sentence1 stringlengths 1 133k | sentence2 stringlengths 1 131k |
|---|---|
which is considered to be the source of infected animals brought from Syria. The Arab army is forced to suspend its military operations. According to Syrian sources, the plague in Syria lasted another two years. Europe Wittiza, son of King Ergica, becomes co-ruler of the Visigoth Kingdom in Hispania (approximate date).... | Samosata (modern Turkey). Outbreak of bubonic plague in Constantinople, Syria and Mesopotamia. Theophanes the Confessor reports that the plague lasted four months and describes a large number of deaths in Constantinople. Emperor Leontios orders to destroy a market in the Neorion cargo port of Constantinople, where anim... |
from January 1, 1440, to December | 1440s decade ran from January 1, 1440, |
decade ran from January | decade ran from January 1, 1420, to |
to December 31, 1419. Significant people | 1410, to December 31, 1419. |
of Langye), with Fuzhou (known as Changle) as its capital. Wang Shenzhi tries to attract scholars who will help to construct an efficient bureaucracy and tax system. Battle of Jisu - the warlord brothers Liu Shouguang and Liu Shouwen fight with Liu Shouguang emerging victorious Mesoamerica The last Long Count date is i... | on a monument at the Mayan site of Toniná (modern-day Chiapas, Mexico), marking the end of the Classic Maya Period. By topic Religion Asser, bishop of Sherborne, dies. His See is divided, there are new Bishoprics created at Wells, Crediton, Ramsbury and Sonning. Births Æthelwold, bishop of Winchester (or 904) December ... |
mausoleum, within the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople. Europe October – Siege of Paris: Count Odo slips through Viking-controlled territory, to ask the West Frankish King Charles the Fat for support. He returns with a relief force, and reaches safety within the walls. Charles arrives later with a large ar... | hands the town over to his son-in-law Æthelred, lord of Mercia. A street system is planned out in the town, with boundaries of 1,100 yards from east to west, and around 330 yards from north to south. King Alfred receives the formal submission of all of the citizens of England not under Viking rule, and adopts the title... |
Reading: A West Saxon force, under the command of King Æthelred I and his brother Alfred, is defeated by the Danes at Reading. Among the many dead on both sides is Æthelwulf. The Saxon troops are forced to retreat, allowing the Vikings to continue their advance into Wessex. January 8 – Battle of Ashdown: The West Saxon... | them Danegeld, each ruling parts of England. May – Battle of Wilton: Alfred the Great is defeated by the Danes at Wilton (along the southern side of the River Wylye), leaving him in retreat for several years. Alfred makes Winchester his residence. The Danish armies colonize areas of north, central and eastern England, ... |
They occupy Caithness, Sutherland, Ross and Moray, far to the north. Danish Vikings, probably led by Halfdan Ragnarsson, invade Dublin. During the fighting, Eystein Olafsson, king of Dublin, is killed. Donyarth, the last recorded king of Cornwall, drowns in what is thought to be the River Fowey. Arabian Empire Fall – A... | to Baghdad on the strategic Silk Road. Asia King Jayavarman III founds a new dynasty at Indrapura (Quảng Nam) in Champa, in the central region of modern-day Vietnam. He initiates a building program in the Dong Duong Style. By topic Religion The construction of the Great Mosque of Kairouan is completed by Ibrahim II. He... |
Byzantine stronghold Singidunum (modern Belgrade) from the Avars. By counter-invading their homelands on the Balkans, Byzantine troops increase their pay by pillaging in hostile territory. Europe January 28 – King Guntram, age 59, dies after a 31-year reign, and is succeeded by his nephew Childebert II, who becomes rul... | method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Byzantine Empire Emperor Maurice regains the Byzantine stronghold Singidunum (modern Belgrade) from the Avars. By counter-invading their homelands on the Balkans, Byzantine troops increase their pay by pillaging in hostile territory. Europe January 28 – King Guntram, a... |
the Slavic tribes and Gepids on Byzantine territory south of the Danube. He crosses the river to fight in the uncharted swamps and forests of modern-day Wallachia. Autumn – Emperor Maurice orders Priscus to spend the winter with his troops on the northern Danube bank, but he disobeys the emperor's order and retreats to... | His accession possibly involves dynastic rivalry and the exile of Hussa's relatives. Pybba succeeds his father Creoda as king of Mercia (approximate date). Persia The Persian usurper Hormizd V (who rises temporarily to power) is defeated by King Khosrau II. Asia Empress Suiko begins a long reign during a pivotal period... |
from the Fujiwara family. He takes the name Tenmu, and begins a reign that will continue until 686. Americas As part of the Second Tikal-Calakmul War, B'alaj Chan K'awiil is again forced to abandon Dos Pilas, after it is attacked by an insurgency led by Nuun Ujol Chaak against Calakmul. By topic Literature Cædmon, Angl... | which he has lost much of his territory to Welsh and Mercian forces. He is succeeded by his widow Seaxburh. His sub-kings divide Wessex amongst themselves (approximate date). Asia January 7 – Emperor Tenji dies after a 10-year reign, in which he has given the Fujiwara clan its name. Following his death, there ensues a ... |
for naming years. Events By place Europe Paolo Lucio Anafesto is elected the first Doge of Venice, which begins its rise as a major power in the Mediterranean Sea. Built up from fishing villages settled by fugitives from the Huns (see 452), the city of Venice occupies some 60 marshy islands (Venetian Lagoon). Radbod, k... | period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Europe Paolo Lucio Anafesto is elected the first Doge of Venice, which begins its rise as a major power in the Mediterranean Sea. Built up from fishing villages settled by fugitives from the Huns (see 452),... |
penetrate deep into Anatolia and conquer the cities of Antalya, Doralyum and Afyonkarahisar. These conquests differ from previous ones, as Arab military settling occurs in them, making them a base to raid Byzantium. Europe Duke Eudes of Aquitaine, aged almost 80, abdicates and retires to a monastery. His lands are divi... | Wars: Arab forces under Mu’awiya ibn Hisham penetrate deep into Anatolia and conquer the cities of Antalya, Doralyum and Afyonkarahisar. These conquests differ from previous ones, as Arab military settling occurs in them, making them a base to raid Byzantium. Europe Duke Eudes of Aquitaine, aged almost 80, abdicates an... |
unknown The Siege of Rostock ends. Stefan Milutin of Serbia founds the Banjska Monastery. Wang Zhen, Chinese Yuan dynasty agronomist, government official, and inventor of wooden-based movable type printing, publishes the Nong Shu (Book of Agriculture). Mansa Musa takes power in Mali. Births February 9 – Maria of Portug... | Philip IV of France May 11 – Robert Winchelsey, Christian theologian, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1245) August 24 – Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1273) September 3 – Anna of Bohemia (b. 1290) September 13 – Notburga, Austrian saint (b. 1265) September 26 – Gottfried von Hagenau, Alsatian theologian, medical doctor... |
