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Ransomware	state maryland original draft hb made felony create ransomware punishable years prison.however provision removed final version bill.a minor japan arrested creating distributing ransomware code.young yung ansi c source code ransomware cryptotrojan online cryptovirology.com since part cryptovirology book written.source code cryptotrojan still live internet isassociated draft chapter .see also references reading young a. yung m. .malicious cryptography exposing cryptovirology.
Ransomware	wiley.isbn .russinovich mark january .hunting killing ransomware.microsoft technet.microsoft.simonite tom february .
Ransomware	holding data hostage perfect internet crime ransomware scareware.mit technology review.brad duncan march .exploit kits cryptowall .. rackspace blog newsroom.archived original september .retrieved april .ransomware rise fbi partners working combat cyber threat.
Ransomware	news.federal bureau investigation.january .yang t. yang y. qian k. lo d.c.t.qian l. tao l. .ieee th international conference high performance computing communications ieee th international symposium cyberspace safety security ieee th international conference embedded software systems.
Ransomware	ieee internet things journal conference august .pp.–.doi.hpcccssicess... isbn .scid .richet jeanloup july .
Ransomware	extortion internet rise cryptoransomware pdf.harvard university.liska allan october .ransomware understand.prevent.recover.
Security guard	recorded future.actualtech media.external links media related ransomware wikimedia commonsincidents ransomware rise – federal bureau investigationvariety hazards waste damaged property unsafe worker behavior criminal activity theft etc.enforcing preventative measures.security guards maintaining highvisibility presence deter illegal inappropriate actions looking either directly patrols indirectly monitoring alarm systems video surveillance cameras signs crime hazards fire taking action minimize damage warning escorting trespassers property reporting incidents clients emergency services police paramedics appropriate.security officers generally uniformed represent lawful authority protect private property.security guards generally governed legal regulations set requirements eligibility e.g.criminal record check permitted authorities security guard given jurisdiction.
Security guard	authorities permitted security guards vary country subnational jurisdiction.security officers hired range organizations including businesses government departments agencies notforprofit organizations e.g.churches charitable organizations.until term watchman commonly applied function usage dating back least middle ages europe form law enforcement private matter.term carried north america interchangeable nightwatchman e.g.security guard terms replaced modern securitybased titles.
Security guard	security officers sometimes regarded fulfilling private policing function.functions duties many security firms proprietary security departments practice detect deter observe report method.security officers required make arrests authority make citizens arrest otherwise act agent law enforcement example request police officer sheriff.a private security officers responsibility protecting client variety hazards usually form criminal acts.security personnel enforce company rules act protect lives property sometimes contractual obligation provide actions.addition basic deterrence security officers often trained perform specialized tasks arrest control including handcuffing restraints operate emergency equipment perform first aid cpr take accurate notes write detailed reports perform tasks required client serving.
Security guard	security officers also required go additional training mandated state carrying weapons batons firearms pepper spray e.g.bureau security investigative services california requirements license item listed must carried duty.officers required complete police certification special duties.the number jobs expected grow u.s. new security jobs expected .recent years due elevated threats terrorism security officers required bombthreat training andor emergency crisis training especially located soft target areas shopping malls schools area general public congregate.one major economic justification security personnel insurance companies particularly fire insurance carriers give substantial rate discounts sites hour presence.
Security guard	high risk highvalue property discount often exceed money spent security program.discounts offered security site increases odds fire noticed reported local fire department total loss occurs.also presence security officers particularly combination effective security procedures tends diminish shrinkage theft employee misconduct safety rule violations property damage even sabotage.many casinos hire security officers protect money transferring casino casinos bank.security personnel may also perform access control building entrances vehicle gates meaning ensure employees visitors display proper passes identification entering facility.security officers called upon respond potential hazards broken lights doors disturbances lost persons minor injuries etc.
Security guard	assist serious emergencies medicals fires crime etc.securing scene prevent loss damage summoning emergency responders incident helping redirect foot traffic safe locations documenting happened incident report give client idea prevent similar situations occurring.armed security officers frequently contracted respond law enforcement given situation client location control andor public authorities arrive scene.patrolling usually large part security officers duties incidents prevented looked instead waiting occur.often patrols logged use guard tour patrol system require regular patrols.recently commonly used form used mechanical clock systems required key manual punching number strip paper inside time preprinted it.
Security guard	recently electronic systems risen popularity due lightweight ease use downloadable logging capabilities.regular patrols however becoming less accepted industry standard provides predictability wouldbe criminal well monotony security officer duty.random patrols easily programmed electronic systems allowing greater freedom movement unpredictability.global positioning systems beginning used effective means tracking officers movements behavior.personnel although security officers differ police officers military personnel federal agentsofficers like australia united states growing proportion security personnel former police military experience including senior management personnel.
Security guard	hand security officers young people particular use job practical experience use applying law enforcement agencies.types personnel companies security personnel classified one followinginhouse proprietary i.e.employed company organization protect mall theme park casino formerly often called works police security police united kingdom.security supervisor meets clients employees necessary ensure client employee satisfaction.scheduler security officer assignment strategic scheduling resulting client satisfaction employee retention cost maintained within district financial plans.human resources manager effective delivery human resources services employment employeelabor relations compensation benefits administration training development workers’ compensation audit compliance.maintains implements corporate policies programs related employment.client service manager promotes financial growth district ensuring client retention security officer retention support development new business.client service supervisor provides security services designated clients resulting customer satisfaction security officer retention financial growth district.provides service large complex area.contract working private security company protects many locations.public security person employed appointed usually armed security officer government government agency.private police officers special police.private patrol officers vehicle patrol officers protect multiple client premises.parapolice aggressive firms routinely engage criminal investigation arrest.industry terms security personnel include security guard security officer security agent safety patrol private police company police security enforcement officer public safety.
Security guard	terms specialized jobs include usher bouncer bodyguards executive protection agent loss prevention alarm responder hospital security officer mall security officer crime prevention officer patrolman private patrol officer private patrol operator.state local governments sometimes regulate use terms law—for example certain words phrases give impression connected way federal government state government political subdivision state government forbidden use california security licensees business professions code section .. terms private homicide police special agent would unlawful security licensee use california.similarly canada various acts specifically prohibits private security personnel using terms probation officer law enforcement police police officer.alberta ontario prohibit use term security officer widespread use united states many decades.recent changes act also introduced restrictions uniform vehicle colours markings make private security personnel clearly distinctive police personnel.sources feel restrictions put place satisfy canadian police association.specialized vip security guard services companies high demand defined ability protect celebrities executives times unrest.
