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20161 | Maze | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maze | Maze
in its gardens.
- Swarovski Crystal World, Wattens, Tyrol, has a hand-shaped hedge maze in its gardens.
### Belgium.
- Loppem Castle maze
### Denmark.
- Samsø Labyrinten (The world's largest permanent maze, 60.000 m)
### Germany.
- Hortus Vitalis – Der Irrgarten, Bad Salzuflen (hedge maze)
### Greece.
- L... | 3,000 |
20161 | Maze | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maze | Maze
Ruurlo, Ruurlo, designed by Daniel Marot, based on the design for Hampton Court Maze ()
### Portugal.
- Parque do Arnado, Ponte de Lima, District of Viana do Castelo
- Parque de São Roque, District of Porto
- Forest Reserve of Pinhal da Paz, São Miguel Island, Azores
### Spain.
- Alcázar of Seville, Seville
... | 3,001 |
20161 | Maze | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maze | Maze
Centre, Braintree, Essex, England (Open July–September)
- Carnfunnock Country Park, Northern Ireland. A hedge maze in the shape of Northern Ireland and winner of 1985 Design a Maze competition.
- Castlewellan, Northern Ireland, world's largest permanent hedge maze
- Chatsworth House garden maze, planted with 1,... | 3,002 |
20161 | Maze | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maze | Maze
Hever Castle Maze, Hever, Kent. Yew tree maze and a splashing water maze
- Hoo Hill Maze, Shefford, Bedfordshire, England
- Norwich Cathedral, Norfolk, England. A labyrinth in the Cloister Garth. Laid to commemorate the Golden Jubilee of HM Queen Elizabeth II in 2002.
- Richings Park Amazing Maize Maze, Riching... | 3,003 |
20161 | Maze | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maze | Maze
(Dalek corn) plants, the maze was created to celebrate the 50th anniversary of "Doctor Who".
## North America.
### Canada.
- In 2012, the Kraay Family Farm in Alberta, Canada created the world's largest QR code in the form of a massive corn maze, popularly known as The Edmonton Corn Maze.
### USA.
- The Stanl... | 3,004 |
20161 | Maze | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maze | Maze
the hotel's front lawn. On 31 January, the judges selected Jesse Alfaro’s Evans, Colorado construction company.
- Dole Pineapple Plantation, Oahu.
- Tanglewood Music Center Hedge Maze, Lenox and Stockbridge, Massachusetts.
## South Africa.
Chartwell Castle in Johannesburg claims to have the biggest known unint... | 3,005 |
20161 | Maze | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maze | Maze
Longitude 51°06'43.68"W)
# Mazes in popular culture.
## Mazes on Television.
- Both "Nubeluz" and "American Gladiators", from Peru and the United States respectively, featured a giant life-size maze used in competition. The object on both programs was for the contestants to find their way from the entrance to t... | 3,006 |
20161 | Maze | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maze | Maze
ssible. On "Nubeluz", the contestants took turns running through the maze; on "American Gladiators", both contestants ran through the maze simultaneously. The giant maze was part of the game rotation on both programs concurrently, and was also retired from both programs simultaneously.
## Fictional mazes.
- The ... | 3,007 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
Muon
The muon (; from the Greek letter mu (μ) used to represent it) is an elementary particle similar to the electron, with an electric charge of −1 "e" and a spin of 1/2, but with a much greater mass. It is classified as a lepton. As is the case with other leptons, the muon is not believed to have any sub-struct... | 3,008 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
(rather than the more powerful strong interaction or electromagnetic interaction), and because the mass difference between the muon and the set of its decay products is small, providing few kinetic degrees of freedom for decay. Muon decay almost always produces at least three particles, which must include an elect... | 3,009 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
(see ), and that name is no longer used by the physics community.