covered bridge. The Venetian historian Marino Sanudo Torsello publishes his History of the realm of Romania (Istoria del regno di Romania), one of the most important sources on the history of Latin Greece. Births date unknown Kan'ami, Japanese noh actor and writer (d. 1384) Helena Kantakouzene, empress consort of Byzan... | until 1337) breaks out in China, killing six million. A great famine takes place in Southern Europe. It is known to historians of Catalonia as Lo mal any primer, "the First Bad Year" (equivalent to the Great Famine of 1315–1317 further north), an early notice of the catastrophes of the second half of this century. Jan ... |
1382) date unknown Hamidüddin Aksarayî, Ottoman teacher of Islam (d. 1412) Blanche d'Évreux, queen consort of France (d. 1398) Michael Palaiologos, Byzantine prince probable – Salvestro de' Medici, provost of Florence (d. 1388) Deaths January 14 – Odoric of Pordenone, Italian explorer April 17 – Robert de Vere, 6th Ear... | Islam (d. 1412) Blanche d'Évreux, queen consort of France (d. 1398) Michael Palaiologos, Byzantine prince probable – Salvestro de' Medici, provost of Florence (d. 1388) Deaths January 14 – Odoric of Pordenone, Italian explorer April 17 – Robert de Vere, 6th Earl of Oxford (b. c. 1257) May 12 – Engelbert of Admont, abbo... |
the Ashikaga Pretenders to the Northern Court of Japan, begins. Births April 9 – Timur, founder of the Timurid Empire (d. 1405) July 25 – Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1404) date unknown Gao Qi, Chinese poet (d. 1374) Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev (died 1406) probable Stefan Uroš V, Emperor of the Serbs (d. 1371) Death... | The Ascent of Mount Ventoux is made by the Italian poet Petrarch: he claims to be the first since classical antiquity to climb a mountain for the view. May 19 – The governor of Baghdad, Oirat 'Ali Padsah, defeats Arpa Ke'un near Maraga, contributing to the disintegration of the Ilkhanate. July 4 – Battle of Minatogawa:... |
Scottish Independence - Battle of Old Byland: Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats English troops in North Yorkshire. Births January 11 – Emperor Kōmyō of Japan (d. 1380) February 12 – John Henry, Margrave of Moravia (d. 1375) June 24 – Joanna, Duchess of Brabant (d. 1406) date unknown Blessed Imelda Lambertini, Italia... | Battle of Old Byland: Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats English troops in North Yorkshire. Births January 11 – Emperor Kōmyō of Japan (d. 1380) February 12 – John Henry, Margrave of Moravia (d. 1375) June 24 – Joanna, Duchess of Brabant (d. 1406) date unknown Blessed Imelda Lambertini, Italian patroness of First Com... |
month later (on February 25). March 8 – Póvoa de Varzim (then Varazim), Portugal gains a foral from Denis of Portugal. April 15 – Abu Hammu I ascends to the throne of the Kingdom of Tlemcen after the death of his brother Abu-I Zayyan. November 27 – Henry VII, King of Germany, is elected Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire... | of the Holy Roman Empire. December 28 – Emperor Hanazono ascends to the throne of Japan. Date unknown The Capet-Anjou family begins to rule Hungary. The Sultanate of Rûm ends. King Philip IV of France purchases the Hôtel de Nesle, and builds one of the earliest indoor tennis courts there. approx. date – Dante Alighieri... |
to cede Samogitia to the Knights. October 14 – King Taejo of Joseon abdicates the throne of the Joseon dynasty in modern-day Korea, following the murder of his heir Yi Bangsuk, during a coup by Yi's older half-brother, Yi Bang-won, in The First Strife Of Princes. Taejo's eldest son Jeongjong succeeds to the throne. Nov... | King Richard II of England exiles his cousin Henry Bolingbroke (the future Henry IV of England) for 10 years, in order to end Henry's feud with Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, who is also exiled. As France withdraws its support for Antipope Benedict XIII, an army led by Geoffrey Boucicaut occupies Avignon, and ... |
Date unknown Autumn – Battle of Adramyttion: A Christian league defeats the fleet of the Turkish Beylik of Karasi. Births January 4 – Amadeus VI of Savoy (d. 1383) January 13 – King Henry II of Castile (d. 1379) May 25 – Emperor Sukō (d. 1398) August 30 – King Pedro of Castile (d. 1369) date unknown King James I of Cyp... | 25 – Emperor Sukō (d. 1398) August 30 – King Pedro of Castile (d. 1369) date unknown King James I of Cyprus (d. 1398) Margaret Graham, Countess of Menteith, Scottish noble (d. c. 1380) Hayam Wuruk, Javanese ruler (d. 1389) Deaths January 17 – John of Brittany, Earl of Richmond (b. c. 1266) December 4 – Pope John XXII (... |
Iron Cannon Affair, about the destructive use of gunpowder and the cannon. The sultan of Delhi Muhammad bin Tughluq chooses Ibn Battuta to lead a diplomatic mission to Yuan Dynasty China. The great flood in the river Periyar in modern-day southern India leads to the river changing its course, the closing of Muziris, th... | Kantakouzenos and the regency for the infant John V Palaiologos) breaks out. Date unknown The Breton War of Succession begins, over the control of the Duchy of Brittany. Margarete Maultasch, Countess of Tyrol, expels her husband John Henry of Bohemia, to whom she had been married as a child. She subsequently marries Lo... |
state religion. King Gongmin ascends the throne in Goryeo. Emperor Go-Kōgon of Japan succeeds Emperor Sukō, making them the third and fourth of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders, respectively. The Statute of Laborers is enacted by the Parliament of England, to deal with a labor shortage caused by the Black Death. Vantaa... | ascends the throne in Goryeo. Emperor Go-Kōgon of Japan succeeds Emperor Sukō, making them the third and fourth of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders, respectively. The Statute of Laborers is enacted by the Parliament of England, to deal with a labor shortage caused by the Black Death. Vantaa, Finland is first mentioned.... |
London April 24 – Theodore I, Marquess of Montferrat (b. c. 1270) May – John Wishart, Scottish bishop May 5 – Prince Tsunenaga, son of the Japanese Emperor (b. 1324) May 23 – Alice de Warenne, Countess of Arundel, English noble (b. 1287) June 10 – Kitabatake Akiie, Japanese governor (b. 1318; d. in battle) July – Muham... | of shōgun by the emperor of Japan, starting the Ashikaga Shogunate. Nicomedia is captured by the Ottoman Empire. Births January 13 – Jeong Mong-ju, Korean civil minister, diplomat and scholar (d. 1392) January 21 – Charles V of France (d. 1380) February 3 – Joanna of Bourbon, queen consort of France (d. 1378) March 23 ... |
