"Swan Hunter"
] |
History
Acadia was designed in Ottawa by Canadian naval architect R.L. Newman for the Hydrographic Survey of Canada and built by Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson at Newcastle-on-Tyne in England. Named after Acadia, the early colonial name for Atlantic Canada, she was launched on May 8, 1913. Acadia arrived in Halifax on July 8 and was commissioned that July upon her first voyage using the prefix CGS, which stood for "Canadian Government Ship." She saw extensive use prior to 1917 surveying the waters along Canada's Atlantic coast, including tidal charting and depth soundings for various ports. Her first two seasons were spent charting in Hudson Bay at Port Nelson and the entrance to Hudson Bay to open the way for a grain port for Manitoba. In her first year, she also made the first Canadian surveys of notorious Sable Island and rescued the crew of the steamship Alette, crushed by ice in Hudson Bay, the first of several rescue operations the Acadia would perform. Among her more enduring work was a survey of the Bay of Fundy which became her longest assignment prior to entering military service in World War I.
| 6
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[
"CSS Acadia",
"collection",
"Maritime Museum of the Atlantic"
] |
CSS Acadia is a former hydrographic surveying and oceanographic research ship of the Hydrographic Survey of Canada and its successor the Canadian Hydrographic Service.
Acadia served Canada for 56 years from 1913 to 1969, charting the coastline of almost every part of Eastern Canada including pioneering surveys of Hudson Bay. She was also twice commissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) as HMCS Acadia, the only ship still afloat to have served the RCN in both World Wars. She is also the last remaining ship afloat that was present at the 1917 Halifax Explosion. Today she is a museum ship, designated as a National Historic Site of Canada, moored in Halifax Harbour at the Maritime Museum of the Atlantic.
| 7
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[
"Cadboro (1824 schooner)",
"owned by",
"Hudson's Bay Company"
] |
Cadboro (or Cadborough) was a schooner launched at Rye, England, in 1824. The Hudson's Bay Company purchased her in 1826 and sold her in 1860. She grounded just north of Port Angeles, WA in October 1962 and was destroyed by pounding surf shortly thereafter.
| 1
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[
"Cadboro (1824 schooner)",
"instance of",
"schooner"
] |
Cadboro (or Cadborough) was a schooner launched at Rye, England, in 1824. The Hudson's Bay Company purchased her in 1826 and sold her in 1860. She grounded just north of Port Angeles, WA in October 1962 and was destroyed by pounding surf shortly thereafter.Career
Cadboro first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1824 with T. Rubie, master, C. Hicks, owner, and trade Leith coaster.In 1826 the Hudson's Bay Company purchased her for £800 for the fur trade from the Pacific Northwest Coast. On 25 September she sailed for the Columbia River in company with another Hudson's Bay Company vessel, William and Ann. Cadboro arrived on the coast in May 1827. From there she sailed north, and then south to Monterrey.
In 1828 the Cadboro was used in an asymmetric use of force by HBC Chief Factor John McLoughlin against the S'Klallam tribe after an earlier raid. In the early morning, under the command of Alexander McCleod, the Cadboro fired its cannons into a village near Port Townsend, killing twenty-seven people and leveling the village. In 1842 James Douglas (later Sir James Douglas, Governor of the Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia) and six other company staff traveled from Fort Vancouver overland to Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound. Cadboro sailed north to reconnoitre the location of what would become Fort Camosun, shortly afterwards renamed Fort Victoria.Cadboro was the first vessel to anchor in Cadboro Bay, British Columbia and was the namesake of that bay and the community named for it, and adjoining Cadboro Point.In 1846, Cadboro was chartered to transport the survivors of the shipwreck of schooner USS Shark to California. She left in January and returned on 17 February 1847.
| 2
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[
"Canada (1891)",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
Canada was a full-rigged ship built in 1891 at Kingsport, Nova Scotia on the Minas Basin and was the largest sailing ship operated in Canada when launched in 1891. Canada was built and owned by Charles Rufus Burgess of nearby Wolfville, Nova Scotia. Despite the decline in wooden shipbuilding, Burgess saw that there was still potential for very large wooden sailing ships to make profits in the twilight days of the wooden sailing ship era. He had built the barque Kings County, the previous year, the largest four-masted barque ever built in Canada. Burgess planned to make Canada to be the largest sailing ship ever built in Canada, but damage, during harvesting, to a timber intended for the keel caused her length to be trimmed by ten feet making Canada slightly smaller than the ship William D. Lawrence built in 1874. However, as the William D. Lawrence had been sold to Norwegian owners and renamed in 1883, the ship Canada still claimed the honour of being the largest sailing ship under the Canadian flag at the time of her launch. Between 75 and 150 men were employed in building the ship. Canada was designed by master builder Ebenezer Cox who was in charge of the Burgess Shipyard in Kingsport where he had built ships since the 1860s and was regarded at the time to have built more ships than any man in Canada. The construction cost $111,000. Her interior included a finely outfitted captain's cabin, finished in walnut, ash and rosewood with a full dining room, office and bathroom. Her launch at noon on July 6, 1891 attracted 5,000 people from all across Western Nova Scotia, brought by multiple special trains run by the Cornwallis Valley Railway. It was regarded as the biggest event in the history of the village. A tug took the completed hull of Canada from the launch at Kingsport to Saint John, New Brunswick where the masting, rigging and outfitting was completed at the Customs House Wharf. Her immense size attracted hundreds to the Saint John waterfront to see Canada depart on September 1, 1891 for her maiden voyage, carrying with a cargo of lumber worth $144,109 bound for Liverpool, England. Classed A1 by Lloyd's Register for 14 years, Canada made several fast passages between South America and Australia. However by 1900, the ship was facing stif competition for cargoes from the growing numbers of general cargo steamships. Canada was converted to a gypsum barge in 1910, carrying gypsum from Windsor, Nova Scotia to Staten Island, New York for the Gypsum Transportation Company of New York. She was towed a final time from New York to Portland, Maine in 1926 where she was broken up.
| 2
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[
"MV Canadian Miner",
"manufacturer",
"Canadian Vickers"
] |
Service history
The vessel was constructed in sections. The bow and cargo sections were built by G T Davie at Lauzon, Quebec under yard number 97. The vessel was launched on 13 November 1965. The ship was assembled by Canadian Vickers at its Montreal shipyard in 1966 under yard number 287. The ship was completed on 25 April 1966.The vessel began service in 1966 as MV Maplecliffe Hall and was operated by her first owners Hall Navigation until 1988. Like most lakers the vessel was a bulk carrier designed to ship grain, iron ore, aggregate or coal. In 1984 Hall experimented with the vessel carrying standard shipping containers but it was not deemed a success.Hall Navigation dissolved in 1988 and its assets were acquired by Canada Steamship Lines (CSL). The ship was renamed MV Lemoyne and she operated under CSL ownership until 1994. CSL sold the ship to Upper Lakes Shipping in 1994 and she was renamed MV Canadian Miner. The vessel had been built with a rarely used owner's stateroom. In 2006, to help raise funds to equip Georgian College with a marine simulator, Upper Lakes Shipping offered a trip for two in the owner's stateroom as the grand prize in a raffle.
In 2011 the ship was sold to Arvina Navigation SA, Turkey and renamed simply MV Miner for her final trip.
| 1
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[
"Cecil Ferry",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
The Cecil Ferry is a cable ferry in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan east of Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. The ferry crosses the North Saskatchewan River, providing a link between Saskatchewan Highway 302 and Saskatchewan Highway 55.
The six-car ferry is operated by the Saskatchewan Ministry of Highways and Infrastructure. The ferry is free of tolls and operates between 7:00 am and midnight, during the ice-free season. The ferry has a length of 18.2 metres (60 ft), a width of 6.25 metres (20.5 ft), and a weight limit of 31.5 tonnes (31.0 long tons; 34.7 short tons).Of all cable ferries in the province, the Cecil Ferry carries the highest percentage of truck traffic. The ferry transports approximately 20,000 vehicles each year.
| 0
|
[
"Cecil Ferry",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Saskatchewan"
] |
The Cecil Ferry is a cable ferry in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan east of Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. The ferry crosses the North Saskatchewan River, providing a link between Saskatchewan Highway 302 and Saskatchewan Highway 55.