Muons have a mass of , which is about 207 times that of the electron. Due to their greater mass, muons are not as sharply accelerated when they encounter electromagnetic fields, and do not emit as much bremsstrahlung (deceleration radiation). This ... | 3,010 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
mass and energy compared with the decay energy of radioactivity, they are never produced by radioactive decay. They are, however, produced in copious amounts in high-energy interactions in normal matter, in certain particle accelerator experiments with hadrons, or naturally in cosmic ray interactions with matter. ... | 3,011 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
in 1936, while studying cosmic radiation. Anderson noticed particles that curved differently from electrons and other known particles when passed through a magnetic field. They were negatively charged but curved less sharply than electrons, but more sharply than protons, for particles of the same velocity. It was ... | 3,012 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
confirmed in 1937 by J. C. Street and E. C. Stevenson's cloud chamber experiment.
A particle with a mass in the meson range had been predicted before the discovery of any mesons, by theorist Hideki Yukawa:
It seems natural to modify the theory of Heisenberg and Fermi in the following way. The transition of a hea... | 3,013 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
from cosmic ray interactions), and shown to differ from the earlier-discovered mu meson by having the correct properties to be a particle which mediated the nuclear force.
With two particles now known with the intermediate mass, the more general term "meson" was adopted to refer to any such particle within the co... | 3,014 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
experiments later, it was eventually found that the mu meson significantly differed not only from the pi meson (of about the same mass), but also from all other types of mesons. The difference, in part, was that mu mesons did not interact with the nuclear force, as pi mesons did (and were required to do, in Yukawa... | 3,015 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
other than the mu meson were understood to be hadrons—that is, particles made of quarks—and thus subject to the nuclear force. In the quark model, a "meson" was no longer defined by mass (for some had been discovered that were very massive—more than nucleons), but instead were particles composed of exactly two qua... | 3,016 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
of particle structure.
With this change in definition, the term "mu meson" was abandoned, and replaced whenever possible with the modern term "muon", making the term mu meson only historical. In the new quark model, other types of mesons sometimes continued to be referred to in shorter terminology (e.g., "pion" f... | 3,017 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
the Rossi–Hall experiment (1941), muons were used to observe the time dilation (or, alternatively, length contraction) predicted by special relativity, for the first time.
# Muon sources.
Muons arriving on the Earth's surface are created indirectly as decay products of collisions of cosmic rays with particles of... | 3,018 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
light. Although their lifetime "without" relativistic effects would allow a half-survival distance of only about 456 m (2.197 µs×ln(2) × 0.9997×c) at most (as seen from Earth) the time dilation effect of special relativity (from the viewpoint of the Earth) allows cosmic ray secondary muons to survive the flight to... | 3,019 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
to be far shorter than these distances in the Earth rest-frame. Both effects are equally valid ways of explaining the fast muon's unusual survival over distances.
Since muons are unusually penetrative of ordinary matter, like neutrinos, they are also detectable deep underground (700 meters at the Soudan 2 detecto... | 3,020 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
as the beam used for the muon "g" − 2 experiment.
# Muon decay.
Muons are unstable elementary particles and are heavier than electrons and neutrinos but lighter than all other matter particles. They decay via the weak interaction. Because leptonic family numbers are conserved in the absence of an extremely unlik... | 3,021 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
Thus all muons decay to at least an electron, and two neutrinos. Sometimes, besides these necessary products, additional other particles that have no net charge and spin of zero (e.g., a pair of photons, or an electron-positron pair), are produced.
The dominant muon decay mode (sometimes called the Michel decay a... | 3,022 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
and antimuon lifetimes has been established to better than one part in 10.
## Prohibited decays.
Certain neutrino-less decay modes are kinematically allowed but are, for all practical purposes, forbidden in the Standard Model, even given that neutrinos have mass and oscillate. Examples forbidden by lepton flavou... | 3,023 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
of such decay modes would constitute clear evidence for theories beyond the Standard Model. Upper limits for the branching fractions of such decay modes were measured in many experiments starting more than years ago. The current upper limit for the → + branching fraction was measured 2009–2013 in the MEG experimen... | 3,024 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
on ,
where formula_3, and formula_4 is the fraction of the maximum energy transmitted to the electron.
