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d82255c4-0a01-4ca3-a2f4-db4d6bfee01e | ing the actual operational conditions on daily base. Setup
periodsincludemachinepreparation,beamtuningandion
source service times. Accelerator availability is defined
as the ratio of effective beam-on-target time to the sum of
beam-on-target, setup and failure times, summarized over
all experiments [ 4].
LONG – TERM OP... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 0 |
8d4b111a-38db-4868-ba68-d38f0d61fd05 | tion years, operation was driven by experimental demand
and beamtime scheduling was comparatively continuous.
From 2015 onward, a clear operational shift can be ob-
served. FAIR project activities required longer shutdown
periods, infrastructure access, and coordination with civil
construction. In addition, personnel r... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 0 |
3c81fdab-1b9b-47d8-b19c-669c1d86ead2 | Figure 1: Evolution of GSI accelerators performance (2012
– 2025) based on OLOG – classified operational time.
operation. Asaresult,beamtimeblocksbecameshorter,and
userbeamtimedecreasedinseveralyears. Theaccelerator
complexwasnolongeroperatedasastand-alonefacilitybut
was strongly influenced by the FAIR project.
Another... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 1 |
98046c1d-0651-4b56-a998-ea98ae90f988 | as well as the additional effort required for operating proce-
dures in the new control environment. To mitigate this, a
dedicatedtaskforceteamwasestablishedtoimprovecontrol
systemperformanceandusability[ 5]. Thisledtosystematic
performanceimprovementsandbettercollaborationbetween
operators and control system experts.
... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 1 |
bcb871ab-1d91-47d8-ac76-28687f9a5e5f | mance level. Parallel operation increased, with the accel-
eratorcomplexsupplyingbeamtouptothreeexperiments
simultaneously (parallel factor ≈3). Effective beam-on-
target fractions reached their highest values, while setup
times continued to decrease. This suggests that the accel-
erator complex has successfully adapte... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 1 |
52243be2-d0b7-4372-b2db-fb9e3e32916c | technical origin is given in the following failure statistics
section.
FAILURE STATISTICS
ThefailureanalysisshowsthatdowntimeoftheGSIac-
celeratorcomplexisinfluencedbyacombinationofshort-
termsubsystemeffectsandstructuralweakpointstypicalfor
anageingfacilityoperatedduringanongoingconstruction
phase.
Asignificantimprove... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 1 |
3079da7f-83a8-426d-9cc0-284b855cb27e | cumulative downtime impact over the last five years, fol-
lowed by their yearly ranking (rank 1 = highest impact).
This representation allows the identification of systematic
weakpointswhilereducingtheinfluenceofstochasticyearly
events.
Figure2: Bumpchartofthetoptendowntimecategoriesfor
the period 2020–2025 based on AW... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 1 |
47ac3e0b-4c9b-48c4-9ba3-0881c4a3cb3f | andareusuallylinkedtolocal technicalissuesrather than
long-term structural limitations.
In contrast, the long-term analysis shows a small set of
categories that regularly dominate the downtime. Elec-
tricpowersystems,LINACandLINACRF,infrastructure-
relatedfailures,andthemiscellaneouscategoryformastable
top 5 of the dow... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 1 |
f601d9d8-1dcd-4ffa-992a-1cb96082b259 | as well as a fraction of “unknown” events where the root
causecannotbefullyreconstructedfromlogbookdata. Their
systematichighrankingreflectsthelimitsoftheageingUNI-
LAC equipment and the overall GSI infrastructure, which
areincreasinglychallengedbyweatherconditionsandthe
growing accelerator complex.
Another important a... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 2 |
25206854-7e6f-442f-84d0-eb99c5dde216 | LAC HF gallery fire, which led to an early termination of
beamtimeandhighlightedthestrongpropagationofinjector-
related failures through the entire accelerator chain.
Overall, the statistics show that downtime is not driven
by more major failures, but mainly by many recurring inter-
ruptionsinageingcoresubsystems. Dist... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 2 |
bee1f532-67b9-43b6-9273-fb8046fc4964 | tor complex during the FAIR construction phase provides
several key lessons relevant for large accelerator facilities
operated under transition conditions.
First, availability figures alone are not sufficient to as-
sess the reliability state of a complex accelerator chain.
Stable global availability can hide continuou... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 2 |
34dee6ab-a8ff-4827-b8d1-63737f6131dd | able identification of dominant downtime drivers over many
years. Withoutsuchstructureddataconsolidation,long-term
statistics remain biased by inconsistent logging practices.
Another important lesson concerns the limitations of the
current failure documentation. As mentioned above, the
miscellaneous category includes a... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 2 |
a6f9445d-7ac8-495e-b7bb-30a7e70cd7f8 | anavailabilityperspective. Failuresininjector-relatedsub-
systems propagate through the entire accelerator complex
and can dominate global downtime, as illustrated by the
prematureterminationofbeamtimeaftertheUNILACHF
gallery incident in 2018. Ensuring high reliability of age-
ing injector and infrastructure systems is... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 2 |
dea854c3-e81a-4f6c-be55-0751f2f004fb | from 2012 to 2025 during the FAIR construction phase.