rest of his life. June 24 – The illness dancing mania begins in Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), possibly due to ergotism. October 27 – King Gongmin of Goryeo is assassinated and succeeded by U of Goryeo on the throne of Goryeo (in modern-day Korea). November 25 – James of Baux succeeds his uncle, Philip II, as Prince of Tara... | November 25 – James of Baux succeeds his uncle, Philip II, as Prince of Taranto (modern-day eastern Italy) and titular ruler of the Latin Empire (northern Greece and western Turkey). Date unknown Rao Biram Dev succeeds Rao Kanhadev as ruler of Marwar (the modern-day Jodhpur district of India). Shaikh Hasan Jalayir succ... |
the administration of Aquitaine and returns to England, because of his poor health and heavy debts. February 17 – Rival brothers Ivan Sratsimir and Ivan Shishman become co-Emperors of Bulgaria, after the death of their father, Ivan Alexander. Bulgaria is weakened by the split. February 22 – Robert II becomes the first ... | of Gaunt, son of King Edward III of England, marries Constance of Castile, daughter of King Pedro of Castile, giving John of Gaunt a claim to the throne of Castile. September 26 – Battle of Maritsa: Most of the nobility in Serbia are killed by the Ottomans. December – Lazar succeeds his distant cousin, Stefan Uroš V, a... |
of Charles VI of France die in a fire, at a masquerade ball. Date unknown In central Persia, the Muzzafarid Empire, led by Shah Mansur, rebels against their Timurid occupiers. The rebellion is squashed and the Muzaffarid nobility are executed, ending the Muzaffarid Dynasty in Persia. George VII succeeds his popular fat... | king of Poland, Roman I of Moldavia supports Fyodor Koriatovych against the king. Losing the battle, he will also lose the throne of Moldavia the next year. Sikander Shah I succeeds Muhammad Shah III, as Sultan of Delhi. Sikander Shah I is succeeded two months later by Mahmud II. Abu Thabid II succeeds Abu Tashufin II,... |
of Austria (d. 1439) Joan, princess regent of Navarre (d. 1413) Lope de Barrientos, powerful bishop in Castile Dawit I of Ethiopia (d. 1413) probable – Eric of Pomerania, King of Norway, Sweden and Denmark (d. 1459) Deaths January 5 – Philippa Plantagenet, Countess of Ulster (b. 1355) February 8 – Blanche of France, Du... | Louis II, Count of Flanders defeats the Flemings, led by Philip van Artevelde. Date unknown Khan Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde overruns Muscovy, as punishment for Grand Prince Dmitry Donskoy's resistance to Khan Mamai of the Blue Horde in the 1370s. Dmitry Donskoy pledges his loyalty to Tokhtamysh, and is allowed to r... |
began on January 1, 1390, and | 1390, and ended on December |
currency. In keeping with other high-ranking bureaucrats of his time, this is just one of Wrotham's many offices. He is also "keeper of ports", the forerunner of the First Lord of the Admiralty, supervisor of the mints of Canterbury and London, ward of the vacant Diocese of Bath and Wells and archdeacon of Taunton. Lev... | Aimery of Cyprus, king of Jerusalem, dies of food poisoning caused by white mullet. He is succeeded by his 9-year-old son Hugh I as ruler of Cyprus. His mother, Queen Isabella I becomes regent over the young boy, but she dies suddenly four days after her husband. The High Court of Cyprus appoints Walter of Montbéliard ... |
Charles II of England, leading a largely-Scottish army, is defeated in the Battle of Worcester, the last major battle of the war, and forced to flee. October – An English diplomatic team, headed by Oliver St John, goes to The Hague to negotiate an alliance between the Commonwealth of England and the Dutch Republic. Oct... | Johann Krieger, German composer and organist (d. 1735) date unknown – Gorgin Khan, Persian Governor of Kandahar (d. 1709) Deaths January – Thomas Greene, Colonial governor of Maryland (b. 1609) January 22 – Johannes Phocylides Holwarda, Dutch astronomer (b. 1618) January 29 – Diego de Colmenares, Spanish historian (b. ... |
star is visible to the naked eye as a faint, yellow-hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.97. It is drifting further away with a heliocentric radial velocity of +4.4 km/s and has a high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.621 arc seconds per annum. This object has a ste... | faint, yellow-hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.97. It is drifting further away with a heliocentric radial velocity of +4.4 km/s and has a high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.621 arc seconds per annum. This object has a stellar classification of G4 V-IV, being ... |
from exile and reclaims his realm, which is being ruled on behalf of Garibald, since his father King Grimoald I died. He deposes the young king, and becomes the new ruler of the Lombard Kingdom in Italy. During his reign Perctarit makes Catholicism the official religion, but does not recognize papal authority. Grimoald... | Drest VI, in the vicinity of Moncreiffe Island, near Perth (Scotland). After the battle the Picts are reduced to slavery, and subject to the yoke of captivity for the next 14 years. Asia Yijing, Chinese Buddhist monk, travels by boat from Guangzhou, and visits the capital of the partly Buddhist kingdom of Srivijaya in ... |
by his nephew Máel Dúin mac Conaill. He probably submits to King Ecgfrith of Northumbria as his overlord. July 4 – King Ecgberht I of Kent dies after a reign of nearly 9 years. He is succeeded by his brother Hlothhere. Asia March 20 – Emperor Tenmu assumes the Chrysanthemum throne of Japan at the Palace of Kiyomihara, ... | He invades Theuderic's kingdom and displaces his brother, becoming sole king of the Frankish Kingdom. September 3 – King Wamba of the Visigoths puts down the revolt by Hilderic, governor of Nîmes and rival for the throne. He captures the rebel leaders, who are brought to trial and, for their crimes, scalped and impriso... |
period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Byzantine Empire Siege of Constantinople: The Arab fleet enters the Sea of Marmara and appears before the southern walls of Constantinople, in an attempt to blockade the Byzantine capital. April – A Muslim ... | Events By place Byzantine Empire Siege of Constantinople: The Arab fleet enters the Sea of Marmara and appears before the southern walls of Constantinople, in an attempt to blockade the Byzantine capital. April – A Muslim expeditionary force disembarks on the Thracian shore (near Hebdomon), and lays siege to the massiv... |
the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Europe King Childeric II is murdered by a band of dissatisfied Neustrians, along with his wife Bilichild and 5-year-old son Dagobert, while hunting in the forest of Livry (present-day Lognes) near Chelles. Theuderic III retakes the throne of his elder bro... | Austrasia by the Austrasian nobles. Britain King Wulfhere of Mercia dies after a 17-year reign, in which he has extended his sway over much of England south of the Humber River, including Essex, Surrey, and part of Wessex north of the Thames. Wulfhere is succeeded by his brother Æthelred. April 1 – King Hlothhere of Ke... |
