wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
|---|---|---|---|---|
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
was heavily damaged by Hurricane Sandy in 2012, two years later.
The "Mary A. Whalen" and "Lehigh Valley Railroad Barge No. 79" are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
# Location.
Red Hook is a peninsula between Buttermilk Channel, Gowanus Bay and Gowanus Canal at the southern edge of Downtown Brooklyn. Red Hook is in the area known as South Brooklyn, which, contrary to its name, is actually in western Brooklyn. This name is derived from the original City of Brooklyn which ended at Atlantic Street, now Atlantic Avenue. By the 1950s, anything south of Atlantic Avenue was considered South Brooklyn; thus, the names "Red Hook" and "South Brooklyn" were applied also to today's | 6,131,200 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
Carroll Gardens, Cobble Hill, Columbia Heights, and Gowanus neighborhoods. Portions of Carroll Gardens and Cobble Hill were granted landmark status in the 1970s and were carved out of Red Hook.
Red Hook is the only part of New York City that has a fully frontal view of the Statue of Liberty, which was oriented to face France. (France gave the statue to the United States following the US centennial).
Red Hook is the site of the NYCHA Red Hook Houses, the largest public housing development in Brooklyn, which accommodates about 6,000 people. Red Hook also contains several parks.
## IKEA.
Red Hook has a large IKEA store () that opened on June 18, 2008, near the Gowanus Expressway. The building | 6,131,201 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
of IKEA was controversial. Opponents cited concerns including traffic congestion, a decrease in property values and destruction of this transit-oriented neighborhood and historically significant buildings in the area. Brooklyn artist Greg Lindquist exhibited a group of paintings in February 2008 in New York City that depicted the IKEA site in process, juxtaposing the maritime decay with the new construction.
As part of the IKEA development, a number of Civil War era buildings were demolished and the Red Hook graving dock, a 19th-century dry dock at still in use, was filled in and leveled for use as a parking lot. A Maritime Support Services Location Study by the New York City Economic Development | 6,131,202 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
Corporation found that New York City needs eight more dry docks. According to the report, it would cost $1 billion to replace the one sold to IKEA. No schedule for replacement was announced.
In addition, IKEA's contractor was found to be in "violation for not having filed asbestos work, failing to monitor the air, not posting warnings, failure to construct decontamination protections before disturbing the asbestos-containing materials, and doing nothing to protect and decontaminate the material, as well as the workers and building waste."
A once-free ferry service for shoppers from Manhattan proved more popular than expected. Though weekday ferry tickets start from $5, passengers who make | 6,131,203 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
purchases of over $10 can get a $5 ferry credit toward the cost of the shuttle ticket. The ferry, operated by New York Water Taxi, is still free on weekends.
## Park.
A public park is located in southern Red Hook. It contains a paved path, benches, a flagpole with a yardarm, a drinking fountain, handball courts, softball fields, a soccer and football field, a track and field, picnic tables, the adjacent Sol Goldman Pool, and new trees and plantings. The park is maintained and operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, and is bordered by Otsego, Bay, Hicks, Lorraine, Court, and Halleck Streets. The park is in the vicinity, if not the exact location, of where the celebrated | 6,131,204 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
Civil War era baseball team Excelsior of Brooklyn played many of their home games.
# Demographics.
Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of the Carroll Gardens/Columbia Street/Red Hook neighborhood tabulation area was 38,353, a change of 26 (0.1%) from the 38,327 counted in 2000. Covering an area of , the neighborhood had a population density of .
The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 60.9% (23,342) White, 11.9% (4,573) African American, 0.2% (61) Native American, 4.5% (1,728) Asian, 0% (13) Pacific Islander, 0.4% (143) from other races, and 2.4% (912) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 19.8% (7,581) of the population.
# Police and | 6,131,205 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
crime.
Red Hook is patrolled by the 76th Precinct of the NYPD, located at 191 Union Street. The 76th Precinct ranked 37th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. The 76th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 83.1% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct saw 4 murders, 9 rapes, 53 robberies, 91 felony assaults, 65 burglaries, 210 grand larcenies, and 28 grand larcenies auto in 2018.
# Fire safety.
The New York City Fire Department (FDNY) operates two fire stations serving Red Hook:
- Engine Co. 202/Ladder Co. 101 – 31 Richards Street
- Engine Co. 279/Ladder Co. 131 – 252 Lorraine Street
# Education.
## | 6,131,206 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
Schools.
Schools in Red Hook include:
- Pave Academy Charter School - Grades K-8
- P.S.15 Patrick F. Daly - Grades PK-5
- Summit Academy Charter School - Grades 6-12
- South Brooklyn Community High School - Grades 9-12
- Red Hook Neighborhood School - Grades PK-5
## Library.
The Brooklyn Public Library (BPL)'s Red Hook branch is located at 7 Wolcott Street, near Dwight Street. The branch was originally housed in a Carnegie library structure, which was built in 1915 but burned down in a 1946 fire.
# Transportation.
## Water.
New York City has expanded its water ferry service, operated by New York Water Taxi. This service normally runs between IKEA and Pier 11 in Lower Manhattan, but | 6,131,207 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
has added a new stop at Van Brunt Street to support local businesses hurt by Hurricane Sandy. The free ferry runs between 10am and 9pm. Originally, when this free service was first introduced, it proved to be popular with local residents, causing changes in the operating policy to favor IKEA shoppers. Under the current schedule, the ferry runs from Monday to Friday, every 40 minutes from 2pm, $5 for one way. On Saturday and Sunday, it runs free of charge, every 20 minutes from 11am.
Red Hook has been served by NYC Ferry's South Brooklyn route since 2017.
The transatlantic liner docks in Red Hook. In spring 2006, a new Carnival Cruise Lines terminal, the Brooklyn Cruise Terminal, opened at | 6,131,208 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
Pier 12 at Pioneer Street, bringing additional tourists.
The Red Hook Container Terminal is one of four such facilities in the Port of New York and New Jersey and is the only maritime facility in Brooklyn to handle container ships.
## Public transport.
Subway service in the area is sparse. The closest subway stops are along the IND Culver Line (), at either Carroll Street or Smith–Ninth Streets stations.
New York City Bus service is also sparse, but popular. The B61 bus route provides service from Hamilton Avenue, through Erie Basin/IKEA Plaza, to Van Brunt Street and then northward, through the Columbia Street Waterfront District and terminates in Downtown Brooklyn. It also connects with | 6,131,209 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
the Culver Line's Smith–Ninth Streets station. The B57 bus connects Red Hook with Downtown Brooklyn and Maspeth, Queens.
IKEA provides a complimentary shuttle that runs to Smith–Ninth Streets, Fourth Avenue / Ninth Street, and Court Street – Borough Hall subway stations from 3 to 9 pm daily, Monday through Friday every half hour, and Saturday and Sunday from 11 am to 9 pm every 20 minutes. Non-shoppers also use this service.
### Planned streetcars.
Although electric trolleys have not run in Brooklyn since 1956, activists led by the Brooklyn Historic Railway Association (BHRA) have been trying to revive streetcars in Red Hook since 1989. With permission from New York City's government to develop | 6,131,210 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
a streetcar line running from Beard Street to Borough Hall, in the 1990s BHRA president Robert Diamond collected disused PCC streetcars that had been used in Boston and Buffalo for potential use on the new line. By 1999, Diamond had begun laying new track for the project, but in 2003 transportation officials elected to revoke Diamond's rights to the route's right of way, instead intending to sell them to the highest bidder in the event that the project ever moved forward. Diamond's efforts to secure independent funding were not successful.
In 2005, Rep. Nydia Velázquez helped obtain a $300,000 federal grant for a six-month streetcar study. Although BHRA had estimated $10–$15 million would be | 6,131,211 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
required to complete the project, the New York City Department of Transportation (NYCDOT) streetcar feasibility study (completed in April 2011) concluded that the line would cost $176 million in capital funding, plus an additional $6.2 to $7.2 million in annual operating funds. A significant portion of the capital cost would be required to make modifications to Red Hook's narrow streets in order to allow streetcars to make right turns. The study ultimately found that the streetcar was not feasible because of high costs, potentially low ridership, and physical constraints like narrow streets.
