wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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3528524 | Crooked Creek, Alberta | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crooked%20Creek,%20Alberta | Crooked Creek, Alberta
largest of which is Ridgevalley School, a K-12 public school that serves a large region from the edge of Sturgeon Lake to the east, and Bezanson to the west. The school is attended by approximately 300 students. A grade 1 through 9 school also serves a relatively large Mennonite community, and a nearby Hutterite colony has its own local school.
# Demographics.
Statistics Canada has not recently published a population for Crooked Creek.
However, Industry Canada shows that Crooked Creek's greater rural area had a total population of 1,121 living in 367 dwellings in 2001. With a land area of , its greater rural area has a population density of .
# See also.
- List of communities in Alberta | 6,126,200 |
3528521 | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20No.%206%20(Prokofiev) | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev)
Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev)
Sergei Prokofiev wrote his Symphony No. 6 in E-flat minor (Op. 111) in 1947.
# Background.
The symphony, written as an elegy of the tragedies of World War II, has often been regarded as the darker twin to the victorious Symphony No. 5 in B-flat major. Prokofiev said of the symphony, "Now we are rejoicing in our great victory, but each of us has wounds that cannot be healed. One has lost those dear to him, another has lost his health. These must not be forgotten."
The symphony was condemned in 1948 by the Soviet government under the second Zhdanov decree for not conforming to party lines, but it was favourably received among critics.
# Movements.
The symphony is | 6,126,201 |
3528521 | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20No.%206%20(Prokofiev) | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev)
in three movements (rather than the conventional four), and lasts 40–45 minutes:
- 1. Allegro moderato (E-flat minor, ends in E-flat major)
- 2. Largo (A-flat major)
- 3. Vivace (E-flat major)
The first movement is characterized by an overall sombre mood, which Prokofiev described as "the painful results of war". It contains three themes: The first, on 1st violins and violas, is like the winds of a graveyard; the second, played by oboes, is slower and more melancholic; the third theme is played by the cor anglais accompanied by a lugubrious marching rhythm. The ensuing development section builds up tension using elements from the first theme before reaching an excruciating climax, the aftermath | 6,126,202 |
3528521 | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20No.%206%20(Prokofiev) | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev)
of which is the ghostly pulsating echoes on horns. The recapitulation only consists of the second and third themes, while the coda contains a final struggle until a C-flat major (enharmonically B major) climax, eventually to recede into silent despair, ending in E-flat major with a minor plagal cadence.
The second movement, a slow threnody in arch form, opens with clangorous sonorities, before revealing a main theme full of noble character. After the thunderous climax in the central section, reflective horns call out a nostalgic melody, later to be accompanied by the music-box sounds of the celesta and harp. The noble melody returns and the movement ends with the same clangorous sonorities | 6,126,203 |
3528521 | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20No.%206%20(Prokofiev) | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev)
as it had begun with.
The finale, although having switched to the key of E-flat major (a supposedly "happy" key), is actually ambiguous in character: the lively main theme, initially carried by the violins, is answered by pounding timpani and brass, as if to threaten it back. A subsidiary theme follows on woodwinds and is accompanied by a chugging rhythm on strings. The two themes are subsequently developed and eventually combined. However, a mournful bassoon then winds down the previous activity and there is a thought-provoking reappearance of the melancholic oboe theme from the first movement, as if to remind us again of the pains of war. After the meditation, there is a resumption of the | 6,126,204 |
3528521 | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20No.%206%20(Prokofiev) | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev)
threatening poundings of timpani and brass, this time accentuated with "wrong notes", and the symphony ends with a sardonic cry from high brass, juxtaposing F major with D major before the ultimate E-flat major chord.
# Instrumentation.
The work scores for the following:
Woodwinds
- Piccolo
- 2 Flutes
- 2 Oboes
- Cor anglais
- E-flat Clarinet
- 2 Clarinets
- Bass Clarinet
- 2 Bassoons
- Contrabassoon
Brass
- 4 Horns
- 3 Trumpets
- 3 Trombones
- Tuba
Percussion
- Timpani
- Bass drum
- Cymbals (crash and suspended)
- Snare drum
- Triangle
- Tamtam
- Tambourine
- Wood Block
Keyboard
- Piano
- Celesta
Strings
- Harp
- Violins (1st and 2nd)
- Violas
- Cellos
- Double | 6,126,205 |
3528521 | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20No.%206%20(Prokofiev) | Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev)
major with D major before the ultimate E-flat major chord.
# Instrumentation.
The work scores for the following:
Woodwinds
- Piccolo
- 2 Flutes
- 2 Oboes
- Cor anglais
- E-flat Clarinet
- 2 Clarinets
- Bass Clarinet
- 2 Bassoons
- Contrabassoon
Brass
- 4 Horns
- 3 Trumpets
- 3 Trombones
- Tuba
Percussion
- Timpani
- Bass drum
- Cymbals (crash and suspended)
- Snare drum
- Triangle
- Tamtam
- Tambourine
- Wood Block
Keyboard
- Piano
- Celesta
Strings
- Harp
- Violins (1st and 2nd)
- Violas
- Cellos
- Double Basses
# Premiere.
The Sixth Symphony was premiered on 11 October 1947. It was performed by the Leningrad Philharmonic, conducted by Yevgeny Mravinsky. | 6,126,206 |
3528548 | That Night in Toronto | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=That%20Night%20in%20Toronto | That Night in Toronto
That Night in Toronto
That Night in Toronto is a live concert DVD featuring Canadian rock band The Tragically Hip, filmed and directed by filmmaking brothers Pierre and Francois Lamoureux.
It was recorded November 26, 2004 at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada during The Hip's "In Between Evolution" tour and captures that night's performance in full with no edits.
Originally released November 1, 2005, as a part of the "Hipeponymous" box-set, it was released separately on November 8, 2005. The audio is exclusively available from the iTunes Music Store.
The title of the DVD is taken from a line of the popular Hip song "Bobcaygeon", which was included in the concert's set, much | 6,126,207 |
3528548 | That Night in Toronto | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=That%20Night%20in%20Toronto | That Night in Toronto
to the pleasure of the crowd at the Air Canada Centre that evening.
# Contents.
During instrumental parts in the performance of "Fully Completely" Gord sings parts of "Love is a First", a song which would come out on the album "We Are the Same" on April 7, 2009; Nearly 5 years after this DVD was recorded.
Setlist:
- 1. "Vaccination Scar"
- 2. "Fully Completely"
- 3. "Grace, Too"
- 4. "Summer's Killing Us"
- 5. "Ahead by a Century"
- 6. "Silver Jet"
- 7. "As Makeshift as We Are"
- 8. "Courage (for Hugh MacLennan)"
- 9. "Bobcaygeon"
- 10. "Nautical Disaster"
- 11. "Gus: The Polar Bear from Central Park"
- 12. "Poets"
- 13. "At the Hundredth Meridian"
- 14. "It Can't Be Nashville | 6,126,208 |
3528548 | That Night in Toronto | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=That%20Night%20in%20Toronto | That Night in Toronto
d.
Setlist:
- 1. "Vaccination Scar"
- 2. "Fully Completely"
- 3. "Grace, Too"
- 4. "Summer's Killing Us"
- 5. "Ahead by a Century"
- 6. "Silver Jet"
- 7. "As Makeshift as We Are"
- 8. "Courage (for Hugh MacLennan)"
- 9. "Bobcaygeon"
- 10. "Nautical Disaster"
- 11. "Gus: The Polar Bear from Central Park"
- 12. "Poets"
- 13. "At the Hundredth Meridian"
- 14. "It Can't Be Nashville Every Night"
- 15. "My Music at Work"
- 16. "New Orleans is Sinking"
- 17. "Heaven is a Better Place Today"
- 18. "It's A Good Life If You Don't Weaken"
- 19. "Little Bones"
- 20. "Gift Shop"
- 21. "Springtime in Vienna"
- 22. "Three Pistols"
- 23. "Boots or Hearts"
- 24. "Blow at High Dough" | 6,126,209 |
3528528 | Solvent Yellow 124 | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solvent%20Yellow%20124 | Solvent Yellow 124
Solvent Yellow 124
Solvent Yellow 124 is a yellow azo dye used in European Union as a fuel dye. It is a marker used since August 2002 to distinguish diesel fuel intended for heating from a higher-taxed motor diesel fuel. It is added to fuels not intended for motor vehicles in amounts of 6 mg/L or 7 mg/kg under the name Euromarker.
# Euromarker.
Solvent Yellow 124 is a dye with structure similar to Solvent Yellow 56. This dye can be easily hydrolyzed with acids, splitting off the acetal group responsible for its solubility in nonpolar solvents, and yielding a water-soluble form which is easy to extract to water. Like a similar methyl orange dye, it changes color to red in acidic pH. It can | 6,126,210 |
3528528 | Solvent Yellow 124 | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solvent%20Yellow%20124 | Solvent Yellow 124
be easily detected in the fuel at levels as low as 0.3 ppm by extraction to a diluted hydrochloric acid, allowing detection of the red diesel added into motor diesel in amounts as low as 2-3%.
