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e19e973a-e3ad-4d8e-ab39-6fd8048acfff | foresplitintothreesegmentsofequallength,andonlythe
center dipole is powered to 190 G at injection while the two
outeronesareatzerofieldaftersomede-gaussingprocess.
Studies on the magnetic field tolerances are underway [27].
BunchesaresuppliedtotheRCSfroma400MeVS-band
LINAC, operating at a repetition rate of 100Hz. Four... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 1 |
9af07f18-27de-4906-be95-e8ebbb7cc527 | INTERACTION REGION
Theinteractionregion(IR)[31]isbasedonacrossingan-
gleof25mrad,compensatedbycrabcavitiesinboththeelec-
tronandthehadronbeamline[32 –34],seeFigure1. Beams
are focused to small cross sections with 𝛽-functions of typi-
cally 60cm horizontallyand 5cm vertically,depending on
thebeamenergies,byanarrangemen... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 1 |
a64e7716-a59b-49db-9487-02fcec1b3d1a | the rear side of the detector, the electron low- 𝛽quadrupoles
need large apertures to safely pass the synchrotron radiation
photons generated by the upstream quadrupoles through the
interactionregion. Theselargeaperturesandthepresence
ofthenearbybeamlinesfortheelectronsontheforwardand
thehadronsontherearside,withtheir... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 1 |
0874b54b-4d9f-47ca-95f3-fab1774ac282 | ring,atwo-stagehadroncoolingsystemisrequired. Hadron
beams are first cooled by a bunched-beam electron cooler
at injection energy to the normalized emittances required at
store[38]. Afterrampingthosebeamstocollisionenergy,
these emittances are then maintained by a second cooler.
This high energy cooler will be based ei... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 1 |
7aaf75d1-5181-4c53-b805-e3ee3acd990c | coherent electron cooling [39,40], or on bunched beam
coolingbyahighintensityracetrackring[41 –43]. Ahigh
intensity,lowemittanceelectrongunforthehadroncooler
is being designed and optimized [44–46].
BEAM DYNAMICS
Beam dynamics in the various accelerators that comprise
the EIC have been extensively studied to ensure saf... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 2 |
21fb6996-116e-4eec-b6a3-77d1726e4871 | accordingly [60].
REFERENCES
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lider Hadron Storage Ring Injection”, presented at IPAC’23,
Ven... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 2 |
ae071f91-06f6-474b-9a4e-41a70e21f4a3 | and Hadron Storage Rings in the Electron-Ion Collider”, pre-
sentedatIPAC’23,Venice,Italy,May2023,paperMOPL157,
this conference.
[6]V. Ptitsyn et al.,“FELICIA – A probe to survey the RHIC
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ElectronIonCollider”,presentedatIPAC’23,Venice,Italy,
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StorageRing”,presentedatIPAC’23,Venice,Italy,May2023,
pap... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 2 |
d5141a2a-2fdc-41dc-9026-983a73201baf | uration for Protons and Helions in the HSR”, presented at
IPAC’23, Venice, Italy, May 2023, paper MOPA030 this con-
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fdb2abda-e7c1-4368-b0c0-48f3d285794c | tron Storage Ring of the Electron-Ion Collider”, presented
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conference.
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[21]E. Gianfelice-Wendt, Th... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 2 |
6c7ea305-4708-4c15-9ce3-ffc59975e6f0 | MOPL087, this conference.
[24]J. Guo et al.,“Prototyping of the Electron Ion Collider Elec-
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6ecc4cf9-b64f-42c2-9679-77bc16ef8f69 | [28]E.Wang et al.,“HighvoltageDCgunusingDistributedBragg
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Electron Ion Collider”, EIC-HDR-TN-012, 2020
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Cooling EIC Hadron Beams”, presented at IPAC’23, Venice,
Italy, May 2023, paper MOPA016, thi... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 3 |
a90cdc49-1756-4cff-b202-2ae0b5e59df0 | May 2023, paper MOPA043, this conference.
[43]S. Seletskiy et al.,“Parameters optimization for EIC Ring
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[44]W. Liu et al.,“The high voltage DC gun design progress for
EICstronghadroncooling”,presentedatIPAC’23,Venice,
Italy, May 2023, pap... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 3 |
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ulation for EIC beam-beam study”, presented at IPAC’23,
Venice, Italy, May 2023, paper MOPA042, this conference.
[49]Y. Hao et al.,“Haissinski distribution of electron beam
in Electron-Ion Collider and its impact on the Hadron
beam”,present... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 3 |
6febf86b-178b-4747-920b-f8b971ca5fb0 | Closure Bumps for the Hadron Storage Ring of the Electron-
IonCollider”,presentedatIPAC’23,Venice,Italy,May2023,
paper MOPA045, this conference.
[53]D.Xu et al.,“ClosingcrabdispersionbydispersiveRFcavity
inEICHSR”,presentedatIPAC’23,Venice,Italy,May2023,
paper MOPA040, this conference.
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2cb545cc-b881-42d6-84b6-cb7b149073b4 | conference.
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EffectsonDynamicAperture”,presentedatIPAC’23,Venice,
Italy, May 2023, paper MOPL041, this conference.