Security guard	marked difference persons performing duties historically associated watchmen persons take active role protecting persons property.former often called guards taught mantra observe report minimally trained expected deal public confront criminals.the latter often highly trained sometimes armed depending contracts agreed upon clientele likely interact general public confront criminal element.employees tend take pride title security officer protection officer disdain label guard.security jobs vary pay duties.sometimes little relationship duties performed compensation example mall security officers exposed serious risks earn less per hour industrial security guards less training responsibility.
Security guard	however positions security role separate titles job itself.roles progressed areas security people needed.term agent confusing security industry describe civil legal relationship employee employer contractor agent owner california pc also describe person government service special agent jones federal bureau investigation.title agent confused bail enforcement agents also known bounty hunters sometimes regulated agencies regulate private security.term agent also used industries banking agents loan agents real estate agents.
Security guard	security agents often employed loss prevention personal executive protection bodyguards roles.typically work plainclothes without uniform usually highly trained act lawfully direct defense life property.security officers private citizens therefore bound laws regulations citizenry contracted serve therefore allowed represent law enforcement penalty law.training police profession training requirements private security industry evolved time.many years security officers poorly chosen poorly trained partly security companies contracted clients private industry paid little security services.part contracts awarded security officer companies competition process final selection often made based cost rather experience professionalism security guard company.
Security guard	changed drastically september radical terrorists attacked united states.event moved corporate threat concerns top priority list security guard contracts started awarded based professionalism.money invested security money became available training security guards.term security professional began surface large private security companies like blackwater usa began offering training services private security industry approached level training provided military.security companies began paying enough attract people significant backgrounds law enforcement military often special operations.
Security guard	australia person conducts business employed securityrelated field within australia required licensed.six states two territories australia separate legislation covers security activities.licensing management stateterritory varied carried either police attorney generals department justice department department consumer affairs.new south wales—police security industry act security industry regulation victoria—police private security act queensland—justice attorneygeneral security providers act south australia—consumer business affairs security investigation agents act western australia—police security related activities control act security related activities control regulations tasmania—police security investigation agents act northern territory—justice private security act private security security officercrowd controllersecurity firmsmiscellaneous matters regulationsaustralian capital territory—regulatory services security industry act security industry regulation legislation intended enhance integrity private security industry.all persons licensed perform security activities required undertake course professional development associated streams recognised nationally.always case introduction requirement expected regulate educational standards knowledge base particular job competently performed.strict requirements laid type uniform badge used security companies.
Security guard	uniforms badges may confused police officer prohibited.also use titles security police private detective unacceptable.term security guard used companies government bodies individuals term security officer deemed suitable.bouncers use title crowd controllers store detectives use title loss prevention asset protection officers.security officers may carry firearms handcuffs batons role requires working appropriate subclass accreditation license.
Security guard	notable security companies sercomss security sis group snp security certis groupwilson securitysecuritasprosegurchubb security utciss securityarmaguard linfox proprietary limited private security trends review trends private security australia conducted tim prenzler karen earle rick sarre published australian institute criminology sought examine size scope private security industry australia help inform efforts develop national consistent standards licensing regimes.the review found industry similar gender profile police female male however security wider older age profile security officers years old police concentrated years.review noted private security outnumbered police two one expected rate would continue slow security technology become readilyaccessible especially cctv camera systems often seen costeffective guardingmobile patrol service.the review referenced report ibisworld indicated four five largest private security companies australia foreignowned accounting .market share time.a report authored anthony bergin donald williams christopher dixon published australian strategic policy institute focused current role private security countering hostile threats.evolving understanding threats resulted private security playing greater part responding critical incidents terrorist attacks.the report provided low end estimate total number licensed security personnel across australia employed fulltime .said security industry nationally characterized highvolume highturnover given conflict highly prescriptive selection process employers regulators seek ensure fit proper people licensed.
Security guard	approximately industry consists casual security officers.in referencing data provided asial report states private security industry annual turnover aud billion split evenly manpower electronics sector.despite various companies amalgamated split continues high rate foreignownership major security providers industry overall however remains split small number national companies large number small specialized businesses.technological advancements regards drones facial recognition robotics expected continue augment private security landscape australia.canada canada private security falls jurisdiction canadas ten provinces three territories.ten canadas provinces one territories yukon legislation regulates contract security industry.eleven jurisdictions require companies provide security guard services employees licensed.
Security guard	provinces canada regulate use handcuffs weapons firearms batons contract security companies employees either banning use completely permitting certain circumstances.additionally provinces terms variations prohibited either uniform selfreference.canadas federal laws also restrict ability security officers armed.example section firearms act makes offense person including security officer possess prohibited restricted firearms i.e.handguns anywhere outside home.two exceptions prohibition found sections act.
Security guard	section deals transportation firearms section deals allowing persons carry firearms persons protect lives lives persons performance occupation armour car guards licensed trappers provided authorization carry atc first obtained.british columbia private security province british columbia governed two pieces legislation security services act security services regulation.laws administered enforced security programs police technology division ministry public safety solicitor general.legislation requires guards must least years old undergo criminal background check successfully complete training course.far weapons british columbia law severely restricts use security officers.
Security guard	section c security services regulation prohibits security personnel carrying using item designed debilitating controlling person animal government interprets include weapons.well section forbids private security using carrying restraints handcuffs unless authorized government.however parts canada armoured car officers permitted carry firearms.past personnel worked contract security security companies regulated british columbia.however september inhouse security officers private investigators came jurisdiction security services act security services regulation.
Security guard	bodyguards bouncers effective november also subject regulations.europe armed private security officers much rarer europe illegal many countries united kingdom netherlands.developing countries host country permission armed security force composed mostly exmilitary personnel often used protect corporate assets particularly wartorn regions.united kingdom sia licenceas requirement private security industry act uk requires contract security officers valid security industry authority licence.the licence must displayed duty although dispensation may granted store detectives bodyguards others need operate without identified security guard.dispensation available vehicle immobilisers.
