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We compare our explanations with two baselines based on occlusion (see Eq. (REF )).
The simplest variation is removing the word of interest and not replacing it.
We call this method Delete, it was first used in NLP by {{cite:ed322162311f2f7cdd3d151fe57e858a0c3c5349}}.
Similarly, we replace the word of interest with the... | m | 4bb07c49ad8caff15ba335800fa16992 |
There is growing evidence that the characteristic scales may be anisotropic.
{{cite:67665fb7d66ab4fd54f5aa1af9b0545512bae21c}} found a non-spherical splashback shell, the orientation of which
is aligned with the mass distribution in the inner region of the halo.
{{cite:d62e9e9a5f3079eeb17d96b2f5dcd8b15d1861cb}} found t... | i | 4f5e87e7c17ed6f800e75777ebb44f52 |
Firstly, while we have illustrated the effectiveness of our master theorems with two examples of different flavor,
there is no shortage of other signal structures that are of practical interest.
For instance, one might wonder how AMP behaves non-asymptotically when the signal {{formula:91a86392-2375-409f-91cb-7a881d28... | d | dd474157304b302a0bcab1e6800b5bec |
Besides presenting the values of the entropy for each case, we also
discuss the question about the transfer matrix dimension, which turns
out to be the major obstacle in obtaining the entropy for a given
{{formula:2f6c67a1-1d4e-4ef7-ac87-80605d93e868}} pair. Also, after collecting some figures for the entropies
we sho... | r | 502a01c9bcbf8e4d9c3e5c417dc25364 |
The method of variable projection {{cite:b030f6b1886304197b1e6e289c8a4bbcff9573a3}}, {{cite:d0b5337e1efd62edc5d4363f691a3a13cf942197}} is a method for solving separable nonlinear least squares problems. It is characterized by the model being a linear combination of nonlinear functions, meaning
{{formula:6ff73799-d24d-4... | m | cedf93cb2c1438aece9a6f57c0561882 |
A second type of extension into non-linear decision boundaries is utilizing information present in individual documents of the collection. K-Nearest Neighbours
{{cite:f25594d5a567bb87520dae436eb7c145b9b1ce19}}, Kernel Density Classifiers {{cite:db1853cb2299363c467603a36424c57e0fcc198d}} and Mixture Models {{cite:511cd7... | m | d612058b29c90c5ee4cc6c9ce5f6b25a |
The existence of dark matter (DM), non-zero neutrino masses and matter-antimatter asymmetry suggest that the standard model (SM) of particle physics, despite its enormous triumphs, cannot be regarded as a conclusive hypothesis. Very recently, muon ({{formula:11a99cee-eb66-43a6-b99d-47a7f6250f09}} ) Collaboration at Fer... | i | f6a7d0a412e17f93de98b5a1c45e4a10 |
{{cite:2bb7aaa038e270d227ab3d25fa6143b508576cbb}} present data from the nanograv collaboration, analysing the dm time evolution of 37 msp at frequencies between 300 MHz and 2.4 GHz, 18 of which we analysed in this study. Again, the question of which instrument provides greater precision in dm measurements is pulsar dep... | r | f4f3704ce344ce32238341517af463a7 |
To explicitly model commonsense knowledge,
relation embeddings based on ConceptNet {{cite:425cbacd3673fe14db0ce432391515e8e264ef40}} are used as additional features.
ConceptNet is a large-scale graph of general knowledge
from both crowdsourced resources and expert-created resources.
It consists of over 21 million edges... | i | 05c0e609a5c723e27f2b8f819dd79372 |
We analyzed this evolution by calculating the fractal
dimension of the angular momentum trail. With this method it
is possible to reliably determine the onset of and the rate of
evolution in different regimes. A key result of our analysis
is that the evolution of angular momentum is neither diffusive
nor ballistic in a... | d | 48fb9978ea114d1d29fa6d368e1785cf |
Comparing with the results from the Breit-Wigner-type spectral functions used in Ref. {{cite:2abd61d280d1ed83f0abe3f7ebf021fad33dbfb4}}, our predictions with more sophisticated scalar spectral functions and higher order QCD corrections reduce the magnitudes of {{formula:e2e093a9-e48e-487d-a104-439b609f9a18}} and turns... | r | c9e01d7183980456f2801741b38a3861 |
After acquisition, the next process was light curve median filtering (1-day kernel) to correct the systematic trends or transient variation. Any object with brightening of more than {{formula:92181d29-8c2b-4f31-a56a-a63647cf37c1}} magnitude after filtering is flagged as possible transient. The residual of the filterin... | m | 55dc5a941a47f0597e0c5c3eb759b52b |
Leveraging the recent development proposed by {{cite:e867e4cb6f34ca31c963b3cfccf2ca805e1e11a7}}, {{cite:a09072a10aff7860438200c1524421d3331ede7a}},
we suggest two modifications that correspond to the aforementioned observations:
| m | 310daea4071c977ef6db25f4f813c7fd |
