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Foreign relations of India | indian army completed construction major road along border myanmar.india also building major roads highways ports pipelines within myanmar attempt increase strategic influence region also counter chinas growing strides indochina peninsula.indian companies also sought active participation oil natural gas exploration myanmar.february india announced plan develop sittwe port would enable ocean access indian northeastern states like mizoram via kaladan river.india major customer burmese oil gas.indian exports myanmar totalled us million imports myanmar valued around us million consisting mostly oil gas. |
Foreign relations of India | india granted us million credit fund highway infrastructure projects myanmar us million offered upgrade burmese railways.us million grants pledged road rail projects.india one countries provided military assistance burmese junta.however increasing pressure india cut military supplies burma.relations two remain close evident aftermath cyclone nargis india one countries whose relief rescue aid proposals accepted myanmars ruling junta.both india maintain embassies rangoon consulategenerals mandalay. |
Foreign relations of India | nepal relations india nepal close yet fraught difficulties stemming border disputes geography economics problems inherent big powersmall power relations common ethnic linguistic identities overlap two countries borders.new delhi kathmandu initiated intertwined relationship treaty peace friendship accompanying secret letters defined security relations two countries agreement governing bilateral trade trade transiting indian soil.treaty letters stated neither government shall tolerate threat security foreign aggressor obligated sides inform serious friction misunderstanding neighboring state likely cause breach friendly relations subsisting two governments also granted indian nepali citizens right get involved economic activity work business related activity others territory.accords cemented special relationship india nepal granted nepalese india economic educational opportunities indian citizens.relations india nepal reached lowest india imposed monthlong economic blockade nepal.indian pm narendra modi visited nepal first indian pm nearly years.in blockade indianepal border affected relations. |
Foreign relations of India | blockade led ethnic communities angered nepals recently promulgated new constitution.however nepalese government accuses india deliberately worsening embargo india denies it.india aided nepal kathmandu earthquake financial aid billion launching operation maitri.the relations strained mid reported firing took place nepalese police across indonepalese border bihar july .nepalese prime minister kp sharma oli commented pandemic coronavirus indian virus deadlier one spread wuhan.time progressed certain claims also made indian territories example kalapani limpiyadhura lipulekh uttarakhand.similarly claims also made culturally said hindu god ram nepalese born thori west birgunj ayodhya uttar pradesh fake. |
Foreign relations of India | rules made strict indians nepal along banning indian media.indian media stated actions oli government souring relations done direction china propelled chinese ambassador hou yanqi.speculations made since china could handle india directly aftermath lac skirmish lurking trapping neighboring countries provoking india.august reports chinese illegal occupations nepals border states areas.pakistan despite historical cultural ethnic links relations india pakistan plagued years mistrust suspicion ever since partition india .principal source contention india western neighbour kashmir conflict. |
Foreign relations of India | invasion pashtun tribesmen pakistani paramilitary forces hindu maharaja dogra kingdom jammu kashmir hari singh muslim prime minister sheikh abdullah signed instrument accession new delhi.first kashmir war started indian army entered srinagar capital state secure area invading forces.war ended december line control dividing erstwhile princely state territories administered pakistan northern western areas india southern central northeastern areas.pakistan contested legality instrument accession since dogra kingdom signed standstill agreement it.indopakistani war started following failure pakistans operation gibraltar designed infiltrate forces jammu kashmir precipitate insurgency rule india. |
Foreign relations of India | fiveweek war caused thousands casualties sides.ended united nations un mandated ceasefire subsequent issuance tashkent declaration.india pakistan went war time conflict east pakistan.largescale atrocities committed pakistan army led millions bengali refugees pouring india.india along mukti bahini defeated pakistan pakistani forces surrendered eastern front. |
Foreign relations of India | war resulted creation bangladesh.in india carried pokhranii nuclear tests followed pakistans chagaii tests.following lahore declaration february relations briefly improved.months later however pakistani paramilitary forces pakistan army infiltrated large numbers kargil district indian kashmir.initiated kargil war india moved thousands troops successfully flush infiltrators.although conflict result fullscale war india pakistan relations two reached alltime low worsened even following involvement pakistanbased terrorists hijacking indian airlines flight december . |
Foreign relations of India | attempts normalise relations agra summit held july failed.attack indian parliament december blamed pakistan condemned attack caused military standoff two countries lasted nearly year raising fears nuclear warfare.however peace process initiated led improved relations following years.since initiation peace process several confidencebuildingmeasures cbms india pakistan taken shape.samjhauta express delhi–lahore bus service two successful measures played crucial role expanding peopletopeople contact two countries.initiation srinagar–muzaffarabad bus service opening historic trade route across line control reflects increasing eagerness two sides improve relations. |
Foreign relations of India | although bilateral trade india pakistan modest us.billion march expected cross us billion .kashmir earthquake india sent aid affected areas pakistani kashmir punjab well indian kashmir.the mumbai attacks seriously undermined relations two countries.india alleged pakistan harbouring militants soil pakistan vehemently denied claims.a new chapter started india pakistan relation new nda government took charge delhi victory election invited saarc members leaders oath taking ceremony.subsequently visit indian prime minister december informally wish pakistani prime minister nawaz sharif birth day participate daughters wedding. |
Foreign relations of India | hoped relation neighbour improve attack indian army camp pakistani infiltrators september subsequent surgical strike india aggravated already strained relation nations.a saarc summit scheduled islamabad called boycott india saarc members subsequently.the relation took nosedive another attack crpf february terrorist associated pakistan based terror organisation jaishemohammed terrorist rammed vehicle packed explosive bus carrying crpf soldiers pulwama kashmir killing .india blamed pakistan denied pakistani establishment.india retaliated airstrike balakot region claimed controlled pakistan.a new chapter peace ignited suddenly declared backdoor peace settlement ceasing crossborder firing across loc signed armies sides steady growth countries coming together observed.sri lanka bilateral relations sri lanka india enjoyed historically good relationship.sri lanka also ground one main focus point indian epic ramayana country ravana abducted sita. |