Security guard	licenses valid three years require holders undergo formal training also pass mandatory criminal records bureau checks.licences vehicle immobilisers valid one year.non sia licencesome people working inhouse security guardsofficers need sia licence.inhouse means directly employed companypeople protecting supermarkets work security company.uk supermarket asda one example directly employ inhouse guards need sia licence work.there two exceptions inhouse guardsdoor supervision licenced premisesvehicle immobilising – applies northern ireland.both need sia licences.unarmed guardingarmed guarding guarding weapon illegal united kingdom almost citizens prohibited carrying firearms pistol offensive weapons baton.
Security guard	banned list includesbatonsincapacitant spray pepper spray oc sprayfirearmstasers stun guns.however guards may carry handcuffs legarm restraints although rare grounds using narrow may wear stabresistant vests cashintransit guards.finland finland contract security officers finnish vartija swedish väktare required valid license granted police.temporary license valid four months normal license five years.license requires minimum hour course temporary license hours normal license.additionally narrow security vetting required.
Security guard	hour course allow guard carry kind special equipment baton handcuffs.guards complete hour course carry these.separate training license required security guard carry pepper spray extendable baton firearm.rehearse weapons usage mandatory every year regulated ministry interior ensure safe handling pepper spray such.firearms carried bodyguards cashintransit guards guarding person object significant terms public interest.
Security guard	finland security guard right detain person redhanded seen committing crime right search detained individual harmful items weapons.individual forcefully detained released police.companies providing security guarding services also required valid license ministry interior.netherlands netherlands security officers beveiligingsbeambte must undergo criminal background check local police department area private security company located.become security guard netherlands person must complete basic training level beveiliger several specialisations airport security harbour security object security mobile surveillance.
Security guard	addition individual courses specialiasations personal security bodyguard private investigator event security officer basic training beveiliger necessary.complete basic level training trainee must undergo threemonth internship private security company company contains security service licensed svpb board controls security exams.trainee guard must pass diploma within one year.trainee pass allowed work anymore completes training positive result.positive result new security id issued valid three years officer must undergo background check local police renew id.
Security guard	security officers netherlands allowed carry kind weapon handcuffs.every uniformed security guard netherlands must v symbol uniform advise public dealing private guard rule mandated ministry justice.security uniforms may look like similar police uniforms may contain kind rank designation.colors yellow gold allowed used dutch police uses gold accents uniforms also wearing uniform cap allowed.every new uniform design addition must approved ministry justice use.
Security guard	patrol vehicle may look like police striped vehicle.private security officers allowed carry firearms work military dutch national bank de nederlandsche bank national gold reserve found.security guards netherlands work specific security company security service within company bedrijfsbeveiligingsdienst.since security business netherlands seen trend evolve hospitality considered prominent priority security services.norway norway security officers called vektere.
Security guard	two different types vektere—the normal uniformed civilclothing officers watch private semipublic properties governmenthired vektere work public places parliament.law provides enforcement powers security officers parliament private security officers.security officers must undergo five weeks training internship.also possible choose security high school major requires two years school two years trainee positions private companies resulting certificate government.certificate makes easier get job slightly higher pay.
Security guard	also makes easier get job elsewhere security industry.certificate also obtained private security officers minimum years working experience.security officer may carry pepper spray batons kind weapon.however handcuffs may used.norges bank bank norway federal reserves armed government guards late disarmed minister finance.
Security guard	security officers serving ships sailing areas high piracy risk may equipped firearms.uniforms resemble police worn attire uniforms do.uniform must text vekter sikkerhet left shirt pocket.a security officer person may detain arrest anyone violates law long violation carries punishment minimum six months imprisonment fine.detainee must released handed authorities within four hours arrest.security officers assigned public transportation trains subways trams buses also powers transportloven transportation law.
Security guard	security officers may issue fixed penalty tickets violation parking regulations designated areas passengers public transportation without valid pass.security officer may search frisk person prevent use confiscate type weapon anything used weapon.security officers vakt servicenokas given extended training limited police authority transport prisoners police holding cells jails courts etc.due outcry police union program scrapped months.in addition normal vektere also special branch ordensvakter normally work bouncers security concerts similar types events.ordensvakter undergo extra week training learn techniques handle drunk people people various drugs.
Security guard	also learn alcohol laws norway rather strict.police local police district must approve ordensvakt.special regulations arose events bouncers bad reputation especially oslo brutal rough people.time police control worked bouncers.government implemented training mandatory policeissued id cards bouncers problems reduced.
Security guard	police oslo report ordensvakter helping police identify crimes otherwise would reported.due high number rapes violent robberies city oslo oslo kommune hired private security company metro garda patrol downtown immigrant areas.patrol positive effect city addition metro garda officers hired officers called bymiljøetaten city environment dep.municipalities norway allowed form police.police force norway national police politiet.in several officers securitas ab company arrested brutality robber apprehended main street oslo.
Security guard	crime captured mobile camera pedestrians created public outcry many objecting way security guards took law hands.later came light thief first attacked security guards approached brutality charges dropped.result episode police said would careful conducting criminal background checks security guards.security guards checked applied job working.security companies also criticized checking criminal records sufficiently cases all.
Security guard	guards working private security must checked annually.police authority withdraw companys licence company submit lists employees police.police norway widely criticized checking guards properly even encounter issue guard guard still work months anything done.security company gs criticized police hiring criminals stated cannot anything problem police ability check guards criminal records.in norwegian media reported offduty police officers home guard soldiers contracts armed employment civilian ships aden bay police leaders planning sanctions use police officers.today around people working private security norway.
Security guard	police around employees total.notable companiesgsinfratekiss formerly personellsikringnokassecuritas hong kong hong kong term security officer refers senior staff member supervises team security personnel.staff work security officers supervision calledsecurity guards.legislation october private security personnel regulated watchmen ordinance chapter .however many problems system regulation—for example restrictions may establish private security service companies provide security services client.also regulation people may perform installation security systems.