Taylor expansion {{cite:1f37e855b990c1ddc5da7702a4af0373a871b1d9}}. Consider a DCNN with {{formula:6398b0b4-d84f-487b-befc-fc9ceb5fc5a4}} convolutional layers, parameterized by {{formula:c1ddef6e-7baa-4b59-8a88-d93d6354926d}} , where {{formula:c87b828f-69a1-455b-b393-baf3bf2df01f}} is the number of filters in the {{f... | m | 9ec243c18892bd7422248b7ca5df166c |
In this study we compute the {{formula:c8ba4024-96b1-4169-b0ce-638575638796}} -variance for each possible line-of-sight direction {{formula:50097ae5-f283-42e2-b03d-d650e14be00c}} , {{formula:0da347b1-67a0-4cdc-b131-5f0de407a38a}} and {{formula:c6150a5d-19ec-4cf7-9672-0d1ba2261c6d}} . As shown by {{cite:ad26d6ba4918455... | m | 6a687dade597f6435897485dad646870 |
that are linear in the parameter {{formula:246369d6-7da6-45c4-8845-8f9a66cd47a3}} , and where {{formula:4639e875-1f1d-4141-aea5-e66f990bc899}} is a vector built of nonlinear functions {{formula:64eb747c-5cfc-4fa0-8908-fd71e0b0ec29}} . Deep regression intends to infer the regression function {{formula:3bbc0cd9-454e-49b... | i | f5019b11396084d7c9e2334fa6b8b6f6 |
{{cite:f74b3fec27d235fdb8580da1265707ad20a4e516}}, {{cite:4839a1bd27904309240c267737849ad8ac9cc354}}, {{cite:28a2a10b800b1858888e9eb711aded73301b24d3}} pointed out that mini-batch learning on distribution parameters was feasible if the batch-size was sufficiently large to be representative for the entire population. Th... | m | 98c0ccdba3b76d92bc4b54147c645bae |
Tables below detail results per domain for the 5 multi-domain real-world datasets from DomainBed: PACS {{cite:2638c5939e65f0c6d100718efa0c792d3585d569}}, VLCS {{cite:4e9d3112bd364e9617501bd844ccdc380cc26ac3}}, OfficeHome {{cite:af50a6ba03040fab70fdbec09d51638622f88bd1}}, TerraIncognita {{cite:2bd7030a24acdd73fcddc15a94... | r | 98a22284d74e1f85e9099aca6e076e99 |
A large body of defence mechanisms have been proposed for the adversarial setting.
Adversarial training {{cite:b73d975d24d6906e5b669a9b90e468a3a678845a}} is one of the standard approaches for improving the robustness of deep neural networks against adversarial examples.
It is a data augmentation method that replaces un... | m | 4278078bb9a86d300e18bae6cb24f7fe |
Gamma-ray observations in the low-energy gamma-ray band from a hundred keV to several MeV address various astrophysical phenomena; the nucleosynthesis and the explosion mechanism in the supernovae {{cite:585fc7c4794d7b1dd0242cbfe83902a6d704b6bb}}, {{cite:c97222a8b57aa7b36958b248e03d59ca73258de0}}, {{cite:7536a20c00f54e... | i | 5b626bf2645f929b06defe7d45b41db3 |
In high energy astronomy, Vaughan et al. (2003) show how nonstationary long-memory autoregressive behaviors, commonly called 'red noise', affects the variance of binned light curves. Some high energy light curves are spectacularly nonstationary such as prompt gamma-ray bursts and accretion systems like GRS 1915+105 wit... | m | f2a75319c44f4d002471f5fe4f5b3973 |
To realize the full potential of this framework, described here are several topics for future research, including: incorporating cell-type specific neuromodulatory signals {{cite:d6db03fa9f7a17c97bae73a153e6f36302e678e4}} into the learning process; exploring the addition of glial cell dynamics {{cite:cd0b6b7cbd9c017dad... | d | 55b1179e3f20c95270e1cff13b5a62a3 |
The usage of synthetic data has been combined with real data to produce more complex scenes. These are applied especially for techniques that explore the generalization of their methods in non-expected scenes, i.e., using datasets not used in the training step {{cite:4172285a3f5f9e525ac206fdbe0d1dc11ac8a651}}, {{cite:6... | d | b6aa78894fc2cfc3a28ed201be416ce1 |
As shown in Sec. ., in general, when the light coming from an AGN is {{formula:8e15b36e-18d8-435e-b8ad-b28455048f44}} 25% of the total galaxy light, most of the used morphological parameters and therefore the morphological classification of AGN host galaxies can be significantly affected. We found that the classificat... | r | 172aa6969c48a60e4deaac318e2b1807 |
Invertibility for real-image editing. Much like other GAN-inversion and latent space manipulation methods {{cite:621459918441255992c83efa6b1526c856887a09}}, {{cite:799bb5c6a67c9c9e44d43a8825758cb6ac9e52c0}}, {{cite:ba7dbb33de761f4f9430e49f1399536427d1f2e9}}, {{cite:30269ddd2484da1e24b0ad72230516ce3b2de379}}, {{cite:05d... | d | a6dc0bde7d4128b3114b355be2dd559c |
A second follow-up question involves the supersymmetric version of {{formula:177884ec-1286-463b-afaf-f74474e75d34}} deformations. There are analogous deformations which are known to preserve both {{formula:2037aa18-3e67-4a4f-8d31-781be59af4ea}} and {{formula:ab67192d-2aac-44b5-82b0-da6b2ae064a5}} SUSY {{cite:9eae2e2... | d | ad24cc70da9c343be0235d8f8a5e4b6a |
In Fig. REF , we show the {{formula:c7f441e1-5c4f-4ce3-a754-d8457244a2da}} favored parameter space on the plane of
the total branching ratio of {{formula:2fba36a8-68f5-4cb2-871f-1cab2800cb7e}}
and muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment {{formula:1c8895a6-4831-4e95-b0de-92de91fc1781}} .
