wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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1403152 | Hunter Mountain (New York) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hunter%20Mountain%20(New%20York) | Hunter Mountain (New York)
Mossy Brook Trail through this area (eliminated by the ski area's construction) for about to the beginning of state land. From there it is a gentle walk through boreal forest to the junction with the Spruceton Trail, and to the summit.
This route, at and of ascent, is probably the easiest wa... | 54,300 |
1403152 | Hunter Mountain (New York) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hunter%20Mountain%20(New%20York) | Hunter Mountain (New York)
also the shortest ... the Becker Hollow Trail, which begins along Route 214 north of Stony Clove Notch. It is only to the summit from here, but the vertical ascent of is the greatest of any approach and as a consequence the trail is infamous for being a continuous upward slope with no level s... | 54,301 |
1403152 | Hunter Mountain (New York) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hunter%20Mountain%20(New%20York) | Hunter Mountain (New York)
but may eventually be turned into a small museum as has already happened with nearby Overlook Mountain and Balsam Lake Mountain.
Some hikers have believed the site of the former fire tower to be the actual summit, as the land at that area seems to be higher when viewed from the fire tower. H... | 54,302 |
1403152 | Hunter Mountain (New York) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hunter%20Mountain%20(New%20York) | Hunter Mountain (New York)
hard to tell since like so many other Catskill summits Hunter is wide and flat.
Hitching racks, and a mounting platform similar to the one at the Spruceton trailhead, have been built and/or renovated recently.
## Fire tower.
A wooden fire tower had been in existence at the summit since the... | 54,303 |
1403152 | Hunter Mountain (New York) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hunter%20Mountain%20(New%20York) | Hunter Mountain (New York)
to whether this is, in fact, the mountain's actual summit.
Despite being closed after fire lookouts were no longer needed in 1990, its staircase and cab remained easily accessible to visitors and it was frequently climbed to provide a 360-degree view not normally found in the Catskills. Late... | 54,304 |
1403152 | Hunter Mountain (New York) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hunter%20Mountain%20(New%20York) | Hunter Mountain (New York)
. Later, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC), which administers the Forest Preserve, decided that instead of tearing it down matching funds should be raised from the nearby communities to renovate and reopen it, along with the other four remaining towers in the C... | 54,305 |
1403193 | Monster Hunter (video game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monster%20Hunter%20(video%20game) | Monster Hunter (video game)
Monster Hunter (video game)
Monster Hunter is an action role-playing game for the PlayStation 2. The game was developed and published by Capcom. "Monster Hunter" was released in North America on September 21, 2004. It was remade and expanded in Monster Hunter G, which was released in Japan ... | 54,306 |
1403193 | Monster Hunter (video game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monster%20Hunter%20(video%20game) | Monster Hunter (video game)
monsters but to reach the highest hunter rank, which is the storyline that is carried out online by non-player characters.
# Gameplay.
"Monster Hunter" places the player in the role of an up-and-coming hunter who must accomplish various quests to achieve glory. Armors, weapons, and other i... | 54,307 |
1403193 | Monster Hunter (video game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monster%20Hunter%20(video%20game) | Monster Hunter (video game)
Guild. Village Quests can be classified into four categories: hunting, gathering, capture and event. They are also categorized into different levels, ranging from 1 to 8. Higher level quests become available after quests in the previous level are completed. There are three types of quests:
... | 54,308 |
1403193 | Monster Hunter (video game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monster%20Hunter%20(video%20game) | Monster Hunter (video game)
feature. Every week, a new Event quest is available to hunters of any rank. These quests vary in style and difficulty. Some of the rarer weapons can be made only through Event quest rewards. Event quests are not vital to a hunter's success in the game, but are a useful way to gain experience... | 54,309 |
1403193 | Monster Hunter (video game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monster%20Hunter%20(video%20game) | Monster Hunter (video game)
or Gunners. The Blademaster classification consists of five sub-categories: Sword and Shield, Great Swords, Lances, Hammers, and Dual Swords (Dual Swords are unavailable on Japan version). Blademaster weapons can also be of a certain element, be it fire, water, thunder or dragon as well as s... | 54,310 |
1403193 | Monster Hunter (video game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monster%20Hunter%20(video%20game) | Monster Hunter (video game)
a Blademaster or Gunner weapon (excluding some few which can be worn either way). Blademaster armor usually focuses on stronger physical protection, while Gunner armor usually focuses on elemental protection. Certain armor combinations provide the user with skills such as fast eating (drinki... | 54,311 |
1403193 | Monster Hunter (video game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monster%20Hunter%20(video%20game) | Monster Hunter (video game)
at throughout the game. Success is dependent on many factors, such as rarity of the items to be combined and amount of "combo books" a player has on hand or even certain armor skills. Some of the items in the game of the highest rarity can only be obtained by combining.
