task stringlengths 0 154k | __index_level_0__ int64 0 39.2k |
|---|---|
Almost Sorted
Description:
In this sorting algorithm, some elements get sorted sooner
than others. Given an array, and an element $Q$, it is your task to determine the
state of the array when element $Q$ is first sorted.
## Input
Input begins with a line containing a single
integer $n$, the
length of... | 26,200 |
Almost Union-Find
Description:
I hope you know the beautiful Union-Find structure. In this
problem, you’re to implement something similar, but not
identical. The data structure you need to write is also a
collection of disjoint sets, supporting 3 operations:
Union the sets containing $p$ and $q$. If $p$ a... | 26,201 |
Alphabet
Description:
A string of lowercase letters is called alphabetical if some
of the letters can be deleted so that the only letters that
remain are the letters from ‘a’ to ‘z’ in order. Given a string
$s$, determine the minimum
number of letters to add anywhere in the string to make it
alphab... | 26,202 |
Alphabet Animals
Description:
Given the last animal name said before your turn and a list
of all names not yet used, can you make it through this turn?
If so, can you make sure to eliminate the next player?
## Input
The first line of input contains a single word, the animal
that the previous player just ... | 26,203 |
Alphabet Spam
Description:
A very simple and fast spam detection mechanism is based on
the ratios between whitespace characters, lowercase letters,
uppercase letters, and symbols. Symbols are defined as
characters that do not fall in one of the first three
groups.
## Input
The input consists of:
* o... | 26,204 |
Alphabetical Aristocrats
Description:
It is the year 1830 of our Lord, 15 years after the Kingdom
of the Netherlands gained independence from its French
oppressors. You are secretary of state and aide to his highness
William I, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and King of the Netherlands
– an empire that is de... | 26,205 |
Alpine Agility
Description:
Alice and Bob have spent a wonderful day hitting the slopes
at their favourite ski hill. To make things more interesting
they’ve come up with a game. Both start at the Northwest-most
point on the hill and race to the Southeast-most point.
However, they are not racing to see ... | 26,206 |
Alternating Algorithm
Description:
Incidentally, you also have an array of $n+1$ integers, $a_0, a_1, \ldots , a_ n$, that you
need to sort. To make good use of the large number of cores on
your CPU, you have devised a parallel sorting algorithm in
which there is a dedicated core for comparing each adjacen... | 26,207 |
Alternating Current
Description:
Fredrik is at home, playing with a custom-built model
railway which he is very proud of. The railway consists of
$N$ segments connected in
a circle, numbered $1, 2, \dots ,
N$ in clockwise order. Electricity to the train is
provided through $M$
curved wires that... | 26,208 |
Alternative Anagram
Description:
Consider a string of $N$ letters, where $N$ is an even number. Rearrange the
letters such that all $N/2+1$ substrings of length
$N/2$ are different.
## Input
A single line containing string $S$ of length $N$, where $2 \leq N \leq 10^5$ and $N$ is even. The string consists of
... | 26,209 |
Alternative Bracket Notation
Description:
Balanced closed bracket or parenthesis statements are ones
where each opening bracket is matched with a closed bracket
later in the string.
Notice how each closed parenthesis matches to the most
recent unmatched open parenthesis.
Define an alternative bracket not... | 26,210 |
Alto Singing
Description:
Anton has chosen a particular song he likes very much that
he wants the choir to sing. There is only a slight problem –
the song is not at all suited for his particular vocal range.
Anton has the alto vocal range, and wants to make sure
that the most important part of the piec... | 26,211 |
Altruistic Amphibians
Description:
The frogs realize that if a frog $A$ climbs up on the back of frog
$B$ before it jumps, the
first frog $A$ stands a
better chance of escaping the pit: it can escape if
$h_ B+l_ A$ is strictly
larger than the depth of the pit.
Furthermore, if frog $B$ carrying fro... | 26,212 |
Always Know Where Your Towel Is
Description:
Arthur wants to go swimming. Another chance to use his
favourite towel! He is concerned that if he leaves it out at
the pool then someone might take it. So he keeps it in a
locker.
