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2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
Treaty of Campo Formio, Crémines became part of the French Département of Mont-Terrible. Three years later, in 1800 it became part of the Département of Haut-Rhin. After Napoleon's defeat and the Congress of Vienna, Crémines was assigned to the Canton of Bern in 1815.
Until about 1900, the local economy was still dominated by agriculture with a few cottage industries that manufactured pottery, watch parts and arquebuses. This began to change with the growth of the machinery manufacturing industry in nearby Moutier and the construction of the Solothurn-Moutier railroad in 1904-08. A number of industrial factories settled in Crémines and remained. Today over half of the working population is | 6,137,000 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
in the industrial sector. In 1972, a zoo opened in the municipality.
# Geography.
Crémines has an area of . As of 2012, a total of or 42.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 52.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 5.4% is settled (buildings or roads) and or 0.3% is unproductive land.
During the same year, housing and buildings made up 2.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.3%. Out of the forested land, 44.9% of the total land area is heavily forested and 7.5% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 8.6% is used for growing crops and 15.1% is pastures and 18.2% is used for alpine pastures.
The municipality includes the village | 6,137,001 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
of Crémines in the Grand Val (valley of Moutier), and some scattered farmhouses on Mont Raimeux, which has only been accessible by road since 1859.
On 31 December 2009 District de Moutier, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Arrondissement administratif Jura bernois.
# Coat of arms.
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is "Argent a Cauldron Gules." The cauldron refers to the traditional wax gathering industry.
# Demographics.
Crémines has a population () of . , 8.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2001-2011) the population has changed at a rate of 3.4%. Migration | 6,137,002 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
accounted for 1.3%, while births and deaths accounted for 0.4%.
Most of the population () speaks French (464 or 80.4%) as their first language, German is the second most common (81 or 14.0%) and Spanish is the third (10 or 1.7%). There are 2 people who speak Italian.
, the population was 49.4% male and 50.6% female. The population was made up of 237 Swiss men (44.7% of the population) and 25 (4.7%) non-Swiss men. There were 246 Swiss women (46.4%) and 22 (4.2%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 167 or about 28.9% were born in Crémines and lived there in 2000. There were 164 or 28.4% who were born in the same canton, while 154 or 26.7% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, | 6,137,003 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
and 61 or 10.6% were born outside of Switzerland.
, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 22.4% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 55.5% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 22.1%.
, there were 211 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 280 married individuals, 58 widows or widowers and 28 individuals who are divorced.
, there were 84 households that consist of only one person and 18 households with five or more people. , a total of 168 apartments (66.7% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 82 apartments (32.5%) were seasonally occupied and 2 apartments (0.8%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing | 6,137,004 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
units was 1.9 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 1.27%. In 2011, single family homes made up 55.1% of the total housing in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
# Sights.
The entire village of Crémines is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
# Politics.
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Social Democratic Party (SP) which received 28.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Swiss People's Party (SVP) (25.5%), the Green Party (8.2%) and the Conservative Democratic Party (BDP) (8%). In the federal election, a total of 144 votes were cast, and the | 6,137,005 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
voter turnout was 36.5%.
# Economy.
, Crémines had an unemployment rate of 0.98%. , there were a total of 223 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 18 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 7 businesses involved in this sector. 111 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 8 businesses in this sector. 94 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 17 businesses in this sector. There were 263 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 39.2% of the workforce.
, there were 105 workers who commuted into the municipality and 172 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter | 6,137,006 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
of workers, with about 1.6 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 91 workers (46.4% of the 196 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Crémines. Of the working population, 15.2% used public transportation to get to work, and 57.4% used a private car.
In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Crémines making 150,000 CHF was 12.7%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 18.7%. For comparison, the rate for the entire canton in the same year, was 14.2% for married residents and 22.0% for single. The nationwide rate was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively. In 2009 there were a total of 224 tax payers in | 6,137,007 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
the municipality. Of that total, 59 made over 75,000 CHF per year. There were 4 people who made between 15,000 and 20,000 per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Crémines was 114,861 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF.
# Religion.
From the , 288 or 49.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, while 161 or 27.9% were Roman Catholic. Of the rest of the population, there were 5 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.87% of the population), there were 3 individuals (or about 0.52% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 28 individuals (or about 4.85% of the population) who belonged to another Christian | 6,137,008 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish, and 12 (or about 2.08% of the population) who were Islamic. There were 4 individuals who were Buddhist. 59 (or about 10.23% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 16 individuals (or about 2.77% of the population) did not answer the question.
# Education.
In Crémines about 55.5% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 11.3% have completed additional higher education (either university or a "Fachhochschule"). Of the 45 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 66.7% were Swiss men, 24.4% were Swiss women.
The Canton of Bern school system provides | 6,137,009 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.
During the 2011-12 school year, there were a total of 47 students attending classes in Crémines. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 16 students in the municipality. Of the kindergarten students, 12.5% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens). The municipality had 2 primary classes and 31 students. Of the primary students, 6.5% were | 6,137,010 |
2569135 | Crémines | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crémines | Crémines
were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens). The municipality had 2 primary classes and 31 students. Of the primary students, 6.5% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 16.1% have a different mother language than the classroom language.
, there were a total of 43 students attending any school in the municipality. Of those, 20 both lived and attended school in the municipality, while 23 students came from another municipality. During the same year, 51 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
# Notable persons from Crémines.
- Samuel Gobat, second Protestant Bishop of Jerusalem
# External links.
- http://www.cremines.ch | 6,137,011 |
2569096 | Anisian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anisian | Anisian
Anisian
In the geologic timescale, the Anisian is the lower stage or earliest age of the Middle Triassic series or epoch and lasted from million years ago until million years ago. The Anisian age succeeds the Olenekian age (part of the Lower Triassic epoch) and precedes the Ladinian age.
# Stratigraphic definitions.
The stage and its name were established by Austrian geologists Wilhelm Heinrich Waagen and Carl Diener in 1895. The name comes from "Anisus", the Latin name of the river Enns. The original type locality is at Großreifling in the Austrian state of Styria.
The base of the Anisian stage (also the base of the Middle Triassic series) is sometimes laid at the first appearance of conodont | 6,137,012 |
2569096 | Anisian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anisian | Anisian
species "Chiosella timorensis" in the stratigraphic record. Other stratigraphers prefer to use the base of magnetic chronozone MT1n. The global reference profile for the base (the GSSP or golden spike) is at a flank of the mountain Deşli Caira in the Romanian Dobruja.
The top of the Anisian (the base of the Ladinian) is at the first appearance of ammonite species "Eoprotrachyceras curionii" and the ammonite family Trachyceratidae. The conodont species "Neogondolella praehungarica" appears at the same level.
Especially in Central Europe the Anisian stage is sometimes subdivided into four substages: Aegean, Bythinian, Pelsonian and Illyrian.