The six-car ferry is operated by the Saskatchewan Ministry of Highways and Infrastructure. The ferry is free of tolls and operates between 7:00 am and midnight, during the ice-free season. The ferry has a length of 18.2 metres (60 ft), a width of 6.25 metres (20.5 ft), and a weight limit of 31.5 tonnes (31.0 long tons; 34.7 short tons).Of all cable ferries in the province, the Cecil Ferry carries the highest percentage of truck traffic. The ferry transports approximately 20,000 vehicles each year.
| 1
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[
"Cecil Ferry",
"instance of",
"ferry ship"
] |
The Cecil Ferry is a cable ferry in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan east of Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. The ferry crosses the North Saskatchewan River, providing a link between Saskatchewan Highway 302 and Saskatchewan Highway 55.
The six-car ferry is operated by the Saskatchewan Ministry of Highways and Infrastructure. The ferry is free of tolls and operates between 7:00 am and midnight, during the ice-free season. The ferry has a length of 18.2 metres (60 ft), a width of 6.25 metres (20.5 ft), and a weight limit of 31.5 tonnes (31.0 long tons; 34.7 short tons).Of all cable ferries in the province, the Cecil Ferry carries the highest percentage of truck traffic. The ferry transports approximately 20,000 vehicles each year.
| 2
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[
"City of Ainsworth (paddle steamer)",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
City of Ainsworth was a paddle steamer sternwheeler that worked on Kootenay Lake in British Columbia, Canada from 1892 to 1898.
In November 1898, she sank during a storm in the worst sternwheeler disaster in Kootenay Lake history. She sank to such a great depth that her wreck would go undiscovered for nearly a century.
| 0
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[
"City of Ainsworth (paddle steamer)",
"instance of",
"paddle steamer"
] |
City of Ainsworth was a paddle steamer sternwheeler that worked on Kootenay Lake in British Columbia, Canada from 1892 to 1898.
In November 1898, she sank during a storm in the worst sternwheeler disaster in Kootenay Lake history. She sank to such a great depth that her wreck would go undiscovered for nearly a century.
| 1
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[
"Codseeker",
"instance of",
"schooner"
] |
Codseeker was a fishing schooner launched in April, 1877 that capsized east of Cape Sable Island, at the southwestern tip of Nova Scotia.Description
The schooner Codseeker was constructed at Port Clyde, Nova Scotia in 1877 by Thomas Coffin & Company. At the time, the Coffin's were known for their beautifully crafted ships, mostly schooners and square-rigged ships which sailed all over the world. She was a wooden vessel, constructed for the profitable, yet dangerous fishing along the coasts of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.
The schooner was 58 feet 6 inches (17.83 m) long, with a beam that reached 18 feet 5 inches (5.61 m). Codseeker had a net gross ton of 42 and registered ton of 29.5. The vessel sailed with the standard rigging and gaf topsail. A schooner with her dimensions would have required a certain amount of ballast to combat lateral forces against the sail. However, Codseeker was not built with the customary amount of counterbalance, most likely due to the schooner's depth.
| 1
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[
"Columbia (Arrow Lakes sternwheeler)",
"instance of",
"paddle steamer"
] |
Columbia was a sternwheel steamboat that ran on the Arrow Lakes in British Columbia from 1891 to 1894. Columbia should be distinguished from the many other vessels with the same or similar names, including in particular the propeller-driven steamboat Columbia that ran on the Arrow Lakes for many years.The Arrow Lakes route
Columbia was the fourth large sternwheeler to run on the 130-mile (210 km) long Arrow Lakes (and adjacent stretches of the Columbia River). Before the construction of the Keenleyside Dam in the 1960s, there were two Arrow Lakes, called the upper and lower, which were separated by a stretch of shallow water known as the Narrows. The lakes are part of the Columbia River, which flows into the upper Arrow Lake at Arrowhead, British Columbia, and begins again at the southern end of the lower lake near the towns of Robson and Castlegar. Steamers running on Arrow Lakes typically started from the railheads. In the early 1890s the northern railhead was Revelstoke about 25 miles (40 km) up the Columbia River from Arrowhead, where the transcontinental line of the Canadian Pacific Railway crossed the Columbia. In the south, the Great Northern Railway had reached Little Dalles, Washington by the 1890s. Rail construction was ongoing however. C.P.R. was building an extension south from Revelstoke along the east side of the Columbia River, which would eventually reach Arrowhead. By 1894 the extension had only gone as far as the town of Wigwam, about halfway between Revelstoke and Arrowhead, which became the northernmost point on the route for Columbia.
| 1
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[
"Conveyor (sternwheeler)",
"instance of",
"paddle steamer"
] |
The Conveyor was one of five sternwheelers built for the use on the Skeena River by Foley, Welch and Stewart for construction work on the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway. The other four were the Operator, the Skeena, the Distributor and the Omineca. Three of these, the Conveyor, the Operator and the Distributor were built at Victoria, British Columbia in 1908 by Alexander Watson Jr.Skeena River
The Conveyor began her work on the Skeena River in 1909 under the command of Captain Jack Shannon. She and the other four Foley, Welch and Stewart sternwheelers had their work cut out for them. The construction of the railway from Prince Rupert to Hazelton was one of the most difficult sections of track that would ever be laid in North America. This 186 mile stretch would take nearly four years to build and would employ thousands of workers.
At the end of the season of navigation in 1911, the Conveyor and her sister ship Operator were finished on the Skeena, but would continue to work on the Grand Trunk Pacific from the other end of construction on the upper Fraser River.
| 0
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[
"Stormont II",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Nova Scotia"
] |
The Stormont II is a cable ferry operating in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.
Stormont II was built by Ferguson Industries Ltd. at Pictou in 1980. It is owned by the Minister of Transportation and Infrastructure Renewal.
Stormont II currently operates on a 0.41 nmi (760 m) route across Country Harbour in Guysborough County where it connects Port Bickerton in the west with Isaac's Harbour North in the east, carrying traffic for Route 211.
The ferry has a capacity of 12 automobile-equivalent vehicles, measuring 24.72 m (81.1 ft) in length and 9.45 m (31.0 ft) in breadth while having a draught of 1.52 m (5.0 ft). It has a gross tonnage of 84 GT and is powered by a 74 kW (99 hp) diesel engine which pulls the ferry on a fixed cable at a speed of 5 kn (9.3 km/h).
| 0
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[
"D.R. Campbell",
"manufacturer",
"Robert Moran"
] |
Construction
D.R. Campbell was built at the shipyard of Robert Moran, a successful shipbuilder in Seattle, Washington. Named for David Rae Campbell (1830–1911), a Maine wool manufacturer who financed the Seattle-Yukon Transportation Co.
D.R. Campbell was one of twelve nearly identical sternwheelers built at the same time at the Moran yard. These vessels were built to take advantage of the huge demand for inland shipping that was caused by the Klondike Gold Rush. All the vessels were launched the same day, April 23, 1898, everyone with steam up in the boiler. The vessels were all complete by about May 25, 1898.
| 2
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[
"Edmonton Riverboat",
"country of registry",
"Canada"
] |
The Edmonton Riverboat, formerly known as the Edmonton Queen, is a riverboat on the North Saskatchewan River in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The riverboat originally started to sail on the river under the name Edmonton Queen in 1995 and has become a unique Edmonton attraction. The Edmonton Riverboat is 52 metres long and configured to carry 399 passengers as of 2020. The Edmonton Riverboat primary operates during the summer months as the cold weather, variable river levels and the North Saskatchewan River is often iced-over throughout the winter.
| 1
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[
"Evandale Ferry",
"instance of",
"cable ferry"
] |
The Evandale Ferry is a cable ferry in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. The ferry carries New Brunswick Route 124 across the Saint John River, linking Kars on the east bank to Evandale on the west bank.The crossing is 0.5 kilometres (0.31 mi) in length, takes 5 minutes, and is free of tolls. The ferry carries up to 15 cars at a time, and operates 24 hours a day all year. It is operated by the New Brunswick Department of Transportation. The department has a ferry maintenance yard by the ferry's eastern terminus.
| 2
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[
"FV Monte Galineiro",
"instance of",
"ship"
] |
The FV Monte Galineiro was a Spanish fishing vessel that sank 400 km (250 mi) off the coast of Newfoundland on February 22, 2009.