As mentioned above, the main con... | r | 66e06d8a4acfa8e925e13e8966bc9f2d |
Neural networks performance is often compared to human performance {{cite:06a5fedd6d45bf5c917ca2405fa27caddedf106f}}, {{cite:1d97cea3cd93a34d5da29eff49f9db1d4ce38be9}}, {{cite:7fb8c64de217430754e9f3d4aba6e94c7dbdf2d1}}, {{cite:f2afd5d41a3c64faf60bc4301488536ec46e7fd9}}. A fundamental feature of human perception is that... | d | 5e8795fa72d0c2dfaa97d9b97477c3b2 |
Large-scale dataset of high quality annotations is the fundamental ingredient to recent advances in supervised methods with deep learning, , ImageNet {{cite:f94c2facacea87bfd564acf4e23401655dbc6190}} for image classification, COCO {{cite:c284224ad5c85753b53957dfbb6b38fd54cd7135}} for image detection, and ShapeNet {{cit... | i | a66968cbd3fa56e20d2c541e371a86a3 |
Results on ImageNet: Results for CMSF-KM and CMSF-2Q are shown in table REF . Both variants outperform MSF baseline with a larger memory bank. This empirically supports our idea of bringing together far yet semantically similar samples (Fig REF ) by constraining the neighbor search space on the memory bank. CMSF metho... | r | 22a9c0ee3a14a212d042ee855f795942 |
dRGT theory cannot provide a unique source for both dark energy
and inflation. Motivated by this shortcoming of dRGT theory, and
also, the successes of pole Lagrangian in describing the Universe
{{cite:108e7cd3c075c8f8637146304256cfad77bad690}}, {{cite:99ad60336121411490e40baf97793662d42e75f5}}, {{cite:be41ee7e1345ffd2... | d | b6ce32b255321ed66dd9d24a923ea820 |
[t]
Deformable Surface Reconstruction
[1]
Inputs: Template {{formula:16da6dfe-6564-4925-8ac7-d3f715f63eb1}} , matchings {{formula:75b39651-5570-44d4-b00d-fd86014d44e3}}
Output: Estimated surfaces described by {{formula:19b9a079-115e-400c-ace8-2c9ab2138f2f}}
Compute {{formula:6d7c90c1-d6e6-4a13-8b58-d6f459aacbd6}} a... | m | ea69eb8de59c162611f1b68a63313837 |
We study Witten's string cubic open string field theory on multiple {{formula:5f6d2d8b-630e-4312-bc9c-89809519cde6}} -branes {{cite:75df14d07507a85b177ffce2fe52a0ad4327d628}}, {{cite:aef8e437dda122e436e7bee55d78d9fbdf43de24}}, {{cite:6422ee7a8e3b371f2be26a10aadcd617bef86abc}}. On multiple {{formula:e3a88094-8413-4b68-9... | d | 323302b37930960400a39d22ef60a2ce |
Network backbones have been computed using the `distanceclosure' python package developed by the authors and freely available at https://github.com/rionbr/distanceclosure.
Network plots have been rendered with Gephi {{cite:4a0a89a51bc734a4a0f0a261779358fd6a773dc2}}.
Distortion distributions have been fitted using the `... | m | 04bd833d6e4fb2a5ab71a7e5c1119d7b |
where, using the same notation as in the autocorrelation function, {{formula:c182ff16-9334-436e-a73e-eb04f025eeb1}} denotes the lag time.
The difference between the EA-TA-MSD and the EA-MSD (Fig. REF a) is a direct indication of ergodicity breaking in the
motion of Nav channels {{cite:ce1d02a51f273cfafcc972e99d181acd9... | r | d67de377ae0491cd0eb83dafb3c4b192 |
In this article we shall be concerned with a
resource sharing game. Such games model
instances in which a common-pool resource (henceforth CPR), which is prone to failure due to overuse, is shared among several users who are addressing the problem of choosing how much to exploit from / invest in the CPR without forcing... | r | c663bfa9c6fe87a145c59da7ed8047d5 |
We propose an approach SOTitle to generate the title of the question post from Stack Overflow by considering both code snippet and problem description. Specifically, we combine the code snippet and problem description as the multi-modal input of the Transformer structure. Then we formalize post title generation
for ea... | i | 3b512f1cf09265efbb4d552d76c8456b |
In this paper we study the high dimensional analogue of the non-lazy random walk.