Foreign relations of India | two countries share nearidentical racial cultural ties.according traditional sri lankan chronicles dipavamsa buddhism introduced sri lanka th century bce venerable mahinda son indian emperor ashoka reign sri lankas king devanampiya tissa.time sapling bodhi tree brought sri lanka first monasteries buddhist monuments established.nevertheless relation post independence affected sri lankan civil war failure indian intervention civil war well indias support tamil tiger militants.india sri lankas neighbour separated palk strait nations occupy strategic position south asia sought build common security umbrella indian ocean.indiasri lanka relations undergone qualitative quantitative transformation recent past.political relations close trade investments increased dramatically infrastructural linkages constantly augmented defence collaboration increased general broadbased improvement across sectors bilateral cooperation. |
Foreign relations of India | india first country respond sri lankas request assistance tsunami december .july india evacuated sri lankan nationals lebanon first cyprus indian navy ships delhi colombo special air india flights.there exists broad consensus within sri lankan polity primacy india sri lankas external relations matrix.major political parties sri lanka sri lanka freedom party united nationalist party contributed rapid development bilateral relations last ten years.sri lanka supported indias candidature permanent membership un security council.saarc certain aspects indias relations within subcontinent conducted south asian association regional cooperation saarc. |
Foreign relations of India | members india afghanistan bangladesh bhutan maldives nepal pakistan sri lanka.established saarc encourages cooperation agriculture rural development science technology culture health population control narcotics control antiterrorism.saarc intentionally stressed core issues avoided divisive political issues although political dialogue often conducted margins saarc meetings.india saarc partners signed agreement gradually lower tariffs within region.forward movement saarc come standstill tension india pakistan saarc summit originally scheduled held november rescheduled.fourteenth saarc summit held – april new delhi.the th saarc summit scheduled held islamabad postponed due terrorist acts particularly uri attack. |
Foreign relations of India | indo–pacific countries australia india australia commonwealth members.sporting cultural ties significant.australian cricketers often undertake large commercial ventures india enhanced ipl lesser degree icl.bollywood productions enjoy large market australia.pm john howard visited mumbai entertainment industry efforts increase tourism india australia.there ongoing strategic attempts form asian nato india japan us australia quadrilateral security dialogue. |
Foreign relations of India | first decade st century deepening strategic relations two nations prevented range policy disagreements indias refusal sign npt australias consequent refusal provide india uranium.australias parliament later allowed sale uranium india following changes government.closer strategic cooperation india japan united states australia also began second half analysts attributed desire balance chinese initiatives indopacific region.brunei brunei high commission new delhi india high commission bandar seri begawan.countries full members commonwealth nations. |
Foreign relations of India | fiji fijis relationship republic india often seen observers backdrop sometimes tense relations indigenous people percent population indian descent.india used influence international forums commonwealth nations united nations behalf ethnic indians fiji lobbying sanctions fiji wake coups coup removed governments one dominated one led indofijians.indonesia ties indonesia india date back times ramayana yawadvipa java mentioned indias earliest epic ramayana.sugriva chief ramas army dispatched men yawadvipa island java search sita.indonesians absorbed many aspects indian culture since almost two millennia ago. |
Foreign relations of India | obvious trace large adoption sanskrit indonesian language.several indonesian toponymy indian parallel origin madura mathura serayu sarayu rivers kalingga kalinga kingdom ngayogyakarta ayodhya.indianised hindu–buddhist kingdoms kalingga srivijaya medang bhumi mataram sunda kadiri singhasari majapahit predominant governments indonesia lasted last remaining bali.example profound hindubuddhist influences indonesian history th century prambanan borobudur temples.in first president indonesia – sukarno called upon peoples indonesia india intensify cordial relations existed two countries years disrupted colonial powers.spring foreign ministers countries began speaking era friendly relations. |
Foreign relations of India | india supported indonesian independence nehru raised indonesian question united nations security council.india embassy jakarta indonesia operates embassy delhi.india regards indonesia key member asean.today countries maintain cooperative friendly relations.india indonesia one also one largest democracies asian region projected real democracy.nations agreed establish strategic partnership. |
Foreign relations of India | fellow asian democracies share common values natural countries nurture foster strategic alliance.indonesia india member states g e nonaligned movement united nations.japan indiajapan relations always strong.india culturally influenced japan buddhism.world war ii imperial japanese army helped netaji subhash chandra boses indian national army. |
Foreign relations of India | relations remained warm since indias independence despite japan imposing sanctions india pokhranii nuclear tests sanctions removed .japanese companies like sony toyota honda manufacturing facilities india growth indian economy india big market japanese firms.prominent japanese company big investment india automobiles giant suzuki partnership indian automobiles company maruti suzuki largest car manufacturer india.honda also partner hero honda one largest motor cycle sellers world companies split .according former prime minister shinzō abes arc freedom theory japans interests develop closer ties india worlds populous democracy relations china remain chilly.end japan funded many infrastructure projects india notably new delhis metro subway system. |
Foreign relations of India | december prime minister manmohan singhs visit japan culminated signing joint statement towards japanindia strategic global partnership.indian applicants welcomed jet programme starting one slot available .also japan selfdefense forces took part naval exercise indian ocean known malabar also involved naval forces india australia singapore united states.in october japan signed agreement india would grant latter lowinterest loan worth us.billion construct highspeed rail line delhi mumbai.single largest overseas project financed japan reflects growing economic partnership two. |