The decay distributions of the electron in muon decays have been parameterised using the so-called Michel parameters. The values of these four parameters are predicted unambiguously in the Standard Model of par... | 3,025 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
momentum vector, and formula_8 is the fraction of muons that are forward-polarized. Integrating this expression over electron energy gives the angular distribution of the daughter electrons:
The electron energy distribution integrated over the polar angle (valid for formula_10) is
Due to the muons decaying by th... | 3,026 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
distribution computed using the standard, unprecessional, Michel Parameters can be seen displaying a periodicity of π radians. This can be shown to physically correspond to a phase change of π, introduced in the electron distribution as the angular momentum is changed by the action of the charge conjugation operat... | 3,027 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
fact is true for all lepton interactions in The Standard Model.
# Muonic atoms.
The muon was the first elementary particle discovered that does not appear in ordinary atoms.
## Negative muon atoms.
"Negative" muons can, however, form muonic atoms (previously called mu-mesic atoms), by replacing an electron in ... | 3,028 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
is nearly unchanged. However, in such cases the orbital of the muon continues to be smaller and far closer to the nucleus than the atomic orbitals of the electrons.
Muonic helium is created by substituting a muon for one of the electrons in helium-4. The muon orbits much closer to the nucleus, so muonic helium ca... | 3,029 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
than an inert helium atom.
Muonic heavy hydrogen atoms with a negative muon may undergo nuclear fusion in the process of muon-catalyzed fusion, after the muon may leave the new atom to induce fusion in another hydrogen molecule. This process continues until the negative muon is captured by a helium nucleus, and c... | 3,030 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
by a proton since it would need to be an antiproton. The positive muon is also not attracted to the nucleus of atoms. Instead, it binds a random electron and with this electron forms an exotic atom known as muonium (Mu) atom. In this atom, the muon acts as the nucleus. The positive muon, in this context, can be co... | 3,031 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
a short-lived pi-mu atom consisting of a muon and an oppositely charged pion. These atoms were observed in the 1970s in experiments at Brookhaven and Fermilab.
# Use in measurement of the proton charge radius.
The experimental technique that is expected to provide the most precise determination of the root-mean-... | 3,032 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
hence a larger probability for it to be found inside the proton in muonic hydrogen compared to the electron in atomic hydrogen. The Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen was measured by driving the muon from a 2s state up to an excited 2p state using a laser. The frequency of the photons required to induce two such (sligh... | 3,033 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
the proton on scattering of electrons by nuclei and the light spectrum (photon energies) from excited atomic hydrogen. The official value updated in 2014 is (see orders of magnitude for comparison to other sizes).
The expected precision of this result is inferior to that from muonic hydrogen by about a factor of ... | 3,034 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
late 2015, and has attracted much attention, in part because of the possibility that both measurements are valid, which would imply the influence of some "new physics".
# Anomalous magnetic dipole moment.
The anomalous magnetic dipole moment is the difference between the experimentally observed value of the magn... | 3,035 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
E821 reported the following average value in 2006:
where the first errors are statistical and the second systematic.
The prediction for the value of the muon anomalous magnetic moment includes three parts:
The difference between the "g"-factors of the muon and the electron is due to their difference in mass. Be... | 3,036 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
new physics beyond the Standard Model, such as supersymmetry. For this reason, the muon's anomalous magnetic moment is normally used as a probe for new physics beyond the Standard Model rather than as a test of QED. Muon "g"−2, a new experiment at Fermilab using the E821 magnet will improve the precision of this m... | 3,037 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
of muon transmission radiography based on cosmic ray sources was first used in the 1950s to measure the depth of the overburden of a tunnel in Australia and in the 1960s to search for possible hidden chambers in the Pyramid of Chephren in Giza. In 2017, the discovery of a large void (with a length of 30 m minimum)... | 3,038 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
started to use it.
In August 2014, Decision Sciences International Corporation announced it had been awarded a contract by Toshiba for use of its muon tracking detectors in reclaiming the Fukushima nuclear complex. The Fukushima Daiichi Tracker (FDT) was proposed to make a few months of muon measurements to show ... | 3,039 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization KEK call the method they developed for Unit 1 the muon permeation method; 1,200 optical fibers for wavelength conversion light up when muons come into contact with them. After a month of data collection, it is hoped to reveal the location and amount of fuel debris stil... | 3,040 |
20146 | Muon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muon | Muon
location and amount of fuel debris still inside the reactor. The measurements began in February 2015.