Accessing the lockers is done in a peculiar way. One has to
use an app on th... | 26,213 |
Amalgamated Artichokes
Description:
Fatima has done some previous analyses and has found that
the stock price over any period of time can be modelled
reasonably accurately with the following
equation:
where $p$, $a$, $b$, $c$ and $d$ are constants. Fatima would like
you to write a program to determine... | 26,214 |
Amanda Lounges
Description:
Amanda Air has routes between
many different airports, and has asked their most important
frequent flyers, members of the AA Frequent Flyer
program, which routes they most often fly. Based on this
survey, Amanda, the CEO and owner, has concluded that
Amanda Air will plac... | 26,215 |
Amazing Adventures
Description:
The amazing game Pokenom Go has just been released. Pokenom
trainers can now travel the world, capture Pokenom in the wild
and battle each other!
Bash and Cee are two students who have recently dropped out
of university to pursue their childhood dream of becoming
Pokeno... | 26,216 |
Amazing Race
Description:
The scavenger hunt must be completed within $T$ minutes. That is, the time between
leaving the starting location and arriving at the ending
location must be no more than $T$ minutes. In addition, some tasks
have a specific deadline $d_
i$, meaning that the task must be complet... | 26,217 |
Amazing Race Atlantic
Description:
The Amazing Race: Atlantic Canada Edition (ARACE) has
decided to do preselection to narrow down the thousands of
registrant teams. To select only the best ones, teams must
qualify by racing to the next location on a path of road
segments, each of which is marked with ... | 26,218 |
Amazing Whispers
Description:
A group of friends want to play the game Amazing Whispers,
where a secret phrase is transferred among a collection of
people according to the following rules:
You have $N \times M$
people arranged in $M$
groups of $N$ people each.
A secret phrase is divided into $N$ d... | 26,219 |
Ambiguous Result
Description:
The ACM (Advanced Cosmos Monitor) recorded a set of messages
transmitted by alien race of Space Invaders. Unfortunately, the
antenna used for recording only handles lower frequencies
representing numbers and two arithmetical operators in
space-invaderian language, while al... | 26,220 |
Amerískur vinnustaður
Description:
You have recently begun your job as a civil engineer, or
“byggingarverkfræðingur” in Icelandic.
You spend most of your day designing road systems, but since
you are in the United States of America, everything is measured
in football fields.
You have decided to write a p... | 26,221 |
Among Ourselves
Description:
You are playing the game “Among Ourselves.” There are
$n$ players numbered from
$1$ to $n$ in this game, and you are player
number $1$. Each player is
either a crewmate or an imposter. You are a crewmate.
During the voting phase of the game, the players exchange
accusa... | 26,222 |
Amsterdam Distance
Description:
Your friend from Manhattan is visiting you in Amsterdam.
Because she can only stay for a short while, she wants to see
as many tourist attractions in Amsterdam in as little time as
possible. To do that, she needs to be able to figure out how
long it takes her to walk fro... | 26,223 |
An Easy Array Problem
Description:
This is an array problem.
Given $N$ numbers,
$A_1, \dots A_ N$, answer
$Q$ queries as
follows:
Given $L, R$ where
$R - L + 1 \geq 4$, among
all possible $L < X < Y
< R$, maximise $A_ L
\times A_ X \times A_ Y \times A_ R$. Output on a single
line thi... | 26,224 |
An I for an Eye
Description:
Ken has been having trouble lately staying under the word
limit in Twitter, so he’s decided to write a little front-end
program which will take in text and shorten it using a fixed
set of abbreviations for commonly used letter sequences. Those
abbreviations are shown in the... | 26,225 |
An Industrial Spy
Description:
Industrial spying is very common for modern research labs. I
am such an industrial spy – don’t tell anybody! My recent job
was to steal the latest inventions from a famous math research
lab. It was hard to obtain some of their results but I got
their waste out of a docume... | 26,226 |
Anagram Counting
Description:
An anagram is a reordering of the letters in a word of
phrase. For example, you can rearrange the letters of
terraced to get the word retraced. Rearranging them some more will give
you the word cratered. You can even
make dactrere and redatrec, which are both anagrams of t... | 26,227 |
Andrew the Ant
Description:
Andrew the Ant is fascinated by the behavior of his friends.