Foreign relations of India | india japan signed security cooperation agreement hold military exercises police indian ocean conduct militarytomilitary exchanges fighting terrorism making india one three countries two united states australia japan security pact.indians japan .laos recent years india endeavoured build relations small southeast asian nation.strong military relations india shall building airforce academy laos.malaysia india high commission kuala lumpur malaysia high commission new delhi. |
Foreign relations of India | countries full members commonwealth nations asian union.india malaysia also connected various cultural historical ties date back antiquity.two countries friendly terms malaysia harbours small population indian immigrants.mahathir bin mohamad fourth longest serving prime minister malaysia indian origin.father mohamad iskandar malayalee muslim migrated kerala mother wan tampawan malay.relations escalated malaysian pm mahathir mohamad questioned action revocating special status jammu kashmir caanrc protests. |
Foreign relations of India | relations continue diminished also palm oil export malaysia india.even new government power currently seems recovery former prime minister mahathir mohamad sill favored pakistan.nauru india nauru relations established since island nations independence .leaders countries meeting sidelines international forums nations part united nations nonaligned movement.india one largest donors island improving education ministry creating transportation computer connections mps speaker parliament nauru.numerous visits president nauru republic strengthen ties cooperation. |
Foreign relations of India | new zealand bilateral relations established india new zealand .india high commission wellington honorary consulate auckland new zealand high commission new delhi along consulate mumbai trade offices new delhi mumbai honorary consulate chennai.india–new zealand relations cordial extensive indian independence.recently new zealand shown interest extending ties india due indias impressive gdp growth.north korea india north korea growing trade diplomatic relations.india maintains fully functioning embassy pyongyang north korea embassy new delhi. |
Foreign relations of India | india said wants reunification korea.papua new guinea india papua new guinea established relations following pngs independence australia.since relations grown two nations.india maintains high commission port moresby papua new guinea maintains high commission new delhi fiscal year trade two nations grew us million.png sent numerous military officers students trained educated indias academies universities respectively. |
Foreign relations of India | recent years india png signed economic partnership agreement allowing india invest pngs infrastructure telecommunications educational institutions.philippines srivijaya majapahit empires hindu influence visible philippine history th th centuries.th century robust trade manila coromandel coast bengal involving philippine exports tobacco silk cotton indigo sugar cane coffee.formal diplomatic relations philippines india established november .first philippine envoy india late foreign secretary narciso ramos.seven years indias independence philippines india signed treaty friendship july manila strengthen friendly relations existing two countries. |
Foreign relations of India | soon philippine legation new delhi established elevated embassy.however due foreign policy differences result bipolar alliance structure cold war development bilateral relations stunted.relations started normalise aditya birla one indias successful industrialists met president ferdinand e. marcos explore possibilities setting joint ventures philippines.today like india philippines leading voiceoperated business process outsourcing bpo source terms revenue us.number people employed sector.partnership philippines india itbpo companies philippines. |
Foreign relations of India | philippinesindia bilateral trade stood us.million .us million.countries aim reach us billion .indians living philippines. |
Foreign relations of India | philippines india signed october framework bilateral cooperation created phindia jcbc.working groups trade agriculture tourism health renewable energy regular policy consultation mechanism security dialogue.samoa countries established diplomatic relations june .singapore india singapore share longstanding cultural commercial strategic relations singapore part greater india cultural commercial region.people indian tamil தமிழ் origin live singapore. |
Foreign relations of India | following independence singapore concerned chinabacked communist threats well domination malaysia indonesia sought close strategic relationship india saw counterbalance chinese influence partner achieving regional security.singapore always important strategic trading post giving india trade access maritime southeast asia far east.although rival positions nations vietnam war cold war caused consternation india singapore relationship expanded significantly singapore one first respond indian look east policy expanding economic cultural strategic ties southeast asia strengthen standing regional power.singapore especially singaporean foreign minister george yeo taken interest reestablishing ancient indian university nalanda university.singapore th largest source investment india largest amongst asean member nations.also indias th biggest trading partner –. |
Foreign relations of India | cumulative investment india totals us billion expected rise us billion us billion .indias economic liberalisation look east policy led major expansion bilateral trade grew usd .billion us – billion – growth span five years – usd billion .singapore accounts indias trade asean member nations .total foreign trade. |
Foreign relations of India | indias main exports singapore included petroleum gemstones jewellery machinery imports singapore included electronic goods organic chemicals metals.half singapores exports india basically reexports – items imported india.south korea cordial relationship two countries extends back ad queen suro princess heo travelled kingdom ayodhya korea.according samguk yusa princess dream heavenly king awaiting heavens anointed ride.princess heo dream asked parents king queen permission set seek man king queen urged belief god orchestrated whole fate. |
Foreign relations of India | upon approval set boat carrying gold silver tea plant stone calmed waters.archeologists discovered stone two fish kissing symbol gaya kingdom unique mishra royal family ayodhya india.royal link provides evidence active commercial engagements india korea since queens arrival korea.current descendants live city kimhae well abroad americas state new jersey kentucky.many became prominent wellknown around world like president kim dae jung prime minister kim jongpil.the relations countries relatively limited although much progress arose three decades. |
Foreign relations of India | since formal establishment diplomatic ties two countries several trade agreements reached.trade two nations increased exponentially exemplified million fiscal year – billion –.asian financial crisis south korean businesses sought increase access global markets began trade investments india.last two presidential visits south korea india embassy works two countries seen needing improvements.recently acknowledgements korean public political spheres expanding relations india major economical political priority south korea. |