Solvent Yellow 124 is intended to be difficult to remove from the fuel in an economical way. The Customs, familiar with various tricks including dual fuel systems with hidden fuel tanks, will take samples from the fuel lines to the engine itself if such equipment is suspected in the car.
As the amount of Solvent Yellow 124 added to the fuel is known, by measuring its content in the fuel it is possible to calculate how much of the low-taxed fuel was added to the legal one.
# Concerns.
The UK government | 6,126,211 |
3528528 | Solvent Yellow 124 | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solvent%20Yellow%20124 | Solvent Yellow 124
taxed fuel was added to the legal one.
# Concerns.
The UK government expressed concerns about the possibility of "laundering" the dye out of "illicit" fuel, hampering the detection. Denmark expressed concerns about the dye's toxicity.
Euromarker is intended to be replaced later by newer technology markers, such as biological markers or fuel markers with non-destructive analytical methods. These are all special chemicals tailored for the individual products, and perhaps even for individual refineries, allowing the identification of the source of the material by its content of the molecular markers.
Feb 2014, A new fuel marker more resistant to removal was announced for the United Kingdom. | 6,126,212 |
3528490 | Symphony in Three Movements | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20in%20Three%20Movements | Symphony in Three Movements
Symphony in Three Movements
The Symphony in Three Movements is a work by Russian expatriate composer Igor Stravinsky. Stravinsky wrote the symphony from 1942–45 on commission by the Philharmonic Symphony Society of New York. It was premièred by the New York Philharmonic Orchestra under Stravinsky on January 24, 1946.
The Symphony in Three Movements is considered as Stravinsky's first major composition after emigrating to the United States. It uses material written by Stravinsky for aborted film projects.
In 1943, Stravinsky had begun work on rescoring his ballet "The Rite of Spring." Although the project was left incomplete, his revisit to this earlier composition appears to have influenced | 6,126,213 |
3528490 | Symphony in Three Movements | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20in%20Three%20Movements | Symphony in Three Movements
the symphony. The ostinatos and shock tactics of the last movement, for example, recalls the "Glorification of the Chosen One" and "Sacrificial Dance" from "The Rite", and some woodwind passages are reminiscent of the ballet's introduction. On the other hand, there are passages forecasting the opera "The Rake's Progress", notably the openings of the slow movement and the finale.
A typical performance of the symphony lasts 20–25 minutes:
The symphony is scored for an orchestra of piccolo, 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 3 clarinets in B and A (3rd doubling bass clarinet), 2 bassoons, contrabassoon, 4 horns, 3 trumpets in C, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, bass drum, piano, harp, violins I & II, violas, cellos, | 6,126,214 |
3528490 | Symphony in Three Movements | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20in%20Three%20Movements | Symphony in Three Movements
and double basses.
Stravinsky, who rarely acknowledged outside inspirations for his music, referred to the composition as his 'war symphony'. He claimed the symphony as a direct response to events of the Second World War in both Europe and Asia. The first movement was inspired by a documentary on Japanese scorched earth tactics in China. The third movement deals with footage of German soldiers goosestepping and the Allied forces' mounting success.
Material is drawn from projects that Stravinsky had abandoned or reorganized. The piano's presence in the first movement stems from a piano concerto that was left incomplete. Music for harp is prominent in the second movement, using themes he had | 6,126,215 |
3528490 | Symphony in Three Movements | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20in%20Three%20Movements | Symphony in Three Movements
written for the film adaptation of Franz Werfel's novel "The Song of Bernadette". Stravinsky was initially informally approached for the writing of the film score. On 15 February 1943 he started writing music for the "Apparition of the Virgin" scene. In the event, no contract was ever signed with him, and the project went to Alfred Newman, who won an Oscar. The third movement unites the first two movements by giving equal emphasis to piano and harp.
In contrast to Stravinsky's earlier Symphony in C, the Symphony in Three Movements is much more turbulent and chromatic. While the Symphony in C is based on abstract ideas, his later symphony makes use of pressing social concerns. From a purely | 6,126,216 |
3528490 | Symphony in Three Movements | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony%20in%20Three%20Movements | Symphony in Three Movements
third movement unites the first two movements by giving equal emphasis to piano and harp.
In contrast to Stravinsky's earlier Symphony in C, the Symphony in Three Movements is much more turbulent and chromatic. While the Symphony in C is based on abstract ideas, his later symphony makes use of pressing social concerns. From a purely musical standpoint, the Symphony hearkens back to Stravinsky's earlier styles of composition while remaining an outstanding achievement of neoclassicism.
From 1979 to 1980, the American intermedia artist, Jack Ox, produced three visual mappings from Stravinsky's Symphony in Three Movements which can be seen at http://intermediaprojects.org/pages/Stravinsky.html | 6,126,217 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
Francine Prose
Francine Prose (born April 1, 1947) is an American novelist, short story writer, essayist, and critic. She is a Visiting Professor of Literature at Bard College, and was formerly president of PEN American Center.
# Life and career.
Born in Brooklyn, Prose graduated from Radcliffe College in 1968. She received the PEN Translation Prize in 1988 and received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1991. Prose's novel "The Glorious Ones" has been adapted into a musical with the same title by Lynn Ahrens and Stephen Flaherty. It ran at the Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater at Lincoln Center in New York City in the fall of 2007.
In March 2007, Prose was chosen to succeed American writer Ron Chernow beginning | 6,126,218 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
in April to serve a one-year term as president of PEN American Center, a New York City-based literary society of writers, editors and translators that works to advance literature, defend free expression, and foster international literary fellowship. In March 2008, Prose ran unopposed for a second one-year term as PEN American Center president. That same month, London artist Sebastian Horsley had been denied entry into the United States and PEN president Prose subsequently invited Horsley to speak at PENs annual festival of international literature in New York at the end of April 2008. Prose was succeeded by philosopher and novelist Kwame Anthony Appiah as president of PEN in April 2009.
Prose | 6,126,219 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
sat on the board of judges for the PEN/Newman's Own Award. Her novel, "Blue Angel", a satire about sexual harassment on college campuses, was a finalist for the National Book Award. One of her novels, "Household Saints", was adapted for a movie by Nancy Savoca.
Prose received the Rome Prize in 2006.
In 2010, Prose received the Washington University International Humanities Medal. The medal, awarded biennially and accompanied by a cash prize of $25,000, is given to honor a person whose humanistic endeavors in scholarship, journalism, literature, or the arts have made a difference in the world. Other winners include Turkish novelist Orhan Pamuk in 2006, journalist Michael Pollan in 2008, and | 6,126,220 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
documentary filmmaker, Ken Burns, in 2012.
## American PEN criticism.
During the 2015 controversy regarding American PEN's decision to honor "Charlie Hebdo" with its annual Freedom of Expression Courage Award, she, alongside Michael Ondaatje, Teju Cole, Peter Carey, Rachel Kushner and Taiye Selasi, withdrew from the group's annual awards gala and signed a letter dissociating themselves from the award, stating that although the murders were "sickening and tragic," they did not believe that "Charlie Hebdo"s work deserved an award. The letter was soon co-signed by more than 140 other PEN members. Francine Prose published an article in "The Guardian" justifying her position, stating that: "the | 6,126,221 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
narrative of the "Charlie Hebdo" murders—white Europeans killed in their offices by Muslim extremists—is one that feeds neatly into the cultural prejudices that have allowed our government to make so many disastrous mistakes in the Middle East." Prose was criticized for her views by Katha Pollitt, Alex Massie, Michael C. Moynihan, Nick Cohen and others, most notably by Salman Rushdie, who in a letter to PEN described Prose and the five other authors who withdrew as fellow travellers of "fanatical Islam, which is highly organised, well funded, and which seeks to terrify us all, Muslims as well as non-Muslims, into a cowed silence."
## "The New Yorker" controversy.
On January 7, 2018, in a Facebook | 6,126,222 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
post, Prose accused the author Sadia Shepard of plagiarizing Mavis Gallant's "The Ice Wagon Going Down the Street", which had appeared in "The New Yorker" on December 14, 1963. Shepard's piece had been published online by "The New Yorker" and was scheduled for release in the January 8, 2018 issue. Though Shepard's story reimagines the original in a new context, with added detail and altered character dynamics, Prose contended that the similarities between the two stories constituted theft, writing in her original post that the story is a "scene by scene, plot-turn by plot-turn, gesture by gesture, line-of-dialogue by line-of-dialogue copy—the only major difference being that the main characters | 6,126,223 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
are Pakistanis in Connecticut during the Trump era instead of Canadians in post-WWII Geneva." In a letter to "The New Yorker", Prose maintained her original stance, asking, "Is it really acceptable to change the names and the identities of fictional characters and then claim the story as one's own original work? Why, then, do we bother with copyrights?" Responding to Prose's accusation, Shepard acknowledged her debt to Gallant but maintained that her use of Gallant's story of self-exile in postwar Europe to explore the immigrant experience of Pakistani Muslims in today's America was justified.