# Development.
"Mon... | 54,312 |
1403193 | Monster Hunter (video game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monster%20Hunter%20(video%20game) | Monster Hunter (video game)
Hunter"s online servers outside Japan were closed down on December 31, 2007. The server that displayed the "service termination notice" was taken down April 1, 2008.
"After more than 3 years of online service, the external company providing server hosting for both Resident Evil: Outbreak an... | 54,313 |
1403193 | Monster Hunter (video game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monster%20Hunter%20(video%20game) | Monster Hunter (video game)
original Japanese Monster Hunter. It was later ported to the PlayStation Portable in Japan and released in America and Europe under the title "Monster Hunter Freedom". Some of the expanded content included Dual Swords (import from North America version), monster color changes and other monst... | 54,314 |
1403193 | Monster Hunter (video game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monster%20Hunter%20(video%20game) | Monster Hunter (video game)
pan, "Famitsu" gave it a score of all four eights, for a total of 32 out of 40.
# Sequels.
"Monster Hunter 2" was released in Japan on February 16, 2006; "Monster Hunter Freedom 2", based on "Monster Hunter 2", was released worldwide throughout 2007. "Monster Hunter Freedom Unite" is anoth... | 54,315 |
1403199 | Democratic National Conference | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democratic%20National%20Conference | Democratic National Conference
Democratic National Conference
Democratic National Conference, a splinter group of the Jammu & Kashmir National Conference. DNC was formed by Ghulam Muhammad Sadiq in 1957.
DNC later joined the Communist Party of India, then Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) and then Communist... | 54,316 |
1403202 | Juslisen | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juslisen | Juslisen
Juslisen
Juslisen (Just Listen) is Musiq Soulchild's second album, released in 2002. It debuted on the Billboard at #1 on May 25, 2002, on both the "Billboard" 200 (where it spent 35 weeks, falling off on February 22, 2003) and the Top R&B/Hip-Hop albums chart, spending 48 weeks there, eventually disappearing... | 54,317 |
1403202 | Juslisen | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juslisen | Juslisen
as performed by Francis Lai
- "intermission: juslisen" contains a sample of "Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Agin)", as performed by Sly & the Family Stone
- "ifiwouldaknew (girlnextdoor remix)" contains a sample of "Stay With Me", as performed by DeBarge
# Personnel.
Credits adapted from liner notes and... | 54,318 |
1403202 | Juslisen | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juslisen | Juslisen
trombone
- Leesa Brunson: A&R assistance
- Matt Cappy: flugelhorn
- Troy Corbin: vocals (background)
- Tina Davis: A&R
- Vidal Davis: engineer, multi instruments, producer
- Timothy Day: engineer
- Mark DeBarge: composer
- Vikter Duplaix: composer, guest artist, producer, programming
- Chris Gehringer... | 54,319 |
1403202 | Juslisen | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juslisen | Juslisen
executive producer
- Derrick Hodge: bass
- Jamar Jones: clavinet, fender rhodes, keyboards, organ, wurlitzer
- Kyle "Scratch" Jones : Beatboxing
- Etterlene Jordan: composer
- Francis Lai: composer
- Anthony Mandler: photographer
- Carlos "Storm" Martinez: engineer, tracking
- Michael McArthur: executi... | 54,320 |
1403202 | Juslisen | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juslisen | Juslisen
ael McArthur: executive producer
- A. Jermaine Mobley: composer, guitar
- Musiq (Soulchild): primary artist, producer
- Jethaniel Nixon: bass
- Keith Pelzer: composer, producer
- Tara Podolsky: A&R
- James Poyser: composer, keyboards, percussion, producer
- Carol Riddick: guest artist, primary artist, v... | 54,321 |
1403196 | Mountain chickadee | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mountain%20chickadee | Mountain chickadee
Mountain chickadee
The mountain chickadee ("Poecile gambeli") is a small songbird, a passerine bird in the tit family Paridae. Often, it is still placed in the genus "Parus" with most other tits, but mtDNA cytochrome "b" sequence data and morphology suggest that separating "Poecile" more adequately ... | 54,322 |
1403196 | Mountain chickadee | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mountain%20chickadee | Mountain chickadee
overall length is .