Foreign relations of India | much economic investments south korea drained china however south korea currently fifth largest source investment india.times india president roh moohyun voiced opinion cooperation indias software koreas industries would bring efficient successful outcomes.two countries agreed shift focus revision visa policies two countries expansion trade establishment free trade agreement encourage investment two countries.korean companies lg hyundai samsung established manufacturing service facilities india several korean construction companies grants portion many infrastructural building plans india national highway development project.tata motors purchase daewoo commercial vehicles cost million highlights indias investments korea consist mostly subcontracting. |
Foreign relations of India | taiwan india recognized republic chinar.o.c .april india officially recognised peoples republic china p.r.c china continued recognise prcs one china policy island taiwan part chinese territory.however bilateral relations india taiwan improved since despite nations maintaining official diplomatic relations.taiwan india maintains nongovernmental interaction via indiataipei association via taipei economic cultural centre respectively.july indian government appointed top career diplomat joint secretary gourangalal das former head u.s. division indias ministry external affairs new envoy taiwan thailand indias indian look east policy saw india grow relations asean countries including thailand thailands look west policy also saw grow relations india. |
Foreign relations of India | countries members bimstec.indian prime ministers rajiv gandhi p.v.narasimha rao atal bihari vajpayee manmohan singh visited thailand reciprocated contemporary thai prime ministers chatichai choonhavan thaksin sinawatra surayud chulanont.free trade agreement signed two countries.india th largest investor thailand. |
Foreign relations of India | spheres trade chemicals pharmaceuticals textiles nylon tyre cord real estate rayon fibres paper grade pulps steel wires rods.however services manufacturing main spheres.buddhism india culturally influenced thailand.indian epics mahabharata ramayana popular widely taught schools part curriculum thailand.example also seen temples around thailand story ramayana renowned indian folk stories depicted temple wall. |
Foreign relations of India | thailand become big tourist destination indians.moreover india thailand culturally linked centuries india deep influence thai culture.substantial number words thai borrowed sanskrit indias classical language.pali language magadha medium theravada another important root thai vocabulary.buddhism major religion thailand originates india.hindu story ramayana also well known throughout thailand name ramakien. |
Foreign relations of India | vietnam india supported vietnams independence france opposed us involvement vietnam war supported unification vietnam.india established official diplomatic relations maintained friendly relations especially wake vietnams hostile relations peoples republic china become indias strategic rival.india granted favoured nation status vietnam nations signed bilateral trade agreement bilateral investment promotion protection agreement bippa march .fresh joint declaration issued state visit prime minister vietnam nguyen tan dung.bilateral trade increased rapidly since liberalisation economies vietnam india.india thlargest exporter vietnam exports grown steadily us. |
Foreign relations of India | million – usd .million .vietnams exports india rose usd million including agricultural products handicrafts textiles electronics goods.volume bilateral trade expanded – per annum reach billion .continuing rapid pace growth bilateral trade expected rise billion two years ahead official target. |
Foreign relations of India | india vietnam also expanded cooperation information technology education collaboration respective national space programmes.direct air links lax visa regulations established bolster tourism.india vietnam members mekong–ganga cooperation created develop enhance close ties india nations southeast asia.vietnam supported indias bid become permanent member united nations security council join indopacific economic cooperation apec.joint declaration india vietnam envisaged creating arc advantage prosperity southeast asia end vietnam backed important relationship role india association southeast asian nations asean negotiation indo–asean free trade agreement.india vietnam also built strategic partnerships including extensive cooperation developing nuclear power enhancing regional security fighting terrorism transnational crime drug trafficking. |
Foreign relations of India | asean —indias interaction asean cold war limited.india declined get associated asean full membership offered even grouping formed.it formulation look east policy last decade india started giving region due importance foreign policy.india became sectoral dialogue partner asean full dialogue partner member asean regional forum arf summitlevel partner par china japan korea .the first india–asean business summit held new delhi october .prime minister a. b. vajpayee addressed meet since business summit become annual feature india–asean summits forum networking exchange business experiences policy makers business leaders asean india.four indiaasean summits first phnom penh cambodia second bali indonesia third vientiane laos fourth kuala lumpur malaysia taken place.the following agreements entered aseanframework agreement comprehensive economic cooperation establishing fta time frame years concluded bali .an aseanindia joint declaration cooperation combat international terrorism adopted.india acceded treaty amity cooperation tac asean formed initially .agreement indiaasean partnership peace progress shared prosperity signed rd aseanindia summit november .setting entrepreneurship development centres asean member states – cambodia burma laos vietnam.one laos already functionalthe following proposals announced prime minister th aseanindia summitsetting centres english language training elt cambodia laos burma vietnam.setting telemedicine teleeducation network cambodia burma laos vietnam.organising special training courses diplomats asean countries.organising indiaasean technology summit .organising education fairs road shows asean countries.conducting indiaasean ministerial industry forum .the asean region abundance natural resources significant technological skills. |
Foreign relations of India | provide natural base integration asean india trade investment.present level bilateral trade asean nearly us billion reportedly increasing per year.india hopes reach level us billion .india also improving relations help policy decisions like offers lines credit better connectivity air open skies policy rail road links.americancontinent countries indias commonalities developing nations latin america especially brazil mexico continued grow. |
Foreign relations of India | india brazil continue work together reform security council g nations also increased strategic economic cooperation ibsa dialogue forum.process finalizing preferential trade agreement pta mercosur brazil argentina uruguay paraguay itinerary negotiations held chile.brazilian president luiz inácio lula da silva guest honor republic day celebrations new delhi.antigua barbuda countries established diplomatic relations extradition arrangement.argentina formal relations countries first established . |