The CCGS Leonard J. Cowley of the Canadian Coast Guard was doing a routine patrol when it responded to the Monte Galineiro's distress call, and arrived within ten minutes, rescuing all twenty-two of the vessel's crew. The cause of the sinking is not currently clear but was possibly caused by a fire. The vessel sank within twenty minutes; many crew were found in the water without life jackets, and one was in his underwear. One crew member was treated for hypothermia and one for smoke inhalation. The crew members were from Spain, Ghana, Morocco and Romania.
| 1
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[
"Algiers",
"country",
"Algeria"
] |
Algiers ( al-JEERZ; Arabic: الجزائر, romanized: al-Jazāʾir; Berber languages: Dzayer; French: Alger, [alʒe]) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. The city's population at the 2008 census was 2,988,145 and in 2020 was estimated to be around 4,500,000. Algiers is in the north-central part of Algeria.Algiers is situated on the west side of the Bay of Algiers, in the Mediterranean Sea. The modern part of the city is built on the level ground by the seashore; the old part, the ancient city of the deys, climbs the steep hill behind the modern town and is crowned by the Casbah or citadel (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), 122 metres (400 ft) above the sea. The Casbah and the two quays form a triangle.
| 29
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[
"Algiers",
"instance of",
"capital city"
] |
Algiers ( al-JEERZ; Arabic: الجزائر, romanized: al-Jazāʾir; Berber languages: Dzayer; French: Alger, [alʒe]) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. The city's population at the 2008 census was 2,988,145 and in 2020 was estimated to be around 4,500,000. Algiers is in the north-central part of Algeria.Algiers is situated on the west side of the Bay of Algiers, in the Mediterranean Sea. The modern part of the city is built on the level ground by the seashore; the old part, the ancient city of the deys, climbs the steep hill behind the modern town and is crowned by the Casbah or citadel (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), 122 metres (400 ft) above the sea. The Casbah and the two quays form a triangle.
| 30
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[
"Algiers",
"significant event",
"Algiers expedition"
] |
Algiers from this time became the chief seat of the Barbary pirates. In October 1541 in the Algiers expedition, the King of Spain and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor sought to capture the city, but a storm destroyed a great number of his ships, and his army of some 30,000, chiefly made up of Spaniards, was defeated by the Algerians under their pasha, Hassan.
| 40
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[
"Tashkent",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Uzbekistan"
] |
Tashkent (, Uzbek: Toshkent, Тошкент / تاشکند, US also , from Russian: Ташкент) or Toshkent (; IPA: [tɒʃˈkent]), historically known as Chach, is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan. It is the most populous city in Central Asia, with a population of 2,909,500 (2022). It is located in northeastern Uzbekistan, near the border with Kazakhstan. Tashkent comes from the Turkic tash and kent, literally translated as "Stone City" or "City of Stones".
Before Islamic influence started in the mid-8th century AD, Tashkent was influenced by the Sogdian and Turkic cultures. After Genghis Khan destroyed it in 1219, it was rebuilt and profited from the Silk Road. From the 18th to the 19th century, the city became an independent city-state, before being re-conquered by the Khanate of Kokand. In 1865, Tashkent fell to the Russian Empire; it became the capital of Russian Turkestan. In Soviet times, it witnessed major growth and demographic changes due to forced deportations from throughout the Soviet Union. Much of Tashkent was destroyed in the 1966 Tashkent earthquake, but it was rebuilt as a model Soviet city. It was the fourth-largest city in the Soviet Union at the time, after Moscow, Leningrad and Kyiv.Today, as the capital of an independent Uzbekistan, Tashkent retains a multiethnic population, with ethnic Uzbeks as the majority. In 2009, it celebrated its 2,200 years of written history.
| 1
|
[
"Tashkent",
"capital of",
"Uzbekistan"
] |
Tashkent (, Uzbek: Toshkent, Тошкент / تاشکند, US also , from Russian: Ташкент) or Toshkent (; IPA: [tɒʃˈkent]), historically known as Chach, is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan. It is the most populous city in Central Asia, with a population of 2,909,500 (2022). It is located in northeastern Uzbekistan, near the border with Kazakhstan. Tashkent comes from the Turkic tash and kent, literally translated as "Stone City" or "City of Stones".
Before Islamic influence started in the mid-8th century AD, Tashkent was influenced by the Sogdian and Turkic cultures. After Genghis Khan destroyed it in 1219, it was rebuilt and profited from the Silk Road. From the 18th to the 19th century, the city became an independent city-state, before being re-conquered by the Khanate of Kokand. In 1865, Tashkent fell to the Russian Empire; it became the capital of Russian Turkestan. In Soviet times, it witnessed major growth and demographic changes due to forced deportations from throughout the Soviet Union. Much of Tashkent was destroyed in the 1966 Tashkent earthquake, but it was rebuilt as a model Soviet city. It was the fourth-largest city in the Soviet Union at the time, after Moscow, Leningrad and Kyiv.Today, as the capital of an independent Uzbekistan, Tashkent retains a multiethnic population, with ethnic Uzbeks as the majority. In 2009, it celebrated its 2,200 years of written history.Capital of Uzbekistan
Tashkent is the capital of and the most cosmopolitan city in Uzbekistan. It was noted for its tree-lined streets, numerous fountains, and pleasant parks, at least until the tree-cutting campaigns initiated in 2009 by the local government.
| 3
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[
"Tashkent",
"instance of",
"capital city"
] |
Soviet period
The city began to industrialize in the 1920s and 1930s.
Violating the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941. The government worked to relocate factories from western Russia and Ukraine to Tashkent to preserve the Soviet industrial capacity. This led to great increase in industry during World War II.
It also evacuated most of the German communist emigres to Tashkent. The Russian population increased dramatically; evacuees from the war zones increased the total population of Tashkent to well over a million. Russians and Ukrainians eventually comprised more than half of the total residents of Tashkent. Many of the former refugees stayed in Tashkent to live after the war, rather than return to former homes.
During the postwar period, the Soviet Union established numerous scientific and engineering facilities in Tashkent.
On 10 January 1966, then Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri and Pakistan President Ayub Khan signed a pact in Tashkent with Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin as the mediator to resolve the terms of peace after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. On the next day, Shastri died suddenly, reportedly due to a heart attack. It is widely speculated that Shastri was killed by poisoning the water he drank.Much of Tashkent's old city was destroyed by a powerful earthquake on 26 April 1966. More than 300,000 residents were left homeless, and some 78,000 poorly engineered homes were destroyed, mainly in the densely populated areas of the old city where traditional adobe housing predominated. The Soviet republics, and some other countries, such as Finland, sent "battalions of fraternal peoples" and urban planners to help rebuild devastated Tashkent.
Tashkent was rebuilt as a model Soviet city with wide streets planted with shade trees, parks, immense plazas for parades, fountains, monuments, and acres of apartment blocks. The Tashkent Metro was also built during this time. About 100,000 new homes were built by 1970, but the builders occupied many, rather than the homeless residents of Tashkent. Further development in the following years increased the size of the city with major new developments in the Chilonzor area, north-east and south-east of the city.At the time of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Tashkent was the fourth-largest city in the USSR and a center of learning in the fields of science and engineering.
Due to the 1966 earthquake and the Soviet redevelopment, little architectural heritage has survived of Tashkent's ancient history. Few structures mark its significance as a trading point on the historic Silk Road.Capital of Uzbekistan
Tashkent is the capital of and the most cosmopolitan city in Uzbekistan. It was noted for its tree-lined streets, numerous fountains, and pleasant parks, at least until the tree-cutting campaigns initiated in 2009 by the local government.Since 1991, the city has changed economically, culturally, and architecturally. New development has superseded or replaced icons of the Soviet era. The largest statue ever erected for Lenin was replaced with a globe, featuring a geographic map of Uzbekistan. Buildings from the Soviet era have been replaced with new modern buildings. The "Downtown Tashkent" district includes the 22-story NBU Bank building, international hotels, the International Business Center, and the Plaza Building.
| 13
|
[
"Tashkent",
"instance of",
"administrative territorial entity of Uzbekistan"
] |
Tashkent (, Uzbek: Toshkent, Тошкент / تاشکند, US also , from Russian: Ташкент) or Toshkent (; IPA: [tɒʃˈkent]), historically known as Chach, is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan. It is the most populous city in Central Asia, with a population of 2,909,500 (2022). It is located in northeastern Uzbekistan, near the border with Kazakhstan. Tashkent comes from the Turkic tash and kent, literally translated as "Stone City" or "City of Stones".