# See also.
- Muonic atoms
- Muon spin spectroscopy
- Muon-catalyzed fusion
- Muon tomography
- Comet (experiment), searching for the elusive coherent neutrino-less conversion of a muon to an electron in J-P... | 3,041 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg (11 November 1599 – 28 March 1655) was a German princess and queen consort of Sweden.
She was the daughter of John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg, and Anna, Duchess of Prussia, daughter of Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia.
... | 3,042 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
Engagement.
In 1616, the 22-year-old Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden started looking around for a Protestant bride. He had since 1613 tried to get his mother's permission to marry the noblewoman Ebba Brahe, but this was not allowed, and he had to give up his wishes to marry her, though he con... | 3,043 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
because Prussia was a Polish fief and the Polish King Sigismund III Vasa still resented his loss of Sweden to Gustavus Adolphus' father Charles IX.
Maria Eleonora had additional suitors in the young William of Orange, Wladislaw Vasa of Poland, Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg and even the f... | 3,044 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
his castle in Stockholm redecorated and started making preparations to leave for Berlin to press his suit in person, when a letter arrived from Maria Eleonora's mother to his mother. The Electress demanded in no uncertain terms that the Queen Dowager should prevent her son's journey, as "b... | 3,045 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
1619, and the prospect of a Swedish marriage seemed gone with him. In the spring of 1620, however, stubborn Gustavus Adolphus arrived in Berlin. The Electress Dowager maintained an attitude of reserve and even refused to grant the Swedish king a personal meeting with Maria Eleonora. All th... | 3,046 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
hurried back to Sweden to make arrangements for the reception of his bride.
The new Elector, George William, who resided in Prussia, was appalled when he heard of his mother's independent action. He wrote to Gustavus Adolphus to refuse his consent to the marriage until Sweden and Poland h... | 3,047 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
Maria Eleonora in Brunswick. A detachment of the Swedish fleet took the women over to Kalmar, where Gustavus Adolphus was impatiently awaiting them. The wedding took place in Stockholm on 25 November 1620. A comedy was performed based on the history of Olof Skötkonung. Gustavus Adolphus - ... | 3,048 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
and beautiful and she had good taste, although her character showed some extravagant traits. Maria Eleonora had a definite liking for entertainment and sweetmeats, and she soon succumbed to the current fashionable craze for buffoons and dwarfs. She spoke French, the court language of the a... | 3,049 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
sombre forests and wooded houses, roofed with turf. She also pined for her husband. A year after their wedding she had a miscarriage and became seriously ill. She was tempestuous, excessive, neurotic and jealous. She was often given to harsh language, and she did not spare her husband, eve... | 3,050 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
of Poland and his sons. With Gustavus Adolphus risking his life in battles, an heir to the throne was anxiously awaited. In the autumn Maria Eleonora was pregnant for a third time. In May 1625 she was in good spirits and insisted on accompanying her husband on the royal yacht to review the... | 3,051 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
his wife again. It is likely that she gave way to depression and grief, as we know she did in 1627, and it is probably for this reason that the king let his queen join him in Livonia after the Poles had been defeated in January 1626. By April, Maria Eleonora found she was again pregnant. N... | 3,052 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
nose and was covered with hair. Thus, it was assumed the baby was a boy, and so the King was told. Closer inspection, however, determined that the baby was a girl. Gustavus Adolphus' half-sister Catherine informed him that the child was a girl. She "carried the baby in her arms to the king... | 3,053 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
seems to indicate that Gustavus Adolphus, at the age of 33, had little hope of having other children. Maria Eleonora's state of health seems to be the most likely explanation for this. Her later portraits and actions, however, do not indicate that she was physically fragile.
Shortly after... | 3,054 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
to injure the child.
In Christina's early childhood, she repeatedly met with accidents. Once a beam fell mysteriously upon the cradle. Another time, she fell from a flight of stairs, apparently by accident. On another occasion the nursemaid was blamed for dropping the baby onto a stone fl... | 3,055 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
so after 1627 when her brother joined Sweden's enemies. Meanwhile, her husband's life was constantly in danger when he was on campaign. In 1627 Gustavus Adolphus was both ill and wounded. Two years later he had a narrow escape at Stuhm.