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Phase Noise on Transverse Emittance in EIC-HSR”, pre-
sentedatIPAC’23,Venice,Italy,May2023,... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA049.pdf | 3 |
62806138-e4f5-4b5e-b6ee-af75a4764d8a | NONLINEAR COUPLING RESONANCES IN
THE EIC ELECTRON STORAGE RING∗
M. G. Signorelli†1, G. H. Hoffstaetter1,2, D. Sagan1
1Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
2Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
Abstract
The 18 GeV Electron Storage Ring (ESR) lattice of the
Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) showedvarious undesirable e... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 0 |
f874b9a6-76ff-4871-b01b-27d41045df55 | nonzero dispersion in the rotators, and misalignments in the
18 GeV case will inevitably create some dispersion, so care
must be taken that this 2nd order resonance is not excited.
Zero dispersion in the spin rotators may therefore not be the
bestsolution, and a newworkingpoint is sought that is not
close to this reson... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 0 |
d2a9aae4-e662-4e77-a087-f61769bcaf5f | 18GeVESRlatticeshowingasignificantdisagreementof
thenonlinearpolarizationandverticalemittancewithanalyt-
ical calculations [1]. Difficulties with the dynamic aperture
were also found [2]. These effects were resolved in a newer
versionwhichhadremoveddispersioninthesolenoidalspin
rotators by turning off the short solenoi... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 0 |
740c1342-b666-47dc-b746-69169f025e44 | DE‐SC0018370.
†mgs255@cornell.eduUnderstanding the cause of the negative effects is nec-
essary to ensure the new solution is sufficient and robust.
Furthermore,byturningofftheshortsolenoidmodule,the
longitudinalspinmatchislostandpolarizationisreduced[4].
In this work, we use various Monte Carlo tracking methods
toiden... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 0 |
5e1ad417-66aa-4e20-bfbb-c44ac513aa55 | ingandfluctuations. The tapercommandinthe Taopro-
gram was used to fix the closed orbit sawtooth effect due to
radiation. MapTracking usestruncatedTaylorseriesmaps
whichincludespintransport. Thetruncationorderisuser-
specified. Withmaptracking,radiationeffectsareapplied
at the bend centers and maps are used to transpor... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 0 |
abd5b4f4-79ba-4616-8aff-269a1612df92 | to the horizontal-like, vertical-like, and longitudinal-like
modes[8]. Radiation-integralcalculationsgeneralizedfor
a coupled lattice are used to calculate the equilibrium emit-
tances. All tracking reported here use 5,000 to 10,000 parti-
cles, with an initial 6D distribution equal to the analytical
equilibrium beam d... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 0 |
cc0ca5c8-2f30-402f-9cb4-48e867fb7bd3 | Table 1: RMS emittances for an 18 GeV ESR lattice with
fractional tunes (𝑄𝑥,𝑄𝑦,𝑄𝑠) = (0.12,0.10,0.05) .
𝝐𝐚,RMS[nm]𝝐𝐛,RMS[nm]
Analytical 27.7 ∼ 0
1stOrder Map Tracking 27.7 ∼ 0
2ndOrder Map Tracking 31.4 2.4
3rdOrder Map Tracking 28.9 10.6
Bmad Tracking 28.7 12.3
PTC Tracking 28.8 12.3
Figure 2: Vertical (b-mo... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 1 |
821899cb-b08d-42d9-bb94-a150f71316f2 | paper, the core emittance for a given mode and a given core
size(expressedassome percentageof the totalnumber of
particles) is calculated using the following algorithm: the
particles with the largest amplitudes for the given mode
are removed until the percentage of particles left matches
thegivencoresize. Theeigenmodes... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 1 |
ca1ce976-6aa5-4e7a-8506-c337ff151c3e | and at 100% the full beam is included.
Figure2showstheverticalcoreemittancesasafunctionof
thenumberofparticlesincludedinthecore. Forthetracking
thatincludesthemostnonlineareffects(Bmad,PTCand3rd
order map tracking) 𝜖𝑏is about 5 nm which is significantly
larger than the linear radiation-integral prediction. It should
... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 1 |
75b2f07c-97c0-4454-b20f-afeac0c8a682 | Source of Effects
For the lattice used for tracking, which has a longitudinal
spin match, vertical enlargement could only be generated
by nonlinear coupling effects. There are several possible
causes including nonlinear effects in the solenoids and/or
quadrupoles in the solenoid modules where there is local-
ized coupl... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 1 |
c75d8d9c-790a-448c-bfc3-b13d5bced8a8 | presents once 2ndorder orbit motion in the quadrupoles be-
tween the solenoids is included in the tracking. Notably,
this effect was not observed if the dispersion entering the
solenoid module was made to be zero.
Identification of Resonance
A sweep of the synchrotron tune 𝑄𝑠reveals a 2ndorder
resonance as shown in F... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 1 |
d84f793b-4248-464c-9f31-ab0d84f37550 | Figure4: 80%core 𝜖𝑏obtainedfrom3rdordermaptracking
for varying 𝑄𝑠with constant (𝑄𝑥,𝑄𝑦) = (0.12,0.10) .
Figure 5: Average bunch replacement time for sufficient
polarization vs. 𝑄𝑠with constant (𝑄𝑥,𝑄𝑦) = (0.12,0.10) .
The driving term for the 𝑄𝑦− 2𝑄𝑠resonance in
quadrupoles can be obtained from the 𝑒𝑖... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 2 |
f80879e5-c33b-4c6b-b4e8-7fae4b1f9e3e | in the ring where there is vertical dispersion in quadrupoles
are the rotator quadrupoles when nonzero horizontal disper-
sion enters the solenoid module. The horizontal dispersion
islocallycoupledintotheverticalwithinasolenoidmodule,
thus exciting the resonance in the decoupling quadrupoles.
