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he generation and distribution of high-quality educational content that will serve both as core text as well as provide an adaptive environment for learning, powered through the FlexBook Platform®. Copyright © 2014 CK-12 Foundation, www.ck12.org The names “CK-12” and “CK12” and associated logos and the terms “FlexBook®...
ojectile Motion for an Object Launched at an Angle • The student will calculate the maximum height and range of projectiles launched at an angle given the initial velocity and angle. In the case of the human cannonball shown, all the vector and gravitational calculations must be worked out perfectly before the ﬁrst pra...
ion Problem Solving gt2 gt2 1 2 1 2 gt2 1 2 gt2 y(t) = yo + voyt + h = yo + voyt + h = 0 + voy + gt2 2 s 2h g start with the equation substitute h for y(t) because that’s the position of the ball when it hits the ground after time t substitute 0 for yobecause the ball starts at the top of the cliff substitute 0 for voy...
motion of the object is determined by the net force. The magnitude of the acceleration is directly proportional to the magnitude of the unbalanced force. The direction of the acceleration is the same direction as the direction of the unbalanced force. The magnitude of the acceleration is inversely proportional to the ...
greater force to his skates. Q: Does this mean that Tony will win the race? A: Not necessarily, because force isn’t the only factor that affects acceleration. Force, Mass, and Acceleration Whenever an object speeds up, slows down, or changes direction, it accelerates. Acceleration occurs whenever an unbalanced force ac...
st be equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to gravity. This force transfers the gravity acting on the object to whatever the wire or string is attached to; in the end it is usually a Normal Force — between the earth and whatever the wire is attached to — that ends up balancing out the force of gravity on the ob...
by comparing the object to known masses on an instrument called a balance. 24 www.ck12.org Chapter 7. Mass versus Weight Using the balance shown above, the object would be placed in one pan and known masses would be placed in the other pan until the pans were exactly balanced. When balanced, the mass of the object woul...
and the ﬂoor is 0.45, how much force is required to move the crate at a constant velocity across the ﬂoor? 29 www.ck12.org 3. A smooth wooden 40.0 N block is placed on a smooth wooden table. A force of 14.0 N is required to keep the block moving at constant velocity. (a) What is the coefﬁcient of sliding friction betwe...
positive x direction. Notice that we have rotated the picture so that the majority of the forces acting on the block are along the y or x axis. This does not change the answer to the problem because the direction of the forces is still the same relative to each other. When we have determined our answer, we can simply ...
k Marshall Ck12 Science James H Dann, Ph.D. Say Thanks to the Authors Click http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (No sign in required) AUTHORS Patrick Marshall Ck12 Science James H Dann, Ph.D. CONTRIBUTORS Chris Addiego Antonio De Jesus López Catherine Pavlov www.ck12.org To access a customizable version of this book, as well...
or and placed on a shelf that is 2.50 m above the ﬂoor. (a) What was the work done in lifting the object? (b) What is the gravitational potential energy of the object sitting on the shelf? (c) If the object falls off the shelf and free falls to the ﬂoor, what will its velocity be when it hits the ﬂoor? Solution: weight...
um of potential energy and kinetic energy. References 1. User:Zonk43/Wikimedia Commons. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Teststrecke_Roller_Coaster3.J PG. Public Domain 11 CHAPTER 4 Energy Problem Solving Students will learn how to analyze and solve more complicated problems involving energy conservation. Student...
Theorem) Patrick Marshall Ck12 Science Say Thanks to the Authors Click http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (No sign in required) www.ck12.org To access a customizable version of this book, as well as other interactive content, visit www.ck12.org AUTHORS Patrick Marshall Ck12 Science CK-12 Foundation is a non-proﬁt organizati...
s a ﬂight of stairs 6.00 m high in 15.0 s. How much power does she use? 3. (a) Assuming no friction, what is the minimum work needed to push a 1000. kg car 45.0 m up a 12.5° incline? (b) What power would be needed for the same problem if friction is considered and the coefﬁcient of friction for the car is 0.30? • power...