In January 2016, a new proposal for a streetcar line in Red Hook, called the Brooklyn–Queens Connector, | 6,131,212 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
was made public by a non-profit group named Friends of the Brooklyn Queens Connector. The study proposed a route between the neighborhoods of Astoria in Queens and Sunset Park in Brooklyn, passing through several neighborhoods on the way, including Red Hook. The private results of the study estimated that the streetcar's construction would cost $1.7 billion and would serve 15.8 million annual riders by 2035. In February 2016, the office of Mayor Bill de Blasio announced that the city would begin planning work for the streetcar line. However, although a list of possible routings for the streetcar was released in November 2016, there was insufficient funding to start construction. By August 2018, | 6,131,213 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
the southern terminal of the proposed streetcar had been truncated to Red Hook and the proposed cost rose to $2.73 billion, with projected completion postponed to 2029.
## Vehicular.
Red Hook is connected to Manhattan by the Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel, whose approaches separate it from Carroll Gardens and Columbia Street to the north. The tunnel's toll plaza was formerly located in Red Hook but was removed in 2017, replaced by electronic toll collection gantries on the Manhattan side of the tunnel.
The Gowanus Expressway (Interstate 278) also runs through the neighborhood.
# Events.
The Red Hook Waterfront Arts Festival is an annual summer kick-off held in Louis J. Valentino, Jr. Park & Pier | 6,131,214 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
featuring dance, music, and spoken-word poetry. Dance Theatre Etcetera, the producers of the event, concentrate local resources for residents and bring in community partners with activities for the whole family.
Sunday's at Sunny's is a reading series held the first Sunday of every month, co-sponsored by Sunny's Bar and the independent bookstore BookCourt, and co-ordinated by writer Gabriel Cohen.
Red Hook Crit is an annual, unsanctioned bicycle race held on a springtime night on track bikes. It began as an underground event but has grown to become "what is possibly the country's coolest bike race."
The Brooklyn Street Circuit is located in Red Hook and hosts the annual New York City ePrix.
# | 6,131,215 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
Notable residents.
- Carmelo Anthony (born 1984), basketball player
- Al Capone (1899-1947), gangster
- Joe Gallo (1929-1972), who was commemorated in Bob Dylan's song "Joey" from the album "Desire".
- Stephen Kunken (born c. 1971), actor
- H. P. Lovecraft (1890-1937), author
- James McBride, writer
- Norman Mailer, novelist
- Sarah Rapelje, for whose family Brooklyn's Rapelye Street is named
- Hell Razah, rapper, member of hip-hop group Sunz of Man
- Matty Rich, director of movies "Straight Out of Brooklyn" and "The Inkwell"
- Shabazz the Disciple, rapper, member of hip-hop group Sunz of Man
- Michael Shannon (born 1974), actor
- Peter Steele (1962-2010), member of Type O Negative
- | 6,131,216 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
Taz (born 1967 as Peter Senerchia), former professional wrestler and color commentator
- Eli Wallach (1915-2014), actor
- Michelle Williams (born 1980), actress
- Dustin Yellin (born 1975), artist
# In popular culture.
- Red Hook was the setting for the H. P. Lovecraft 1927 story "The Horror at Red Hook".
- In Thomas Wolfe's short story "Only the Dead Know Brooklyn", a character rides the subway at night and is warned by the narrator to not walk around in Red Hook. It is written in transliterated circa 1936 Brooklynese.
- The 1954 film "On the Waterfront" is set in Red Hook, though it was filmed in Hoboken, New Jersey.
- The area was used as the setting for Arthur Miller's 1955 play | 6,131,217 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
"A View from the Bridge".
- Red Hook is the setting for the 1961 book "Memos from Purgatory" by Harlan Ellison.
- Red Hook is the birthplace of gangster Joe Gallo, which was commemorated in Bob Dylan's song "Joey" from the album "Desire".
- In the 1988 film "Spike of Bensonhurst", the protagonist moves from Bensonhurst to Red Hook after being chased out of his old neighborhood by the Mafia.
- Red Hook was the setting for the 1964 novel "Last Exit to Brooklyn" by Hubert Selby Jr. and the 1989 film of the same name.
- Red Hook appears in Bill Murray's 1990 movie "Quick Change" as the neighborhood in which the robbers get lost and witness two men on bikes apparently having some sort of chivalric | 6,131,218 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
fight over honor with garden tools.
- The 1991 independent and award-winning film "Straight Out of Brooklyn" is set in the Red Hook Housing Projects.
- In the 1997 film "Cop Land", after a white NYPD officer kills two African American motorists who he thought were firing on him, the other officers back him up referring to his past heroic action in Red Hook.
- Red Hook figures prominently in Gabriel Cohen's 2001 crime novel "Red Hook", nominated for the Edgar award for Best First Novel.
- Red Hook is the setting of Reggie Nadelson's 2005 crime novel, also called "Red Hook".
- Red Hook is featured in Lil Kim's music video for the song "Lighters Up", which plays homage to Lil Kim's hometown | 6,131,219 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
of Brooklyn.
- Pier 41 at 204 Van Dyke Street was used as the setting of a bar scene in the 2005 Will Smith film "Hitch".
- A neighborhood based on Red Hook appears in the 2008 video game "Grand Theft Auto IV", under the name "East Hook".
- The 2008 independent documentary film "A Hole in a Fence" by D. W. Young chronicles the changing fortunes of Red Hook.
- In Cassandra Clare's 2009 book "City of Ashes", the main characters drive to this beach as a way to get to Valentine's ship.
- The cast of "", part of MTV's reality television series "The Real World", resided at Pier 41 in 2009.
- Red Hook is the first dance battle that takes place in the 2010 film "Step Up 3D", in the lead up to | 6,131,220 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
the World Jam Competition.
- The protagonist of the 2011 film "The Adjustment Bureau" grew up in Red Hook.
- It is mentioned in "Red Hook Summer", a 2012 American film directed by Spike Lee.
- Red Hook is the setting for "Visitation Street", a 2013 novel by Ivy Pochoda.
- Red Hook is the birthplace and sometimes current residence of Steve Rogers, also known as Captain America.
- Professional wrestler Taz is said to be from the "Red Hook section of Brooklyn, New York".
- "The Red Hook" is the name of a cocktail created at Milk & Honey.
- Red Hook is featured prominently in the FX TV series "The Strain".
- Red Hook is the setting of the Type O Negative song "In Praise Of Bacchus" off of | 6,131,221 |
536839 | Red Hook, Brooklyn | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red%20Hook,%20Brooklyn | Red Hook, Brooklyn
to be from the "Red Hook section of Brooklyn, New York".
- "The Red Hook" is the name of a cocktail created at Milk & Honey.
- Red Hook is featured prominently in the FX TV series "The Strain".
- Red Hook is the setting of the Type O Negative song "In Praise Of Bacchus" off of the album "October Rust", as evidenced by the lyric, "The street lamps light a wet old Red Hook road". The song also references the Brooklyn Bridge and Pier 6.
- Red Hook is the setting of the 2018 indie drama-comedy music film Hearts Beat Loud directed by Brett Haley.
# External links.
- Red Hook Star-Revue local newspaper distributed in Red Hook and the adjacent Columbia Waterfront District and Carroll Gardens. | 6,131,222 |
37318759 | Ngodwana | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ngodwana | Ngodwana
Ngodwana
Ngodwana is a town in Ehlanzeni District Municipality in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. | 6,131,223 |
37318770 | Susan Knight | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Susan%20Knight | Susan Knight
Susan Knight
Susan Margaret Knight (23 March 1942 – 29 May 2009) was an Australian diver who competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics and in the 1964 Summer Olympics. | 6,131,224 |
37318776 | 2012 Russian gubernatorial elections | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2012%20Russian%20gubernatorial%20elections | 2012 Russian gubernatorial elections
2012 Russian gubernatorial elections
Russian gubernatorial elections in 2012 took place on October 14 in Amur, Bryansk, Belgorod, Novgorod and Ryazan oblast.