While the undesirable effe... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 2 |
14bc2d1d-6be6-4146-a221-451ab39669b6 | for varying 𝑄𝑥with𝑄𝑠= 0.05and𝑄𝑦= 0.14.
New Tunes
Changing 𝑄𝑠to avoid the resonanceis not possible due
to strict requirements on the RF bucket size. Beam-beam
simulations suggested a new fractional tunes of (𝑄𝑥,𝑄𝑦) =
(0.08,0.14) . These tunes were implemented in the ESR
latticepresentedinthisworkbyvaryingthe... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 2 |
9c28c0f7-d65e-4032-b892-560ba4641d0d | fractional tunes; with new settings, this effect will likely be
suppressed. This shows the importance of iteratively select-
inganewWPwhileconsideringallofbeam-beameffects,
dynamic aperture, and polarization.
CONCLUSIONS
Thecauseofvariousundesirableeffectsobservedinthe
18 GeV ESR lattice - including low asymptotic pola... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 2 |
7f0a5fcd-ae0b-4147-bcbc-cde467e2c552 | no longer needs to be turned off, and a longitudinal spin
match may be possible. When sufficiently away from this
resonance, excellent polarization is observedin the 18 GeV
ESR lattice with longitudinal spin matching. Finally, Monte
Carlotrackingresultsofanewworkingpointwithfractional
tunes(𝑄𝑥,𝑄𝑦) = (0.08,0.14) wer... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 2 |
5b73f77d-c6ea-43ad-9af2-64e5db30e5f8 | REFERENCES
[1]M.G.Signorelli,G.H.Hoffstaetter,J.Kewisch,andJ.A.Crit-
tenden, “Spin Matching for the EIC’s Electrons,” in Proc.
IPAC’22, Bangkok, Thailand, 2022, pp. 2369–2372.
doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-IPAC2/zero.alt422-WEPOMS/zero.alt451
[2]D.Marxetal.,“DynamicapertureoptimizationintheEIC
electron storage ring with ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 3 |
88d95460-b570-4214-a3d4-251f746f3730 | 2023, paper MOPA052.
[5]D.Sagan, TheBmadManual .2022. https://www.classe.
cornell.edu/bmad/manual.html[6]D. Sagan, The Tao Manual . 2022. https://www.classe.
cornell.edu/bmad/tao.html
[7]F. Schmidt, E. Forest, and E. McIntosh, “Introduction to the
polymorphictrackingcode:Fibrebundles,polymorphicTay-
lortypesand“Exacttr... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA051.pdf | 3 |
d9eeec4b-7757-4ac0-acd2-7283f029b42a | ELECTRON POLARIZATION PRESERVATION IN THE EIC∗
M. G. Signorelli†1, G. H. Hoffstaetter1,2, V. Ptitsyn2
1Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
2Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
Abstract
Polarization levels in the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) of
the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) must be maintained for a
sufficien... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 0 |
110da1ba-f53f-41aa-9ef0-2e9d6f8cabc7 | latticesarepresented,andtheirimplicationsdiscussed;the
necessityforalongitudinalspinmatchinthe18GeVcaseis
investigated,andverticalemittancecreationschemeswith
minimal effects on polarization are analyzed.
INTRODUCTION
TheElectron-IonCollider(EIC)tobebuiltatBrookhaven
National Laboratory will provide polarized electron ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 0 |
9868ef09-ca83-47d5-8876-45e932dc054d | energysothat,pairedwiththespinprecessioninthebend
modules, ˆ𝑛0isrotatedfromverticalinthearctolongitudinal
attheIP,andthenbacktoverticalinthearc. Aschematicof
theinteractionregion(IR)isshowninFig.1. Eachsolenoid
“module" consists of two solenoids separated by either 5 or
7 quadrupoles for decoupling and spin matching.
... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 0 |
0fc11304-24b7-464f-9670-e65ce9462579 | arcfields;2) spindiffusion whichdepolarizesthebunchdue
to the stochasticity of synchrotron radiation [2–4]. These
effects balance out over time, causing the polarization to
asymptotically approach 𝑃∞as in Eq. (1). Neglecting ki-
netic effects, the rate 𝜏−1
eqis simply the sum of the ST rate
𝜏−1
stand the spin diffus... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 0 |
c7874830-62e8-494e-b9c1-c255b7c7ed76 | to the ST effect, the positively-polarized bunch replacement
time𝑇+will be greater than the negatively-polarized bunch
replacement time 𝑇−. These times can be numerically com-
puted from the time-average of Eq. (1)after calculating 𝑃∞
and𝜏−1
𝑒𝑞. The long-term average bunch replacement time 𝑇
may then be computed... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 0 |
c09b9c07-e440-4d1d-b436-2e701d2cd06c | ule,𝜓𝑗isthespinprecessioninthe 𝑗-thbendmodule,and
®𝑘0=ˆ𝑙0+i ˆ𝑚0in terms of the right-handed spin basis on
the closed orbit(ˆ𝑛0,ˆ𝑚0,ˆ𝑙0). Horizontal spin matching is
achieved by setting each M𝑖so that𝐻𝑖(M𝑖)=0. With this
conditionsatisfiedforagivenenergy,byEq. (4)alongitu-
dinalspinmatch(LSM)isentirelydeterm... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 0 |
46a1a8ed-8d3d-40a6-91a2-b365ff99f728 | Table1: Solenoidandbendmodulespinprecessionangles
for the 18 GeV ESR versions analyzed in this work.