(mt + md)vi = mtv f start by setting the initial momentum equal to the ﬁnal momentum substitute the mass of the truck plus the mass of the dirt in the truck at the initial and ﬁnal states v f = v f = (mt + md)vi mt (500 kg + 200 kg) 2 m/s 500 kg v f = 2:8 m/s solve for the ﬁnal velocity plug in the numerical values Ex...
llides with it from behind. After the collision, ball A is moving westward with a velocity of 1.0 m/s. What is the velocity of ball B after the collision? Solution: Because of the law of conservation of momentum, we know that pAbefore + pBbefore = pAafter + pBafter . mAvA + mBvB = mAv0 A + mBv0 B (2:0 kg)(2:0 m/s) + (4...
of block A is 8.0kg. 10kg 8:0kg = 2:0kg Now that we know the mass of both blocks we can ﬁnd the speed of block B. We will use conservation of momentum. This was a completely inelastic collision. We know this because the blocks stuck together after the collision. This problem is one dimensional, because all motion happ...
v = (0:15 kg)(35 m/s) = 5:25 kg m/s Example Problem: If a ball with mass 5.00 kg has a momentum of 5:25 kg m/s , what is its velocity? m = 5:25 kgm/s 5:00 kg It should be clear from the equation relating impulse to change in momentum, Ft = Dmv , that any amount of force would (eventually) bring a moving object to rest....
directly related to the square of the velocity of the object and inversely related to the radius of the circle. ac = v2 r Taking a moment to consider the validity of this equation can help to clarify what it means. Imagine a yo-yo. Instead of using it normally, let it fall to the end of the string, and then spin it aro...
il the maximum static friction between the object and the surface it rests upon is overcome and the object is set into motion. Recall that the magnitude of static friction is represented by the inequality: fs µsFN 8 www.ck12.org Concept 2. Circular Motion 3. The greater the mass of the car, the greater the coefﬁcient o...
ves have the same ampli- tude, but they differ in wavelength. Which wave has more energy? Wave Frequency and Speed Imagine making transverse waves in a rope, like the waves in Figure above . You tie one end of the rope to a doorknob or other ﬁxed point and move the other end up and down with your hand. You can move the...
ves require a material medium such as water, air, or rope. Light waves, however, are electromagnetic waves and travel without a material medium. They are not mechanical waves. In all types of mechanical waves, energy moves from one place to another while the media carrying the wave only vibrates back and forth in posit...
r signal leaves a submarine, travels through the water to another submarine and reﬂects back to the original submarine in 4.00 s. If the frequency of the signal was 512 cycles per second and the wavelength of the signal was 2.93 m, how far away is the second submarine? • longitudinal wave: A wave in which the direction...
nterface at an angle, the transmitted wave will move in a different direction than the incident wave. This phenomenon is known as refraction. = vr vi • At any media interface, sin qr sin qi = lr li Practice http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mH9VwivqjmE Follow up questions. 22 www.ck12.org Concept 6. Refraction of Mechanic...
appear to be standing still. Standing waves occur because of a combination of constructive and destructive interference. You can see animations of standing waves at the URLs below. http://skullsinthestars.com/2008/05/04/classic-science-paper-otto-wieners-experiment-1890/ http://www.physicsc lassroom.com/mmedia/waves/s...
r loud outdoor sounds such as sirens through closed windows and doors. You can also hear sounds through the inside walls of a house. For example, if you put your ear against a wall, you may be able to eavesdrop on a conversation in the next room—not that you would, of course. 36 www.ck12.org Summary Concept 10. Sound W...
e swing rocks back and forth with a frequency that depends on gravity and the length of the chain. f = 1 2p r g L This is one example of a natural frequency – the frequency at which a system vibrates normally when given energy without outside interference. Pushing on the person in the swing will affect the amplitude of...
monic for a string ﬁxed at both ends is f1 , determine the frequency for successive harmonics in terms of f1 . Answer: We know that ln = 2 v = l1 f1 = 2L f1 and substituted into fn = n fn = n n L and v = l f . Combining, we have v = 2 2L v . But v can be expressed n L f ! fn = n 2L v , giving 2L (2L f1) = n f1 ! fn = n...