We are specifically interested in going beyond Alev and Lau's worst case result {{cite:ec2b87499ec35885def58a4d2c670ed8b575444e}} and relate the structure of the cochain to its expansion:
| r | 200e36a5ce04cd5083392461b4420f57 |
The computed total and orbital-decomposed density of states (DOS)
in this lowest-energy magnetic state as obtained from LSDA+{{formula:be832f32-b4bd-41ca-9ee8-4fe11c60089f}} are
shown in Fig REF (a). The DOS of Fe-3{{formula:0f236ba4-e13a-4ce2-bf36-635f2c73a6f0}} clearly
shows that the majority spin states are fully ... | r | 941c49a3bd2d9499099e01e81286adc8 |
The pre-training without cost-sensitivity allows the autoencoders to distinguish between the majority and the minority classes. It has been proven that autoencoders map similar values to similar ranges {{cite:56a5ab76d2b53c4f92f4e73eda798b4de95b5a8e}} and thus for classification in such severe imbalanced datasets, they... | m | 34cf3a8791488e6fd448c18107dc1327 |
Recent work on distillation has produced significant improvements over vanilla knowledge distillation {{cite:c8c877793339a317eb926a28a67c91cf5508598b}}. We believe that Knowledge Distillation with Feature Maps could improve both natural and robust accuracy of student networks. Adaptive data augmentation like AutoAugmen... | d | 42be7885a61ff4b5b4eaf3e0fc05b949 |
We study the dispersion relations of KAWs by numerically solving the full set of the linear Maxwell-Vlasov equations. Linear Maxwell-Vlasov theory has been described in detail in the literature (see, for instance, {{cite:f6a22e896ee645a066f02187dc8356c8fdddad38}} and {{cite:cb17e7b42b56548789e9a0ff697d77df994230b0}}). ... | m | ce73818b65d88c06855e247242c46ada |
Throughout this paper, we presented MFSSA as a novel technique of dimension reduction of a MFTS. We found that the MFSSA problem is solved by performing VMFSSA and we also developed HMFSSA, presented in supplementary material, as another approach but found that it was more restrictive and not as informative as MFSSA. W... | d | 0f69c477dfeedff8dc44fd024d8a96ab |
Indeed, such an adjusted TB Hamiltonian fairly accurately reproduces the electronic properties of TBLG as obtained in {{cite:edea93e025037b8a5e6ff4fc0285bf32c71faec8}} as well as in experiments, e.g., in {{cite:2a0aabe498d212fa3d5d66512ab374b5a86ee69b}}, {{cite:0f2f7a4b9a0c98eb1fdf4e3744fbcf2d397d177f}}, {{cite:a5b7c40... | m | 08447716a49b9682459cfe76e38a5a74 |
We aim to modify the geometric rules of a generative model according to a few user edits. Given a pre-trained generator {{formula:bd9912ee-5148-4896-94ec-df8b6cb148c6}} , a user is asked to edit a small number of generated samples. For generative models that use an intermediate latent space (e.g., StyleGAN3 {{cite:f250... | m | 36b117b7bd8cfe1181f2baffb34df822 |
In Figures REF and REF we compare our results for albedo, normal, and roughness estimation to those of {{cite:0da20fcd02e7ac2b1e40c06baa970a9f63a89acd}} on the data captured by {{cite:0da20fcd02e7ac2b1e40c06baa970a9f63a89acd}}.
{{figure:3bf1dadb-ffba-4588-af72-1e4854465272}}{{figure:c477c791-3bfe-4d45-af1e-b50993298c... | r | 7939b43f7b352dbfb8a4c291cd2902ca |
In this section, we verify the derivation of the achievable asymptotic capacity and evaluate the impact of the number of reflective elements on the data rate in the RIS assisted multi-user communications, the layout of which is given in Fig. REF . The parameters are selected according to 3GPP standard {{cite:2c3179a9ba... | r | 20e1a3aaa0fb3759f443b9cb04c11f8f |
For the scenarios of Our-1B and Our-2B by using {{formula:ae697001-5eff-4220-b5d1-4b842e6b1da5}} , the branching ratios from the full amplitudes, look larger than the results from the scenarios of Our-1A and Our-2A by taking {{formula:7a9bb685-a6b7-4ef6-9f2d-950ffb2f6d93}} . Nevertheless, for a given photon energy cuto... | d | 8c5c4a7b1c39af0da39f1bcffebfba2f |
In Figure REF , four images from the VOC 2007 dataset are shown in order to compare between the proposed method and the a baseline technique (i.e. vanila ResNet-101 {{cite:7cd3f3766bc11ad0d6f2a975d3bb18f0e23352aa}}). The proposed method was able to predict most of the labels correctly as shown in the top part of the f... | r | f6ad9bb645e2799dc1bfceb9cb0919dd |
In the homogeneous dust collapse case, all the matter shells collapse simultaneously to form an infinitely dense, infinitely curved
spacetime singularity. It was shown by Oppenheimer and Snyder {{cite:907eb1a8cf39bbe6c69160de26e5ddd3b7ecc375}}, and independently by Dutt {{cite:7d2942c6d23344352d543be005f6dc792b01a2ba}}... | i | cadc547d43f2c8a4e343f60d7835cf07 |
From the whole variety of shape spaces that can be built following this construction, a small number actually leads to practical algorithms and numerical implementations, which is an essential requirement when the goal is to analyze shape datasets. For curves, an important example is associated with a class of first-or... | i | e669b0171b6e5e3cf9feb491b718cf2f |