Theresultsshowthatglobalavailabilityremainedatasta-
bleandpartlyimprovedleveldespiteageinginfrastructure,
shortened beamtime windows, and increasing construction-
related constraints.
The systematic evaluation of AWG-reclassified failure
data reveals that downtime i... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 2 |
da63bbef-a281-420e-9d8f-258212c0cf50 | complex and directly impact global beam delivery.
REFERENCES
[1]U. Scheeler, W. A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu, H. Vormann, M.
Vossberg, and S. Yaramyshev, “Recent UNILAC Upgrade Ac-
tivities”, in Proc. HIAT’22 , Darmstadt, Germany, Jun.–Jul.
2022, pp. 166–169.
doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-HIAT2/zero.alt422-TH3C3
[2]P.Schuett ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 2 |
007bd5b4-e9b6-420c-b638-bdb9e12d8faa | [5]A. Schaller, “Full Stack Performance Optimizations for FAIR
Operation”, Unpublished.17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6127
MC6.T22: Reliability, Operability 2839WEP: Poster session WEP6127
Con... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 2 |
7c5f3896-271e-495e-b990-2263a4ca031e | [6]S. Reimann et al., “FAIR commissioning - Towards first
science”, in Proc. IPAC’25 , Taipei, Taiwan, Jun. 2025, pp.
2495–2498. doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-IPAC2/zero.alt425-THBN2
[7]W.Barthetal.,“Heavyionlinacasahighcurrentprotonbeam
injector”, Phys.Rev.STAccel.Beams ,vol.18,p.050102,2015.
doi:1/zero.alt4.11/zero.alt... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 3 |
ed02d7ca-5f05-4a49-aacd-9d0054964cc5 | ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6127
2840 MC6.T22: Reliability, OperabilityWEP6127 WEP: Poster session
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 licence (© 2026). Any distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s), title of the work... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6127.pdf | 3 |
345ced44-10b4-4df7-814e-141f3c48e916 | ASSET MANAGEMENT WORKFLOWS FOR cSTART USING SNIPE-IT
E. Blomley∗, J. Gethmann, J. Natal, R. Ruprecht, M. Schuh, J. L. Steinmann, A.-S. Mueller
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
Abstract
The cSTART project at the Institute for Beam Physics
and Technology (IBPT) at the Karlsruhe Institute of Tech-
nol... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 0 |
a1125963-69e6-4957-9300-05727b99ffb6 | references to other data sources, which provide the more
technical information such as CAD drawings, cable routing,
anddevicedocumentation. Inaddition,italsoallowstotrack
componentspecificinformation. Thiscontributiondescribes
the established workflows, status, and lessons learned us-
ing a generic IT asset management ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 0 |
2016d8ef-c9af-44dd-bad5-b0cfb76fba68 | introducinghundredsofcomponentswithdistinctlife‑cycle-
demands. Over the years, documentation and tracking have
been carried out with heterogeneous tools and inconsis-
tent naming conventions, creating gaps that hinder efficient
hardware and software deployment across all IBPT sites.
By adopting Snipe‑IT [ 3] — an open... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 0 |
a64bfd53-aff9-4967-8c55-38bc12f64c6f | FEATURES
Snipe-ITprovidesamodernandflexiblesetoffeatures,
somemakethetoolespeciallyinterestingforadaptationin
this context.
∗edmund.blomley@kit.eduCustom Fields
Customfieldsletthedatabasedesignercreateanyamount
of user‑defined data columns, which can be grouped into
field-sets,foranyassettype,enablingstorageofmetadata
... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 0 |
65b40d5a-03bb-417b-9b5c-ca516739ecdb | requiretoadheretoaregexexpressionwhichisusefulfor
defining fields related to naming conventions.
Encoder
Motor StageMotor Motor
Controller
Motor AxisCabinet
Asset Location Checked-out to
Figure1: Asset-to-asset-to-locationcheckoutexample. Us-
ingthebuilt-incheckoutsystemtorepresenttheactualdevice
setup while each comp... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 0 |
c3edbf1d-fec0-4ae5-b247-52f92b976002 | the creation of association chains that reflect the physical
layout of an accelerator. For example, a motor encoder and
motor can be checked out to a motor stage, which in turn
is checked out to the motor axis, and finally to the motor
controller — each element remains a fully fledged asset
withitsowncustomfields. Cabi... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 0 |
13c6e3a2-4b54-4bb6-80d3-866604d79410 | New Device Initial QA
Placeholder Registered Model
Design
Model
AdjustmentsNew Asset
Existing Device Existing AssetAdd QR
QRSerial numberFurther integrationFigure 3: Workflow for cSTART device to database integration. Over the next months more and more devices for the
cSTART storage ring will arrive. During the initial... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 1 |
e57f68f5-c6a8-449c-868c-5420eb193759 | database, leading to a steady increase of tracked assets across cSTART and the existing accelerators.
Because checkout is a built‑in Snipe‑IT capability, these
relationships are automatically recorded, searchable, and
require no additional custom‑field configuration.