Before Islamic influence started in the mid-8th century AD, Tashkent was influenced by the Sogdian and Turkic cultures. After Genghis Khan destroyed it in 1219, it was rebuilt and profited from the Silk Road. From the 18th to the 19th century, the city became an independent city-state, before being re-conquered by the Khanate of Kokand. In 1865, Tashkent fell to the Russian Empire; it became the capital of Russian Turkestan. In Soviet times, it witnessed major growth and demographic changes due to forced deportations from throughout the Soviet Union. Much of Tashkent was destroyed in the 1966 Tashkent earthquake, but it was rebuilt as a model Soviet city. It was the fourth-largest city in the Soviet Union at the time, after Moscow, Leningrad and Kyiv.Today, as the capital of an independent Uzbekistan, Tashkent retains a multiethnic population, with ethnic Uzbeks as the majority. In 2009, it celebrated its 2,200 years of written history.
| 34
|
[
"Bowmore",
"instance of",
"village"
] |
History
Bowmore is a planned village with wide streets on a grid-iron pattern. It has its origins in an earlier settlement, Kilarrow, which until c. 1770 occupied the site of the present grounds of Islay House near Bridgend.In May 1685, Kilarrow was the scene of the first stages of Argyll's Rising, when rebels under the Earl of Argyll arrived from Netherlands in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow King James II and VII.
As part of his plans for improvements at Islay House, Daniel Campbell the Younger initiated the construction of the new village in 1770, just after the completion of the new Kilarrow Parish Church, which was built in a unique circular shape. The old village of Kilarrow and its church dedicated to St Maelrhuba, were then demolished, and its residents were relocated to the new village of Bowmore. Kilarrow Old Churchyard still exists close to the site of the former village.The Bowmore distillery came into operation some time before 1816 and is situated on the shores of Loch Indaal. In the 1980s, one of the distillery's warehouses was gifted to the community for conversion to a swimming pool and leisure centre. Named the Mactaggart Centre after one of the scheme's major donors, Sir John Mactaggart, it uses an innovative system of underground pipes to transfer waste heat from the distillery to the water for the swimming pool.
| 3
|
[
"Santiago",
"located in the administrative territorial entity",
"Santiago Metropolitan Region"
] |
The growth of Santiago has undergone several changes over the course of its history. In its early years, the city had a rate of growth 2.9% annually until the 17th century, then down to less than 2% per year until the early 20th century figures. During the 20th century, Santiago experienced a demographic explosion as it absorbed migration from mining camps in northern Chile during the economic crisis of the 1930s. The population surged again via migration from rural sectors between 1940 and 1960. This migration was coupled with high fertility rates, and annual growth reached 4.9% between 1952 and 1960. Growth has declined, reaching 1.4% in the early 2000s. The size of the city expanded constantly; The 20,000 hectares Santiago covered in 1960 doubled by 1980, reaching 64,140 hectares in 2002. The population density in Santiago is 8,464 inhabitants/km2.
The population of Santiago has seen a steady increase in recent years. In 1990 the total population under 20 years was 38.0% and 8.9% were over 60. Estimates in 2007 show that 32.9% of men and 30.7% of women were less than 20 years old, while 10.2% of men and 13.4% of women were over 60 years. For the year 2020, it is estimated that the figures will be 26.7% and 16.8%.
4,313,719 people in Chile say they were born in one of the communes of the Santiago Metropolitan Region, which, according to the 2002 census, amounts to 28.5% of the national total. 67.6% of the inhabitants of Santiago claim to have been born in one of the communes of the metropolitan area. In communes such as Santiago Centro and Independencia, according to 2017 census, 1/3 of residents is a Latin American immigrant (28% and 31% of the population of these communes, respectively). Other communes of Greater Santiago with high numbers of immigrants are Estación Central (17%) and Recoleta (16%).
| 26
|
[
"Santiago",
"named after",
"St. James the Elder, Apostle"
] |
Nomenclature
In Chile, there are several entities that share the name "Santiago" and can often lead to confusion. The commune of Santiago, also referred to as "Downtown/Central Santiago" (Santiago Centro), is an administrative division that encompasses the area that was occupied by the city during colonial times. It is governed by the Municipality of Santiago and is led by a mayor. This commune is part of the Santiago Province, which is headed by a provincial delegate appointed by the President of the Republic, and is a part of the Santiago Metropolitan Region run by a governor elected by popular vote.
When the term "Santiago" is used without additional clarification, it typically refers to Greater Santiago (Gran Santiago), the metropolitan area defined by its continuous urban development. This area encompasses the Commune of Santiago and over 40 other communes, making up the majority of the Santiago Province and parts of neighboring provinces (see Political divisions). The definition of the metropolitan area has changed over time as a result of the city's expansion and the incorporation of smaller cities and rural areas.
The name "Santiago" was chosen by the Spanish conqueror Pedro de Valdivia, when he founded the city in 1541, as a tribute to James the Great, the patron saint of Spain. The name of this saint is rendered differently in Spanish, such as Diego, Jaime, Jacobo or Santiago, with the latter being derived from the Galician evolution of Vulgar Latin Sanctu Iacobu. There was no indigenous name for the area where Santiago is located, but the Mapuche language uses the adapted name "Santiaw."
When Valdivia founded the city, he named it "Santiago del Nuevo Extremo" or "Nueva Extremadura," in reference to the territory he intended to colonize and his home region of Extremadura. The name was eventually replaced, and to differentiate it from other cities called Santiago, the South American city is sometimes referred to as "Santiago de Chile" in Spanish and other languages.
The residents of the city and region are referred to as santiaguinos (male) and santiaguinas (female).
| 41
|
[
"Santiago",
"founded by",
"Pedro de Valdivia"
] |
Santiago (, US also ; Spanish: [sanˈtjaɣo]), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile and one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is located in the country's central valley and is the center of the Santiago Metropolitan Region, which has a population of 7 million, representing 40% of Chile's total population. Most of the city is situated between 500–650 m (1,640–2,133 ft) above sea level.
Founded in 1541 by the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Valdivia, Santiago has served as the capital city of Chile since colonial times. The city has a downtown core of 19th-century neoclassical architecture and winding side-streets featuring a mix of art deco, neo-gothic, and other styles. Santiago's cityscape is defined by several stand-alone hills and the fast-flowing Mapocho River, which is lined by parks such as Parque Forestal and Balmaceda Park. The Andes Mountains can be seen from most parts of the city and contribute to a smog problem, particularly during winter, due to the lack of rain. The outskirts of the city are surrounded by vineyards, and Santiago is within an hour's drive of both the mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
Santiago is the political and financial center of Chile and is home to the regional headquarters of many multinational corporations. The Chilean executive and judiciary branches are based in Santiago, while the Congress mostly meets in nearby Valparaíso.Nomenclature
In Chile, there are several entities that share the name "Santiago" and can often lead to confusion. The commune of Santiago, also referred to as "Downtown/Central Santiago" (Santiago Centro), is an administrative division that encompasses the area that was occupied by the city during colonial times. It is governed by the Municipality of Santiago and is led by a mayor. This commune is part of the Santiago Province, which is headed by a provincial delegate appointed by the President of the Republic, and is a part of the Santiago Metropolitan Region run by a governor elected by popular vote.
When the term "Santiago" is used without additional clarification, it typically refers to Greater Santiago (Gran Santiago), the metropolitan area defined by its continuous urban development. This area encompasses the Commune of Santiago and over 40 other communes, making up the majority of the Santiago Province and parts of neighboring provinces (see Political divisions). The definition of the metropolitan area has changed over time as a result of the city's expansion and the incorporation of smaller cities and rural areas.
The name "Santiago" was chosen by the Spanish conqueror Pedro de Valdivia, when he founded the city in 1541, as a tribute to James the Great, the patron saint of Spain. The name of this saint is rendered differently in Spanish, such as Diego, Jaime, Jacobo or Santiago, with the latter being derived from the Galician evolution of Vulgar Latin Sanctu Iacobu. There was no indigenous name for the area where Santiago is located, but the Mapuche language uses the adapted name "Santiaw."
When Valdivia founded the city, he named it "Santiago del Nuevo Extremo" or "Nueva Extremadura," in reference to the territory he intended to colonize and his home region of Extremadura. The name was eventually replaced, and to differentiate it from other cities called Santiago, the South American city is sometimes referred to as "Santiago de Chile" in Spanish and other languages.