Foreign relations of India | india embassy buenos aires argentina embassy new delhi.current indian ambassador argentina concurrently accredited uruguay paraguay r viswanathan.according ministry external affairs government india visa agreement argentinefees transit tourist visas abolished.new visa agreement signed argentine presidential visit october agreed fiveyear multientry business visas would given free cost.embassy india buenos aires gives cafe con visa coffee visa argentine visitors.applicants invited coffee visa given immediately. |
Foreign relations of India | praised argentine media public foreign minister himself.barbados india barbados established diplomatic relations november date barbados national independence.date government india gifted barbados throne barbados national house assembly.india represented barbados embassy suriname indian consulate holetown st. james.– indianbased firm eras lucknow medical college hospital established american university barbados aub islands first medical school international students. |
Foreign relations of India | governments barbados india signed joint open skies agreement.today around persons india call barbados home.twothirds indias surat district gujarat known suratis.suratis involved trading.rest mainly sindhis ancestry. |
Foreign relations of India | belize india honorary consulate belize city belize honorary consulate new delhi.bilateral trade stood us.million steadily increased since.belize india engaged dialogue central american integration system sica discussing antiterrorism climate change food security.india signed tax information exchange agreement belize. |
Foreign relations of India | india also provides belize us million part foreign aid commitment sica countries.citizens belize eligible scholarships indian universities indian technical economic cooperation programme indian council cultural relations.the two nations share close cultural link due belizes large east indian population estimated total population.brazil relations brazil india extended diverse areas science technology pharmaceuticals space member nations brics.twoway trade nearly tripled us.billion us. |
Foreign relations of India | billion .india attaches tremendous importance relationship latin american giant hopes see areas cooperation expand coming years.both countries want participation developing countries unsc permanent membership since underlying philosophy unsc democratic legitimate representative – g novel grouping realization.brazil india deeply committed ibsa southsouth cooperation initiatives attach utmost importance trilateral cooperation three large multiethnic multiracial multireligious developing countries bound common principle pluralism democracy.canada indocanadian relations longstanding bilateral relations india canada built upon mutual commitment democracy pluralism peopletopeople links according government canada.bilateral trade india canada c. billion.however botched handling air india investigation case general suffered setback indocanadian relations. |
Foreign relations of India | indias smiling buddha nuclear test led connections two countries frozen allegations india broke terms colombo plan.although jean chrétien roméo leblanc visited india late relations halted pokhranii tests.canadaindia relations upward trajectory since .governments levels privatesector organisations academic institutes two countries peopletopeople contacts—especially diaspora networks—have contributed individual concerted efforts significant improvements bilateral relationship.the two governments agreed important policy frameworks advance bilateral relationship.particular nuclear cooperation agreement signed june current successful negotiations comprehensive economic partnership agreement cepa constitute watershed canadaindia relations.the two governments attempted make lost time eager complete cepa negotiations ensure ratification .conclusion cepa canada india must define areas partnership depend ability convert common interests common action respond effectively steady cooperation. |
Foreign relations of India | example pullaside meetings prime minister manmohan singh stephen harper g summit mexico june earlier meeting toronto external affairs minister s. m. krishna john baird leaders discussed developing comprehensive partnership going beyond food security including possibility tieups energy sector mainly hydrocarbon.colombia countries established diplomatic ties january .since relationship two countries gradually increasing frequent diplomatic visits promote political commercial cultural academic exchanges.colombia currently commercial point entry latin america indian companies.cuba relations india cuba relatively warm. |
Foreign relations of India | nations part nonaligned movement.cuba repeatedly called democratic representation united nations security council supports indias candidacy permanent member reformed security council.fidel castro said maturity india... unconditional adherence principles lay foundation nonaligned movement give us assurances wise leadership indira gandhi former prime minister india nonaligned countries continue advancing inalienable role bastion peace national independence development...india embassy havana capital cuba opened january .particular significance symbolised indian solidarity cuban revolution.india one first countries world recognised new cuban government cuban revolution.cuba embassy new delhi indian capital. |
Foreign relations of India | jamaica relations india jamaica generally cordial close.many cultural political connections inherited british colonial rule membership commonwealth nations parliamentary democracy english language cricket.both nations members nonaligned movement united nations commonwealth jamaica supports indias candidacy permanent membership reformed un security council.during british era indians voluntarily went jobs jamaica west indies.created considerable population people indian origin jamaica.india high commission kingston whilst jamaica consulate new delhi plans upgrade high commission soon.mexico mexico important major economic partner india.nobel prize laureate ambassador india octavio paz wrote book light india analysis indian history culture. |
Foreign relations of India | nations regional powers members g major economies.india embassy mexico city.mexico embassy new delhi.nicaragua bilateral relations india nicaragua limited sica dialogue visits nicaraguan ministers india.india maintains honorary consul general nicaragua concurrently accredited indian embassy panama city nicaragua used maintain embassy india reduced honorary consulate general new delhi.current foreign minister samuel santos lópez visited india sicaindia foreign ministers meeting highlevel talks external affairs minister salman khurshid also expanded bilateral trade two countries reaching total us.million –. |
Foreign relations of India | panama bilateral relations panama india growing steadily reflecting crucial role panama canal plays global trade commerce.moreover indians living panama diplomatic ties considerably increased past decade.the opening expanded canal expected provide new prospects maritime connectivity.seeking rapidly strengthen trade relations flow trade triples two countries india keen leverage transit trade facilities panama access wider market latin america.along pursuing free trade agreement india wants promote investment various sectors panamas economy including banking maritime industry multimodal centre colón free trade zone.paraguay bilateral relations republic india paraguay traditionally strong due strong commercial cultural strategic cooperation. |