Solenoids Bends
𝜙1,4𝜙2,3𝜓1,4𝜓2,3
ESR v5.3 (LSM) 30°120 °180 °90°
ESR v5.6 (No LSM) 0° 90°180 °90°
ESR v6.0 (No LSM) 0° 90°227 °90°
All energies for the ESR are horizontally spin matched.
Calculationsofthedepolarizat... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 1 |
31433829-bec4-4231-b2eb-7360839839a6 | ESR.Wealsopresenttheresultsofaverticalchicaneasa
vertical emittance creator, and the effects on polarization.
The preliminary ESR lattice versions analyzed in this
work are titled v5.3, v5.6, and v6.0, where v5.3 is the oldest
latticeversionandv6.0isthelatestversion. Table1shows
thespinprecessionanglesinthesolenoidandb... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 1 |
98696fbb-5d33-40c3-9cfc-d74b76c9d2ca | of5GeVwhichismoredesirabletoexperimenters,butno
possibility for a longitudinal spin match.
LONGITUDINAL SPIN MATCH
Significance and Feasibility
Thelongitudinalspinmatchwasoriginallydroppedgo-
ingfromv5.3tov5.6duetovariousundesirablenonlinear
effects,includinglowpolarization[9],thatresolvedwhen
turning off the short sol... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 1 |
807885fb-7129-4504-92d4-2f865173928e | workingpoint,italsore-openedthequestionofwhetheror
not a LSM should be achieved in the ESR.
In the analytical calculations of 𝑃∞and𝜏−1
dep, one of the
modes of spin-orbit coupling can be ignored by zeroing the
Figure 2: Average bunch replacement times for the v5.3
(LSM) and v5.6 (no LSM).
Table 2: Solenoid Strengths ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 1 |
b5951400-3717-4193-a34a-3e3c3a6a676e | However,ignoringlongitudinalspin-orbitcoupling,there-
placementtimesareverysimilar. Thisstronglysuggeststhat
the lack of a LSM in the v5.6 is the primary cause for the
largereduction. WhileaLSMissignificantanddesiredat
18GeV,thefeasibilitymustalsobeconsidered. Giventhe
bend angles, the v5.6 may still gain a LSM by adju... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 1 |
9acd1c37-a6bd-47bd-b1ee-8a86cde7270c | WhileafullLSMoverasingleIRisnotfeasible,itmay
bepossibletoachieveapartialLSMaroundthering;forthe
1-IPcase,usingthesolenoidsinthe2ndIRwecanattemptto
spinmatchfromthestartofthe6o’clockIRtotheendofthe
lastactivesolenoidinthe8o’clockIR.Thespinmatching
condition for this case looks the same as that in Eq. (4), but
the solen... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 1 |
640aa960-a223-4e78-a4b4-ee4c00e9941d | Figure 3:|𝑔(𝜙5,𝜙6)|with𝜙5=𝜙8and𝜙6=𝜙7(case 1) for
the ESR v5.6.
𝜙5,𝜙8are the IR-8 short solenoid module precession angles
and𝜙6,𝜙7the long solenoid module precession angles.
𝑔(𝜙5,𝜙6,𝜙7,𝜙8)=8sol∑︁
𝑖=1𝜙𝑖𝑘0𝑠,𝑖−9bend∑︁
𝑗=1𝜓𝑗𝑘0𝑦, 𝑗(5)
Each𝜙𝑖must be chosen so that ˆ𝑛0returns to vertical. For
the... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 2 |
11f19575-6864-4257-b9b7-98a1c15d0224 | for each case, and is dependent on the spin precession angle
in the bend between IR-6 and IR-8 ( 𝜓5). In fact, if 𝜓5=
𝑛𝜋, 𝑛∈Z, then𝑔min=0and thus a full LSM using the
2ndIR is achievable. Unfortunately, this is not the case, and
such geometry changes to make 𝜓5=𝑛𝜋are not feasible.
We determined the best scheme... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 2 |
4d048ad5-5c8c-4c11-949e-724196fcc38f | solenoidsettings,|𝑔|=5.7858. Byflippingthepolarityof
theIR-8solenoids(andthusthesignofthepolarizationat
IP-8),|𝑔|=2.45. Thissimplechangesignificantlyimproves
𝑇,asshowninTable3. Asimilarresultisseeninthev6.0,
and so this solution will be adopted for the 2-IP lattice.Table 3: Replacement Times for 18 GeV ESR Lattices
... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 2 |
d591c4f4-eed0-4d80-8da8-4f1640da9995 | andsatisfyingtheopticsrequirements. Verticalemittance
canbecreatedbyphotonradiationintheverticaldirection,
radiation in the horizontal direction in regions with vertical
dispersion, and couplingthehorizontalemittanceintothe
vertical. There are many different ways to do each, or a mix,
of these. One method is to insert ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 2 |
e051f409-4133-4a6d-afc5-3c401171a17c | due to the use of superbends at that energy.
Wearecurrentlyinvestigatingverticalclosedorbitbumps
throughsextupolessothatdelocalizedcouplingisexcited,
pairedwithharmonicclosedorbitspinmatchingtofixthe
tilt of ˆ𝑛0in the arc.