The Anisian contains six ammonite biozones:
- zone | 6,137,013 |
2569096 | Anisian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anisian | Anisian
of "Nevadites"
- zone of "Hungarites"
- zone of "Paraceratites"
- zone of "Balatonites balatonicus"
- zone of "Kocaelia"
- zone of "Acrochordiceras"
# Palaeontology.
Examples of vertebrates from this age are:
- Ichthyosaurs
- Prestosuchids
## †Ceratitida.
"Ananorites"
"Arthaberites"
"Beyrichites"
"Bosnites"
"Buddhaites"
"Bukowskiites"
"Caucasites"
"Danubites"
"Gangadharites"
"Japonites"
"Laboceras"
"Longobarditoides"
"Mesocladiscites"
"Noetlingites"
"Parapinacoceras"
"Parasageceras"
"Phyllocladiscites"
"Proavites"
"Pseudodanubites"
"Psilocladiscites"
"Salterites"
"Tropigymnites"
"Xiphogymnites"
"Pararcestes"
"Sageceras"
### Lower.
"Alloptychites"
"Anagymnites"
"Grambergia"
"Groenlandites"
"Gymnites"
"Lenotropites"
"Pearylandites"
"Silberlingites"
"Isculites"
"Stenopopanoceras"
### | 6,137,014 |
2569096 | Anisian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anisian | Anisian
Middle.
"Acrochordiceras"
"Alanites"
"Anagymnotoceras"
"Arctohungarites"
"Balatonites"
"Bulogites"
"Cuccoceras"
"Czekanowskites"
"Epacrochordiceras"
"Hollandites"
"Huishuites"
"Inaigymnites"
"Ismidites"
"Kiparisovia"
"Malletophychites"
"Nicomedites"
"Phillipites"
"Platycuccoceras"
"Pronoetlingites"
"Reiflingites"
"Discoptychites"
"Intornites"
"Nevadisculites"
"Paraceratites"
"Parapopanoceras"
"Proarcestes"
"Longobardites"
"Ptychites"
### Upper.
"Amphipopanoceras"
"Aplococeras"
"Arctogymnites"
"Eudiscoceras"
"Eutomoceras"
"Gymnotoceras"
"Halilucites"
"Judicarites"
"Kellnerites"
"Metadinarites"
"Nevadites"
"Parakellnerites"
"Proteusites"
"Repossia"
"Semiornites"
"Serpianites"
"Stoppaniceras"
"Ticinites"
"Tozerites"
"Tropigastrites"
"Joannites"
"Epigymnites"
"Ceratites"
"Flexoptychites"
"Frechites"
"Norites"
"Gevanites"
"Hungarites"
## | 6,137,015 |
2569096 | Anisian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anisian | Anisian
†Phylloceratida.
"Spinoleiophyllites"
"Ussurites"
"Monophyllites"
## Nautilida.
"Trachynautilus"
"Thuringionautilus"
"Styrionautilus"
### Lower.
"Indonautilus"
"Sibyllonautilus"
### Middle.
"Paranautilus"
### Upper.
"Holconautilus"
"Proclydonautilus"
## †Aulacocerida.
"Crassiatractites"
"Breviatractites"
### Lower.
"Mojsisovicsteuthis"
## Pterioida.
Ramonalinidae
# References.
## Literature.
- 2005: "The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Ladinian Stage (Middle Triassic) at Bagolino (Southern Alps, Northern Italy) and its implications for the Triassic time scale", Episodes 28(4), pp. 233–244.
- 2007: "The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and | 6,137,016 |
2569096 | Anisian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anisian | Anisian
tratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Ladinian Stage (Middle Triassic) at Bagolino (Southern Alps, Northern Italy) and its implications for the Triassic time scale", Episodes 28(4), pp. 233–244.
- 2007: "The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Anisian Stage: Deşli Caira Hill, North Dobrogea, Romania", Albertiana 36, pp. 54–71.
- 2004: "A Geologic Time Scale 2004", Cambridge University Press.
# External links.
- GeoWhen Database - Anisian
- Lower Triassic timescale at the website of the subcommission for stratigraphic information of the ICS
- Lower Triassic timescale at the website of Norges Network of offshore records of geology and stratigraphy. | 6,137,017 |
2569159 | Minahasa Peninsula | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minahasa%20Peninsula | Minahasa Peninsula
Minahasa Peninsula
The Minahasa Peninsula is one of the four principal peninsulas on the island of Sulawesi that stretches north from the central part of the island, before turning to the east and forming the northern boundary of the Gulf of Tomini and the southern boundary of the Celebes Sea. The provinces of North Sulawesi and Gorontalo are on the peninsula, as is part of Central Sulawesi. | 6,137,018 |
2569148 | Henrique da Rocha Lima | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henrique%20da%20Rocha%20Lima | Henrique da Rocha Lima
Henrique da Rocha Lima
Henrique da Rocha Lima (24 November 1879 – 12 April 1956) was a Brazilian physician, pathologist and infectologist born in Rio de Janeiro. With his friend, Stanislaus von Prowazek, he described what would later be known as "Rickettsia prowazekii", the pathogen of epidemic typhus. Rocha Lima named the organism after Prowazek and American bacteriologist Howard Taylor Ricketts (1871-1910).
Henrique da Rocha Lima received his M.D. degree from the Medical School of Rio de Janeiro in 1905. He was one of the founders of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute, where he worked as a professor of pathology with other famous Brazilian researchers, such as Oswaldo Cruz himself, Adolfo Lutz and | 6,137,019 |
2569148 | Henrique da Rocha Lima | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henrique%20da%20Rocha%20Lima | Henrique da Rocha Lima
Carlos Chagas (the discoverer of Chagas disease) in the areas of microbiology, immunology and infectious diseases. Rocha Lima developed an international career in medical research, working with pathologist Hermann Dürck (1869-1941) at the University of Munich, and from 1909, as director of the department of pathology at the Institute for Maritime and Tropical Diseases in Hamburg.
In Brazil, he was a scientific and educational leader, as he participated in the foundation of the Paulista School of Medicine, and of the University of São Paulo. Rocha Lima was also a president of the Brazilian Society for the Advancement of Science. He received several awards and distinctions, such as the Iron Cross | 6,137,020 |
2569148 | Henrique da Rocha Lima | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henrique%20da%20Rocha%20Lima | Henrique da Rocha Lima
of the German Empire, the Benemerence Medal by Pope Pius XI, the Nocht Medal for distinguished researchers on Tropical Diseases, and the effective membership of the German Academy of Natural Sciences. His name has been given to the Student Union ("Centro Acadêmico") at the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
In 2007, a new strain of Gram-negative bacteria was named after Rocha Lima, "Bartonella rochalimae".
# Partial list of writings.
- "Zur Aetiologie des Fleckfiebers". Berliner klinische Wochenschrift, 1916, 53: 567-569.
- "Rickettsien". Handbuch der pathologischen Mikroorganismen. 3, Abteilung, Band 8, 2. Jena, Berlin and Vienna, 1930.
- "Rickettsia prowazeki- | 6,137,021 |
2569148 | Henrique da Rocha Lima | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henrique%20da%20Rocha%20Lima | Henrique da Rocha Lima
rganismen. 3, Abteilung, Band 8, 2. Jena, Berlin and Vienna, 1930.
- "Rickettsia prowazeki- sua descoberta e caracterização constituindo um novo grupo de microrganismos". Revista Brasileira de Medicina, 1951, 8 (5): 311-320.