Common inhabitants of the mountainous regions of the western United States, their range extends from the southern Yukon to California and Rocky Mountain States in the United States. A few mountain chickadees may migrate locally up the mountains in the summer and down into the mou... | 54,323 |
1403196 | Mountain chickadee | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mountain%20chickadee | Mountain chickadee
They cling to the undersides of branches and to tree trunks, searching for food in the bark or breaking seeds open by hammering them with their beaks.
Their call is a throaty "chick-adee-dee-dee", while their song is a 3- or 4-note descending whistle "fee-bee-bay" or "fee-bee-fee-bee". They travel i... | 54,324 |
1403196 | Mountain chickadee | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mountain%20chickadee | Mountain chickadee
hes and to tree trunks, searching for food in the bark or breaking seeds open by hammering them with their beaks.
Their call is a throaty "chick-adee-dee-dee", while their song is a 3- or 4-note descending whistle "fee-bee-bay" or "fee-bee-fee-bee". They travel in pairs or small groups, and may join... | 54,325 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
Turok 2: Seeds of Evil is a first-person shooter video game developed by Iguana Entertainment and published by Acclaim Entertainment. It was released for the Nintendo 64 console in 1998 and ported to Microsoft Windows computers in 1999. "Seeds of Evil" is the second game i... | 54,326 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
and a multiplayer mode where various players can compete against each other in several game types. It supports the Nintendo 64 Expansion Pak, which enables an optional high-resolution graphics mode. The game was developed over a period of 21 months and was originally intended to be released on a ... | 54,327 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
of criticism. A remaster developed by Nightdive Studios was released for Microsoft Windows in 2017 and for Xbox One in 2018. The remaster will be released for the Nintendo Switch in 2019. A sequel, "", was released in 2000.
# Gameplay.
Like its predecessor "", "Seeds of Evil" is a first-person ... | 54,328 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
which fires a homing projectile capable of latching onto enemy's heads, killing them by drilling into their skulls and exploding. Turok has a certain amount of health which decreases when attacked by enemies. If Turok's health is fully depleted, the player loses one Life Force point and has to co... | 54,329 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
exit the level via a portal. Objectives range from destroying objects to rescuing hostages and defeating enemies, among others. Upon exiting a level, the player must either protect a totem from enemy forces or defeat a boss, or both, depending on which level the player was; the first three levels... | 54,330 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
a gate that leads to the final boss. All the portals in the hub area, except for the first one, must be unlocked with keys that must be collected in the levels. The keys that unlock the portals to the second and third levels are found in the first level, the keys that unlock the portal to the fou... | 54,331 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
version lets players save the game at any point. In these portals, the player may also fully restore Turok's health and ammunition once per level.
In addition to level keys, every level has one Primagen Key. The six Primagen Keys unlock the gate to the final boss in the hub area and require the ... | 54,332 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
Primagen key from one particular level usually requires the player to use the talisman from the next level, except for the Primagen key from the last level, which requires the player to use four talismans. Therefore, the player needs to re-enter some levels more than once to collect all Primagen ... | 54,333 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
health. For example, the Raptor is limited to close-range attacks, but is also extremely fast and agile. Multiplayer games in the Nintendo 64 version of the game support up to four players via split screen. In contrast, multiplayer games in the Microsoft Windows version support up to 16 players v... | 54,334 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
monkey. Players gain points by killing the monkey and lose points if they die as the monkey. The Microsoft Windows version features three game types: Rok Match, which is the same as Deathmatch; Arena, where two players or teams must battle against each other in an arena setting. The winning playe... | 54,335 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
called by the Elders of the Lost Land, the Lazarus Concordance, to defeat the Primagen, a powerful alien entity that was imprisoned in the wreckage of his own Lightship after attempting to witness the creation of the universe. This incident led to the creation of the Lost Land, a bizarre and barb... | 54,336 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
known universe.