What are the inherent errors in this experiment? 3. Peter is playing tones by blowing across the top of a glass bottle partially ﬁlled with water. He notices that if he blows softly he hears a lower note, but if he blows harder he hears higher frequencies. (a) In the 120 cm long tubes below draw three diagrams showing ...
2. Describe the direction in which the wave is traveling. Review 1. What is an electromagnetic wave? 2. Deﬁne electromagnetic radiation. 3. Describe the electric and magnetic ﬁelds of an electromagnetic wave. 4. How does an electromagnetic wave begin? How does it travel? 5. Compare and contrast electromagnetic and mech...
ency of electromagnetic waves. 2. What is the electromagnetic spectrum? 3. Which electromagnetic waves have the longest wavelengths? 4. Identify a source of microwaves. 5. Which type of light has the highest frequencies? 6. Explain why gamma rays are the most dangerous of all electromagnetic waves. References 1. NASA. ...
elative speeds of light in a vacuum and in the medium. n = . speed of light in a vacuum speed of light in the medium • When a ray of light is traveling from one medium into another medium, Snell’s Law can be written as ni sin qi = nr sin qr . Practice Use the video on refraction to answer the questions below. http://vi...
articles of medium at both corners of the slit act as point sources, and produce circular waves from both edges. • The wavelength can be determined by this equation: l w = x L or l = wx L . Practice MEDIA Click image to the left for more content. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HO7LJDcqos Follow up questions. 1. The in...
c) two crests overlap. (d) a crest and a trough overlap. 2. Bright bands in interference patterns result from (a) destructive diffraction. (b) destructive interference. (c) constructive diffraction. (d) constructive interference. 3. In a double slit experiment with slits 1:00 105 m apart, light casts the ﬁrst bright ba...
of time, such as the number of waves per second. In waves with higher frequencies, photons have more energy. Evidence for the Wave-Particle Theory After Einstein proposed his theory, evidence was discovered to support it. For example, scientists shone laser light through two slits in a barrier made of a material that b...
the lightning bolt and spark are a sudden transfer of electric charge. Introducing Electric Charge Electric charge is a physical property of particles or objects that causes them to attract or repel each other without touching. All electric charge is based on the protons and electrons in atoms. A proton has a positive...
comb and a piece of tissue paper if you rub the tissue paper on the comb. ( Hint : Plastic tends to accept electrons and tissue paper tends to give up electrons.) References 1. Christopher Auyeung. . CC BY-NC 3.0 2. Christopher Auyeung. . CC BY-NC 3.0 3. Flickr:olga.palma. . CC BY 2.0 11 CONCEPT 4 Forces on Charged Ob...
hey are said to be charge by (a) conduction. (b) induction. 16 www.ck12.org Concept 4. Forces on Charged Objects (c) friction. (d) grounding. 4. Two objects each carry a charge and they attract. What do you know about the charge of each object? (a) They are both charged positively. (b) They have opposite charged from e...
bout it in all directions. If a second charge is placed at some point in the ﬁeld, the second charge interacts with the ﬁeld and experiences an electrical force. Thus, the interaction we observe is between the test charge and the ﬁeld and a second particle at some distance is no longer necessary. The strength of the el...
ssing the gravitational potential energy or the electrical potential energy. 28 www.ck12.org Concept 7. Electric Potential 2. An electron placed at the negative plate of a parallel-plate conductor will move toward the positive plate. The potential energy of the electron: A. Decreases B. Increases C. Remains the same. A...
lectron and a proton both gain kinetic energy of 1 eV . True or False: Their speeds must be the same, since they both gained the same amount of energy. 34 www.ck12.org Concept 7. Electric Potential Answer : False. The mass of a proton is nearly 2000 times greater than the mass of an electron. Remember that kinetic ener...
Ampere, 1775-1836), Figure below . second which is called the ampere or amp (named for the French physicist Andre’-Marie The symbol A is used to represent the ampere. A rate of one coulomb per second is equivalent to one ampere: 1C 1s = 1A FIGURE 2.2 Figure above shows a ﬂow of electrons (e) from the positive terminal...
d, and gold D band, but the bands can be different colors on different resistors. Based on the colors of the bands, it is possible to identify the type of resistor. the A and B bands represent signiﬁcant digits; red is 2 and blue is 6. The C band indicates the multiplier, and green indicates 10 5 . These three together...