# Bibliography.
- Falcão, E.C. A Vida Científica de Henrique da Rocha Lima. "Rev Bras Malariol Doencas Trop." 1967 Apr-Jun;19(2):353-8. (Article in Portuguese)
- Falcão, E.C. Henrique Rocha Lima e a Descoberta da Rickettsia prowazekii. "Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo." 1966 Mar-Apr;8(2):55-9. (Article in Portuguese)
# References and external links.
- Henrique da Rocha Lima. Um processo do conhecimento contemporâneo - I. Instituto Biológico de São Paulo (In Portuguese) | 6,137,022 |
2569156 | Staphylococcus warneri | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Staphylococcus%20warneri | Staphylococcus warneri
Staphylococcus warneri
Staphylococcus warneri is a member of the bacterial genus "Staphylococcus", consisting of Gram-positive bacteria with spherical cells appearing in clusters. It is catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, and coagulase-negative, and is a common commensal organism found as part of the skin flora on humans and animals. Like other coagulase-negative staphylococci, "S. warneri" rarely causes disease, but may occasionally cause infection in patients whose immune system is compromised.
# Identification.
Colonies of "S. warneri" on trypticase soy agar are usually beige, tan, or yellow, sometimes with an orange rim and about 2–4 mm in diameter after 48 hours' incubation at 35 °C. | 6,137,023 |
2569156 | Staphylococcus warneri | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Staphylococcus%20warneri | Staphylococcus warneri
n orange rim and about 2–4 mm in diameter after 48 hours' incubation at 35 °C. Optimal growth temperature is 30-40 °C.
# Clinical importance.
"S. warneri" has been suggested as a cause of spontaneous abortion in cattle and humans. It has been associated with vertebral discitis, urinary tract infection, meningitis, orthopedic infections, ventricular shunt infections, and endocarditis.
It has been suggested as the cause of a case of meningoencephalitis in a dog.
Some past reports of serious infection with "S. warneri" may in fact represent misidentification of "S. lugdunensis".
# External links.
- Type strain of "Staphylococcus warneri" at Bac"Dive" - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase | 6,137,024 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
Seehof, Switzerland
Seehof (Elay in French) is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is one of two municipalities with German as its official language in the otherwise French-speaking Bernese Jura ("Jura Bernois"). The other is Schelten.
# History.
Seehof is first mentioned in 1540 as "Seehoft". In 1673 it was mentioned as "Eslay". Until 1914 the official name was the French name "Elay". By 1880 almost the entire population (97%) of the village was German speaking.
For most of its history, the village was part of the lands of the provost of Moutier-Grandval under the Prince-Bishop of Basel. During the Protestant Reformation in | 6,137,025 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
1528, Seehof/Elay was part of the Sous-les-Roches region that remained by the old faith. After the 1797 French victory and the Treaty of Campo Formio, Seehof became part of the French Département of Mont-Terrible. Three years later, in 1800 it became part of the Département of Haut-Rhin. After Napoleon's defeat and the Congress of Vienna, Seehof was assigned to the Canton of Bern in 1815.
Today it is part of the Catholic parish of Vermes. The Swiss Reformed residents are part of the German speaking parish of Moutier or the parish of Grandval.
A village school is first mentioned in 1784. In 1969, the current school building was built.
# Geography.
Seehof has an area of . As of 2012, a total | 6,137,026 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
of or 33.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 63.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 2.3% is settled (buildings or roads), or 0.6% is either rivers or lakes.
During the same year, housing and buildings made up 1.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.8%. Out of the forested land, 59.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 4.0% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 1.2% is used for growing crops and 18.7% is pastures and 13.2% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located in the Seehof valley. It consists of the village of Seehof and the hamlets of Bächlen, | 6,137,027 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
Karlisberg and Stägen.
On 31 December 2009 District de Moutier, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Arrondissement administratif Jura bernois.
# Coat of arms.
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is "Argent a Cow Gules statant on a Mount of 3 Coupeaux Vert."
# Demographics.
Seehof has a population () of . , 2.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2001-2011) the population has changed at a rate of 1.4%. Migration accounted for 0%, while births and deaths accounted for 1.4%.
Most of the population () speaks German (72 or 91.1%) as their first language with the rest | 6,137,028 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
speaking French.
, the population was 56.5% male and 43.5% female. The population was made up of 39 Swiss men (56.5% of the population) and (0.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 28 Swiss women (40.6%) and 2 (2.9%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 35 or about 44.3% were born in Seehof and lived there in 2000. There were 11 or 13.9% who were born in the same canton, while 23 or 29.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 6 or 7.6% were born outside of Switzerland.
, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 27.1% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 54.3% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 18.6%.
, there were 42 people who were single | 6,137,029 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
and never married in the municipality. There were 32 married individuals, 4 widows or widowers and 1 individual who was divorced.
, there were 3 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people. , a total of 21 apartments (87.5% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 3 apartments (12.5%) were seasonally occupied. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 3.7%. In 2011, single family homes made up 29.2% of the total housing in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
# Politics.
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 50% of the vote. The next three | 6,137,030 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
most popular parties were the Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland (EDU) (20.6%), the Green Party (15.2%) and the Conservative Democratic Party (BDP) (11.4%). In the federal election, a total of 25 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 41.0%.
# Economy.
, Seehof had an unemployment rate of 0%. , there were a total of 33 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 33 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 14 businesses involved in this sector. No one was employed in the secondary sector or the tertiary sector. There were 34 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 29.4% of the workforce.
, there were | 6,137,031 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
5 workers who commuted into the municipality and 10 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.0 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 24 workers (82.8% of the 29 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Seehof.
Of the working population, 14.7% used public transportation to get to work, and 17.6% used a private car.
In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Seehof making 150,000 CHF was 12.7%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 18.7%. For comparison, the rate for the entire canton in the same year, was 14.2% and 22.0%, while the nationwide rate | 6,137,032 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively. In 2009 there were a total of 25 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 2 made over 75,000 CHF per year. The greatest number of workers, 6, made between 20,000 and 30,000 CHF per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Seehof was 89,400 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF. In 2011 a total of 2.9% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.
# Religion.
From the , 48 or 60.8% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, while 5 or 6.3% were Roman Catholic. Of the rest of the population, there were 12 individuals (or about 15.19% of the population) who belonged to another Christian | 6,137,033 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
church. 11 (or about 13.92% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 3.80% of the population) did not answer the question.
# Education.
In Seehof about 55.6% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 2.8% have completed additional higher education (either university or a "Fachhochschule"). Of the 2 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 50.0% were Swiss men, 50.0% were Swiss women.
The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school | 6,137,034 |
2569140 | Seehof, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seehof,%20Switzerland | Seehof, Switzerland
s is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.
During the 2011-12 school year, there were a total of 7 students attending classes in Seehof. Of these, 4 attended a primary school that was shared with a neighboring municipality while 3 attended a lower secondary class in the municipality.
, there were a total of 13 students attending any school in the municipality. Of those, 13 both lived and attended school in the municipality, while 2 students from Seehof attended schools outside the municipality. | 6,137,035 |
2569141 | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anton%20Maria%20Schyrleus%20of%20Rheita | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
Anton (or Antonius) Maria Schyrleus (also Schyrl, Schyrle) of Rheita (1604–1660) ( Antonín Maria Šírek z Reity) was an astronomer and optician. He developed several inverting and erecting eyepieces, and was the maker of Kepler’s telescope. "Things appear more alive with the binocular telescope," he wrote, "doubly as exact so to speak, as well as large and bright." His binocular telescope is the precursor to our binoculars.
