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080f7cf9-de4a-4f98-8345-f226c397e3c1 | pipe of a 2-cell Cu PERLE-type cavity. The reference an-
tenna is on the opposite side of the cavity (not shown).
The RF transmission was measured from an input, or
reference, antenna at the beam pipe port to the HOM cou-
pler port. A penetration depth of 20 mm for the coupler | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA025.pdf | 1 |
918dfe86-0264-4d73-8cae-c81fae6de247 | antenna intothe cutofftube was usedforall threecouplers.
The designed couplers were equipped with a rotating flange
enablingtheinvestigationofdampingperformancefordif-
ferentorientationsofthecouplingantenna. Theprocedure
tomeasure 𝑄extforFMandHOMsinvolvesthefollowing
steps [10,11]: (i) Measuring the loaded quality fac... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA025.pdf | 2 |
0abb9579-dab3-4fc2-8c10-be20f4a4e7c1 | with measurements for the studied configurations.
(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure 5: Measured and simulated 𝑄extfor FM and trapped
high 𝑅/𝑄HOMs, using one Hook (a), Probe (b) or DQW
(c) coupler on a 2-cell 801.58 MHz Cu cavity.However, significant deviations were observed for certain
modes,particularlyforoneofthetwopolarizations... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA025.pdf | 2 |
8ffe2bd1-ac13-439d-9940-f30df8a8a9d5 | polarizations of dipole modes separately. (iii) Cavity imper-
fections and weak RF contact in the clamped assembly can
also be sources of error. In addition, in this configuration
with a single coupler, only one polarization is effectively
attenuated. To damp the other polarization, an additional
coupler could be insta... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA025.pdf | 2 |
07751799-28cb-4daa-95a0-5b8e10575ef3 | coupler surface. Our investigation suggests that the Probe
coupler can efficiently damp monopole modes, while the
Hook coupler shows promising results in damping dipole
modes. On the other hand, the DQW coupler is the most
effective solution for attenuating both monopole and dipole
HOMs.
CONCLUSION
In this paper, we co... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA025.pdf | 2 |
d7a85fc1-781e-44cf-9f19-912ed574f81b | modes. Future tests on the 5-cell copper cavity with various
couplerschemes(forinstance,4DQWcouplers)areplanned
toconfirmiftheirmeasureddampingperformancemeetsthe
BBUrequirements. FurtherRFheatingstudiesareneeded
to determine if active cooling is required for the Nb version
of the couplers that are intended to be insta... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA025.pdf | 2 |
75320aa9-6d59-4279-a041-356e8e1c81b5 | REFERENCES
[1]D.Angal-Kalinin et al.,"PERLE.Powerfulenergyrecovery
linacforexperiments.Conceptualdesignreport", Journal of
Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics , vol. 45, no. 6, p.
065003, 2018. doi:10.1088/1361-6471/aaa171 .
[2]W. Kaabi et al., “PERLE: A High Power Energy Recovery
Facility”, in Proc. IPAC’19 , Melb... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA025.pdf | 3 |
ed30708b-a342-460b-bbc2-48472c2b9bcf | Dynamics Workshop on Energy Recovery Linacs (ERL’22) ,
Ithaca, New York, USA, October 2022, unpublished.
[5] CST Studio Suite 2023, https://www.cst.com/ .
[6]3D Systems, Accura 25 Datasheet, 2020, Available online:
www.3dsystems.com/sites/default/files/2020-11/3d-systems-accura-25-datasheet-us-a4-2020-
09-23-a-print.pd... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA025.pdf | 3 |
f89c9fd5-b810-488c-b7de-d72f744c7ab4 | and technique used for the SRF cavities at JLab", USPAS
Education in Beam Physics and Accelerator Technology, SRF
PracticesandHands-onMeasurements,ThomasJeffersonLab,
USA (2015).
[11]K.Papke et al.,"Comparisonofcoaxialhigherordermode
couplers for the CERN Superconducting Proton Linac study",
Physical Review Accelerator... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA025.pdf | 3 |
fe531c7f-b4c4-420d-82f9-6dc1711f3907 | DYNAMIC APERTURE EVALUATION FOR THE EIC HADRON
STORAGE RING WITH TWO INTERACTION REGIONS*
Y. Luo†, X. Gu, J. S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, D. Marx,
B. Parker, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu, B. Xiao, D. Xu,
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
Y. Hao, Facility for Rar... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 0 |
20ca389b-4fcd-45f9-b8a3-4dddb092bc9e | energyrangeof20-140GeV.BesidestheEICbaselinede-
sign with one interaction region, it was recommended to
incorporateafuturesecondinteractionregion(IR).Inthis
article,weevaluatethedynamicapertureoftheHadronStor-
ageRing(HSR)design latticewithtwoIRs. Thenonlinear
magnetic field errors in the IRs are included and scanned.
... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 0 |
d6d14e44-3811-4e49-b20c-c3266bb27eb7 | large crossing angle 25 mrad, and a novel strong hadron
cooling in the Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) to counteract
intra-beamscattering(IBS)atcollisionenergy. Crabcavi-
ties are to be installed on both sides of the IP in each ring to
restore head-on collision conditions at the IP.
BesidestheEICbaselinedesignwithoneinteract... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 0 |
70b5431c-c60b-49fc-8945-787130842adf | (RHIC), we set the maximum design beam-beam param-
eters for the EIC: 0.1 for the electron beam and 0.015 for
*WorksupportedbyBrookhavenScienceAssociates,LLCunderContract
No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
†yluo@bnl.govthe proton beam. With 2 IRs, we require the total beam-
beam parameters not to exce... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 0 |
c9d0898f-97f5-47db-a89c-0fa9c460b94a | bunch only collide once per turn, either at IP6 or at IP8.