# Bibliography.
## Novels.
- 1973: "Judah the Pious", Atheneum (Macmillan reissue 1986 )
- 1974: | 6,126,224 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
"The Glorious Ones", Atheneum (Harper Perennial reissue 2007 )
- 1977: "Marie Laveau", Berkley Publishing Corp. ()
- 1978: "Animal Magnetism", G.P. Putnam's Sons. ()
- 1981: "Household Saints", St. Martin's Press ()
- 1983: "Hungry Hearts", Pantheon ()
- 1986: "Bigfoot Dreams", Pantheon ()
- 1992: "Primitive People", Farrar, Straus & Giroux ()
- 1995: "Hunters and Gatherers", Farrar, Straus & Giroux ()
- 2000: "Blue Angel", Harper Perennial ()
- 2003: "After", HarperCollins ()
- 2005: "A Changed Man", HarperCollins () – winner of the 2006 Dayton Literary Peace Prize for fiction
- 2007: "Bullyville", HarperTeen ()
- 2008: "Goldengrove", HarperCollins ()
- 2009: "Touch", HarperTeen | 6,126,225 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
()
- 2011: "My New American Life", Harper ()
- 2012: "The Turning", HarperTeen ()
- 2014: "Lovers at the Chameleon Club, Paris 1932", Harper ()
- 2016: "Mister Monkey", Harper, ()
## Short story collections.
- 1988: "Women and Children First", Pantheon ()
- 1997: "Guided Tours of Hell", Metropolitan ()
- 1998: "The Peaceable Kingdom", Farrar Straus & Giroux ()
## Children's picture books.
- 2005: "Leopold, the Liar of Leipzig", illustrated by Einav Aviram, HarperCollins (),
## Nonfiction.
- 2002: "The Lives of the Muses: Nine Women & the Artists They Inspired", HarperCollins ()
- 2003: "Gluttony", Oxford University Press () – second in a series about the seven deadly sins
- 2003: | 6,126,226 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
"Sicilian Odyssey", National Geographic ()
- 2005: "Caravaggio: Painter of Miracles", Eminent Lives ()
- 2006: "Reading Like a Writer", HarperCollins ()
- 2008: "The Photographs of Marion Post Wolcott". Washington, DC: Library of Congress ()
- 2009: "Anne Frank: The Book, the Life, the Afterlife", HarperCollins ()
- 2015: "Peggy Guggenheim – The Shock of the Modern", Yale University Press ()
## Book reviews.
- March 13, 2005: "'The Glass Castle': Outrageous Misfortune": "The Glass Castle", by Jeannette Walls
- May 22, 2005: "'Oh the Glory of It All': Poor Little Rich Boy": "Oh the Glory of It All", by Sean Wilsey
- June 12, 2005: "'Marriage, a History': Lithuanians and Letts Do It", | 6,126,227 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
"Marriage, a History: From Obedience to Intimacy, Or How Love Conquered Marriage", by Stephanie Coontz
- December 4, 2005: "Slayer of Taboos", "The New York Times": "D. H. Lawrence: The Life of an Outsider", by John Worthen
- April 2, 2006: "Science Fiction", "The New York Times": "The Book About Blanche and Marie", by Per Olov Enquist
- July 9, 2006: "The Folklore of Exile", "The New York Times": "Last Evenings on Earth", by Roberto Bolaño
- December 2008: "More is More: Roberto Bolaño's Magnum Opus", "Harper's Magazine": "2666", by Roberto Bolaño
- December/January 2010: "Altar Ego", "Bookforum": "Ayn Rand and the World She Made", by Anne C. Heller
# Further reading.
- Author page at | 6,126,228 |
3528479 | Francine Prose | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francine%20Prose | Francine Prose
ience Fiction", "The New York Times": "The Book About Blanche and Marie", by Per Olov Enquist
- July 9, 2006: "The Folklore of Exile", "The New York Times": "Last Evenings on Earth", by Roberto Bolaño
- December 2008: "More is More: Roberto Bolaño's Magnum Opus", "Harper's Magazine": "2666", by Roberto Bolaño
- December/January 2010: "Altar Ego", "Bookforum": "Ayn Rand and the World She Made", by Anne C. Heller
# Further reading.
- Author page at Harpercollins
- A conversation with Francine Prose on The Atlantic Online
- Prose archive from "The New York Review of Books"
# External links.
- 2007 Interview by Betsy Sussler with A. M. Homes and Francine Prose, "Bomb", 16 September 2007 | 6,126,229 |
3528558 | Holy Name Cemetery (Jersey City, New Jersey) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Holy%20Name%20Cemetery%20(Jersey%20City,%20New%20Jersey) | Holy Name Cemetery (Jersey City, New Jersey)
Holy Name Cemetery (Jersey City, New Jersey)
Holy Name Cemetery is a Roman Catholic cemetery in Jersey City, New Jersey administered by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark. It was established in 1866 and at the end of calendar year 2002 has accepted 264,984 burials. The cemetery parcel is and all but has been developed and sold for burials. It is an active cemetery providing services to Catholic families.
# Notable burials.
- Mark M. Fagan (1869–1955), Mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey
- Frank Hague (1876–1956), Mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey
- James Alphonsus Hamill (1877–1941), US Congressman
- Mickey Hughes (1866–1931), 19th-century Major League Baseball pitcher for the Brooklyn | 6,126,230 |
3528558 | Holy Name Cemetery (Jersey City, New Jersey) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Holy%20Name%20Cemetery%20(Jersey%20City,%20New%20Jersey) | Holy Name Cemetery (Jersey City, New Jersey)
Bridegrooms.
- John Vincent Kenny (1894–1975), Mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey
- Michael McNamara, Marine Corps Medal of Honor recipient
- Mary Teresa Norton (1875–1959), served 13 consecutive terms in the United States House of Representatives, from 1925 to 1951
- Charles Francis Xavier O'Brien (1879–1940), US Congressman
- Thomas Francis Xavier Smith (1928–1996), Mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey
- Thomas James Tumulty (1913–1981), US Congressman
# See also.
- Hudson County Cemeteries
# External links.
- Search for burials in the Archdiocese of Newark database
- Holy Name Cemetery at The Political Graveyard
- Holy Name Cemetery at Findagrave
- People Buried in Jersey City from | 6,126,231 |
3528558 | Holy Name Cemetery (Jersey City, New Jersey) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Holy%20Name%20Cemetery%20(Jersey%20City,%20New%20Jersey) | Holy Name Cemetery (Jersey City, New Jersey)
Jersey City, New Jersey
- Michael McNamara, Marine Corps Medal of Honor recipient
- Mary Teresa Norton (1875–1959), served 13 consecutive terms in the United States House of Representatives, from 1925 to 1951
- Charles Francis Xavier O'Brien (1879–1940), US Congressman
- Thomas Francis Xavier Smith (1928–1996), Mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey
- Thomas James Tumulty (1913–1981), US Congressman
# See also.
- Hudson County Cemeteries
# External links.
- Search for burials in the Archdiocese of Newark database
- Holy Name Cemetery at The Political Graveyard
- Holy Name Cemetery at Findagrave
- People Buried in Jersey City from Encyclopedia Titanica
- Holy Name Cemetery at Interment | 6,126,232 |
3528554 | Benjamin Stephenson (politician) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benjamin%20Stephenson%20(politician) | Benjamin Stephenson (politician)
Benjamin Stephenson (politician)
Benjamin Stephenson (July 8, 1769 – October 10, 1822) was a Congressional Delegate for the Illinois Territory from 1814 until 1817. He was born in Pennsylvania. He moved to Virginia in 1788, and then Kentucky, and then to the Illinois Territory. He became sheriff of Randolph County, Illinois in 1809.
Stephenson became a colonel in the Illinois militia, and commanded a regiment in the War of 1812. In 1813 he was appointed adjutant general of Illinois. A Democratic-Republican and ally of Governor Ninian Edwards, he served as the representative of the Illinois Territory in the United States Congress from 1814 to 1816. He was a representative to the convention that | 6,126,233 |
3528554 | Benjamin Stephenson (politician) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benjamin%20Stephenson%20(politician) | Benjamin Stephenson (politician)
colonel in the Illinois militia, and commanded a regiment in the War of 1812. In 1813 he was appointed adjutant general of Illinois. A Democratic-Republican and ally of Governor Ninian Edwards, he served as the representative of the Illinois Territory in the United States Congress from 1814 to 1816. He was a representative to the convention that wrote the first constitution for the State of Illinois in 1818.