Our second component is the Geometric target Spatial Transformer (GST), depicted in Figure REF. This is a differentiable non-trainable component, that we have built upon the spatial transformer from {{cite:1028c01e80fec48113dd3010e6b33e2e96e07d87}}. It applies transformations between different domain and target spaces... | m | 18941bcf780c2231bda0f5c8e65124f2 |
It can be seen from the literature that the PI plasma system can support these conditions:
{{formula:d25f05f2-a412-44cf-a8ad-fee906f6add5}} (i.e., {{formula:f080a64d-9a74-4fa3-bfcc-8ea02c814849}} {{cite:b5973f15066256d0e4eb2711b328eaa333b14e95}}, {{cite:10ed663816b1b6f4843a2769b16ecde01c33b82e}}, {{cite:9c9a0862f760d... | r | 6025a168de744a39cd0c0c456a6cb6d5 |
In A-B effect it appears that magnetic field remotely affects electron wave packets asserting the action at distance. However the field theory was originally constructed to avoid action at distance. This problem has received substantial interest. To tackled this problem there are mainly two approaches have been suggest... | i | 88363b4c2a6a1ec09ed128fe084089c5 |
Our work supports model editing where the final ML model will encode the decision processes of not just the underlying data but also external knowledge. This ability can be leveraged to correct incorrect assumptions in the original data or encoded updated policies. On the other hand this introduces the ability for the ... | d | 4ce605f75f59e26b8f0c0fb79f12b545 |
We apply the multivariate version of the Stein's equation {{cite:ba77e18bb70f53203edb41bd870048a55323a355}} as
{{formula:6a4617e8-159c-493a-9c90-6dcbcd8b1458}}
Here, {{formula:7670a64f-5166-4e57-ab5f-f4df0174b0c9}} be a solution of the identity which is induced from {{formula:1b20123e-a44e-4964-a185-3b8248a8918e}} ... | r | 5d571269998064869cd3c23a9735c527 |
The photometric and kinematic evidence for a nuclear disc inside the B/P
bulge of NGC 4643 is a clear demonstration of a pattern
{{cite:6cffb6e4729f179acae7c920315bda4fa2a76910}} and {{cite:6ac1a854de13560191440c8c24309281b2409be9}} suggested based on their
studies of edge-on disc galaxies: that the B/P bulges of barre... | d | 5d0f3589f53f75420fbd2808cb1c78f6 |
The methods we propose are exact in the setting of linear {{formula:b4e6993a-fe42-4fea-8d6e-d39caa4a8d42}} and Gaussian prior density {{formula:d7557dfa-5f8c-40fd-a273-7318cfeb95ba}} ; but,
for nonlinear {{formula:7373de30-3aaf-426e-bb4e-d1fe28f091a4}} , the Kalman-based filters we employ
generally do not converge to ... | m | 0c8851c520b477ab22743ce96a06a99b |
A liquid's surface tension is a crucial parameter, especially on very small length scales, for droplet spreading and wetting of surfaces {{cite:2d79eb9209dcbc49fc3f8fabad93cd66d5d7837d}}, {{cite:2e3a364dcb148f2b7f352ae2261030f6cbd12c25}}, as well as droplet impact and splashing {{cite:096ecc172810fc68ab3696dfc0db1f5132... | i | af0f8535f0d3b3800e4aa06004f6c7f1 |
where {{formula:adbd29bd-f1ee-4d14-af70-8715197213a0}} is the partition function of single core black
holes, {{formula:a0cf92f8-ef09-40b8-a7ea-9a3824046810}} the partition function of scaling black
holes consistenting of three cores, and
the dots stand for scaling black holes with {{formula:76d0ac9f-c221-430d-aa9f-87... | i | 39e60cfe3ff59704e2cf73e2251da30c |
[noitemsep,topsep=0pt]
GW190412 {{cite:e5865523c03cd9c730e8ea5f023f2b205a2ddd67}}, a binary black hole (BBH) with asymmetric component masses, showing evidence for higher harmonics in its GW signal;
GW190425 {{cite:561cd93fca877fcc9769489c076f436c0c0b39c5}}, identified with a binary neutron star (NS) merger lacking ev... | i | 844f645a5811875e83c7d58ff4523d93 |
In this section, we document details of the algorithm for the numerical simulation of equation (REF ). The computational domain is {{formula:0a7b631c-0ddf-499d-83c2-95988e42e38a}} . When {{formula:83ab5bb0-6381-4280-a15d-a8715bcb3b22}} is large enough, we can assume there is a periodic boundary condition in the {{form... | m | 2697ca28c5e8a5178ef9744326d0767a |
Feature-wise methods. Intuitively, under-sampling the head {{cite:cdb4773a4ff7b50b8950ce4a013cc3a060cd336e}}, {{cite:0c57c523e0df2b964f4a982ddccf095a71a1858e}}, {{cite:d10fa4be4bf603d847e15a8be239d32972a91f04}} or over-sampling the tail {{cite:ec398c84442cb0c3f8d9de9498c9c56ff21be760}}, {{cite:0c57c523e0df2b964f4a982dd... | d | 2310594167da5cb91d92b4e18fc861b6 |
The idea of neural networks dates back to 1943 when neurophysiologist Warren McCulloch and mathematician Walter Pitts wrote a paper on how neurons might work and demonstrated it using electric circuits {{cite:3f1449da09a87f95ff11f7d7adc4e5ea487ee926}}.