Rochester (seat of the bishops in West Kent), and ravage the surrounding countryside. King Æscwine of Wessex dies after a 2-year reign, and is succeeded by Centwine, son of the late king Cynegils. He reasserts the power of his Anglo-Saxon kingdom over the Welsh. Asia Emperor Tenmu of Japan promulgates a decree about ta... | Austrasia, after his predecessor Clovis III is murdered. Britain King Æthelred of Mercia invades Kent, in an attempt to enforce overlordship and diminish Kentish influence in Surrey and London. His armies destroy the Diocese of Rochester (seat of the bishops in West Kent), and ravage the surrounding countryside. King Æ... |
when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events <onlyinclude> By place Europe The Onogur Bulgars are scattered by the Khazars, who then establish a great Steppe empire, centered on the Lower Volga. The Onogurs depart to the Pannonian Plain. Warinus, Frankish nobleman, is... | 677 (DCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 677 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events <onlyinclude> By place Eu... |
Northumbria. After his refusal to agree to a division of his see, Ecgfrith and Theodore, archbishop of Canterbury, have him banished from Northumbria. April 11 – Pope Donus dies at Rome, after a reign of 1 year and 160 days. He is succeeded by Agatho I, who becomes the 79th pope. He is the first pope to stop paying tri... | The Siege of Thessalonica (676–678) ends, when the Sclaveni withdraw. Autumn – Siege of Constantinople: Emperor Constantine IV confronts the Arab besiegers in a head-on engagement. The Byzantine fleet, equipped with Greek fire, destroys the Muslim fleet at Sillyon, ending the Arab threat to Europe, and forcing Yazid (a... |
lawyer, becomes abbot of the monastery of Iona Abbey, located on the island of Iona (modern Scotland). October 2 – Leodegar, bishop of Autun, is tortured and executed by Neustrian nobles at Fécamp (Normandy). Births Sima Zhen, Chinese historian (d. 732) Zachary, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 752) Deaths June 23 – Æth... | a hunting accident, near Stenay-sur-Meuse (Ardennes), probably on orders from Pepin of Herstal, the mayor of the palace of Austrasia. He is succeeded by Theuderic III, who becomes sole ruler of the Frankish Kingdom. Britain King Æthelred of Mercia marries Princess Osthryth, sister of King Ecgfrith of Northumbria (appro... |
was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 690 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Britain King Oswine of Kent is ... | Dynasty, and begins to murder throne pretendants and ministers who try to oppose her. During her reign she elevates the status of Buddhism above Taoism. By topic Entertainment The approximate date of the earliest known blindfold chess, played by Sa'id ibn Jubayr Religion Willibrord, Anglo-Saxon missionary, travels from... |
Slavs) under Neboulos deserts the Byzantine lines, and goes over to the Muslim Arabs. Arab–Byzantine War: Muslims conquer Armenia, Iberia and Colchis, the last remaining Byzantine holdings east of the Taurus Mountains. Emperor Justinian II is forced to agree to joint Byzantine-Arab control of Cyprus, in the Eastern Med... | Byzantine-Arab control of Cyprus, in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (approximate date). Britain King Ine of Wessex installs his kinsman, Nothelm, as ruler of Sussex. According to Bede, Sussex is subjected to Ine for a number of years. Asia Empress Wu Zetian regains control of the Kingdom of Khotan in the Tarim Basin (No... |
Mercia) dies after a 13-year reign. He is succeeded by his four sons as apparent joint-kings: Æthelberht, Æthelheard, Æthelweard and Æthelric. King Ine of Wessex establishes his West Saxon "Law of Codes", to regain authority in his kingdom. He consolidates Wessex's territory in the western peninsula (approximate date).... | to assassinate Ergica and his wife Liuvigoto but fails, and is defrocked and excommunicated. April 25 – Sixteenth Council of Toledo: Ergica calls for a council of the church to deal with the security of the kingship. The rebels are anathematised and the Forum ludicum is modified. Britain King Oshere of Hwicce (sub-king... |
The Mardaites raid Muslim-held territories, from their chief stronghold Hagioupolis, in northern Syria (approximate date). Europe November 9 – King Ergica of the Visigoths accuses the Jews of aiding the Muslims, and sentences all Jews to slavery. Britain King Ine of Wessex attacks Kent, and extorts 30,000 pence from it... | been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Byzantine Empire The Mardaites raid Muslim-held territories, from their chief stronghold Hagioupolis, in northern Syria (approximate date). Europe November 9 – King Ergica... |
early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Byzantine Empire The population of Byzantium revolts under Leontios, the strategos (military governor) of the Anatolic Theme, and proclaims him emperor. Justinian II is deposed and his nose i... | when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Byzantine Empire The population of Byzantium revolts under Leontios, the strategos (military governor) of the Anatolic Theme, and proclaims him emperor. Justinian II is deposed and his nose is cut off (leading to h... |
Religion St. Peter's Abbey is founded by Rupert, bishop of Worms, at Salzburg (modern Austria). Births Deaths June 8 or 697 – Chlodulf, bishop of Metz (or 697) August 13 – Takechi, Japanese prince Domnall Donn, | a leap year starting on Saturday the (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 696 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. |
Umayyad Caliphate Umayyad troops invade Armenia, and secure the submission of Prince Smbat VI Bagratuni. The South Caucasus becomes a viceroyalty called al-Arminiya, and is divided into four regions: Caucasian Albania, Caucasian Iberia, the area around the Aras River, and Taron (modern Turkey). Asia June 26 | South Caucasus becomes a viceroyalty called al-Arminiya, and is divided into four regions: Caucasian Albania, Caucasian Iberia, the area around the Aras River, and Taron (modern Turkey). Asia June 26 – En no Ozunu, Japanese ascetic, is banished to Izu Ōshima (a volcanic island in the Izu Islands), and accused of confus... |
of Bec. Ending the civil war (The Anarchy) – between England and Normandy after 18-years. The treaty grants the throne to Stephen for the duration of his life, but makes Henry the heir apparent. Europe Confronted with important financial difficulty due to the expenses of the Spanish crusade, the Republic of Genoa has t... | duration of his life, but makes Henry the heir apparent. Europe Confronted with important financial difficulty due to the expenses of the Spanish crusade, the Republic of Genoa has to sell a third of the city of Tortosa (which they had conquered in 1148 during an expedition against the Almoravids) to Ramon Berenguer IV... |
delegates authority based on skill and loyalty, rather than tribal affiliation or family. The main rivals of the Mongol confederation are the Naimans to the west, the Merkits to the north, the Tanguts to the south and the Jin Dynasty (or Great Jin) to the east. By topic Education The University of Paris receives its ch... | control of Egypt, and is recognized as sultan of the Ayyubid Empire. During his reign, he promotes trade and good relations with the Crusader States. His son Al-Kamil becomes the effective ruler (viceroy) of Egypt. Asia Temüjin (or Genghis Khan) manages to unite about half the feuding Mongol clans under his leadership.... |