Stephenson built the Benjamin Stephenson House in Edwardsville, Illinois. This is one of the oldest houses still standing in the State.
Stephenson died on October 10, 1822, and is buried in Edwardsville. Stephenson County, Illinois was named for him.
# See also.
- James W. Stephenson | 6,126,234 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field (IATA: NGU, ICAO: KNGU, FAA LID: NGU), commonly known as just Chambers Field, is a military airport in Norfolk, Virginia that is a part of Naval Station Norfolk. It supports naval air forces in the United States Fleet Forces Command, those operating in the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and Indian Ocean.
# History.
NAS Norfolk started its roots training aviators at Naval Air Detachment, Curtiss Field, Newport News, on May 19, 1917. Approximately five months later, with a staff increasing to five officers, three aviators, ten enlisted sailors and seven aircraft, the detachment was renamed Naval Air Detachment, Naval | 6,126,235 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
Operating Base, Hampton Roads. The aircraft, all seaplanes, were flown across the James River and moored to stakes in the water until canvas hangars were constructed. The new location offered sheltered water in an ice-free harbor, perfect for seaplane landings, good anchorage on the beach front, accessibility to supplies from Naval Station Norfolk and room for expansion. Its mission was to conduct anti-submarine patrols, train aviators and mechanics and run an experimental facility.
## Early Years.
When the United States became involved in World War I, the size of the Navy's air component was rapidly expanded. In the 19 months of U. S. participation, a force of 6,716 officers and 30,693 enlisted | 6,126,236 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
served in naval aviation. The training of mechanics to support the aircraft began in January 1918 at the Norfolk detachment and the first patrol was conducted five months later. By then, the air detachment was recognized as one of the most important sources of trained naval aviators. In recognition of its importance, on August 27, 1918, the detachment became NAS Hampton Roads, a separate station under its own commanding officer, Lt. Cmdr. Patrick N. L. Bellinger.
As World War I came to an end, the former NAS Hampton Roads saw erratic growth, growing to nearly 167 officers, 1,227 enlisted men and 65 planes. However, demobilization threatened the future of naval aviation. Within seven months | 6,126,237 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
of the war's end, Navy manpower fell to less than half its wartime highs.
The Republican party rose to power in 1920, promising fiscal austerity. Congress cut naval appropriations by 20% and manpower Navy-wide was reduced. The carriers which Congress had authorized were impossible to man. After the 1929 stock market crash and the onset of the Great Depression, President Herbert Hoover favored more naval limitation through international conferences, but the air operations in Norfolk continued.
On July 12, 1921, the name was changed again under the command of Capt. S.H.R. Doyle, to NAS Norfolk, with direct reporting to the Bureau of Aeronautics in Washington, D.C.
Using the same theories of | 6,126,238 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
Eugene Ely's flight nearly 13 years earlier, another milestone was achieved. The air station developed an arresting device to train pilots for deck landings aboard the fleet's first aircraft carrier, . At the same time, the station also began work on the development of the catapult.
In January 1923, the Secretary of the Navy ordered a detailed study of the capacity of the bases and stations during war and peace. In comparing the development of the fleet and shore establishments, only Hampton Roads met the requirements.
Airship operations, important for off-shore patrols during the war, ceased in 1924. In an effort similar to base closure struggles the military has today, civilian employees | 6,126,239 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
of the Assembly and Repair Department (forerunner of the former Naval Air Depot) joined the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce in successfully fighting the planned suspension of aircraft overhaul work. The training of air groups from newly commissioned aircraft carriers such as USS "Langley", USS "Saratoga" and USS "Lexington" demanded expansion, but appropriations were meager for shore establishments.
During the late 1930s, major construction took place at NS Norfolk. At this time, building K-BB (Naval Station headquarters), the galley, and many barracks were built. As the 1930s came to a close, the station also began to prepare for total war. By 1939, when the Atlantic Fleet returned to the East | 6,126,240 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
Coast, the Naval Station was clearly the biggest naval installation on the Atlantic coast. In April 1939, in something of a test, the Naval Station refueled, restocked, and returned to service 25 ships in one week. This force was but the prelude to about 100 ships converging on Norfolk at the time. It included the battleships , and and the carriers, "Lexington", , and .
The expansion of shipboard aviation in the 1930s brought renewed emphasis to Naval Air Station Norfolk. Reverting to its experimental roots, development and testing of catapult and arresting gear systems took the highest priority at the Air Station. The commissioning of the aircraft carriers "Ranger", "Yorktown", , and increased | 6,126,241 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
the tempo of routine training in navigation, gunnery and aerial bombing as new air wings formed prior to World War II. This demanded expansion, but appropriations for shore activities were meager. Although congressional approval was gained in 1934 for the purchase of land that would expand the airfield by 540 acres (2.2 km²), the matter was dropped. At the outbreak of war in Europe on September 1, 1939, NAS Norfolk encompassed 236 acres (1.0 km²) with two small operating areas, Chambers Field and West Landing Field. During World War II, the Naval Air Station had a direct combat support role in the area of anti-submarine patrols. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's response to the start of the | 6,126,242 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
war in Europe was the National Emergency Program of September 8, 1939. It resulted in fantastic growth for all Navy activities in the Norfolk area. The combat support role began on October 21, 1939, when a -wide Neutrality Zone was declared around the American coast. Four Norfolk-based patrol squadrons, VP-51, US VP-52, VP-53 and VP-54 were among the first units to enforce the zone.
## World War II.
### Wartime Contributions.
After war was formally declared following Pearl Harbor, Germany began a U-boat offensive, "Operation Drumbeat", against shipping along the Atlantic coast. The Eastern Sea Frontier, a command headquartered in New York, directed the American response. Locally, Fleet Air | 6,126,243 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
Wing 5 units flew under its operational command of the 5th Naval District. Wing 5 units involved consisted of scouting squadrons, 12 OS2U Kingfisher seaplanes and VPs 83 and 84 equipped with PBY-5A Catalinas. By 1942, NAS Norfolk was home to 24 fleet units. From January through April 1942, the Eastern Sea Frontier recorded 82 sinkings by U-boats. During the same period, only eight U-boats were sunk by U.S. forces. Eventually, coastal convoys were instituted and more aircraft became available. German U-boats moved elsewhere and sinkings decreased. To move closer to their patrol areas and free up space for the training of new squadrons, NAS Norfolk-based patrol squadrons transferred their operations | 6,126,244 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
from Breezy Point to Chincoteague and Elizabeth City.
However, NAS Norfolk's biggest contribution to the winning of World War II was in the training it provided to a wide variety of allied naval air units. With only a few exceptions, all Navy air squadrons that fought in the war trained in Norfolk. The air station also trained numerous British fighter squadrons and French and Russian patrol squadrons. At the start of the war, training activities at NAS did not fall under the direction of a single overseer. This changed on January 1, 1943 with the creation of Commander, Air Force Atlantic Fleet appointment, in which Rear Admiral Alva D. Bernhard was the first incumbent. The former NAS commanding | 6,126,245 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
officer was tasked with providing administrative, material and logistic support for Atlantic Fleet aviation units. AIRLANT also furnished combat-ready carrier air groups, patrol squadrons and battleship and cruiser aviation units for both the Atlantic and Pacific fleets.
Following the formation of AIRLANT and the abolishment of recruit training on the surface side in 1942, the base transitioned to an advanced training location for men going directly to the fleet. With the change in the training station and the declaration of war, the mission became that of a pre-commissioning training station. The aviation service A school offered courses in metal smith work, engine repair, radio repair and | 6,126,246 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
ordnance. Aviation machinist's mate A school consisted of two months of training and two months of practical experience in A&R department shops. The advanced base aviation training unit helped sailors develop the skills necessary to maintain all types of aircraft at advanced bases in combat area. The aircraft they completed went to the fleet pool for distribution to squadrons in the process of commissioning. A similar service for maintenance crews in squadrons awaiting the commissioning of new carriers was provided by the carrier air service unit. Among the earliest schools at NAS was the fighter director school, which taught fleet communications and tactics, radar operations and direction of | 6,126,247 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
aircraft from ships before moving to Georgia. The celestial navigation training unit instructed pilots being assigned to patrol squadrons. The aerial free gunnery training unit was originally located at Breezy Point, but moved to Dam Neck in 1943 to be able to carry out range work without restricting airspace.
From 1943 to the end of the war, a total of 326 U.S. units were commissioned and trained under the control of AIRLANT.