Foreign relations of India | india represented paraguay embassy buenos aires argentina.india also honorary consulgeneral asuncion.paraguay opened embassy india .trinidad tobago bilateral relations republic india republic trinidad tobago considerably expanded recent years nations building strategic commercial ties.nations formally established diplomatic relations .both nations part british empire india supported independence trinidad tobago british rule established diplomatic mission – year trinidad tobago officially gained independence. |
Foreign relations of India | possess diverse natural economic resources largest economies respective regions.members commonwealth nations united nations g nonaligned movement nam.the republic india operates high commission port spain whilst republic trinidad tobago operates high commission new delhi.united states america second world war united states president roosevelt gave strong support indian independence movement despite allies britain.relations india united states lukewarm following indian independence india took leading position nonaligned movement received support soviet union.us provided support india war china. |
Foreign relations of India | cold war usa tended warmer relations pakistan primarily way contain sovietfriendly india use pakistan back afghan mujahideen soviet occupation afghanistan.indosoviet treaty friendship cooperation signed also positioned india usa.after sinoindian war indopakistani war india made considerable changes foreign policy.developed close relationship soviet union started receiving massive military equipment financial assistance ussr.adverse effect indous relationship.united states saw pakistan counterweight prosoviet india started giving former military assistance. |
Foreign relations of India | created atmosphere suspicion india us.indous relationship suffered considerable setback soviets took afghanistan india overtly supported soviet union.relations india united states came alltime low early s. despite reports atrocities east pakistan told notably blood telegram genocidal activities perpetrated pakistani forces us.secretary state henry kissinger us president richard nixon nothing discourage pakistani president yahya khan pakistan army.kissinger particularly concerned soviet expansion south asia result treaty friendship recently signed india soviet union sought demonstrate peoples republic china value tacit alliance united states.indopakistani war indian armed forces along mukti bahini succeeded liberating east pakistan soon declared independence. |
Foreign relations of India | nixon feared indian invasion west pakistan would mean total soviet domination region would seriously undermine global position united states regional position americas new tacit ally china.demonstrate china bona fides united states ally direct violation congressimposed sanctions pakistan nixon sent military supplies pakistan routing jordan iran also encouraging china increase arms supplies pakistan.when pakistans defeat eastern sector seemed certain nixon sent uss enterprise bay bengal move deemed indians nuclear threat.enterprise arrived station december .december soviet navy dispatched two groups ships armed nuclear missiles vladivostok trailed us task force indian ocean december january .soviets also sent nuclear submarines ward threat posed uss enterprise indian ocean.though american efforts effect turning tide war incident involving uss enterprise viewed trigger indias subsequent interest developing nuclear weapons. |
Foreign relations of India | american policy towards end war dictated primarily need restrict escalation war western sector prevent dismemberment west pakistan.years war many american writers criticised white house policies war badly flawed illserving interests united states.india carried nuclear tests years later resulting sanctions imposed united states drifting two countries apart.recent years kissinger came fire comments made indopakistan war described indians bastards.kissinger since expressed regret comments. |
Foreign relations of India | cold war since end cold war indiausa relations improved dramatically.largely fostered fact united states india democracies large growing trade relationship.gulf war economy india went extremely difficult phase.government india adopted liberalised economic systems.breakup soviet union india improved diplomatic relations members nato particularly canada france germany. |
Foreign relations of India | india established formal diplomatic relations israel.in recent years indiaunited states relations still improved significantly premiership narendra modi since .pokhran tests reaction india tested nuclear weapons resulted several us japanese european sanctions india.indias defence minister george fernandes said indias nuclear programme necessary provided deterrence potential nuclear threat.sanctions imposed india removed .india categorically stated never use weapons first defend attacked.the economic sanctions imposed united states response indias nuclear tests may appeared least initially seriously damage indoamerican relations. |
Foreign relations of India | president bill clinton imposed wideranging sanctions pursuant nuclear proliferation prevention act.us sanctions indian entities involved nuclear industry opposition international financial institution loans nonhumanitarian assistance projects india.united states encouraged india sign comprehensive nucleartestban treaty ctbt immediately without condition.united states also called restraint missile nuclear testing deployment india pakistan.nonproliferation dialogue initiated nuclear tests bridged many gaps understanding countries. |
Foreign relations of India | venezuela diplomatic relations india venezuela established october .india maintains embassy caracas venezuela maintains embassy new delhi.there several visits heads state government highlevel officials countries.president hugo chávez visited new delhi – march .chávez met indian president apj abdul kalam prime minister manmohan singh.two countries signed six agreements including one establish joint commission promote bilateral relations another cooperation hydrocarbon sector. |
Foreign relations of India | foreign minister nicolás maduro visited india attend first meeting indiacelac troika foreign ministers meeting new delhi august .the election commission india eci national electoral council cne venezuela signed mou visit indian election commissioner v sampath caracas .minister state corporate affairs visited venezuela attend state funeral president chavez march .president prime minister india expressed condolences death chávez.rajya sabha upper house parliament observed minutes silence mark death.ambassador smita purushottam represented india swearingin ceremony chávezs successor nicolás maduro april .citizens venezuela eligible scholarships indian technical economic cooperation programme indian council cultural relations. |
Foreign relations of India | european countries austria austria–india relations refers bilateral ties austria india.indoaustrian relations established may first prime minister india jawaharlal nehru chancellor austria leopold figl.historically indoaustrian ties particularly strong india intervened june austrias favour whilst negotiations going soviet union austrian state treaty.fully functioning indian embassy vienna austrias capital concurrently accredited united nations offices city.austria represented india embassy trade commission new delhi indias capital well honorary consulates mumbai kolkata chennai goa. |