CONCLUSIONS
Thesignificanceofachievingalongitudinalspinmatch
intheESRat18GeVwaspresented,withana... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 2 |
a6e7de74-5a78-49ca-8098-3dab8ff964c5 | beneficial topolarization, and will beadopted. Finally, the
useofaverticalchicaneasaverticalemittancecreatorinthe
ESR was ruled out due to the necessity for spin matching,
excessively high field strengths, and inability to maintain
𝜖𝑦∼0.1𝜖𝑥for the 5 GeV case which uses superbends. | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 2 |
5eb59336-3070-4df8-aac6-ca1772c6c2bc | REFERENCES
[1]D.Marxetal.,“DesigningtheEICElectronStorageRingLat-
tice for a Wide Energy Range,” in Proc. IPAC’22 , Bangkok,
Thailand, 2022, pp. 1946–1949.
doi:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT042
[2]A.A.SokolovandI.M.Ternov,“OnPolarizationandSpin
EffectsintheTheoryofSynchrotronRadiation,” Sov.Phys.
Doklady, vol. 8, p. 12... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 3 |
0d77f80e-9350-4c33-8264-b8be1a94b3de | ceptual Design Report 2021,” 2021.
doi:10.2172/1765663
[8]V.Ptitsyn, Spinmatchingderivation ,BrookhavenNational
Laboratory, 2021.
[9]M.G.Signorelli,G.H.Hoffstaetter,J.Kewisch,andJ.A.Crit-
tenden, “Spin Matching for the EIC’s Electrons,” in Proc.
IPAC’22, Bangkok, Thailand, 2022, pp. 2369–2372.
doi:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC20... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA052.pdf | 3 |
5d9e4dbc-0e28-449c-b8f9-f53dd68f186c | INTERACTION REGION EFFECTS ON THE EIC’S ELECTRON STORAGE
RING’S DYNAMIC APERTURE∗
J. Unger, G. H. Hoffstaetter, M. Signorelli, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
D. Marx, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
Abstract
The Electron-Ion Collider, to be constructed at
Brookhaven National Laboratory, requires a l... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 0 |
4051281c-47e3-4bed-846a-396a5fb3da0a | ESR’sDA,includingthebeam-beaminteraction,crabcavity
kicks, the detector solenoid field, and skew quadrupoles
for coupling compensation. In this contribution, these
effectsaremodelledtoevaluatetheirimpactonthedynamic
aperture of the ESR at 18GeV.
INTRODUCTION
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) requires a dynamic aper-
ture... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 0 |
8af3fffa-a6fc-45ad-acc3-95a9c11ba57c | per arc) to correct the W-function [2] and chromaticity with
additionalsinglesextupolesusedforcorrectingthesecond
order dispersion.
The2-IPconfigurationat18GeVhasproventobeparticu-
larly difficult in optimizing towards the momentum aperture
goal. Thegoalhasbeenmetforabaselinelattice(version
5.6) where certain features ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 0 |
5667a0f5-fec1-4951-a67d-d24f11f91cc7 | scheme at both IPs. The crab cavities are modelled as sinu-
soidal kicks to the horizontal momentum of the form
∗This work has been supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC
under Contract No. DE-SC0012704.
Figure1: DynamicapertureofESRin2-IPconfiguration,
including crab cavities, detector solenoid and correction... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 0 |
9293065b-cbe2-4153-a1fe-2c3000d5cb15 | A solenoid is inserted at each IP, introducing coupling
and vertical dispersion, which are corrected by the use of
skew quadrupoles in the IR. The coupling is corrected from
the start of the IR to the IP and from the IP to the end of
IR. In addition, the solenoid affects both the crabbing at
the IP and the ability for ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 0 |
c6b22f8d-51b0-4d72-9293-c526b9f56c02 | 𝑀11𝑀12𝑀13𝑀14
𝑀21 0 𝑀23𝑀24
𝑀31 0 𝑀33𝑀34
𝑀41 0 𝑀43𝑀44𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑏 1→𝐼𝑃0
Δ𝑥′𝑧
0
0=𝜃𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑧
0
0
0
(2)
𝑀11 0 𝑀13𝑀14
𝑀21𝑀22𝑀23𝑀24
𝑀31 0 𝑀33𝑀34
𝑀41 0 𝑀43𝑀44𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑏 1→𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑏 20
Δ𝑥′𝑧
0
0=0
Δ𝑥′𝑧
0
0... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 1 |
0ad524ad-b211-42cb-86d6-f5e9bca74af9 | tionswouldrequire8skewquadrupolesoneachsideofeach
IP, four for decoupling, two for the crabbing plane, and two
for𝜂𝑦and𝜂′
𝑦. In order to provide flexibility in avoiding
undesirable solutions, this correction was done with 9 skew
quadrupoles on each side of the two IPs, giving 36 in to-
tal for the 2-IP configuratio... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 1 |
f794afd9-5f2a-49c0-a971-4bf58beac0cb | isduetothecrabcavitygivingalongitudinaldependence
to the beam centroid. The opposing strong, proton beam
has a longitudinally dependent centroid defined by the crab
cavities, and at the IP is represented by a polynomial
𝑥𝑐(𝑧)=𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑥1𝑧+𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑥2𝑧2+𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑥3𝑧3(4)
Thefirstordertermisthemaincrabkick,thesecond... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 1 |
0d1a685b-c42c-400a-a08f-8cf820721b7c | tion using the Bessetti-Erskine formula [5]. While tracking
throughthebeam-beaminteraction,theparticlesexperience
thesolenoidfieldbetweenslices. Thisslice-by-slicetracking
method is available as a parameter in the Bmad beam-beam
element[4],withtheresultsherebeingobtainedwith100
slices.
