wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2507344 | 31-bit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=31-bit | 31-bit
use of BAS, BASR, BASSM and BSM, in particular, pp. 29–30.
# 370/ESA architecture.
In the 1990s IBM introduced 370/ESA architecture (later named 390/ESA and finally ESA/390 or System/390, in short S/390), completing the evolution to full 31-bit virtual addressing and keeping this addressing mode flag. These la... | 32,800 |
2507344 | 31-bit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=31-bit | 31-bit
zSeries Model 900. Unlike the XA transition, z/Architecture does not reserve a top bit to identify earlier code. z/Architecture maintains compatibility with 24-bit and 31-bit code, even older code running concurrently with newer 64-bit code.
# Linux/390.
Since Linux/390 was first released for the existing 32-b... | 32,801 |
2507344 | 31-bit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=31-bit | 31-bit
it data/31-bit addressing hardware in 1999, initial mainframe Linux applications compiled in pre-z/Architecture mode are also limited to 31-bit addressing. This limitation disappeared with 64-bit hardware, 64-bit Linux on z Systems, and 64-bit Linux applications. The 64-bit Linux distributions still run 32-bit d... | 32,802 |
2507430 | Vietnamese martial arts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vietnamese%20martial%20arts | Vietnamese martial arts
Vietnamese martial arts
Traditional Vietnamese martial arts ("Võ thuật Cổ Truyền Việt Nam") can be loosely divided into those of the Sino-Vietnamese descended from the Han, and the Chams or indigenous Vietnamese.
# Modern schools.
Modern styles, or Phái (schools), include:
- Võ thuật Bình Đị... | 32,803 |
2507430 | Vietnamese martial arts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vietnamese%20martial%20arts | Vietnamese martial arts
võ sư master
- võ phục tunic
- võ kinh martial arts scripture
- Bắc Việt võ Northern Vietnam style
- quyền fist, such as Hùng kê quyền, Hồng Gia quyền, Lão mai quyền
- võ thuật Bình Định martial arts of Bình Định
- Đấu vật ring wrestling (can also mean western wrestling)
- Hand techniques... | 32,804 |
2507430 | Vietnamese martial arts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vietnamese%20martial%20arts | Vietnamese martial arts
ục tunic
- võ kinh martial arts scripture
- Bắc Việt võ Northern Vietnam style
- quyền fist, such as Hùng kê quyền, Hồng Gia quyền, Lão mai quyền
- võ thuật Bình Định martial arts of Bình Định
- Đấu vật ring wrestling (can also mean western wrestling)
- Hand techniques (đòn tay)
- Elbow t... | 32,805 |
2507409 | Attilio | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Attilio | Attilio
Attilio
Saint Attilio, one of the legendary martyrs of the Theban Legion, is venerated as a saint in the area of Trino Vercellese, in Piedmont, north-west Italy and commemorated on 28 June. However his cult is no longer officially recognized by the Roman Catholic Church and he has no entry in its current marty... | 32,806 |
2507395 | Project FUBELT | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Project%20FUBELT | Project FUBELT
Project FUBELT
Project FUBELT (also known as Track II) is the codename for the secret Central Intelligence Agency operations that were to prevent Salvador Allende's rise to power before his confirmation and to promote a military coup in Chile.
The highlights of Project FUBELT are cited in declassified ... | 32,807 |
2507395 | Project FUBELT | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Project%20FUBELT | Project FUBELT
decisions and operations to undermine the election of Salvador Allende in September 1970 and to promote a military coup.
In November 1970, the US National Security Council issued National Security Decision Memorandum 93, which replaced FUBELT.
# Revelations from declassified documents.
Among the revel... | 32,808 |
2507395 | Project FUBELT | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Project%20FUBELT | Project FUBELT
is established, headed by veteran agent David Atlee Phillips. The memorandum notes that the CIA must prepare an action plan for National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger within 48 hours.
- Henry Kissinger, Thomas Karamessines and Alexander Haig (military assistant to Henry Kissinger), in a meeting on Oc... | 32,809 |
2507395 | Project FUBELT | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Project%20FUBELT | Project FUBELT
a series of secret operations intended to push President Eduardo Frei Montalva to support "a military coup which would prevent Allende from taking office on 3 November."
- After Salvador Allende's election, the United States considered trying to get Chile expelled from the Organization of American State... | 32,810 |
2507395 | Project FUBELT | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Project%20FUBELT | Project FUBELT
anization of American States.