Inthisarticle,wefirstbrieflyreviewtheopticsofthetwo-
IRHSRlattice. Thenwecalculateitsdynamicaperturewith
random IR nonlinear magnetic field errors. We compare
the dynamic aperture with one collision at IP6 between the
two-IR lattice and a one-IR lattice. We als... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 0 |
f5dad793-ec10-430d-ba25-c52522ab5199 | forCollisionModeBetween275GeVProtonsand10GeV
Electrons
quantity unit proton electron
Beam energy GeV 275 10
Bunch intensity 10110.668 1.72
(𝛽*
𝑥, 𝛽*
𝑦)at IP cm (80, 7.2) (55, 5.6)
RMS Beam sizes at IP µm (95, 8.5)
Bunch length cm 6 0.7
Energy spread 10−46.8 5.8
Transverse tunes (0.228,0.210) (0.08,0.14)
Longitudina... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 0 |
46043c98-6604-40e0-ab98-d117ff5d7e90 | Figure1showsthetransverse 𝛽𝑥,𝑦functionsandhorizon-
taldispersion 𝐷𝑥intheIR8fromthetwo-IRHSRlattice. As
mentionedearlier,IR8accommodatesanadditionallow- 𝛽
regiontoenhancetheacceptanceofdownstreamhadrontag-
ging. The lowest 𝛽𝑥,𝑦in the extra low- 𝛽region are (0.57 m,
4.46 m). At the collision point IP8, the 𝛽*
... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 1 |
4f7b1953-94ce-4d26-b380-e5a0a69a7f62 | chromaticies are (750, -370) [3].
Figure 2: Off-momentum tunes with two sextupole families
for the two-IR HSR lattice.
Ideally,weneed90degreehorizontalphaseadvancebe-
tweentheIPandthecrabcavitiesonbothsides. However,
for the current 2 IR HSR lattice, those conditions are not
met. Thephaseadvancebetweenthecrabcavitieson... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 1 |
044ee6b5-485e-45dc-99bb-b4ee508c74f1 | aperture [4].
Figure 3: Crab dispersion with the two-IR HSR lattice only
with crab cavities in the IR8.
DYNAMIC APERTURE EVALUATION
Simulation Setup
Dynamicapertureiscalculatedwitha6-dsymplecticpar-
ticletrackingcodeSimTrack[5]. Foreachstudycondition,
test particles are launched in the first quadrant of the phase
space... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 1 |
86f0df46-7e26-4a2e-bc0d-b029d3e22760 | fromtheIPtoevaluatetheirimpactsonthedynamicaperture.
Magnet field errors are defined as
(𝐵𝑦𝐿) +𝑖(𝐵𝑥𝐿) =
𝐵(𝑅𝑟𝑒𝑓)𝐿[︁
10−4∑︀𝑁𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑛=0(𝑏𝑛+𝑖𝑎𝑛)(𝑥+𝑖𝑦)𝑛
𝑅𝑛
𝑟𝑒𝑓]︁
.(1)
Here 𝐿is the magnet length, 𝑅𝑟𝑒𝑓is the reference radius
where the magnetic field is measured, 𝐵(𝑅𝑟𝑒𝑓)is the main
field ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 1 |
122c9ec6-93d3-44f5-a768-e12b51421a63 | With Collision Only at IP6
First we calculate the dynamic aperture with collisions
only at IP6. Two lattices are used for comparison, the lat-
est two-IR HSR lattice and an one-IR HSR lattice. For a
fair comparison, we first only assign random magnetic field
errorsinIR6. Figure4showsthedynamicaperturesfrom
those two la... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 1 |
a21597ea-de39-49cb-ae4a-c3188867eb15 | with the one-IR lattice are larger than the two-IR lattice.
With 1 unit of 𝑏𝑛and𝑎𝑛, the dynamic aperture drops about
2𝜎with the two-IR lattice. The dynamic aperture drop can
be explained by the chromatic effects from the two low 𝛽
regions in the IR8.
Figure4: Dynamicaperturecomparisonwithonecollision
at IP6 with ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 2 |
0e3151ab-7b44-4e46-8511-dca83e788b9a | magnetic field errors in IR8.
Figure5: Dynamicaperturecomparisonwithonecollision
at IP6 with and without magnetic field errors in IR8.
With Collision at IP6 or IP8
Nextwecomparethedynamicapertureswithonecollision
at IP6 or at IP8 with the latest two-IR lattice. For this study,
IRmagneticfielderrorsareassignedinbothIR6a... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 2 |
b6252e8d-ce52-42e5-9061-292092da79cf | crossing angle is much larger in the IR8 than that in the
IR6 and there are two low 𝛽regions in the IR8. A largecrab dispersion reaching 70 mrad in the IR8 may be another
reason.
Figure6: Dynamicaperturecomparisonwithonecollision
at IP6 or IP8. IR field errors are assigned in both IRs.
With Nonlinear Chromatic Compens... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 2 |
1c399104-86a6-44a9-a66e-4710af9575e1 | namicapertureswith24sextupolefamiliesareevenlower
byabout0.8 𝜎. Furtherstudiesareinprogresstoimprove
both chromatic and geometric resonance compensations.
Figure 7: Dynamic aperture comparison with 2and 24 sex-
tupole families with one collision at IP6.