The ballots in governors’ elections in the Amur, Belgorod and Ryazan regions had four names to choose from. The ballot in the Novgorod region contains three names. Totally, 17 candidates from six political parties will compete for five governor seats. The parties represent the State Duma’s "big four" United Russia, the Communists, the Liberal-Democratic Party and A Just Russia, as well as Right Cause and Patriots of Russia. Candidates from LDPR and the Liberal-Democratic Party competed in four regions, those from the Communist Party of | 6,131,225 |
37318776 | 2012 Russian gubernatorial elections | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2012%20Russian%20gubernatorial%20elections | 2012 Russian gubernatorial elections
ussia, the Communists, the Liberal-Democratic Party and A Just Russia, as well as Right Cause and Patriots of Russia. Candidates from LDPR and the Liberal-Democratic Party competed in four regions, those from the Communist Party of the Russian Federation in three, Right Course and Patriots of Russia are represented in two regions, and A Just Russia in one.
The Russian Interior Ministry released a statement saying "To ensure law and order and public security, over 102,000 police and interior troops, 2,800-strong staff of private security firms and 3,900 representatives of voluntary people’s squads, public formations and Cossacks will be involved during the holding of the Unified Voting Day". | 6,131,226 |
37318774 | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bureau%20Bijzondere%20Opdrachten | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten
Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten
The Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten (BBO, "Office of Special Assignments") was a Dutch secret service during World War II. The BBO dispatched secret agents to the German-occupied Netherlands, where they supported the local resistance and carried out sabotage activities.
The BBO worked closely with the British secret service Special Operations Executive (SOE), which played a leading role in the Allied sabotage activities behind enemy lines. The agency's mission included inciting revolt and guerrilla activity in German-occupied territory, hampering the enemy through sabotage action such as blowing up railway lines and assassinating Germans; organising and supporting | 6,131,227 |
37318774 | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bureau%20Bijzondere%20Opdrachten | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten
local resistance groups, for instance by supplying them with arms and ammunition; and supporting the underground press.
The CRASH Luchtoorlog- en Verzetsmuseum '40-'45, a museum housed in the Fort bij Aalsmeer in Aalsmeerderbrug, has a permanent exhibition devoted to the agents who worked for the BBO during World War II. In particular, the exhibition focuses on BBO agent Jos Gemmeke.
# History.
Following the "Englandspiel", whereby the Germans successfully infiltrated the Dutch resistance (costing the lives of 54 secret agents and hundreds of resistance members), the Dutch government in exile in the spring of 1944 established the BBO as a new secret service.
The agency was the successor | 6,131,228 |
37318774 | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bureau%20Bijzondere%20Opdrachten | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten
of the Bureau Militaire Voorbereiding Terugkeer (BMT, "Office for the Military Preparation for the Return"), which in 1942 had in turn replaced the Bureau Voorbereiding van de Terugkeer naar Nederland en het Herstel van het Wettig Gezag Aldaar (BVT, "Office for the Preparation for the Return to the Netherlands and the Re-establishment of Lawful Rule There"). In addition to the BBO, the Dutch also operated a second secret service, the Bureau Inlichtingen (BI, "Office of Intelligence"), which focused on espionage and intelligence gathering.
On 13 March 1944, the Dutch government in exile appointed a retired general major, Johan Willem van Oorschot, to head the BBO. The day-to-day operations were | 6,131,229 |
37318774 | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bureau%20Bijzondere%20Opdrachten | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten
run by Kas de Graaf. Between 31 March 1944 and 23 April 1945, a total of 70 BBO agents parachuted into the Netherlands, at least 17 of which were killed. BBO agents arranged a total of 211 weapons and supplies droppings at 86 different drop sites.
Following the Allied liberation of the Netherlands, an office of the BBO was established in Utrecht in May 1945. The office, led by Kas de Graaf, was tasked with investigating possible German infiltration of the BBO, among others. On 3 December 1945, the BBO was placed under the command of the chief of the general staff. The Utrecht office was closed on 1 March 1946, followed by the London headquarters on 1 June of that year.
# Executed BBO agents.
Op | 6,131,230 |
37318774 | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bureau%20Bijzondere%20Opdrachten | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten
5 September 1944 at Kamp Vught:
- Nicolaas Johan Celosse
Op 6 September 1944 at Mauthausen:
- Leonardus Theodorus Cornelis Andringa, Pieter Arnoldus Arendse, Klaas van der Bor, Cornelis Carel Braggaar, Johannes Jan Cornelis Buizer, Joseph Bukkens, Johannes Jan Cornelis, Cees Droogleever Fortuyn, Gerard John van Hemert, Jan Charles Hofstede, George Jambroes, Roelof Christiaan Jongelie, Barend Klooss, Meindert Koolstra, Willem Johan Niermeijer, Gerrit van Os, Evert Radema, George Lodewijk Ruseler, Hendrik Johannes Sebes, Horst Reinder Steeksma, Thijs Taconis, Pieter van der Wilden, Willem van der Wilden
Op 7 September 1944 at Mauthausen:
- Aart Alblas, Arnoldus Albert Baatsen, Karel Willem | 6,131,231 |
37318774 | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bureau%20Bijzondere%20Opdrachten | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten
Adriaan Beukema toe Water, Pieter Cornelis Boogaart, Oscar de Brey, Johanes Cornelis Dane, Jan Emmer, Johannes Henricus Marie de Haas, Jerry van Hemert, Cornelis Eliza van Hulsteijn, Pieter Kamphorst, Meindert Koolstra, Arie Johannnes de Kruyff, Johannes Hermanus Arnoldus Maria ter Laak, Antoon Berend Mink, Willem Johan Niermeyer, Michiel Pals, Laurentius Maria Punt, Gozewin Hendrik Gerard Ras, Hendrik Reinder Steeksma, Ivo van Uijtvanck, Toon Wegner
Op 31 December 1944 at Mauthausen:
- Toon van Steen
Op 8 March 1945 on the Waalsdorpervlakte:
- Willem Frederik Hoogewerff, Richard Barmé.
# Further reading.
- Roever, E. de. "Zij sprongen bij maanlicht. De geschiedenis van het Bureau Bijzondere | 6,131,232 |
37318774 | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bureau%20Bijzondere%20Opdrachten | Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten
is Dane, Jan Emmer, Johannes Henricus Marie de Haas, Jerry van Hemert, Cornelis Eliza van Hulsteijn, Pieter Kamphorst, Meindert Koolstra, Arie Johannnes de Kruyff, Johannes Hermanus Arnoldus Maria ter Laak, Antoon Berend Mink, Willem Johan Niermeyer, Michiel Pals, Laurentius Maria Punt, Gozewin Hendrik Gerard Ras, Hendrik Reinder Steeksma, Ivo van Uijtvanck, Toon Wegner
Op 31 December 1944 at Mauthausen:
- Toon van Steen
Op 8 March 1945 on the Waalsdorpervlakte:
- Willem Frederik Hoogewerff, Richard Barmé.
# Further reading.
- Roever, E. de. "Zij sprongen bij maanlicht. De geschiedenis van het Bureau Bijzondere Opdrachten en de agenten, Londen 1944-1945". Baarn: Hollandia, 1986 (Dutch) | 6,131,233 |
37318794 | Vitellidelos dulcis | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vitellidelos%20dulcis | Vitellidelos dulcis
Vitellidelos dulcis
Vitellidelos dulcis is a species of small, air-breathing, carnivorous land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae. This species is found in Australia. | 6,131,234 |
37318814 | Kathy Rowlatt | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kathy%20Rowlatt | Kathy Rowlatt
Kathy Rowlatt
Kathy Rowlatt (born 14 May 1948) is a British former diver who competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics. | 6,131,235 |
37318797 | Joy Newman | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joy%20Newman | Joy Newman
Joy Newman
Joy E Newman (born 17 November 1945) is a British former diver.