### Expansion.
World War II profoundly changed the appearance of the Naval Station. With the eruption of war in Europe in September 1939, the station began to vibrate with activity. By December, the Navy had over $4 million in projects underway on the station. By the | 6,126,248 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
summer of 1940 the Station employed some 8,000 personnel, a number larger than any time since the end of World War I. The Hepburn Board had made recommendations to Congress earlier in the year that would also double the size and workload of the station. Since Chambers and West Fields were encroaching on the activities of the former Naval Operating Base, it was decided to expand to the east. East Camp, with an area of about 1,000 acres (4 km²) between the east side of Naval Station and Granby Street, had been sold off by the Army at the end of World War I. Congress authorized its repurchase in early 1940. On June 29 of that year, a contract was signed with the Virginia Engineering Company of | 6,126,249 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
Newport News for the expansion of the station. The cost of expansion and construction was to reach more than $72 million. Hangars, a new dispensary, three runways, magazine areas, warehouses, barracks and docking areas were patterned after similar existing airfields. The plan was revised and approved by Captain Bellinger, returning as commanding officer 20 years after first holding the job. Bellinger insisted that as many structures as possible be permanent ones, as the air station was still largely composed of temporary hangars and workshops left over from World War I. Many were unsafe and costly to maintain. The last permanent structure added had been the administration building, constructed | 6,126,250 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
in 1930. Some 353 acres (1.4 km²) were eventually reclaimed at a cost of $2.1 million. Two large hangars and ramps for seaplanes, barracks, officer quarters and family housing were built. This construction cut off Mason Creek Road and the Navy compensated the city by improving Kersloe Road (forming what is now Admiral Taussig Boulevard/Interstate 564) between Hampton Boulevard and Granby Street. Special attention was paid to control facilities -- prior to the expansion, operations from Chambers Field had no traffic control system except for a white placard inserted through a slot on the roof to indicate the direction of the runway in use.
A new command, Naval Air Center, had been formed October | 6,126,251 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
12, 1942 under Captain J.M. Shoemaker, the 15th and 18th commanding officer of NAS Norfolk, to coordinate operations within the Norfolk area. The outlying fields were used for training, patrol plane operations, practice bombing and aerial gunnery. The assembly and repair (A&R) department also offers an excellent example of expansion at the Naval Air Station. In 1939, A&R occupied four World War I hangars and a few workshops. It employed 213 enlisted men and 573 civilians in the overhaul of aircraft engines and fuselages. During the war, the A&R Department went to two 10-hour shifts per day, seven days a week for a work force that now numbered 1,600 enlisted and 3,500 civilians. Women, who had | 6,126,252 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
been employed only as seamstress for wing and fuselage fabric, began working in A&R machine shops as labor shortages became acute. During the summer of 1942, the apprentice school was opened to provide training in nine trades. By war's end, assembly and repair had developed into a Class "A" industrial plant with peak employment of 3,561 civilians and 4,852 military workers.
## Post WWII and Cold War.
The air station has hosted more than 70 tenant commands, including several carrier groups, a carrier airborne early warning wing and associated squadrons, a helicopter sea control wing and associated squadrons, and various Naval Air Reserve units, primarily the wing headquarters for Reserve Patrol | 6,126,253 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
Wing Atlantic, the local headquarters for Naval Air Reserve Norfolk and Reserve E-2 Hawkeye, C-9 Skytrain II and various helicopter squadrons. A Marine Corps Reserve medium helicopter squadron with CH-46 Sea Knight aircraft was also assigned. NAS Norfolk also responded to national times of stress, such as Operation Sincere Welcome in 1994, when 2,000 civilian workers, dependents, and non-essential military personnel were evacuated to Norfolk from Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in Cuba. This influx of people was an instance of history repeating itself, as the station also welcomed evacuees during the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962.
In 1968, the air station was given a major role in John F. Kennedy's | 6,126,254 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
vision of putting a man on the moon. The air station became Recovery Control Center Atlantic, which provided command, control, and communications for the ships and aircraft that participated in the recovery operations of Apollo 7.
## From the 1990s.
As part of the Navy's response to the post-Cold War drawdown of the 1990s, many new initiatives were implemented at Navy shore installations to reduce their operating cost, improve their efficiency, and better match their capacity to the reduced size of the Navy. The 1993 Base Realignment and Closure Commission recommended the closure of Naval Aviation Depot Norfolk and it's workforce of over 4,000 repairing Grumman F-14 Tomcats and Grumman A-6 | 6,126,255 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
Intruders, and a year later the depot shut its' doors.
In 1998, the Navy began a major realignment of shore command organizations and processes throughout Hampton Roads in a process known as "regionalization". One of the biggest efficiencies in this process was the merger of separate Naval Station Norfolk and the Naval Air Station (which were directly adjacent to each other) into a single installation to be called Naval Station Norfolk. The former naval air station organizational structure became the Air Department of NS Norfolk while the actual airfield became known as NS Norfolk (Chambers Field). This consolidation became official on February 5, 1999. In 2012, the merger was fully consummated | 6,126,256 |
3528452 | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval%20Station%20Norfolk%20Chambers%20Field | Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field
nal structure became the Air Department of NS Norfolk while the actual airfield became known as NS Norfolk (Chambers Field). This consolidation became official on February 5, 1999. In 2012, the merger was fully consummated as NAS Oceana Detachment Norfolk personnel (the placeholder command for the ex-Naval Air Station) was disestablished and folded into Naval Station Norfolk's Air Operations Department.
# Tenant Commands.
## Shore Units.
- Navy/AMC Passenger Terminal
- Commander, Naval Air Forces, Atlantic
- Helicopter Sea Combat Wing Atlantic
- Helicopter Sea Combat Weapons School Atlantic
- Fleet Weather Center Norfolk
- Navy Information Operations Command Norfolk
- CNATTU Norfolk | 6,126,257 |
3528565 | Crystal (software) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crystal%20(software) | Crystal (software)
Crystal (software)
CRYSTAL is a quantum chemistry ab initio program, designed primarily for calculations on crystals (3 dimensions), slabs (2 dimensions) and polymers (1 dimension) using translational symmetry, but it can also be used for single molecules. It is written by V.R. Saunders, R. Dovesi, C. Roetti, R. Orlando, C.M. Zicovich-Wilson, N.M. Harrison, K. Doll, B. Civalleri, I.J. Bush, Ph. D’Arco, and M. Llunell from Theoretical Chemistry Group at the University of Torino and the Computational Materials Science Group at the Daresbury Laboratory near Warrington in Cheshire, England. The current version is CRYSTAL17. Earlier versions were CRYSTAL88, CRYSTAL92, CRYSTAL95, CRYSTAL98, CRYSTAL03, | 6,126,258 |
3528565 | Crystal (software) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crystal%20(software) | Crystal (software)
CRYSTAL06, CRYSTAL09 and CRYSTAL14 (latter was released in June 2014).
# Program structure.
The program is built of two modules: "crystal" and "properties". The "crystal" program is dedicated to perform the SCF calculations, the geometry optimizations, and the frequency calculations for the structures given in input. At the end of the SCF process, the program crystal writes information on the crystalline system and its wave function as unformatted sequential data in Fortran unit 9, and as formatted data in Fortran unit 98.
One-electron properties and wave function analysis can be computed from the SCF wave function by running the program "properties".
The main advantage of the crystal code | 6,126,259 |
3528565 | Crystal (software) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crystal%20(software) | Crystal (software)
n analysis can be computed from the SCF wave function by running the program "properties".
The main advantage of the crystal code is due to the deep and optimized exploitation of symmetry, at all levels of calculation (SCF as well gradients and vibrational frequencies calculations). This allows significant reduction of the computational cost for periodic calculations. Note that while the symmetry generally reduces to identity in large molecules, large crystalline system usually show many symmetry operators.
# See also.
- Crystal structure
- Quantum chemistry programs
# External links.
- CRYSTAL
- Computational Materials Science Group
- Theoretical Chemistry Group University of Torino | 6,126,260 |
3528582 | Council on Social Work Education | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council%20on%20Social%20Work%20Education | Council on Social Work Education
Council on Social Work Education
The Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) is a nonprofit national association in the United States representing more than 2,500 individual members, as well as graduate and undergraduate programs of professional social work education. Founded in 1952, this partnership of educational and professional institutions, social welfare agencies, and private citizens is recognized by the Council for Higher Education Accreditation as the sole accrediting agency for social work education in the United States.
# History.
The Summer School of Philanthropy was founded in 1898 by the Charity Organization Society of New York and was soon followed by additional training schools | 6,126,261 |
3528582 | Council on Social Work Education | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council%20on%20Social%20Work%20Education | Council on Social Work Education
for social workers in Boston, Chicago, St. Louis, and Philadelphia. In 1919 the Association of Training Schools for Professional Social Workers was established (later the American Association of Schools of Social Work, or AASSW). It established formal accrediting procedures in 1932, although the American Association of Medical Social Workers and the American Association of Psychiatric Social Workers had accrediting processes in place for their particular specialties.