As Joshua defeats the Primagen's armies through the Lost Land and acquires ancient magical powers from sacred talisman chambers, a mysterious entity calling itself Oblivion attempts to thwart his quest by creating false copies of the talisman chamber portals that lead to areas po... | 54,337 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
of Evil" was developed by Iguana Entertainment with a team roughly the same size as that of "Dinosaur Hunter", which was composed of 18 people. However, as development progressed, more staff was brought on board to assist in completing the game. Development started before "Dinosaur Hunter" was re... | 54,338 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
project manager David Dienstbier.
The game uses an optimized version of the "Dinosaur Hunter" engine, which allowed developers to create environments with more complex geometry and incorporate a lighting system where light sources could cast shadows on objects in real-time. The game's distance f... | 54,339 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
Later objectives will make far more use of the dynamic environments." Unlike the original game, where levels shared graphic assets, "Seeds of Evil" features unique levels with different geometry, textures and enemies.
Having received Nintendo 64DD development kits that included the Nintendo 64 E... | 54,340 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
was avoided because none of game's enemies are human. Dienstbier felt that if their animations were motion captured, enemies would look like a person pretending to be a lizard in a costume. The game features different animations for different creatures. Unlike its predecessor, where enemies have ... | 54,341 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
climbing and swimming. According to Dienstbier, this freedom of movement "means that [players] have a lot less predictable death match play because [they] have far more possible escape routes within each level." Unlike the single-player levels, the multiplayer maps feature more basic geometry. Th... | 54,342 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
Entertainment Expo. The game was fairly anticipated and worldwide retailers ordered 1.75 million copies of the game before launch. "Seeds of Evil" was released in North America on October 21, 1998. In the UK, Acclaim Entertainment missed the original cartridge production slot for the game, forcin... | 54,343 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
up by a studio based in Salt Lake City and supports GameSpy for online multiplayer.
# Reception.
"Seeds of Evil" received very positive reviews from critics and sold 1.4 million copies by January 1999. "Next Generation" praised the game's technical aspects and improvements over its predecessor,... | 54,344 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
that "not even the crisp reality of "GoldenEye 007" or the rich fantasy of "" looks this cool." "Edge" said that the game's artistic range is remarkable, especially for a Nintendo 64 game, and considered the flamethrower to have "easily the best graphic realisation of such equipment yet seen in a... | 54,345 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
said that the soundtrack is "well suited to the game and never intrusive", while Victor Lucas of "The Electric Playground" described it as "suspenseful, dynamic and always adrenaline charged." Similarly, Tim Weaver of "N64 Magazine" credited the music for being "dramatically scored, with strings,... | 54,346 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
next. This may be enjoyable for people who like puzzles and long gameplay, but it is aggravating for more action-oriented players." "N64 Magazine" gave high marks to the game's level design and explained that the addition of mission objectives "gives the game more focus and betters its predecesso... | 54,347 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
Cerebral Bore is "possibly the grossest weapon ever conceived". The multiplayer mode was praised for its use of 3D space and innovative game types.
Critical reception for the Microsoft Windows port was mixed. Tal Blevins of IGN criticized the controls for its limited support of keyboard function... | 54,348 |
1403174 | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turok%202:%20Seeds%20of%20Evil | Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
ion was awarded Shooting Game of the Year. In a retrospective review, Martin Watts of Nintendo Life stated that "Seeds of Evil" "is quite possibly the best third-party effort ever released for Nintendo 64."
# Remaster.
In 2015, Nightdive Studios announced that they were developing a remastered ... | 54,349 |
1403204 | Rashtriya Jantantrik Dal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rashtriya%20Jantantrik%20Dal | Rashtriya Jantantrik Dal
Rashtriya Jantantrik Dal
Rashtriya Jantantrik Dal (National Democratic Party), a political party in India, former when former Union minister and NCP Chhattisgarh state president Vidhya Charan Shukla broke away from the Nationalist Congress Party on February 5, 2004. Shukla was the party presid... | 54,350 |
1403207 | All India Muslim League (2002) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=All%20India%20Muslim%20League%20(2002) | All India Muslim League (2002)
All India Muslim League (2002)
The All India Muslim League is a political party that was formed in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu in 2002. The founding party president is M. Rafiq Ahmad. The party supported the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and the National Democratic Alliance... | 54,351 |
1403206 | Irfan Ljubijankić | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irfan%20Ljubijankić | Irfan Ljubijankić
Irfan Ljubijankić
Irfan Ljubijankić (26 November 1952 – 28 May 1995) was a Bosnian facial surgeon, classical music composer, politician and diplomat. He served as foreign minister of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1993 until he was killed in action in 1995 during the Bosnian War.