# Diving career.
She competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics.
She represented England in the 10 metres platform at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Perth, Australia. Four years later she returned to compete in the same event and this time won the gold medal at the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Kingston, Jamaica. | 6,131,236 |
37318815 | Elena Kononenko | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elena%20Kononenko | Elena Kononenko
Elena Kononenko
Elena Kononenko () is a retired Ukrainian swimmer who won a gold medal in the 4×100 m medley relay at the 1991 European Aquatics Championships. The same year she won a national title in the 100 m butterfly event. | 6,131,237 |
37318799 | Kåre Thomsen | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kåre%20Thomsen | Kåre Thomsen
Kåre Thomsen
Kåre Thomsen (born 30 December 1959) is a Norwegian Jazz musician (guitar) and graphic designer, known from a number of releases and active on the Bergen jazz scene performing with musicians like Karl Seglem, Vigleik Storaas and Terje Isungset. He is the younger brother of the acclaimed Bergen Guitarist Ole Thomsen.
# Career.
Thomsen was born in Bergen. When growing up, he was inspired by Jazz fusion and played in bands like "Rabies" (including drummer Atle Garmann & bassist Knut Vaksdal), and "One Step Limbo" together with Program 81/82 vocalist Kate Augestad and bassist Frank Hovland among others,
In 1987 Thomsen appeared on the show "Nattsang" at NRK, within the band "Growl", | 6,131,238 |
37318799 | Kåre Thomsen | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kåre%20Thomsen | Kåre Thomsen
comprising Karl Seglem (saxophone), Vigleik Storaas (piano), Odd Magne Gridseth (bass) and Terje Isungset (drums) in addition.
Thomsen within an eight men strong guitarist happening (Mats Grønner, Ronny Heimdal, Morten Sæle, Kato Ådland, Reinhardt Døskeland, Mads Eriksen and Jan Ove Nordeide in addition) appeared with brother Ole Thomsen's band "Electric Heavyland" (Frank Jakobsen, Øivind Lunde, Harald Dahlstrøm, in addition to his brother) performing a concert at Nattjazz in 1993. In addition Thomsen has several performances at the Bergen Jazz Festival Nattjazz. Within the band "Tundra" (1984), "Growl" (1986–87), "Poems for Trio" (1986–93, 1989–91 with Frode Rasmussen), "Hip Slippers" (1991), | 6,131,239 |
37318799 | Kåre Thomsen | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kåre%20Thomsen | Kåre Thomsen
d" (Frank Jakobsen, Øivind Lunde, Harald Dahlstrøm, in addition to his brother) performing a concert at Nattjazz in 1993. In addition Thomsen has several performances at the Bergen Jazz Festival Nattjazz. Within the band "Tundra" (1984), "Growl" (1986–87), "Poems for Trio" (1986–93, 1989–91 with Frode Rasmussen), "Hip Slippers" (1991), and "Frank's Friends N'Loose Ends" (1993).
# Discography.
## As musical performer.
- With Karl Seglem
- 1988: "Poems For Trio" (Hot Club Records)
- 1991: "Sogn-A-Song" (NorCD)
- With Ole Amund Gjersvik
- 1990: "Voice From the Past"
## As photo designer.
- 2010 – Karl Seglem: "Ossicles" (Ozella Music)
# External links.
- Kåre Thomsen official website | 6,131,240 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
Excite
Excite (stylized as excite) is an internet portal launched in 1995 that provides a variety of content including news and weather, a metasearch engine, a web-based email, instant messaging, stock quotes, and a customizable user homepage. It is currently operated by IAC Applications (formerly Mindspark) of IAC, and Excite Networks. In the U.S., the main Excite site has long been a personal start page called My Excite. Excite also operates an e-mail service, although it is no longer open for new customers.
The original Excite company was founded in 1994 and went public two years later. Excite was one of the most recognized brands on the Internet that decade, with the main portal site Excite.com | 6,131,241 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
being the sixth most visited website in 1997 and fourth by 2000. The company merged with broadband provider @Home Network but together went bankrupt in 2001. Excite's portal and services were acquired by iWon.com and then by Ask Jeeves, but the website went into a steep decline in popularity afterwards. As of January 2019, Excite.com ranks 3616th in the U.S. according to the Alexa rankings. The most popular Excite site is the local Japanese one, which ranks 240th in Japan.
# History.
Excite originally started as "Architext" in June 1993 at a garage in Cupertino, California by Graham Spencer, Joe Kraus, Mark VanHaren, Ryan McIntyre, Ben Lutch and Martin Reinfried, who were all students at Stanford | 6,131,242 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
University. The goal was to create software to manage the vast information on the World Wide Web. In July 1994, International Data Group paid them US$80,000 to develop an online service. In January 1995, Vinod Khosla (a former Stanford student), a partner at the venture capital firm, Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, arranged a US$250,000 "first round" backing for the project, with US$1.5 million provided over a ten-month period. Soon thereafter, Geoff Yang, of Institutional Venture Partners, introduced an additional US$1.5 million in financing and Excite was formally launched in October 1995.
In January 1996, George Bell joined Excite as its Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Excite also purchased | 6,131,243 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
two search engines (Magellan and WebCrawler) and signed exclusive distribution agreements with Netscape, Microsoft and Apple, in addition to other companies. Jim Bellows, then 72, was hired by Excite in 1994 to figure out how to present the content in a journalistic manner. He paid good journalists to write brief reviews of web sites. However, users wanted to get directly to the content and skipped the reviews, so the partnership with Bellows ended in 1998. Excite's original website design was mostly based on the orange color. In 1997 it was redesigned with a black and yellow theme, which mostly continues to this day.
On April 4, 1996, Excite went public with an initial offering of two million | 6,131,244 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
shares. Its offering was however overshadowed by its biggest rival, Yahoo!, which also went public at the same time. Excite's six founders became millionaires after the offering. In November 1996, America Online (AOL) agreed to make Excite its exclusive search and directory service, in return of a larger 20 percent share in Excite and sale of WebCrawler. In June 1997, Intuit, maker of Quicken and TurboTax, purchased a 19% stake in Excite and finalized a seven-year partnership deal. On October 16, 1997, Excite purchased Netbot, a comparison shopping agent. At the same time Intuit announced the launch of "Excite Business & Investing". Later that year a deal was finalized with Ticketmaster to provide | 6,131,245 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
direct online ticketing. On March 31, 1998, Excite reported a net loss of approximately $30.2 million and according to its first quarter report it had only enough available capital to meet obligations through December. Content from Excite's portal was collated from over 100 different sources. Excite was the first portal to start offering free e-mail, and this step was followed by rivals Yahoo! and Lycos.
A November 1997 press release showed that there were about 11.8 million unique visitors to the Excite "network" during a 28-day period from September to October.
In December 1998, Yahoo! was in negotiations to purchase Excite for $5.5 billion to $6 billion. However, prompted by Kleiner Perkins, | 6,131,246 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
@Home Network's Chairman and CEO, Thomas Jermoluk met with Excite's chairman and CEO George Bell on December 19, and Excite was subsequently acquired by @Home Network, on January 19, 1999. At this time, Excite was the sixth largest Internet portal by traffic. At one point, Microsoft was also interested in Excite, and had plans to merge it into its own MSN.com portal.
According to Justin Rohrlich, writing for Minyanville.com, later in 1999, two graduate students at Stanford University, Sergey Brin and Larry Page, decided that Google, the search engine they had developed, was taking up time they should have been using to study. They went to Bell and offered it to him for $1 million, but Bell | 6,131,247 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
rejected the offer, and later threw Vinod Khosla, one of Excite's venture capitalists, out of his office after he had negotiated Brin and Page down to $750,000. Excite's refusal to buy what became a $900 billion company by 2019 was labeled by Rohrlich a "stupid business decision". In a 2014 podcast and later again to CNBC, then-CEO of Excite, George Bell, said that the deal fell apart because Larry Page wanted Excite's search technologies to be replaced by Google's, to which Bell did not agree on.