- Embassy officers and the State Department Policy Planning office called for the cutting off of economic and military assistance to Pinochet's government on human rights grounds, but were overruled by the Ambassador and officials of The Pentagon and Treasury Department.
#... | 32,811 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
Tony Richardson
Cecil Antonio "Tony" Richardson (5 June 1928 – 14 November 1991) was an English filmmaker. He was best known for directing the films "Tom Jones" (1963), which won him the Academy Award for Best Director; "The Hotel New Hampshire" (1984); and his final film, "Blue Sky" (1994).
# Early l... | 32,812 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
the President of both the Oxford University Dramatic Society and the Experimental Theatre Club (the ETC), in addition to being the theatre critic for the university magazine "Isis". Those he cast in his student productions included Shirley Williams (as Cordelia), John Schlesinger, Nigel Davenport and Ro... | 32,813 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
he was involved in the formation of the English Stage Company, along with his close friend George Goetschius and George Devine. He directed John Osborne's play "Look Back in Anger" at the Royal Court Theatre, and in the same period he directed Shakespeare in Stratford-upon-Avon. Then in 1957 he directed... | 32,814 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
for "Tom Jones" (1963) based on the novel by Henry Fielding. His next film was "The Loved One" (1965), during which he worked with established stars including John Gielgud, Rod Steiger and Robert Morse working in Hollywood both on location and on the sound stage. In his autobiography, he confesses that ... | 32,815 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
Seth Green, Tommy Lee Jones, Paul Scofield and Judi Dench. His musical composers included Antoine Duhamel, John Addison and Shel Silverstein. His screenwriters were Jean Genet, Christopher Isherwood, Terry Southern, Marguerite Duras, Edward Bond (adapting Vladimir Nabokov) and Edward Albee. Richardson a... | 32,816 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
the producers had obligations. Osborne took literary revenge by creating a fictionalised and pseudonymous Richardson – a domineering and arrogant character whom everyone hated – in his play "Hotel in Amsterdam".
Richardson's work was stylistically varied. "Mademoiselle" (1966) was shot "noir"-style on ... | 32,817 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
mood of "Tom Jones".
In 1970, Richardson was set to direct a film about Vaslav Nijinsky with a script by Edward Albee. It was to have starred Rudolf Nureyev as Nijinsky, Claude Jade as Romola and Paul Scofield as Diaghilev, but producer Harry Saltzman cancelled the project during pre-production.
In 19... | 32,818 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
the same name and starring Jodie Foster, Beau Bridges and Rob Lowe. Although it was a box office failure, the film received a positive critical reception.
Richardson made four more major films before his death. His last, "Blue Sky" (1994), was not released for nearly three years after he died. Jessica ... | 32,819 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
the marriage he had anticipated never materialised. In 1972, he also had a relationship with Grizelda Grimond, who was a secretary for Richardson's former business partner Oscar Lewenstein, and daughter of British politician Jo Grimond. Grizelda gave birth to his daughter, Katharine Grimond, on January ... | 32,820 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
(1960)
- "Sanctuary" (1961)
- "A Taste of Honey" (1961)
- "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner" (1962)
- "Tom Jones" (1963)
- "The Loved One" (1965)
- "Mademoiselle" (1966)
- "Red and Blue" (1967)
- "The Sailor from Gibraltar" (1967)
- "The Charge of the Light Brigade" (1968)
- "Laughte... | 32,821 |
43900 | Tony Richardson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tony%20Richardson | Tony Richardson
om Gibraltar" (1967)
- "The Charge of the Light Brigade" (1968)
- "Laughter in the Dark" (1969)
- "Hamlet" (1969)
- "Ned Kelly" (1970)
- "A Delicate Balance" (1973)
- "Dead Cert" (1974)
- "Mahogany" (uncredited; replaced by Berry Gordy 1975)
- "Joseph Andrews" (1977)
- "A Death in Canaan" (1978... | 32,822 |
2507390 | 5-Methyluridine | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=5-Methyluridine | 5-Methyluridine
5-Methyluridine
The chemical compound 5-methyluridine, also called ribothymidine, is a pyrimidine nucleoside. It is the ribonucleoside counterpart to the deoxyribonucleoside thymidine, which lacks a hydroxyl group at the 2' position. 5-Methyluridine contains a thymine base joined to a ribose pentose su... | 32,823 |
2507360 | Melf | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melf | Melf
Melf
In the "World of Greyhawk" campaign setting for the "Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy roleplaying game, Melf, also known as Prince Brightflame, is a grey elven archmage, and was originally a player character of Lucion Paul Gygax in Gary Gygax's home campaign. Melf is a native of the elven kingdom of Celene, and i... | 32,824 |
2507360 | Melf | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melf | Melf
by Gygax's son, Lucion Paul (Luke) Gygax.