SUMMARY
BesidestheEICbaselinedesignwithoneinteractionre-
gion, th... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 2 |
8725581d-6dbd-4395-b058-6a2dce75c3da | a smaller dynamic aperture than collision at IP6. Further
studies areongoing to improve thetwo-IR HSR latticeand
the sextupole compensation scheme for both chromatic and
geometric resonance driving terms. | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 2 |
b122e674-3d2e-4c32-92d0-0794edee367d | REFERENCES
[1]J. Beebe-Wang et al., “Electron-Ion Collider: Conceptual De-
sign Report”, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Jefferson Lab,
2021. www.bnl.gov/EC/files/EIC_CDR_Final.pdf
[2]C.Montag et al.,“DesignStatusUpdateoftheElectron-Ion
Collider”,presentedatIPAC’23,Venice,Italy,May2023,paper
MOPA049, this conference
[3... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA031.pdf | 3 |
2b0af061-c8b9-4b1f-91c9-460808b9ab7e | VALIDATION AND COUNTERMEASURES OF VERTICAL EMITTANCE
GROWTH DUE TO CRAB CAVITY NOISE IN A HORIZONTAL
CRAB-CROSSING SCHEME∗
Yue Hao†,1, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Yun Luo, Derong Xu, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
Vasiliy Morozov, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
He... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 0 |
f6b75bb7-83ff-478b-bb0c-6f5e3b57e663 | lationsalsoshowedemittancegrowthintheverticalplane
withbeam-beaminteractionswhenthebeamprofileisflat
at IP. In this article, we will validate this observation and
propose countermeasures to this emittance growth.
INTRODUCTIONS
TheRFcrabcavitynoisehasbeenidentifiedasthesource
of the transverse emittance growth of the cr... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 0 |
b614f9c6-98d3-4e7c-9b9f-37470879492c | explained by the coherent tune shift due to the transverse
coupling impedance [3].
The EIC project in the US also adopted the crab cross-
ingschemetocompensatefortheluminositylossduetoa
25mrad crossing angle. Meanwhile, a flat beam at the inter-
action point (IP) is designed to achieve a high luminosity,
withavertical-... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 0 |
c97b0d99-0495-43c8-9ef6-6000521d47d2 | possible mitigation methods will also be discussed.
In this study, several assumptions have been made. First,
a linear transfer map, including transverse and longitudinal
∗WorkSupportedBYBrookhavenScienceAssociates,LLCundercontract
NO. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
†yhao@bnl.govTable 1: Crab Crossing... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 0 |
0d434d64-db20-448a-9c73-235dce3a6e08 | nonlinearityfrombeam-beaminteractionisincluded. Inthe
weak-strongbeam-beamsimulation,onlythedynamicsof
theionbeamissimulated. Theelectronbeamisthestrong
beam, represented by one longitudinal slice. Third, the 2nd
harmonic crab cavity planned for the proton/ion beam is
not included in the simulation. They are used to li... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 0 |
69f29da8-8c13-42a0-a9b5-0bcc3377d19c | affect the evaluation of the emittance growth. In order to
ensure that the vertical emittance growth is not a numerical
artifact,ascanofthenumberofmacroparticlesisperformed.
Theemittancegrowthratesofeithertransversedirections,
(1/𝜖𝑥,𝑦)𝑑𝜖𝑥/𝑦/𝑑𝑡, are retrieved from the second half of the
results from 40K turn tr... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 0 |
a6cde75d-a0db-429f-8d77-0de52479ba63 | Figure 1: Emittance growth rates of transverse directions as
functions of macro particles of the ion beam.
Figure 2: Emittance growth rates of transverse directions
as a function of the ion beam’s beam-beam parameter by
scaling the electron beam intensity.
does not dominate the prediction of the emittance growth in
thi... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 1 |
eef50058-b75b-4522-a849-2ceb6b647105 | ticalemittancegrowthasthegrowthrateisapproximately
a quadratic function of the beam-beam parameter of the
ion beam, which is controlled by the electron beam’s inten-
sity. Theemittancegrowthrateofthehorizontaldirection
is consistent with the theoretical prediction [1] with weak
beam-beaminteractionandstartsdecreasingsl... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 1 |
6289b238-e247-4fd1-ab3f-cd2ced3684b1 | bunch length and hourglass effect [5].
Abrief1-Dscanoftheworkingpointsinthevicinityof
thedesignedvaluesisshowninFig.3bykeepingoneofthe
tunesbeingthenominalvalue. Itisclearlyshownthatthe
optimizedtuneswithoutcrabcavitynoisealsoyieldthemost
optimumverticalgrowthrate. Movingawayfromtheopti-
mum one causes a significant in... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 1 |
8fb9611b-64ae-449c-bf83-100e2546dd14 | Figure 4: The horizontal and vertical emittance growth rate
as a function of the synchrotron tunes of ion beam.
Figure5: Thehorizontalandverticalemittancegrowthrates
as functions of the rms bunch length of the ion beam.
growth becomes much more severe when a higher tune is
chosen. This feature has been also found in th... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 2 |
94dea729-fa30-4408-8081-afa6731c99d5 | No further improvement in growth rate can be achieved if
the ion bunch length is further reduced. Figure 6 compares
the emittance growth as functions of the phase noise for
normalionbunchlength(solidlines)andinfiniteshortbunch
(dotted line). For horizontal emittance growth, the phase
noise dependence is not affected by... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 2 |
4e1a580f-33d0-4aac-b7ca-4557cafc8ebd | tancegrowthinthecrabbingplane[2]whichisthehorizontal
planeforthecurrentEICdesign. However,wehaveshown
that such a system or a similar system relying on detect-
ingverticaloffsetwillnotworkforcontrollingthevertical
emittance growth [4].
The study above confirmed that the vertical emittance
growth observed in the presenc... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 2 |
ffde6be0-a200-4172-bdac-de91dddcd1b3 | crabcavityphasenoiseusingtheweak-strongbeam-beam
simulation and simplified accelerator lattice. Simulations
indicate that thegrowthis due to the synchro-betatroncou-
plingresonance. Therefore,thefeedbacksystembasedon
detecting the beam centroid will not work in this case.
The mitigation method will have to work on the ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 2 |
f708d9ca-ba4b-466c-acf5-68f588213258 | [2]P.Baudrenghien,T.Mastoridis,andB.Miller,“CrabCavityRF
Noise Feedback and Transverse Damper Interaction”, CERN,
Tech. Rep. CERN-ACC-NOTE-2019-0006, 2019.