# Biography.
Two different stories exist about Rheita's early life. The most popular account holds that he is of Czech origin, born in 1597. According to this story he was a priest and a member of the order of Capuchin friars at Rheita, Bohemia, | 6,137,036 |
2569141 | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anton%20Maria%20Schyrleus%20of%20Rheita | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
hence his name. At the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War in 1618, he left the order and established himself in Belgium.
The other, more probable account, starts in 1604, when Schyrleus is born in Reutte, Austria. After joining the Augustine order in 1622, he is sent to the university at Ingolstadt, where he probably follows courses in astronomy and learns how to grind lenses. Following his graduation he does not return to his convent but enters the Capuchin order, which sends him to Linz in 1636 where he is to teach philosophy. Here, he comes in the service of Kurfürst Philipp Christoph von Sötern, the archbishop of Trier and Speyer, who is held captive by the emperor, Ferdinand III. The archbishop | 6,137,037 |
2569141 | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anton%20Maria%20Schyrleus%20of%20Rheita | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
sends him on a mission to negotiate with Pope Urban VIII. The emperor however, seeing this diplomatic activity as a form of spying, bans Schyrleus from his lands in 1641. From here on, both accounts of Schyrleus' life come together.
In the 1640s he was a professor of philosophy at Trier. In 1642, he was in Cologne conducting astronomical observations and optical measurements, and in 1643 his work "Novem stellae circa Jovem visae, circa Saturnum sex, circa Martem nonnullae" ("Nine stars seen around Jupiter, six around Saturn, several around Mars") appeared. In 1645, he published "Oculus Enoch et Eliae, siue, Radius sidereomysticus", a very influential work on optics and astronomy.
# Optics.
In | 6,137,038 |
2569141 | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anton%20Maria%20Schyrleus%20of%20Rheita | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
"Oculus Enoch et Eliae", besides describing one of his inventions, an eyepiece for a Keplerian telescope, which left the image reverted, it also contained a long section on binocular telescopes, which greatly influenced other telescope-makers and opticians in the next century. His section on binocular telescopes is not illustrated, but the methods he describes became the standard construction techniques for many years.
Another engraving in this book may show a lens grinding machine.
# Astronomical observations.
Schyrleus was a determined anticopernican. In the foreword of its book, which includes a dedication to Jesus Christ and Ferdinand III, Schyrleus boldly declared that after having meditated | 6,137,039 |
2569141 | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anton%20Maria%20Schyrleus%20of%20Rheita | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
for a long time on the systems of Ptolemy, Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, and other astronomers, he was convinced that all of these scientists had advanced superfluous theories. He dedicated the moons of Jupiter to Pope Urban VIII, calling them "Astres Urbanoctavianes". He also wrote that Saturn had two "companions," and that they were periodically eclipsed by the planet. He deduced that they had their own independent orbits, and that they illuminated Saturn, which needed light as it was a hundred times less lit by the sun than the Earth. He tells us that in 1642, in Cologne, he saw pass in front of the Sun a troop ("turnam") of shooting stars that followed one another during a period fourteen days, | 6,137,040 |
2569141 | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anton%20Maria%20Schyrleus%20of%20Rheita | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
and that the glare of the Sun was considerably weakened by it.
In regard to extraterrestrial life, Schyrleus wrote, "If Jupiter has…inhabitants…they must be larger and more beautiful than the inhabitants of the Earth, in proportion to the [size] of the two spheres." However, he did not dare to confirm the existence of Jovian beings due to certain theological difficulties; Schyrleus wondered, for example, if beings on other planets maintained their primitive state of innocence, or if they are cursed by original sin like humans are.
# The Moon.
Schyrleus also included a map of the Moon in "Oculus Enoch et Eliae". It was the first depiction of the Moon as seen in an inverting telescope (and | 6,137,041 |
2569141 | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anton%20Maria%20Schyrleus%20of%20Rheita | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
thus the Moon itself is inverted in the illustration, with the South Pole at the top). The crater Tycho, for example, was depicted on lunar maps as early as 1645, when Schyrleus depicted the bright ray system. His map, however, did not come into standard use, as it was superseded by those made by Hevelius and the Jesuits Giovanni Battista Riccioli and Francesco Maria Grimaldi (1650–1651). In 1647, Schyrleus published a lunar chart with a diameter of 19 cm.
He may have spent some time in Italy, but it is certain that he died at Ravenna. It is unknown why he was there at the time.
# Legacy.
He is credited with bringing into the scientific lexicon the terms "ocular" and "objective" (as used | 6,137,042 |
2569141 | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anton%20Maria%20Schyrleus%20of%20Rheita | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
in optics). The lunar crater Rheita is named after him. By extension, the lunar valley Vallis Rheita, where the crater stands at the valley’s northwestern end, is also named after Schyrleus.
# See also.
- List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics
# References.
- Thewes, Alfons (1983). "Oculus Enoch... eine Beitrage zur Entdeckungsgeschichte des Fernrohrs". Oldenburg: Isensee. .
# External links.
- The First 300 Years of Binocular Telescopes, Peter Abrahams, May 2002.
"(Extensive info and primary texts)"
- Jean-Sylvain Bailly. "Histoire de l'astronomie moderne...", vol. 2, 1779, p. 147
- Imago Mundi: Schyrle de Rheita
- Franco Gabici, Riscoperta la figura del capuccino Rheita, geniale | 6,137,043 |
2569141 | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anton%20Maria%20Schyrleus%20of%20Rheita | Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
after Schyrleus.
# See also.
- List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics
# References.
- Thewes, Alfons (1983). "Oculus Enoch... eine Beitrage zur Entdeckungsgeschichte des Fernrohrs". Oldenburg: Isensee. .
# External links.
- The First 300 Years of Binocular Telescopes, Peter Abrahams, May 2002.
"(Extensive info and primary texts)"
- Jean-Sylvain Bailly. "Histoire de l'astronomie moderne...", vol. 2, 1779, p. 147
- Imago Mundi: Schyrle de Rheita
- Franco Gabici, Riscoperta la figura del capuccino Rheita, geniale astronomo e inventore
- Richard S. Westfall, "The Galileo Project", Rheita, Anton Maria Schyrlaeus
- Richard Lipp, "Anton Maria Schyrle - Priester - Astronom - Diplomat" | 6,137,044 |
2569165 | East Peninsula, Sulawesi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=East%20Peninsula,%20Sulawesi | East Peninsula, Sulawesi
East Peninsula, Sulawesi
The East Peninsula is one of the four principal peninsulas on the island of Sulawesi. It is part of the province of Central Sulawesi.