# Biog... | 54,352 |
1403206 | Irfan Ljubijankić | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irfan%20Ljubijankić | Irfan Ljubijankić
of Democratic Action. He temporarily left politics in 1992 after the beginning of the civil war between the Bosniaks and the Bosnian Serbs, in order to serve as a medical doctor in Bihać.
Ljubijankić remained an active medical doctor until October 1993 when he became foreign minister. He traveled wid... | 54,353 |
1403206 | Irfan Ljubijankić | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irfan%20Ljubijankić | Irfan Ljubijankić
. Shortly before his death, he represented Bosnia-Herzegovina at the 50th anniversary celebration of the end of World War II in London on 1 May 1995.
# Death.
Ljubijankić was killed on 28 May 1995 when his helicopter was shot down by a missile over Cetingrad, a Croatian town near the Bosnian border ... | 54,354 |
1403209 | Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jammu%20and%20Kashmir%20Democratic%20Freedom%20Party | Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party
Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party
Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party is a separatist political party launched by Shabir Shah in May 1998. JKDFP called for tripartite negotiations between India, Pakistan and Kashmir.
# See also.
- Syed Ali Shah Geelani
- Hu... | 54,355 |
1403211 | Jiti Jitayi Politics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jiti%20Jitayi%20Politics | Jiti Jitayi Politics
Jiti Jitayi Politics
Jiti Jitayi Politics is a political party founded by eunuchs in Madhya Pradesh, India, on 17 October 2003. The party president at that time was Suraiya. | 54,356 |
1403218 | Haryana Gana Parishad | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haryana%20Gana%20Parishad | Haryana Gana Parishad
Haryana Gana Parishad
Haryana Gana Parishad (Haryana Popular Association), a political party in Haryana, India. HGP was formed when Hissar Lok Sabha MP Jai Prakash was expelled from Haryana Vikas Party. HGP merged with Indian National Congress on 8 April 1999. | 54,357 |
1403237 | Super Shot | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Super%20Shot | Super Shot
Super Shot
A mini-basketball game found in many arcades, Super Shot consists of a basket that usually moves back and forth, and four to five basketballs to shoot. There are four different modes which affects the rate at which the basket moves, and each shot is worth either two or three points depending on t... | 54,358 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
Qutb al-Din Aibak
Qutb al-Din Aibak (r. c. 1206–1210) was a general of the Ghurid emperor Mu'izz ad-Din. He was in-charge of the Ghurid territories in northern India, and after Mu'izz ad-Din's death, became the ruler of an independent kingdom that evolved into the Delhi Sultanate ruled by the Mamluk ... | 54,359 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
and highly favoured by Mu'izz ad-Din after the defeat of Sultan Shah.
After the Ghurid victory in the Second Battle of Tarain in 1192, Mu'izz ad-Din made Aibak in-charge of his Indian territories. Aibak expanded the Ghurid power in northern India by conquering and raiding several places in the Chaham... | 54,360 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
Ghiyasuddin Mahmud, who officially recognized him as the ruler of India.
Aibak was succeeded by Aram Shah, and then by his former slave Iltutmish, who transformed the loosely-held Ghurid territories of India into the powerful Delhi Sultanate. Aibak is known for having commissioned the Qutb Minar in D... | 54,361 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
his family, and taken to the slave market of Nishapur. There, Qazi Fakhruddin Abdul Aziz Kufi, a descendant of the noted Muslim theologian Abu Hanifa, purchased him. Aibak was treated affectionately in the Qazi's household, and was educated with the Qazi's sons. He learned archery and horse-riding, be... | 54,362 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
the Sultan promoted him to a higher rank.
Aibak later rose to the important position of "amir-i akhur", the officer of the royal stables. During the Ghurid conflicts with the Khwarazmian ruler Sultan Shah, Aibak was responsible for the general maintenance of the horses, as well as their fodder and eq... | 54,363 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
Tarain fought in India, in 1191-1192.