In the initial phase, the idea of neural networks and perceptron ga... | i | 7d0610d85fe02ccc2d749967589105ed |
Frequentist methods in addressing the piecewise constant signal de-noising problem include penalization methods like the fused lasso method {{cite:18720c935a78c8a8c5e8dc45808b9dc1c426c44b}} and the {{formula:e4daaf96-ef3c-48dc-a7bb-9563e1dd9c1a}} -fusion method {{cite:6ae117acc39dc79aeea9891b2c74444969987baf}}. The Bay... | i | 47fd47120ec059db55980bc50b54b81b |
Large-scale networks can be studied using stochastic geometry (SG) tools {{cite:2106767ecc31ffa2561fb8c93b92bbf71c3d3b77}}. SG is the study of random spatial patterns. It is a strong tool used for interference modeling in large-scale networks, and has been used to study several network performance metrics in the litera... | i | 4e45225b71113ea1d5730e7a2c4d4bbc |
Furthermore, as pointed out by {{cite:0b0038acfe3061ef9a53e0e494672ed5f5383b69}}, the actual level of assortativity may also vary within different pairs of node classes, i.e., there is a different tendency of connection between each pair of classes with two different characteristics of the graph. Thus, some pairs of cl... | d | 2933c8f1ec58e9234d166fc57d58d39a |
This work belongs to a line of works that transfer concepts and ideas between the areas of formal verification and algorithmic game theory {{cite:15d075bfd5fc8ca21e65045650de6b524d3e3008}}. Examples of works in the intersection of the two fields include logics for specifying multi-agent systems {{cite:e979e159c7e8a8c42... | d | 34a08712ff5152c79df8e6503f80d0df |
To determine the motor commands {{formula:e79898f9-7805-4987-9bda-c974f765f9b6}} , we add noise to the activation of the relative output {{formula:db615948-b6ee-4310-8374-b5841e5791b2}} . Since the desired position of the joints are modified progressively, using white noise would generate extremely little movements and... | d | 1ebbb623f048dfdfbe6713079cbf5541 |
The pseudopotential code quantum espresso (QE) {{cite:256aec4371031f8fa5a70ab5914e9d9df8e3c834}} is used to carry out linear response electron-phonon calculations. The electron band {{formula:9e921932-6b28-4e3c-b0cb-2ad741a56638}} - and phonon branch {{formula:428342b6-cca7-40e1-bb33-1676f06e7f25}} -meshes are Monkhors... | m | 65eeee700bfc1318c54ccc3511309cb4 |
A preliminary version of this work was presented in {{cite:28a2d4cec4a04144600d3797701029c34ba3ee98}}. In this extended work, we introduce three major improvements.
| i | 8e2fd9897639630a4127d289b8bfc5c1 |
In this paper, we analyze both the hierarchical RNN-based and the
open-vocabulary candidate-generation approaches and propose hybrid
state tracking, HyST, a hybrid approach for flexible and accurate
dialogue state tracking, which aims to learn what method to rely on
for each slot type. To investigate the appropriatenes... | i | a7c1c00e18bfad8ddae32122f71f3f8a |
The reliability of the human annotations is essential, both to ensure that the algorithm can accurately learn the characteristics of hate speech, and as an upper bound on the expected performance {{cite:120e4d2cdcb1647322da4a9fde5516822dadd33c}}, {{cite:f6e4ce6cf187664af6a8798d6cc0c1067942e9cb}}.
