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is a distribution over all clusters. In a soft assignment, a document has fractional membership in several clusters.:\u200a499\u200a Dimensionality reduction methods can be considered a subtype of soft clustering; for documents, these include latent semantic indexing (truncated singular value decomposition on term hist... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Weak value-Applications-Quantum computation Weak values have been implemented into quantum computing to get a giant speed up in time complexity. In a paper, Arun Kumar Pati describes a new kind of quantum computer using weak value amplification and post-selection (WVAP), and implements search algorithm which (given a ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Page table-Translation failures-Some MMUs trigger a page fault for other reasons, whether or not the page is currently resident in physical memory and mapped into the virtual address space of a process: Attempting to write when the page table has the read-only bit set causes a page fault. This is a normal part of many... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Chan's algorithm-Algorithm-If m\u2264h2 , then the time complexity is log log \u2061h) .) for 1\u2264i\u2264m do(Note: here, a point in the convex hull of P is already known, that is p1 .)(In this inner for loop, K possible next points to be on the convex hull of P , qi,1,qi,2,\u2026,qi,K , are computed.) (Eac... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Word2vec-Parameterization-Sub-sampling High-frequency and low-frequency words often provide little information. Words with a frequency above a certain threshold, or below a certain threshold, may be subsampled or removed to speed up training.\nDimensionality Quality of word embedding increases with higher dimensionali... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Monad (category theory)-Algebras for a monad-Algebras over the symmetric monad Another useful example of a monad is the symmetric algebra functor on the category of R -modules for a commutative ring R .sending an R -module M to the direct sum of symmetric tensor powerswhere Sym 0(M)=R . For example, Sym \u2219(R... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Range concatenation grammar-Description-Formal definition A Positive Range Concatenation Grammar (PRCG) is a tuple G=(N,T,V,S,P) , where: N , T and V are disjoint finite sets of (respectively) predicate names, terminal symbols and variable names. Each predicate name has an associated arity given by the function di... | large_corpus_distillation |
where \u03c4 is a decay parameter that can be experimentally assigned. We can go on to then define similarity to the entire memory matrix by a summed similarity SS(p,M) between the probe p and the memory matrix M: SS(p,M)=\u2211i=1ne\u2212\u03c4\u2016p\u2212mi\u2016=\u2211i=1ne\u2212\u03c4\u2211j=1L(p(j)\u2212mi(j))2 .... | large_corpus_distillation |
"One-way compression function-Construction from block ciphers-Using a block cipher to build the one-way compression function for a hash function is usually somewhat slower than using a specially designed one-way compression function in the hash function. This is because all known secure constructions do the key schedul... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Glossary of comics terminology-Elements-Word balloon A speech/word/dialogue balloon or speech/word/dialogue bubble is a speech indicator, containing the characters' dialogue. The indicator from the balloon that points at the speaker is called a pointer or tail.The word balloon bridges the gap between word and image\u2... | large_corpus_distillation |
"# Import libraries\nimport pandas as pd ## for dataset management\n# Creating a dictionary with the given data\ndata = {\n'Year': [2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023],\n'SP500': [1848.36, 2058.9, 2043.94, 2238.83, 2673.61, 2506.85, 3230.78,\n3756.07, 4766.18, 3839.5, 4769.83]\n}\n# Creati... | large_corpus_distillation |
we will discuss measures of\nthe variability of a distribution. There are four frequently used measures of variability: the range, interquartile range, variance, and\nstandard deviation. In the next few paragraphs, we will look at each of these four measures of variability in more detail.\nRange\nThe range is the simpl... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Internet Protocol version 4-Packet structure-Header checksum The 16-bit IPv4 header checksum field is used for error-checking of the header. When a packet arrives at a router, the router calculates the checksum of the header and compares it to the checksum field. If the values do not match, the router discards the pac... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Neuro-linguistic programming-Applications-Psychotherapeutic Early books about NLP had a psychotherapeutic focus given that the early models were psychotherapists. As an approach to psychotherapy, NLP shares similar core assumptions and foundations in common with some contemporary brief and systemic practices, such as ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Buginese (Unicode block)-Buginese (Unicode block)-Buginese is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Buginese language of Sulawesi." | large_corpus_distillation |