It stretches east from the central part of the island, forming the southern boundary of the Gulf of Tomini. | 6,137,045 |
2569162 | Anaconda, New Mexico | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anaconda,%20New%20Mexico | Anaconda, New Mexico
Anaconda, New Mexico
Anaconda was a small mining community in Cibola County, New Mexico. The town came into existence in the early 1950s when the Anaconda Copper Company of Butte, Montana opened up a uranium ore processing plant northwest of Grants ,along Route 66, to process ore from the Jackpile Mine (or Jackpile-Paguate Mine ), then the world's largest open-pit uranium mine. Anaconda was the site of somewhere around 100 homes for the supervisors and management of the company. The Mill was also located on the same property. Contrary to reports, none of the homes were built using "radioactive" material from the plant.Referred to by the residents as "Camp", a carryover from the original tents | 6,137,046 |
2569162 | Anaconda, New Mexico | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anaconda,%20New%20Mexico | Anaconda, New Mexico
used as temporary housing during the initial establishment of the operations. The housing was built in three phases. The first group of about 35 houses was constructed of cinderblock walls and had exposed beam ceilings. A building with four efficiency type apartments was included and used to house unmarried employees and was known as the Bachelors Quarters, or simply "The BQ". The two subsequent groups of approximately the same number were wood frame construction with stucco exteriors. The groups came to be called by the order of their building. Old Camp, Middle Camp and New Camp The Mill closed in early 1980s and the houses were sold and removed and the land reclaimed during the next 20 years. | 6,137,047 |
2569162 | Anaconda, New Mexico | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anaconda,%20New%20Mexico | Anaconda, New Mexico
Testimony given before the New Mexico Legislature's Economic and Rural Development Committee in 2008 claimed that the mill had polluted local aquifers. Presently there is little to show that the area was once a community.
During the time that Old Camp was built the Company also a clinic building that served the employees and was staffed at least part-time by a Doctor, Doctor Wong. This building was later converted to general use and contained various departments including the Geology department during later years. A Quonset hut was added that served a number of purposes. The floor was finished hardwood and used for basketball and volleyball. A large kitchen in the back was used when the floor | 6,137,048 |
2569162 | Anaconda, New Mexico | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anaconda,%20New%20Mexico | Anaconda, New Mexico
was turned into a meeting hall. Company and employee events here held here including a number of New Year's Eve celebrations.
Two additional buildings were added next to the Quonset Hut that housed a 20yd swimming pool and a four lane bowling alley. The swimming pool building was insulated with blown styrofoam on the inside. In the mid 1970s the pool building was replaced. Two outdoor tennis courts were added in the late 1950s. A golf course was added when the latter housing additions were built. There was no grass the course was periodically mainted with a grader to keep the "rough" from reclaiming the fairways. The greens were piles of oiled sand leved on top and approximately 15 feet across. | 6,137,049 |
2569162 | Anaconda, New Mexico | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anaconda,%20New%20Mexico | Anaconda, New Mexico
A "rake" was used to smooth the green for putting.
Beyond a pre-school held in the Quonset Hut, there were no schools. Students attended Elementary School in Bluewater Village several miles away. Junior High and High School students were bused to Grants. No store or Post Office was ever established on Company Property.
# Jackpile-Paguate mine.
The Jackpile uranium mine opened in 1953 and operated until 1982. The Jackpile was one of the largest uranium mines ever developed and mined in the United States, and by far the largest mine in the Laguna uranium district. The ores of the Laguna district contain uranium, vanadium, and many other elements. Only rarely do the ores contain more than 1% | 6,137,050 |
2569162 | Anaconda, New Mexico | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anaconda,%20New%20Mexico | Anaconda, New Mexico
trict. The ores of the Laguna district contain uranium, vanadium, and many other elements. Only rarely do the ores contain more than 1% uranium or vanadium; most of the ores ·average about 0.2% uranium and less vanadium. The first 3 million tons of ore shipped from the mine averaged 0.23
percent UO and 0.13 percent VO (1958 data). The ore bodies are typical "roll-front" deposits, localized in old stream channels. Carboniferous material within the ore zones is often high-grade.
# See also.
- Uranium mining in New Mexico
# External links.
- Anaconda Bluewater Mill, Cibola County, NM
- Jackpile mine at Mindat.org
- Jackpile Mine Spur
- EPA presentation on Jackpile-Paguate Superfund site | 6,137,051 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
Eschert
Eschert is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located in the French-speaking Bernese Jura ("Jura Bernois").
# History.
Eschert is first mentioned in 1179 as "Escert".
For much of its history, the village was owned by Moutier-Grandval Abbey. In 1531 the parish church of Grandval along with the entire parish, including Eschert, converted to the new faith of the Protestant Reformation. In 1733 a fire destroyed most the buildings in the village. After the 1797 French victory and the Treaty of Campo Formio, Eschert became part of the French Département of Mont-Terrible. Three years later in 1800, it became part of the | 6,137,052 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
Département of Haut-Rhin. After Napoleon's defeat and the Congress of Vienna, Eschert was assigned to the Canton of Bern in 1815.
The municipality is not on any of the major roads or railroads in the Grand Val and so remained isolated, rural and generally agrarian into the 20th century. Today an increasing number of commuters live in Eschert and work in factories in the surrounding municipalities.
# Geography.
Eschert has an area of . As of 2012, a total of or 40.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 55.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 4.1% is settled (buildings or roads), or 0.3% is either rivers or lakes and or 0.2% is unproductive land.
During the same year, housing | 6,137,053 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
and buildings made up 2.6% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.5%. Out of the forested land, 49.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 6.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 8.8% is used for growing crops and 11.9% is pastures and 19.1% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
Eschert is a star shaped village on the southern side of the "Grand Val" (valley of Moutier). A portion of the village is along the Raus (Sous la Rive) on the border of Moutier.
On 31 December 2009 District de Moutier, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined | 6,137,054 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
the newly created Arrondissement administratif Jura bernois.
# Coat of arms.
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is "Argent seven Ears Gules in bend 2-3-2."
# Demographics.
Eschert has a population () of . , 16.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2001-2011) the population has changed at a rate of -1.6%. Migration accounted for 0.5%, while births and deaths accounted for -0.5%.
Most of the population () speaks French (298 or 83.7%) as their first language, German is the second most common (29 or 8.1%) and Italian is the third (10 or 2.8%).
, the population was 53.4% male and 46.6% female. The population was made up of 164 Swiss men (43.4% of | 6,137,055 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
the population) and 38 (10.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 151 Swiss women (39.9%) and 25 (6.6%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 99 or about 27.8% were born in Eschert and lived there in 2000. There were 127 or 35.7% who were born in the same canton, while 53 or 14.9% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 72 or 20.2% were born outside of Switzerland.
, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 23.1% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 58.3% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 18.5%.
, there were 126 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 202 married individuals, 17 widows or widowers and 11 individuals | 6,137,056 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
who are divorced.
, there were 34 households that consist of only one person and 18 households with five or more people. , a total of 136 apartments (86.1% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 11 apartments (7.0%) were seasonally occupied and 11 apartments (7.0%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 5.3 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 4.44%. In 2011, single family homes made up 61.5% of the total housing in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
# Politics.
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 44.8% of the vote. | 6,137,057 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
The next three most popular parties were the Social Democratic Party (SP) (16.8%), the FDP.The Liberals (8.7%) and another local party (7.4%). In the federal election, a total of 93 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 38.0%.
# Economy.
, Eschert had an unemployment rate of 1.68%. , there were a total of 125 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 16 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 7 businesses involved in this sector. 87 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 7 businesses in this sector. 22 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 5 businesses in this sector. There were 176 residents of the municipality who were | 6,137,058 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
employed in some capacity, of which females made up 36.9% of the workforce.