## Excite@Home.
The US$6.7 billion merger of Excite and @Home Network in 1999 became one of the largest mergers of two Internet companies at the time. @Home's high-speed Internet services and existing | 6,131,248 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
portal were combined with Excite's search engine and portal, with a move towards personalized web portal content following the merger. The new company was named "Excite@Home" (the stock symbol and the company's name in regulatory filing records remained as "At Home Corporation" (ATHM)) and, six months after the merger, Tom Jermoluk stepped down as CEO of Excite@Home. Excite's George Bell, who was the President of the Excite division of @Home after the merger, became the new CEO of the combined Excite@Home, whilst Jermoluk remained Chairman of the Board. The merger was billed as a "new media network for the 21st century."
Following the merger, the Excite division purchased iMall, as well as | 6,131,249 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
online greeting card company, Blue Mountain Arts. Excite also acquired photo sharing company Webshots. Excite furthermore paid for sponsorship of Infiniti Indy car driver Eddie Cheever, Jr., through the 2000 and 2001 racing seasons. However, the merger between Excite and @Home fell disastrously short of expectations. Online advertising revenue plummeted, while cable network ISP revenue continued to grow. On September 21, 2000, after stock value had dropped 90%, George Bell announced plans to step down as CEO within six months. On April 23, 2001, Excite@Home announced Patti S. Hart, the former CEO of Telocity, would become its third CEO in three years. In the same announcement, George Bell resigned | 6,131,250 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
and left the company completely. The company also reported first-quarter net loss of $61.6 million, compared with a loss of $4.6 million in the same period the prior year.
The search engine Magellan, which Excite had purchased in 1996, was closed down in May 2001.
On June 11, 2001, Excite@Home announced that it had raised $100 million in financing from Promethean Capital Management and Angelo Gordon & Co. Part of the deal was that the loan was repayable immediately if Excite@Home stock was delisted by NASDAQ. The loan, structured as a note convertible into shares of Excite, had an interest rate of zero. By August 20 of that year, Excite@Home had replaced its auditors Ernst & Young with PricewaterhouseCoopers. | 6,131,251 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
This triggered a demand from Promethean Capital Management and Angelo Gordon & Co for the immediate repayment of $50 million in debt. Furthermore, Cox Cable and Comcast announced that they would separate from Excite@Home by the first quarter of 2002.
On September 13, 2001, Excite@Home sold Blue Mountain Arts to American Greetings for less than 5% of what it had paid less than two years earlier. On October 1, 2001, Excite@Home filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of California. The company's remaining 1,350 employees were laid off over the following months. As part of the agreement, @Home's national high-speed fiber network access | 6,131,252 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
would be sold back to AT&T Corporation. @Home Liquidating Trust became the successor company to Excite@Home, charged with the sale of all assets of the former company.
At the end of 2001, the Webshots assets were purchased by the company's founders for $2.4 million in cash from the Bankruptcy Court.
Despite the financial problems, the Excite network of sites continued to draw many visitors in the U.S., albeit behind AOL Time Warner, Microsoft/MSN and Yahoo!
## Excite Network.
During the collapse of Excite@Home, iWon.com, an Irvington, New York–based venture, had surreptitiously commenced the design of a new Excite website; iWon.com planned to acquire the Excite.com domain name and brand | 6,131,253 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
in the course of the bankruptcy proceedings. IWon.com eventually made a joint bid with Seattle's InfoSpace to purchase the domain name and brand. On November 28, 2001, the court accepted the bid and gave iWon less than three weeks to launch a new Excite portal. Bill Daugherty, iWon's founder and co-chief executive at the time, told "The New York Times", "I feel like a guy who lived through a hurricane, got pounded and pounded and managed to survive when everyone else was destroyed. Suddenly you walk outside and because of the storm you have beachfront property. That's what Excite is to us."
On December 16, 2001, iWon launched the new Excite portal and transferred millions of Excite users to | 6,131,254 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
its new home. iWon changed its corporate name to "Excite Network", and continued to operate Excite, iWon, and a third portal, MyWay. Outside of the United States, Excite Italia took control of portals in UK, Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland, and Austria. InfoSpace, for its part, owned and operated the web search function on Excite, with Excite's own database now depreciated and instead using Overture and Inktomi search results, along with DMOZ (Open Directory) for the directory and Dogpile metasearch for news results. This proved to be a short-sighted arrangement as searching became big business on the Internet in the ensuing years.
## Acquisition by Ask Jeeves.
Excite | 6,131,255 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
continued to operate until the Excite Network was acquired by Ask Jeeves (now Ask.com) in March 2004. Ask Jeeves promised to rejuvenate iWon and Excite, but was not able to. Ask Jeeves management became distracted, according to the "East Bay Business Times", first by a search feature arms race with Google and Yahoo!, and then by its merger with Barry Diller's IAC/InterActiveCorp, announced in March 2005. "Hopefully, as we start to invest more and get the staff in place and some of the changes to the portal properties that we want, we hope to see (revenue) grow back in the latter half of the year," said Ask Jeeves CEO Steve Berkowitz during a conference call with analysts on April 27, 2005.
On | 6,131,256 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
May 20, 2005, Ask Jeeves made two announcements regarding the rejuvenation of the Excite brand. It first announced that it had acquired Excite Italia B.V. (the operator of Excite Europe), from Tiscali, S.p.A.; and, secondly, the company reported that it had reached a comprehensive settlement with InfoSpace regarding Excite in the United States, whereby Ask Jeeves and InfoSpace would share marketing costs and revenue from the Excite web search function. Regarding the acquisition, Ask Jeeves CEO, Steve Berkowitz, said, "We look forward to working with InfoSpace to enhance the search experience on Excite, now that our interests are aligned." On October 17, 2007, GOADV, a media company specializing | 6,131,257 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
in the generation of Internet "traffic", announced the completion of its acquisition of the European Excite group of companies.
Excite has never managed to recover back to its heyday popularity. It remains notable in Japan, however. Excite Japan, headquartered in Tokyo, was founded on August 4, 1997 in a partnership with Itochu. After Excite@Home's collapse, Itochu became majority shareholder of Excite Japan (90 percent).
# Other services.
## FreeLane by Excite.
In a bid to compete against Internet Service Providers like NetZero and Juno Online, which offered free or low-cost dial-up access in the United States, Excite started offering its own "no-pay" service for private customers by partnering | 6,131,258 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
with 1stUp.com to create FreeLane by Excite: 1stUp would allow Excite customers to download software in order for them to be able to log-on to the Internet. The software would then rotate a series of sponsored banner advertisements on the user's computer while they surfed the Internet. 1stUp.com soon went out of business, and Excite switched to another partner named WorldShare, rebranding FreeLane as FreeLane version 2.0. As of March 1, 2001 FreeLane was discontinued.
## Ticketsmate.
Ticketsmate, in partnership with Excite, sells tickets to customers in the United States. The portal is essentially a ticket selling website where users can buy tickets and search through thousands of events and | 6,131,259 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
venues. The powerful search engine capabilities of the Excite server are utilized on this website to help the user search for tickets and events.
## Excite Education.
Since 1999, Excite has also had an education portal that can be used by people to search for and apply for different degrees and online courses. The Excite Education portal features a list of thousands of educational institutes across America for prospective students to browse through and apply at.
# See also.
- Lycos
- Google
- Yahoo!
- AltaVista
- Infoseek
- HotBot
- List of search engines
# External links.
- Excite France
- Excite Germany
- Excite Italy
- Excite Japan
- Excite Netherlands
- Excite Spain
- Excite | 6,131,260 |
536846 | Excite | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Excite | Excite
ties of the Excite server are utilized on this website to help the user search for tickets and events.
## Excite Education.
Since 1999, Excite has also had an education portal that can be used by people to search for and apply for different degrees and online courses. The Excite Education portal features a list of thousands of educational institutes across America for prospective students to browse through and apply at.
# See also.
- Lycos
- Google
- Yahoo!