Younger) dies after a 43-year reign at Paris. He is succeeded by his 15-year-old son Philip II, who becomes sole ruler of France (until 1223). The Portuguese admiral D. Fuas Roupinho wins a second victory in two years, against the Almohad fleet. The assembly traditionally regarded as the first Sejm of the Kingdom of Po... | his 11-year-old son Alexios II – who will reign briefly as ruler of the Byzantine Empire with his mother, Maria of Antioch as regent (until 1183). Maria takes as her advisor and lover, Alexios Komnenos, a nephew of Manuel, causing a scandal among the Byzantine population. Europe January 13 – Henry the Lion, duke of Sax... |
the Lion dies after a 49-year reign at Stirling. He is succeeded by his son, Alexander II, who is crowned as ruler of Scotland at Scone (until 1249). Asia Spring – Emperor Xuan Zong of the Jurchen-led Chinese Jin Dynasty surrenders to the Mongols under Genghis khan – who have besieged the capital of Zhongdu (modern-day... | of Trebizond (one of the Byzantine successor states formed after the Fourth Crusade). Emperor Alexios I of Trebizond leads an army to break the siege, but he is defeated and captured. His capture forced the Byzantines to accept tributary status to Kaykaus. Europe February 15 – King John (Lackland) lands with an invasio... |
never before seen while online resources such as social media facilitated phenomena such as the Me Too movement and the rise of slacktivism, and online cancel culture. Online nonprofit organisation WikiLeaks gained international attention for publishing classified information on topics including Guantánamo Bay, Syria, ... | "containment" effort and a trade war. Elsewhere in Asia, the Koreas improved their relations after a prolonged crisis and the War on Terror continued as Osama bin Laden was assassinated by U.S. forces in a raid on his compound in Pakistan as a part of the U.S.'s continued military involvement in many parts of the world... |
definition of outer space, having flown Virgin Galactic founder Sir Richard Branson above the 50 mile mark, enabling him and the rest of the crew to experience approximately 3 minutes of weightlessness above Earth’s atmosphere. In July 2021, Blue Origin became the first spaceflight company to launch a fully automated s... | company to launch a fully automated spacecraft with civilian passengers into space, carrying its founder Jeff Bezos and three others. Two of the flight's crew members, Dutch student Oliver Daemen (age 18) and American aviator Wally Funk (age 82), became both the youngest and oldest people respectively to go to space (F... |
King Ine of Wessex defeats Prince Cynewulf, an unknown relation making a push for the throne of Wessex. China Rains and heavy storms around the southern seaport of Yangzhou destroy over 1,000 ships and boats in the Grand Canal, during the Tang Dynasty (approximate date). By topic Religion Prüm Abbey is founded by Bertr... | Gaul. Anbasa ibn Suhaym Al-Kalbi is appointed governor of Al-Andalus, after the death of Al-Samh. The Muslims under Abdul Rahman al-Ghafiqi withdraw to Narbonne. The Visigothic duke Amrus of the Lerida area recognises Umayyad rule. Tervel, ruler (khagan) of the Bulgarian Empire, dies after a 21-year reign. He is succee... |
year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Asia Gunakamadeva, Lichhavi ruler (rajah), founds the city of Kathmandu (modern Nepal). During his reign, he transforms the agrarian society to an industrial city... | to an industrial city trading between India and Tibet. By topic Religion Boniface, Anglo-Saxon missionary, fells Thor's Oak (a sacred tree) near Fritzlar in Hesse, marking the decisive event in the Christianization of the northern Germanic tribes (approximate date). Boniface makes Büraburg, a fortified Frankish settlem... |
Ine of Wessex looking for recognition as his heir, seeks sanctuary in Sussex. Ine attacks the South Saxons and kills Ealdbert. April 23 – King Wihtred of Kent dies after a 35-year reign. The kingdom is divided between his three sons: Æthelbert II as overking, Eadbert I in West Kent and Alric. China Yi Xing, Chinese Bud... | battle. His son Hugbert submits to Frankish suzerainty, and Charles brings back the Agilolfing princess Swanachild, who becomes his concubine (later his wife). King Liutprand puts Corsica, nominally under Byzantine authority, under Lombard government, defending it from Muslim raids (approximate date). Britain The exile... |
Caesarea. Europe Umayyad conquest of Gaul: Muslim raiders under Abdul Rahman al-Ghafiqi, current governor of Septimania, devastate Avignon, Viviers, Valence, Vienne and Lyon (approximate date). Marcello Tegalliano dies after a 9-year reign. Uprising in Venice against Byzantium. The cause of mass unrest was the iconocla... | Ipato the Doge of Venice. Desiring to preserve the proceeds of the treasury from the second most important port of the Byzantine Empire and not having the resources to cope with a well-fortified and armed region, Byzantium agrees with all the requirements put forward. Orso Ipato recognised by Leo III, who gives him the... |
prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Europe King Liutprand of the Lombards occupies all of the Exarchate of Ravenna. He advances towards Rome along the Via Cassia, and is met at the city of Sutri by Pope Gregory II, near the borders of the Duchy of Rome. Liutprand signs the Donation | He advances towards Rome along the Via Cassia, and is met at the city of Sutri by Pope Gregory II, near the borders of the Duchy of Rome. Liutprand signs the Donation of Sutri, by which parts of Latium are given to the papacy (the first extension of papal territory in Italy). This marks the historical foundation of |
force, raised by Gregory II, in opposition to iconoclasm. An alliance between Duke Eudes of Aquitaine and Munuza, the Moorish governor of Cerdanya, is cemented by marriage to Eudes' illegitimate daughter Lampégia. In Denmark, construction of the Kanhave Canal across the island of Samsø is completed. Although the canal ... | Canal across the island of Samsø is completed. Although the canal is only about 500 metres long, it is one of the largest engineering projects undertaken in Denmark during the Early Middle Ages. Britain King Osric of Northumbria nominates Ceolwulf, a distant cousin and brother of Coenred, as his successor. After Osric'... |
central Anatolia (modern Turkey), which remains a contested stronghold during the next century of Byzantine–Arab warfare. December 9 – Battle of Marj Ardabil: The Khazars under Barjik invade the provinces of Jibal and Adharybaydjian. He defeats an Umayyad army (25,000 men) at Ardabil (Iran), killing al-Jarrah ibn Abdal... | with the support of Pope Gregory II, and Tiberius is killed in Monterano, with his head sent to the Byzantine emperor Leo III as a gift. Charles Martel defeats the last independent dukedom of Alamannia, and incorporates it into the Frankish Empire. He also launches raids on the Saxons beyond the Rhine. Arabian Empire S... |