In the 2-IP configuration, each b... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 1 |
b1c8a524-df64-4678-aac8-7c653b8a62b3 | pingjust0.1%belowthegoalof1%withbothincluded. The
2-IP configuration performs significantly worse, with the
momentum aperture dropping by around half when either
detector solenoid or beam-beam was included. In both con-
figurations the on-momentum transverse aperture remained
above 10 𝜎.
Table 1: Momentum Aperture Wit... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 1 |
02dced79-8c94-438c-9965-45746c5312a8 | configurationwithsolenoid. Inordertodetermineacause,
theDAwasalsoobtainedwiththesolenoidatonlyoneIP
at a time to determine if one of the two IPs was the main
causeinthedrop. Theresults,seeninTable1,showthatthe
twoIPsseesimilardrops,withIP6performingmarginally
worse.
The drop in momentum aperture is then likely caused b... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 1 |
06da9531-055e-4124-9050-2babfbed302f | (a) Crab cavities, solenoid and correction, and beam-beam
(b) Crab cavities, solenoid and correction, and beam-beam. After
adjusting phases
Figure2: Dynamicapertureforthe2-IPconfiguration,com-
pared before and after adjusting phase advances near the
IRs.
ofthem. This wasconfirmed byinspecting theW-function
andsecondord... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 2 |
61cf4720-24a9-4bd3-b1a1-bd93240380b6 | 0.3% with crab cavities, solenoids, and beam-beam to 0.6%
asseeninFig. 2. Thisincreasefromadjustingthephases,
suggests that increasing the momentum aperture back to the
original0.9%throughtheadjustingofthefullDAcorrection
scheme is likely.
In addition to re-optimizing the sextupoles and phase
advancesaftertheinsertiono... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 2 |
0fd4c805-21ba-4c70-9dc9-3ccc0d71c858 | The2-IPconfigurationdidnotperformaswell. Starting
alreadybelowthegoalat0.9%,itwasreducedto0.3%after
all features were included. This loss in aperture could be
reduced if the phase advances on each side of the IRs were
adjusted, bringing the momentum aperture to 0.6%. This
increase suggests that the effects considered h... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 2 |
2b1692cd-b5ce-472d-b77e-7959c9155f78 | //cds.cern.ch/record/443342
[3]Y. Nosochkov, et el., Dynamic Aperture Studies for the EIC
ElectronStorageRing,”presentedatIPAC’23,Venice,Italy,
May 2023, pa- per MOPA048, this conference.
[4] The Bmad web site: https://www.classe.cornell.edu/bmad
[5]M.BassettiandG.A.Erskine."Closedexpressionfortheelec-
trical field of ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA053.pdf | 2 |
97e0e985-6843-4215-a9ec-cf851afedfb7 | BEAM DYNAMICS FOR CONCURRENT OPERATION
OF THE LHeC AND THE HL-LHC
T .von Witzleben∗1,2, K. D. J. André1, R. De Maria1, B. Holzer1, M. Klein3, J. Pretz2,4, M. Smith3
1CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
2RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
3University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
4Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 0 |
e7337e06-ed68-4244-858b-75314826f3c0 | p-p collisions in ATLAS, CMS and LHCb. The LHeC/AL-
ICEinteractionregionislaidoutforalternatee-pandp-p
data,usingacommondetector,suitableforthisnovelway
of interaction. It therefore requires a highly precise beam
opticsandorbitforthethreebeams: thetwoprotonbeams
of the HL-LHC, as well as the electron beam from the ERL.... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 0 |
eb4bf7e0-d08c-404e-83da-70550d50b4dc | microscope for the inner structure of hadrons.
Figure1: Schematicof a possible LHeClayout. It displays
the energy recovery linac (yellow), the super proton syn-
chrotron with the LHC (grey) and the high luminosity up-
grade (blue) [1].
∗tiziana.von.witzleben@cern.chAn energy recovery linac (ERL) is used to accelerate t... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 0 |
b9a76ae7-9d1c-4f8c-baad-d3df5f3a5806 | electrons are accelerated and decelerated over three turns
in the same radio frequency (RF) cavities. This technology
aimstorecover 96.7%oftheelectronenergy[2]andwillbe
testedinthefacilityPERLE(PowerfulERLforExperiment)
in Orsay [3]. A schematic of the ERL is shown in Fig. 2
with the main parameters of the ERL displaye... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 0 |
daceb072-2261-4b88-ace3-7506ac25c9ac | After three turns the electrons collide head-on with the
protons. The electron interaction region features a dipole
magnetembeddedintheparticledetector,whichseparates
the electron beam from the protons after the collision. It
alsofeaturesadoubletofquadrupolestofocustheelectrons.
The protons pass through the electron ma... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 1 |
d9d602f0-afac-42cc-b90c-71085552b858 | LAS (IP1), ALICE (IP2), CMS (IP5) and LHCb (IP8). The
electron beam is meant to collide in IP2 with one of the two
proton beams from the HL-LHC. Therefore, the e-p data
acquisitionwouldalternate withthe data acquisitionof the
ALICE experiment in a common multipurpose detector, but
still operate concurrently with the p-... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 1 |
5cdcb1bf-b7dc-4ad1-8dc9-2078688756ea | aratedusingaverticalcrossingbumponthenon-colliding
beam, while the colliding beam is kepton its original colli-
sionorbit. Inordertofurthermaximisethedistancebetween
the two proton beams, asymmetric optics are used on the
twobeamsandtheyarefocuseddowntodifferent 𝛽*values.