- AltaVista
- Infoseek
- HotBot
- List of search engines
# External links.
- Excite France
- Excite Germany
- Excite Italy
- Excite Japan
- Excite Netherlands
- Excite Spain
- Excite UK
- My Excite (US)
- Excite Search | 6,131,261 |
37318848 | Turkey, Limpopo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkey,%20Limpopo | Turkey, Limpopo
Turkey, Limpopo
Turkey is a town in the Mopani District Municipality, located in the Limpopo province of South Africa. | 6,131,262 |
37318779 | Matsulu | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matsulu | Matsulu
Matsulu
Matsulu is a township in the Mbombela Municipality under the Ehlanzeni District Municipality in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. It lies next to the N4 national road 41 km east of Nelspruit(Mbombela) CBD, 3 km before the Kaapmuiden train station.
The township is divided into three (3) sections, namely;
- Matsulu A
- Matsulu B
- Matsulu C
# History.
The township was established in the 1970s. Its existence came to be when African natives were forcefully removed from the nearby lands to form sugarcane plantations then relocated to the land which now forms Matsulu Township. It is alleged that the area was named after a resident who had informally settled there prior to the | 6,131,263 |
37318779 | Matsulu | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matsulu | Matsulu
forced allocation, the name of the resident was Matsulu.
From the 1970s to 1994 the township was administrated by the now defunct KaNgwane District Bantustan. It played a major role as an official residency for Members of Parliament (KaNgwane District Bantustan).
Like many South African townships, Matsulu was embroiled in Apartheid-era violence during the 80s and the early 90s.
In 1994 the administration of the township was handed over to the then Greater Nelspruit City Council ending the KaNgwane District Bantustan administration. This was due to the termination of Apartheid and its policies.
# Post 1994.
Matsulu was re-organised and municipal wards were allocated to streamline it with | 6,131,264 |
37318779 | Matsulu | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matsulu | Matsulu
the rest of the City Council (now called Mbombela Municipality).
# Economy.
The township's economy is heavily dependent on its mother city Nelspruit (Mbombela) where most of its employed skilled and semiskilled residents work. The township's economy itself is largely informal where a few hundred find employment in primary economy sectors like brick manufacturing, bricklaying, while some people are also employed on the nearby fruit farms as seasonal workers.
Cornershops known as spaza shops are found scattered throughout the area which are often owned and operated by foreigners like Somali, Ethiopian and Pakistani immigrants on leased residential sites.
There is a single formal shopping complex | 6,131,265 |
37318779 | Matsulu | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matsulu | Matsulu
with a dozen shops encored by the Spar retailer. However, there is no dedicated CBD, nor industrial site, so many businesses operate unregulated at random locations without any municipal control or any observation of the country's labour laws.
# Educational Institutions.
Here is the list of public education institutions in Matsulu:
Primary Schools
- Benjamin Primary School
- Enzani Primary School
- Funindlela Primary School
- Lethakuthula Primary School
- Matsulu Primary School
- Phumalanga Primary School
- Sehlulile Primary School
- Sukumani Primary School
- Takheleni Primary School
- Tsandzanani Primary School
High Schools
- Tikhontele Secondary School
- Sibusisiwe Secondary | 6,131,266 |
37318779 | Matsulu | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matsulu | Matsulu
School
- Masitakhe Secondary School
- Sitfokotile Secondary School
Tertiary
- Matsulu TVET Skills Academy
# Transportation.
Ways to get in-and-around Matsulu while using public transportation. They include;
- Minibus taxis which operate on a short range distance from Matsulu to Nelspruit(Mbombela), Malelane and back.
- Buscor buses which operate on a short range distance from Matsulu to Nelspruit(Mbombela), Malelane, Barberton and back.
- Local taxis which only operate in and around Matsulu serving the three (3) sections of the township. These local taxis take form of Toyota Avanzas and they transport locals on tarred/paved roads, ignoring the gravel.
- Via air utilising the Kruger | 6,131,267 |
37318779 | Matsulu | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matsulu | Matsulu
al taxis take form of Toyota Avanzas and they transport locals on tarred/paved roads, ignoring the gravel.
- Via air utilising the Kruger Mpumalanga International Airport with flights from major cities in Southern Africa, Matsulu is 40 km east of the airport.
- Railway utilising the Kaapmuiden train station which is 3 km outside Matsulu. It should be of note that the train arrives only once a day at around 18h00 local time coming from Johannesburg.
# Climate.
Matsulu has a subtropical climate with very warm humid summers and cool dry winters.
# Nearby Places of Interest.
Tourist attractions within the 150 km radius :
- Kruger National Park
- Mthethomusha Game Reserve
- Sudwala Caves | 6,131,268 |
37318844 | Valerie Beddoe | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valerie%20Beddoe | Valerie Beddoe
Valerie Beddoe
Valerie Jane Beddoe, (née McFarlane, born 15 October 1960) is an Australian former diver who competed in the 1980 and 1984 Summer Olympics, and in three Commonwealth Games. She won a gold medal in the 10m platform at the 1982 Commonwealth Games, having taken silver in the event in 1978. In her title defence in 1986, she came second behind Canada's Debbie Fuller to claim her second Commonwealth silver medal.
Awarded the Australian Sports Medal in 2000, Beddoe was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia in 2001 in recognition of her "service to diving as a competitor, coach and administrator." | 6,131,269 |
37318829 | Louis Smith Tainter House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis%20Smith%20Tainter%20House | Louis Smith Tainter House
Louis Smith Tainter House
The Louis Smith Tainter House is a historic building in Menomonie, Wisconsin, United States. The building was built in 1889 by architect Harvey Ellis; it was funded by Andrew Tainter, a partner in Knapp, Stout & Co., as a home and wedding gift for his son Louis Smith Tainter. The building was built out of locally quarried sandstone in the Richardsonian Romanesque style. Paul Wilson, the son of lumberman William Wilson, owned the house after Tainter; in 1940, Dunn County repossessed the property for back taxes. The Stout Institute bought the property from the county and converted it to a women's dormitory named Eichelberger Hall for the University of Wisconsin–Stout | 6,131,270 |
37318829 | Louis Smith Tainter House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis%20Smith%20Tainter%20House | Louis Smith Tainter House
building was built out of locally quarried sandstone in the Richardsonian Romanesque style. Paul Wilson, the son of lumberman William Wilson, owned the house after Tainter; in 1940, Dunn County repossessed the property for back taxes. The Stout Institute bought the property from the county and converted it to a women's dormitory named Eichelberger Hall for the University of Wisconsin–Stout in 1945. The house was later converted to offices for the university and now houses the Stout University Foundation and the Stout Alumni Association. On July 18, 1974, the house was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
# External links.
- Property record at the Wisconsin Historical Society | 6,131,271 |
37318851 | Roger Marion | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roger%20Marion | Roger Marion
Roger Marion
Roger Marion (August 5, 1846 – April 13, 1920) was a trader, civil servant and political figure in Manitoba. He represented Carillon from 1886 to 1888 and from 1896 to 1899 and St. Boniface from 1888 to 1892 in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba as a Conservative.
He was born in York Factory, the son of Narcisse Marion and Marie Bouchard, and was educated at the Collége de Saint-Boniface. Marion worked at Charles Bottineau's trading post in Dakota Territory for several years. From 1872 to 1876, he worked for the Customs Service in Manitoba and then was Manitoba License Commissioner from 1879 to 1885. In 1873, Marion married Julienne Carriere. He served on the council for St. | 6,131,272 |
37318851 | Roger Marion | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roger%20Marion | Roger Marion
ion and Marie Bouchard, and was educated at the Collége de Saint-Boniface. Marion worked at Charles Bottineau's trading post in Dakota Territory for several years. From 1872 to 1876, he worked for the Customs Service in Manitoba and then was Manitoba License Commissioner from 1879 to 1885. In 1873, Marion married Julienne Carriere. He served on the council for St. Boniface and was mayor from 1887 to 1890. Marion was elected president of the Union nationale métisse Saint-Joseph du Manitoba in 1891.