"FotoMagico-Reception-The 2020 ipad version of the product was positively reviewed by J.R. Bookwalter writing in Macworld, who described it as \"a dazzling new edition of an already fantastic, affordable slideshow solution for all Mac users, but the Pro version offers the most bang for the buck\". Bookwalter also revie... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SNAMP-Overview-Tracing of requests Tracing of requests allows to identify communication paths between services and to collect important metrics such as response time, requests per second, availability, scalability etc. This data helps to troubleshoot latency and scalability issues and to find the bottlenecks. Addition... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SHA-1-Comparison of SHA functions-In the table below, internal state means the \"internal hash sum\" after each compression of a data block." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Linear discriminant analysis-Comparison to logistic regression-Discriminant function analysis is very similar to logistic regression, and both can be used to answer the same research questions. Logistic regression does not have as many assumptions and restrictions as discriminant analysis. However, when discriminant a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Non-configurational language-Non-configurational language-In generative grammar, non-configurational languages are languages characterized by a flat phrase structure, which allows syntactically discontinuous expressions, and a relatively free word order." | large_corpus_distillation |
lightweight schemes allow for more speed when managing larger amounts of data. One solution to keep schemes lightweight during the mutual authentication process is to limit the number of bits used during communication.Applications that solely rely on device-to-device (D2D) communication, where multiple devices can comm... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Clique percolation method-Percolation transition in the CPM-The Erd\u0151s\u2013R\u00e9nyi model shows a series of interesting transitions when the probability p of two nodes being connected is increased. For each k one can find a certain threshold probability pc above which the k-cliques organize into a giant communi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"French verb morphology-Formation of simple tenses active-Verbal adjective (Adjectif verbal) For most verbs, the verbal adjective is nearly the same as the present participle, however the verbal adjectif is inflected as an adjective, e.g. le gar\u00e7on sautant (the jumping boy), la fille sautante (the jumping girl), l... | large_corpus_distillation |
"LR parser-Overview-LR parsers differ from other shift-reduce parsers in how they decide when to reduce, and how to pick between rules with similar endings. But the final decisions and the sequence of shift or reduce steps are the same.\nMuch of the LR parser's efficiency is from being deterministic. To avoid guessing,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Code refactoring-Motivation-Refactoring is usually motivated by noticing a code smell. For example, the method at hand may be very long, or it may be a near duplicate of another nearby method. Once recognized, such problems can be addressed by refactoring the source code, or transforming it into a new form that behave... | large_corpus_distillation |
"IEEE P1363-Traditional public-key cryptography (IEEE Std 1363-2000 and 1363a-2004)-Lattice-based public-key cryptography (IEEE Std 1363.1-2008) Password-based public-key cryptography (IEEE Std 1363.2-2008) Identity-based public-key cryptography using pairings (IEEE Std 1363.3-2013)The chair of the working group as of ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Snake case-Examples-Kotlin uses SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE for constants and enum values Magik OCaml, for value, type, and module names Perl, for lexical variables and subroutines Oracle SQL and PL/SQL, for all unquoted identifiers (tables, columns, indexes, constraints, PL/SQL variables, constants, procedures/functions, tr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Intel Graphics Technology-Capabilities (GPU video acceleration)-Intel developed a dedicated SIP core which implements multiple video decompression and compression algorithms branded Intel Quick Sync Video. Some are implemented completely, some only partially.\nHardware-accelerated algorithms Intel Pentium and Celeron ... | large_corpus_distillation |
\u2013 The Reliable Internetwork Troubleshooting Agent. IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC2321. RFC 2321.\nK. van den Hout; et al. (1 April 1998). Management of IP numbers by peg-dhcp. IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC2322. RFC 2322.\nThis RFC is not solely for entertainment, but the described protocol has regularly been implemented at hacke... | large_corpus_distillation |
r') else return join(l', k1, r') The complexity of each of union, intersection and difference is log \u2061(nm+1)) for two weight-balanced trees of sizes m and n(\u2265m) . This complexity is optimal in terms of the number of comparisons. More importantly, since the recursive calls to union, intersection or differen... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Secure multi-party computation-Practical MPC systems-Meanwhile, another group of researchers has investigated using consumer-grade GPUs to achieve similar levels of parallelism. They utilize oblivious transfer extensions and some other novel techniques to design their GPU-specific protocol. This approach seems to achi... | large_corpus_distillation |