Label Engine
The label engine is the third key featu... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 1 |
101a369a-ef68-45fc-96ed-72432774d87a | Maintenance Logs
Althoughnotaprimaryselectioncriterion,Snipe‑ITen-
ablesthecreationofregularauditschedulesandthelogging
ofmaintenanceactionsforeachasset,deliveringtraceable
histories with minimal overhead.
ADAPTATION
The adoption of Snipe‑IT aims to establish a single au-
thoritative source for all components and their... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 1 |
b45bea9d-6d6b-4498-9d51-5dffa04538d3 | The Role of cSTART
Keyevents,whichalreadystartedhappening,arethear-
rival of new components for the upcoming KIT accelerator
facilities LPA and cSTART including the VLA-cSR and
theFLUTEinjectionline,whichwillconnecttheelectron
source FLUTE with the VLA-cSR. These new componentsundergovariousinspectionsandtestson-siteas... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 1 |
e8bc5c85-f8ee-4007-94ec-a150fa881697 | FLUTE and use the opportunity to add those devices into
the database as well. The bulk of cSTART components
aretypicaldevicesassociatedwithstoragerings: magnets,
power supplies, and beam diagnostics. The timescale of the
arrivalof LPAand cSTARTcomponents is overthe nextsix
to twelve months. A visual presentation of thi... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 1 |
19155883-c202-4a57-8b59-77284dfa0766 | every network‑connected device, it presents an ideal op-
portunity to registereach serviced component in the asset
database as it is updated.
Reconstruction of FLUTE
DuetoconstructionrestraintstheFLUTEacceleratoris
fullyremovedfrom itslocation, but will be set upagainto-
wards the end of the cSTART build-up phase, prov... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 1 |
5c3e147f-2a99-42d7-80d9-5eb5352b7565 | Schedule
Figure4shows the plan of the graduate integration of
devices into the asset database over the next 12 months.
06/26 09/26 12/26 03/27 06/27cSTART constructionLPA setupFLUTE rebuilt
Network restructering
Figure 4: Adaptation schedule. Various events over the next
12monthsrequiringtoworkwithspecificgroupsofdevic... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 2 |
d47a20eb-a1d0-488c-ae62-495d7194bf24 | nalsources(seeTable 1). Aftertheinitialadoptionphase,we
mightreevaluatetheoptionalmigrationofselecteddatainto
Snipe‑IT if the user community finds it beneficial, avoiding
the forced consolidation pitfalls of past approaches.
Table 1: LinkedExistingData Sources
Data source Description
Charm++ Network database with integ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 2 |
d7077206-4e65-4486-a589-db9bb1d8f41a | oftheBPMdevicesforKARA,astheyareconsideredsimilar
devices.
While we will continue to add cSTARTdevicesas they
arrive, we will focus on integrating all LPA related devices,
whicharemostlyon-sitealready,andprepareforthenetwork
restructuringprocess,whichwillleadtoahighnumberof
devicesbeingadded. Again,tobenon-blocking,als... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 2 |
f3197361-f165-4bed-9d16-fb43581a1358 | take some time and require considerate effort to integrate
all devices and consolidate the scattered information, we
are confident that this will be a worthwhile effort. Figure 5
shows a glimpse of the currently registered and modeled
assets.
Future work will leverage the REST API to harmonize
data sources, synchronize... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 2 |
a5344457-4886-4845-bebd-bb9d278c0117 | data;Modeled – devices havea complete asset model with
all custom fields; Placeholder – pre‑printed labels awaiting
attachment on arrival.
REFERENCES
[1]R. Ruprecht et al., “cSTART – Status on the compact electron
STorage ring for non-equilibrium Accelerator Research and
Technology”, presented at the IPAC’26, Deauville... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 2 |
a6af7b94-bcbb-4566-91cb-1d696bd58301 | [4]J. Leeet al., “Cost-effective asset management for accelerator
control systems: design and implementation for the ALS-U
controlssystem”, in Proc.IPAC’24,Nashville, TN,May2024,
pp. 3289-3291. doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-IPAC2/zero.alt424-THPG1817th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACo... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6130.pdf | 2 |
bb2a982a-5cad-4f9b-84f6-06f3480891c5 | ON-THE-FLY SCANNING: IMPROVING SCAN TIME OF XAFS AT
BM08-XAFS/XRF BEAMLINE
M. Alzubi1,2, A. Mohammad1, A. Abbadi1, N. Al-Bess2, M. Abugharbiyeh1,
A. Al-Dalleh1, A. Aljadaa1, L. U. Khan1, Y. Momani1, M. Harfouche1
1Synchrotron-Light for Experimental Science and Applications
in the Middle East (SESAME), Allan, Jordan
2Pr... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 0 |
5d68c435-baeb-4bc7-98e7-0c6c7f028ecb | the energy-angle mapping is linearly approximated to main-
tain accuracy within acceptable margins. The method
then integrates the position encoding of the Double Crystal
Monochromator (DCM) Bragg angle with the synchronous
triggering of multiple detectors, including ionization cham-
bers (ICs) and a KETEK SSD detector... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 0 |
d490c4e4-7529-41a2-8865-4e4041e8111d | where the DCM moves to an energy point, waits for the
mechanics to settle, collects data, then moves on to the next
point. This stop-and-go cycle works reliably, but it wastes a
lotof time. Foratypical XAFSscan spanning hundredsof
energypoints,thesettlingdelaysadduptoasignificantfrac-
tionofthetotalbeamtimetimethatcoul... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 0 |
7ef48ad7-2ae0-47b2-bded-f8bf63dd61b9 | BM29 beamline [ 2], the QXAS mode at Diamond B18 [ 3],
the SuperXAS beamline at the SLS [ 4], and the general
XAFS beamline at SSRF [ 5] in order to reduce acquisition
times from tens of minutes to a few seconds while maintain-
ing data quality comparable to stepscanning. Continuouson-the-fly scanning can in some few c... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 0 |
14529364-70e3-4bbd-9044-1615465d3f5a | cific encoder positions, and a time-based mode, where trig-
gersaregeneratedatfixedtimeintervals. Bothmodesrelyon
a PandABox timing module to synchronize all participating
subsystems.