He was defeated when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 1892 before being elected again in 1896 and then was defeated again in 1899.
Marion died in St. Boniface at the age of 73. | 6,131,273 |
37318874 | Vyninka Arlow | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vyninka%20Arlow | Vyninka Arlow
Vyninka Arlow
Vyninka Arlow (born 25 March 1974) is an Australian former diver who competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics and in the 1996 Summer Olympics. She won a gold medal at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in the 10 metre springboard event. | 6,131,274 |
37318922 | Aleksandr Pletnev | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aleksandr%20Pletnev | Aleksandr Pletnev
Aleksandr Pletnev
Aleksandr Pletnev (; born 1948) is a retired Russian swimmer who won a gold medal in the 4×200 m freestyle relay at the 1966 European Aquatics Championships, setting a new European record; individually, he won a bronze medal in the 1500 m freestyle event. He also won three national titles in the 400 m (1966) and 1500 m (1965, 1966) freestyle. | 6,131,275 |
37318902 | Lawrence Wabara | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lawrence%20Wabara | Lawrence Wabara
Lawrence Wabara
Lawrence Wabara represented the Nigerian national football team in the 1950s.
His grandson, Reece is a professional footballer in the United Kingdom where he is on the books of Bolton Wanderers, having previously played for Manchester City, Blackpool, Oldham Athletic, Doncaster Rovers, Barnsley F.C and Wigan Athletic. | 6,131,276 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
Transylvanian mining railway
The Transylvanian Mining Railway was a local interest narrow-gauge (760mm gauge) railway which was the first mining railway in Transylvania. This railway was built to ease the transportation of the iron ore mined from the iron ore mines from Ghelari to the blast furnace in Govăjdia and the ironworks from Hunedoara. This railway was also known as the "Hunedoara-Ghelari Local Interest Railway", "CFI Hunedoara", "Mocăniţa Hunedoara", "Calea Ferată Minieră Ardeleană", "Erdélyi Bányavasút" in Hungarian. The line was long from Hunedoara to Govăjdia and another from Govăjdia to Retişoara terminus. This line was used by mixed trains that carried both iron ore and passengers | 6,131,277 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
from Ghelari to Govăjdia and Hunedoara's ironworks. They've also transported dolomite and limestone from the limestone quarries near Govăjdia to the ironworks.
# Line history.
Earlier the iron ore transport from the mines in Ghelari to the chutes and tipplers of the ironworks from Govăjdia was done by horses with two baskets attached on each side or other hired carriers until the demand and the price for the transported iron ore rose in 1859 from 18.6 Fillér/1 quintal to 53.6 Fillér/1 quintal of transported iron ore. Because of the rising expenses for the transportation of iron ore, the administration was forced to replace the transport system.
In 1859 they started digging a 600-metre-long | 6,131,278 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
tunnel from the main mine in Ghelari to Retişoara's valley which was completed in 1866 at a cost of 111,768 Krones and 50 Fillérs. Meanwhile, they built a 790-metre-long, 633 mm gauge railway specially for horse-drawn ore cars. At the end of the line they built a 160-metre-long chute where they dumped the iron ore to the Retişoara's valley floor which was 90–100 m lower than the level of the tunnel's exit. After the ore was dumped down the chute, the carriers transported the ore to the Govăjdia Blast Furnace which was 4 km away.
Thanks to these investments they have managed to lower the prices for the transported ore from 30 Fillérs to 10 Fillérs, but the ironworks from Govăjdia received less | 6,131,279 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
iron ore because the transporters came up with new demands which rushed the construction of the railway to the blast furnace in Govăjdia.
The altitude difference between the "Lukács László" mining face from the central mine in Ghelari and the throat of the blast furnace in Govăjdia was 260 metres; to compensate they built a 5120-metre-long, 633 mm gauge, divided in three sections by the chutes from Nădrab and Retişoara at a total cost of 20,000 Krones. Later theye built two water-driven jaw crushers for the iron ore. The last section of the Retişoara-Govăjdia line was completed in July 1871 and handed over for use. After the opening of the line and chutes, the transported iron ore cost dropped | 6,131,280 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
to 7 Fillérs for each quintal of transported iron ore. In 1888 the chutes were replaced by inclined planes (funicular), the first one 140 metres long at Nădrab, and the other 260 metres long at Retişoara.
After the construction of the ironworks at Hunedoara in 1882, the large quantity of iron ore mined from Ghelari couldn't be transported to Hunedoara by the existing systems, for that was necessary to build a separate transport system. Because of economic and
But after the start of the 4th blast furnace the existing ropeway conveyor system proved to be insufficient in enshuring the iron ore needs for all four blast furnaces, so they've decided to build a second ropeway conveyor system between | 6,131,281 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
Ghelari and Hunedoara parallel to the existing one.
Considering the high costs of transportation for the iron ore and charcoal to the blast furnaces from Govăjdia and Hunedoara, in 1897 they've decided a radical overhaul of the transport system.
This is how the "Transylvanian Mining Railway" was built where to the Retişoara's terminus arrives the iron ore mined from the mines of Ghelari which gets transported to the iron works from Govăjdia and Hunedoara.
The construction of the Transylvanian mining railway determined the radical overhaul of the Ghelari central mine's transport system, so it became necessary to descend the entire quantity of mined ore to the "Kerpely" mine face adit which | 6,131,282 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
was connected by railway to the "Lukács László" tunnel by extending the adit and the extension of this adit could have been done with modest costs.
The construction of the "Lukács László" tunnel was started in 1898 from two directions and met in the middle in 1899, the tunnel was 504,9 metres long along with the "Lukács László" adit reached 754 metres. The two entrances of the tunnel were lined with stone, for the rest of the tunnel lining wasn't necessary because it was passing through solid shale. The tunnel is 20 metres lower than the tunnel built in 1863, so because of the incline the water coming from the upper tunnel flowed down to the lower tunnel.
Through the "Lukács László" tunnel | 6,131,283 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
from the inclined plane, a 633mm gauge, electrified railway with an incline of 4‰ was built to the "Kerpely" adit where formally a horse-drawn existed and was electrified, also the inclined plane from Retişoara valley was overhauled to lower and raise 4 filled ore cars and 4 empty ore cars on the two platforms. The inclined plane worked by gravity so the weight of the first platform with the filled ore cars descending to the valley floor, pulled up via a cable the platform with the empty ore cars. The iron ore lowered on the inclined plane was forwarded via an 850-metre-long electrified (sometimes helped by a steam locomotive) which started from the base of the inclined plane and ended at the | 6,131,284 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
Retişoara's terminus where three electrically driven jaw crushers were installed to crush and sort the iron ore into eight class loading bins where they've loaded the iron ore into the cars of the train from where the iron ore was transported to the ironworks from Govăjdia and Hunedoara. The trackbed preparation work began in 1888 and in 1897 and 1898 were so advanced, that for the line construction the decision steps where, made after the connection of the Ghelari mine railway to the Retişoara inclined plane and after the overhaul of the Retişoara inclined plane, further more the legal occupation of the necessary terrain for the railway has started, the surveying of the trackbed was done successfully | 6,131,285 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
between January 9–13, 1899, the ministry of commerce asked for a visit from the government that was held at the Hunedoara town hall on 14 February 1899, the construction authorization was given verbally on the mining company's responsibility. The construction of the railway was started at the beginning of spring, on 4 March 1899 with the ceremonial first hoe stroke. The contract for the construction and usage of the railway was made between three Austrian companies called Gfrerer, Schoch and Grossmann under the ordinance number 24089 from 15 March 1899 issued by the Hungarian Kingdom's Finance Ministry.
The Transylvanian Mining Railway starts at Hunedoara, passes over the Zlaşti valley, and | 6,131,286 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
through the 747 meter tunnel at Căţănaş into Govăjdia valley from where gets to Retişoara valley that belongs to Ghelari, where it ends at the base of the inclined plane at a total length of 16 km, with a 760mm gauge built exclusively for steam locomotive usage, the highest incline on the open line was 27‰, in the stations 25‰, the tightest turn radius on the open track was 50 metres, in stations 50 metres. The weight of the steel rails used was 13.75 kg/m with usage of jointed tracks that were mounted on ties that were so densely placed so under the 2.5-ton weight exerted by each wheel, wouldn't surpass 1 ton on each cm².