Gary Gygax later recalled an incident during those early days of role-playing:
# Description.
Melf is 5'8", 147 lbs, and about 200 years old (appearing in his late 20s in human terms). He changes his appearance from time to time, though he always appears as an elf. 1983... | 32,825 |
2507360 | Melf | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melf | Melf
and thus some believe him to be naive. Charming and urbane, Melf enjoys good food, culture, and agreeable persons of the opposite gender.
Melf is vastly knowledgeable and experienced. He specializes in Iuz and buried evils, and is strongly opposed to both Iuz and the Scarlet Brotherhood.
# Relationships.
An all... | 32,826 |
2507360 | Melf | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melf | Melf
lands lost to the Empire of the Pomarj during the Greyhawk Wars.
Although secretive and protective, Melf is on good terms with luminaries such as Kieran Jalucian, King Belvor IV of Furyondy, and the rulers of Dyvers, Highfolk, and the City of Greyhawk. He and Mordenkainen have much respect for each other, but the... | 32,827 |
2507360 | Melf | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melf | Melf
is mentioned in "". This other Prince Brightflame is more than 150 years older than Melf and currently a heroic general battling demons in the Abyss.
There is some apocryphal evidence that Melf and Warduke may know each other. In 1983's "The Shady Dragon Inn" (a Mystara-based supplement for Basic D&D), Warduke is... | 32,828 |
2507360 | Melf | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melf | Melf
in Greyhawk. The "Greyhawk Player's Guide" says he is currently living in exile from Celene, sometimes in the City of Greyhawk.
# Spells.
Melf is responsible for developing such spells as Melf's Acid Arrow, Melf's Unicorn Arrow, and Melf's Minute Meteors.
# Writings.
Melf is known to have authored or co-author... | 32,829 |
2507360 | Melf | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melf | Melf
Lake Geneva, WI: TSR, 1984.
- Gygax, Gary. "Artifact of Evil" (TSR, 1986).
- Heard, Bruce. "Spells Between the Covers." ("Dragon" #82 (TSR, 1984).
- Holian, Gary, Erik Mona, Sean K Reynolds, and Frederick Weining. "Living Greyhawk Gazetteer" (Wizards of the Coast, 2000).
- Mobley, Blake, and Timothy B Brown. "... | 32,830 |
2507360 | Melf | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melf | Melf
- Gygax, Gary. "Artifact of Evil" (TSR, 1986).
- Heard, Bruce. "Spells Between the Covers." ("Dragon" #82 (TSR, 1984).
- Holian, Gary, Erik Mona, Sean K Reynolds, and Frederick Weining. "Living Greyhawk Gazetteer" (Wizards of the Coast, 2000).
- Mobley, Blake, and Timothy B Brown. "Greyhawk Ruins". Lake Geneva,... | 32,831 |
2507356 | Grunewald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grunewald | Grunewald
Grunewald
Grunewald () is a locality ("Ortsteil") within the Berlin borough ("Bezirk") of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Famous for the homonymous forest, until 2001 administrative reform it was part of the former district of Wilmersdorf.
# Geography.
The locality is situated in the western side of the city a... | 32,832 |
2507356 | Grunewald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grunewald | Grunewald
hunting lodge of 1543, the oldest preserved castle in Berlin, which is, however, officially located on the grounds of the adjacent Dahlem locality. It was erected in an Early Renaissance style by order of Elector Joachim II Hector of Brandenburg and named "Zum Gruenen Wald", the umlaut spelt with a following ... | 32,833 |
2507356 | Grunewald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grunewald | Grunewald
discovered Grunewald as an attractive site for living, which was incorporated into Greater Berlin in 1920. Today, the social structure of Grunewald is still influenced by these origins. The Rot-Weiss Tennis Club, home of the WTA Tour German Open, has been located in the district since 1897.
On June 24, 1922 ... | 32,834 |
2507356 | Grunewald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grunewald | Grunewald
North Macedonia, Poland, Serbia and Turkey.