The residents of the city and region are referred to as santiaguinos (male) and santiaguinas (female).
| 43
|
[
"Santiago",
"instance of",
"city in Chile"
] |
Santiago (, US also ; Spanish: [sanˈtjaɣo]), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile and one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is located in the country's central valley and is the center of the Santiago Metropolitan Region, which has a population of 7 million, representing 40% of Chile's total population. Most of the city is situated between 500–650 m (1,640–2,133 ft) above sea level.
Founded in 1541 by the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Valdivia, Santiago has served as the capital city of Chile since colonial times. The city has a downtown core of 19th-century neoclassical architecture and winding side-streets featuring a mix of art deco, neo-gothic, and other styles. Santiago's cityscape is defined by several stand-alone hills and the fast-flowing Mapocho River, which is lined by parks such as Parque Forestal and Balmaceda Park. The Andes Mountains can be seen from most parts of the city and contribute to a smog problem, particularly during winter, due to the lack of rain. The outskirts of the city are surrounded by vineyards, and Santiago is within an hour's drive of both the mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
Santiago is the political and financial center of Chile and is home to the regional headquarters of many multinational corporations. The Chilean executive and judiciary branches are based in Santiago, while the Congress mostly meets in nearby Valparaíso.
| 50
|
[
"Santiago",
"instance of",
"largest city"
] |
Santiago (, US also ; Spanish: [sanˈtjaɣo]), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile and one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is located in the country's central valley and is the center of the Santiago Metropolitan Region, which has a population of 7 million, representing 40% of Chile's total population. Most of the city is situated between 500–650 m (1,640–2,133 ft) above sea level.
Founded in 1541 by the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Valdivia, Santiago has served as the capital city of Chile since colonial times. The city has a downtown core of 19th-century neoclassical architecture and winding side-streets featuring a mix of art deco, neo-gothic, and other styles. Santiago's cityscape is defined by several stand-alone hills and the fast-flowing Mapocho River, which is lined by parks such as Parque Forestal and Balmaceda Park. The Andes Mountains can be seen from most parts of the city and contribute to a smog problem, particularly during winter, due to the lack of rain. The outskirts of the city are surrounded by vineyards, and Santiago is within an hour's drive of both the mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
Santiago is the political and financial center of Chile and is home to the regional headquarters of many multinational corporations. The Chilean executive and judiciary branches are based in Santiago, while the Congress mostly meets in nearby Valparaíso.
| 51
|
[
"Singapore",
"continent",
"Asia"
] |
Singapore ( (listen)), officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It is located about one degree of latitude (137 kilometres or 85 miles) north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bordering the Strait of Malacca to the west, the Singapore Strait to the south, the South China Sea to the east, and the Straits of Johor to the north. The country's territory is composed of one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet; the combined area of these has increased by 25% since the country's independence as a result of extensive land reclamation projects. It has the third highest population density in the world, although there are numerous green and recreational spaces as a result of urban planning. With a multicultural population and in recognition of the cultural identities of the major ethnic groups within the nation, Singapore has four official languages – English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil. English is the lingua franca, with its exclusive use in numerous public services. Multi-racialism is enshrined in the constitution and continues to shape national policies in education, housing, and politics.
Singapore's history dates back at least a millennium, having been a maritime emporium known as Temasek and subsequently as a major constituent part of several successive thalassocratic empires. Its contemporary era began in 1819 when Stamford Raffles established Singapore as an entrepôt trading post of the British Empire. In 1867, the colonies in Southeast Asia were reorganised and Singapore came under the direct control of Britain as part of the Straits Settlements. During World War II, Singapore was occupied by Japan in 1942, and returned to British control as a separate Crown colony following Japan's surrender in 1945. Singapore gained self-governance in 1959 and in 1963 became part of the new federation of Malaysia, alongside Malaya, North Borneo, and Sarawak. Ideological differences, most notably the perceived encroachment of the egalitarian "Malaysian Malaysia" political ideology led by Lee Kuan Yew into the other constituent entities of Malaysia—at the perceived expense of the bumiputera and the policies of Ketuanan Melayu—eventually led to Singapore's expulsion from the federation two years later; Singapore became an independent sovereign country in 1965.
After early years of turbulence and despite lacking natural resources and a hinterland, the nation rapidly developed to become one of the Four Asian Tigers. With its growth based on international trade and economic globalisation, it integrated itself with the world economy through free trade with minimal-to-no trade barriers or tariffs, export-oriented industrialisation, and the large accumulation of received foreign direct investments, foreign-exchange reserves, and assets held by sovereign wealth funds. A highly developed country, it has the second-highest GDP per capita (PPP) in the world. Identified as a tax haven, Singapore is the only country in Asia with a AAA sovereign credit rating from all major rating agencies. It is a major aviation, financial, and maritime shipping hub, and has consistently been ranked as one of the most expensive cities to live in for expatriates and foreign workers. Singapore ranks highly in key social indicators: education, healthcare, quality of life, personal safety, infrastructure, and housing, with a home-ownership rate of 88 percent. Singaporeans enjoy one of the longest life expectancies, fastest Internet connection speeds, lowest infant mortality rates, and lowest levels of corruption in the world.
Singapore is a unitary parliamentary republic with a Westminster system of unicameral parliamentary government, and its legal system is based on common law. While the country is a multi-party democracy with free elections, the government under the People's Action Party (PAP) wields significant control and dominance over politics and society. The PAP has governed the country continuously since full internal self-government was achieved in 1959, with 83 out of 104 seats in Parliament as of the 2020 general election with 61.23% of the popular vote. One of the five founding members of ASEAN, Singapore is also the headquarters of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Secretariat, the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC) Secretariat, and is the host city of many international conferences and events. Singapore is also a member of the United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization (WTO), East Asia Summit (EAS), Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), and the Commonwealth of Nations.Republic of Singapore
After being expelled from Malaysia, Singapore became independent as the Republic of Singapore on 9 August 1965, with Lee Kuan Yew and Yusof bin Ishak as the first prime minister and president respectively. In 1967, the country co-founded the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Race riots broke out once more in 1969. Lee Kuan Yew's emphasis on rapid economic growth, support for business entrepreneurship, and limitations on internal democracy shaped Singapore's policies for the next half-century. Economic growth continued throughout the 1980s, with the unemployment rate falling to 3% and real GDP growth averaging at about 8% up until 1999. During the 1980s, Singapore began to shift towards high-tech industries, such as the wafer fabrication sector, in order to remain competitive as neighbouring countries began manufacturing with cheaper labour. Singapore Changi Airport was opened in 1981 and Singapore Airlines was formed. The Port of Singapore became one of the world's busiest ports and the service and tourism industries also grew immensely during this period.The PAP, which has remained in power since independence, is believed to rule in an authoritarian manner by some activists and opposition politicians who see the strict regulation of political and media activities by the government as an infringement on political rights. In response, Singapore has seen several significant political changes, such as the introduction of the Non-Constituency members of parliament in 1984 to allow up to three losing candidates from opposition parties to be appointed as MPs. Group Representation Constituencies (GRCs) were introduced in 1988 to create multi-seat electoral divisions, intended to ensure minority representation in parliament. Nominated members of parliament were introduced in 1990 to allow non-elected non-partisan MPs. The Constitution was amended in 1991 to provide for an Elected President who has veto power in the use of Past Reserves and appointments to certain public offices.In 1990, Goh Chok Tong succeeded Lee and became Singapore's second prime minister. During Goh's tenure, the country went through the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2003 SARS outbreak. In 2004, Lee Hsien Loong, the eldest son of Lee Kuan Yew, became the country's third prime minister. Lee Hsien Loong's tenure included the 2008 global financial crisis, the resolution of a dispute over land ownership at Tanjong Pagar railway station between Singapore and Malaysia, and the introduction of the 2 integrated resorts (IRs), located at the Marina Bay Sands and Resorts World Sentosa. The People's Action Party (PAP) suffered its worst ever electoral results in 2011, winning just 60% of votes, amidst debate over issues including the influx of foreign workers and the high cost of living. On 23 March 2015, Lee Kuan Yew died, and a one-week period of public mourning was observed nationwide. Subsequently, the PAP regained its dominance in Parliament through the September general election, receiving 69.9% of the popular vote, although this remained lower than the 2001 tally of 75.3% and the 1968 tally of 86.7%. The 2020 election held in July saw the PAP drop to 61% of the vote, while the opposition Workers' Party took 10 of the 93 seats, the highest number ever won by an opposition party.
