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Stream capture-Effect on freshwater life-Examples include: Golden perch (Dawson–Fitzroy river system, central Queensland).
Eel-tailed catfish (several rivers, northern New South Wales). However, note recent genetic research which now indicates eel-tailed catfish colonised east coast drainages in multiple colonisation e... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Stream capture-Effect on freshwater life-Murray cod, whose eastern species/subspecies are: Eastern freshwater cod (Clarence River system, northern New South Wales. It was also found in the Richmond River system in New South Wales but that population is now extinct.) Brisbane River cod (Brisbane River system, southern Q... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Stream capture-Effect on freshwater life-Unfortunately, with the exception of eastern freshwater cod and Mary River cod, it has not been widely recognised that these coastal populations of Murray–Darling native fish are separate species and their classifications have not been updated to reflect this. Many are threatene... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Sotoportego-Sotoportego-Sotoportego (or sottoportego) is one of the characteristic elements of urban planning in the city of Venice.It is a passageway that goes underneath a building. The sotoportego height typically equals to that of the ground floor. Oftentimes, the sotoportego is the only access to a courtyard or a ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Sotoportego-Types-There are three basic types of sotoporteghi: Sotoportego that connects a street (calle) or a campo with another street. This type is by far the most widespread in the city since in many cases these are absolutely necessary urban elements to ensure an access otherwise prevented by construction.Sotoport... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Neptunium(IV) oxide-Neptunium(IV) oxide-Neptunium(IV) oxide, or neptunium dioxide, is a radioactive, olive green cubic crystalline solid with the formula NpO2. It emits both α- and γ-particles. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Neptunium(IV) oxide-Production-Industrially, neptunium dioxide is formed by precipitation of neptunium(IV) oxalate, followed by calcination to neptunium dioxide.Production starts with a nitric acid feed solution containing neptunium ions in various oxidation states. First, a hydrazine inhibitor is added to slow any oxi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Neptunium(IV) oxide-Purification-As a byproduct of nuclear waste, neptunium dioxide can be purified by fluorination, followed by reduction with excess calcium in the presence of iodine. However, the aforementioned synthesis yields a quite pure solid, with less than 0.3% mass fraction of impurities. Generally, further p... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Neptunium(IV) oxide-Other properties-Neptunium dioxide contributes to the α-decay of 241Am, reducing its usual half-life an untested but appreciable amount. The compound has a low specific heat capacity (900 K, compared with uranium dioxide's specific heat capacity of 1400 K), an abnormality theorized to stem from its ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Neptunium(IV) oxide-Uses-The neptunium dioxide complex is used as a means of stabilizing, and decreasing the "long term environmental burden" of neptunium as a nuclear fission byproduct. Actinoide-containing nuclear waste will commonly be treated so that various AnO2 (where An = U, Np, Pu, Am, etc.) complexes form. In ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Ivory-Ivory is a hard, white material from the tusks (traditionally from elephants) and teeth of animals, that consists mainly of dentine, one of the physical structures of teeth and tusks. The chemical structure of the teeth and tusks of mammals is the same, regardless of the species of origin, but ivory contain... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Ivory-Ivory has been valued since ancient times in art or manufacturing for making a range of items from ivory carvings to false teeth, piano keys, fans, and dominoes. Elephant ivory is the most important source, but ivory from mammoth, walrus, hippopotamus, sperm whale, orca, narwhal and warthog are used as well... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Uses-Both the Greek and Roman civilizations practiced ivory carving to make large quantities of high value works of art, precious religious objects, and decorative boxes for costly objects. Ivory was often used to form the white of the eyes of statues. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Uses-There is some evidence of either whale or walrus ivory used by the ancient Irish. Solinus, a Roman writer in the 3rd century claimed that the Celtic peoples in Ireland would decorate their sword-hilts with the 'teeth of beasts that swim in the sea'. Adomnan of Iona wrote a story about St Columba giving a swo... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Uses-Tooth and tusk ivory can be carved into a vast variety of shapes and objects. Examples of modern carved ivory objects are okimono, netsukes, jewelry, flatware handles, furniture inlays, and piano keys. Additionally, warthog tusks, and teeth from sperm whales, orcas and hippos can also be scrimshawed or super... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Uses-Ivory usage in the last thirty years has moved towards mass production of souvenirs and jewelry. In Japan, the increase in wealth sparked consumption of solid ivory hanko – name seals – which before this time had been made of wood. These hanko can be carved out in a matter of seconds using machinery and were... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Consumption before plastics-Before plastics were introduced, ivory had many ornamental and practical uses, mainly because of the white color it presents when processed. It was formerly used to make cutlery handles, billiard balls, piano keys, Scottish bagpipes, buttons and a wide range of ornamental items.