Within the Grunewald forest is the artificial Teufelsberg hill, once a listening station of the US National Security Agency. At the shore of the Havel the Grunewaldturm, built by Franz Heinrich Schwechten in 1898, offers panoramic views of the Havelland region.
##... | 32,835 |
2507356 | Grunewald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grunewald | Grunewald
station.
# Notable residents.
- Fritz Ascher, Bismarckallee 26
- Berthold Auerbach, Auerbacher Straße
- Ingeborg Bachmann, Hasensprung 2, Koenigsallee 35
- Vicki Baum, Koenigsallee 43–45
- Walter Benjamin, Delbrückstraße 23
- Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Wangenheimstraße 14
- Arno Breker, Koenigsallee 65
- I... | 32,836 |
2507356 | Grunewald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grunewald | Grunewald
Alfred Kerr, Gneiststraße 9, Höhmannstraße 6, Douglasstraße 10
- Harry Graf Kessler, Höhmannstraße 6
- Hildegard Knef, Bettinastraße 12, Brahmsstraße 12
- Else Lasker-Schüler, Humboldtstraße 13
- Otto Lessing (sculptor), Wangenheimstraße 10
- Brigitte Mira, Koenigsallee 83
- Friedrich Olbricht, Wildpfad... | 32,837 |
2507356 | Grunewald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grunewald | Grunewald
inand Sauerbruch, Herthastraße 11
- Ulrich Schamoni, Furtwänglerstraße 19
- Romy Schneider, Winkler Straße 22
- Angelika Schrobsdorff, Johannaplatz 3
- Werner Sombart, Humboldtstraße 35a
- Hermann Sudermann, Bettinastraße 3
- Grethe Weiser, Herthastraße 17a
# Transportation.
Grunewald has access to th... | 32,838 |
2507452 | Reinfeld, Manitoba | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reinfeld,%20Manitoba | Reinfeld, Manitoba
Reinfeld, Manitoba
Reinfeld is an Unincorporated Urban Community (UUC) in the Rural Municipality of Stanley in the Pembina Valley region of Manitoba, Canada, about one km east of Winkler. Mainly a Mennonite community, its relative vicinity to Winkler makes it a possible candidate to become a suburb ... | 32,839 |
2507438 | The God of Hell | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20God%20of%20Hell | The God of Hell
The God of Hell
The God of Hell is a play by American playwright Sam Shepard. The play was written in part as a response to the events of September 11, 2001, and has been described by Shepard as "a take-off on Republican fascism." The plot concerns Wisconsin dairy farmer Frank and his wife Emma, and ho... | 32,840 |
2507438 | The God of Hell | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20God%20of%20Hell | The God of Hell
ndy Quaid as Frank, J. Smith-Cameron as Emma, and Frank Wood as Haynes. Previews began October 29, 2004, with the official opening on November 16, 2004. The show closed on November 28, 2004.
In October 2005, the play received its European premiere at the Donmar Warehouse in London, and featured Lesley ... | 32,841 |
2507446 | Militia Immaculatae | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Militia%20Immaculatae | Militia Immaculatae
Militia Immaculatae
The Militia Immaculatae (meaning the "Army of the Immaculate One"), called in English the Knights of the Immaculata, is a worldwide Catholic evangelization movement founded by St. Maximilian Kolbe in 1917.
# History.
The Militia of the Immaculata (MI) was founded in Rome at th... | 32,842 |
2507446 | Militia Immaculatae | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Militia%20Immaculatae | Militia Immaculatae
director, as well as to his Franciscan Superior at the house of studies in Rome, and was encouraged to proceed. The purpose of the M.I. is to draw souls back to the knowledge and importance of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and to how every soul can easily enter into this cons... | 32,843 |
2507446 | Militia Immaculatae | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Militia%20Immaculatae | Militia Immaculatae
of sinners, heretics, schismatics and so on, above all the Masons, and for the sanctification of all persons under the sponsorship of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Immaculate Mediatrix.- Fr. Maximilian Kolbe, 1938.
The association grew and spread to different countries. On October 16, 1997, the Pont... | 32,844 |
2507446 | Militia Immaculatae | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Militia%20Immaculatae | Militia Immaculatae
has over 3 million members in 48 countries.