In 1937 AASSW's move to limit its membership to graduate schools caused state higher education institutions to form the National Association of Schools of Social Administration (NASSA). NASSA representatives felt that social worker | 6,126,262 |
3528582 | Council on Social Work Education | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council%20on%20Social%20Work%20Education | Council on Social Work Education
shortages demanded a more generalist approach to social work education. The two systems, however, frustrated the education community and resulted in the removal of accreditation authority from both groups. This move led AASSW, NASSA, and others to establish the National Council on Social Work Education in 1946. This group studied the issues and produced "Social Work Education in the United States". This report recommended that a sole organization be founded that would permit the many elements within the social work profession to participate in setting and maintaining accreditation criteria. Thus, AASSW and NASSA were dissolved, and CSWE was born in January 1952 with the following statement of | 6,126,263 |
3528582 | Council on Social Work Education | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council%20on%20Social%20Work%20Education | Council on Social Work Education
purpose: “to promote the development of sound programs of social work education in the United States, its territories and possessions, and Canada”. Helen R. Wright, dean of the University of Chicago's School of Social Service Administration, became CSWE's first president, and Katherine A. Kendall, who had worked for the Children's Bureau, the United Nations, and AASSW, was appointed CSWE's executive secretary.
In the beginning CSWE accredited only master's programs in social work, because a perception existed—although it was not universally supported—that preparation for professional social work practice was the province of master's programs. CSWE also accredited Canadian master's of social | 6,126,264 |
3528582 | Council on Social Work Education | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council%20on%20Social%20Work%20Education | Council on Social Work Education
work programs until the Canadian Association of Schools of Social Work (now known as the Canadian Association for Social Work Education) took over accreditation of those programs in 1970. However, CSWE continued to accredit Canadian MSW programs on request until 1983.
In October 1961 the CSWE board adopted Social Welfare Content in Undergraduate Education as an aid to higher education institutions that wished to develop such programs. In 1973, CSWE issued accreditation standards covering content in the social work curriculum, staffing, and organization of social welfare programs at the undergraduate level, and in 1974, the National Commission on Accrediting formally authorized CSWE to accredit | 6,126,265 |
3528582 | Council on Social Work Education | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council%20on%20Social%20Work%20Education | Council on Social Work Education
baccalaureate social work programs. It issued a revised curriculum policy statement in 1982 that included curriculum policy for BSW programs (CSWE, 1982). The CSWE Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards were last revised in 2008. Because CSWE's focus has been on the quality of education for individuals intending to engage in professional social work practice, it never has accredited social work programs at the associate's or doctoral level.
The CSWE is the only organization that provides accreditation for all online CSWE programs in the United States.
The association was originally based in New York City, moving to Washington, DC, in 1984 and to Alexandria, Virginia, in 1990.
# Conferences.
In | 6,126,266 |
3528582 | Council on Social Work Education | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council%20on%20Social%20Work%20Education | Council on Social Work Education
September 2013, Darla Coffey, CSWE President, organized the first White House Briefing for Social Work Education coordinated through the White House Office of Public Engagement. Presentations were given by federal officials from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
# See also.
- Council on Higher Education Accreditation
- List of recognized accreditation associations of higher learning
- Professional development
- School accreditation
- Social work
- US Department of Education
- Graduate School of Social Work at the University of Denver
- International | 6,126,267 |
3528582 | Council on Social Work Education | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council%20on%20Social%20Work%20Education | Council on Social Work Education
rk Education coordinated through the White House Office of Public Engagement. Presentations were given by federal officials from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
# See also.
- Council on Higher Education Accreditation
- List of recognized accreditation associations of higher learning
- Professional development
- School accreditation
- Social work
- US Department of Education
- Graduate School of Social Work at the University of Denver
- International Association of Schools of Social Work (IASSW)
# External links.
- Council on Social Work Education | 6,126,268 |
3528594 | Bolivia at the 1996 Summer Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolivia%20at%20the%201996%20Summer%20Olympics | Bolivia at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Bolivia at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Bolivia competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. Eight competitors, six men and two women, took part in nine events in five sports.
# Athletics.
Men's Competition
- Jorge Castellón
Men's Marathon
- Policarpio Calizaya — 2:33.08 (→ 91st place)
Women's 10 km Walk
- Geovanna Irusta — 47:13 (→ 34th place)
# Cycling.
Men's Competition
- Klaus Martínez Arroyo
# Diving.
Men's 3m Springboard
- Tony Iglesias
- Preliminary Heat — 307.83 (→ did not advance, 27th place)
# Fencing.
One male fencer represented Bolivia in 1996.
- Men's sabre
- Miguel Robles
# Swimming.
Men's Competition
- David Pereira
Women's Competition
- Ximena | 6,126,269 |
3528594 | Bolivia at the 1996 Summer Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolivia%20at%20the%201996%20Summer%20Olympics | Bolivia at the 1996 Summer Olympics
mpetitors, six men and two women, took part in nine events in five sports.
# Athletics.
Men's Competition
- Jorge Castellón
Men's Marathon
- Policarpio Calizaya — 2:33.08 (→ 91st place)
Women's 10 km Walk
- Geovanna Irusta — 47:13 (→ 34th place)
# Cycling.
Men's Competition
- Klaus Martínez Arroyo
# Diving.
Men's 3m Springboard
- Tony Iglesias
- Preliminary Heat — 307.83 (→ did not advance, 27th place)
# Fencing.
One male fencer represented Bolivia in 1996.
- Men's sabre
- Miguel Robles
# Swimming.
Men's Competition
- David Pereira
Women's Competition
- Ximena Escalera
# See also.
- Bolivia at the 1995 Pan American Games
# External links.
- Official Olympic Reports | 6,126,270 |
3528600 | Coucal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coucal | Coucal
Coucal
A coucal is one of about 30 species of birds in the cuckoo family. All of them belong in the subfamily Centropodinae and the genus Centropus. Unlike many Old World cuckoos, coucals are not brood parasites, though they do have their own reproductive peculiarity: all members of the genus are to varying degrees sex-role reversed so that the smaller male provides most of the parental care. At least one coucal species, the black coucal, is polyandrous. Some species ("Centropus phasianinus") have the male investing more in incubation and parental care. Recent DNA evidence suggests that they should be raised to family status, as Centropodidae.
# Description.
Many coucals have a long claw on | 6,126,271 |
3528600 | Coucal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coucal | Coucal
their hind toe (hallux). The genus name from Greek "kentron", a spike and "pous" for foot describe this hallux claw. The feet have minute spurs and this is responsible for the German term for coucals "Sporenkuckucke". The common name is perhaps derived from the French "coucou" and "alouette" (for the long lark like claw).
(Cuvier, in Newton 1896) The length of the claw can be about 68-76% of the tarsus length in the African black coucal "C. grillii" and lesser coucal "C. bengalensis". Only the short-toed coucal "C. rectunguis" is an exception with the hallux claw of only 23% of the tarsus length. Thread like feather structures (elongated sheaths of the growing feathers that are sometimes termed | 6,126,272 |
3528600 | Coucal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coucal | Coucal
trichoptiles) are found on the head and neck of hatchlings and can be as long as 20mm. Nestlings can look spiny. Many are opportunistic predators, "Centropus phasianus" is known to attack birds caught in mist nets while white-browed coucals "Centropus superciliosus" are attracted to smoke from grass fires where they forage for insects and small mammals escaping from the fire.
Coucals generally make nests inside dense vegetation and they usually have the top covered but some species have the top open. Pheasant coucal "Centropus phasianinus", greater coucal "C. sinensis" and Madagascar coucal "C. toulou" sometimes build an open nest while some species always build open nests (the bay coucal "C. | 6,126,273 |
3528600 | Coucal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coucal | Coucal
celebensis")
Some coucal species have been seen to fly while carrying their young.
# Species.
- Andaman coucal or brown coucal, "Centropus andamanensis"
- Gabon coucal, "Centropus anselli"
- White-necked coucal or pied coucal, "Centropus ateralbus"
- Lesser coucal, "Centropus bengalensis"
- Black-billed coucal or lesser black coucal, "Centropus bernsteini"
- Green-billed coucal, "Centropus chlororhynchos"
- Bay coucal, "Centropus celebensis"
- Biak coucal, "Centropus chalybeus"
- "Centropus colossus" (Extinct, known from the quaternary Fossil Cave, Tantanoola, South Australia)
- Coppery-tailed coucal, "Centropus cupreicaudus"
- Goliath coucal, "Centropus goliath"
- Black coucal, | 6,126,274 |
3528600 | Coucal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coucal | Coucal
"Centropus grillii"
- Black-throated coucal, "Centropus leucogaster"
- Black-faced coucal, "Centropus melanops"
- Ivory-billed coucal or greater black coucal, "Centropus menbeki"
- Buff-headed coucal, "Centropus milo"
- Blue-headed coucal, "Centropus monachus"
- Sunda coucal, "Centropus nigrorufus"
- Pheasant coucal, "Centropus phasianinus"
- Timor pheasant coucal or Timor coucal, "Centropus phasianinus mui" - might be a full species "Centropus mui" (long known only by the holotype (a female) collected in 1974 but apparently rediscovered in the early 2000s)
- Short-toed coucal, "Centropus rectunguis"
- Senegal coucal, "Centropus senegalensis"
- Greater coucal, "Centropus sinensis"
- | 6,126,275 |
3528600 | Coucal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coucal | Coucal
pe (a female) collected in 1974 but apparently rediscovered in the early 2000s)
- Short-toed coucal, "Centropus rectunguis"
- Senegal coucal, "Centropus senegalensis"
- Greater coucal, "Centropus sinensis"
- "Centropus parroti" (?)