[3]N. Triantafyllou et al., “Suppression of Crab Cavity Noise
Induced Emittance Growth by Transverse Beam Coupling
Impedance”, in Proc. IPAC’22 , Bangkok, Thailand,... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA033.pdf | 3 |
8ecd14a6-b50f-443f-abce-4e5215aed2c3 | PROGRESS ON THE ELECTRON ION COLLIDER’S RCS RF RAMP
DEVELOPMENT
V. H. Ranjbar∗, B. Lepore, H. Lovelace III, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Xu, F. Meot,
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY
F. Lin1, ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge Tennessee
T. Satogata, JLab, Newport News, Virginia
Abstract
We report on progress developing the Energy and ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA035.pdf | 0 |
ef5cc78b-6bc5-415c-b512-f0d339330207 | posedfullenergypolarizedelectroninjectorfortheEIC’s
ElectronStorageRing(ESR).Itisdesignedtodelivertwo
28nC bunchesat 5 and 10 GeV andtwo 11nCbunches at 18
GeVeverysecond. Itisfedbyapolarized7nCsourceand
400MeVLINACwhichwillgeneratetwobunchesseparated
by about 2 microseconds every shot. For the 5 and 10 GeV
modesitwilld... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA035.pdf | 0 |
3845b461-2016-4ca1-8cdc-ddeac78c0160 | decided to move it to 1 GeV. This was to minimize the time
the beam spent at injection energies where it is thought that
the field quality of the magnets might be poorer. Simula-
tionsofthemergeat1GeVincludingwakefieldsgiveafinal
bunch with an RMS bunch length of 162 ps and dp/p of
1.9e-3. Thisbunchaspectratioalongwith... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA035.pdf | 0 |
ba95fc17-d120-4604-81b9-673d5a80b31c | 𝐸0+𝑏1𝑡3+𝑐1𝑡4𝑡 <𝑇 1
𝐸1+𝑚𝑡 𝑇 1≤𝑡≤𝑇2
𝐸3+𝑏2(𝑑𝑇3−𝑡)3+𝑐2(𝑑𝑇3−𝑡)4𝑇2<𝑡≤𝑇3
(1)
Herewedefine 𝑇1asthetimetoacceleratetothetopramp
rate,𝐸0the initial energy, 𝐸1the energy at the beginning
of the linear ramp, 𝐸3the top energy, 𝑚the linear ramp
rate,𝑇2the time to the end of the linear ramp and 𝑇3th... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA035.pdf | 0 |
a53b35d4-c6ae-41de-a3ba-f34d11c80b5f | celeratingwith suchalong bunchrequires somecareman-
aging the limited area of the RF bucket. In this article we
focus on the portion of the ramp after the merge from 1
GeV to 18 GeV, and using a linear ramp rate given by an
idealaccelerationfrom400MeVto18GeVin100msecsor
𝑚=0.176GeV/msec and 𝑇1=4000turns or 51.32 msecs... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA035.pdf | 0 |
64efda23-1f08-4b01-95b8-8720ed2afea7 | Out[]=
2000 4000 6000 8000Turn#5000001.0×1061.5×1062.0×106EnergyGain(eV)Figure 2: Turn-by-turn Energy gain per turn.
RF RAMP
Afterthemerge,thefinalbunchwillhavealongaspect
ratiowhichrequiressomecarefulhandlinginordertoaccel-
erate with minimal loss of particles out of the RF bucket as
thebucketshapechangesandthebunchd... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA035.pdf | 1 |
a9867edf-acc9-4190-87da-78619304fe6d | thephase𝜙𝑠andvoltage𝑉accountingforradiativelosses
𝑈0.
𝑉=s
(𝑄2𝑠𝐸2𝜋
ℎ𝜂)2+(𝐸′+𝑈0)2
𝜙𝑠=arccos(𝑄2
𝑠2𝜋𝐸
𝜂ℎ𝑉)
𝑈0=𝐶𝛾𝐸4
𝜌. (4)
InFig.3 and 4the resultantphaseandvoltagerampare
shown.
Out[]=
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000Turn#1×1072×1073×1074×107Voltage
Figure 3: Voltage Ramp turn-by-turn
Out[]=
2000 4000 6... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA035.pdf | 1 |
518718d7-f96e-4e73-8363-e513680d8cbd | thisthresholdthroughthewhole18GeVramp. Howeverfor
the5and10GeVrampwith28nCbunchchargewewould
exceed it right before 5 GeV. This probably will require ad-
justingtheextractedlongitudinalemittancestostayabove
this threshold or controlling the impedance more.
Out[]=
2000 4000 6000 8000Turn#0.150.200.250.300.350.40|Z/n|Oh... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA035.pdf | 1 |
89dc63ca-4c03-4ff8-99fc-f258c3545b4f | Out[]=
-3 -2 -1 1 2 3
-0.0050.005Figure 6: Turn 1000 for 100 particle tracking using Zgoubi
CONCLUSION
WehavedevelopedapiecewiseEnergyandRFfunction
fortherampfrom1GeVto18GeV.Trackingresultsshow
thatthisrampfunctionstillhaslossesofabout6%during
first several 100 turns. Morestudy of how to ramp the RFphaseandvoltageandt... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA035.pdf | 2 |
123f8965-08de-466a-b11c-4ea8c930a815 | LATTICE DESIGN OF THE EIC ELECTRON STORAGE RING FOR
ENERGIES DOWN TO 5GeV∗
D. Marx†, J.S. Berg, B. Bhandari, K. Hamdi, D. Holmes, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, Y. Luo, C. Montag,
V. Ptitsyn, S. Tepikian, F. Willeke, H. Witte, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
G.H. Hoffstaetter, M.G. Signorelli, Cornell University, It... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 0 |
9a8487d0-995a-4f76-b3a8-145efdaf798c | in major changes to the geometry. Moreover, avoiding inter-
ferenceoftheelectronbeamlinewiththeotherbeamlinesin
thetunnel,aswellaswiththetunnelwalls,isaformidable
challenge, especially at the location of the large-diameter
superconducting solenoids. In this contribution, the details
of the modified spin rotators, geome... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 0 |
eb21ee4c-2387-44ea-8d53-3c93dc3c086e | ringswillbetransformedintoanewhadronstoragering,and
two new electron rings will be built in this tunnel: a rapid
cyclingsynchrotron(RCS)[6,7]foracceleratingelectrons
to collision energies and an electron storage ring (ESR) for
circulating electron beams for collisions. Figure 1 shows
aschematicoftheEIC.Collisionswilloc... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 0 |
9b310998-9960-4273-a8de-880122761715 | tions of electron and hadron beam energies will be collided.