| 8
|
[
"Singapore",
"language used",
"English"
] |
Languages
Singapore has four official languages: English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil.English is the lingua franca and the main language used in business, government, law and education. The Constitution of Singapore and all government legislation is written in English, and interpreters are required if a language other than English is used in the Singaporean courts. Statutory corporations conduct their businesses in English, while any official documents written in a non-English official language such as Malay, Mandarin, or Tamil are typically translated into English to be accepted for use.Malay was designated as a national language by the Singaporean government after independence from Britain in the 1960s to avoid friction with Singapore's Malay-speaking neighbours of Malaysia and Indonesia. It has a symbolic, rather than functional purpose. It is used in the national anthem Majulah Singapura, in citations of Singaporean orders and decorations and in military commands. Singaporean Malay is officially written in the Latin-based Rumi script, though some Singaporean Malays also learn the Arabic-based Jawi script. Jawi is considered an ethnic script for use on Singaporean identity cards.Singaporeans are mostly bilingual, typically with English as their common language and their mother-tongue as a second language taught in schools, in order to preserve each individual's ethnic identity and values. According to the 2020 census, English was the language most spoken at home, used by 48.3% of the population; Mandarin was next, spoken at home by 29.9%. Nearly half a million speak other ancestral Southern varieties of Chinese, mainly Hokkien, Teochew, and Cantonese, as their home language, although the use of these is declining in favour of Mandarin or just English. Singapore Chinese characters are written using simplified Chinese characters.Singaporean English is largely based on British English, owing to the country's status as a former crown colony. However, forms of English spoken in Singapore range from Standard Singapore English to a colloquial form known as Singlish, which is discouraged by the government as it claims it to be a substandard English creole that handicaps Singaporeans, presenting an obstacle to learning standard English and rendering the speaker incomprehensible to everyone except to another Singlish speaker. Standard Singapore English is fully understandable to all Standard English speakers, while most English-speaking people do not understand Singlish. An interview with a Singlish speaker shown on English-language television therefore requires translated Standard English subtitles. Nevertheless, Singaporeans have a strong sense of identity and connection to Singlish, whereby the existence of Singlish is recognised as a distinctive cultural marker for many Singaporeans. As such, in recent times, the government has tolerated the diglossia of both Singlish and Standard English (only for those who are fluent in both), whilst continuously reinforcing the importance of Standard English amongst those who speak only Singlish (which is not mutually intelligible with the Standard English of other English-speaking countries).Education
Education for primary, secondary, and tertiary levels is mostly supported by the state. All institutions, public and private, must be registered with the Ministry of Education (MOE). English is the language of instruction in all public schools, and all subjects are taught and examined in English except for the "mother tongue" language paper. While the term "mother tongue" in general refers to the first language internationally, in Singapore's education system, it is used to refer to the second language, as English is the first language. Students who have been abroad for a while, or who struggle with their "Mother Tongue" language, are allowed to take a simpler syllabus or drop the subject.Education takes place in three stages: primary, secondary, and pre-university education, with the primary education being compulsory. Students begin with six years of primary school, which is made up of a four-year foundation course and a two-year orientation stage. The curriculum is focused on the development of English, the mother tongue, mathematics, and science. Secondary school lasts from four to five years, and is divided between Express, Normal (Academic), and Normal (Technical) streams in each school, depending on a student's ability level. The basic coursework breakdown is the same as in the primary level, although classes are much more specialised. Pre-university education takes place at either the 21 Junior Colleges or the Millennia Institute, over a period of two and three years respectively. As alternatives to pre-university education, however, courses are offered in other post-secondary education institutions, including the 5 polytechnics and 3 ITE colleges. Singapore has six public universities, of which the National University of Singapore and Nanyang Technological University are among the top 20 universities in the world.National examinations are standardised across all schools, with a test taken after each stage. After the first six years of education, students take the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE), which determines their placement at secondary school. At the end of the secondary stage, O-Level or N-Level exams are taken; at the end of the following pre-university stage, the GCE A-Level exams are taken. Some schools have a degree of freedom in their curriculum and are known as autonomous schools, for secondary education level and above.Singapore is also an education hub, with more than 80,000 international students in 2006. 5,000 Malaysian students cross the Johor–Singapore Causeway daily to attend schools in Singapore. In 2009, 20% of all students in Singaporean universities were international students—the maximum cap allowed, a majority from ASEAN, China and India.Singapore students have excelled in many of the world education benchmarks in maths, science and reading. In 2015, both its primary and secondary students rank first in OECD's global school performance rankings across 76 countries—described as the most comprehensive map of education standards. In 2016, Singapore students topped both the Program International Student Assessment (PISA) and the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). In the 2016 EF English Proficiency Index taken in 72 countries, Singapore place 6th and has been the only Asian country in the top ten.
| 9
|
[
"Singapore",
"shares border with",
"Malaysia"
] |
Singapore ( (listen)), officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It is located about one degree of latitude (137 kilometres or 85 miles) north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bordering the Strait of Malacca to the west, the Singapore Strait to the south, the South China Sea to the east, and the Straits of Johor to the north. The country's territory is composed of one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet; the combined area of these has increased by 25% since the country's independence as a result of extensive land reclamation projects. It has the third highest population density in the world, although there are numerous green and recreational spaces as a result of urban planning. With a multicultural population and in recognition of the cultural identities of the major ethnic groups within the nation, Singapore has four official languages – English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil. English is the lingua franca, with its exclusive use in numerous public services. Multi-racialism is enshrined in the constitution and continues to shape national policies in education, housing, and politics.
Singapore's history dates back at least a millennium, having been a maritime emporium known as Temasek and subsequently as a major constituent part of several successive thalassocratic empires. Its contemporary era began in 1819 when Stamford Raffles established Singapore as an entrepôt trading post of the British Empire. In 1867, the colonies in Southeast Asia were reorganised and Singapore came under the direct control of Britain as part of the Straits Settlements. During World War II, Singapore was occupied by Japan in 1942, and returned to British control as a separate Crown colony following Japan's surrender in 1945. Singapore gained self-governance in 1959 and in 1963 became part of the new federation of Malaysia, alongside Malaya, North Borneo, and Sarawak. Ideological differences, most notably the perceived encroachment of the egalitarian "Malaysian Malaysia" political ideology led by Lee Kuan Yew into the other constituent entities of Malaysia—at the perceived expense of the bumiputera and the policies of Ketuanan Melayu—eventually led to Singapore's expulsion from the federation two years later; Singapore became an independent sovereign country in 1965.
After early years of turbulence and despite lacking natural resources and a hinterland, the nation rapidly developed to become one of the Four Asian Tigers. With its growth based on international trade and economic globalisation, it integrated itself with the world economy through free trade with minimal-to-no trade barriers or tariffs, export-oriented industrialisation, and the large accumulation of received foreign direct investments, foreign-exchange reserves, and assets held by sovereign wealth funds. A highly developed country, it has the second-highest GDP per capita (PPP) in the world. Identified as a tax haven, Singapore is the only country in Asia with a AAA sovereign credit rating from all major rating agencies. It is a major aviation, financial, and maritime shipping hub, and has consistently been ranked as one of the most expensive cities to live in for expatriates and foreign workers. Singapore ranks highly in key social indicators: education, healthcare, quality of life, personal safety, infrastructure, and housing, with a home-ownership rate of 88 percent. Singaporeans enjoy one of the longest life expectancies, fastest Internet connection speeds, lowest infant mortality rates, and lowest levels of corruption in the world.