Aibak's career in India can be divided into three phases:
- 1. Officer in charge of some of Sultan Mu'izz ad-Din territories in northern India (1192-1206)
- 2. Informal sovereign who controlled Mu'izz ad-Din's former territories as a "Malik" and "Sipah Salar" o... | 54,364 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
victorious, he was in-charge of the general disposition of the Ghurid army, and kept close to Sultan Mu'izz ad-Din, who had placed himself at the center of the army.
After his victory at Tarain, Mu'izz ad-Din assigned the former Chahamana territory to Aibak, who was placed at Kuhram (present-day Ghur... | 54,365 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
Ranthambore Fort, which Aibak had placed under his subordinate Qawamul Mulk. Aibak marched to Ranthambore, forcing Hariraja to retreat from Ranthambore as well as the former Chahamana capital Ajmer.
In September 1192, a rebel named Jatwan besieged Hansi in the former Chahamana territory. Aibak marche... | 54,366 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
where he initially retained the local Tomara ruler as a vassal. In 1193, he deposed the Tomara ruler for treason, and took direct control of Delhi.
## Sojourn in Ghazni.
In 1193, Sultan Mu'izz ad-Din summoned Aibak to the Ghurid capital Ghazni. The near-contemporary chronicler Minhaj does not elabor... | 54,367 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
he crossed the Yamuna River, and captured Koil (modern Aligarh).
Meanwhile, taking advantage of Aibak's absence in India, Hariraja had regained control of a part of the former Chahamana territory. After his return to Delhi, Aibak sent an army against Hariraja, who committed suicide. Aibak subsequentl... | 54,368 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
not gain complete control over the Gahadavala kingdom, the victory provided an opportunity for them to establish military stations at many places in the region.
## Other campaigns.
After the victory at Chandawar, Aibak turned his attention towards consolidating his position in Koil. Mu'izz ad-Din re... | 54,369 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
to Aibak's control of the region. Aibak marched against them, but was forced to retreat to Ajmer. The Mhers were forced to retreat after reinforcements from the Ghurid capital Ghazni arrived in Ajmer.
In 1197, Aibak defeated the Chaulukya army at Mount Abu, thus avenging Mu'izz ad-Din defeat at the B... | 54,370 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
officer to consolidate the Ghurid power in the region, while Ibn-i Asir states that Aibak placed the newly-captured territory under Hindu vassals. Whatever the case, the Ghurid control of the region did not last long, and the Chaulukyas regained control of their capital soon after.
In 1197-98, Aibak ... | 54,371 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
Malwa in present-day Madhya Pradesh, in 1199-1200. However, no other historian refers to such a conquest; therefore, it is likely that Aibak merely raided Malwa.
Meanwhile, Baha' al-Din Toghril (also transliterated as Bahauddin Tughril) - another prominent Ghurid slave-general - besieged the Gwalior ... | 54,372 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
with Aibak, but died before a treaty could be finalized. The Chandela chief minister Ajayadeva resumed hostilities, but was forced to seek negotiations when the Ghurids cut off the water supply to the fort. As part of the truce, the Chandelas were forced to move to Ajaigarh. Their former strongholds o... | 54,373 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
23 March 1203, Khalji presented Aibak with war booty, including 20 captured elephants, jewels and cash. Aibak honoured Khalji, who went on to conquer a part of the Bengal region in the east. Bakhtiyar acted independently, and at the time of his death in 1206, was not a subordinate of Aibak.
In 1204, ... | 54,374 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
"Tabaqat-i Nasiri", Aibak had conquered territory up to the frontiers of Ujjain in the south. Minhaj states that at the time of Sultan Mu'izz ad-Din's death in 1206, the Ghurids controlled the following areas in India:
However, the Ghurid control was not equally effective in all these areas. In some ... | 54,375 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
ad-Din was assassinated. Subsqeuntly, Muhammad Shiran Khalji, another subordinate of Bakhtiyar, detained Ali Mardan and became the leader of the Khaljis in eastern India. Ali Mardan escaped to Delhi, where he persuaded Aibak to intervene in the Khalji affairs. The Khaljis were not slaves of Mu'izz ad-... | 54,376 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
to Devkot. However, Rumi defeated them decisively, and Shiran was later killed in a conflict. Later, Aibak assigned Lakhnauti to Ali Mardan (see below).