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Beamline Control Infrastructure
The BM08 DAQ system is built on top of the EPICS
controlsystemandincludesamodularPyt... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 0 |
bd675eae-57f5-49a7-8bfb-898c142d5e09 | FPGA-based timing and position-capture module [ 11]. The
module reads the Bragg-angle encoder in real time and con-
tinuouslytrackingofthepositionduringmotion. Depending
ontheselectedscanmode,itgenerateshardwaregatesignals
totriggeralldetectorssimultaneously,eitherwhentheen-
coderreachespredefined angularpositionsor at... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 0 |
418061d8-340f-4c5e-8803-40ba6db13d34 | ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6131
2844 MC6.T22: Reliability, OperabilityWEP6131 WEP: Poster session
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 licence (© 2026). Any distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s), title of the work... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 0 |
f9f98f88-c0f6-46a5-9656-04153a843197 | Figure1: On-the-flyscanningsystematBM08(architecture
and pipeline).
CONTINUOUSSCANIMPLEMENTATIONS
Position-Based Continuous Scan
Inthismode,PandABoxgeneratesatriggereverytimethe
Bragg angle encoder reaches a pre-calculated position. The
main challenge is the nonlinearity between Bragg angle and
photonenergy,thatmeansun... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 1 |
c7590dea-bcef-464f-b1f8-6194f841cd7a | defined settings such as exposure time and step size, to-
getherwiththelinear-segmentapproximation,andloaded
intothelookuptableofPandABoxsegmentbysegmentto
avoid table overloading. The implementation is available
inlinearIntervals.py andengScanContPos.py inthe
open-source scan tool [ 10].Themainadvantageofthismodeistha... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 1 |
95327619-4cd5-40bc-8b89-441a88bb9f94 | formtimesamplingispreferredoveruniformenergysam-
pling. However, any variation in DCM speed during the
scan results in non-uniform energy spacing between data
points [11].
PERFORMANCE RESULTS
Weperformedthe samescanusingthethreeacquisition
modesand compared the total scan time foreach. Table 1
summarises the results of... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 1 |
625630c7-8b59-400e-aab9-d95136830650 | andposition-basedcontinuousmodes. Thetwospectraover-
lap closely across the XANES region, the EXAFS oscil-
lations, and the Fourier transform, indicating that the con-
tinuousmodeintroducesnomeasurableartifacts. Figure 4
presentsthesamecomparisonfortheNiK-edgeusingthe
time-based mode.
CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS
The spe... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 1 |
61f9399d-65c4-47bd-bca5-b6a592bbc42f | a timing mismatchthat introduces latency between the two
subsystems. Moreover,theminimumintegrationtimesup-
portedbytheADCis 0.7s,limitingtheachievableenergy
resolution during fast continuous scans.17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 1 |
a6b65e44-1be5-4f3a-b047-a206b26df744 | Figure 2: PandABox internal block configuration for the continuous scan system at BM08. The input encoder block
(INENC1)readsthe DCMBragg anglein realtime. Twosequencerblocks(SEQ1,SEQ2) generatethetriggersequences
fortheposition-basedandtime-basedscanmodesrespectively. Pulse,counter,clock,andlookuptable(LUT)blockshandl... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 2 |
2bbec9b9-dd49-4062-9b7e-e9a9c687f028 | pointI/Ointroduceslatencythatpartiallyreducesthetime
savings gained from continuous motion.
CONCLUSION
Wehavesuccessfullyimplementedon-the-flyscanningat
the BM08-XAFS/XRF beamline of SESAME Synchrotron.
In addition to step scanning and mapping scan, this offers
two continuous scan modes, position-based and time-based.
... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 2 |
cdb785b6-d5f9-4bce-ad15-ddd37bfd5643 | position-basedmodegoesastepfurtherbyusingapiecewise-
linearfittingalgorithmtoensureaccurateenergyassignment
evenacross wide scan ranges. Knownlimitations, the 0.7s
ADCintegrationfloorandper-pointdatawritingarebeing
addressedinfuturework. Thescantool,PandABoxsettings
and other related modules are open source and availab... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 2 |
c712e56b-914e-4d80-bf4f-1d528601aafc | REFERENCES
[1]M. Harfouche et al., “Emergence of the first XAFS/XRF
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[2]C.Prestipino etal.,“Quick-EXAFSimplementationonthe
general purpose EXAFS beamline at ESRF”,... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 3 |
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[5]Y.Zhouetal.,“AnewQEXAFSsystemonthegeneralXAFS
beamline at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility”, J.
Synchrotron Rad. , vol. 29, pp. 1461–1468, 2022.
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325adf8c-8c60-4018-8959-b744a7f33d38 | “Data Acquisition in SESAME Synchrotron”, Synchrotron
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at SESAME: Performance and First User Experiments”, J.
Phys.: Conf. Ser. , ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 3 |
218960e3-7ad7-499b-8563-1465d584ff75 | ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6131
MC6.T22: Reliability, Operability 2847WEP: Poster session WEP6131
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 licence (© 2026). Any distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s), title of the work... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6131.pdf | 3 |
3455357f-d3e0-41fe-9b6d-52e979637f1b | CHARACTERIZATION OF BEAM LOSS AT MAX IV
IN-VACUUM INSERTION DEVICES
M. Muradi∗, M. Holz, H. Tarawneh, MAX IV Laboratory, Lund, Sweden
Abstract
Four Libera Beam Loss Monitors (BLMs) were installed
downstreamoffourconsecutivein-vacuumundulators(IVU)
at the MAX IV 3GeVstorage ring in order to survey beam
losses under vari... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 0 |
dc45598f-4e76-4afa-8809-e38698aa1ef6 | loss rates, while sudden beam dumps produce almost no de-
tectable signal at the BLM locations. Top-up injections
exhibit consistent and repeatable loss patterns, providing
ausefulbenchmarkforroutineoperation. Alleventswere
studiedwithinsertiondevicegapsbothclosedandopen;a
significantdecreaseindetectedlosseswasobserved... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 0 |
c3f10729-c3b2-4899-81b4-535d047ef894 | ness by operating with very small magnetic gaps down to
4.5mm(ca.2.25mm distance magnet-beam) [ 2]. The com-
binationofsmallmagneticgapsandthein-vacuumdesign
means that the undulator magnets are directly exposed to
the electron beam and thus are particularly susceptible to
localized beam losses that may result in demag... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 0 |
35757543-a609-4b52-8e67-a3b43d99bb51 | the stored beam and helps ensure safe operation of the inser-
tion devices.
∗mostafa.muradi@maxiv.lu.se
Figure 1: The four Libera BLMs mounted downstream of
each observed IVU.
In this work, four beam loss monitors (BLMs) were in-
stalledattheexitpointoffourconsecutiveIVUsintheMAX
IV3GeVstoragering. Thepurposeofthestudy... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 0 |
0ba044ad-ebae-49f4-9e55-40b6c12c599a | lines,seeFig. 1. ThePMToutputsignalconsistsofunipolar
pulses with negative polarity, corresponding to individual
loss events [ 3].
TheLiberaBLMcontinuouslysamplesthedetectorsig-
nal with high time resolution ( 8ns) and processes it using
configurablethresholdlogic. Incountingmode,individual
pulsesthatexceedapredefinedt... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 0 |
d569916f-b151-4a53-85ef-7f32449df625 | and routine top-up operation. In addition, dedicated tests
were carried out to evaluate the influence of RF and tune
variations, as well as the effect of individual insertion de-
viceconfigurations. Forallmeasurements, the BLMsignals
were analyzed in terms of peak loss rates and, where rel-
evant, accumulated losses ov... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 0 |
5d9081dd-6655-47bb-9073-cecf40d60cb6 | Table 1: Peak loss rates 𝐿𝑅𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘and accumulated loss 𝐴𝐿
for both, all insertion devices open (o) and closed (c). Units
are in million counts.
IVU 𝐿𝑅𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘,𝑜 𝐴𝐿𝑜𝐿𝑅𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘,𝑐𝐴𝐿𝑐
ForMAX 0.1281/s 57.12 0.1581/s 52.9
CoSAXS 0.0211/s 7.93 0.0531/s 16.7
BioMAX 0.0401/s 15.67 0.1681/s 51.9
MicroMAX 0.0161/... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 1 |
577f76cb-ba60-4c17-a446-c64877098746 | rate.
Full Injection
Beam losses during full injection from zero to nominal
currentat 400mAwerestudiedforthecaseswithallinser-
tiondevicesopen,and allclosed. As areferencevalue,the
baseline loss rates at these IVUs under nominal operation is
intheorderof 5×103countspersecond. Thelosssignals
are displayed in Fig. 2and s... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 1 |
a02af71d-300d-45a9-ae80-ce53fa6881c1 | aperture during injection.