Singapore is a unitary parliamentary republic with a Westminster system of unicameral parliamentary government, and its legal system is based on common law. While the country is a multi-party democracy with free elections, the government under the People's Action Party (PAP) wields significant control and dominance over politics and society. The PAP has governed the country continuously since full internal self-government was achieved in 1959, with 83 out of 104 seats in Parliament as of the 2020 general election with 61.23% of the popular vote. One of the five founding members of ASEAN, Singapore is also the headquarters of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Secretariat, the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC) Secretariat, and is the host city of many international conferences and events. Singapore is also a member of the United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization (WTO), East Asia Summit (EAS), Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), and the Commonwealth of Nations.Geography
Singapore consists of 63 islands, including the main island, Pulau Ujong. There are two man-made connections to Johor, Malaysia: the Johor–Singapore Causeway in the north and the Tuas Second Link in the west. Jurong Island, Pulau Tekong, Pulau Ubin and Sentosa are the largest of Singapore's smaller islands. The highest natural point is Bukit Timah Hill at 163.63 m (537 ft). Under British rule, Christmas Island and the Cocos Islands were part of Singapore, and both were transferred to Australia in 1957. Pedra Branca is the nation's easternmost point.Land reclamation projects have increased Singapore's land area from 580 km2 (220 sq mi) in the 1960s to 710 km2 (270 sq mi) by 2015, an increase of some 22% (130 km2). The country is projected to reclaim another 56 km2 (20 sq mi). Some projects involve merging smaller islands through land reclamation to form larger, more functional and habitable islands, as has been done with Jurong Island. The type of sand used in reclamation is found in rivers and beaches, rather than deserts, and is in great demand worldwide. In 2010 Singapore imported almost 15 million tons of sand for its projects, the demand being such that Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam have all restricted or barred the export of sand to Singapore in recent years. As a result, in 2016 Singapore switched to using polders for reclamation, in which an area is enclosed and then pumped dry.Transport
Land
Singapore has a road system covering 3,356 kilometres (2,085 mi), which includes 161 kilometres (100 mi) of expressways. The Singapore Area Licensing Scheme, implemented in 1975, became the world's first congestion pricing scheme, and included other complementary measures such as stringent car ownership quotas and improvements in mass transit. Upgraded in 1998 and renamed Electronic Road Pricing (ERP), the system introduced electronic toll collection, electronic detection, and video surveillance technology. A satellite-based system was due to replace the physical gantries by 2020, but has been delayed until 2026 due to global shortages in the supply of semiconductors. As Singapore is a small island with a high population density, the number of private cars on the road is restricted with a pre-set car population quota, to curb pollution and congestion. Car buyers must pay for Additional Registration Fees (ARF) duties of either 100%, 140%, 180% or 220% of the vehicle's Open Market Value (OMV), and bid for a Singaporean Certificate of Entitlement (COE) (that varies twice a month in supply based on the number of car registrations and de-registrations), which allows the car to be driven on the road for maximum period of 10 years. Car prices are generally significantly higher in Singapore than in other English-speaking countries. As with most Commonwealth countries, vehicles on the road and people walking on the streets keep to the left (left-hand traffic).Singapore's public transport network is shaped up with trains (consisting of the MRT and LRT systems), buses and taxis. There are currently six MRT lines (North South MRT line, East West MRT line, North East MRT line, Circle MRT line, Downtown MRT line and Thomson-East Coast MRT line), three LRT lines serving the neighbourhoods of Bukit Panjang and Choa Chu Kang (Bukit Panjang LRT line), Sengkang (Sengkang LRT line) and Punggol (Punggol LRT line), and more than 300 bus routes in operation. Taxis are a popular form of transport as the fares are relatively affordable when compared to many other developed countries, whilst cars in Singapore are the most expensive to own worldwide.The Johor–Singapore Causeway (connecting Singapore with Johor Bahru, Malaysia) is the busiest international land border crossing in the world, whereby approximately 350,000 travellers cross the border checkpoints of both Woodlands Checkpoint and Sultan Iskandar Building daily (with an annual total of 128 million travellers).The Land Transport Authority (LTA) is responsible for all land transport-related infrastructure and operations in Singapore.
| 10
|
[
"Singapore",
"capital of",
"Singapore"
] |
In 1824, a further treaty with the Sultan led to the entire island becoming a British possession. In 1826, Singapore became part of the Straits Settlements, then under the jurisdiction of British India. Singapore became the regional capital in 1836. Prior to Raffles' arrival, there were only about a thousand people living on the island, mostly indigenous Malays along with a handful of Chinese. By 1860 the population had swelled to over 80,000, more than half being Chinese. Many of these early immigrants came to work on the pepper and gambier plantations. In 1867, the Straits Settlements were separated from British India, coming under the direct control of Britain. Later, in the 1890s, when the rubber industry became established in Malaya and Singapore, the island became a global centre for rubber sorting and export.Singapore was not greatly affected by the First World War (1914–18), as the conflict did not spread to Southeast Asia. The only significant event during the war was the 1915 Singapore Mutiny by Muslim sepoys from British India, who were garrisoned in Singapore. After hearing rumours that they were to be sent to fight the Ottoman Empire, a Muslim state, the soldiers rebelled, killing their officers and several British civilians before the mutiny was suppressed by non-Muslim troops arriving from Johore and Burma.After World War I, the British built the large Singapore Naval Base as part of the defensive Singapore strategy. Originally announced in 1921, the construction of the base proceeded at a slow pace until the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. Costing $60 million and not fully completed in 1938, it was nonetheless the largest dry dock in the world, the third-largest floating dock, and had enough fuel tanks to support the entire British navy for six months. The base was defended by heavy 15-inch (380 mm) naval guns stationed at Fort Siloso, Fort Canning and Labrador, as well as a Royal Air Force airfield at Tengah Air Base. Winston Churchill touted it as the "Gibraltar of the East", and military discussions often referred to the base as simply "East of Suez". However, the British Home Fleet was stationed in Europe, and the British could not afford to build a second fleet to protect their interests in Asia. The plan was for the Home Fleet to sail quickly to Singapore in the event of an emergency. As a consequence, after World War II broke out in 1939, the fleet was fully occupied with defending Britain, leaving Singapore vulnerable to Japanese invasion.
| 13
|
[
"Singapore",
"capital",
"Singapore"
] |
In 1824, a further treaty with the Sultan led to the entire island becoming a British possession. In 1826, Singapore became part of the Straits Settlements, then under the jurisdiction of British India. Singapore became the regional capital in 1836. Prior to Raffles' arrival, there were only about a thousand people living on the island, mostly indigenous Malays along with a handful of Chinese. By 1860 the population had swelled to over 80,000, more than half being Chinese. Many of these early immigrants came to work on the pepper and gambier plantations. In 1867, the Straits Settlements were separated from British India, coming under the direct control of Britain. Later, in the 1890s, when the rubber industry became established in Malaya and Singapore, the island became a global centre for rubber sorting and export.Singapore was not greatly affected by the First World War (1914–18), as the conflict did not spread to Southeast Asia. The only significant event during the war was the 1915 Singapore Mutiny by Muslim sepoys from British India, who were garrisoned in Singapore. After hearing rumours that they were to be sent to fight the Ottoman Empire, a Muslim state, the soldiers rebelled, killing their officers and several British civilians before the mutiny was suppressed by non-Muslim troops arriving from Johore and Burma.After World War I, the British built the large Singapore Naval Base as part of the defensive Singapore strategy. Originally announced in 1921, the construction of the base proceeded at a slow pace until the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. Costing $60 million and not fully completed in 1938, it was nonetheless the largest dry dock in the world, the third-largest floating dock, and had enough fuel tanks to support the entire British navy for six months. The base was defended by heavy 15-inch (380 mm) naval guns stationed at Fort Siloso, Fort Canning and Labrador, as well as a Royal Air Force airfield at Tengah Air Base. Winston Churchill touted it as the "Gibraltar of the East", and military discussions often referred to the base as simply "East of Suez". However, the British Home Fleet was stationed in Europe, and the British could not afford to build a second fleet to protect their interests in Asia. The plan was for the Home Fleet to sail quickly to Singapore in the event of an emergency. As a consequence, after World War II broke out in 1939, the fleet was fully occupied with defending Britain, leaving Singapore vulnerable to Japanese invasion.