Three values for the electron beam energy are planned: 5,
10, and 18GeV.
The ESR lattice consists of six arcs with straight sections
in between, labeled according to the numbers on a clock
∗WorksupportedbyBrookhavenScienceAssociates,LLC,underContract
No. DE-S... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 0 |
69d3c519-7665-48c3-a57d-d9c0c889afe5 | IP8,maybeincludedinafutureupgrade. Althoughasimple
cross-over beamline will initially be installed at IP8, it is
importanttoconsiderthedesignforafullsecondinteraction
region, as this sets the path-length requirements [9], and
the additional chromaticitygenerated bythis low- 𝛽section
makes it the most challenging confi... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 0 |
f7c73df1-3d65-41a8-9f14-7da635447936 | rotator rotates the spin vector into or out of the longitudinal
direction. As the spin-rotation angles depend on energy,
designingthesespinrotatorsforoperationatawiderange
of energies is challenging.
PreviousversionsoftheESRlatticehadalowerenergy
bound of 6GeV. Recently a study has been performed to
investigate extendi... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 0 |
84e2c9b0-35ad-4de7-9eb7-e033dd4ce71f | IP6FORWARD REAR
HSR
ESR RCS ePIC
DETECTOR
ESR SPIN ROTATORSESR SPIN ROTATORSATR1
234Figure2: GeometriclayoutoftheinteractionregionatIP6withthefoursolenoidmodulesshowninredboxes. TheRCS
lies vertically below the plane of the ESR. The HSR lies in the same plane as the ESR at IP6.
individual beamline is a considerable cha... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 1 |
e7ea6b0d-ad14-4a5d-931b-1dfea56a5d89 | significant transverse space for the cryostats. They must
fit in the tight space between the HSR and the wall. The
specificbendinganglesrequiredinthissectionoftheESR
constituteadditionalconstraintsthatmakethisparticularly
challenging.
The total bend angle between the short-solenoid module
and the IP determines the mini... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 1 |
1cd3ab10-b279-401c-9966-e54df002f56e | the solenoids is now 97.8mrad . This is accomplished using
yy
Figure3: Thespinrotatorsarecomposedofshort-andlong-
solenoid modules, as well as bend modules, to rotate the
spin from vertical in the arcs to longitudinal at the IP and
back to vertical on the other side.five 3.8-meter-long dipoles with interleaved quadrupo... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 1 |
0c36df8f-6b66-49f0-88f8-88d4407cac60 | of the module. Furthermore, the solenoid lengths chosen
are a balance between reducing the length of the module
and the technical limitations of the magnet. Due to the
maturity of the technology and greater choice of vendors, it
wasdesirabletokeepthestrengthlimitswithintherangethat
may be achieved by NbTi technology. M... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 1 |
1c29cfad-3bdf-4db3-b430-5490a5b80268 | GEOMETRY
Overall, the geometric layout of the ESR in the tunnel
representsasignificantchallenge. Thetotalpathlengthof
the ESR is fixed such that the revolution time of electrons is
equaltothatofhadronsintheHSR.Furthermore,thepath
lengthbetweenIP6andIP8isfixedtoallowsimultaneous
operation of two detectors in the future ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 1 |
5a81fa0c-c2c1-4732-b593-46f354832d6a | Figure 5: Layout of rings in the tunnel. The horizontal axis
showstheanglealongthering,withthelabelsgiveninterms
oftheIPnumbers. Theverticalaxisshowsradialdistance
fromthetunnelcenter,withtheredandgreendottedlines
indicating the tunnel walls. The ESR beamline is shown
in blue, alongside the HSR beamline (brown) and the... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 2 |
07d0cae7-7c68-4684-b97d-b6339ca4868a | therefore decreased the bend angle in the arc cells and in-
creasedthebendangleinthestraightsections. Asaconse-
quence the arc dipoles have also decreased in length with
more space given to the straight sections.
Beamlineelementsmustbecarefullyplacedtoavoidin-
terferenceswith other beamlines and the tunnel walls. The
s... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 2 |
1d6ae701-6781-49c7-b767-b86c7b13f26e | a representation of the geometry layout of the whole ring.
OPTICS
Figure 6 shows the matched optics for the 18 GeV lattice
with two collision points. Table 1 shows the main lattice
parameters at 18GeVwith 1 and 2 IPs. The two lattices are
identical with two full interaction regions; however, for the
1 IP lattice the 𝛽... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 2 |
865b81e3-5b5b-44b4-8f2e-52bb9e9496e1 | set to90°at18GeVand60°at 5 and10GeV. There is also
someperiodicityinthestraightsections,primarilytoreduce
the number of requiredpowersupplies. The phase advances
between arcs will be used as variables in the optimization
of the dynamic aperture [10,11], so these are expected to
change from the current linear optics mat... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 2 |
aab3c89f-c93d-4b88-8596-4d905729065f | berofnewmagnets thatwillhavetobedesigned andbuilt,
and reusing existing magnets from other facilities where
possible.