Thousands of them are marching their paths on and on. They can
build highly organized ant-hills. Sometimes, however, they act
a little bit stupidly.
Recently, Andrew watched his fellow ants marching on top of
a lo... | 26,228 |
Animal Classification
Description:
Alice and Bob are biologists. They like to group animals
using classification trees. A classification tree is a binary
tree where the leaves are labeled by the animals.
For example, Figure 1 below shows the classification of
$5$ animals (labeled as
$1, 2, 3, 4, 5$) b... | 26,229 |
Anime Shops
Description:
There are $n$ cities
and $m$ roads. Each road
is bidirectional and connects two cities. It is also known that
$k$ cities have an anime
shop.
If you live in a city, you of course know the local anime
shop, well, if there is one. You would like to find the nearest
anime ... | 26,230 |
Annoyed Coworkers
Description:
It’s another day in the office, and you’re a mastermind of
not doing any work yourself. Instead, you’ll go to your
coworkers for “help,” but secretly have them do all the
work.
You’ve determined that the more one of your coworkers helps
you, the more annoyed they become.... | 26,231 |
Another Brick in the Wall
Description:
The construction worker previously known as Lars has many
bricks of height $1$ and
different lengths, and he is now trying to build a wall of
width $w$ and height
$h$. Since the
construction worker previously known as Lars knows that the
subset sum problem... | 26,232 |
Another Candies
Description:
A class went to a school trip. And, as usually, all
$N$ kids have got their
backpacks stuffed with candy. But soon quarrels started all
over the place, as some of the kids had more candies than
others. Soon, the teacher realized that he has to step in:
"Everybody, liste... | 26,233 |
Another Coin Weighing Puzzle
Description:
You have some bags of coins. Each bag contains exactly
$k$ coins. Exactly one bag
contains only counterfeit coins (we’ll call this the fake
bag), while all other bags contain only real coins. All
real coins weigh exactly the same number of grams. All
counte... | 26,234 |
Another Dice Game
Description:
In the game Pickomino1 one has to
throw 8 dice to reach at least a certain target score. The
rules are as follows:
* The dice contain the values 1, 2,
3, 4, 5 and worm. The
dice are fair, so all outcomes are equally likely.
* The game is started by throwing all ... | 26,235 |
Another Query on Array Problem
Description:
Given an array of integers $A_1, A_2, \ldots , A_ N$ and the
initial value of all elements are $0$. Now you are given $M$ queries, each belongs to one of
three following types:
* $0$ $x$ $y$: Find the sum of all elements
from index $x$ to
index $y$ m... | 26,236 |
Another Substring Query Problem
Description:
You are given a string $s$ and several queries.
Each query consists of a string $t$ and an integer $k$. For each query, determine the
$k^{th}$ position in
$s$ where a substring
matching $t$ starts. If
$t$ occurs fewer than
$k$ times in $s$, print $-1$.
... | 26,237 |
Ant Typing
Description:
Consider a configurable keyboard where keys can be moved
about. An ant is walking on the top row of this keyboard and
needs to type a numeric string. The ant starts on the leftmost
key of the top row, which contains $9$ keys, some permutation of the
digits from $1$ to
$9$. O... | 26,238 |
Antenna Analysis
Description:
Åke has heard that there may be some suspicious 5G radiation
in his city. To test this, he uses the antenna on his roof to
measure the 5G level each day. However, he does not know how he
should analyze the data.
We are given the measurements for $n$ consecutive days as a list... | 26,239 |
Antenna Placement
Description:
The Global Aerial Research Centre has been allotted the task
of building the fifth generation of mobile phone nets in
Sweden. The most striking reason why they got the job, is their
discovery of a new, highly noise resistant, antenna. It is
called 4DAir, and comes in four... | 26,240 |
Anthony and Cora
Description:
Anthony and Cora play a very exciting game. Initially,
Anthony has $N$ points and
Cora has $M$ points. The
game then goes on for several rounds, during each round, either
Anthony wins or Cora wins, the loser of the round loses
$1$ point while nothing
happens to the... | 26,241 |
Anthony and Diablo
Description:
Anthony has a pet hamster named Diablo. Diablo enjoys having
lots of space to move around, so Anthony wants to build him a
cage that covers as much area as possible.