Security guard	employers hired caretakers instead security guards avoid responsibilities ordinance formal definition caretakers supposed provide facilities management service although security service provided residential properties takes parts facilities management service.result hong kong government enacted wholly new law security guarding services ordinance chapter replace watchmen ordinance.according security guarding services ordinanceno individual shall agree hold himselfherself available security work another person unless heshe sounder accordance permit orotherwise reward.security work means following activitiesguarding propertyguarding person place purpose preventing detecting occurrence offence replaced s. installing maintaining repairing security devicedesigning particular premises place system incorporating security device.security device means device designed adapted beinstalled premises place except vehicle purposeof detecting recording amended s. occurrence offence orthe presence intruder object persons reasons security permitted bring onto premises place premises place.qualification qualification security guards vary country country.different requirements completed applying job.hong kong applicant wishes apply security personnel permit spp mustheshe living hong kong least years.
Security guard	requirement may changedno criminal record.at least years old submitting hisher application.have passed mandatory hour training course granted certificate course.if applicant years old heshe must submit hisher health examination report.permit security personnel permit separated four types b c d.type permit holder permitted work singleblock residential building allowed carry firearms.age limit.type b permit holder permitted work type properties also allowed carry firearms.maximum age limit permit .type c permit holder permitted work armed guard.usually members cash transport car crew.
Security guard	maximum age limit permit .type permit holder permitted design install repair security devices.maximum age limit.the permit valid five years.holders must renew permit expires lose qualification work permit renewed.the type type b security service gradually combined property management service though boundary two industries unclear.power arrest security guards hong kong special powers arrest ordinary citizen i.e.citizens arrest also known locally arrest power.
Security guard	section criminal procedure ordinance addresses arrest offender private citizen allowed certain circumstances offender attempting arrestable offense.arrested suspect must delivered police office soon possible.arrestable offence defined crime carrying sentence months imprisonment.security personnel allowed search person allowed get personal information people exception specific circumstances.israel israel almost security guards carry firearm primarily prevent terror attacks.
Security guard	security guards common perform entrance checks shopping malls transportation terminals government office buildings many stores.many locations high number visitors jerusalem central bus station employ xray machines check passengers bags places opened visually inspected.since private security guards companies mikud also replaced official security forces checkpoints inside border west bank well crossings gaza.malaysia private security industry regulated ministry home affairs kementerian dalam negeri.private security companies malaysia must minimum employees complete certified security guard training course order receive approval renew private agency license.
Security guard	peninsular malaysia allows use nepalese security guards whereby east malaysian immigration policy allow use foreign workers employed security industry.south africa security guards along rest private security industry regulated act private security industry regulation act.united states private security guards outnumbered police officers since predating heightened concern security brought september attacks.million contract security officers equal number guards estimated work directly u.s. corporations much greater nearly sworn law enforcement officers united states.states require license work security officer.
Security guard	license may include criminal background check mandated training requirements.security guards powers arrest private citizen called private person arrest person arrest citizens arrest.weapons carried additional permits training usually required.armed security personnel generally employed protect sensitive sites government military installations armored money transports casinos banks financial institutions nuclear power plants.however armed security quickly becoming standard vehicle patrol officers many nongovernment sites.the responsibilities security guards united states expanding scope.
Security guard	example trend increasing use private security support services previously provided police departments.james f. pastor addresses substantive legal public policy issues directly indirectly relate provision security services.demonstrated logic alternative supplemental service providers.use private police particular appeal property business owners directly contract public safety services thereby providing welcome relief municipal budgets.finally private police functions flexible depending upon financial organizational political circumstances client.arizona — licensed security companies required provide eight hours preassignment training persons employed security guards employee acts capacity security guard.
Security guard	statemandated curriculum must taught subjects covered must include criminal law laws arrest uniforms grooming communications use force general security procedures crime scene preservation ethics first response.california — security guards required obtain license bureau security investigative services bsis california department consumer affairs.applicants must least years old undergo criminal history background check california department justice doj federal bureau investigation fbi complete hour course required training.required training broken smaller training sections timelines.first hours bsisdesigned instruction powers arrest weapons.within days getting individual officers license must receive hours training various mandatory elective courses.
Security guard	finally within months getting license must receive additional hours training various mandatory elective courses.california security officers also required complete hours annual training securityrelated topics addition initial hours training.training exam may administered private patrol operator large number certified training facilities.training classroom online.new jersey — security personnel employed security officer company provides security services entities contract must undergo state mandated certified training program.law commonly referred sora states effort increase quality security personnel.
Security guard	security personnel employed types businesses require sora certification card.however employed atlantic city casinos required state issued casino employee registration card.new mexico — security guards must undergo fbi background checks certified training program.guards carry firearms must also undergo additional training firearm approved firearms instructor pass psychological exam.security industry regulated new mexico regulation licensing division.new orleans louisiana city new orleans department police accordance new orleans home rule charter section b new orleans municipal code mcs deputizes armed security officers private investigators college campus police city state federal agencies within city limits limited police power new orleans police special officers.new orleans municipal code mcs states shall unlawful person act armed guard unless peace officer.
Security guard	louisiana r.s..b states special officer performing tasks requiring special officers commission shall powers duties peace officer.special officers may make arrest felony misdemeanor offenses property area protect patrol relation direct assignment.special officer making arrest may pat arrested subject weapons.
Security guard	special officers turn arrested subjects pertaining evidence new orleans police officer.special officers honor subpoenas arrest made appear court testify.special officers particular assignment regarded private citizens police power.however special officers still may make arrest felony whether presence particular assignment louisiana law ccrp art.arrest private person lawful.north carolina — security officers north carolina required register become certified private protective services board ppsb private security authority body north carolina department justice.
Security guard	purpose private protective services board administer licensing education training requirements persons firms associations corporations engaged private protective services within north carolina.board totally fee funded staffed departmental employees directed daily basis director appointed attorney general.two classifications officer armed unarmed.unarmed officer required take hour class training instruction become certified armed officer must take additional hours classroom training well qualify gun range firearm carried duty.oklahoma — security officers oklahoma licensed cleet council law enforcement education training.licensed unarmed officer individual must least years age undergo hours classroom training pass criminal history checks.