Synthe... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Consumption before plastics-Ivory can be taken from dead animals – however, most ivory came from elephants that were killed for their tusks. For example, in 1930 to acquire 40 tons of ivory required the killing of approximately 700 elephants. Other animals which are now endangered were also preyed upon, for examp... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Mechanical characteristics-While many uses of ivory are purely ornamental in nature, it often must be carved and manipulated into different shapes to achieve the desired form. Other applications, such as ivory piano keys, introduce repeated wear and surface handling of the material. It is therefore essential to c... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Mechanical characteristics-Elephant tusks are the animal’s incisors, so the composition of ivory is unsurprisingly similar to that of teeth in several other mammals. It is composed of dentine, a biomineral composite constructed from collagen fibers mineralized with hydroxyapatite. This composite lends ivory the i... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Availability-Owing to the rapid decline in the populations of the animals that produce it, the importation and sale of ivory in many countries is banned or severely restricted. In the ten years preceding a decision in 1989 by CITES to ban international trade in African elephant ivory, the population of African el... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Availability-A 2019 peer-reviewed study reported that the rate of African elephant poaching was in decline, with the annual poaching mortality rate peaking at over 10% in 2011 and falling to below 4% by 2017. The study found that the "annual poaching rates in 53 sites strongly correlate with proxies of ivory dema... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Availability-Taking tusks from an elephant which has died of natural causes.
Taking tusks from an elephant which has had to be put down for another reason, for example, severe arthritis, or if its last molar teeth are worn out and can no longer chew its food.
Among working elephants which use their tusks to carry... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Availability-Controversy and conservation issues The use and trade of elephant ivory have become controversial because they have contributed to seriously declining elephant populations in many countries. It is estimated that consumption in Great Britain alone in 1831 amounted to the deaths of nearly 4,000 elephan... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Availability-Alternatives Fossil mammoth tusks Trade in the ivory from the tusks of dead woolly mammoths frozen in the tundra has occurred for 300 years and continues to be legal. Mammoth ivory is used today to make handcrafted knives and similar implements. Mammoth ivory is rare and costly because mammoths have ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ivory-Availability-Fossil walrus ivory Fossil walrus ivory from animals that died before 1972 is legal to buy and sell or possess in the United States, unlike many other types of ivory.
Synthetic ivory Ivory can also be produced synthetically.
Nuts A species of hard nut is gaining popularity as a replacement for ivory,... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lamb–Oseen vortex-Lamb–Oseen vortex-In fluid dynamics, the Lamb–Oseen vortex models a line vortex that decays due to viscosity. This vortex is named after Horace Lamb and Carl Wilhelm Oseen. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lamb–Oseen vortex-Mathematical description-Oseen looked for a solution for the Navier–Stokes equations in cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) with velocity components (vr,vθ,vz) of the form 0. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lamb–Oseen vortex-Mathematical description-where Γ is the circulation of the vortex core. Navier-Stokes equations lead to ∂g∂t=ν(∂2g∂r2−1r∂g∂r) which, subject to the conditions that it is regular at r=0 and becomes unity as r→∞ , leads to g(r,t)=1−e−r2/4νt, where ν is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid. At t=0 ,... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lamb–Oseen vortex-Mathematical description-The only non-zero vorticity component is in the z direction, given by ωz(r,t)=Γ4πνte−r2/4νt.