Thereisfurtherworktobedone,especiallyonthedesign
ofthecrossoveratIR8andredesigningthestraightsection
at IR4 to eliminate interferences. Local coupling correction
in the interaction region at IP6 needs t... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 2 |
235cc2c3-4a8b-48c5-9539-d6b62039a599 | REFERENCES
[1]J. Beebe-Wang et al., “Electron-Ion Collider: Conceptual
Design Report,” 2021.
[2]C.Montag etal.,“DesignStatusoftheElectron-IonCollider”,
presented at the IPAC’23, Venice, Italy, May 2023, paper
MOPA049, this conference.
[3]C. Montag, “RHIC status and plans,” AIP Conference Pro-
ceedings, vol.2160, no. 1,... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 3 |
7e3a8bd2-b0c1-4645-b4f3-9d4c84de934d | RCS RF ramp development”, presented at the IPAC’23,
Venice, Italy, May 2023, paper MOPA035, this conference.
[7]H. Lovelace III, F. Lin, V. Ranjbar, and C. Montag, “The Im-
pactofMagneticErrorsontheElectronIonColliderRapid
Cycling Synchrotron”, presented at the IPAC’23, Venice,
Italy, May 2023, paper WEPL088, this conf... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 3 |
71cb6f40-9b9c-4041-b51e-3c7af8947c82 | J.Unger,“Optimizationofchromaticopticsintheelectron
storage ring of the electron-ion collider,” Phys. Rev. Accel.
Beams, vol. 25, p. 071001, Jul 2022.
doi:1/zero.alt4.11/zero.alt43/PhysRevAccelBeams.25./zero.alt471/zero.alt4/zero.alt41
[11]Y. Nosochkov et al., “Dynamic Aperture Studies for the EIC
Electron Storage Ring... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 3 |
8a1a034f-fd97-45b2-a21c-36bebefa1f25 | BrookhavenNationalLab.(BNL),Upton,NY(UnitedStates),
2021.
[14]D. Barber et al., “A solenoid spin rotator for large electron
storage rings,” Particle Accelerators , vol. 17, pp. 243–262,
1985.
[15]P. Emma, “A spin rotator system for the NLC,” SLAC, USA,
SLAC NLC-Note-07, 1994.
[16]V. Ptitsin and Y. Shatunov, “Siberian S... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA037.pdf | 3 |
24c6b98d-bf05-4835-97c0-6494d17c98f6 | EFFECT OF ELECTRON ORBIT RIPPLE
ON PROTON EMITTANCE GROWTH IN EIC∗
D. Xu†, M. Blaskiewicz, Y. Luo, D. Marx, C. Montag, B. Podobedov
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
Abstract
Proton bunches will collide with electron bunches in the
Electron-IonCollider(EIC)toproducealuminosityofup
to1034cm−2s−1. Various so... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 0 |
63a087e7-fa4b-400f-81b4-e9b4cc397ad9 | the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) in the EIC.
INTRODUCTION
The construction of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at
BrookhavenNationalLaboratoryprovidesauniqueoppor-
tunity for researchers to investigate the internal structure of
nucleons and explore the effects of quarks and gluons on
nucleonspinandmass[1]. Toachievethede... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 0 |
64a696a7-9a69-4a8c-ae77-fb898c1917ec | the electron orbit ripple in the future EIC, which can cause
emittancegrowthin thehadronbeamviabeam-beam inter-
action. An example of emittance growth at RHIC due to
orbitoscillation canbefound in[2]. IntheEIC design,the
proton beam-beam parameter is as large as 0.012, and the
largebeam-beamparameterandaspectratiocanma... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 0 |
b9a90aad-921e-4de1-931d-d7921a919569 | cally, we utilize a threshold of 10%/hfor beam-size growth
or20%/hfor emittance growth in this study.
∗Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract
No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy
†dxu@bnl.govMODEL AND PARAMETERS
Aweak-strongsimulationallowsforthecalculationofthe
effectsofbeam... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 0 |
db6fc46e-8218-41be-b4c5-af401fb7154f | amplitude,𝑓rev=78.2 kHztherevolutionfrequency, 𝑓𝑖the
harmonicsof Δ𝑓=𝑓rev/106=0.0782 Hzrangingbetween
𝑓Land𝑓H,𝜙𝑖the random initial phase following uniform
distribution.
Figure 1 demonstrates the electron orbit ripple in time
and frequency domain.
Figure1: Electronorbitrippleintime(top)andfrequency
(bottom) doma... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 0 |
faec6229-876d-4d8f-b084-1ed627523cd0 | turns unless otherwise stated. Additionally, the growth rate
is fitted using the final 60%of the tracked data. Table 1
shows the beam parameters used in our simulation.