Foreign relations of India | czech republic czechindian relations established consulate bombay.czech republic embassy new delhi.consulates czech republic india chennai mumbai kolkata.india embassy prague.denmark denmark embassy new delhi india embassy copenhagen.tranquebar town southern indian state tamil nadu danish colony india . |
Foreign relations of India | spelled trankebar tranquebar danish comes native tamil tarangambadi meaning place singing waves.sold along danish settlements mainland india notably serampore west bengal great britain .nicobar islands also colonised denmark sold british made part british indian empire.after independence indian prime minister jawaharlal nehrus visit denmark laid foundation friendly relationship india denmark endured ever since.bilateral relations india denmark cordial friendly based synergies political economic academic research fields.periodic high level visits two countries.anders fogh rasmussen former prime minister denmark accompanied large business delegation paid state visit india february . |
Foreign relations of India | visited infosys biocon iim bangalore bangalore agra.launched india action plan called strengthening political dialogue strengthening cooperation trade investments research science technology energy climate environment culture education student exchanges attracting skilled manpower experts denmark short periods.two countries signed agreement establishment bilateral joint commission cooperation.in july government india decided scale diplomatic ties denmark countrys refusal appeal supreme court decision lower court rejecting extradition purulia arms drop case prime accused kim davy a.k.a.niels holck.agitated denmarks refusal act indias repeated requests appeal apex court facilitate davys extradition india government issued circular directing senior officials meet entertain danish diplomat posted india. |
Foreign relations of India | estonia indias first recognition estonia came september former acquired membership league nations.india rerecognised estonia september diplomatic relations established december year helsinki.neither country resident ambassador.estonia represented india embassy new delhi one honorary consulate mumbai .india represented estonia embassy helsinki finland honorary consulate tallinn. |
Foreign relations of India | france adsfrance india established diplomatic relationships soon indias independence british empire .frances indian possessions returned india treaty cession signed two countries may .august india france exchanged instruments ratification france ceded india full sovereignty territories held.pondicherry enclaves karaikal mahe yanam came administered union territory puducherry july .france russia israel countries condemn indias decision go nuclear .france became largest supplier nuclear fuel technology india remains large military economic trade partner. |
Foreign relations of India | indias candidacy permanent membership un security council found strong support former french president nicolas sarkozy.indian governments decisions purchase french scorpèneclass submarines worth us billion airbus aircraft air india worth us.billion cemented strategic military economic cooperation india france.frances decision ban schoolchildren wearing headdresses veils unintended consequence affecting sikh children refused entry public schools.indian government citing historic traditions sikh community requested french authorities review situation exclude sikh children education.president nicolas sarkozy françois hollande visited india january respectively chief guest annual republic day parade new delhi.france first country sign nuclear energy cooperation agreement india done prime minister singhs visit following waiver nuclear suppliers group. |
Foreign relations of India | bastille day celebrations july detachment indian troops marched alongside french troops indian prime minister manmohan singh guest honour.germany cold war india maintained diplomatic relations west germany east germany.since fall berlin wall reunification germany relations improved.germany indias largest trade partner europe.indogerman trade grew volume dropped importance.according indian ministry commerce mx data total trade india germany .billion . |
Foreign relations of India | share indian trade ranked .billion .share indian trade ranked .indian exports germany .billion .ranked .billion .ranked . |
Foreign relations of India | indian imports germany .billion .ranked .billion .ranked .indogerman ties transactional.strategic relationship germany india suffers sustained antiasian sentiment institutionalized discrimination minority groups xenophobic incidents indians germany.mügeln mob attack indians leipzig university internship controversy clouded predominantly commercialoriented relationship two countries. |
Foreign relations of India | stiff competition foreign manufactured goods within indian market seen machinetools automotive parts medical supplies german mittelstand ceding ground hightechnology imports manufactured companies located asean brics countries.volkswagen emissions scandal drew spotlight corrupt behaviour german boardrooms brought back memories hdw bribery scandal surrounding procurement shishumarclass submarines indian navy.indiagermany strategic relationship limited insignificance german geopolitical influence asian affairs.germany strategic footprint asia.germany like india working towards gaining permanent seats united nations security council. |
Foreign relations of India | greece ancient greeks india greek ινδία meant upper indus till time alexander great.afterwards india meant greeks northern half indian subcontinent.greeks referred indians indói greek ἰνδοί literally meaning people indus river.indians called greeks yonas yavanas ionians.indogreek kingdoms founded successor alexander great.greek conquests indiathe periplus erythraean sea manual written greek navigators carried trade roman empire regions including ancient india. |
Foreign relations of India | gives detailed information ports routes commodities.the greek ethnographer explorer hellenistic period megasthenes ambassador seleucus india.work indika greek ινδικά wrote history indians culture.megasthenes also mentioned prehistoric arrival god dionysus herakles megasthenes herakles india.there tangible evidence indicating settlement greek merchants bengal must begun early beginning seventeenth century.dimitrios galanos greek δημήτριος γαλανός – earliest recorded greek indologist.translations sanskrit texts greek made knowledge philosophical religious ideas india available many europeans. |
Foreign relations of India | dimitrios galanos chair hellenic studies established jawaharlal nehru university new delhi india september .in modern time diplomatic relations greece india established may .new greek embassy building new delhi inaugurated february .relation two countries closer ever considered historical strategic parts.iceland iceland india established diplomatic relations .embassy iceland london accredited india embassy india oslo norway accredited iceland. |