Time in [s]0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 4500123456Loss Rate in [Counts/s]×105 Scrape-Down with open IDs
ForMAX
CoSAXS
BioMAX
MicroMAX
Time in [s]0 10 20 30 40 50 60 7000.511.522.533.54Loss Rate in [Counts/s]×106 Scrape-Down with closed IDs
ForMAX
CoSAXS
BioMAX
MicroMAXFigure3: Beamlosssig... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 1 |
98e0bb30-34ca-411d-8e10-fcaadaf1261d | collimationsystemthatblockshaloparticles. Additionally,
there is no implementation of local optics compensations
andthus,nocompensationsofbeta-beats. Thetunefeedback
isaglobalfeedbacksysteminthering. Theconnectionto
the ring acceptance can be seen in the injection rate. Beam
losses with closed IDs reduce while the inje... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 1 |
d153b416-d70e-4d77-8771-5a1db82add66 | orderof4×103countspersecond,withthe notableexcep-
tion of the BLM at the ForMAX IVU, exhibiting a peak
lossrateofca. 6×105countspersecond. Whilescraping
down a beam with closed ID gaps, the loss characteristics17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 1 |
93225e36-790d-44f5-a73d-81ee33383c64 | at the ForMAX IVU remains unchanged, but the BLM at
BioMAX IVU situated two achromats downstream records
similarly high loss rates. It shall be noted that the scrape-
down procedure with open gaps took ten times as long, as a
morecarefulapproachwaschosen. Thishoweverresulted
inasignificantlyhighertotallossattheForMAXIV... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 2 |
1fc435af-5cdf-48db-90f2-bcb4ebd19b9a | ratesduringtop-upareintherangeof 1×103to1.5×104
countspersecond,soonlymarginallylargerthanthetypical
baseline losses. With a typical duration of approximately
10sper injection, the accumulated losses are comparatively
small as well.
Influence of Individual Insertion Devices
A dedicated study was performed to investigat... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 2 |
72ce9876-9cb8-4478-83e0-32ea14c819eb | we are mainly dealing with effects of dynamic aperture. Al-
thoughclosingindividualIVUs increasesoveralllosslevels,
theresponseofthedetectorshintstowardsacorrelationin
loss patterns between different sections of the machine, but
this is not yet conclusive and has to be investigated further.
Comparison of Loss Character... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 2 |
1c0dd65f-1f3c-480e-ace7-5041ec3b591c | counts per second and minimal accumulated losses.
Overall,scrape-downsdominatepeaklossbehavior,while
injection processes dominate accumulated losses. Both
cases, however, are heavily influenced by their duration.
Forinjections,themaincontributingfactorisinjectionef-
ficiency, which depends both on the ring acceptance, ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 2 |
815616e3-c413-43a9-aa41-b9dc474ad9c7 | eitherpeaklossratesoraccumulatedlosseswereobserved
for both RF adjustments and positive or negative tune shifts.
Thelosssignalsremainedatbaselinelevelswithonlyminor
fluctuations comparable to background noise. These results
indicatethatRFandtunevariationsduringnominalopera-
tionsdonotcontributesignificantlytolocalizedb... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 2 |
1aaaab49-06d9-4e8c-8bd2-f6cb228e3236 | of the machine in the absence of an active tune feedback.
Takingintoaccounttheaccumulatedlosses,longerpro-
cesses, such as injection, contribute substantially over time,
whereas scrape-downs with closed gaps produce the high-
est instantaneous losses. These results provide a baseline
understandingoflossbehaviornearIVUs... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 2 |
cce80143-0a20-4d41-acf1-c8b535696e17 | doi:1/zero.alt4.11/zero.alt47/S16/zero.alt4/zero.alt4577518/zero.alt4/zero.alt48111
[2]MAXIVLaboratory,“Insertiondevicesatmaxiv,technical
overview”, https : / / www . maxiv . lu . se / beamlines -
accelerators/technology/insertion-devices/ , On-
line resource, accessed Mar.2026, 2024,
[3]Instrumentation Technologies d.... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6132.pdf | 2 |
4e9e0259-d8e8-4a6a-a547-06eeb8667a3b | ONLINE PERFORMANCE MONITORING AND EARLY FAULT
DETECTION FOR THE B-TRAIN REAL-TIME SYSTEMS AT CERN
K. Diamantis∗, M. Bonora-Tam, M. Buzio, V. di Capua, D. Giloteaux, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
Abstract
At CERN, B-Train systems provide real-time magnetic
fieldinformation to the RF andother subsystemswith high
precision an... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 0 |
401cf1ab-72b3-4351-916a-661598ff7d2e | internal errors due e.g. to integrator drift or field marker
degradation,applythenecessarycorrections,orflagsystems
forintervention. Weexpectittoenhancecompliancewith
evolving operational standards and future large-scale ap-
plications requiring automated self-diagnostics and remote
maintenance.