Security guard	armed guards must years age another hours classroom training qualify firearm pass psychological evaluation.oregon — department public safety standards trainingpennsylvania — licensing requirements unarmed security guard.however anyone carried firearm lethal weapon course scope employment must trained certified agent successfully complete hour training course including shooting range time order certified carry weapons duty lethal weapons training act commonly referred act certification.certification involves completing medical physical exam psychological examination classroom training qualifying pistol range firing rounds ammo larger .acp.agents also required qualify shotgun.certification good five years time eighthour refresher course must taken certification revoked.south carolina — security officers authority power arrest sheriffs deputies property paid protect according attorney general alan wilson considered law enforcement purpose making arrests swearing warrant magistrate.
Security guard	private officers may respond calls service make arrests use blue lights traffic radar.may also specially authorized state law enforcement division sled issue uniform traffic tickets violators.security officers licensed registered appropriate sled one year time.training unarmed officers hours additional hours required security weapons permit concealed security weapons permit.additional hours required documented officers issuing public private tickets well officers using batons pepper spray tasers.st.
Security guard	louis missouri — security officers required licensed st. louis county police department st. louis police department.st. louis county security officer training twoday class yearly renewal class.armed officers must shoot biannually keep armed status.county license called metropolitan license meaning good st. louis city county.st. louis city web site information regarding licensing requirements city county.texas — three types security officer license types state texas.
Security guard	requires certain level training.training licensing regulated department public safetys private security bureau.three types licenses arenon commissioned security officer level iia non commissioned security officer unarmed must wear distinctive dps approved uniform.main purpose type officer phrase associated security observe report.security officer generally good witness.required training level iinon commissioned officer requires hours classroom based training.
Security guard	course may taught licensed company directly new hires.owner qualified manager designee qualified manager may teach course.completion course candidate must pass multiple choice exam.pre requisites course license.background check fbi background check electronic fingerprint imagingrenewal submission renewal fee every two years.required renewal course.commissioned security officer level iii commissioned security officer openly carries handgun may also carry baton chemical dispensing device oc taser etc.
Security guard	commissioned officers also must wear distinct dps approved uniform time conceal weapon duty andor uniform.main purpose type officer actively prevent deter crime.observe report secondary function officer actively protect clients property accordance clients procedures well statefederal law.required training level iiicommissioned officer requires hour level iii course.training license consists classroom based learning defense tactics handcuffing firearms training.completion course candidate must pass firearms proficiency test multiple choice exam.
Security guard	license requires previous level ii course completed first.course may taught licensed level iii instructor working state licensed level iii security training school.background check fbi background check electronic fingerprint imagingrenewal submission renewal fee proof completion hour requalification class taught level iii instructor level iii training school.requalification course requires completion multiple choice exam firearms qualification.done every two years.personal protection officer level iva personal protection officer ppo directly protects life client.ppos license type able wear plain clothes working.
Security guard	ppos plain clothes must conceal firearm also license type able conceal firearm all.level ivpersonal protection officer license tied level iiicommissioned officer license.issue ppo license ppo candidate must applying time already received level iii commissioned security officer license.security officers level iii iv also expiration date regardless date issued.required training level iv personal protection officer requires hours course teaching additional law defense tactics considerations personal protection client oc training.license requires previous level ii level iii courses completed first.
Security guard	course may taught licensed level iv instructor working state licensed level iv security training school.background check fbi background check electronic fingerprint imagingpsychological testing addition training background check ppo must also submit mmpi psychological test administered texas licensed psychologist.renewal submission renewal fee current level iii commissioned officer license pending renewal level iiicommissioned officer license.virginia — since security officers virginia required certified dcjs department criminal justice services agency certifies law enforcement officers.certified unarmed security officer one must go hours classroom training certified instructor order obtain card must done end days hire security company.every two years card must renewed completing inservice certified instructor.certified armed security officer one must complete additional hours firearms training hours training conducting lawful arrest qualification type caliber weapon intend carry.firearms endorsements must renewed annually completing inservice passing firearms qualification.
Security guard	certified armed security officers authorized state code arrest offense committed presence duty location hired protect.unarmed officers arrest powers.also granted authority state law issue summons appear court felonies misdemeanors.virginia also allows security officers attend additional hours training become certified conservators peace special police company employing them.appointment performed circuit court judge wherein officer actually sworn powers police officer property working well lawful duty act upon witnessing felony ability pursue fleeing felons.
Security guard	sworn officers also permitted use sirens red lights.handle ks work dispatchers alarm responders private investigators instructors bounty hunters armored car couriers executive protection specialists categories training regulated dcjs additional training requirements.positions require state police fbi background checks.police security personnel police officers unless security police.security personnel derive powers state provincial laws allow contractual arrangement clients give agent owner powers.
Security guard	includes nearly unlimited power question absence probable cause requirements frequently dog public law enforcement officers.essence security officers keep private property persons safe hazards whereas police officers protect entire communities enforcing laws arresting suspected offenders.jurisdictions commission deputize security officers give limited additional powers particularly employed protecting public property mass transit stations.special case often unique particular jurisdiction locale.additionally security officers may also called upon act agent law enforcement police officer sheriffs deputy etc.
Security guard	immediate need help available backup.some security officers reserve police powers typically employed directly governmental agencies.typically sworn law enforcement personnel whose duties primarily involve security government installation also special case.local state governments occasionally enter special contracts security agencies provide patrol services public areas.personnel sometimes referred private police officers.sometimes police officers work security personnel duty.
Security guard	usually done extra income work particularly done hazardous jobs bodyguard work bouncers outside nightclubs.police called situation warrants higher degree authority act upon reported observations security authority act upon.however states allow licensed security officers full arrest powers equal sheriffs deputy.in law enforcement assistance administrations national advisory commission criminal justice standards goals reportedone massive resource filled significant numbers personnel armed wide array technology directed professionals spent entire adult lifetimes learning prevent reduce crime tapped governments fight criminality.private security industry one million workers sophisticated alarm systems perimeter safeguards armored trucks sophisticated minicomputers thousands highly skilled crime prevention experts offers potential coping crime equalled remedy approach.... underutilized police ignored prosecutors judiciary unknown corrections officials private security professional may person society knowledge effectively prevent crime.in new york city area policeprivate security liaison program organized nypd commissioner four former police chiefs working private security industry promote mutual respect crosstraining sharing crimerelated information public police private security.trends australia private security personnel initially outnumbered police.