measure. In the following theorems, and are events. The results follow easily\nfrom the axioms of probability in (1), so be sure to try the proofs yourself before reading the ones in the text.\nP(Ac)=1\u2212P(A)\n. This is known as the complement rule.\nProof\nFigure 2.3.3: The complement rule\nP(\u2205)=0\n.\nProof\nA... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Joint application design-Joint application design-Joint application design (JAD) is a process used in the life cycle area of the dynamic systems development method (DSDM) to collect business requirements while developing new information systems for a company. \"The JAD process also includes approaches for enhancing us... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Zero-shot learning-Background and history-The first paper on zero-shot learning in natural language processing appeared in 2008 at the AAAI\u201908, but the name given to the learning paradigm there was dataless classification. The first paper on zero-shot learning in computer vision appeared at the same conference, u... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Matrix completion-Algorithms for Low-Rank Matrix Completion-Various matrix completion algorithms have been proposed. These includes convex relaxation-based algorithm, gradient-based algorithm, and alternating minimization-based algorithm." | large_corpus_distillation |
the conditions to be treated.Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of diseases and other health states in populations. Epidemiological studies can be divided into two main types: Descriptive epidemiology describes disease and/or exposure and may consist of calculating rates, e.g., incidence and... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Manual memory management-Description-Many programming languages use manual techniques to determine when to allocate a new object from the free store. C uses the malloc function; C++ and Java use the new operator; and many other languages (such as Python) allocate all objects from the free store. Determining when an ob... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Order theory-Functions between orders-Finally, one can invert the view, switching from functions of orders to orders of functions. Indeed, the functions between two posets P and Q can be ordered via the pointwise order. For two functions f and g, we have f \u2264 g if f(x) \u2264 g(x) for all elements x of P. This occ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Integer overflow-Methods to address integer overflow problems-Explicit propagation If a value is too large to be stored it can be assigned a special value indicating that overflow has occurred and then have all successive operations return this flag value. Such values are sometimes referred to as NaN, for \"not a numb... | large_corpus_distillation |
additional security each party may supply its own parameters.Sharing this data prior to the beginning of the session lessens the complexity of the protocol.\nBasic STS Supposing all setup data has been shared, the STS protocol proceeds as follows. If a step cannot be completed, the protocol immediately stops. All expon... | large_corpus_distillation |
to the banks and financial institutions who actually hold and process the user's transactions and funds." | large_corpus_distillation |
and false are defined, all Boolean logic can be implemented in terms of if-then-else structures." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Info-metrics-Examples-for x k = k {\\textstyle x_{k}=k} and k = 1 , 2 , \u2026 , 6 {\\textstyle k=1,2,\\ldots ,6} . The solution is where p ^ k {\\textstyle {\\widehat {p}}_{k}} is the inferred probability of event k {\\textstyle k} , \u03bb ^ {\\textstyle {\\widehat {\\lambda }}} is the inferred Lagrange multipl... | large_corpus_distillation |
"102 (number)-In mathematics-102 is an abundant number and a semiperfect number. It is a sphenic number.\nThe sum of Euler's totient function \u03c6(x) over the first eighteen integers is 102.\n102 is the first three-digit base 10 polydivisible number, since 1 is divisible by 1, 10 is divisible by 2 and 102 is divisibl... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Student's t-test-Calculations-Equal or unequal sample sizes, similar variances (1/2 < sX1/sX2 < 2) This test is used only when it can be assumed that the two distributions have the same variance. (When this assumption is violated, see below.) The previous formulae are a special case of the formulae below, one recover... | large_corpus_distillation |
"David Shmoys-Key contributions-For the incapacitated version of the facility location problem, again in a joint work with Chudak he obtained a 1.736 -approximation algorithm which was a significant improvement on the previously known approximation guarantees.\nThe improved algorithm works by rounding an optimal fract... | large_corpus_distillation |
"User modeling-Data gathering-Information about users can be gathered in several ways. There are three main methods: Asking for specific facts while (first) interacting with the systemMostly this kind of data gathering is linked with the registration process. While registering users are asked for specific facts, their ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sweep account-Mechanics-Eurodollar sweeps are legal transfers of funds to the bank's offshore entities, although essentially they are just an accounting technique to allow the banks to have full lending of the funds without the reserve requirements normally required and without having to pay for FDIC insurance (as the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cuckoo hashing-Variations-Generalizations of cuckoo hashing that use more than two alternative hash functions can be expected to utilize a larger part of the capacity of the hash table efficiently while sacrificing some lookup and insertion speed. Using just three hash functions increases the load to 91%." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Shannon\u2013Fano coding-Comparison with other coding methods-The code lengths for the different characters this time are 1 bit for A and 3 bits for all other characters.\nThis results in the lengths of 1 bit for A and per 3 bits for B, C, D and E, giving an average length of We see that the Huffman code has outperfor... | large_corpus_distillation |