However, Diablo also likes to dig and hide very much, and
when he does, it is an absolute pain for Anthony t... | 26,242 |
Anti-Palindrome
Description:
## Input
The input consists of one line of text as specified above.
The input line will not be longer than 80 characters, and
contains at least one alphabetic character.
## Output
Print “Palindrome" if the text contains or is itself a
palindrome, or “Anti-palindrome" if ther... | 26,243 |
Antialiasing
Description:
To reduce aliasing effects, computer graphics systems render
a polygon by setting the brightness of each pixel proportional
to the area of the pixel inside the polygon. If a pixel is
completely inside the polygon, that pixel is set to the
brightest intensity. If only half of t... | 26,244 |
Antiarithmetic?
Description:
A sequence $a_{1}, a_{2},
a_{3}, \ldots $ is an arithmetic progression if there
exists a constant $c$ such
that $a_{i} - a_{i+1} = c$
for $i = 1, 2, 3, \ldots
$.
A permutation of $n$ is
a bijective function of the initial $n$ natural numbers: $0, 1, \ldots n-1$. A ... | 26,245 |
Antimatter Rain
Description:
You’ve heard of acid rain but have you heard of antimatter
rain? Antimatter rain is so potent that when it comes into
contact with another object, it immediately disintegrates both
itself and the object. Kayla’s job as a SpaceFleet Researcher
is gathering weather data on ex... | 26,246 |
Antivirus
Description:
A computer network has been infected by evil viruses, so
Hacke Hackspett 1 has been
tasked with removing them.
Each computer in the network has some number of viruses or
antiviruses. There can never be both viruses and antiviruses in
the same computer at the same time because th... | 26,247 |
Ants
Description:
An army of ants walk on a horizontal pole of length
$l$ cm, each with a
constant speed of $1$
cm/s. When a walking ant reaches an end of the pole, it
immediatelly falls off it. When two ants meet they turn back
and start walking in opposite directions. We know the original
pos... | 26,248 |
Any Pythagorean Triple
Description:
You are given a circumference $n$ and want to find a right-angled
triangle with integer side lengths that has a right angle and
this circumference. No side can have length $0$, nor a negative length.
## Input
The first and only line of input contains a positive integer
... | 26,249 |
Apaxiaaaaaaaaaaaans!
Description:
The ancient and mysterious Apaxian civilization, which we
most certainly did not make up, continues to confound the
researchers at the Oriental Institute. It turns out that the
Apaxians had a peculiar naming system: the more letters in your
name, the higher your status... | 26,250 |
Aperiodic Appointments
Description:
Nick has always struggled with maintaining habits. The
problem is that he just can’t stop maintaining them. If Nick
does something $K$ times
in a row, he has to keep doing it forever.
Luckily, he has started visiting Dr Patternson, an expert in
PBT (Pattern Breaking... | 26,251 |
Apostrophe Catastrophe
Description:
Apostrophes and double quotes tend to get badly encoded by
systems, causing them to print back things like
' or \". As a QA tester, Nova has
seen lots of these issues. Today, she overheard that the
Tweeper messaging app may have an issue with these symbols as
... | 26,252 |
Appalling Architecture
Description:
You have recently been hired as an architect for the BAPC
(Bureau of Architecture and Promising Constructions),
responsible for top-quality buildings such as the Tower of
Pisa. However, in the past couple of weeks, some of the
structures that the BAPC have made have ... | 26,253 |
Apparatus
Description:
Your competitors are in possession of a mysterious apparatus
which gives them an advantage over you. The apparatus has
$n$ on/off switches and
$n$ lights. We believe
that each of the switches is connected to exactly one of the
lights, and vice versa, but we don’t know which s... | 26,254 |
Appeal to the Audience
Description:
You are the director of the upcoming Bordfite Arena
Progaming Competition. You have invited a bunch of players and
are now setting up the matches for the knockout tournament that
will determine the winner. As you may know, Bordfite Arena is a
game that heavily reward... | 26,255 |
Apple Delivery
Description:
Ingrid, the apple farmer, has just harvested a huge amount
of apples that she intends to give to herself and her
neighbours. Her neighbourhood can be represented by an infinite
plane where every point with integer coordinates contains
exactly one house. Ingrid’s house is loc... | 26,256 |
Apple Market
Description:
You are managing a market with some stores. The stores are
arranged in an $n \times
m$ grid. Each store sells apples. Apples cost exactly
$1$ Malaysian Ringgit per
apple at every store.