Table 1: Flat Beam Parameters in the EIC CDR
Quantity unit proton electron
Crossing angle mrad 25
Beam energy GeV 275 10
Bunch intensity 10110.668 1 .7... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 1 |
43e420d9-1a6e-4299-a196-71e1050c7a5c | of2%. The nominal working point of the hadron beam is
𝜈𝑥=0.228,𝜈𝑦=0.210. There are 3high peaks in the
horizontal plane: 𝜈e=2𝜈𝑥/3,𝜈𝑥,4𝜈𝑥/3, where𝜈eis the
modulation tune of the electron orbit ripple. The peaks at
twoorfourthirdsmaybebecauseofthenon-linearcrabbing
tail,asobservedin[7]. Intheverticalplane,inad... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 1 |
ba27443c-ff64-4f08-bd02-d6d705232b33 | Figure 3 presents the simulation at these dangerous fre-
quencies under the ripple of 10−4. The largest growth in
thehorizontal(vertical)planehappensat 18 kHz(17 kHz)
whichiscloseto 𝜈𝑥(𝜈𝑦). ComparedwithFig.2, thegrowth
rates in Fig. 3 are much smaller. In order to ensure that pro-
ton emittance growth rates remain ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 1 |
b3a33525-e5e7-44c3-81a0-81bd844e47a3 | attenuatedduetomagnetinductanceaswellaseddycurrents
in the vacuum chamber. At lower frequencies, the eddy
currentshieldingisinsignificant. Forspecifyingthepower
supplies, it is important to determine the tolerances to the
orbitripple,especiallyatthepower-linefrequency( 60 Hz
intheUS)anditsharmonics. Herewepresenttheres... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 1 |
a4584409-70cd-4250-89c0-3d93bd83f47c | <𝛿𝑥,𝑦>rms/𝜎𝑥,𝑦⪅2%. (3)
The primary contributor to electron orbit perturbations
is the power supplies of the dipoles, which tend to affect
the horizontal orbit at the IP more significantly. Figure 5
depicts various electron orbit ripples ranging from 2%to
10%, while maintaining the vertical ripple at 0.5%. From
th... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 1 |
65843b67-3f35-44fe-bb6b-ff470202b74a | Figure 4: Proton beam-size evolution by weak-strong simu-
lation. Thelowerandupperfrequenciesare 𝑓L=55 Hzand
𝑓H=65 Hz. Both horizontal and vertical orbit are modu-
lated by same ripple level.
Figure 5: Proton emittance evolution by weak-strong sim-
ulation around 60 Hz. The vertical ripple is fixed at 0.5%,
while the... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 2 |
ad5e7abe-586c-4d8f-9483-a4ddc4ed2bf7 | not by the bandwidth.
To understand why the vertical emittance grows faster
when the electron orbit is distorted, we scan the working
point around the nominal working point. In Fig. 7, the emit-
tance growth rates are displayed for various working points,
withsimilargrowthratesobservedalongthediagonalline,
indicating t... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 2 |
88c368ef-efc0-4936-8393-85b100517d64 | numbers in the unit of %/h. During the simulation, the
electron centroid is modulated around 55∼65 Hz.
clearevidencetosupportthenotionthatthesynchro-betatron
resonances are responsible for the emittance coupling be-
tween horizontal and vertical planes. An analysis of the
numericalvaluespresented inFig. 7reveals that a... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 2 |
ad3de15e-f556-4206-94c0-094f9f897dea | the longitudinal frequency matches the external modulation
frequency, leading to a substantial increase in vertical emit-
tance. Notably,weobservethatnegativevaluesof 𝜈𝑧,which
correspondtooperatingabovethetransitionenergy,result
in smaller vertical growth than the positive 𝜈𝑧values corre-
spondingtobelowthetransiti... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 2 |
862f7f91-677c-4455-8b57-f611098dfea9 | REFERENCES
[1]F. Willeke and J. Beebe-Wang et al., “Electron-Ion Collider
Conceptual Design Report 2021”, BNL, NY, USA, BNL-
221006-2021-FORE, 2021. doi:10.2172/1765663
[2]Y. Luo et al., “Revisit the effects of 10 HZ orbit oscillation
in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider”, presented at IPAC’23,
Venice, Italy, 2023, p... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 3 |
2a026e05-1b7c-4e9d-8243-ca4987c122fd | [5]D. Xu, Y. Hao, Y. Luo, C. Montag, and J. Qiang, “Study of
HarmonicCrabCavityinEICBeam-BeamSimulations”,in
Proc. IPAC’21 , Campinas, Brazil, May 2021, pp. 2595–2597.
doi:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB009
[6]M. Bassetti and G. A. Erskine, “Closed expression for the
electricalfieldofatwo-dimensionalGaussiancharge”,CERN,... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA039.pdf | 3 |
2fb931a4-78a0-4a90-ad2f-62a0dc31bbef | CLOSING CRAB DISPERSION BY DISPERSIVE RF CAVITY IN
ELECTRON-ION COLLIDER HADRON STORAGE RING∗
D. Xu†, , Y. Luo, J. S. Berg, H. Lovelace III, S. Tepikian, Q. Wu,
B. Xiao, J. Avronsart, H. Witte, M. Blaskiewicz, C. Montag, F. Willeke
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
B. R. Gamage, Jefferson Lab, Newport News... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 0 |
a1b81c44-28d1-4167-80ff-d0fb2913244f | dispersionbyadispersiveRFcavity. Theformulaisderived
and the required momentum dispersion at the RF cavity
iscalculated. Theweak-strongsimulationisperformedto
demonstrate this idea.
INTRODUCTION
The EIC employs a local crabbing compensation scheme,
asillustratedinFig.1,toattainthedesiredluminosity[1].
The scheme involv... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 0 |
4e893aea-f826-4c9a-afd2-bd0d7d56e67d | "bump" between them. The magnitude of the kick imparted
by the crab cavity is inversely proportional to the square
root of the beta function at the crab cavity location. A large
valueofbetafunctionisessentialtoreducethecrabcavity
voltagerequirement. However,intheHSRoftheEIC,the
conflictingrequirements ofa largebeta fun... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 0 |
474340b2-6daf-43cd-b916-243d4d508af7 | annegativeimpactonthedynamicaperture[3]. Itisdesir-
able to close the crab dispersion as locally as possible. The
inclusion of a third crab cavity may facilitate the closure
ofthecrabbingwithinthecrabs. Unfortunately,thereisno
available space to install a third crab cavity in IR6, which is
thecollisionzoneoftheEIC.Addi... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 0 |
74563645-957e-4704-963e-db4111047825 | this paper, we shall investigate this notion. In the ensuing
mathematical expressions, a calligraphic symbol shall be
employed to denote a 6×6matrix, whereas a standard font
shall be used to signify the 4×4block.