As a preliminary step,... | i | e09c1298fb7f88076701e70bf529ad5e |
Electromagnons were recently observed in two groups of multiferroic orthorombic manganites, {{formula:7f5a0709-51c2-4fcb-af73-6997f4c3fc2b}} MnO{{formula:10871b91-81bc-4fb1-9499-7da277a9dff7}} ({{formula:abeaf57e-25df-4302-8653-689b527fbc97}} = Gd,Tb,Dy,Eu{{formula:a489bd2d-63f8-434f-a923-131d195b94ce}} Y{{formula:cc... | i | 1476ae7d81fcb3061405394aa2934e52 |
We performed the scribble-guided segmentation on MSCMR LGE CMR images and compared ShapePU with other state-of-the-art PU learning approaches, including Transform-Estimate-Discard ((TED){{formula:a40a4cfb-65ca-48b3-beef-8b9b6302578d}} ) {{cite:7e4f4cfecf4d0e946bf6d0cbaf898ea2ef8f6e5a}}, PU learning with conditional val... | m | 8de82965faee2bc37a4958f561a6c433 |
The claims about existence and uniqueness of lifts of automorphisms to {{formula:5cfc878c-4c0b-4e8a-9833-6092d721f965}} follow from Section 4.2 of {{cite:a5ab90cfbb6885f95c8c11249ab9d306701bb536}}, and a short version of the argument is Proposition 2.1 in {{cite:d9fcea3c5a7a973dc4c1809c3fc3e95771a1e010}}. The identifi... | m | 0de3cc60a5de893f8ea94e93e8477b13 |
The Standard Model Extension which consider the CPT symmetry violation (SME) {{cite:5447a4b1efa7713d75b03ac09639c8180ebaea95}}, {{cite:c9dae80998da0a91796acf8206d447393cf3ecad}} is a proposal to explain some conflicts between experimental/observational data and the theoretical predictions of the Standard Model (SM) {{c... | i | 8eb1312bf7a70697c726f26872215e2f |
The equilibrium properties of spin systems with continuous symmetry (comprised of {{formula:19948342-474e-4ac7-93ca-da1194824a5d}} -component spins) and quenched disorder have received some attention over the years. They have been proposed and studied as models for various experimental systems, e.g., vortex lattices in... | i | 49d3e19066236a3c090b5c51946f28c2 |
We give detailed comparisons between our results and prior work in Remark . As a summary, {{cite:2812693fe795430a366892f4df1a62589a9c88b0}} obtain a relative error approximation with a running time of {{formula:533f1af9-1afc-4807-b527-315b9727feab}} , where {{formula:d6bc596d-62b8-490c-81c5-b4ad4e8ba5e1}} denotes the ... | r | e0bdd8a486ab9e0b5b020a37ad79c49e |
We find the resistance distance between nodes {{formula:65cd91ce-3a2f-402f-84cb-92b487d2cdfd}} and {{formula:476182b5-5998-47ab-94db-6adbbd3ea1c2}} , {{formula:03061b16-891c-406e-941b-792a07651833}} , by using the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the network's Laplacian matrix, {{formula:66880ca1-e3a6-4333-95ac-f07b462... | m | cf47666fd3cd1782cfa72a8fa7cc4570 |
Assumptions REF and REF impose high-level conditions on two nuisance functions. Our theoretical results only require {{formula:47caa22a-cceb-4848-aa6c-e97c91566ff6}} , which is a mild assumption. For example, if considered parametric models for both Q-function and ratio function, then {{formula:a5c51d27-a3a2-42d2-9b... | r | 164010d0edd7363ee21d7401b8b885ea |
We reviewed defenses against adversarial attacks on machine learning applications in network security. We note that there are two major limitations in the existing research on adversarial defenses. Firstly, most defenses are designed to protect against attacks on machine learning applications in computer vision. Second... | d | cc4666a81cef8b69f19a070e4a9551c6 |
Depth data: Viewpoint-equivariant ITOP. We test DECA on the viewpoint transfer task, meaning training on one viewpoint, either top-view or front-view, and testing on the other one, unseen at training time. The comparison against available state-of-the-art methods {{cite:44b1fad96b5e60028b7dd38fa7fcdfdc79ed98ef}}, {{cit... | m | aab07e7ab25c8f1322ff90ab8ccadca9 |
There exist multiple types of CNN architectures. In this work, we will focus on a deep learning architectures created specifically for medical image segmentation, as it is the case of U-Net {{cite:d8d40a5203e0191d513791dd102f6e741bccf9d2}} and its variants. The architecture has convolutional layers and is formed by a e... | m | ca6fd9f86ff1b1320435d337bdda3c79 |
+ Shake-Shake + AA {{cite:4b8c05e352a902340570b9cc24173c03dc076e21}} {{formula:c6f48ee0-d4b5-4dfb-b923-e665c3c18a07}} {{formula:32b952db-7f8f-442e-8523-14b4635e17da}} {{formula:51f2bc4e-86a7-4670-8602-8545ffa7d463}} -
| r | b7c03a8b1faa540add2add822773bbf9 |
The CADB leads to factorization problem only if one insists on having a unitary dual conformal field theory with fixed Hamiltonian. The puzzle can be avoided if one instead assumes the Hamiltonian is drawn from a random matrix ensemble. In fact, in 2D JT gravity, this is precisely what happens, the dual theory of JT gr... | i | f5ea8fd0cb96c735ae512137e1b4c508 |
where {{formula:8efc2ac5-c47d-4ddd-874e-4c5891f0f34a}} is a box constraint set. Subsequence convergence to a stationary point was established under
the following assumptions:
(a) the origin is in the relative interior of the set {{formula:430dec55-53e7-4621-ae2a-62ac0fdb6b40}} ;
(b) the strict complementarity conditi... | d | eef86a9c6ac045912f0b99b6b503f3fc |
Proof of Theorem REF .