Security guard	australian bureau statistics report fulltime security officers security industry compared police officers.since security industry regulation act dropped less half that.united kingdom trend uk time writing march one polarisation.market manned guarding security industry term security guards people familiar diverging toward two opposite extremes one typified highly trained well paid security officer security officers minimum wage minimum training required law.within inhouse sector security personnel subject licensing private security industry act divergence seen companies opting inhouse security maintain control standards others use route cheaper nonregulated security.
Security guard	cases northern ireland security guard service security guards may attested special constables.united states economist robert b. reich book work nations stated united states number private security guards officers comparable number publicly paid police officers.used phenomenon example general withdrawal affluent existing communities governments provide public services.instead wealthy pay provide premium services voluntary exclusive associations.taxpayer resistance limited government budgets demand secure homes gated communities grown trends continued s. aftermath september attacks trend us one quiet transformation role security guards first responders case terrorist attack major disaster.
Security guard	resulted longer guard instruction hours extra training terrorism tactics increased laws governing private security companies states.history vigiles soldiers assigned guard city rome often credited origin security personnel police although principal duty fire brigade.night watchmen since least middle ages europe walled cities ancient times also watchmen.special chair appeared europe sometime late middle ages called watchmans chair unupholstered wooden chair forward slanting seat prevent watchman dozing duty.notable examples june frank wills security guard watergate office complex washington d.c. noticed piece tape covering latch entrance one buildings thereby preventing locking.
Security guard	police wills subsequently notified arrested five men portion building occupied democratic national committee dnc headquarters.following investigations revelations—entirely enabled wills discoveries subsequent actions — ultimately led resignation president richard nixon known watergate scandal considered among largest american political scandals.christoph meili night guard swiss bank became whistleblower .told bank destroying records related funds holocaust victims whose money bank supposed return victims heirs.in security guard pierlucio tinazzi died attempting rescue victims mont blanc tunnel fire.in gary coleman former child actor employed armed security officer permits valid firearm baton bureau security investigative services california los angeles area.shopping bulletresistant vest job coleman assaulted female autograph collector.coleman said felt threatened insistence punched head.richard jewell security officer atlanta georgias centennial olympic park summer olympics wrongly accused centennial olympic park bombing.
Security guard	jewell later cleared charges fact one saved hundreds lives first noticed suspicious package got area evacuated.jewell later successfully sued several news agencies reported criminal prior facts.unionization canada many security guards canada unionized.primary unions represent security guards canada united food commercial workers ufcw local canadian branch united steelworkers usw.contrast legal restrictions united states canadian labour relations boards certify bargaining units security guards canadian labour congress clcaffiliated union union classifications employees.
Security guard	united states june united states congress passed tafthartley act placing many restrictions labor unions.section b act prevents national labor relations board nlrb certifying collective bargaining unit mixes security employees nonsecurity employees.restricts ability security employees join union also represents types employees.may part independent securityonly union affiliated coalition types labor unions american federation labor congress industrial organizations aflcio.union also represents nonsecurity employees may also represent bargain behalf security employees employers consent.
Security guard	two largest security unions security police fire professionals america spfpa united government security officers america ugsoa largest union security officers seiu bj security officers.security police fire professionals america tafthartley restrictions well effect detroit michigan area security guards united auto workers uaw amalgamated local forced break away start separate plant guards organizing committee.nlrb ruled affiliate cio committee indirectly affiliated production unions therefore ineligible certification new restrictions.committee forced completely withdraw cio start independent united plant guard workers america.union evolved include many types security officers changed name spfpa.
Industrial internet of things	united government security officers america ugsoa formed.specializes organizing federal state local government security officers since may open representing types security personnel well.others service employees international union seiu also sought represent security employees although efforts complicated taftharley act seiu also represents janitors trash collectors building service employees.see also references external linksconnectivity allows data collection exchange analysis potentially facilitating improvements productivity efficiency well economic benefits.iiot evolution distributed control system dcs allows higher degree automation using cloud computing refine optimize process controls.overview iiot enabled technologies cybersecurity cloud computing edge computing mobile technologies machinetomachine printing advanced robotics big data internet things rfid technology cognitive computing.five important ones described belowcyberphysical systems cps basic technology platform iot iiot therefore main enabler connect physical machines previously disconnected.cps integrates dynamics physical process software communication providing abstractions modeling design analysis techniques.cloud computing cloud computing services resources uploaded retrieved internet opposed direct connection server.
Industrial internet of things	files kept cloudbased storage systems rather local storage devices.edge computing distributed computing paradigm brings computer data storage closer location needed.contrast cloud computing edge computing refers decentralized data processing edge network.industrial internet requires edgepluscloud architecture rather one based purely centralized cloud order transform productivity products services industrial world.big data analytics big data analytics process examining large varied data sets big data.artificial intelligence machine learning artificial intelligence ai field within computer science intelligent machines created work react like humans.machine learning core part ai allowing software accurately predict outcomes without explicitly programmed.also possible combine artificial intelligence edge computing order provide industrial edge intelligence solutions.
Industrial internet of things	architecture iiot systems usually conceived layered modular architecture digital technology.device layer refers physical components cps sensors machines.network layer consists physical network buses cloud computing communication protocols aggregate transport data service layer consists applications manipulate combine data information displayed driver dashboard.topmost stratum stack content layer user interface.history history iiot begins invention programmable logic controller plc dick morley used general motors automatic transmission manufacturing division.
Industrial internet of things	plcs allowed fine control individual elements manufacturing chain.honeywell yokogawa introduced worlds first dcss tdc centum system respectively.dcss next step allowing flexible process control throughout plant added benefit backup redundancies distributing control across entire system eliminating singular point failure central control room.with introduction ethernet people began explore concept network smart devices early modified coke machine carnegie mellon university became first internetconnected appliance able report inventory whether newly loaded drinks cold.early greater industrial applications envisioned reza raji described concept ieee spectrum moving small packets data large set nodes integrate automate everything home appliances entire factories.the concept internet things first became popular autoid center mit related marketanalysis publications.radiofrequency identification rfid seen kevin ashton one founders original autoid center prerequisite internet things point.