Bishop of Hexham. Mesoamerica Jasaw Chan K'awiil I, ruler (ajaw) of Tikal (Guatemala), dies after a 52-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Yik'in Chan K'awiil, who becomes one of Tikal's most successful and expansionary rulers during the Late Classic period. During the Third Tikal-Calakmul War, K’ak Tiliw Chan Yopaa... | cities of Avignon, Arles, and probably Marseille are handed over by Count Maurontus, who is in rebellion against Charles Martel. 8 September: Frithubeorht is consecrated Bishop of Hexham. Mesoamerica Jasaw Chan K'awiil I, ruler (ajaw) of Tikal (Guatemala), dies after a 52-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Yik'in C... |
the Turkic Khaganate, and his brother Kul Tigin, are erected. (Bilge has already erected Kül Tigin's monument and Bilge's son erects Bilge's monument.) Religion May 26 – Bede, Anglo-Saxon monk-historian, dies at Monkwearmouth–Jarrow Abbey. He will be remembered as "the Venerable", and is the author of books that are co... | (governor of Al-Andalus) besiege Pelagius, king of Asturias, in the uppermost Northern mountain ranges in Iberia. The battle ends inconclusively, with Pelagius surviving, but 270 out of his 300 followers are killed, at least according to a Muslim chronicle from the 11th century. Asia During the Tang Dynasty in China, b... |
Beaucaire in Septimania (Southern France). Battle of Nîmes: The Franks under Charles Martel fail to capture Narbonne but devastate most of the other settlements, including Nîmes, Agde, Béziers and Maguelonne, which Martel views as potential strongholds of the Umayyads. Britain King Æthelbald of Mercia is described in t... | (bretwalda) of the Mercians, and all the provinces in southern England. He is also named "Rex Britanniae" (king of Britain). King Óengus I of the Picts invades the neighbouring kingdom of Dál Riata, which is subjugated. He takes the fortress of Dunadd, and establishes his rule in Scotland for over two decades. Asia Rōb... |
Dulo clan. Felice Cornicola is appointed hypatos (Byzantine consul) and magister militum of Venice. Britain King Swæfberht of Essex dies after a 23-year reign. He is succeeded by Saelred, a minor member of the Essex royal family. Mesoamerica The Mayan city-state Xukpi (Copán) is defeated by a rival city-state, Quiriguá... | a campaign against the Saxons (in modern-day Westphalia) on the northeast frontier. They are subdued and must pay him tribute. Moors under Uqba ibn Al-Hajjaj cross the Pyrenees into France. Uqba fortifies Narbonne and reconquers Avignon, Arles, Nimes. He then advances into Provance, and penetrates as far as Piedmont; h... |
Marseille, one of the largest cities still in Umayyad hands. Maurontus is forced to go into hiding in the Alps. King Favila of Asturias dies after a 2-year reign (probably killed by a bear). He is succeeded by his brother-in-law Alfonso I, husband of his sister Ermesinda. Duke Pemmo of Friuli is deposed by Liutprand, a... | Gregory III asks Charles Martel, Merovingian mayor of the palace, to help fight the Lombards (he also requests assistance in fighting the Byzantines and the Arabs). Liutprand signs a peace accord, and pulls back his forces to Pavia. After the pope's appeal to the Franks, a relationship begins that will continue as the ... |
BC decade, that lasted from 209 BC | to 200 BC. References |
a decade of the Julian Calendar | on January 1, 1210, and ended |
Empire Zanj Rebellion: Abbasid general Al-Muwaffaq lays siege to the Zanj capital of Mukhtara, using his base on the opposite side of the River Tigris. Asia Bakong, the first temple mountain of sandstone, is constructed by rulers of the Khmer Empire (modern Cambodia) at Angkor. 881 Acre earthquake. It took place in the... | of Gwynedd (Wales) initiates a revenge attack on the Mercian armies, and defeats them on the River Conwy. Anarawd, and his brothers Cadell and Merfyn, begin extensive military campaigns to quell resistance in Powys and Seisyllwg (approximate date). Arabian Empire Zanj Rebellion: Abbasid general Al-Muwaffaq lays siege t... |
II at Andernach. The Rhineland remains part of the East Frankish Kingdom. Britain The Great Summer Army, led by Guthrum, captures the fortress of Wareham (Dorset), and is met by a Viking army (3,500 men) from the sea, which lands at Poole Harbour. King Alfred the Great traps the Vikings, and demands hostages in return ... | Byzantine Empire At the invitation of Benevento, the newly-restored Byzantine fleet appears in the waters off Otranto. On the orders of Emperor Basil I, the Byzantines sail up the Adriatic Sea and reconquer part of southern Italy. The city of Bari is occupied in the name of the Byzantine Empire. Instead of holding it f... |
Iberia. This raid shows to be one of the furthest raids Muslims in Spain ever conducted, done as a show of strength of the Muslim State in Al-Andalus. King Miroslav (or Miroslaus) is killed by Ban Pribina during a civil war started by his younger brother Michael Krešimir II, who succeeds him as ruler of Croatia. Summer... | government. By topic Births Fujiwara no Nagatō, Japanese bureaucrat and poet (d. 1009) Gebhard of Constance, German bishop (d. 995) Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, High King of Ireland (d. 1022) Mathilde, German abbess and granddaughter of Otto I (d. 1011) Ranna, Kannada poet (India) (approximate date) Symeon (the New The... |
'pay and pray', buying (with Danegeld) a truce at Amiens, while he raises 12,000 lbs of silver for the Vikings to depart. December 12 – Carloman II dies after a hunting accident. He is succeeded by his cousin, Emperor Charles the Fat, who for the last time reunites the Frankish Empire. Britain King Æthelred II of Merci... | he raises 12,000 lbs of silver for the Vikings to depart. December 12 – Carloman II dies after a hunting accident. He is succeeded by his cousin, Emperor Charles the Fat, who for the last time reunites the Frankish Empire. Britain King Æthelred II of Mercia marries Princess Æthelflæd, daughter of King Alfred the Great.... |
inept emperor Charles III (the Fat) in an assembly at Frankfurt, and depose him. His nephew Arnulf of Carinthia, the illegitimate son of former king Carloman of Bavaria, is elected ruler of the East Frankish Kingdom. Charles yields his throne without a struggle, and retires to Neidingen. December 26 – In an assembly at... | as the 59th emperor of Japan. Al-Andalus The city of Toledo rises against the Umayyad Dynasty, in Al-Andalus (modern Spain). By topic Religion February 5 – Theodosius Romanus ascends as Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch. Births Frederuna, queen of the West Frankish Kingdom (d. 917) Qian Yuanguan, king of Wuyue (Ten ... |