The pressure field simply ensures the vortex rotates in the circumferential direction, providing the centripetal force ∂p∂r=ρv2r, where ρ is the constant density | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lamb–Oseen vortex-Generalized Oseen vortex-The generalized Oseen vortex may obtained by looking for solutions of the form vr=−γ(t)r,vθ=Γ2πrg(r,t),vz=2γ(t)z that leads to the equation ∂g∂t−γr∂g∂r=ν(∂2g∂r2−1r∂g∂r). | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lamb–Oseen vortex-Generalized Oseen vortex-Self-similar solution exists for the coordinate η=r/φ(t) , provided φφ′+γφ2=a , where a is a constant, in which case g=1−e−aη2/2ν . The solution for φ(t) may be written according to Rott (1958) as exp exp (2∫0uγ(s)ds)du, where c is an arbitrary constant. For γ=0 , the ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cragie tube-Cragie tube-The Cragie tube or Craigie tube is a method used in microbiology for determining bacterial motility. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cragie tube-Technique-A hollow tube with some culture medium is placed in semi-solid agar inside a bottle. A sample of the bacterium to be tested is inoculated into the medium in the hollow tube and the setup is incubated at 37 °C overnight. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cragie tube-Observation-On examining the areas where bacterial growth has occurred there are several observations to be made: the colonies of the non-motile bacteria remain confined within the tube at the site of inoculation the motile bacteria swim out from the bottom of the tube and colonize the surrounding medium as... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
PAX9-PAX9-Paired box gene 9, also known as PAX9, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PAX9 gene. It is also found in other mammals. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
PAX9-Expression and function-This gene is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. During mouse embryogenesis Pax9 expression starts from embryonic day 8.5 and becomes more evident by E9.5; at this stage its expression is restricted to the pharyngeal endoderm. Later on, Pax9 is also expressed i... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
PAX9-Clinical significance-This gene was found amplified in lung cancer. The amplification covers three tissue developmental genes - TTF1, NKX2-8, and PAX9. It appears that certain lung cancer cells select for DNA copy number amplification and increased RNA/protein expression of these three coamplified genes for functi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
PAX9-Clinical significance-Oligodontia Oligodontia is a genetic disorder caused by the mutation of the PAX9 gene. This disorder results in the congenital absence of 6 or more permanent teeth, with the exception of the third molar. Also known as selective tooth agenesis (STHAG), it is the most common disorder in regard ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
PAX9-Interactions-PAX9 has been shown to interact with JARID1B. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glottis-Glottis-The glottis is the opening between the vocal folds (the rima glottidis). The glottis is crucial in producing vowels and voiced consonants. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glottis-Etymology-From Ancient Greek γλωττίς (glōttís), derived from γλῶττα (glôtta), variant of γλῶσσα (glôssa, "tongue"). | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glottis-Function-Phonation As the vocal folds vibrate, the resulting vibration produces a "buzzing" quality to the speech, called voice or voicing or pronunciation. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glottis-Function-Sound production that involves moving the vocal folds close together is called glottal. English has a voiceless glottal transition spelled "h". This sound is produced by keeping the vocal folds spread somewhat, resulting in non-turbulent airflow through the glottis. In many accents of English the glott... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glottis-Function-Voiced consonants include /v/, /z/, /ʒ/, /d͡ʒ/, /ð/, /b/, /d/, /ɡ/, /w/.