Industrial internet of things	objects people daily life equipped identifiers computers could manage inventory them.besides using rfid tagging things may achieved technologies near field communication barcodes qr codes digital watermarking.the current conception iiot arose emergence cloud technology allows storage data examine historical trends development opc unified architecture protocol enabled secure remote communications devices programs data sources without need human intervention interfaces.one first consequences implementing industrial internet things equipping objects minuscule identifying devices machinereadable identifiers would create instant ceaseless inventory control.another benefit implementing iiot system ability create digital twin system.using digital twin allows optimization system allowing experimentation new data cloud without halt production sacrifice safety new processes refined virtually ready implemented.digital twin also serve training ground new employees wont worry real impacts live system.
Industrial internet of things	standards frameworks iot frameworks help support interaction things allow complex structures like distributed computing development distributed applications.ibm announced cognitive iot combines traditional iot machine intelligence learning contextual information industryspecific models natural language processing.the xmpp standards foundation xsf creating framework called chatty things fully open vendorindependent standard using xmpp provide distributed scalable secure infrastructure.rest scalable architecture allows things communicate hypertext transfer protocol easily adopted iot applications provide communication thing central web server.mqtt publishsubscribe architecture top tcpip allows bidirectional communication thing mqtt broker.nodered opensource software designed ibm connect apis hardware online services.opc series standards designed opc foundation connect computer systems automated devices.the industrial internet consortiums iic industrial internet reference architecture iira german industry .independent efforts create defined standard iiotenabled facilities.application industries term industrial internet things often encountered manufacturing industries referring industrial subset iot.potential benefits industrial internet things include improved productivity analytics transformation workplace.potential growth implementing iiot predicted generate trillion global gdp .while connectivity data acquisition imperative iiot end goals rather foundation path something bigger.
Industrial internet of things	technologies predictive maintenance easier” application applicable existing assets management systems.intelligent maintenance systems reduce unexpected downtime increase productivity projected save scheduled repairs reduce overall maintenance costs eliminate breakdowns according studies.cyberphysical systems cps core technology industrial big data interface human cyber world.integration sensing actuation systems connected internet optimize energy consumption whole.expected iot devices integrated forms energy consuming devices switches power outlets bulbs televisions etc.able communicate utility supply company order effectively balance power generation energy usage.
Industrial internet of things	besides home based energy management iiot especially relevant smart grid since provides systems gather act energy powerrelated information automated fashion goal improve efficiency reliability economics sustainability production distribution electricity.using advanced metering infrastructure ami devices connected internet backbone electric utilities collect data enduser connections also manage distribution automation devices like transformers reclosers.as realworld applications include incorporating smart leds direct shoppers empty parking spaces highlight shifting traffic patterns using sensors water purifiers alert managers via computer smartphone replace parts attaching rfid tags safety gear track personnel ensure safety embedding computers power tools record track torque level individual tightenings collecting data multiple systems enable simulation new processes.automotive industry using iiot car manufacturing implies digitalization elements production.software machines humans interconnected enabling suppliers manufacturers rapidly respond changing standards.iiot enables efficient costeffective production moving data customers companys systems individual sections production process.
Industrial internet of things	iiot new tools functionalities included manufacturing process.example printers simplify way shaping pressing tools printing shape directly steel granulate.tools enable new possibilities designing high precision.customization vehicles also enabled iiot due modularity connectivity technology.past worked separately iiot enables humans robots cooperate.
Industrial internet of things	robots take heavy repetitive activities manufacturing cycles quicker vehicle comes market rapidly.factories quickly identify potential maintenance issues lead downtime many moving hour production plant due higher security efficiency.majority automotive manufacturers companies production plants different countries different components vehicle built.iiot makes possible connect production plants creating possibility move within facilities.big data visually monitored enables companies respond faster fluctuations production demand.
Industrial internet of things	oil gas industry iiot support large amounts raw data stored sent drilling gear research stations cloud storage analysis.iiot technologies oil gas industry capability connect machines devices sensors people interconnectivity help companies better address fluctuations demand pricing address cybersecurity minimize environmental impact.across supply chain iiot improve maintenance process overall safety connectivity.drones used detect possible oil gas leaks early stage locations difficult reach e.g.offshore.also used identify weak spots complex networks pipelines builtin thermal imaging systems.
Industrial internet of things	increased connectivity data integration communication help companies adjusting production levels based realtime data inventory storage distribution pace forecasted demand.example deloitte report states implementing iiot solution integrating data multiple internal external sources work management system control center pipeline attributes risk scores inline inspection findings planned assessments leak history thousands miles pipes monitored realtime.allows monitoring pipeline threats improving risk management providing situational awareness.benefits also apply specific processes oil gas industry.exploration process oil gas done precisely models built seismic imaging.models map fluctuations oil reserves gas levels strive point exact quantity resources needed forecast lifespan wells.
Industrial internet of things	application smart sensors automated drillers gives companies opportunity monitor produce efficiently.storing process also improved implementation iiot collecting analyzing realtime data monitor inventory levels temperature control.iiot enhance transportation process oil gas implementing smart sensors thermal detectors give realtime geolocation data monitor products safety reasons.smart sensors monitor refinery processes enhance safety.demand products forecasted precisely automatically communicated refineries production plants adjust production levels.
Industrial internet of things	agriculture industry agriculture industry iiot helps farmers make decisions harvest.sensors collect data soil weather conditions propose schedules fertilizing irrigating.livestock farms implant microchips animals.allows farmers trace animals also pull information lineage weight health.security iiot expands new security concerns arise it.
Industrial internet of things	every new device component connects iiot become potential liability.gartner estimates recognized attacks enterprises involve iotconnected systems despite accounting less security budgets.existing cybersecurity measures vastly inferior internetconnected devices compared traditional computer counterparts allow hijacked ddosbased attacks botnets like mirai.another possibility infection internetconnected industrial controllers like case stuxnet without need physical access system spread worm.additionally iiotenabled devices allow “traditional” forms cybercrime case target data breach information stolen hackers gained access targets networks via credentials stolen third party hvac vendor.pharmaceutical manufacturing industry slow adopt iiot advances security concerns these.