INTRODUCTION
AtCERN,six... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 0 |
d51c0c85-bece-4396-a484-84db9431d0e9 | ger on each cycle at a preset value, usually just before injec-
tion, to reset the integration and minimize the accumulation
of drift due to parasitic currents or localized thermoelectric
effects [2]. Eachsystemiscomposedof aredundantpair of
acquisition chains, the operational (OP) and the spare (SP),
designed to provi... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 0 |
c359dd59-f8ea-4ac5-87a2-b37222321ed4 | simplest cases, the Proton Synchrotron (PS) and Extra Low
ENergy Antiproton (ELENA) rings, this corresponds to the
physical gap of a reference magnet hosting sensors for both
the OP and SP chains. In the Super Proton Synchrotron
∗konstantinos.diamantis@cern.ch(SPS), two dipoles of different types are connected in serie... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 0 |
9240277a-9128-40e8-8262-2d685eceb6fa | powered in series but independently, to generate identical
fields despite different saturation characteristics.
BTRAIN MONITORING FRAMEWORK
The monitoring framework is organized into six hierar-
chical levels, shown in Fig. 1. Levels 0 to 4 are per-cycle
diagnosticsignals computedin real-time, generatingwarn-
ings when... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 0 |
1170cc3a-7a49-48ae-9f17-6ce2517998cf | handlesredundancybyevaluatingtheconsistencyofOPand
SP chains, and Level 4 evaluates consistency across logical
magnetgaps. InLevel5asubsetofthecomputedmetricsis
storedaccordingtoatieredretentionpolicyforoff-lineeval-
uation of historicaltrends, correlations and discontinuities,
either automatically or on-demand, with o... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 0 |
2024fe58-ae3f-4c24-b788-4eb7ae8357ed | the timing system, which distributes trigger pulses across
the accelerator complex [ 3,4]. In our implementation, data
aregatheredforeverytriggeredeventandthendistributed
through CERN’s control middleware (CMW).17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 0 |
4f3157c3-302c-4fb2-8643-62473846d6da | Level 4
Level 3
Level 2
Level 1
Sensor Output V oltages
Vcoil(t), V NMR(t),
VFMR(t)External Signals
I(t), Bsim(t), Bsynth(t),
temperature
Signal & Hardware Integrity
Vcoil(t), V NMR(t),
VFMR(t)Internal Chain Consistency
Bmeas(t) - B sim(t),
Bmeas(t) / I(t)
Measurement Quality
Bmeas (t), B dot(t),
tmarkerRedundant... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 1 |
218a7972-9d68-4ae1-9c5c-f32ea05bd819 | Bmeas(t) - B sim(t),
Bmeas(t) / I(t)
Measurement Quality
Bmeas (t), B dot(t),
tmarker
Signal & Hardware Integrity
Vcoil(t), V NMR(t),
VFMR(t)Internal Chain Consistency
Bmeas(t) - B sim(t),
Bmeas(t) / I(t)
Measurement Quality
Bmeas (t), B dot(t),
tmarker
Operational Chain
(OP)Spare Chain
(SP)
Logical Magnet -
G... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 1 |
24e8ff57-12ef-43cd-b6c1-bf61fa53f792 | by different FECs i.e. by different acquisition chains, which
is crucial for Level 3 and 4 diagnostics. The framework
providesfunctionsforgroupingthesynchronizeddatabased
on timing events, data processing and publishing the results
to different clients.
WRAP & NXCALS
The CERN Web Rapid Application Platform (WRAP)
is ut... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 1 |
11854dbe-7e34-419d-ab3e-a3e2d65afe43 | Level 5 diagnostics by executing scheduled Python-based
analysisscriptsthat feedstatusupdates tothe same WRAP
instance. Thisvisualizationstrategywillhelpidentifyper-
formance anomalies and track long-term drifts.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
WedemonstratetheprototypeimplementationoftheB-
Trainmonitoringframeworkfocusingonthe... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 1 |
081ae294-9afc-44e5-8cbe-f067cb0f32ef | minimum is slightly negative, due to a small power
converter undershoot.
•The marker trigger state, i.e. a boolean value that
indicates whether the FMR marker’s output voltage
𝑉FMRcrosses the negative detection threshold ̄𝑉FMR=
−0.15V. Sporadic misses (such as in the example
shown,where 90%ofthecyclesintheanalysiswin... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 1 |
553b90d5-5aaf-489e-890f-443611f7dcd5 | the threshold, which suggests that the cause of missed
triggers is not related to signal levels.17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6136
2852 MC6.T22: Reliability, OperabilityWEP6136 WEP: Poster se... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 1 |
f4b45140-02e9-44b9-a203-75434dfba0d5 | Figure2: WRAPDashboardforPSBRings2and3. Displaysthelastplayedcyclemetrics, includingtiming, magnetic
fields, power converter current, field corrections applied during last 50 cycles and Ring 3 FMR signal. Additional real-time
analytics are accessible via supplementary Dashboards of the same WRAP instance.
Table 1: Exam... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 2 |
8aabe2c9-3022-4d9c-85a0-ff7f76ee6205 | **Considering onlyTOF cycles(interleavedZEROcyclesexcluded)
•The cycle time at which the R2 marker trigger is re-
ceived,𝑡0,R2. This is stable as expected, within the
sampling interval tolerance.