Voiceless consonants include /f/, /s/, /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/, /θ/, /p/, /t/, /k/, /ʍ/, and /h/. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Monooxygenase DBH-like 1-Monooxygenase DBH-like 1-DBH-like monooxygenase protein 1, also known as monooxygenase X, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MOXD1 gene.DBH-like 1 maintains many of the structural features of dopamine beta-monooxygenase DBH. Since Peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PH... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Monooxygenase DBH-like 1-Deficiency-DBH deficiency has been treated effectively with L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (DOPS). | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Charles S. Peskin-Charles S. Peskin-Charles Samuel Peskin (born April 15, 1946) is an American mathematician known for his work in the mathematical modeling of blood flow in the heart. Such calculations are useful in the design of artificial heart valves. From this work has emerged an original computational method for ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Charles S. Peskin-Charles S. Peskin-In 1969 he married Lucille G. Bisesi. Their son Eric is the manager of High Performance Computing at New York University. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Charles S. Peskin-Awards and honors-George David Birkhoff Prize in Applied Mathematics from AMS–SIAM, 2003 Invited speaker of the International Congress of Mathematicians, 1998 Mayor's Award for Excellence in Science and Technology, 1994 Sidney Fernbach Award, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Trigger transformer-Trigger transformer-A trigger transformer is a small, usually ferrite cored transformer used in applications requiring a high voltage pulse, typically to start ionization of a gas to allow a current to pass. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Trigger transformer-Uses-Trigger transformer cores may be utilized in a unipolar (electromagnetic flux strictly positive or negative) or bipolar (swinging between positive and negative) manner. Applications also differ in whether or not they saturate the core (termed a saturating trigger transformer). | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Trigger transformer-Uses-Strobe lights, for instance operate the core in a unipolar, unsaturated mode. Capacitors are charged to approx. 300 volts, at which point a second capacitor pulses voltage through the transformer, achieving the approx. 2000-6000 volts (depending upon the characteristics of the specific flash tu... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Trigger transformer-Uses-Trigger transformers operate by means of a secondary coil with hundreds, even thousands, of turns of very fine copper wire, trading current for voltage.Much like in lightning, this plasma has much lower resistance, and the capacitor can discharge rapidly across it. The capacitors begin charging... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Trigger transformer-Uses-So-called saturating trigger transformers find use in circuits that intentionally utilize core saturation and/or operate in a bipolar fashion, such as DC-to-AC power inverters.
Inductors are also commonly used in place of a trigger transformer, however are not considered transformers themselves... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Integrin-Integrins are transmembrane receptors that help cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion. Upon ligand binding, integrins activate signal transduction pathways that mediate cellular signals such as regulation of the cell cycle, organization of the intracellular cytoskeleton, and movement ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Integrin-Several types of integrins exist, and one cell generally has multiple different types on its surface. Integrins are found in all animals while integrin-like receptors are found in plant cells.Integrins work alongside other proteins such as cadherins, the immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecu... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Structure-Integrins are obligate heterodimers composed of α and β subunits. Several genes code for multiple isoforms of these subunits, which gives rise to an array of unique integrins with varied activity. In mammals, integrins are assembled from eighteen α and eight β subunits, in Drosophila five α and two β... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Structure-Variants of some subunits are formed by differential RNA splicing; for example, four variants of the beta-1 subunit exist. Through different combinations of the α and β subunits, 24 unique mammalian integrins are generated, excluding splice- and glycosylation variants.Integrin subunits span the cell ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Structure-The molecular mass of the integrin subunits can vary from 90 kDa to 160 kDa. Beta subunits have four cysteine-rich repeated sequences. Both α and β subunits bind several divalent cations. The role of divalent cations in the α subunit is unknown, but may stabilize the folds of the protein. The cations... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Structure-Integrins can be categorized in multiple ways. For example, some α chains have an additional structural element (or "domain") inserted toward the N-terminal, the alpha-A domain (so called because it has a similar structure to the A-domains found in the protein von Willebrand factor; it is also termed... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Structure-In both cases, the A-domains carry up to three divalent cation binding sites. One is permanently occupied in physiological concentrations of divalent cations, and carries either a calcium or magnesium ion, the principal divalent cations in blood at median concentrations of 1.4 mM (calcium) and 0.8 mM... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Structure-Structure Despite many years of effort, discovering the high-resolution structure of integrins proved to be challenging, as membrane proteins are classically difficult to purify, and as integrins are large, complex and highly glycosylated with many sugar 'trees' attached to them. Low-resolution image... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Structure-The X-ray crystal structure obtained for the complete extracellular region of one integrin, αvβ3, shows the molecule to be folded into an inverted V-shape that potentially brings the ligand-binding sites close to the cell membrane. Perhaps more importantly, the crystal structure was also obtained for... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Structure-The structure poses many questions, especially regarding ligand binding and signal transduction. The ligand binding site is directed towards the C-terminal of the integrin, the region where the molecule emerges from the cell membrane. If it emerges orthogonally from the membrane, the ligand binding s... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Structure-Although the crystal structure changed surprisingly little after binding to cilengitide, the current hypothesis is that integrin function involves changes in shape to move the ligand-binding site into a more accessible position, away from the cell surface, and this shape change also triggers intracel... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Structure-Activation When released into the cell membrane, newly synthesized integrin dimers are speculated to be found in the same "bent" conformation revealed by the structural studies described above. One school of thought claims that this bent form prevents them from interacting with their ligands, althoug... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Function-Integrins have two main functions, attachment of the cells to the ECM and signal transduction from the ECM to the cells. They are also involved in a wide range of other biological activities, including extravasation, cell-to-cell adhesion, cell migration, and as receptors for certain viruses, such as ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Function-Attachment of cell to the ECM Integrins couple the cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) outside a cell to the cytoskeleton (in particular, the microfilaments) inside the cell. Which ligand in the ECM the integrin can bind to is defined by which α and β subunits the integrin is made of. Among the ligands of... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Function-Cell attachment to the ECM is a basic requirement to build a multicellular organism. Integrins are not simply hooks, but give the cell critical signals about the nature of its surroundings. Together with signals arising from receptors for soluble growth factors like VEGF, EGF, and many others, they en... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Function-Signal transduction Integrins play an important role in cell signaling by modulating the cell signaling pathways of transmembrane protein kinases such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). While the interaction between integrin and receptor tyrosine kinases originally was thought of as uni-directional a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Function-The repertoire of integrins expressed on a particular cell can specify the signaling pathway due to the differential binding affinity of ECM ligands for the integrins. The tissue stiffness and matrix composition can initiate specific signaling pathways regulating cell behavior. Clustering and activati... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Integrins and nerve repair-Integrins have an important function in neuroregeneration after injury of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Integrins are present at the growth cone of damaged PNS neurons and attach to ligands in the ECM to promote axon regeneration. It is unclear whether integrins can promote ax... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Integrin-Vertebrate integrins-The following are 16 of the ~24 integrins found in vertebrates: Beta-1 integrins interact with many alpha integrin chains. Gene knockouts of integrins in mice are not always lethal, which suggests that during embryonal development, one integrin may substitute its function for another in or... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-Mill's Methods-Mill's Methods are five methods of induction described by philosopher John Stuart Mill in his 1843 book A System of Logic. They are intended to illuminate issues of causation. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-The methods-Direct method of agreement If two or more instances of the phenomenon under investigation have only one circumstance in common, the circumstance in which alone all the instances agree, is the cause (or effect) of the given phenomenon. For a property to be a necessary condition it must always... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-The methods-Symbolically, the method of agreement can be represented as: A B C D occur together with w x y z A E F G occur together with w t u v —————————————————— Therefore A is the cause, or the effect, of w.To further illustrate this concept, consider two structurally different countries. Country A is... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-The methods-Method of difference If an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation occurs, and an instance in which it does not occur, have every circumstance save one in common, that one occurring only in the former; the circumstance in which alone the two instances differ, is the effect, or ca... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-The methods-A B C D occur together with w x y z B C D occur together with x y z —————————————————— Therefore A is the cause, or the effect, or a part of the cause of w.As an example of the method of difference, consider two similar countries. Country A has a centre-right government, a unitary system and ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-The methods-Indirect method of difference If two or more instances in which the phenomenon occurs have only one circumstance in common, while two or more instances in which it does not occur have nothing in common save the absence of that circumstance; the circumstance in which alone the two sets of inst... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-The methods-Symbolically, the Joint method of agreement and difference can be represented as: A B C occur together with x y z A D E occur together with x v w F G occur with y w —————————————————— Therefore A is the cause, or the effect, or a part of the cause of x. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-The methods-Method of residue Subduct from any phenomenon such part as is known by previous inductions to be the effect of certain antecedents, and the residue of the phenomenon is the effect of the remaining antecedents. If a range of factors are believed to cause a range of phenomena, and we have matc... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-The methods-Symbolically, the Method of Residue can be represented as: A B C occur together with x y z B is known to be the cause of y C is known to be the cause of z —————————————————— Therefore A is the cause or effect of x. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-The methods-Method of concomitant variations Whatever phenomenon varies in any manner whenever another phenomenon varies in some particular manner, is either a cause or an effect of that phenomenon, or is connected with it through some fact of causation. If across a range of circumstances leading to a p... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mill's Methods-The methods-Symbolically, the method of concomitant variation can be represented as (with ± representing a shift): A B C occur together with x y z A± B C results in x± y z.