There will be several customers who walk through this
market. Each customer will only ... | 26,257 |
Apple Orchard
Description:
Farmer John has many apple trees on his farm. Each apple
tree has a circular area that provides shade during the hot
summer. Farmer John is creating a pen for his cows and has
several locations in mind. For each fenced off area he wants to
know the percentage of that proposed... | 26,258 |
Apples, Cherries, and Mangos
Description:
You are the boss of ACM
(Apples, Cherries, and Mangos), an upstanding company with a
single goal of world domination.
ACM have provided lots of fruits for the last programming
competition for minions in Helsinki. The leftovers should now
be shipped to Singapor... | 26,259 |
Aquarium
Description:
The aquarium at which you work is hoping to expand its
meagre selection of aquatic life, but lacks the funds to do so.
You have been tasked to help promote the aquarium by taking
photos of the two exhibits. Taking the first photo went
swimmingly, because the catfish were very coop... | 26,260 |
Aquarium Tank
Description:
You just bought an “artistic” aquarium tank that has an
interesting shape, and you poured $L$ litres of water into the tank. How
high is the water in the tank?
When you look at this tank from one side, it has the shape
of a convex polygon. This polygon has exactly two vertices o... | 26,261 |
Aqueduct Construction
Description:
After conquering Britannia, the great Roman general Agricola
decided all of his new cities should take advantage of the
natural springs found aplenty. He appointed his advisor Wessus
Waterus to try to find a way to get each town a fresh supply of
water.
There are man... | 26,262 |
Arable Area
Description:
The prime minister has recently bought a piece of valuable
agricultural land, which is situated in a valley forming a
regular grid of unit square fields. ACM would like to verify
the transaction, especially whether the price corresponds to
the market value of the land, which is... | 26,263 |
Arachnophobia
Description:
Jimmy is performing in ByteLand today! Anthony the Ant is a
huge fan of Jimmy’s music, so he can’t wait to get to the
concert.
ByteLand consists of of $N$ intersections and $M$ roads. Every road is bidirectional
and connects two distinct intersections. Anthony is currently
o... | 26,264 |
Arbitrage?
Description:
If you are going to travel to the World Finals, you cannot
rely on Czech Crowns. You would have to exchange your money for
various foreign currencies. This problem deals with multiple
currencies and their exchange rates. Your task is to verify
that some set of exchange rates is ... | 26,265 |
Arboriculture
Description:
In preparation for the Swedish Coding Cup Finals, the
organizing committee is decorating the hall for the award
ceremony with beautiful juniper trees. They have designed an
arrangement of $N$ trees,
each with a specific look. As the resident arborist of the
competition, i... | 26,266 |
Arcade!
Description:
Write a program that computes the expected payout when
dropping a ball into the machine!
## Input
The input consists of a single test case. The first line
contains an integer $N$
($1 \le N \le 32$)
describing the number of rows of the arcade machine. The second
line contains ... | 26,267 |
Arcaea Partners
Description:
In the rhythm game Arcaea, the player can play songs with
various partners. Every partner has two skill levels: Frag, and Step. A larger Frag allows
playing songs to earn a larger number of fragments, the main
resource of the game. A larger Step helps the player progress
fa... | 26,268 |
Archaeological Recovery
Description:
Renowned professor of Egyptology Z Mummer is exploring
a newly discovered tomb in Luxor where she finds a mysterious
construction. On a wall, there is a row of $k$ pyramid-shaped stone slabs. Each
stone features three hieroglyphs: an ankh (top), an eye of
Horus (bot... | 26,269 |
Archery Accuracy
Description:
You are managing an archery team for a competition. Each
team member has their own fixed probability of hitting a
target.