CRAB DISPERSION
The Hamiltonian of a thin crab cavity is
𝐻=𝑥𝜆𝑥
Λ𝑥+𝑦𝜆𝑦
Λ𝑦sin(𝑘𝑐𝑧)
𝑘𝑐, (1)
wh... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 0 |
3bbe54bd-2d66-43dc-8e83-e63ad8d3be0b | Byemployingthecrabdispersion,thetransversecoordi-
nates(𝑥,𝑝𝑥,𝑦,𝑝𝑦)can be decoupled from the longitudinal
offset𝑧. LetRbe the one-turn transfer matrix expressed as
a6×6matrix with the following form:
R=𝑟11𝑟12𝑟13𝑟14𝑟150
𝑟21𝑟22𝑟23𝑟24𝑟250
𝑟31𝑟32𝑟33𝑟34𝑟350
𝑟41𝑟42𝑟43𝑟44𝑟450
0 0 0 0 1 0
... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 1 |
e6d3301d-b2e2-40b7-8a33-47f518bc7765 | 𝑟51𝑟52𝑟53𝑟541𝑟56
0 0 0 0 0 1.(8)
Rcan be diagonalized with the concept of momentum
dispersion 𝜼
R=M𝜂𝑟11𝑟12𝑟13𝑟140 0
𝑟21𝑟22𝑟23𝑟240 0
𝑟31𝑟32𝑟33𝑟340 0
𝑟41𝑟42𝑟43𝑟440 0
0 0 0 0 1 𝑟56
0 0 0 0 0 1M−1
𝜂,(9)
where the symplectic matrix M𝜂is
M𝜂=14×4 04×1𝜼
−(𝐽... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 1 |
a2815319-c926-4e47-87aa-2fee1dc960e5 | 𝑟21𝑟22𝑟23𝑟24 0 0
𝑟31𝑟32𝑟33𝑟34 0 0
𝑟41𝑟42𝑟43𝑟44 0 0
0 0 0 0 𝑟55𝑟56
0 0 0 0 𝑟65𝑟66M−1
𝜂M−1
𝜁
(14)
𝜻and𝜼can be determined from the above equation numeri-
cally.
FromHirata[7],thelinearmapfortheLorentzboostin
the crab crossing scheme is
L≈1 0 0 0 𝜃𝑐0
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 1 |
ebaca63f-a0a8-4229-942b-b640226d88d5 | bump is closed if and only if,
𝜻∗
𝑎=04×1,𝜼∗
𝑎=04×1 (17)
thesubscript“a”indicatesaftercollisionandoutofthecrab
cavities.
BEAM-BEAM SIMULATION
Weak-strong simulation is a widely used approach in
beam-beamstudy[8,9]. Weuseaself-writtenweak-strong | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 1 |
716e3310-d770-46d0-9bbe-2d2be064aa76 | codetochecktheidea. Asecondorderharmoniccrabcavity
is used to flatten the ion bunch [10]. The ion bunch is cut
into multiple slices. Each slice is represented by a 2D Gaus-
siandistributionin 𝑥−𝑦plane. Theweakelectronbeamare
simulated by a number of macro particles. The beam-beam
interaction is modeled by the Bassett... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 2 |
bad378d8-c3c6-46d6-a52c-b4ee48f78a08 | matrixfromCCAtoRF,while R2isthetransfermatrixfrom
RF to CCB.
Whenthecrabcavitiesareturnedoff,theone-turntransfer
matrix at IP is,
R𝑡=R𝑏R2RrfR1R𝑎. (18)
Without the distortion of the crab cavities, the x-y-z motion
is completely decoupled.
Whenthecrabcavitiesareturnedon,theone-turntransfer
matrix before/after collisio... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 2 |
ff21b6ce-d812-42c3-88f0-c2836f250db2 | the crabbing within the cavities is
Ψrf=90◦, 𝑑=−1
𝑞√︄
𝛽rf
𝛽∗(cotΨ𝑎+cotΨ𝑏), 𝑑′=0.
(21)whereΨrfis the phase advance from the RF to IP, Ψ𝑏the
phase advance from CCB to IP, Ψ𝑎the phase advance from
IPtoCCA,and 𝑞denotestheRFcavitystrength 𝑞=(Crf)65.
𝑑and𝑑′are the momentum dispersion at the RF cavity.
Figure 3: ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 2 |
fe3e93fd-088e-4b48-a44a-d845086e90d2 | In Case B, the crab cavity voltage is chosen as
𝜆𝐵
𝑏=𝜃𝑐
sinΨ𝑏, 𝜆𝐵
𝑎=𝜃𝑐
sinΨ𝑎. (22)
Inthisinstance,neitheroftheconditionsoutlinedinEqs.(16)
and (17) are satisfied. Consequently, a considerable growth
is observed in the vertical plane.
IncaseC,thecrabvoltageisadjustedsothatthecondition
Eq. (16) is satisfied w... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 2 |
4b63e168-0ac7-4c07-98f5-3c75408aef4c | REFERENCES
[1]F.WillekeandJ.Beebe-Wang,“Electron-IonColliderCon-
ceptualDesignReport2021”,BNL,NY,USA,BNL-221006-
2021-FORE, 2021. doi:10.2172/1765663
[2]J.S.Berg et al.,“LatticeDesignfortheInteractionRegion
of the Electron-Ion Collider ”, presented at IPAC’23, Venice,
Italy, 2023, paper WEPL030, this conference.
[3]Y. ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 3 |
c5b8e807-f491-4129-9537-470c9d898969 | Large Hadron Collider collimation”, Phys. Rev. ST Accel.
Beams, vol. 13, p. 031001, 2010.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.13.031001
[6]D.Xu et al.,“Combinedeffectsofcrabdispersionandmo-
mentum dispersion in colliders with local crab crossingscheme”, Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams , vol. 25, p. 071002, 2022.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBe... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA040.pdf | 3 |
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