# Recognition as the ruler of Hindustan.
"Tajul-Ma'asir", a contemporary chronicle by Hasan Nizami, suggests that Mu'izz ad-Din appointed Aibak as ... | 54,377 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
to this chronicler, Aibak was promoted to the rank of "malik" and appointed heir apparent ("wali-'ahd") of the Sultan's Indian territories.
Historian K. A. Nizami theorizes that Sultan Mu'izz ad-Din never appointed Aibak as his successor in India: the slave-general acquired this position "after" the ... | 54,378 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
had his headquarters at Delhi. The citizens of Lahore requested him to assume sovereign power after the Sultan's death, and he moved his government to Lahore. He informally ascended the throne on 25 June 1206, but his formal recognition as a sovereign ruler happened much later, in 1208-1209.
Meanwhil... | 54,379 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
the khutba and stuck's coins in Mahmud's name.
Yildiz, who was Aibak's father-in-law, sought to control the Ghurid territories in India. After Sultan Mahmud confirmed him as the ruler of Ghazni and manumitted him, Yildiz marched to Punjab, intending to take control of the region. Aibak marched agains... | 54,380 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
manumission for Aibak at this time. According to Minhaj's "Tabaqat-i Nasiri", Mahmud styled Aibak as a "Sultan"; chronicler Hasan Nizami also calls him a "Sultan". Nizami states that the "khutba" was read and coins were struck in Aibak's name, but no other source corroborates this claim. No coins issu... | 54,381 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
moved his capital to Lahore to safeguard his territories against Yildiz.
Ali Mardan Khalji, who had accompanied Aibak to Ghazni, was captured and imprisoned by Yildiz. He somehow secured his release, and returned to India. Aibak dispatched him to Lakhnauti in Bengal, where Husamuddin Iwaz agreed to b... | 54,382 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
form of polo), and died instantly when the pommel of the saddle pierced his ribs.
All contemporary chroniclers praise Aibak as a loyal, generous, courageous and just man. According to Minhaj, his generosity earned him the epithet "lakh-bakhs", literally "giver of lakhs [of copper coins or "jitals"]".... | 54,383 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
late as the 17th century, the term "Aibak of the time" was used to describe generous people, as attested by the chronicler Firishta.
Aibak's conquests involved large-scale capture of people as slaves. According to Hasan Nizami, his Gujarat campaign resulted in enslavement of 20,000 people; and his Ka... | 54,384 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
Lahore appointed Aram Shah as his successor. No details about Aram Shah's life are available before his ascension to the throne. According to one theory, he was a son of Aibak, but this is unlikely (see #Personal life section.)
Aram Shah ruled for no more than eight months, during which various provi... | 54,385 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
the nobles appointed Iltutmish as Aram Shah's successor, and married Aibak's daughter to him. Aram Shah challenged Iltutmish's claim to the throne, but was decisively defeated and killed after a military conflict. Iltutmish subjugated the rebel governors, and transformed the loosely-held Ghurid territ... | 54,386 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
point in their life.
# Personal life.
Some manuscripts of Mihaj's "Tabaqat-i Nasiri" append the words "bin Aibak" ("son of Aibak") to the name of Aibak's successor of Aram Shah. However, this may have been an erroneous addition made by a careless scribe, as Alauddin Ata Malik-i-Juwayni's "Tarikh-i-J... | 54,387 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
who migrated from Nishapur to Delhi during Aibak's reign, characterizes Aibak as a devout Muslim who "uprooted idolatry" and "destroyed temples" at Kuhram. He also mentions that the Hindu temples at Meerut, Banaras, and Kalinjar were converted into mosques during Aibak's reign; these included "a thous... | 54,388 |
1403172 | Qutb al-Din Aibak | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb%20al-Din%20Aibak | Qutb al-Din Aibak
m idols are doubtful.