The organization publishes "Miles Immaculatae", a six-monthly magazine of Marian culture and Kolbian formation. Founded by St. Maximilian Kolbe, specifically for priests and pastoral workers, it is now the official publication of the International Center.... | 32,845 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
Pyrazinamide
Pyrazinamide is a medication used to treat tuberculosis. For active tuberculosis, it is often used with rifampicin, isoniazid, and either streptomycin or ethambutol. It is not generally recommended for the treatment of latent tuberculosis. It is taken by mouth.
Common side effects include na... | 32,846 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
was first made in 1936, but did not come into wide use until 1972. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. Pyrazinamide is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 2.... | 32,847 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
"Mycobacterium leprae" are innately resistant to pyrazinamide.
Pyrazinamide is used in the first 2 months of treatment to reduce the duration of treatment required. Regimens not containing pyrazinamide must be taken for 9 months or more.
Pyrazinamide is a potent antiuricosuric drug and consequently has a... | 32,848 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
of pyrazinamide is hepatotoxicity, which is dose-related. The old dose for pyrazinamide was 40–70 mg/kg daily and the incidence of drug-induced hepatitis has fallen significantly since the recommended dose has been reduced to 12-30 mg/kg daily. In the standard four-drug regimen (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyra... | 32,849 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
pruritus, dysuria, interstitial nephritis, malaise, rarely porphyria, and fever.
# Pharmacokinetics.
Pyrazinamide is well absorbed orally. It crosses inflamed meninges and is an essential part of the treatment of tuberculous meningitis. It is metabolised by the liver and the metabolic products are excret... | 32,850 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
Mechanism of action.
Pyrazinamide is a prodrug that stops the growth of "M. tuberculosis".
Pyrazinamide diffuses into the granuloma of "M. tuberculosis", where the tuberculosis enzyme pyrazinamidase converts pyrazinamide to the active form pyrazinoic acid. Under acidic conditions of pH 5 to 6, the pyrazi... | 32,851 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
although this has been discounted. The accumulation of pyrazinoic acid was also suggested to disrupt membrane potential and interfere with energy production, necessary for survival of "M. tuberculosis" at an acidic site of infection. However, since an acidic environment is not essential for pyrazinamide su... | 32,852 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
of "M. tuberculosis", which encodes a pyrazinamidase and converts pyrazinamide to its active form pyrazinoic acid, are responsible for the majority of pyrazinamide resistance in "M. tuberculosis" strains. A few pyrazinamide-resistant strains with mutations in the "rpsA" gene have also been identified. Howe... | 32,853 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
Further, this strain was found to be susceptible to pyrazinamide in a mouse model of tuberculosis. Thus, current data indicate that "rpsA" mutations are not likely to be associated with pyrazinamide resistance. Currently, three main methods of testing are used for pyrazinamide resistance: 1) phenotypic tes... | 32,854 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
of tuberculosis to pyrazinamide has been estimated to be in 16% of all cases, and 60% of people with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
# Abbreviations.
The abbreviations PZA and Z are standard, and used commonly in the medical literature, although best practice discourages the abbreviating of drug names ... | 32,855 |
2507339 | Pyrazinamide | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrazinamide | Pyrazinamide
s also available as part of fixed-dose combinations with other TB drugs such as isoniazid and rifampicin ("Rifater" is an example).
# History.
Pyrazinamide was first discovered and patented in 1936, but not used against tuberculosis until 1952. Its discovery as an antitubercular agent was remarkable sinc... | 32,856 |
2507432 | Sumanene | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sumanene | Sumanene
Sumanene
Sumanene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and of scientific interest because the molecule can be considered a fragment of buckminsterfullerene. "Suman" means "sunflower" in both Hindi and Sanskrit. The core of the arene is a benzene ring and the periphery consists of alternating benzene rings (3)... | 32,857 |
2507432 | Sumanene | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sumanene | Sumanene
A Ullmann reaction of this stannane with CuTC affords the benzene core. The methylene bridges (--) created in this conversion then migrate in a tandem ring-opening metathesis and ring-closing metathesis by the Grubbs' catalyst. The final structure is obtained by oxidation by DDQ.
# Properties.
Sumanene is a ... | 32,858 |
2507432 | Sumanene | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sumanene | Sumanene
higher than that found for its corannulene cousin.