- Kai coucal, "Centropus spilopterus"
- Black-hooded coucal, "Centropus steerii"
- White-browed coucal, "Centropus superciliosus"
- Burchell's coucal, "Centropus burchelli"
- Malagasy coucal or Madagascar coucal, "Centropus toulou"
- Assumption Island coucal, "Centropus toulou assumptionis" - doubtfully distinct; extinct (c. 1920s)
- Rufous coucal, "Centropus unirufus"
- Violaceous coucal, "Centropus violaceus"
- Philippine coucal, "Centropus viridis" | 6,126,276 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
Social disruption
Social disruption is a term used in sociology to describe the alteration, dysfunction or breakdown of social life, often in a community setting. Social disruption implies a radical transformation, in which the old certainties of modern society are falling away and something quite new is emerging. Social disruption might be caused through natural disasters, massive human displacements, rapid economic, technological and demographic change but also due to controversial policy-making.
Social disruptions are for example rising sea levels that are creating new landscapes, drawing new world maps whose key lines are not traditional boundaries between nation-states but elevations above | 6,126,277 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
sea level. On the local level, an example would be the closing of a community grocery store, which might cause social disruption in a community by removing a "meeting ground" for community members to develop interpersonal relationships and community solidarity.
# Results of social disruption.
""We are wandering aimlessly and dispassionately, arguing for and against, but the one statement on which we are, beyond all differences and over many continents, to be able to agree on, is: "I can no longer understand the world"".
Social disruptions often lead to five social symptoms: Frustration, Democratic Disconnection, Fragmentation, Polarization and Escalation. Studies from the last decade show, | 6,126,278 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
that our societies have become more fragmented and less coherent (e.g. Bishop 2008), neighbourhoods turning into little states, organizing themselves to defend the local politics and culture against outsiders (Walzer 1983; Bauman 2017) and increasingly identifying through ways of voting, lifestyle or wellbeing (e.g. Schäfer 2015). Especially people on the more right and left political spectrum are more likely to say it is important to them to live in a place where most people share their political views and have similar interests (Pew 2014). Hence, citizens become alienated from democratic consensus (Foa and Munk 2016; Levitsky and Ziblatt 2018) and tend to assume that their opponents believe | 6,126,279 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
more extreme things than they really do (Iyengar et al. 2012). Moreover, fear of being identified as unqualified, denied value and dignity and for that reason marginalized, excluded or outcast, is giving rise to a widespread disenchantment with the idea that the future will improve the human condition and a mistrust in the ability of nation-states to make this happen (Pew 2015; Bauman 2017). At the same time, accelerations in liberal progression, globalization and migration flows have led to increasing polarized contestations about national identities - a volatile and critical social state, prone to conflict escalation (e.g. hate crimes after Brexit vote, incident at far-right rally in Charlottesville, | 6,126,280 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
USA).
# Policy making.
"„It is unclear how to achieve policy changes of any kind in a polarized society that has few shared facts and whose civic muscles are atrophying.“"
International but also local challenges force our societies to find solutions and make decisions on controversial issues in an accelerated manner. The complexity of such decisions is not only mirrored in the aim to tackle a multi-causality of root causes, it also faces a high degree of uncertainty as regard to its impact. Hence, due to the growing separation between the world of public opinion on the one hand, and the world of problem solving on the other (Mair 2009), it is very likely that political decisions further polarize | 6,126,281 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
our societies. The explanation is that citizens evaluate disruptive developments and related policy changes on a two-way level, on the personal interests and comfort, as well on its perceived impact on their social identity and community (Ryan and Deci 2000; Haidt 2012). If a policy change reflects the substantive representation of the median voter, is something that just does not matter to citizens in regard to their acceptance of decisions (Esaiasson et al. 2017). This can produce multi facet conflicts over interests, facts and norms between supporters and opponents (Itten 2017). Simultaneously, the capacity of political parties and actors of civil society, to bridge that divide, is declining | 6,126,282 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
(Mair 2009). In such a situations, social psychology tells us that citizens who feel uncomfortable will hold tighter to the assumptions that make them feel secure (Podziba 2014). Especially in public policy disputes, parties are hardly giving up their assumptions voluntarily, and citizens begin to masquerade their true individual conflict of interest (e.g. devaluation of property; insecurity) with more normative conflict of interest (e.g. protection of nature; protection of culture). Such distorted behaviour remarkably increases at times citizens or communities feel that a policy change is threatening their way of living.
# Bridging social capital.
In the light of the increasing social divisions | 6,126,283 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
and democratic disconnection, Putnam and Feldstein (2004) foresaw the importance of creating “bridging social capital”, e.g. ties that link groups across a greater social distance. As the authors elaborate, the creation of robust social capital takes time and effort. It develops largely through extensive and time-consuming face-to-face conversation between two individuals or small groups of people. Only then there is the chance to build the trust and mutual understanding that characterizes the foundation of social capital. In no way, Putnam and Feldstein write, it is possible to create social capital instantaneous, anonymous or en masse. Furthermore, building social capital among people who | 6,126,284 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
already share a reservoir of similar cultural referents, ethnicity, personal experience or moral identity etc. is qualitatively different. Homogeneity makes connective strategies easier, however, a society with only homogenous social capital risks looking like Bosnia or Belfast. Hence, bridging social capital is especially important for reconciling democracy and diversity. Yet, bridging social capital among diverse social group is intrinsically less likely to develop automatically.
# See also.
Sociology:
- Boomtown
- Gillette Syndrome
- Social problem
- Social capital
- Social transformation
Organisations:
- Civil Politics
- Disrupted Societies Institute
# References.
- Bauman, Z. | 6,126,285 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
(2017). Symptoms in search for an object and a name, in Geiselberger, H. (Ed.) (2017). "The Great Regression". Cambridge: Polity Press, 13-26.
- Beck, Ulrich (2017). "The Metamorphosis of the World." Polity Press.
- Bishop, B. (2008). "The big sort: Why the clustering of like-minded America is tearing us apart". Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
- Esaiasson, P., Gilljam, M., and Persson, M. (2017): Responsiveness Beyond Policy Satisfaction: Does It Matter to Citizens? "Comparative Political Studies" 50(6): 739-765.
- Foa, R. S. and Mounk, Y. (2016). The democratic disconnect. "Journal of Democracy", "27"(3): 5-17.
- Haidt, J. (2012). "The righteous mind: Why good people are divided by politics | 6,126,286 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
and religion." New York: Vintage.
- Itten, A. (2017). Context and Content toward Consensus in Public Mediation. "Negotiation Journal", "33"(3): 185-211.
- Iyengar, S., Sood, G., and Lelkes, Y. (2012). Affect, Not Ideology. A Social Identity Perspective on Polarization. "Public opinion quarterly", "76"(3): 405-431.
- Krannich, Richard S, and Thomas Greider. 1984. "Personal Well-Being in Rapid Growth and Stable Communities: Multiple Indicators and Contrasting Results." Rural Sociology 49(4): 541–552.
- Levitsky, S. and Ziblatt, D. (2018). "How Democracies Die." Crown.
- Mair, P. (2009). Representative versus Responsible Government. "MPIfG Working Paper" 09/8.
- Pew Research Center (2014). | 6,126,287 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
"Political Polarization in the American Public." June, 12.
- Pew Research Center (2015). "Beyond Distrust: How Americans View Their Government." November, 23
- Podziba, S. L. (2014). Civic fusion: Moving from certainty through not knowing to curiosity. "Negotiation Journal", "30"(3): 243-254.
- Putnam, R. D. and Feldstein, L. (2004). "Better together: Restoring the American community". New York: Simon and Schuster.
- Ryan, R. M., and Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. "American psychologist", 55(1): 68-92.
- Schäfer, A. (2015). Demokratie? Mehr oder weniger, in "Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung", | 6,126,288 |
3528567 | Social disruption | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social%20disruption | Social disruption
ion: Moving from certainty through not knowing to curiosity. "Negotiation Journal", "30"(3): 243-254.
- Putnam, R. D. and Feldstein, L. (2004). "Better together: Restoring the American community". New York: Simon and Schuster.
- Ryan, R. M., and Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. "American psychologist", 55(1): 68-92.
- Schäfer, A. (2015). Demokratie? Mehr oder weniger, in "Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung", 9.11.2015.