| 20
|
[
"Singapore",
"head of government",
"Lee Hsien Loong"
] |
Human rights
Capital punishment is a legal and enforced penalty in Singapore. The country is one of four in the developed world to retain the death penalty, along with the United States, Japan and Taiwan. Its use against drug trafficking has been a source of contention with various non-governmental organisations, regarded by some as a victimless crime. The government has responded that it has "no doubts" that it is the right policy and that there is "clear evidence" of serious deterrence, and that the law should be looked at upon in the context of "saving lives". Amnesty International has said that some legal provisions of the Singapore system for the death penalty conflict with "the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty". The government has disputed Amnesty's claims, stating that their "position on abolition of the death penalty is by no means uncontested internationally" and that the report contains "grave errors of facts and misrepresentations".From 1938 to 2022, sexual relations between men were technically illegal under Section 377A of the Penal Code, first introduced during British colonial rule. During the last few decades, the law was unenforced and pressure to repeal this law increased as homosexuality became more understood. Meanwhile, sexual relations between women had always been legal. In 2022, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong announced that Singapore would scrap 377A for good, effectively decriminalizing homosexual behavior. Nevertheless, he added that the repeal will not affect the recognition of "traditional familial and societal norms", including how marriage is defined—putting the legalisation of same-sex marriage on the back-burner at least for now, although the possibility of civil unions was not officially ruled out. He added this was a compromise between the conservative (and often religious) and progressive elements of Singaporean society to prevent fracturing it.Pink Dot SG, an event held in support of the LGBT community, has drawn thousands of people annually since 2009 with increasing attendance. According to a survey conducted by the Institute of Policy Studies in 2019, Singaporean society has become more liberal on LGBT rights. In the survey, more than 20% of people said that sexual relations between adults of the same sex were not wrong at all or not wrong most of the time, up from 10% in 2013. The survey found that 27% felt the same way about same-sex marriage (an increase from 15% in 2013) and 30% did so about same-sex couples adopting a child (an increase from 24% in 2013). In 2021, 6 Singaporeans protested for improved trans protections in the educational system outside the Ministry of Education headquarters at Buona Vista.Pimps often traffic women from neighbouring countries such as China, Malaysia and Vietnam at their brothels as well as rented apartments and hostels for higher profit margins when they get a cut from customers. In response, amendments were made to the Women's Charter by the government in 2019 to legislate more serious punishments for traffickers, including imprisonment of up to seven years and a fine of S$100,000.Abortion has been legal in Singapore since 1969, and it is available on request.
| 37
|
[
"Singapore",
"instance of",
"island country"
] |
Singapore ( (listen)), officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It is located about one degree of latitude (137 kilometres or 85 miles) north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bordering the Strait of Malacca to the west, the Singapore Strait to the south, the South China Sea to the east, and the Straits of Johor to the north. The country's territory is composed of one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet; the combined area of these has increased by 25% since the country's independence as a result of extensive land reclamation projects. It has the third highest population density in the world, although there are numerous green and recreational spaces as a result of urban planning. With a multicultural population and in recognition of the cultural identities of the major ethnic groups within the nation, Singapore has four official languages – English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil. English is the lingua franca, with its exclusive use in numerous public services. Multi-racialism is enshrined in the constitution and continues to shape national policies in education, housing, and politics.
Singapore's history dates back at least a millennium, having been a maritime emporium known as Temasek and subsequently as a major constituent part of several successive thalassocratic empires. Its contemporary era began in 1819 when Stamford Raffles established Singapore as an entrepôt trading post of the British Empire. In 1867, the colonies in Southeast Asia were reorganised and Singapore came under the direct control of Britain as part of the Straits Settlements. During World War II, Singapore was occupied by Japan in 1942, and returned to British control as a separate Crown colony following Japan's surrender in 1945. Singapore gained self-governance in 1959 and in 1963 became part of the new federation of Malaysia, alongside Malaya, North Borneo, and Sarawak. Ideological differences, most notably the perceived encroachment of the egalitarian "Malaysian Malaysia" political ideology led by Lee Kuan Yew into the other constituent entities of Malaysia—at the perceived expense of the bumiputera and the policies of Ketuanan Melayu—eventually led to Singapore's expulsion from the federation two years later; Singapore became an independent sovereign country in 1965.
After early years of turbulence and despite lacking natural resources and a hinterland, the nation rapidly developed to become one of the Four Asian Tigers. With its growth based on international trade and economic globalisation, it integrated itself with the world economy through free trade with minimal-to-no trade barriers or tariffs, export-oriented industrialisation, and the large accumulation of received foreign direct investments, foreign-exchange reserves, and assets held by sovereign wealth funds. A highly developed country, it has the second-highest GDP per capita (PPP) in the world. Identified as a tax haven, Singapore is the only country in Asia with a AAA sovereign credit rating from all major rating agencies. It is a major aviation, financial, and maritime shipping hub, and has consistently been ranked as one of the most expensive cities to live in for expatriates and foreign workers. Singapore ranks highly in key social indicators: education, healthcare, quality of life, personal safety, infrastructure, and housing, with a home-ownership rate of 88 percent. Singaporeans enjoy one of the longest life expectancies, fastest Internet connection speeds, lowest infant mortality rates, and lowest levels of corruption in the world.
Singapore is a unitary parliamentary republic with a Westminster system of unicameral parliamentary government, and its legal system is based on common law. While the country is a multi-party democracy with free elections, the government under the People's Action Party (PAP) wields significant control and dominance over politics and society. The PAP has governed the country continuously since full internal self-government was achieved in 1959, with 83 out of 104 seats in Parliament as of the 2020 general election with 61.23% of the popular vote. One of the five founding members of ASEAN, Singapore is also the headquarters of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Secretariat, the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC) Secretariat, and is the host city of many international conferences and events. Singapore is also a member of the United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization (WTO), East Asia Summit (EAS), Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), and the Commonwealth of Nations.
| 57
|
[
"Singapore",
"instance of",
"sovereign state"
] |
Singapore ( (listen)), officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It is located about one degree of latitude (137 kilometres or 85 miles) north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bordering the Strait of Malacca to the west, the Singapore Strait to the south, the South China Sea to the east, and the Straits of Johor to the north. The country's territory is composed of one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet; the combined area of these has increased by 25% since the country's independence as a result of extensive land reclamation projects. It has the third highest population density in the world, although there are numerous green and recreational spaces as a result of urban planning. With a multicultural population and in recognition of the cultural identities of the major ethnic groups within the nation, Singapore has four official languages – English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil. English is the lingua franca, with its exclusive use in numerous public services. Multi-racialism is enshrined in the constitution and continues to shape national policies in education, housing, and politics.
Singapore's history dates back at least a millennium, having been a maritime emporium known as Temasek and subsequently as a major constituent part of several successive thalassocratic empires. Its contemporary era began in 1819 when Stamford Raffles established Singapore as an entrepôt trading post of the British Empire. In 1867, the colonies in Southeast Asia were reorganised and Singapore came under the direct control of Britain as part of the Straits Settlements. During World War II, Singapore was occupied by Japan in 1942, and returned to British control as a separate Crown colony following Japan's surrender in 1945. Singapore gained self-governance in 1959 and in 1963 became part of the new federation of Malaysia, alongside Malaya, North Borneo, and Sarawak. Ideological differences, most notably the perceived encroachment of the egalitarian "Malaysian Malaysia" political ideology led by Lee Kuan Yew into the other constituent entities of Malaysia—at the perceived expense of the bumiputera and the policies of Ketuanan Melayu—eventually led to Singapore's expulsion from the federation two years later; Singapore became an independent sovereign country in 1965.
After early years of turbulence and despite lacking natural resources and a hinterland, the nation rapidly developed to become one of the Four Asian Tigers. With its growth based on international trade and economic globalisation, it integrated itself with the world economy through free trade with minimal-to-no trade barriers or tariffs, export-oriented industrialisation, and the large accumulation of received foreign direct investments, foreign-exchange reserves, and assets held by sovereign wealth funds. A highly developed country, it has the second-highest GDP per capita (PPP) in the world. Identified as a tax haven, Singapore is the only country in Asia with a AAA sovereign credit rating from all major rating agencies. It is a major aviation, financial, and maritime shipping hub, and has consistently been ranked as one of the most expensive cities to live in for expatriates and foreign workers. Singapore ranks highly in key social indicators: education, healthcare, quality of life, personal safety, infrastructure, and housing, with a home-ownership rate of 88 percent. Singaporeans enjoy one of the longest life expectancies, fastest Internet connection speeds, lowest infant mortality rates, and lowest levels of corruption in the world.
Singapore is a unitary parliamentary republic with a Westminster system of unicameral parliamentary government, and its legal system is based on common law. While the country is a multi-party democracy with free elections, the government under the People's Action Party (PAP) wields significant control and dominance over politics and society. The PAP has governed the country continuously since full internal self-government was achieved in 1959, with 83 out of 104 seats in Parliament as of the 2020 general election with 61.23% of the popular vote. One of the five founding members of ASEAN, Singapore is also the headquarters of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Secretariat, the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC) Secretariat, and is the host city of many international conferences and events. Singapore is also a member of the United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization (WTO), East Asia Summit (EAS), Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), and the Commonwealth of Nations.
| 78
|
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