"18.4: Randomization Association\nskills to develop\nr\nCompute a randomization test for Pearson's\nr b r\nA significance test for Pearson's is described in the section inferential statistics for and . The significance test described in that\nr\nsection assumes normality. This section describes a method for testing the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bailey\u2013Borwein\u2013Plouffe formula-Generalizations-D. J. Broadhurst provides a generalization of the BBP algorithm that may be used to compute a number of other constants in nearly linear time and logarithmic space. Explicit results are given for Catalan's constant, \u03c03 , \u03c04 , Ap\u00e9ry's constant \... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cache Discovery Protocol-Cache Discovery Protocol-The Cache Discovery Protocol (CDP) is an extension to the BitTorrent file-distribution system. It is designed to support the discovery and utilisation of local data caches by BitTorrent peers, typically set up by ISPs wishing to minimise the impact of BitTorrent traffi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Abandonware-Alternatives to software abandoning-Support by source code release The problem of missing technical support for a software can be most effectively solved when the source code becomes available. Therefore, several companies decided to release the source code specifically to allow the user communities to pro... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Words (Unix)-Words (Unix)-words is a standard file on Unix and Unix-like operating systems, and is simply a newline-delimited list of dictionary words. It is used, for instance, by spell-checking programs.The words file is usually stored in /usr/share/dict/words or /usr/dict/words.\nOn Debian and Ubuntu, the words fil... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Disk encryption theory-Problem definition-The third property is generally non-controversial. However, it indirectly prohibits the use of stream ciphers, since stream ciphers require, for their security, that the same initial state not be used twice (which would be the case if a sector is updated with different data); ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Crowdsource (app)-Features-Image Label Verification Image Label Verification allows users to select a word from a list of topics, such as \"Cars, and then presents the user with a picture, asking the question \"Does this image contain cars?\". Users can select \"Yes\", \"No\", or \"Skip\" if they are unsure. The data ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Chebyshev's inequality-Chebyshev's inequality-In probability theory, Chebyshev's inequality (also called the Bienaym\u00e9\u2013Chebyshev inequality) guarantees that, for a wide class of probability distributions, no more than a certain fraction of values can be more than a certain distance from the mean. Specifically... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Carmichael number-Generalizations-Both prime and Carmichael numbers satisfy the following equality: gcd 1." | large_corpus_distillation |
"ANTLR-Usage-ANTLR takes as input a grammar that specifies a language and generates as output source code for a recognizer of that language. While Version 3 supported generating code in the programming languages Ada95, ActionScript, C, C#, Java, JavaScript, Objective-C, Perl, Python, Ruby, and Standard ML, V... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dependency hell-Solutions-Strict compatibility requirement in code development and maintenance If the applications and libraries are developed and maintained with guaranteed downward compatibility in mind, any application or library can be replaced with a newer version at any time without breaking anything. While this... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Majorization-Geometry of majorization-For x,y\u2208Rn, we have x\u227ay if and only if x is in the convex hull of all vectors obtained by permuting the coordinates of y Figure 1 displays the convex hull in 2D for the vector y=(3,1) . Notice that the center of the convex hull, which is an interval in this case, is... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Collaborative filtering-Challenges-Diversity and the long tail Collaborative filters are expected to increase diversity because they help us discover new products. Some algorithms, however, may unintentionally do the opposite. Because collaborative filters recommend products based on past sales or ratings, they cannot... | large_corpus_distillation |
~p (one assumes ~q and shows that it leads to ~p). Since p \u21d2 q and ~q \u21d2 ~p are equivalent by the principle of transposition (see law of excluded middle), p \u21d2 q is indirectly proved. Proof methods that are not direct include proof by contradiction, including proof by infinite descent. Direct proof methods... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Forgetting-Measurements-Prompted (cued) recall Prompted recall is a slight variation of free recall that consists of presenting hints or prompts to increase the likelihood that the behavior will be produced. Usually these prompts are stimuli that were not there during the training period. Thus in order to measure the ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Signal Protocol-Usage-In November 2014, Open Whisper Systems announced a partnership with WhatsApp to provide end-to-end encryption by incorporating the Signal Protocol into each WhatsApp client platform. Open Whisper Systems said that they had already incorporated the protocol into the latest WhatsApp client for Andr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"American fuzzy lop (fuzzer)-Features-User interface American fuzzy lop features a colorful command line interface that displays real-time statistics about the fuzzing process. Various settings may be triggered by either command line options or environment variables. Apart from that, programs may read runtime statistic... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Median graph-Convex sets and Helly families-In a median graph, a set S of vertices is said to be convex if, for every two vertices a and b belonging to S, the whole interval I(a,b) is a subset of S. Equivalently, given the two definitions of intervals above, S is convex if it contains every shortest path between two o... | large_corpus_distillation |
of these correlation matrices, robust choices need to be made to avoid MSE degradation." | large_corpus_distillation |
point of failure take down all stations in the regional group." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Square-free integer-Square-free factors of integers-Any arbitrary positive integer n can be represented in a unique way as the product of a square and a square-free integer: In this factorization, m is the largest divisor of n such that m2 is a divisor of n In summary, there are three square-free factors that are... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Radix sort-Radix sort-Radix sort can be applied to data that can be sorted lexicographically, be they integers, words, punch cards, playing cards, or the mail." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Segment protection-Implementation-Algorithms Generalized Segment Protection \"The algorithm works as follows: K working paths are selected based on a predetermined criterion (shortest path, minimum unavailability, shortest hop count, etc.). Upon selecting the K-paths, for each working path, the links along the working... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Double-ended priority queue-Applications-Read in the remaining elements. If the next element is \u2264 the smallest element in the DEPQ, output this next element as part of the left group. If the next element is \u2265 the largest element in the DEPQ, output this next element as part of the right group. Otherwise, rem... | large_corpus_distillation |
of G in L by S and return the expression. The definition used is extended to cover the substitution of expressions, from the definition given on the Lambda calculus page. The matching of expressions should compare expressions for alpha equivalence (renaming of variables).\nConversion from lambda to let expressions The ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Assembly language-Use of assembly language-Current usage There has been debate over the usefulness and performance of assembly language relative to high-level languages.Although assembly language has specific niche uses where it is important (see below), there are other tools for optimization.As of July 2017, the TIOB... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Function of several real variables-Calculus-Then substituting the gradient \u2207f (evaluated at x = a) with a slight rearrangement gives: f(x)\u2212f(a)=\u2207f(a)\u22c5(x\u2212a)+\u03b1|x\u2212a| where \u00b7 denotes the dot product. This equation represents the best linear approximation of the function f at all poi... | large_corpus_distillation |
supported kernels for special data include: Spectrum Weighted Degree Weighted Degree with ShiftsThe latter group of kernels allows processing of arbitrary sequences over fixed alphabets such as DNA sequences as well as whole e-mail texts." | large_corpus_distillation |
"A/B testing-Overview-Common test statistics \"Two-sample hypothesis tests\" are appropriate for comparing the two samples where the samples are divided by the two control cases in the experiment. Z-tests are appropriate for comparing means under stringent conditions regarding normality and a known standard deviation. ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Prefix code-Related concepts-An optimal prefix code is a prefix code with minimal average length. That is, assume an alphabet of n symbols with probabilities p(Ai) for a prefix code C. If C' is another prefix code and \u03bbi\u2032 are the lengths of the codewords of C', then \u2211i=1n\u03bbip(Ai)\u2264\u2211i=1n\... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Code audit-Guidelines-Low-risk vulnerabilities The following is a list of low-risk vulnerabilities that should be found when auditing code, but do not produce a high risk situation.\nClient-side code vulnerabilities that do not affect the server side (e.g., cross-site scripting) Username enumeration Directory traversa... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Kerr\u2013Newman metric-Kerr\u2013Schild coordinates-The Kerr\u2013Newman metric can be expressed in the Kerr\u2013Schild form, using a particular set of Cartesian coordinates, proposed by Kerr and Schild in 1965. The metric is as follows.\ng\u03bc\u03bd=\u03b7\u03bc\u03bd+fk\u03bck\u03bd f=Gr2r4+a2z2[2Mr\u2212Q2] k=(... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Randomized weighted majority algorithm-Motivation-In machine learning, the weighted majority algorithm (WMA) is a meta-learning algorithm which \"predicts from expert advice\".\nIt is not a randomized algorithm: initialize all experts to weight 1.\nfor each round: poll all the experts and predict based on a weighted m... | large_corpus_distillation |