The tournament works in a series of rounds. Your team has
the same number of members as there are rounds in the
tournament. In each round, exactly one... | 26,270 |
Archimedes
Description:
Archimedes is the name of a new 2D video game, which is very
simple: the player hits start, at which point their avatar
moves along an Archimedean spiral starting from the origin.
When they hit a button, the avatar detaches from the spiral in
the direction it is currently moving... | 26,271 |
Architecture
Description:
Your brother has won an award at the recent Breakthroughs in
Architectural Problems Conference and has been given the once
in a lifetime opportunity of redesigning the city center of his
favorite city Nijmegen. Since the most striking parts of a
city’s layout are the skylines,... | 26,272 |
Arctic Network
Description:
The Department of National Defence (DND) wishes to connect
several northern outposts by a wireless network. Two different
communication technologies are to be used in establishing the
network: every outpost will have a radio transceiver and some
outposts will in addition hav... | 26,273 |
Ardi, The Hungry Aardvark
Description:
Ardi the aardvark arrived at the pet shop tired and hungry.
Ardi spotted an ant farm on the next shelf, already populated
with lots of yummy-looking crispy ants. Amazingly, it was so
2-dimensional that she could see every tunnel and avery ant.
Immediately, Ardi be... | 26,274 |
Are You Listening?
Description:
You’re a top government spy currently at a secret location
behind enemy lines (ooooh....exciting!). You have a
communication device that allows you to stay in contact with
various other operatives that you work with. The broadcast
range of the device is adjustable and id... | 26,275 |
Area of Effect
Description:
Liam (angryneeson52) is playing his favorite tower defense
game! This game involves destroying minions of his opponent
while defending his own villages.
Liam’s favorite attack is an Area of Effect attack. The Area
of Effect attack is a perfect circle. Liam simply picks a
ce... | 26,276 |
Arithmetic
Description:
Ever wonder what will happen when you meet a person who uses
a different base system to talk about numbers? For example,
when you hear someone saying this mysterious number 1010110001 (which is in binary), can you
quickly convert it to its decimal form, 689?
In Harkerland, everyone... | 26,277 |
Arithmetic Decoding
Description:
Arithmetic coding is a method to represent a message as a
real number $x$ such that
$0 \leq x < 1$. We will
assume that the message consists only of uppercase ‘A’s and
‘B’s. The two letters have associated probabilities
$p_ A$ and $p_ B = 1 - p_ A$ such that
$0 ... | 26,278 |
Arithmetic Functions
Description:
Your task is to implement the following functions in
C++:
```
#include "arithmeticfunctions.h"
// Compute x^3
int cube(int x){
...
}
// Compute the maximum of x and y
int max(int x, int y){
...
}
// Compute x - y
int difference(int x, int y){
...
}
```
... | 26,279 |
Arm Coordination
Description:
All the cool kids in town want to become a member of the
Bots and Androids Programmer Club (BAPC). To become a member of
the club, applicants must show a feat of their skills with a
home-made robot that is programmed to perform some tricks. Just
like your older brother, yo... | 26,280 |
Army Strength (Easy)
Description:
Note that this is an easier version of the problem
armystrengthhard.
The next MechaGodzilla invasion is on its way to Earth. And
once again, Earth will be the battleground for an epic war.
MechaGodzilla’s army consists of many nasty alien monsters,
such as Space Godzi... | 26,281 |
Army Strength (Hard)
Description:
Note that this is a harder version of the problem
armystrengtheasy.
The next MechaGodzilla invasion is on its way to Earth. And
once again, Earth will be the battleground for an epic war.
MechaGodzilla’s army consists of many nasty alien monsters,
such as Space Godzil... | 26,282 |
Around and Around We Go
Description:
In western music, an integer count of time units can be
assigned to each syllable to indicate how long that syllable is
sung. A rest of one or more time units can be treated as a
syllable that simply isn’t sung. If you know the time allocated
to each syllable, and... | 26,283 |
Around the Track
Description:
In order to compare race tracks, we wish to compute their
lengths. A racetrack is strictly two-dimensional (no
elevation). It is described by two simple polygons, where one
is completely contained inside the other. The track is the
region between these two polygons. We def... | 26,284 |
Around the track
Description:
After The Stig’s identity was revealed, the TV show Top Gear
is in dire need of a new, tame racing driver to replace him.