Like any benzylic proton, the sumanene protons can be abstracted by a strong base such as t-butyl lithium to form the sumanene mono carbanion. This strong nucleophile can react with an electrophile such as trimethylsilyl chloride to the trimethylsilyl derivat... | 32,859 |
2507460 | Kioni Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kioni%20Bay | Kioni Bay
Kioni Bay
Kioni Bay is positioned in the northeast of the Greek island of Ithaca, around the bay from the village of Kioni. Kioni village has remained relatively unspoiled by major tourist development. The village has been characterised as a 'traditional settlement' and therefore strict planning rules apply.... | 32,860 |
2507441 | I Wish It Would Rain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%20Wish%20It%20Would%20Rain | I Wish It Would Rain
I Wish It Would Rain
"I Wish It Would Rain" is a 1967 song recorded by the Temptations for the Motown label (under the "Gordy" imprint) and produced by Norman Whitfield.
# Overview.
## Background.
The song is one of the most melancholy in the Temptations repertoire, with lead singer David Ruffi... | 32,861 |
2507441 | I Wish It Would Rain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%20Wish%20It%20Would%20Rain | I Wish It Would Rain
instrumentation of The Funk Brothers studio band, and, courtesy of Whitfield, sound effects depicting the "sunshine and blue skies", with the sound of chirping seagulls, and the sound of thunder and rain described in the song. Producer Norman Whitfield devised much of the musical structure of the s... | 32,862 |
2507441 | I Wish It Would Rain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%20Wish%20It%20Would%20Rain | I Wish It Would Rain
the pain and unable to stop loving his wife, Penzabene expressed his pain in the lyrics of this song and its follow-up on the Temptations' release schedule, "I Could Never Love Another (After Loving You)". The distraught Penzabene committed suicide on New Year's Eve 1967, a week after the single's ... | 32,863 |
2507441 | I Wish It Would Rain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%20Wish%20It%20Would%20Rain | I Wish It Would Rain
Wish It Would Rain".
"I Wish It Would Rain" has been covered by a number of artists, including Percy Sledge (1994 on his Blue Night album), Gladys Knight & the Pips (peaking in the US at number 41 pop and 15 R&B). Marvin Gaye, Aretha Franklin from "Get It Right" (1983), Little Caesar, have also re... | 32,864 |
2507441 | I Wish It Would Rain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%20Wish%20It%20Would%20Rain | I Wish It Would Rain
ingdom. Gaye's version, produced under a funk sound and featuring just him in vocals, was the B-side to his number-one hit "Let's Get It On".
Australian singer songwriter, Jon Stevens recorded and released a version of the song in 1994, with money raised benefitting drought-stricken farmers. The s... | 32,865 |
2507464 | Marcus O'Sullivan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marcus%20O'Sullivan | Marcus O'Sullivan
Marcus O'Sullivan
Marcus O'Sullivan (born 22 December 1961) is an Irish retired middle-distance runner. He competed for Ireland at four Summer Olympics. After Steve Scott and John Walker, he is the third all-time by total of sub-4 minute miles run over the course of his career, at 101.
# Running car... | 32,866 |
2507464 | Marcus O'Sullivan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marcus%20O'Sullivan | Marcus O'Sullivan
his victories in 1987 and 1989, he set championship records. He was 4th in the 1991 Seville world indoor championships.
At the 1985 European Athletics Indoor Championships, O'Sullivan won a silver medal in the 1500m.
O'Sullivan qualified for four Olympic Games for Ireland: 1984, 1988, 1992, and 1996... | 32,867 |
2507464 | Marcus O'Sullivan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marcus%20O'Sullivan | Marcus O'Sullivan
1992, and 1996).
His personal best for the mile, which was set indoors in 1988, is 3:50.94. His personal best for the 1500 metres, which was set outdoors in 1996, is 3:33.61.
O'Sullivan, along with Irish runners Ray Flynn, Eamonn Coghlan, and Frank O'Mara established the still standing world record ... | 32,868 |
2507464 | Marcus O'Sullivan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marcus%20O'Sullivan | Marcus O'Sullivan
s before Kennedy's retirement.
In addition to his ties to American record holder Bob Kennedy, O'Sullivan has coached elite professional runners such as Canadian indoor world silver medalist Carmen Douma-Hussar, and New Zealander Adrian Blincoe.