"X86 calling conventions-Callee clean-up-Borland register Evaluating arguments from left to right, it passes three arguments via EAX, EDX, ECX. Remaining arguments are pushed onto the stack, also left to right. It is the default calling convention of the 32-bit compiler of Delphi, where it is known as register. This ca... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Abstraction (computer science)-Levels of abstraction-Layered architecture The ability to provide a design of different levels of abstraction can simplify the design considerably enable different role players to effectively work at various levels of abstraction support the portability of software artifacts (model-based... | large_corpus_distillation |
"IT baseline protection-Baseline protection process-In this connection, the damage to each application and the processed information, which could result from a breach of confidentiality, integrity or availability, is considered. Important in this context is a realistic assessment of the possible follow-on damages. A di... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Group (mathematics)-Elementary consequences of the group axioms-Division Given elements a and b of a group G , there is a unique solution x in G to the equation a\u22c5x=b , namely a\u22121\u22c5b . It follows that for each a in G , the function G\u2192G that maps each x to a\u22c5x is a bijection; it is c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Exposed point-Exposed point-In mathematics, an exposed point of a convex set C is a point x\u2208C at which some continuous linear functional attains its strict maximum over C . Such a functional is then said to expose x . There can be many exposing functionals for x . The set of exposed points of C is usually d... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Biased graph-Minors-In the contraction \u03a9/S by an arbitrary edge set S, the edge set is E \u2212 S. (We let G = (V, E).) The vertex set is the class of vertex sets of balanced components of the subgraph (V, S) of \u03a9. That is, if (V, S) has balanced components with vertex sets V1, ..., Vk, then \u03a9/S has k v... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Arms industry-World's largest arms exporters-Overall global arms exports rose of about 6 per-cent in the last 5 years compared to the period 2010-2014 and increased by 20 per-cent since 2005\u20132009.Rankings for exporters below a billion dollars are less meaningful, as they can be swayed by single contracts. A much ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Derangement-Counting derangements-Counting derangements of a set amounts to the hat-check problem, in which one considers the number of ways in which n hats (call them h1 through hn) can be returned to n people (P1 through Pn) such that no hat makes it back to its owner.Each person may receive any of the n \u2212 1 ha... | large_corpus_distillation |
"HMMER-The HMMER3 release-DNA sequence comparison A major improvement in HMMER3 was the inclusion of DNA/DNA comparison tools. HMMER2 only had functionality to compare protein sequences.\nRestriction to local alignments While HMMER2 could perform local alignment (align a complete model to a subsequence of the target) a... | large_corpus_distillation |
outcomes presupposing that the person will make the purchase; whereas the third option (that of not buying) is intentionally excluded from the spoken choices." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Symmetric-key algorithm-Use as a cryptographic primitive-Symmetric ciphers are commonly used to achieve other cryptographic primitives than just encryption.Encrypting a message does not guarantee that it will remain unchanged while encrypted. Hence, often a message authentication code is added to a ciphertext to ensur... | large_corpus_distillation |
"HMMER-Programs in the HMMER package-The HMMER package consists of a collection of programs for performing functions using profile hidden Markov models. The programs include: Profile HMM building hmmbuild - construct profile HMMs from multiple sequence alignments Homology searching hmmscan - search protein sequences ag... | large_corpus_distillation |
"History of artificial neural networks-Deep learning with unsupervised or self-supervised pre-training-Such history compressors can substantially facilitate downstream supervised deep learning.Geoffrey Hinton et al. (2006) proposed learning a high-level internal representation using successive layers of binary or real-... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Linear regression-Extensions-Numerous extensions of linear regression have been developed, which allow some or all of the assumptions underlying the basic model to be relaxed." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Schanuel's lemma-Proof-The map \u03c0 : X \u2192 P, where \u03c0 is defined as the projection of the first coordinate of X into P, is surjective. Since \u03c6\u2032 is surjective, for any p in P, one may find a q in P\u2032 such that \u03c6(p) = \u03c6\u2032(q). This gives (p,q) \u2208 X with \u03c0(p,q) = p. Now exa... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Krita-Sprint events-Krita sprints are events during which Krita developers and artists get together for a few days, exchange ideas and do programming face-to-face, in order to speedup development and improve relationships between members." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Digital image-Image viewing-Image viewer software displays images. Web browsers can display standard internet image formats including JPEG, GIF and PNG. Some can show SVG format which is a standard W3C format. In the past, when the Internet was still slow, it was common to provide \"preview\" images that would load an... | large_corpus_distillation |
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