, there were 75 workers who commuted into the municipality and 108 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.4 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 68 workers (47.6% of the 143 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Eschert.
Of the working population, 15.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 59.7% used a private car.
In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Eschert making 150,000 CHF was 13.2%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 19.4%. For comparison, | 6,137,059 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
the rate for the entire canton in the same year, was 14.2% and 22.0%, while the nationwide rate was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively. In 2009 there were a total of 155 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 50 made over 75,000 CHF per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Eschert was 106,112 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF. In 2011 a total of 1.6% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.
# Religion.
From the , 173 or 48.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, while 118 or 33.1% were Roman Catholic. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 member of an Orthodox church, there were 2 individuals (or | 6,137,060 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
about 0.56% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 17 individuals (or about 4.78% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Islamic. There was 1 person who was Buddhist. 34 (or about 9.55% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 9 individuals (or about 2.53% of the population) did not answer the question.
# Education.
In Eschert about 53.1% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 10.8% have completed additional higher education (either university or a "Fachhochschule"). Of the 21 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed | 6,137,061 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
in the census, 61.9% were Swiss men, 33.3% were Swiss women.
The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.
During the 2011-12 school year, there were a total of 50 students attending classes in Eschert. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 14 students in the municipality. Of the kindergarten students, 7.1% have a different mother language than the classroom language. | 6,137,062 |
2569147 | Eschert | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eschert | Eschert
ding classes in Eschert. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 14 students in the municipality. Of the kindergarten students, 7.1% have a different mother language than the classroom language. The municipality had 2 primary classes and 36 students. Of the primary students, 11.1% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 2.8% have a different mother language than the classroom language.
, there were a total of 35 students attending any school in the municipality. Of those, 8 both lived and attended school in the municipality, while 27 students came from another municipality. During the same year, 41 residents attended schools outside the municipality. | 6,137,063 |
2569169 | Second War | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Second%20War | Second War
Second War
Second War may refer to:
- World War II (1939-1945)
# Other wars.
- Second Sacred War (449-448 BC)
- Second Samnite War (326-304 BC), part of the Samnite Wars
- Second Punic War (218-202 BC)
- Second Macedonian War (200-196 BC)
- Second Servile War (104-103 BC)
- Second Mithridatic War (83-82 BC)
- Second Crusade (1145-1148)
- Second Barons' War (1264–1267)
- Second War of Scottish Independence (1328-1357)
- Second Italian War (1499–1504)
- Second war of Kappel (1531)
- Second Bishops' Wars (1640), part of the Bishops' Wars
- Second English Civil War (1648–1649)
- Second Anglo-Dutch War (1665-1667)
- Second Silesian War (1744), part of the War of the Austrian Succession
- | 6,137,064 |
2569169 | Second War | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Second%20War | Second War
Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780-1784)
- Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803 - 1805)
- Second War against Napoleon (1812-1814)
- Second Barbary War (1815)
- Second Seminole War (1835-1842)
- Second Carlist War (1846-1849)
- Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848-1849)
- Second Burmese War (1853)
- Second Opium War (1856-1860)
- Second Italian War of Independence (1859)
- Second War of Schleswig (1864)
- Second Taranaki War (1864-1866)
- Second Matabele War (1896-1897)
- Second Boer War (1899-1902)
- Second Balkan War (1913)
- Second Zhili-Fengtian War (1924)
- Second Italo-Abyssinian War (1935-1936)
- Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)
- Second Cod War (1972-1973)
- Second Gulf War, one of | 6,137,065 |
2569169 | Second War | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Second%20War | Second War
War (1899-1902)
- Second Balkan War (1913)
- Second Zhili-Fengtian War (1924)
- Second Italo-Abyssinian War (1935-1936)
- Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)
- Second Cod War (1972-1973)
- Second Gulf War, one of three wars in the last two decades of the twentieth century and in the first decade of the twenty-first century
- Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005)
- Second Congo War (1998-2004)
- Second Chechen War (1999-?)
- Second Liberian Civil War (1999-2003)
- Second Lebanon War (2006), the Israeli name for the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict
# Fictional.
- Second Bloody Valentine War
- Second Robotech War
- , a computer game
# See also.
- Second Civil War (disambiguation) | 6,137,066 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
Loveresse
Loveresse is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located in the French-speaking Bernese Jura ("Jura Bernois").
# History.
Loveresse is first mentioned in 1148 as "de Loveresce" though this document is probably a late 12th-century forgery. In 1225 it was mentioned as "Loverasse".
In the 12th century both Bellelay Abbey and the college of canons of Moutier-Grandval Abbey owned lands or rights in Loveresse. During the second half of the 13th century, Bellelay Abbey expanded their holdings in the village and became the main landowner there. In 1404 the Prince-Bishop of Basel granted extensive rights to Loveresse in a | 6,137,067 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
bid to attract settlers. The village church was part of the parish of Tavannes-Chaindon. When the parish converted to the new faith of the Protestant Reformation, Loveresse also converted. It remained part of the parish until 1928 when it joined the Reconvilier parish.
By the beginning of the Early Modern era, the village was owned by the provost of Moutier-Grandval. After the 1797 French victory and the Treaty of Campo Formio, Loveresse became part of the French Département of Mont-Terrible. Three years later, in 1800 it became part of the Département of Haut-Rhin. After Napoleon's defeat and the Congress of Vienna, Loveresse was assigned to the Canton of Bern in 1815.
In the late 19th century, | 6,137,068 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
several watch manufactures established shops in Loveresse. However, none of them survived the worldwide Great Depression. In 1906 the Canton of Bern purchased the hospice in the Vallée de Tavannes. It was converted into a girls' boarding school. In 1975 the building was converted into a clinic for the Bellelay region, and it was used in that capacity until 1987. After 1987 it was used as an agricultural training school, the "Centre de formation et de vulgarisation agricole du Bernese Jura".
# Geography.
Loveresse has an area of . As of 2012, a total of or 46.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 48.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 5.5% is settled (buildings or roads), or | 6,137,069 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
0.2% is either rivers or lakes and or 0.8% is unproductive land.
During the same year, housing and buildings made up 2.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.1%. Out of the forested land, 41.5% of the total land area is heavily forested and 6.6% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 13.6% is used for growing crops and 11.7% is pastures and 21.2% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located on the southern slope of Moron Hill in the "Vallée de Tavannes" (Tavannes Valley).
On 31 December 2009 District de Moutier, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following | 6,137,070 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Arrondissement administratif Jura bernois.
# Coat of arms.
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is "Gules on a Bar Argent a Rose of the first barbed and seeded proper."
# Demographics.
Loveresse has a population () of . , 6.3% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2001-2011) the population has changed at a rate of -0.3%. Migration accounted for -0.9%, while births and deaths accounted for 0%.
Most of the population () speaks French (287 or 86.2%) as their first language, German is the second most common (43 or 12.9%) and Italian is the third (1 or 0.3%).
, the population was 48.4% male and 51.6% female. | 6,137,071 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
The population was made up of 140 Swiss men (44.3% of the population) and 13 (4.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 156 Swiss women (49.4%) and 7 (2.2%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 95 or about 28.5% were born in Loveresse and lived there in 2000. There were 149 or 44.7% who were born in the same canton, while 57 or 17.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 24 or 7.2% were born outside of Switzerland.
, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 20.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 59.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 19.7%.
, there were 133 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 172 married | 6,137,072 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
individuals, 19 widows or widowers and 9 individuals who are divorced.
, there were 30 households that consist of only one person and 6 households with five or more people. , a total of 115 apartments (85.2% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 7 apartments (5.2%) were seasonally occupied and 13 apartments (9.6%) were empty. In 2011, single family homes made up 64.9% of the total housing in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
# Politics.
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 35% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Social Democratic Party (SP) (22.8%), the | 6,137,073 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland (EDU) (10.6%) and another local party (6.1%). In the federal election, a total of 113 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 45.7%.
# Economy.
, Loveresse had an unemployment rate of 0.83%. , there were a total of 160 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 23 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector. 51 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 3 businesses in this sector. 86 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 15 businesses in this sector. There were 163 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up | 6,137,074 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
44.2% of the workforce.
, there were 84 workers who commuted into the municipality and 112 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.3 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 51 workers (37.8% of the 135 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Loveresse. Of the working population, 5.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 68.7% used a private car.
In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Loveresse making 150,000 CHF was 13.2%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 19.4%. For comparison, the rate for the entire canton in the same year, was | 6,137,075 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
14.2% and 22.0%, while the nationwide rate was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively. In 2009 there were a total of 127 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 44 made over 75,000 CHF per year. There was one person who made between 15,000 and 20,000 per year. The greatest number of workers, 46, made between 50 and 75 thousand CHF per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Loveresse was 100,718 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF. In 2011 a total of 1.6% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.
# Religion.
From the , 170 or 51.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, while 57 or 17.1% were Roman Catholic. Of the | 6,137,076 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
rest of the population, there were 56 individuals (or about 16.82% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. 33 (or about 9.91% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 17 individuals (or about 5.11% of the population) did not answer the question.
# Education.
In Loveresse about 62.5% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13.6% have completed additional higher education (either university or a "Fachhochschule"). Of the 27 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 59.3% were Swiss men, 22.2% were Swiss women.
The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory | 6,137,077 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.
During the 2011-12 school year, there were a total of 21 students attending classes in Loveresse. There were no kindergarten classes and one primary class with 21 students. Of the primary students, 4.8% have a different mother language than the classroom language.
, there were a total of 36 students attending any school in the municipality. Of those, 35 both lived and attended school in the municipality, | 6,137,078 |
2569157 | Loveresse | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loveresse | Loveresse
dents are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.
During the 2011-12 school year, there were a total of 21 students attending classes in Loveresse. There were no kindergarten classes and one primary class with 21 students. Of the primary students, 4.8% have a different mother language than the classroom language.
, there were a total of 36 students attending any school in the municipality. Of those, 35 both lived and attended school in the municipality, while one student came from another municipality. During the same year, 19 residents attended schools outside the municipality. | 6,137,079 |
2569168 | Zaza (play) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zaza%20(play) | Zaza (play)
Zaza (play)
Zaza is a French-language play written by playwrights Pierre Berton and , and staged for the first time at the Théâtre du Vaudeville in Paris, in May 1898. The title character is a prostitute who becomes a music hall entertainer and the mistress of a married man.
The play is probably best known in the English-speaking world in the adaptation of the same title by David Belasco, which premiered at the Lafayette Square Opera House in Washington, D.C., in December 1898, and subsequently opened at the Garrick Theatre in New York City, in January 1899.
# Films.
- "" (France, 1913, dir. , with Maria Ventura
- "Zaza" (1915, dir. Edwin S. Porter and Hugh Ford), with Pauline Frederick
- | 6,137,080 |
2569168 | Zaza (play) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zaza%20(play) | Zaza (play)
usic hall entertainer and the mistress of a married man.
The play is probably best known in the English-speaking world in the adaptation of the same title by David Belasco, which premiered at the Lafayette Square Opera House in Washington, D.C., in December 1898, and subsequently opened at the Garrick Theatre in New York City, in January 1899.
# Films.
- "" (France, 1913, dir. , with Maria Ventura
- "Zaza" (1915, dir. Edwin S. Porter and Hugh Ford), with Pauline Frederick
- "Zaza" (1923, dir. Allan Dwan), with Gloria Swanson
- "Zaza" (1939, dir. George Cukor), with Claudette Colbert
- " (Italy, 1944, dir. Renato Castellani), with Isa Miranda
- " (France, 1956, dir. René Gaveau), with | 6,137,081 |
2569167 | The Blue Boy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Blue%20Boy | The Blue Boy
The Blue Boy
The Blue Boy (c. 1770) is a full-length portrait in oil by Thomas Gainsborough, now in the Huntington Library, San Marino, California.
# History.
Perhaps Gainsborough's most famous work, it is thought to be a portrait of Jonathan Buttall (1752–1805), the son of a wealthy hardware merchant, although this has never been proven. It is a historical costume study as well as a portrait: the youth in his seventeenth-century apparel is regarded as Gainsborough's homage to Anthony van Dyck, and in particular is very close to Van Dyck's portrait of Charles II as a boy.
Gainsborough had already drawn something on the canvas before beginning "The Blue Boy", which he painted over. The painting | 6,137,082 |
2569167 | The Blue Boy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Blue%20Boy | The Blue Boy
is about life-size, measuring wide by tall. Gainsborough painted the portrait in response to the advice of his rival Sir Joshua Reynolds, who had written:
It ought, in my opinion, to be indispensably observed, that the masses of light in a picture be always of a warm, mellow colour, yellow, red, or a yellowish white, and that the blue, the grey, or the green colours be kept almost entirely out of these masses, and be used only to support or set off these warm colours; and for this purpose, a small proportion of cold colour will be sufficient. Let this conduct be reversed; let the light be cold, and the surrounding colour warm, as we often see in the works of the Roman and Florentine painters, | 6,137,083 |
2569167 | The Blue Boy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Blue%20Boy | The Blue Boy
and it will be out of the power of art, even in the hands of Rubens and Titian, to make a picture splendid and harmonious.
The painting was in Jonathan Buttall's possession until he filed for bankruptcy in 1796. It was bought first by the politician John Nesbitt and then, in 1802, by the portrait painter John Hoppner. In about 1809, "The Blue Boy" entered the collection of the Earl Grosvenor and remained with his descendants until its sale by the second Duke of Westminster to the dealer Joseph Duveen in 1921. By then it had become a great popular favourite in print reproductions, after being exhibited to the public in various exhibitions at the British Institution, Royal Academy and elsewhere.
In | 6,137,084 |
2569167 | The Blue Boy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Blue%20Boy | The Blue Boy
1919, the painting inspired German film producer Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau to create his debut film ("The Boy in Blue").
In a move that caused a public outcry in Britain, it was then sold to the American railway pioneer Henry Edwards Huntington for $728,800 (£182,200), according to Duveen's bill, a then-record price for any painting. (According to a mention in "The New York Times", dated 11 November 1921, the purchase price was $640,000, which would be over $8.5 million in 2014.) Before its departure to California in 1922, "The Blue Boy" was briefly put on display at the National Gallery where it was seen by 90,000 people; the Gallery's director Charles Holmes was moved to scrawl farewell words | 6,137,085 |
2569167 | The Blue Boy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Blue%20Boy | The Blue Boy
on the back of the painting: "Au Revoir, C.H.".