Gustavus Adolphus was devoted to his daughter and tr... | 3,056 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
Adolphus' half-sister Catherine and the Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna.
In 1630 Gustavus Adolphus concluded that Habsburg designs for Baltic supremacy threatened Sweden's very existence and also its religious freedom. Before he left to join the Thirty Years War, he discussed a possible regen... | 3,057 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
others come to rule over them."
# Widowhood.
During the next two years Gustavus Adolphus marched across a devastated Germany, conquering Pomerania and Mecklenburg. In early November 1632 he went to Erfurt to say goodbye to Maria Eleonora, who had been in Germany since the previous winter... | 3,058 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
were in possession of the key position. The king's body was found lying face downwards in the mud, plundered of everything but his shirt.
Maria Eleonora was not included in the regency government during the minority of her daughter, as the council of the state did not consider her suitabl... | 3,059 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
and that she had been excluded from it, Maria Eleonora was reportedly offended, and pointed out that her late mother-in-law, Christina of Holstein-Gottorp, had served as regent during the minority of her late spouse. In reply, however, the representative of the regency council, Gabriel Gus... | 3,060 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
and John III of Sweden had provided for such a regency for both his first queen, Catherine Jagiellon, as well as for his second, Gunilla Bielke. Maria Eleonora, however, accepted the response, and declared that she would satisfied to entrust politics to others and to be in control of the c... | 3,061 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
in rooms draped with black and lit by candles day and night, from which every ray of light was excluded. She made her daughter sleep with her in a bed over which her father's heart was hung in a golden casket. Things were made worse by Maria Eleonora's continual weeping. Christina, who als... | 3,062 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
Eleonora had plunged into a prolonged period of emotional dysregulation due to grief. She found it more difficult than ever to conceal her dislike of Swedish "rocks and mountains, the freezing air, and all the rest of it". During the rest of her life she preserved the memory of her husband... | 3,063 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
her and intended for Sweden's archenemy, the King Christian IV of Denmark, was intercepted. After a summons, Maria Eleonora appeared at her daughter's court in a flood of tears in the summer of 1640. Queen Christina, 13 years old, reasoned with her mother and dissuaded her from taking up r... | 3,064 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
that the Council would not permit the queen mother any leave. Eventually her mother asked to leave Sweden altogether. Christina invited her to Stockholm, attempting to persuade her to stay in the country. At night the two ladies let themselves down from a window and were rowed in a boat to... | 3,065 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
compensation from Sweden, where on the contrary the Council expected to withdraw her appanage as well as her properties. Finally the teenage Christina succeeded in negotiating a certain alimony for her mother, adding to this from her own purse.
In Denmark, Maria Eleonora became the guest ... | 3,066 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
long for Sweden, and in 1648 she returned. Queen Christina went to meet her mother's ship. It was delayed by a storm and the young queen slept in the open for two nights and contracted a fever, which kept her in bed for some days. In October 1650 Maria Eleonora attended her daughter's post... | 3,067 |
20158 | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria%20Eleonora%20of%20Brandenburg | Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg
expensive, but Christina never paid. Instead she handed it back in 1652.
In June 1654, Christina shocked everyone when she decided to abdicate in favour of her cousin Charles Gustav. Maria Eleonora had grave doubts about her daughter's abdication and its possible effect upon her own finan... | 3,068 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
Milwaukee Brewers
The Milwaukee Brewers are an American professional baseball team based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Brewers compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) Central division. The team is named for the city's association with the brewing industry. S... | 3,069 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
at Milwaukee County Stadium. In , the Brewers joined the National League. They are the only franchise to play in four divisions since the advent of divisional play in Major League Baseball in 1969. They are also one of two current MLB franchises to switch leagues in their history, the other one being ... | 3,070 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
team in 1969, in Seattle, Washington, as the Seattle Pilots, the club played for one season in the American League West Division before being acquired in bankruptcy court by Bud Selig, who then moved the team to Milwaukee. They would continue to play in the West Division for two more years. Before the... | 3,071 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
which they moved to the National League Central Division. Milwaukee had previously been a National League city when its team was the Milwaukee Braves (1953–1965).