At some point, Aibak's army started recruiting Hindu soldiers. His army at the siege of Meerut (1192) is known to have included Hindu soldiers. Similarly, the "forces of Hindustan" ("Hasham-i Hindustan") that accompanied him to Ghazni in 1206, included Hindu chiefs ("ranas" and ... | 54,389 |
1403243 | Sokher Goldstein | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sokher%20Goldstein | Sokher Goldstein
Sokher Goldstein
Sokher Goldstein (c. 1859 – 1887), first name also spelled Suher, Soher, Socher, or Sukher, was a singer and actor, one of the founding performers in Yiddish theater. A Jew, presumably of Ukrainian or Romanian origin, nothing is known about his life before Abraham Goldfaden recruited ... | 54,390 |
1403243 | Sokher Goldstein | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sokher%20Goldstein | Sokher Goldstein
Bintl Holts", "The Bundle of Wood". Goldstein participated in a tour with Goldfaden to Botoşani, Galaţi, Brăila, and finally Bucharest, where the troupe settled for about two years.
According to Joel Berkowitz, "[his] boyish face landed him all the women’s roles until the troupe took on its first actr... | 54,391 |
1403243 | Sokher Goldstein | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sokher%20Goldstein | Sokher Goldstein
ed for Goldfaden and other theater directors.
He died of tuberculosis. [Adler, 1999, 86 (commentary)]
# References.
- Adler, Jacob, "A Life on the Stage: A Memoir", translated and with commentary by Lulla Rosenfeld, Knopf, New York, 1999, . 64 (commentary), 86 (commentary).
- Bercovici, Israil, "O ... | 54,392 |
1403249 | Shabak Samech | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shabak%20Samech | Shabak Samech
Shabak Samech
Shabak Samech (Hebrew: שבק"ס,שב"ק סמך) (aka Shabak S) is the first recognized rap and hip-hop group to come out of Israel, from Yavne. Their sound is primarily hip-hop, but includes elements of rapcore, dancehall, ska and funk. Their sound has been compared to the Beastie Boys, Ugly Ducklin... | 54,393 |
1403249 | Shabak Samech | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shabak%20Samech | Shabak Samech
unique sound and minimal reliance on beats and samples.
The word Shabak as it is written in Hebrew (שבק) is a misspelling of the Hebrew acronym for the Internal General Security Service of Israel.
# Timeline.
- 1992 – Shabak Samech original members (Plompy, Mook D., Fuck A, Miro, Assaf B. and Albert) f... | 54,394 |
1403249 | Shabak Samech | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shabak%20Samech | Shabak Samech
("Shin Business" from ). The album goes out for sale in September.
- 1996 – Miro leaves and is replaced by Nimi Nim.
- 1997 – Fuck A leaves. The second album, "Be'atifa shel Mamatak", is released in August.
- 1998 – Live album released. leaves late in the year.
- 1999 – Miro and Fuck A return. The ban... | 54,395 |
1403249 | Shabak Samech | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shabak%20Samech | Shabak Samech
Album, "Parra Parra", is released on 1 September.
# Band members.
## Current members.
- aka – vocals (1996–1998, 2007–present)
- Miro aka Amir Yeruham – frontman/vocals (1992–1996, 1999–2000, 2007–present)
- Fuck A aka Chemi aka Kfir Artzi – vocals (1992–1997, 1999–2000, 2007–present)
- Plompy B. a... | 54,396 |
1403249 | Shabak Samech | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shabak%20Samech | Shabak Samech
r – guitars (1992–2000, 2007–present)
- Piloni ("Little Elephant") aka Dani Kark – guitars (1993–2000, 2007–present)
- Davidi aka Master David aka David Muskatel – bass (1993–2000, 2007–present)
- James aka Gal Sivan - Drums (1995 - present)
## Former members.
- Albert – drums (1992–1994)
- Assaf B.... | 54,397 |
1403227 | Jack Hardy (politician) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack%20Hardy%20(politician) | Jack Hardy (politician)
Jack Hardy (politician)
Jackson Alexander "Jack" Hardy (November 1, 1924 – August 22, 2006) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was the mayor of St. Vital, and served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1969 to 1971 as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party.
# Early life ... | 54,398 |
1403227 | Jack Hardy (politician) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack%20Hardy%20(politician) | Jack Hardy (politician)
councillor in St. Vital for four years, and spent a further five years as the community's mayor. He was elected to the Manitoba legislature in the 1969 provincial election, defeating New Democratic Party candidate Jim Walding by only 23 votes in the St. Vital electoral division. He continued to ... | 54,399 |
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