to bring peace. Unable to travel through the country - and perform his royal duties, Harald hands over power to his favorite son Eric Bloodaxe, who allegedly kills at least two of his brothers to gain the Norwegian throne that he will hold (approximate date). Rollo, duke of Normandy, dies at Rouen after an 11-year reig... | 11-year reign. He is the first leader of the Viking settlers to establish an independent dukedom (a vassal of the West Frankish Kingdom). His eldest son, William I Longsword, becomes the second ruler of Normandy (approximate date). Ramiro II forces the abdication of his brother Alfonso IV and becomes king of León (Nort... |
in the Tulunid government (approximate date). 15 March – Al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya enters Sa'dah and founds the Zaydi Imamate of Yemen. Japan Emperor Uda abdicates the throne after a ten year reign. He is succeeded by his 12-year-old son Daigo, as the 60th emperor of Japan. By topic Religion January – The Cadaver Synod:... | VI to receive reconfirmation of his imperial title. Guy is murdered on the Tiber by agents of Alberic I, a Frankish nobleman with political interests. He seizes Spoleto (possibly at the instigation of King Berengar I) and sets himself up as duke. Britain English warships (nine vessels from Alfred's new fleet) intercept... |
full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * 17 June (traditional date) – The Althing, the parliament of Iceland, is established at þingvellir ("Thing Fields"). Chieftains from various tribes assemble for 2 weeks (at a thing) to settle disputes, arrange marriages, etc.; it continues in existence into... | weeks (at a thing) to settle disputes, arrange marriages, etc.; it continues in existence into the 21st century, as the world's oldest parliament of the Icelandic Commonwealth. Bishopwearmouth is formed and settled in England, after Æthelstan grants the lands to the Bishop of Durham. Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine besieges ... |
the Simple, is defeated and routed near Soissons. Charles is captured and imprisoned at Péronne. The nobles elect Robert's son-in-law Rudolph, duke of Burgundy, as king of the West Frankish Kingdom (until 936). July 29 – Battle of Fiorenzuola: Lombard forces led by King Rudolph II and Adalbert I, margrave of Ivrea, def... | proclaims himself emperor and moves his residence back to the old Tang capital of Luoyang. Births September 7 – Suzaku, emperor of Japan (d. 952) Abū Hayyān al-Tawhīdī, Muslim intellectual (d. 1023) Al-Shaykh al-Saduq, Muslim scholar (approximate date) Eadred (or Edred), king of England (d. 955) Fujiwara no Nakafumi, J... |
and ruling monarch, Malcolm I, fights a battle against the Northmen or the Norse–Gaels. Africa Summer – Kalbid forces under Al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Kalbi (an aristocratic member of the ruling Fatimid Caliphate) sail from Sicily and invade Byzantine Calabria. He attacks several towns, including Gerace and Cassono. Births Ad... | Malcolm I, fights a battle against the Northmen or the Norse–Gaels. Africa Summer – Kalbid forces under Al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Kalbi (an aristocratic member of the ruling Fatimid Caliphate) sail from Sicily and invade Byzantine Calabria. He attacks several towns, including Gerace and Cassono. Births Adelaide of Aquitaine,... |
Britain King Æthelstan of Wessex and Mercia annexes Northumbria, and forces Wales and Strathclyde to accept his sovereignty along with the Picts and the Scots (approximate date). Asia May 15 – Emperor Zhuang Zong is killed during an officer's rebellion led by Guo Congqian at the old Tang capital of Luoyang. He is succe... | a friendly relationship with the Khitan Empire. September 6 – Emperor Taizu dies after a 10-year reign. He is succeeded by his second son Tai Zong (Yaogu) as ruler of the Chinese Liao Dynasty. Taizu's eldest son Yelü Bei (designated heir apparent) becomes ruler of the Dongdan Kingdom (former Balhae), a puppet state of ... |
Ivar the Boneless and King Olaf of the Dublin Vikings, besiege Dumbarton in Scotland, the capital of King Artgal of Stratchlyde. After a siege of four months, the citadel is captured and destroyed. The Danes, led by Halfdan Ragnarsson and Bagsecg, invade Wessex and take the royal estate at Reading (Berkshire), which Ha... | Musa ibn Bugha al-Kabir. June 21 – Caliph Al-Muhtadi is deposed and killed by the Turks, after a brief reign. He is succeeded by Al-Mu'tamid (son of the late Al-Mutawakkil) as ruler of the Abbasid Caliphate, who moves his court to Baghdad. End of the Anarchy at Samarra. Byzantine–Arab War: A Muslim expeditionary force,... |
– for plotting against his father. He is blinded, but avoids imprisonment by escaping to the East Frankish Kingdom, where his uncle, Louis the German, gives him protection. Al-Andalus: The city of Toledo (modern Spain) rises up for a second time against Umayyad rule, due to ethnic tensions over two years. Britain The D... | 13-year reign. He is succeeded by his 11-year-old son Xi Zong, as ruler of the Tang Dynasty. During his reign, a widespread failure of the agricultural harvest leads to famine (which causes people to resort to cannibalism) and agrarian rebellions. Births Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah, was the founder of the Isma'ili Fatimid... |
Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari, Muslim scholar (d. 936) Edward the Elder, king of Wessex (approximate date) Constantine II, king of Scotland (approximate date) Liu Yin, governor (jiedushi) of Southern Han (d. 911) Lothar II, Frankish nobleman (d. 929) Ota, Frankish queen and Holy Roman Empress (approximate date) Wang Shifan, ... | by a faction which includes his son-in-law Pascweten and Gurvand, son-in-law of late ruler Erispoe. After Salomon's death they divide the country, and Pascweten and Gurvand co-rule Brittany. Svatopluk I, ruler (knyaz) of Great Moravia, concludes a peace treaty at Forchheim (Northern Bavaria). He is able to expand his t... |
king of Mercia. The west of the kingdom comes under Ceolwulf's rule, while in the east the Five Boroughs begin as fortified Danish burhs. The Vikings invade Wales once more, and King Rhodri ap Merfyn ("the Great") of Gwynedd, Powys and Seisyllwg is forced to flee to Ireland (approximate date). King Constantin I is kill... | Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe Summer – King Charles II ("the Bald") sets out for Italy, accompanied by his wife Richilde and a number of his chief vassals. He gives orders for an expedition, but Duke Boso (his brother-in-law) refuses to join the army. At th... |
King Áed I of Scotland is killed in battle, by his rival Giric mac Dúngal. Giric becomes king of the Picts, and allies himself with Eochaid (grandson of Kenneth I). The two rule all of Alba (Scotland) together as joint-kings. Arabian Empire May 21 – Siege of Syracuse: The Aghlabids capture the Byzantine fortress city o... | Africa) in Mesopotamia seize Wasit (modern Iraq), and establish a presence in the Persian province of Khuzestan. King Alfonso III of Asturias conquers the city of Coimbra (modern Portugal), which is under Umayyad reign. By topic Religion April 16 – The city of Belgrade is first mentioned in a papal letter to Boris I, r... |
Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe April 10 – King Louis the Stammerer dies at Compiègne, after a reign of 18 months. He is succeeded by his two sons, Louis III and Carloman II. They are crowned at Ferrières Abbey, and rule the West Frankish Kingdom together as... | at Ferrières Abbey, and rule the West Frankish Kingdom together as joint-kings. Baldwin I ("Iron Arm") dies, after 15 years as margrave of Flanders. He is buried in the Abbey of Saint Bertin (near Saint-Omer), and is succeeded by his son Baldwin II. Oleg, brother-in-law of the Varangian ruler Rurik, is entrusted to tak... |
on January 1, 1370, and ended on December 31, 1379. | The 1370s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began |
on the import of woolen cloth, which put out of business the Italian and foreign merchants that had dominated the wool export trade. The monopoly merchants went bankrupt in the following decade. Edward also introduced three new gold coins in 1344: the florin, leopard, and helm. However, the gold content of these coins ... | the New World. In Asia, the successors of the old Mongol Empire were in a state of gradual decline. The Ilkhanate had already fragmented into several political territories and factions struggling to place their puppet leaders over the shell of an old state; the Chagatai Khanate was undermined by religious unrest and fe... |
January 1, 1330, and ended on December 31, | 1330s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which |
ally, but he probably wasn't forced to resume the payment of tribute. Henry I, duke of Bavaria, attacks Western Hungary, taking captives and plunder. He enlarges his duchy in the wars with the Hungarians. Wales King Hywel Dda ("the Good") dies after an 8-year reign in which he has established codified laws. His three s... | Italy and imprisons Lothair's now 19-year-old widow, Adelaide for four months at Como. Boleslav I, duke of Bohemia, signs a peace treaty with King Otto I of the East Frankish Kingdom. He becomes his ally, but he probably wasn't forced to resume the payment of tribute. Henry I, duke of Bavaria, attacks Western Hungary, ... |
army (Domestic of the Schools) in the West. The Phokas clan becomes one of the leading families in Constantinople. Europe Bruno I, archbishop and duke (archduke) of Lotharingia resigns. His brother, King Otto I divides the duchy in two parts – Upper Lorraine and Lower Lorraine. He appoints Frederick I and Godfrey I as ... | of Italy and returns to Venice. Pietro IV Candiano divorces his wife Joanna for political reasons and banishes her as nun to the monastery of San Zaccaria. England October 1 – King Eadwig dies after a 4-year reign. He is succeeded by his 16-year-old brother Edgar I (the Peaceful), who effectively completes the unificat... |
16-year-old son Kazan after a 15-year reign. En'yū retires and becomes a Buddhist priest. By topic Technology Qiao Weiyue, a Chinese engineer, innovates the first known use of the double-gated canal pound lock during the Song Dynasty, for adjusting different water levels in segments of the Grand Canal in China. Religio... | VII returns from Constantinople and gains support from the powerful Roman Crescentii family. He takes hold of the papal throne. Births Abu al-Qasim Muhammad, founder of the Abbadid Dynasty (d. 1042) Choe Chung, Korean Confucian scholar and poet (d. 1068) Emma, queen of England, Denmark and Norway (d. 1052, approximate ... |
gCais led by Brian Boru defeats the Viking forces of Limerick. After the battle the Dál gCais seize and burn the Viking stronghold of Limerick. Ending of Norse expansion in Ireland. By topic Religion Otto I founds the Archbishopric of Magdeburg at the synod of Ravenna. He appoints Adalbert as the archbishop of Magdebur... | led by Sviatoslav I cross the Lower Danube and defeat the Bulgarians at Silistra. He occupies most of the Dobruja — by seizing 80 fortresses in northeastern Bulgaria. They are looted and destroyed but not permanently occupied. During the winter, Sviatoslav transfers the capital from Kiev to Pereyaslavets. Pandulf I (Ir... |
forced to retreat from the Sofia Valley towards the town of Ihtiman (through a passage known as the Gate of Trajan). The Bulgarians under Tsar Samuel ambush and defeat the Byzantine forces. Only the elite Varangian Guard escapes with heavy casualties and leads Basil to safety through secondary routes. Europe March 2 – ... | the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire August 17 – Battle of the Gates of Trajan: Emperor Basil II leads a Byzantine expeditionary force (30,000 men) against the Bulgarians to capture the fortress city of Sredets. After a siege of 20 days, Basil is forced to retreat from the Sofia V... |
Mokjong, king of Goryeo (Korea) (d. 1009) July 15 – Ichijō, emperor of Japan (d. 1011) Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi, Persian scholar (d. 1037) Abu 'Ubayd al-Juzjani, Persian physician (d. 1070) Adalbero, German nobleman (approximate date) Avicenna, Persian polymath (approximate date) Baldwin IV (the Bearded), French nobleman... | 980 (CMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe Peace is concluded between Emperor Otto II (the Red) and King Lothair III (or Lothair IV) at Margut, ending the Franco-German war of 978–980. Lothair renounces his claim on Lower Lorrai... |
1,500 are to be provided by the Churches. Summer – Pietro IV Candiano, doge of Venice, demands Venetian assistance to put down a revolt in his personal fiefs around Ferrara. The Venetians also revolt against Candiano and assault the doge's palace. Repelled by mercenary forces, they burn the neighborhood – bringing the ... | captives and slaves. July – Emperor Otto II (the Red) occupies Regensburg, forcing his rebellious cousin Henry II (the Wrangler) (who claims rulership over the Holy Roman Empire) to flee to Bohemia. Henry is deposed and Bavaria is handed over to Otto I of Swabia (a grandson of the late Emperor Otto I). He sets up the n... |
and Toledo Saint Francis of Assisi, Roman Catholic saint Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor Genghis Khan, first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan Emperor Go-Toba of Japan Pope Gregory IX Henry III, King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine Pope Honorius III Iltutmish, first Sultan... | of the Inca Empire Ögedei Khan, second Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, third son of Genghis Khan Olaf the Black, King of the Isles Ottokar I, King of Bohemia Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence and Count of Forcalquier Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles Rujing, Caodong Buddhist monk and Zen master Sancho II, K... |
a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on | Calendar which began on January 1, 1230, and ended on December |
was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, | of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1240, and ended on December |
ending December 31, 1269. Significant people | is the decade starting January 1, |
starting January 1, 1270, | January 1, 1270, and ending December 31, 1279. |
The 1280s is the decade starting January | the decade starting January 1, 1280 and ending |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.