In 1981, Milwaukee won the American League East Division in the second half of the strike-shortened season. In the playoffs, they lost the... | 3,072 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
put in the then recently created NL Central.
In 2008, for the first time in the 26 years since their World Series appearance, the Brewers advanced to postseason play by winning the National League wild card. They were eliminated in the National League Division Series by the eventual World Series cham... | 3,073 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
first time since 2011 with a 2–1 victory over the St. Louis Cardinals on September 26, 2018.
On September 29, they tied with the Cubs for first place in the National League Central, with a record of 95–67; at the end of the day on September 30, the Cubs and Brewers were still tied. This tie was broke... | 3,074 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
Because the move to Milwaukee received final approval less than a week before the start of the season, there was no time to order new uniforms. Selig had originally planned to change the Brewers' colors to navy blue and red in honor of the minor league American Association's Milwaukee Brewers, but was... | 3,075 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
and they have remained so ever since.
The Brewers finally got their own flannel design in 1971. This design was essentially the same as the one used in 1970, but with blue and yellow piping on the sleeves and collar. In 1972, the Brewers entered the double-knit era with uniforms based upon their flan... | 3,076 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
The Brewers mascot, Bernie Brewer (a man with a large yellow mustache wearing a Brewers hat) was introduced in 1973.
### 1978–93.
The Brewers unveiled new uniforms for the 1978 season. The uniforms featured pinstripes with a solid blue collar and waistband. The road uniforms continued to be powder b... | 3,077 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
front panel. Additionally, their batting helmets had a white front panel. The club wore these uniforms in their pennant-winning season of 1982. Only minor changes were made until 1990; the color of the road uniforms changed to gray in 1986, while the blue-yellow-blue road cap and white-paneled batting... | 3,078 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
while those outfits had their piping changed from blue-yellow-blue to blue-yellow. The road jerseys were the first uniforms in franchise history to feature player names on the back; names were added to the home jerseys beginning in 1993.
### 1994–99.
In 1994, in collaboration with the Brewers celebr... | 3,079 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
piping around the collar, buttons, and sleeves, following a trend that was popular in the 1990s. The uniforms' lettering had the same style of letters as the new cap logo with heavily stylized "BREWERS" lettering on the home jerseys and "MILWAUKEE" on the road grays. For the first time, an alternative... | 3,080 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
modified, with the main logo being removed from the caps and replaced with an "M". All navy caps were worn with both the home and away uniforms; the home hats featured a white "M" and the road caps had a gold "M." The green socks that had previously been worn on the road were changed to navy blue. The... | 3,081 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
in style to the Miller logo, with a head of barley underlining it, symbolizing Milwaukee's beer-making industry. The home uniforms also featured a patch on the left sleeve consisting of the cap logo with a gold outline of the state of Wisconsin behind it, showing the Brewers statewide appeal. The road... | 3,082 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
damage to the first base side of the stadium, delayed the opening of Miller Park for one year, so the uniforms actually debuted at Milwaukee County Stadium in the ballpark's final year.
In 2006, the Brewers introduced Retro Sundays, when the Brewers would wear uniforms featuring the "ball-in-glove" l... | 3,083 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
of those days if a starting pitcher chooses the retro uniforms to wear during his start. In 2010, the Brewers debuted a new alternate road jersey which, like the other alternate jersey, is navy blue, but bears a script "Milwaukee" on the front. In 2013, a gold alternate jersey with "Brewers" on the fr... | 3,084 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
2016, the Brewers replaced their road navy and home gold alternates with a new navy alternate jersey. The uniform is similar to the previous road navy alternate but with yellow replacing gold as the trim color, and is paired with a navy cap featuring the "ball-and-glove" logo. Since 2017, both alterna... | 3,085 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
won the Cy Young Award in the American League. Rollie Fingers won in 1981, and Pete Vuckovich won in 1982. Two players have been named Rookie of the Year. Pat Listach won the American League's award in 1992, and Ryan Braun won the National League award in 2007.