————————————————————— Therefore A and x are causally connectedUnlike the preceding four inductive methods, the method of concomitant... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Centrifugal casting (silversmithing)-Centrifugal casting (silversmithing)-Centrifugal casting in silversmithing is a casting technique where a small mould is poured, then spun on the end of an arm. The centrifugal force thus generated encourages a successful pour. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Centrifugal casting (silversmithing)-Processes-Centrifugal casting, or centrifuging, is used as a means of casting small, detailed parts or jewelry. An articulated arm is free to spin around a vertical axle, which is driven by an electric motor or a spring. The entire mechanism is enclosed in a tub or drum to contain h... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Centrifugal casting (silversmithing)-Processes-For casting of small parts using hot metal, a disk shaped mold is contained within a rotating drum, and molten metal is poured into the center. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Centrifugal casting (silversmithing)-Machinery-Many machines are available which can perform centrifugal casting, and they are relatively simple to construct. All that is required is an arm which rotates with an adequate amount of centrifugal force, a container on the end of said arm to hold both a mold and the materia... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mach bands-Mach bands-Mach bands is an optical illusion named after the physicist Ernst Mach. It exaggerates the contrast between edges of the slightly differing shades of gray, as soon as they contact one another, by triggering edge-detection in the human visual system. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mach bands-Explanation-The Mach bands effect is due to the spatial high-boost filtering performed by the human visual system on the luminance channel of the image captured by the retina. Mach reported the effect in 1865, conjecturing that filtering is performed in the retina itself, by lateral inhibition among its neur... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mach bands-In radiology-This visual phenomenon is important to keep in mind when evaluating dental radiographs for evidence of decay, in which grayscale images of teeth and bone are analyzed for abnormal variances of density. A false-positive radiological diagnosis of dental caries can easily arise if the practitioner ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Mach bands-In computer graphics-Mach bands can also appear when there is a discontinuity in the derivative of a gradient, a visual effect common when intensities are linearly interpolated such as in Gouraud shading.
Computer image processing systems use edge-detection in a way analogous to the brain, using unsharp mask... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Exploration logging-Exploration logging-Exploration logging is the process of wireline logging, geophysical logging, geotechnical logging or geological logging of a drill hole, its core, or its rock cuttings for petrophysics or petrology. The practice is usually used in the mining, mineral exploration or oil and natura... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Aperture Desk Job-Aperture Desk Job-Aperture Desk Job is a 2022 action game by Valve. A spin-off of the Portal series, it was released concurrently with the Steam Deck as a tech demo showcasing the platform's controller functions. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Aperture Desk Job-Gameplay-The gameplay consists of product inspection aided by Grady, an artificial intelligence "core" much like many others seen in the Portal franchise. The game serves as a tech demo for the Steam Deck, with most of the game taking place in front of a desk that acts as an in-world representation of... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Aperture Desk Job-Synopsis-The player, whose name is up to them to decide, starts work at Aperture as a product tester at a desk that from that point on they seem incapable of leaving. A core named Grady (Nate Bargatze) arrives and tasks the player with testing toilets. A defective toilet destroys a transport pipe fill... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Aperture Desk Job-Synopsis-Six months later, Grady introduces a turret cobbled together from weapon parts and the shell of a toilet. He urges the player to test it out and the player ends up destroying the warehouse. Grady leaves the player to take the fall while he attempts to improve the design of the turret. Eightee... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Aperture Desk Job-Synopsis-Upon reaching Johnson's office, Grady reveals that he lied about organizing the meeting and that he suspects Johnson is a recluse, given that no-one has seen him in years. Upon entering his office, it's revealed that Johnson no longer exists as a physical being—he was stricken with a terrible... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Aperture Desk Job-Synopsis-Months later, Grady and the player have entered into a witness protection program having informed on Grady's loan sharks, and now go by "Gary" and "Charlie". The two of them still 'work' in the damaged Aperture building, with the player 'testing' toilets that simply fall off the conveyor belt... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
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