. What is the current in the lines? 4. A toaster oven indicates that it operates at 1500 W on a 110 V circuit. What is the resistance of the oven? • electrical energy: Energy is the ability to do work, so electrical energy is the work done by an electrical circuit. • kilowatt hour: An amount of energy equal to 3:6 106 ...
NCEPT 9 Resistors in Series Students will learn how to analyze and solve problems involving circuits with resistors in series. Students will learn how to analyze and solve problems involving circuits with resistors in series. Key Equations Guidance Rtotal = R1 + R2 + R3 + : : : Resistors in Series: All resistors are co...
1 + 1 R2 + 1 R3 + : : : Resistors in Parallel: All resistors are connected together at both ends. There are many rivers (i.e. The main river branches off into many other rivers), so all resistors receive different amounts of current. But since they are all connected to the same point at both ends they all receive the s...
exactly at the magnetic pole) attracts the north poles of magnets. We know, therefore, that this pole is actually the Earth’s magnetic south pole. This can be seen in the image above; the geographic north and south poles are labeled with barber shop poles, and the Earth’s magnetic poles are indicated with the double-he...
Find the magnetic ﬁeld a distance of 20 cm from a wire that is carrying 3 A of electrical current. 3. In order to measure the current from big power lines the worker simply clamps a device around the wire. This provides safety when dealing with such high currents. The worker simply measures the magnetic ﬁeld and deduce...
to an oil well drill hole. Electromagnets are essential to the design of the electric generator and electric motor and are also employed in doorbells, circuit breakers, television receivers, loudspeakers, electric dead bolts, car starters, clothes washers, atomic particle accelerators, and electromagnetic brakes and cl...
ve, a circuit is connected to a battery, with one part of the circuit placed inside a magnetic ﬁeld. When current runs through the circuit, a force will be exerted on the wire by the magnetic ﬁeld, causing the wire to 13 www.ck12.org move. If we choose to consider electron current in this case, the electrons ﬂow from t...
tage and current from a generator. These large machines are electric generators. This particular row of generators is installed in a hydroelectric power station. The insides of these generators are coils of wire spinning in a magnetic ﬁeld. The relative motion between the wire and the magnetic ﬁeld is what generates el...
rrent is induced in the second circuit. You can leave the knife switch closed and the current will continue to ﬂow in the ﬁrst circuit but no current is induced in the second circuit because the ﬁeld is constant and therefore there is no relative motion between the ﬁeld and the wire in the second circuit. When the knif...
rors are also used in supermarkets, underground parking areas etc. to cover a wider field of view to be observed. Fig. 1.35: Parabolic dish aerial. (vii) Shaving mirror A concave mirror is used as a shaving or a make-up mirror. The mirror is placed at a distance less than its focal length, from the face. A virtual upri...
ty 2.1 What is a lens? (Work in pairs or in groups) Materials • Water • Round bottomed flask • Plain paper • Retort stand • Sun • Magnifying lens Steps 1. What is a lens? 2. Fill a volumetric flask with clear water. 3. Cork the flask. 4. Tilt the flask such that the neck of the cork is horizontal. 5. Place a source of ...
of the lens. (a) Object far away from the lens (at infinity) Since the object is at infinity, all the rays from the object, incident on the lens are almost parallel. The refracted rays converge at a point on the focal plane, as shown in Fig. 2.18. Image characteristics A diminished, real, inverted image is formed at F....
convex lens where a magnified image is formed (Fig. 2.32). B 2F O F P F 2F I R u v M Fig. 2.32: Magnification Since triangles OBP and IMP are similar (3 angles are equal), the ratios of corresponding sides are equal i.e, IM IP IM OB = OB OP = IP OP = v u ∴ Hence magnification, m = IM OB = v u Magnification (m) = image...
lled accommodation. (a) Far view – thin lens (b) Near view – thick lens Fig. 2.39: Accommodation of the eye In the eye, the distance between the eye lens and the retina remains the same, whereas the lens automatically changes its focal length according to the distance of the object. This effect is brought about by chan...