Christian Yelich won the National Leagu... | 3,086 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
Out of circulation, but not retired.
- 17: Has not been issued since Jim Gantner's retirement in 1992. The only time it was issued after 1992 was from 1996 to 1997 when he returned as first base coach.
# Franchise leaders.
## Career leaders.
"Note: Pos = Position; GP = Games played; R = Runs; H = ... | 3,087 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
of the Ford C. Frick Award from the Baseball Hall of Fame, joined the Brewers in 1970, when the team moved from Seattle, and has been there ever since. Alongside Uecker are Jeff Levering and Lane Grindle. Levering joined the team's radio broadcast in 2015 as a fill-in for Uecker on select road games a... | 3,088 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
who departed to do play-by-play for the Cubs on WGN in 1996. The Brewers radio broadcasts usually feature a 2-2-2-1-2 format where Uecker does solo play-by-play for the first, middle and last 2 innings, while Levering does innings 3-4 and 7, and both doing analysis throughout and varied presentation f... | 3,089 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
ESPN Deportes Radio affiliate WRRD (1510), with Jaime Cano serving as play-by-play announcer. In 2017 the station was purchased by another party which instituted an English-language talk format, effectively ending that arrangement.
Most of the team's television broadcasts are aired on Fox Sports Wisc... | 3,090 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
2010 season was the first year where all of Fox Sports Wisconsin's games were broadcast in high definition. Anderson (who also is a part of TBS playoff coverage) also provided play-by-play for the 2011 NLCS due to Ernie Johnson stepping aside for the year due to a medical situation with his son. Since... | 3,091 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
a package of 15 games and one spring training game over-the-air on WMLW-CA (then-Channel 41/58.2) in Milwaukee each season with FSN Wisconsin producing the telecasts and Weigel selling air time for each of those games and additional games added depending on weather postponements and pennant race stand... | 3,092 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
with Spanish language play-by-play on Telemundo affiliate WYTU-LD (Channels 63/58.4), which produces their own broadcasts using FSN's camera positions with Hector Molina on play-by-play and bilingual WDJT sports anchor Kevin Holden on color.
Five of the six major network television stations in Milwau... | 3,093 |
20152 | Milwaukee Brewers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milwaukee%20Brewers | Milwaukee Brewers
r the years, with WTMJ-TV being the original broadcaster in the 1970s. WVTV carried the team for the bulk of the 1980s and early 1990s, with WCGV-TV following from 1994 until 2004, and WISN-TV carrying select Sunday games at the beginning of the 2000s. WITI is the only station not to have carried loca... | 3,094 |
20162 | Mammoth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mammoth | Mammoth
Mammoth
A mammoth is any species of the extinct genus Mammuthus, one of the many genera that make up the order of trunked mammals called proboscideans. The various species of mammoth were commonly equipped with long, curved tusks and, in northern species, a covering of long hair. They lived from the Pliocene e... | 3,095 |
20162 | Mammoth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mammoth | Mammoth
years ago during the early Pliocene in what is now southern and eastern Africa. Descendant species of these mammoths moved north and continued to propagate into numerous subsequent species, eventually covering most of Eurasia before extending into the Americas at least 600,000 years ago. The last species to eme... | 3,096 |
20162 | Mammoth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mammoth | Mammoth
55 million years ago around the Tethys Sea area. The closest relatives of the Proboscidea are the sirenians and the hyraxes. The family Elephantidae is known to have existed six million years ago in Africa, and includes the living elephants and the mammoths. Among many now extinct clades, the mastodon is only a... | 3,097 |
20162 | Mammoth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mammoth | Mammoth
history of the genus through morphological studies. Mammoth species can be identified from the number of enamel ridges on their molars; the primitive species had few ridges, and the amount increased gradually as new species evolved and replaced the former ones. At the same time, the crowns of the teeth became l... | 3,098 |
20162 | Mammoth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mammoth | Mammoth
years ago; the earliest known type has been named "M. rumanus", which spread across Europe and China. Only its molars are known, which show it had 8–10 enamel ridges. A population evolved 12–14 ridges and split off from and replaced the earlier type, becoming "M. meridionalis". In turn, this species was replace... | 3,099 |
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