It was this painting that moved pop artist Robert Rauschenberg toward painting. It is often paired with a painting by Thomas Lawrence called "Pinkie" which sits opposite to it at the Huntington Library.
# References.
## Bibliography.
- Conisbee, Philip. "The Ones That Got Away", essay from "Saved! 100 Years of the National Art Collection Fund" (2003, ed. Richard Verdi). London: Scala
- Conlin, Jonathan (2006). "The Nation's Mantelpiece: A history of the National Gallery". London: Pallas Athene
- Thicknesse, Philip, "Life of Sir Thomas Gainsborough" (1790)
- Tyler, David. "Jonathan Buttall" in the "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography" | 6,137,086 |
2569167 | The Blue Boy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Blue%20Boy | The Blue Boy
C.H.".
It was this painting that moved pop artist Robert Rauschenberg toward painting. It is often paired with a painting by Thomas Lawrence called "Pinkie" which sits opposite to it at the Huntington Library.
# References.
## Bibliography.
- Conisbee, Philip. "The Ones That Got Away", essay from "Saved! 100 Years of the National Art Collection Fund" (2003, ed. Richard Verdi). London: Scala
- Conlin, Jonathan (2006). "The Nation's Mantelpiece: A history of the National Gallery". London: Pallas Athene
- Thicknesse, Philip, "Life of Sir Thomas Gainsborough" (1790)
- Tyler, David. "Jonathan Buttall" in the "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography" (2004). Oxford: Oxford University Press | 6,137,087 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
Grandval, Switzerland
Grandval is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located in the French-speaking Bernese Jura ("Jura Bernois"). Grandval also used to be known under its German name "Granfel" or "Granfelden", but these forms are no longer commonly used.
# History.
The oldest evidence of a settlement in the area is a reasonable well preserved section of a Roman road. Around 640 what became the Moutier-Grandval Abbey was established outside the village of Grandval. The town of Moutier then developed around the Abbey complex.
Grandval is first mentioned around 900 as "Grandemvallem".
The village chapel of St. Martin was first | 6,137,088 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
mentioned in 962. By the 14th century it had become the parish church for Grandval parish, which included most of the communities in the Grand Val/Moutier valley. In 1531 the village, its church and the parish converted to the new faith of the Protestant Reformation. Beginning in 1663 the church was almost constantly under construction for several centuries. Major reconstruction projects happened in 1701-06 and 1927.
For most of its history, the village of Grandval was owned by the Abbey. After the 1797 French victory and the Treaty of Campo Formio, Grandval became part of the French Département of Mont-Terrible. Three years later, in 1800 it became part of the Département of Haut-Rhin. After | 6,137,089 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
Napoleon's defeat and the Congress of Vienna, Grandval was assigned to the Canton of Bern in 1815.
Until about 1900, the local economy was still dominated by agriculture with a few cottage industries that manufactured pottery, watch parts and arquebuses. This began to change with the growth of the machinery manufacturing industry in nearby Moutier and the construction of the Solothurn-Moutier railroad in 1904-08. A number of industrial factories settled in Crémines and remained. Today over half of the working population is in the industrial sector.
# Geography.
Grandval has an area of . As of 2012, a total of or 44.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 50.4% is forested. Of the rest | 6,137,090 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
of the land, or 4.1% is settled (buildings or roads), or 0.2% is either rivers or lakes and or 0.5% is unproductive land.
During the same year, housing and buildings made up 2.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.3%. Out of the forested land, 44.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 6.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 9.6% is used for growing crops and 13.2% is pastures and 21.0% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located in the Grand Val (valley of Moutier), but some scattered houses are located on a part of Mont Raimeux.
On 31 December 2009 District de | 6,137,091 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
Moutier, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Arrondissement administratif Jura bernois.
# Coat of arms.
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is "Per fess Gules and Or a Letter G counterchanged."
# Demographics.
Grandval has a population () of . , 5.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2001-2011) the population has changed at a rate of -2.9%. Migration accounted for -2.9%, while births and deaths accounted for -0.3%.
Most of the population () speaks French (315 or 85.6%) as their first language, German is the second most common (44 or 12.0%) and Italian is the third | 6,137,092 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
(3 or 0.8%). There is 1 person who speaks Romansh.
, the population was 49.1% male and 50.9% female. The population was made up of 158 Swiss men (45.1% of the population) and 14 (4.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 172 Swiss women (49.1%) and 6 (1.7%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 104 or about 28.3% were born in Grandval and lived there in 2000. There were 141 or 38.3% who were born in the same canton, while 76 or 20.7% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 33 or 9.0% were born outside of Switzerland.
, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 17.9% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 63.2% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 18.8%.
, | 6,137,093 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
there were 158 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 166 married individuals, 31 widows or widowers and 13 individuals who are divorced.
, there were 42 households that consist of only one person and 11 households with five or more people. , a total of 136 apartments (84.0% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 20 apartments (12.3%) were seasonally occupied and 6 apartments (3.7%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 2.9 new units per 1000 residents. In 2011, single family homes made up 54.0% of the total housing in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
# Heritage sites of national significance.
The | 6,137,094 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
Maison De La Dîme and the Maison du Banneret Wisard are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance.
# Politics.
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 29.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were another local party (18.7%), the Social Democratic Party (SP) (14.9%) and the Green Party (9%). In the federal election, a total of 108 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 40.3%.
# Economy.
, Grandval had an unemployment rate of 2.23%. , there were a total of 92 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 22 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 10 businesses involved | 6,137,095 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
in this sector. 32 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 6 businesses in this sector. 38 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 8 businesses in this sector. There were 188 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 39.9% of the workforce.
, there were 27 workers who commuted into the municipality and 122 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 4.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 66 workers (71.0% of the 93 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Grandval. Of the working population, 13.8% used public transportation | 6,137,096 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
to get to work, and 50.5% used a private car.
In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Grandval making 150,000 CHF was 12.7%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 18.7%. For comparison, the rate for the entire canton in the same year, was 14.2% and 22.0%, while the nationwide rate was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively. In 2009 there were a total of 164 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 40 made over 75,000 CHF per year. There were 4 people who made between 15,000 and 20,000 per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Grandval was 98,070 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF. In 2011 a total | 6,137,097 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
of 0.6% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.
# Religion.
From the , 195 or 53.0% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, while 96 or 26.1% were Roman Catholic. Of the rest of the population, there were 28 individuals (or about 7.61% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 3 (or about 0.82% of the population) who were Islamic. 35 (or about 9.51% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 11 individuals (or about 2.99% of the population) did not answer the question.
# Education.
In Grandval about 51.1% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 8.1% have completed | 6,137,098 |
2569153 | Grandval, Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grandval,%20Switzerland | Grandval, Switzerland
additional higher education (either university or a "Fachhochschule"). Of the 16 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 62.5% were Swiss men, 31.3% were Swiss women.
The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.
During the 2011-12 school year, there were a total of 35 students attending classes in Grandval. There were no kindergarten classes | 6,137,099 |
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