He has a daughter named Laura O'Sullivan, who attends t... | 32,869 |
2507439 | Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lawrence%20Alexander%20Sidney%20Johnson | Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson
Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson
Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson FAA, (26 June 1925 – 1 August 1997) known as Lawrie Johnson, was an Australian taxonomic botanist. He worked at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, for the whole of his professional career, as a botanist (1948–1972), D... | 32,870 |
2507439 | Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lawrence%20Alexander%20Sidney%20Johnson | Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson
85) is accepted by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). Hopkinsiaceae and Lyginiaceae, (which he and B. G. Briggs proposed in 2000 be carved out of Anarthriaceae), have not been accepted by the APG.
Lawrie Johnson died of cancer in 1997.
He received many honours and awards, includin... | 32,871 |
2507423 | Franklyn Ajaye | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Franklyn%20Ajaye | Franklyn Ajaye
Franklyn Ajaye
Franklyn Ajaye (born May 13, 1949) is an American stand-up comedian and actor. His nickname is "The Jazz Comedian" for his distinctive jazz inflected style of delivery, timing, and astute use of silence. His name is sometimes wrongly spelled as "Franklin Ajaye".
# Life and career.
Ajaye... | 32,872 |
2507423 | Franklyn Ajaye | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Franklyn%20Ajaye | Franklyn Ajaye
(1986), and "Vagabond Jazz & the Abstract Truth" (2004). The last two were recorded in Sydney and Melbourne, Australia.
Ajaye made his network debut on "The Flip Wilson Show" in 1973 and made his first appearance on "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson" a year later. Ajaye emigrated to Melbourne, Au... | 32,873 |
2507423 | Franklyn Ajaye | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Franklyn%20Ajaye | Franklyn Ajaye
Truth" at the Melbourne International Comedy Festival.
He has worked as an actor, appearing in films such as "Sweet Revenge" (1976), "Car Wash" (1976), "Convoy" (1978), "Stir Crazy" (1980), the 1980 version of "The Jazz Singer", "Hysterical" (1982), "Get Crazy" (1983), "Fraternity Vacation" (1985), "Hol... | 32,874 |
2507423 | Franklyn Ajaye | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Franklyn%20Ajaye | Franklyn Ajaye
Rudolph). He has been nominated twice for Emmy Awards for Outstanding Writing in a Variety or Music Program for "In Living Color" (1990) and "Politically Incorrect" (1997).
He has worked on the hit family comedy series created and executive-produced by Robert Townsend, "The Parent 'Hood" (January 1995 -... | 32,875 |
2507423 | Franklyn Ajaye | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Franklyn%20Ajaye | Franklyn Ajaye
on the show include acting as "executive consultant" with Barry "Berry" Douglas in season 1 episode 9 ("Trial by Jerri") and episode 11 ("Nice Guys Finish Last") and as a co-producer with Douglas for season 2 episode 2 ("A Kiss is Just a Kiss").
Ajaye is the author of "Comic Insights: The Art of Standup... | 32,876 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
Reality
Reality is the sum or aggregate of all that is real or existent, as opposed to that which is merely imaginary. The term is also used to refer to the ontological status of things, indicating their existence. In physical terms, reality is the totality of the universe, known and unknown. Philosophical que... | 32,877 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
whether only physical objects are real (i.e., Physicalism), whether reality is fundamentally immaterial (e.g., Idealism), whether hypothetical unobservable entities posited by scientific theories exist, whether God exists, whether numbers and other abstract objects exist, and whether possible worlds exist.
# R... | 32,878 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
a religious discussion between friends, one might say (attempting humor), "You might disagree, but in my reality, everyone goes to heaven."
Reality can be defined in a way that links it to worldviews or parts of them (conceptual frameworks): Reality is the totality of all things, structures (actual and concept... | 32,879 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
beyond the perceptions or beliefs we each have about reality. Such attitudes are summarized in the popular statement, "Perception is reality" or "Life is how you perceive reality" or "reality is what you can get away with" (Robert Anton Wilson), and they indicate anti-realism – that is, the view that there is n... | 32,880 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
in 1966. It explained how knowledge is acquired and used for the comprehension of reality. Out of all the realities, the reality of everyday life is the most important one since our consciousness requires us to be completely aware and attentive to the experience of everyday life.
# Western philosophy.
Philoso... | 32,881 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
categories of reality and how they are interrelated. If a philosopher wanted to proffer a positive definition of the concept "reality", it would be done under this heading. As explained above, some philosophers draw a distinction between reality and existence. In fact, many analytic philosophers today tend to a... | 32,882 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
decades.