0 mm is placed 3.0 cm from the objective lens. (a) Use the lens formula in turn for each lens to find the position of the final image formed. (b) Calculate (i) the magnification produced by the arrangement of these lenses and (ii) the size of the final image viewed by the eye? Solution (a) For the objective lens Solvin...
shown in Fig. 3.7 (a) using a string. 2. Suspend a 100 g mass at a point A as shown in Fig. 3.7 (b). Why do you think the ruler balances as shown? (a) O (b) 50 cm 100 cm 0 P P A 100 cm 100 g mass F = 1 N Fig. 3.7: Principle of moments. 3. Now suspend a 200 g mass at a point B near the 0 cm mark (Fig. 3.8 (a)). What ha...
e of gravity is always directed towards the earth’s centre and is called the weight of the body. How is this weight distributed throughout the body? The answer to this question is found in the following experiment. 3.4.1 Determining centre of mass of regular objects Activity 3.6 (Work in groups) Materials To determine ...
n released as shown in Fig. 4.2 (a). 3. Using a ruler, mark and draw the line AB along which the card balances. 4. Repeat the activity with the other side of the card, mark and draw the line CD along which the card balances. The lines AB and CD intersect at a point M (Fig. 4.2(b)). table thin rectangular card pull B M ...
s full of water is more stable that one carrying one bucket. 102 4. Discuss and compare your explanations with your partner and report to the whole class. A body is more stable when its heavy part is as low as possible since it lowers the position of the centre of gravity. If the heavy part of the body is at high posit...
g done in (a) and (d) only. When the girl applies a force to a wall in (b) and even becomes exhausted, she is not doing any work because the wall is not displaced. When the woman carries the basket on the head, she is not doing any work. This is because she exerts an upward force on the basket which is balanced by the ...
200 m. If the mass of the car is 1.2 tonnes, calculate the; (a) Work done by the car engine. (b) Work done against resistance. 121 5.2 Power Activity 5.5 (Work in groups) To compare the time taken to do a piece of work by a person and a machine Materials: writing material, stopwatch and scientific calculator. Steps 1....
What do you feel? Explain. 128 The other end of the nail is felt to be hot after sometime. The hotness is due to heat energy that has been transferred from the hot part to the cold part of the nail. Therefore, heat energy only travels from a hot object to a cooler one. Heat energy is a form of energy that is transferre...
ody is given by: Kinetic energy = 1 2 mv2 , where m and v are the mass and velocity of the body respectively. Example 5.12 A body of mass 400 g falls freely from a tower and reaches the ground after 4 s. Calculate the kinetic energy of the mass as it hits the ground. (Take g = 10 m/s2) Solution The final velocity of th...
kerosene, diesel, biogas, are sources of energy in homes, industries. In the process of combustion, the chemical energy in the fuel is converted into heat energy that is converted to other forms as desired. 9. Chemical energy Chemical energy is stored in the chemical bonds of atoms and molecules. It can only be seen w...
Materials: an electric heater, radio, water in a basin. Steps 1. Place the electric heater in the basin with water and connect it to the socket. 2. Put on the switch. Observe and explain what happens after a couple of minutes. Suggest the types of energy involved in this case. 3. Now, disconnect the heater and connect...
um kinetic energy will be maximum. Because of its kinetic energy, it swings up to the other side and now its kinetic energy starts decreases as, potential energy increases at point D until when it reaches the maximum point E where it stops moving momentarily. At that point, it has maximum potential energy but minimum k...
same material and a hot object. The hot object will make the materials to fuse together. Make provisions for water to enter and leave the heat exchanger when required. 1 Hot water Water gains energy Pipes Cold water 2 Fig. 5.31: Heat exchanger Join pipe 1 of the heater collector to pipe 1 of the heat exchanger. Do the...
the machines magnify the force applied. Mechanical advantage is the ratio of load to the effort. It describes how the applied force compares with the load to be moved. A machine with a mechanical advantage (M.A) of 1 does not change the force applied on it. A machine with a M.A of 2 can double your force, so you have ...
distance (s) moved by the trolley along the inclined plane. 7. Determine the work done on the trolley when it is pulled up the inclined plane. 8. Discuss in your group, which of the three ways it was easier to lift the trolley. 9. Analyse what force balanced the force applied as the block was being pulled across the ta...
of two pulley sets. One set is fixed and the other is allowed to move. The pulleys are usually assembled side by side in a block or frame on the same axle as shown in Fig. 6.19 (a). The pulleys and the ropes are called the tackle. To be able to see clearly how the ropes are wound, the pulleys are usually drawn below ea...