The distance between tracks in the stations measured from the centre | 6,131,287 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
was 3 metres, considering the largest with of the rolling stock of 2,2 metere. The ties were trapezoid shaped, made of oak, at a length of 1,5 metres each, 12 cm high, bottom 20 cm wide, top 14 cm wide.
The Transylvanian Mining Railway had four stations at: Hunedoara, Govăjdia, Nădrab and Retişoara and four halts at: two at Zlaşti, one at Căţănaş and one at Tulea. The Hunedoara's West station was 5,35 metres higher than the upper factory railway leading to the throat of the number 4 blast furnace, and 6,65 above the level of the throat of the number 4 blast furnace. The lines of the station were connected to the factory's upper ore tipplers where the iron ore filled cars were shunted in by | 6,131,288 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
a locomotive and emptied. The station was also connected to the charcoal tipplers. Here they've also emptied the limestone. The line was also connected via a metal bridge to the earlier mentioned charcoal tipplers where the charcoal transported from the charcoal kilns in the Poiana Ruscă mountains and emptied here. For the transportation of iron ore on regular railway, a transfer station was built to transfer the iron ore from the narrow-gauge ore cars to the regular gauge cars. The exclusively mountain specific, mining railway with the high incline, three tunnels (the longest at 747 meters), with numerous artworks, exquisite metallic bridges, had a positive impact on the development and value | 6,131,289 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
of the two ironworks, also helped on the improvement of the image and installations of the ironworks, so it proved to be a real success for the local iron ore mining and the two ironworks.
The construction of the railway was constructed on the mining company's own expense, till 1906 the construction and conversion to a local interest railway costed 3655000 Krones, and another 300000 Krones calculated for a 30-year usage after the opening, so the railway is passed freely into the property and administration of the state Treasury.
On the railway they were compelled to transport to Hunedoara at least 180000 tonnes of ore yearly (to Govăjdia 20000 tonnes of ore yearly at a cost of 60–140 Fillér | 6,131,290 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
per ton), and also around 9000 tonnes of other materials and blast furnace products from Govăjdia yearly towards Hunedoara at a unitary price of 1,2 Fillér, in case of higher traffic the transport costs would be lowered accordingly.
The notes gathered by the Hungarian Kingdom's ministry of commerce at the time of visit of the government, were approved under the ordinance number 14230 on 27 April 1899, in the meantime the construction authorization was finally given. The mining railway was finalized under 19 months according to the construction contract. The inspection of the line was done on 29 September 1900 and handed over for use. In the second half of November 1900 the first test transport | 6,131,291 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
was also done to the contract accordingly when the line's transport simplification capacity was proven.
The above-mentioned installations were put in use and handed over for traffic in the autumn of 1900. On the Transylvanian mining railway from the opening, the following iron ore quantity was transported:
- 1900 – 20,380.8 T
- 1901 – 188,920.2 T
- 1902 – 206,507.2 T
- 1903 – 204,323.3 T
- 1904 – 184,302.9 T
- 1905 – 169,076.4 T
This railway was operated non-stop through the two world wars as a local interest railway with mixed trains. In the 1950s the original locomotives were replaced by 11 steam locomotives built at Reşiţa. The loco shed at Govăjdia was demolished and a new loco shed | 6,131,292 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
at Hunedoara was built on a hill near the Corvin's Castle. The original West-station building at Hunedoara was demolished and a new station building was built, the tracks were realigned and a delta junction was constructed around the station building, where they've rotated the locomotives without a turn table. Hunedoara's west station was the first station in Europe where the locomotives could circle around the station building. The terminus at Retişoara along with the last three km of railway were closed in the early 1970s, after a different tunnel was constructed in the mid-1960s between the underground mines from Ghelari and the iron ore processing plant from Teliucu Inferior. In 1967 a dolomite | 6,131,293 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
and talc quarry was opened at Crăciuneasa hamlet near Govăjdia, in the same time the terminus was built at Crăciuneasa called "Staţia Finală" which was located at 13 km from Hunedoara. From here they've transported dolomite, limestone, and talc to the limeworks from Zlaşti and to Hunedoara steel works.
In 1976 the entire line received major overhaul by replacing the 14 kg/m rails in to 40 kg/m type rails that were produced in Reşiţa. In the late 1970s-early 1980s the old Reşiţa steam locomotives were replaced by five 450 horsepower "Bo-BoDh" type "L45H" class diesel-hydraulic, locomotives; and one L35H class hydraulic locomotive, that were produced by the "Faur" factories from Bucharest. The | 6,131,294 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
original 7 ton capacity ore cars were replaced by "K" type hopper cars with capacities between 20–20 tons each with four axles mounted on two bogies. One Reşiţa steam locomotive number 12F was transformed into a mobile heating unit for passenger cars in winters. In 1990 the passenger service ceased, meantime at the loco shed worked around 120 employees in three shifts which were conductors, mechanics, drivers, track maintenance, etc. They've coupled to the trains tourist cars on demand. The original Zlaşti valley viaduct was replaced in the summer of 1992 to support greater loads. On the 13 km long segment they've transported dolomite, talc and limestone to the limeworks from Zlaşti and the | 6,131,295 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
steelworks in Hunedoara till 2000. In 2000 the Austrian company who built the line sent a letter to the management who owned the limeworks from Zlaşti and operated this railway, that the 100-year warranty of the bridges was expiring, and it's necessary for an inspection for all of the bridges. After this letter, in 2001 the management of the limeworks decided to remove and scrap 11 km of line between Crăciuneasa terminus and the Zlaşti limeworks, not considering the touristic and historical value. Along they've scrapped the bridges, on the perseverance of the villagers they've left one original bridge at Govăjdia for pedestrian use. Meanwhile, they've scrapped some of the old rolling stock and | 6,131,296 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
locomotives, some of the rolling stock was saved and exported. The last three bridges and the last 2,3 km long segment operated util October 2008 for transportation of limestone from the improvised loading station made in the former West-Station of Hunedoara, till the limeworks at Zlaşti. In the summer of 2009 due to economical reasons the management of the limeworks decided to scrap the last 2,3 segment of railway. The scrapping began on 19 June 2009 with the scrapping of the second curved bridge from Canton 1 Zlaşti. On 6 July 2009 they've started the removal and scrapping of the railway. Some of the rails were recovered and sold as second-hand rails for other railways. The last two L45H class | 6,131,297 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
diesel-hydraulic locos and the last ten "K" type hopper cars were transported to Crişcior for restoration and further use. The first curved bridge's segments were transported to Crişcior in February 2010 for restoration and use on the forestry line in Moldoviţa.
# The tunnels.
There are three tunnels on the line:
- The first tunnel is at 5 km from Hunedoara, it is a 747 m long straight tunnel. The construction of this tunnel started in 1888 and lasted 12 years. The tunnel was designed by two Italian engineer brothers. The digging of the tunnel was started by two teams on both sides of the mountain and meeting in the middle in 1894. The finishing work lasted another 6 years till the line opening | 6,131,298 |
37318746 | Transylvanian mining railway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian%20mining%20railway | Transylvanian mining railway
in 1900. The tunnel is passing through solid limestone uniting Zlaşti valley to Govăjdia valley, with a maximum incline of 27‰ from Zlaşti. The entrances and some sections of the tunnel's inside were lined with stone, other sections had the sidewalls lined with concrete with the ceilings lined with brick. Some sections of the tunnel have bare rock walls where reinforcement wasn't necessary. There are sections in the tunnel where groundwater is seeping in. Inside the tunnel at every 50 metres in the left wall they've constructed alcoves for people caught in the tunnel when the train was coming. A local company removed and scrapped the tracks after 2001. Today the tunnel is in excellent condition, | 6,131,299 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.