Automattic	one difficulties providing security solutions iiot applications fragmented nature hardware.consequently security architectures turning towards designs softwarebased deviceagnostic.hardwarebased approaches like use data diodes often used connecting critical infrastructure.see also internet things referencescompanys name play founder matt mullenwegs first name.automattic raised us million six funding rounds.last round us million closed february .subsequent private stock buyback valued company us.billion.the company employees october .remote working culture topic participative journalism project scott berkun resulting book year without pants wordpress.com future work.ceo matt mullenweg allows company employees work wherever want whenever want.
Automattic	history january announced toni schneider would leaving yahoo become ceo automattic.previously ceo oddpost acquired yahoo continued senior executive.in april automattics regulation filing showed raised approximately .million funding mullenweg addressed blog.investors polaris ventures true ventures radar partners.on october automattic acquired gravatar.on september automattic announced acquiring intensedebate.two months later november automattic acquired polldaddy.on september automattic gave wordpress trademark control bbpress buddypress wordpress foundation.on april automattic acquired longreads.on may automattic announced acquisition woothemes including flagship product woocommerce.on november automattic via subsidiary company knock knock whois managed launch later development .blog gtld becoming domain registrars.in automattic announced would close san francisco office served optional coworking space employees alongside similar spaces near portland maine cape town south africa.on june automattic acquired atavist magazine.on may automattic acquired prospress provided number popular woocommerce extensions tools.on august automattic acquired tumblr verizon media.on august automattic acquired zero bs crm rebranded year later jetpack crm.on september automattic announced series funding round million salesforce bringing postmoney valuation company billion.on february automattic acquired content analytics platform parse.ly wpvip founder matt mullenweg announced blog.on june automattic acquired journaling app day one.on july automattic acquired podcasts app pocket casts.
Android SDK	projects projects includeafter deadline – online proofreading tool built wordpress.com jetpackatavist – multimedia publishing platformakismet – anticomment spam system capable integration many blogging platforms forumsbbpress – forum softwareblo.gs – rss feed aggregatorbuddypress – social networking plugin suitecloudup – file sharing applicationcrowdsignal formerly polldaddy – polls survey toolsglotpress – collaborative translation toolgravatar – globally recognized avatarshappytools resource planning softwareintensedebate – blog comment hosting service launched private beta january cofounders jon fox isaac keyet josh morgan launched open beta october .september automattic announced acquisition intensedebates properties returned private beta november year.intensedebate selected part first class techstars boulder coloradobased startup acceleratorjetpack wordpress plugin providing range basic services backup speed stats etc.longreads – original reporting journalism aggregatormongoose odm – mongodb object modeling node.jspocket casts – app listening podcasts ios androidposter – blogging app iospingomatic – pinging servicesimplenote – notetaking sync service acquired automattic later opensourcedscroll kit – codefree web design tooltumblr microblogging platformvaultpress – backup security service wordpress sitesvideopress – hosted hd video wordpress siteswoocommerce – ecommerce plugin wordpress marketplace extensionswpvip – enterprise wordpress hosting support consulting references external links media related automattic wikimedia commonsofficial websiteautomattic companies grouped opencorporatesinclude debugger libraries handset emulator based qemu documentation sample code tutorials.currently supported development platforms include computers running linux modern desktop linux distribution mac os x .. later windows later.march sdk available android software development possible using specialized android applications.until around end officiallysupported integrated development environment ide eclipse using android development tools adt plugin.android studio official ide however developers free use others google made clear adt officially deprecated since end focus android studio official android ide.additionally developers may use text editor edit java xml files use command line tools java development kit apache ant required create build debug android applications well control attached android devices e.g.
Android SDK	triggering reboot installing software packages remotely.enhancements androids sdk go handinhand overall android platform development.sdk also supports older versions android platform case developers wish target applications older devices.development tools downloadable components one downloaded latest version platform older platforms tools also downloaded compatibility testing.android applications packaged .apk format stored dataapp folder android os folder accessible root user security reasons.apk package contains .dex files compiled byte code files called dalvik executables resource files etc.android sdk platform tools android sdk platform tools separately downloadable subset full sdk consisting commandline tools adb fastboot.
Total cost of ownership	security security issues found .referencesmanagement accounting concept used full cost accounting even ecological economics includes social costs.for manufacturing tco typically compared business overseas goes beyond initial manufacturing cycle time cost make parts.tco includes variety cost business items example ship reship opportunity costs also considers incentives developed alternative approach.incentives variables include tax credits common language expedited delivery customeroriented supplier visits.use concept tco incorporated financial benefit analysis provides cost basis determining total economic value investment.examples include return investment internal rate return economic value added return information technology rapid economic justification.a tco analysis includes total cost acquisition operating costs well costs related replacement upgrades end life cycle.
Total cost of ownership	tco analysis used gauge viability capital investment.enterprise may use productprocess comparison tool.also used credit markets financing agencies.tco directly relates enterprises asset andor related systems total costs across projects processes thus giving picture profitability time.computer software industries tco analysis popularized gartner group .
Total cost of ownership	roots concept date least back first quarter twentieth century.many different methodologies software tools developed analyze tco various operational contexts.tco applied analysis information technology products seeking quantify financial impact deploying product life cycle.technologies include software hardware training.technology deployment include following part tcocomputer hardware programsnetwork hardware softwareserver hardware softwareworkstation hardware softwareinstallation integration hardware softwarepurchasing researchwarranties licenseslicense trackingcompliancemigration expensesrisks susceptibility vulnerabilities availability upgrades patches future licensing policies etc.operation expensesinfrastructure floor spaceelectricity related equipment cooling backup powertesting costsdowntime outage failure expensesdiminished performance i.e.users wait diminished moneymaking abilitysecurity including breaches loss reputation recovery preventionbackup recovery processtechnologyuser trainingaudit internal externalinsuranceinformation technology personnelcorporate management timelong term expensesreplacementfuture upgrade scalability expensesdecommissioningin case comparing tco existing versus proposed solutions consideration put toward costs required maintain existing solution may necessarily required proposed solution.examples include cost manual processing required support lack existing automation extended support personnel.

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