And of course you have been asked to take the job. However, you
are not very fond of driving quickly, and especially not around
the twisting and turnin... | 26,285 |
Arranging Adapters
Description:
It is the day before the NWERC and you and your team are on
the train towards Delft. The journey is long and boring but you
came up with a good idea: “Let’s do some
training”.
– silence –
You take your laptop out and try to plug it in when you
notice that the only sock... | 26,286 |
Arranging Hat
Description:
Recently the hat has been reading computer science papers in
its ample spare time, and of course, being an arranging hat, it
is particularly interested in learning more about sorting
algorithms.
The hat’s new contribution is to a class of algorithms known
as lossy sorting al... | 26,287 |
Arranging Wine
Description:
The host university is organizing a party for this year’s
ACM/ICPC contestants with a buffet dinner and $R$ boxes of red wine and $W$ boxes of white wine. Wine boxes
are to be arranged into non-empty piles, each pile contains
only one type of wine, either white or red. After tha... | 26,288 |
Array Smoothening
Description:
You’ve just finished writing a random array generator for
your competitive programming practical examination
problem. However, when you tested it, you noticed that the
distribution is skewed; some values may appear much more times
than the other values. You wanted to smoo... | 26,289 |
Array of Discord
Description:
Eris must be careful not to be discovered while performing
her sabotage, so she decides to only change a single digit in
one of the numbers in Zeus’ answer. The resulting number may
not have any leading zeros (unless it becomes equal to zero in
which case a single zero dig... | 26,290 |
Arrested Development
Description:
You are now in charge of two programming interns, and you
must develop a large system. There are a number of tasks that
need to be completed by the end of the summer. You know how
long each intern will take to complete each task, in
minutes.
Compute the minimum number... | 26,291 |
Arriving on Time
Description:
Luckily you live in Zürich, which features a large network
of extremely punctual trams. Each tram line travels from one
place to another at regular intervals, always taking the same
time from departure to arrival. It is very easy to change
trams, and we assume that it take... | 26,292 |
Art Appreciation
Description:
Brandon Greg Jr. is an art enthusiast who covered the
entirety of the walls of his room with works of art. Brandon’s
room is in the shape of a simple polygon (simple means that the
polygon does not intersect itself). If Brandon is at point
$X$, then he can see all
poin... | 26,293 |
Artistic Masterpiece
Description:
As you know, digital images are often represented as a grid
of pixels. Here, let’s assume that we have an infinitely large
grid of pixels, with $x$-coordinates and $y$-coordinates ranging from
$-\infty $ to $+\infty $. The pixel at $x$-coordinate $x$ and $y$-coordinate $y$... | 26,294 |
Artur
Description:
You have most definitely heard the legend of King Arthur and
the Knights of the Round Table. Almost all versions of this
story proudly point out that the roundness of the Round Table
is closely related to Arthur’s belief of equality among the
Knights. That is a lie! In fact, Arthur’s... | 26,295 |
Artwork
Description:
A template for an artwork is a white grid of $n \times m$ squares. The artwork will
be created by painting $q$
horizontal and vertical black strokes. A stroke starts from
square $(x_1,y_1)$, ends
at square $(x_2,y_2)$
($x_1=x_2$ or $y_1=y_2$) and changes the color of
all sq... | 26,296 |
As Easy as CAB
Description:
We all know how to alphabetize a list of distinct words when
you know the alphabet: One word may be a prefix of another
longer word, in which case the shorter word always comes before
the longer word. With any other two words there must be a first
place in the words where th... | 26,297 |
Ascending Photo
Description:
The members of the No-Weather-too-Extreme Recreational
Climbing society completed their 100th successful summit today!
To commemorate the occasion, we took a picture of all the
members standing together in one row, to use for marketing
purposes.
However, the photograph loo... | 26,298 |
Ask Marilyn
Description:
Marilyn is by far your favourite bartender, because she
turns every order into a game.
At the bar, there are three small boxes with doors labelled
A, B, and C. When you buy a drink, Marilyn places the bottle in
one of the boxes; you don’t know which. Then the following
ritual ... | 26,299 |
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