Applying Theorem 3.4 of {{cite:47a6b70317d8fbd831ee8a3ff39f065f640011b6}}, it suffices to
show that {{formula:f2186f9f-ea6c-4911-890e-f4d67fd0e9e2}} is Lipschitz continuous
with respect to {{formula:6d438a6d-e0ca-4a39-9220-c6b433bcf707}} , based on which we could bound
the global error directly... | m | 5818c358b8377007903ee9c71cbb10c5 |
In the special case of a dual weak brace, the sum can be written in terms of the multiplication as it is already known in the context of skew braces, see {{cite:90d1e67c035f429aa800740496bbcc6ae0cf335b}}.
| r | a8a0b1a97bee691ecd738d5861b0ce11 |
Experimental results at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collected at a center-of-mass energy {{formula:00efce86-aa34-4f7e-ae22-ab83b44b7182}} TeV during the year 2015-2018
have been presented by ATLAS {{cite:e1da1c814204af4e4c65c4d040027d63bf64c041}}, {{cite:60cfb389b4c11d85b619f1f7d359763dcc221f38}}, {{cite:b54961b58... | i | fd26b32ceaf65f3bd506a49a5aaa5bb7 |
Global Context based Methods.
As local context features could overlook the correlations between sentences and lead to redundant summaries involving similar sentences, global context-based methods rank individual sentences from the perspective of the entire document.
Discourse-based methods {{cite:8adab5012ea9b94aaf26b5... | m | d3b206c3f64fad7dc7720dbdfaf715b1 |
We also find support for a violation of the conjectured conformal bound on the sound speed {{formula:2137c76c-ab5b-43aa-b693-3ea37af958d5}} in NS matter, {{formula:2f14a468-c9f3-42cb-bd5f-c76eba0baaef}} {{cite:9eace814acdb77f84f57fab4af2569ffa8ddeac8}} where {{formula:39347515-2a4e-4775-ac36-e71c6971eadd}} is the sp... | i | 090dd670cf644f82f27bd95a7d58ab20 |
As the presence of swirls of various sizes have been observed in the chromosphere and transition region the gyroviscous effect may excite low frequency turbulence. Observations and numerical simulations suggest ubiquitous presence of flow gradients in the photospheric–chromospheric plasma {{cite:cef0aa507c81b203e4f927c... | d | bfd0d07b92f7387a02219b265170169b |
blackFinally, this paper is about the absorption of GWs from a distant point source by the
IGM. It does not address the fate of a stochastic GW background of a population of MBHBs ({{cite:933733b792fa0a54899f6eb996b6b284530a4063}}, {{cite:b2673584fdd756b9daab90f45eddb1bc7f561eeb}}),
which could result from the absorpti... | d | c67872e8994df26327646add32edd4db |
Fig. REF shows a real-world usage example of the full detection pipeline, including the object detector, pose estimation and the decoder.
Empirically, the system is robust towards varying perspectives, lighting conditions, dirt, etc., and provides reliable results for the decoded bitstrings.
Extensive testing in varyi... | r | 4365ad8674bf9afc93825877606584c9 |
The forward-backward splitting algorithm for monotone inclusion problems was first introduced by Lions and Mercier {{cite:f0110bdd315b9bc859ece2e8d0be7552b0e541d6}}. In the work of Lions and Mercier, other splitting methods, such as Peaceman–
Rachford algorithm {{cite:45f131dbe3a6bea3f65474f5c4fd2281702c8357}} and Doug... | i | d31cd6c155b5aae0e8b7fd37632a9e52 |
The BAMCBR module is based on the CBR 4R cycle defined by {{cite:c696fb87a7c190c08d5a5ffaf6639e15b15399bf}} that encompasses a cycle of continuous reasoning composed of four main stages (Figure 2):
| m | b742129c0355c3a6ea61fdd65766027c |
Recently, researchers have started building chatbots by training machine learning programs on transcripts of conversations.
{{cite:8d85fa2d1c50ef3bbaef76e0da173ce8b7dcc878}} ({{cite:8d85fa2d1c50ef3bbaef76e0da173ce8b7dcc878}}) presented a data-driven approach to generating responses to Twitter status posts, using statis... | i | c579a26b27c1dc50a63b79e98ff46a8f |
Architectures. In all the two moons experiments, the DeepMLP has 4 layers and 100, 100, 100 and 1 output units respectively. The shallow MLP has 2 layers of 100 and 1 unit. All methods were trained for 100 iterations on 50 datapoints. The MNIST plots are obtained from MLP classifiers having 4 layers of 1000, 1000, 1000... | m | 294941344afd7eeec7e1df79cdcd9fb0 |
Here, {{formula:c3ab325a-2c23-488a-a73b-f4ce43567e7d}} is the {{formula:0cbcc4f4-60a8-454f-b738-38bde6d4b342}} -th Pauli operator {{formula:cad976e0-7610-4ac4-82be-b080fe168458}} acting on qubit {{formula:e9694e94-d9a7-4094-93f0-40628cec5a68}} , while {{formula:8f1781f1-d7c5-44df-9c95-9fbf2e7500f6}}
define local and... | i | fa9d2772bc6c954a2ef1657e07e3e2a9 |
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