- Walzer, M. (1983). "Spheres of justice: A defense of pluralism and equality". New York: Basic books.
- W. David Pierce and Carl D. Cheney, "Behavior Analysis and Learning" 3rd ED | 6,126,289 |
3528608 | Bolivia at the 1992 Summer Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolivia%20at%20the%201992%20Summer%20Olympics | Bolivia at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Bolivia at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Bolivia competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. Thirteen competitors, eight men and five women, took part in eighteen events in six sports.
# Athletics.
Men's 5,000 metres
- Policarpio Calizaya
- Heat — 15:02.02 (→ did not advance)
Men's 10,000 metres
- Policarpio Calizaya
- Heat — 30:27.01 (→ did not advance)
Men's Marathon
- Juan Camacho — 2:26.01 (→ 57th place)
Women's 200 metres
- Jacqueline Soliz
- Heat — did not advance
Women's 400 metres
- Jacqueline Soliz
- Heat — did not advance
Women's 10,000 metres
- Sandra Cortez
- Heat — did not start (→ did not advance)
Women's 4x400 metres Relay
- Jacqueline Soliz, Sandra | 6,126,290 |
3528608 | Bolivia at the 1992 Summer Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolivia%20at%20the%201992%20Summer%20Olympics | Bolivia at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Antelo, Gloria Burgos, and Moré Galetovic
- Heat — did not advance
# Cycling.
One male cyclists represented Bolivia in 1992.
- Men's sprint
- Pedro Vaca
- Men's 1 km time trial
- Pedro Vaca
# Judo.
Men's Competition
- Erick Bustos
- Carlos Noriega
# Shooting.
Men's Competition
- Fernando Gamarra
# Swimming.
Men's 200m Freestyle
- Luis Héctor Medina
- Heat – 2:00.87 (→ did not advance, 46th place)
Men's 400m Freestyle
- Luis Héctor Medina
- Heat – 4:11.77 (→ did not advance, 41st place)
Men's 100m Butterfly
- Luis Héctor Medina
- Heat – 1:01.14 (→ did not advance, 63rd place)
Women's 50m Freestyle
- Paola Peñarrieta
- Heat – 29.71 (→ did not advance, 48th place)
Women's | 6,126,291 |
3528608 | Bolivia at the 1992 Summer Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolivia%20at%20the%201992%20Summer%20Olympics | Bolivia at the 1992 Summer Olympics
tion
- Fernando Gamarra
# Swimming.
Men's 200m Freestyle
- Luis Héctor Medina
- Heat – 2:00.87 (→ did not advance, 46th place)
Men's 400m Freestyle
- Luis Héctor Medina
- Heat – 4:11.77 (→ did not advance, 41st place)
Men's 100m Butterfly
- Luis Héctor Medina
- Heat – 1:01.14 (→ did not advance, 63rd place)
Women's 50m Freestyle
- Paola Peñarrieta
- Heat – 29.71 (→ did not advance, 48th place)
Women's 100m Freestyle
- Paola Peñarrieta
- Heat – 1:04.08 (→ did not advance, 47th place)
Women's 200m Freestyle
- Paola Peñarrieta
- Heat – 2:15.74 (→ did not advance, 37th place)
# See also.
- Bolivia at the 1991 Pan American Games
# External links.
- Official Olympic Reports | 6,126,292 |
3528633 | Bolivia at the 1988 Summer Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolivia%20at%20the%201988%20Summer%20Olympics | Bolivia at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Bolivia at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Bolivia competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, Korea. Seven competitors, six men and one woman, took part in twelve events in six sports.
# Athletics.
Men's 10.000 metres
- Policarpio Calizaya
- First Round — 30:35.01 (→ did not advance)
Men's Marathon
- Juan Camacho — 2:34.41 (→ 69th place)
# Cycling.
One male cyclists represented Bolivia in 1988.
- Men's sprint
- Bailón Becerra
- Men's 1 km time trial
- Bailón Becerra
- Men's points race
- Bailón Becerra
# Fencing.
One male fencer represented Bolivia in 1988.
- Men's sabre
- Pedro Bleyer
# Judo.
Men's Competition
- Ricardo Belmonte
# Swimming.
Women's 50m Freestyle
- Katerine | 6,126,293 |
3528633 | Bolivia at the 1988 Summer Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolivia%20at%20the%201988%20Summer%20Olympics | Bolivia at the 1988 Summer Olympics
n's 1 km time trial
- Bailón Becerra
- Men's points race
- Bailón Becerra
# Fencing.
One male fencer represented Bolivia in 1988.
- Men's sabre
- Pedro Bleyer
# Judo.
Men's Competition
- Ricardo Belmonte
# Swimming.
Women's 50m Freestyle
- Katerine Moreno
- Heat – 29.42 (→ did not advance, 46th place)
Women's 100m Freestyle
- Katerine Moreno
- Heat – 1:05.39 (→ did not advance, 54th place)
Women's 100m Backstroke
- Katerine Moreno
- Heat – 1:14.42 (→ did not advance, 38th place)
Women's 100m Breaststroke
- Katerine Moreno
- Heat – 1:22.62 (→ did not advance, 40th place)
# Weightlifting.
Men's Competition
- Hernán Cortez
# External links.
- Official Olympic Reports | 6,126,294 |
3528624 | Ibrahim Lipumba | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibrahim%20Lipumba | Ibrahim Lipumba
Ibrahim Lipumba
Professor Ibrahim Haruna Lipumba (born 6 June 1952 in Ilolangulu, Tanganyika Territory) is a Tanzanian economist and politician He served as the National Chairman of the opposition Civic United Front (CUF) party from 1995 until his resignation in August 2015.
# Early life and career.
Lipumba was born in Tabora Region in present-day Tanzania. He was educated at the Swedish Free Mission Primary School (1959–1962), L.A Upper Primary School (1962–66), Tabora Boys Secondary School (1967–70) and Pugu Secondary School (1971–72). He then joined the University of Dar es Salaam in 1973 and graduated with a BA in Economics in 1976. He received his MA in economics from the same university | 6,126,295 |
3528624 | Ibrahim Lipumba | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibrahim%20Lipumba | Ibrahim Lipumba
in 1978. He thereafter enrolled at Stanford University in 1978 to pursue his doctoral studies and received his PhD in economics in 1983.
He is a prominent scholar (professor of economics). He has held a number of positions in the field of education, as a university professor both in the United States and at home; and as a freelance economist. He was the economic adviser to the Ugandan government in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
# Political career.
Professor Lipumba has held the position of Chairman of Tanzania's main opposition party, the Civic United Front from 1995 to present day. He has also contested every presidential election in Tanzania since the country instituted a multiparty system | 6,126,296 |
3528624 | Ibrahim Lipumba | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibrahim%20Lipumba | Ibrahim Lipumba
in the early 1990s. In the first election in 1995, he placed third and won 6.43% of the vote. He finished second behind incumbent President Benjamin Mkapa in 2000, capturing 16.26% of the vote.
Running again as the CUF presidential candidate in the 2005 elections, Lipumba finished a distant second to Jakaya Kikwete of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party winning 11.68% of the vote. He came in third in the 2010 presidential election receiving 8.3% of the vote.
Professor Lipumba is a skilled orator drawing large crowds for his rallies; he is also an intellectual at heart and continues his career as a freelance economist albeit on a smaller scale due to political commitments.
# Personal | 6,126,297 |
3528624 | Ibrahim Lipumba | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibrahim%20Lipumba | Ibrahim Lipumba
cond to Jakaya Kikwete of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party winning 11.68% of the vote. He came in third in the 2010 presidential election receiving 8.3% of the vote.
Professor Lipumba is a skilled orator drawing large crowds for his rallies; he is also an intellectual at heart and continues his career as a freelance economist albeit on a smaller scale due to political commitments.
# Personal life.
Professor Lipumba is a keen sportsman, having played football competitively in secondary school before a knee injury forced him to retire from the game; he is an avid football fan of Taifa Stars, Tanzania's national football team, and Arsenal Football Club. He is a married, family man. | 6,126,298 |
3528591 | Bangladesh Railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bangladesh%20Railway | Bangladesh Railway
Bangladesh Railway
Bangladesh Railway () also known as Bangla Rail is the state owned rail transport agency of Bangladesh. It operates and maintains all railways in the country, and is overseen by the Directorate General of Bangladesh Railway. The Bangladesh Railway is governed by the Ministry of Railways and the Bangladesh Railway Authority. Its reporting mark is "BR".
The Bangladesh Railway system has a total length of 2,855 route km. In 2009, Bangladesh Railway had 34,168 employees. In 2014, Bangladesh Railway carried 65 million passengers and 2.52 million tonnes of freight. The railway made 8,135 million passenger-kilometres and 677 million tonne-kilometres.
# History.
Rail transport | 6,126,299 |
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