Foreign relations of India | however two countries began close diplomatic economic relationships.president iceland ólafur ragnar grímsson visited india diplomatic mission.first visit icelandic president india.visit iceland pledged support new delhis candidature permanent seat united nation security council thus becoming first nordic country so.followed official visit president india a. p. j. abdul kalam iceland may . |
Foreign relations of India | following new embassy iceland opened new delhi february .soon indian navy team visited iceland friendly mission.gunnar pálsson ambassador iceland india.embassys area accreditation apart india includes bangladesh indonesia seychelles singapore sri lanka malaysia maldives mauritius nepal.india appointed s. swaminathan first resident ambassador iceland march .india embassy established reykjavík.iceland embassy established new delhi. |
Foreign relations of India | ireland indoirish relations picked steam respective campaigns independence british empire.political relations two states largely based sociocultural ties although political economic ties also helped build relations.indoirish relations greatly strengthened pandit nehru éamon de valera rabindranath tagore w. b. yeats james joyce annie besant.politically relations cold warm.mutual benefit led economic ties fruitful states. |
Foreign relations of India | visits government leaders kept relations cordial regular intervals.india embassy dublin.republic ireland embassy new delhi.italy india maintains embassy rome consulategeneral milan.italy embassy new delhi consulategenerals mumbai calcutta.indoitalian relations historically cordial.recent times state mirrored political fortunes sonia mainogandhi italianborn leader indian national congress de facto leader upa government manmohan singh.since relationship affected ongoing enrica lexie case two indian fishermen killed indian fishing vessel st. antony result gunshot wounds following confrontation italian oil tanker enrica lexie international waters kerala coast.after period tensions italian prime minister paolo gentiloni visited india met indian counterpart narendra modi held extensive talks order strengthen political cooperation boost bilateral trade.there around people indian origins living italy.around italian citizens reside india mostly working behalf italian industrial groups. |
Foreign relations of India | luxembourg relations established following indias independence.luxembourg operates embassy new delhi whilst india operates consulate general luxembourg city.bilateral trade stood us million trade continues grow every year.diplomats countries visited several time.luxembourg plans host annual asian infrastructure investment bank open economic mission india. |
Foreign relations of India | netherlands india–netherlands relations refer foreign relations india netherlands.india maintains embassy hague netherlands netherlands maintains embassy new delhi consulate general mumbai.countries established diplomatic relations .norway trond giske met minister finance pranab mukherjee save telenors investments put forth norways strong wish must waiting period confiscation telecom licences resale those.leader telenor attended meeting. |
Foreign relations of India | portugal spain diplomatic ties spain started .first spanish embassy established delhi .india spain cordial relationship especially establishment democracy spain .spain main tourist spot indians years.many presidents including prathibha patil visited spain.the royal family spain always liked humble nature indian government thus paid several visits india. |
Foreign relations of India | direct flight india spain changed iberain travels started fly directly mumbai madrid.however stopped months.issue direct flight reconsidered improve ties india spain.zindagi na milegi dobara shot completely spain .tourism ministry spain using movie promote tourism spain india. |
Foreign relations of India | sweden india embassy stockholm also accredited latvia.sweden embassy new delhi also accredited sri lanka nepal bhutan maldives.three honorary consulates chennai kolkata mumbai.ukraine diplomatic relations india ukraine established january .indian embassy kyiv opened may ukraine opened mission new delhi february .consulate general india odessa functioned till closure march .india embassy kyiv.ukraine embassy new delhi honorary consulate mumbai. |
Foreign relations of India | united kingdom uk india high commission london two consulatesgeneral birmingham edinburgh.united kingdom high commission new delhi five deputy high commissions mumbai chennai bangalore hyderabad kolkata.since indias relations united kingdom bilateral well commonwealth nations framework.although sterling area longer exists commonwealth much informal forum india uk still many enduring links.part due significant number people indian origin living uk. |
Foreign relations of India | large south asian population uk results steady travel communication two countries.british raj allowed cultures imbibe tremendously other.english language cricket perhaps two evident british exports whilst uk food indian subcontinent popular.united kingdoms favourite food often reported indian cuisine although official study reports this.economically relationship britain india also strong.india second largest investor britain us. |
Foreign relations of India | britain also one largest investors india.vatican city holy see formal bilateral relations india vatican city existed since june .apostolic delegation existed india .holy see nunciature new delhi whilst india accredited embassy bern switzerland holy see well.indias ambassador bern traditionally accredited holy see.the connections catholic church india traced back apostle st. thomas according tradition came india ce th century patriarch nestorians persia sent bishops india. |
Foreign relations of India | record indian bishop visiting rome early part th century.the diplomatic mission established apostolic delegation east indies included ceylon extended malaca burma eventually included goa .raised internunciature pope pius xii june full apostolic nunciature pope paul vi august .there three papal visits india.first pope visit india pope paul vi visited mumbai attend eucharistic congress.pope john paul ii visited india february november .several indian dignitaries time time called pope vatican. |
Foreign relations of India | include prime minister indira gandhi prime minister i. k. gujral september .atal bihari vajpayee prime minister called pope june official visit italy.vicepresident bhairon singh shekhawat represented country funeral pope john paul ii.european countries european union —india one first countries develop relations european union.joint political statement cooperation agreement foundational agreements bilateral partnership. |
Foreign relations of India | india european union became strategic partners.joint action plan agreed upon updated .indiaeu joint statements published following indiaeuropean union summits.india european commission initiated negotiations broadbased trade investment agreement btia .seven rounds negotiations completed without reaching free trade agreement.according government india trade india eu .billion april october stood . |
Foreign relations of India | billion fiscal period –.the european union indias second largest trading bloc accounting around indian trade gulf cooperation council largest trading bloc almost billion total trade.india european unions th largest trading partner .euindia trade grew €.billion €.billion .france germany uk collectively represent major part euindia trade. |
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