On the other hand, particularly in discussions of objectivity that have feet in both metaphysics and epistemology, philosophical discussions of "reality" often concern the ways in which reality is, or is not, in some way "dependent upon" (or, to use fashionable jargon, "constructed" out of) mental and... | 32,883 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
this and that, such as realism about universals or realism about the external world. Generally, where one can identify any class of object, the existence or essential characteristics of which is said not to depend on perceptions, beliefs, language, or any other human artifact, one can speak of "realism "about""... | 32,884 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
are actually ideas in the mind. In this view, one might be tempted to say that reality is a "mental construct"; this is not quite accurate, however, since, in Berkeley's view, perceptual ideas are created and coordinated by God. By the 20th century, views similar to Berkeley's were called phenomenalism. Phenome... | 32,885 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
anti-realism became a fashionable term for "any" view which held that the existence of some object depends upon the mind or cultural artifacts. The view that the so-called external world is really merely a social, or cultural, artifact, called social constructionism, is one variety of anti-realism. Cultural rel... | 32,886 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
scientific method can verify that a statement is true based on the observable evidence that a thing exists. Many humans can point to the Rocky Mountains and say that this mountain range exists, and continues to exist even if no one is observing it or making statements about it.
## Being.
The nature of being i... | 32,887 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
An ontological catalogue is an attempt to list the fundamental constituents of reality. The question of whether or not existence is a predicate has been discussed since the Early Modern period, not least in relation to the ontological argument for the existence of God. Existence, "that" something is, has been c... | 32,888 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
of perception and of mind out of the debate over the nature of conscious experience; the epistemological question of whether the world we see around us is the real world itself or merely an internal perceptual copy of that world generated by neural processes in our brain. Naïve realism is known as "direct" real... | 32,889 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
The theory states that, with a subconscious set of mental filters formed from their beliefs and experiences, every individual interprets the same world differently, hence "Truth is in the eye of the beholder". His ideas influenced the work of his friend Robert Anton Wilson.
## Abstract objects and mathematics.... | 32,890 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
approaches are selectively realistic about some mathematical objects but not others. Finitism rejects infinite quantities. Ultra-finitism accepts finite quantities up to a certain amount. Constructivism and intuitionism are realistic about objects that can be explicitly constructed, but reject the use of the pr... | 32,891 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
world being an illusion within it.
An extreme form of realism about mathematics is the mathematical multiverse hypothesis advanced by Max Tegmark. Tegmark's sole postulate is: "All structures that exist mathematically also exist physically". That is, in the sense that "in those [worlds] complex enough to conta... | 32,892 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
but can also be considered a mathematical monism in that it denies that anything exists except mathematical objects.
## Properties.
The problem of universals is an ancient problem in metaphysics about whether universals exist. Universals are general or abstract qualities, characteristics, properties, kinds or... | 32,893 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
distinct from the particulars that instantiate them. There are various forms of realism. Two major forms are Platonic realism and Aristotelian realism. "Platonic realism" is the view that universals are real entities and they exist independent of particulars. "Aristotelian realism", on the other hand, is the vi... | 32,894 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
mind. Some anti-realists whose ontological position is that objects outside the mind do exist, nevertheless doubt the independent existence of time and space.
Kant, in the "Critique of Pure Reason", described time as an "a priori" notion that, together with other "a priori" notions such as space, allows us to ... | 32,895 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
duration of) events. Although space and time are held to be "transcendentally ideal" in this sense, they are also "empirically real", i.e. not mere illusions.
Idealist writers such as J. M. E. McTaggart in "The Unreality of Time" have argued that time is an illusion.
As well as differing about the reality of ... | 32,896 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
said to have a scientific basis in relativity.
- The growing block universe theory holds that past and present are real, but the future is not.
Time, and the related concepts of process and evolution are central to the system-building metaphysics of A. N. Whitehead and Charles Hartshorne.
## Possible worlds.... | 32,897 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
to the actual world and some more remote. Other theorists may use the Possible World framework to express and explore problems without committing to it ontologically.
Possible world theory is related to alethic logic: a proposition is "necessary" if it is true in all possible worlds, and "possible" if it is tr... | 32,898 |
43854 | Reality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reality | Reality
attempts to answer "all" the important questions in a coherent way, providing a complete picture of the world. Plato and Aristotle could be said to be early examples of comprehensive systems. In the early modern period (17th and 18th centuries), the system-building "scope" of philosophy is often linked to the r... | 32,899 |
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