•Fieldcorrection,i.e. thedifferencebetweentherunning
integral at the time of a marker trigger 𝐵(𝑡0)and the
marker preset ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 2 |
5e39bf8f-150a-4939-8f97-7f0edce61422 | We developed a scalable, multi-level diagnostic and mon-
itoringsoftwareframeworkforCERNB-Trainsystems. It
represents a radical shift from reactive interventions to a
preemptive approach toward the automatic detection of sub-
tle, progressivesystemdegradation as wellas faultsrequir-
ing urgent attention. By leveraging ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 2 |
35a5be39-9ef7-4530-8318-5e079f49cd70 | ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6136
MC6.T22: Reliability, Operability 2853WEP: Poster session WEP6136
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 licence (© 2026). Any distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s), title of the work... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 2 |
e3e8aa82-1375-48a6-a8fd-75a6c2ac48a0 | ment systems”, in Proc. IPAC’10 , Kyoto, Japan, May 2010,
paperMOPEB016,pp.310–312. http://accelconf.web.
cern.ch/IPAC1/zero.alt4/papers/MOPEB/zero.alt416.pdf
[2]C.Grech,M.Buzio,andN.Sammut,“Amagneticmeasure-
mentmodelforreal-timecontrolofsynchrotrons”, IEEETrans.
Instrum. Meas. , vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 393–400, 2020.
doi... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 3 |
cfbbe2a9-7130-4d7c-b33e-af6b9f46d7d0 | Saskatoon,Canada,Oct.2010,paperWECOAA03,pp.22–26.
https://jacow.org/pcapac2/zero.alt41/zero.alt4/papers/WECOAA/zero.alt43.
pdf
[5]L. Cseppentő and M. Büttner, “UCAP: a framework for
accelerator controls data processing at CERN”, in Proc.ICALEPCS’21 , Shanghai, China, pp. 230–235, Mar. 2022.
doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 3 |
4e2f365d-297b-4eb5-a067-d28910f74b24 | 2025. doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2/zero.alt425-THPD/zero.alt477
[8]J. P.Wozniakand C. Roderick, “NXCALS - architectureand
challengesoftheNextCERNAcceleratorLoggingService”,
inProc. ICALEPCS’19 , New York, NY, USA, pp. 1465–1469,
Aug. 2020.
doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2/zero.alt419-WEPHA16317th Internat... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6136.pdf | 3 |
b3134a89-a02b-4d83-b69b-e645c35ef121 | A BEAM ABORT SYSTEM FOR THE DIAMOND -II STORAGE RING
H. Ghasem ,† I.P.S. Martin, A. Potter, Diamond Light Source, Oxfordshire , UK
W. Shields, Royal Holloway , University of London, Egham, UK
Abstract
Due to the high energy density of the Diamond- II low -
emittance electron beam, the risk of damage to storag... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6138.pdf | 0 |
190e4eb5-1117-4c5f-8333-9112f2dbf13a | INTRODUCTION
The Diamond -II upgrade is a 3.5 GeV light source facil-
ity with 162 pm natural emittance and 300 mA average cur-
rent. It will generat e high brightness synchrotron radiation
for users across a range of disciplines [1]. Due to the high
energy density of the electron beam, a beam abort sys-
tem h... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6138.pdf | 0 |
86b27884-9d76-424a-baf9-d5f43dc10a94 | currents above 10 mA . Injection above this current will
only be enabled if all beam abort system components indi-
cate they are ‘ready to fire’. The need for an additional
beam -instability interlock is also under consideration. If a
manual beam dump is requested, the multi -bunch feedback
system will be set to f... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6138.pdf | 0 |
19dc199f-53ea-4bdc-b78d-849289d596d3 | ers and one 400 mm long vertical kicker. The beam dumps
are located downstream of the kickers and consist of a main taper ed section with a length of 97 cm and a 10 cm flat
section at the downstream end. The horizontal gap changes
from ±10 mm at the beginning of the main body to ±5 mm
at the flat section . The... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6138.pdf | 0 |
b2788159-89a6-4165-8613-8f0d685edbe5 | Several waveform shapes and kick angles have been in-
vestigated for the kickers to spread the individual electron
bunches along the le ngth of the BD as evenly as possible .
The results of this study indicated that t he optimum wave-
form for the horizontal kickers is a linear rise as a function
of time, inc... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6138.pdf | 0 |
ece2291f-1e65-4fc4-90f7-1beda9c73f2f | TRACKING RESULTS
The Elegant simulation code [2] was used to track all 934
bunches through the Diamond- II storage ring, including
the effects of the beam abort system. Each of the tracked
bunches contained 400 macroparticles, and the bunch sep-
aration was set to 2 ns.
_________________________________________... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6138.pdf | 0 |
2c2876d7-bd71-4e06-9f3d-1ad2de36eca8 | Figure 2: Variation of the horizontal and vertical kicker
magnet angle s as a function of time .
For the optimised waveforms, a ll the particles were
found to be lost within two turns. 83.7% of the lost parti-
cles were lost in the beam dumps (27% in K23 and 56.7%
in K24), 8% of the losses were lost on the... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6138.pdf | 1 |
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