Beam 1 is focused down as far as possible, whi... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 1 |
abdae7dd-3e63-4d76-a22b-f080d5d4a5f9 | the size of the symmetric horizontal separation bump (sep)
ofthetwoprotonbeamsandtheverticalcrossingbumpofthe
non-collidingbeam(x). Theparametersfortheperformed
scans are shown in Table 2.
Duringthescans,thecollidingbeamwasfocuseddown
toa𝛽*valueof 0.35mandkeptatthisvalue,whilethenon-
collidingbeamwasmatchedto 𝛽*value... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 1 |
d80fe471-d643-4ea5-9ce9-2a04bcc6929c | Table 2: Parameter list for the optics and orbit scans. All
possible orbit and optics combinations were tested.
Parameter Value Unit
𝛽∗
𝐵10.35 m
𝛽∗
𝐵210 to 70 m
x -300, -325, -350 µrad
sep 3.0, 3.25, 3.5 mm
before and after a symmetry point 𝛽*, can be determined
using:
𝛽(𝑙) = 𝛽∗+𝑙2
𝛽∗. (1)
The minimal valueof... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 1 |
898a9171-007d-4dfe-a37b-7338811844d5 | theminimaldistancebetweenthetwobeamsintheshared
aperturewasrecorded. Theminimaldistancebetweenthe
twoprotonbeamsinthesharedaperture,measuredin 𝜎of
the non-colliding beam is shown in Fig. 5.
Figure5: Minimaldistancebetweenthetwoprotonbeams
in𝜎of the non-colliding beam for different orbit and optics
settings.
During th... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 2 |
e3ef8e76-0694-4df6-88c6-dd503ff95020 | 646𝜎.
Figure 6: Distance between the two proton beams in 𝜎of
the colliding beam in the shared magnet aperture. The blue
line marks the minimal distance of 9𝜎. The labels show
the positions of the proton triplet (black) and the electron
doublet and dipoles (blue).
Low ß* Optics
With3×109electronsperbunchandaproton 𝛽... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 2 |
679f62e9-1e52-49a3-a4ce-cf88d76f27e0 | IP2 were not strong enough to match down to a 𝛽* value of
0.35m. Thisproblemoccurredalreadyinapreviousstudyof
the LHeC [9]. It could be resolved by replacing a matching
quadrupole on each side of IP2. Two 3.4mlong MQM
magnets were replaced by two 4.8mlong MQML magnets,
whichotherwisesharethesamecharacteristics[10]. No... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 2 |
0daeabae-45ac-48e8-9a52-87f437b54e6c | tially embedded in the particle detector, and two focusing
quadrupoleson eachside. Theelectron dipoles areused to
bendthe electrons towardsthecollision and subsequentlyto
separate them from the protons. Their placement implies,
thattheprotonsalsopassthroughthesemagnets. InFig.4
theimpactontheprotonorbitfromthesedipoles... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 2 |
4e42caae-52c3-43af-bb26-301adbc170c0 | thesamemagnetaperture. A 𝛽*of0.35mofthecolliding
protonbeamassuresaluminosityof 1.4×1033cm2s−1. The
new and optimised electron interaction region [4] has been
inserted in this proton lattice and the effect on the proton
beam dynamics has been corrected. This design enables
concurrent operation of the high luminosity e... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 2 |
42ee35b5-62dd-4646-8c8c-a97886116ed5 | REFERENCES
[1]P. Agostini et al., “The Large Hadron–electron Collider at
the HL-LHC,” J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. , vol. 48, no. 11,
p. 110501, 2021. doi:1/zero.alt4.1/zero.alt488/1361-6471/abf3ba
[2]K.D.J.AndréandB.J.Holzer,“Front-to-EndSimulations
oftheEnergyRecoveryLinacfortheLHeCProject,”in Proc.
IPAC’21, Campina... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 3 |
526710d7-277c-4389-8be4-27387c05c65e | tion. Clarendon Press, 2000.
[7]O.Aberle etal.,“High-LuminosityLargeHadronCollider
(HL-LHC): Technical Design Report,” CERN, Tech. Rep.,
2020. doi:1/zero.alt4.23731/CYRM-2/zero.alt42/zero.alt4-/zero.alt4/zero.alt41/zero.alt4
[8]S.Fartoukh,M.Solfaroli,J.C.DePortugal,A.Mereghetti,
A. Poyet, and J. Wenninger,“Achromaticte... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA054.pdf | 3 |
f8a898a5-7beb-4f83-848e-60f72928fcc4 | TRANSITION JUMP SYSTEM OF THE HADRON STORAGE RING OF THE
ELECTRON ION COLLIDER∗
H. Lovelace III†, J. Scott Berg, S. Peggs, S. Polizzo, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize
Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton, NY, USA
Abstract
Matched first order transition crossing in the Relativistic
Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is pe... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 0 |
362230f9-8163-44d3-a6ce-8447cf5fffac | beam loss. The Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) retains the
arcsandmostoftheinsertionregionsofRHIC.Thispaper
discusses the gammatransition crossing of the HSR by the
implementation of a matched first order transition jump.
INTRODUCTION
TheHadronStorageRing(HSR)oftheelectronioncol-
lider (EIC) [1,2] will provide stored beam en... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 0 |
bdbc5522-0ed8-45eb-875e-92946f3e0b44 | The momentum compaction is defined as defined as
𝛼0= ∮𝑑𝑠(𝜂 𝑥/𝜌(𝑥)
,where𝜂(𝑥)isthedispersion, 𝜌isthebendingradius,and 𝐶
isthelatticecircumference. If 𝜂𝑠> 0thebeamisabovetran-
sition. Asthebeamapproachestransitionthesynchrotron
tune slows and momentum spread increases. The adiabatic-
ity condition,
1
𝜔2𝑠∣�... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 0 |
2ba8023e-6dbc-4f94-9f28-2cd92ed89d07 | RFcavityvoltage, 𝛾𝑇isthe transition 𝛾,ℎisthe harmonic
number, and 𝛾′= 𝑑𝛾/𝑑𝑡.
The nonlinear time, 𝑇𝑁𝐿[5], describes the time duration
thatparticleswithinabunchofagivenmomentumspread
starttoexperiencetransitioncrossing. Firstformulatedby
Johnsen [6], it is
𝑇𝑁𝐿= (𝛼1+3
2𝛽2
𝑇)𝛾𝑇
𝛾′𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥
where𝛽𝑇is th... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 0 |
584acb3f-3a9b-48fe-8109-64cda074a888 | maintaining the 𝛽∗
ℎ/𝛽∗𝑣ratio. The 𝛽∗of the 3 RHIC like
straightssectionsis5mforbothplanes. Thecoolingsection
doesnothaveadefinitive 𝛽∗. Thelatticeworkingpointat
transition is 28.228, horizontal and 27.210 vertical.
Figure 1: Transition 𝛽(top)- and 𝜂(bottom)-functions. | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 0 |
bc01d108-89d8-4567-8d84-a54be54a881b | Lattice Transition Parameters
Thenonadiabaticandnonlineartimesforthislatticeare
shown in Tab. 1. The RF voltage and stable phase angle pa-
rameters are taken from the RHIC Au21-100GeV-e0 Au+79
energy ramp. The 𝑇𝑁𝐿is dominant, 𝑇𝑐<< 𝑇𝑁𝐿, due to the
energy ramp rate.
Table 1: Nonadiabaticand nonlinear parameters o... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 1 |
a9c1e806-2e38-4812-97da-52c2f29f6269 | a time dependent transition energy. The time dependent
transitionreducesthedurationoftimethebeamexperiences
transition minimizing the space charge forcesdue to bunch
length contraction. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
(RHIC) [8] uses a first order transition jump scheme [9,
10]. Which uses pairs of doublets in the ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 1 |
f23b8af6-3891-4c1a-ae58-608b0ec77570 | transition jump crossing.
FirstOrderSchemewithReducedNumberofJump
Quadrupoles
In [12], we discuss sensitivities associated with the jump
quadrupole families of the September release of the HSR
220921a that has the same layout as discussed in this pa-
per. Withthenewtransitionoptics,newsensitivitieswere
calculated and s... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 1 |
ed17cf07-2569-4ff2-8885-cc865fe99558 | 𝑞𝐺= 𝑘𝑞𝑄
. The two-knob scheme for the HSR transition lattice is
further optimized to compensate forthe larger 𝛽-functions
at the jump quadrupoles, where the 𝛽-functions exceedthe
modebymorethat10m. Thosejumpquadrupolesstrengths
arereducedbyafactorof 𝛽𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑒/𝛽𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑,where𝛽𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑒isthe
mostfrequent 𝛽-func... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 1 |
6cb3f9a4-ce79-4e6b-8a2f-25196af2bbdf | where the phase, 𝜙, is taken at the jump quadrupole and
the difference of 90∘betweenjump quadrupoles is the opti-
mum. Thephaseadvancesbetweenthejumpquadrupoles
of the HSR are 79∘horizontal and 82∘vertical. Figures 3
and 4 show the 𝛽and𝜂waves generated by exciting the
jump quadrupoles to an integrated normalized str... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 2 |
80ee1ddf-1ecd-49e6-a56b-26554d64a056 | Figure 4: Wave analysis of the transition lattice at Δ𝛾𝑇=
+0.34. Top:𝛽, bottom: 𝜂.
The tune evolution through the jump quadrupole excitation
is shown in Fig. 5. The horizontal spread maximum is 0.05
units and the vertical maximum spread is less than 0.01.
Figure 5: Tune evolution through the excitation of the jump
... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 2 |
07111ac8-b3d7-48bd-bd97-ab6f47589bf9 | 𝛽and𝜂waves to generate that are not locally compensated.
The tune evolution is well within reason.
FUTURE WORK
Further exploration into increasing the phase advance
betweenjumpquadrupoles,exploringhigherverticalinteger
tunes, and increasing the number of jump quadrupoles in
theHSRisunderway. Alternativetransitionjump... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 2 |
4c31bbb5-9d1f-42ea-98a2-b04c63d163a7 | [2]C.Montag etal.,“DesignStatusoftheElectron-IonCollider”,
presented at the IPAC’23,paper MOPA049,this conference.
[3]A.Sørensen,“CrossingThePhaseTransitionInStrongFocus-
ingProtonsynchrotrons,” Part.Accel. ,vol.6,pp.141–165,
1975.
[4]J.-P. Burnet, et al,Fifty years of the CERN Proton Syn-
chrotron: Volume 1 .CERN Yell... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA056.pdf | 2 |
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