31: Single fixed pulley 2.0 x 104 N Winding machine 3.2 × 104 N Fig. 6.32: A winding crane 10. Fig. 6.33 shows a pulley system. (a) What is the velocity ratio of the system? (b) Calculate the efficiency of the system. (c) Show the direction of the force on the string. 11. A block and tackle pulley system has five pulle...
end of the rope to the other are produced. If the disturbance is continuous waves or wave trains are formed. When pulses are produced regularly and give rise to a continuous wave motion. Waves or a wave train is a continuous disturbance of the medium which arises due to the regular pulses being produced. In Activity 7...
rse mode with a frequency of 4 Hz. If the distance between successive crests of the wave train is 0.7 m calculate the speed of the waves along the slinky. Solution λ = 0.7m, ƒ = 4Hz Wave speed = frequency × wavelength = 4Hz × 0.7m = 2.8 m/s Example 7.2 Calculate the frequency of a wave if its speed is 30 cm/s and the w...
air of a tooth brush (bristle) to one of the prongs of a tuning fork. Set the tuning fork into vibration and let the bristle lightly touch the soot on the glass plate. Pull the glass plate gently along a straight line and observe what happens (Fig. 8.3). 219 pull bristle smoked glass plate Fig. 8.3: Vibrating tuning fo...
ation of walls. (Take velocity of sound 340 m/s). 14. Winfred is standing 600 m from a cliff. She bangs two pieces of wood together and hears an echo 3.5 seconds later. Determine the velocity of sound. 15. A spectator watching athletics in a stadium sees the light from the starting gun and hears its sound after 3 secon...
Scientist Benjamin Franklin demonstrated that charged thunder clouds in the atmosphere produce thunderstorms. These thunderstorms produce a lot of sound which we hear as thunder on the earth. Due to the spark discharge occuring between two charged clouds or between a cloud and the earth, electric spark discharge, call...
al distance travelled Total time taken v = 2x1 1.5 ⇒ 2x1 = 1.5 × v ∴ 2x1 = 1.5 × 336 x1 = 252 m From cliff B: v = 2x2 2.5 ∴ 2 x2 = 2.5 × 336 = 840 ⇒ 2 x2 = 2.5 × v x2 = 420 m ∴ The distance between the cliffs is 252 m + 420 m = 672 m (b) The first echo (after 1.5 s) reaches cliff B and returns after 2.5 s. So the man h...
the modes of heat transfer takes place, citing the states of matter through which the processes take place. 3. Describe one application of each type of the above modes of heat transfer in real life. 4. Present your findings to the rest of the class in a class discussion. There are three modes of heat transfer: conducti...
sticks) • Wax Part A Steps • A bunsen burner 1. Take a thin tin lid painted black on one side. Stick a thumb tack with melted wax on the other side. 2. Keep the bunsen burner flame close to the painted side (Fig. 9.9). What happens? Explain. 3. Why do you think the thumb tack falls off after sometime. Explain? wax lid ...
To demonstrate expansion and contraction using the bar and gauge apparatus Materials • A bar and gauge apparatus Steps • Bunsen burner 1. Move the metal bar in and out of the gauge at room temperature (Fig. 9.18). Observe what happens. wooden handle gauge metal bar Fig. 9.18: Bar and gauge apparatus 2. Keep the metal ...
teel antenna tower is 400 m high. Calculate the change in height of the tower hence its new height that takes place when the temperature changes from –19 °C on winter day to 39 °C on a summer day. (Take α = 0.00000649/K 3. A 8 m long rod is heated to 90 °C. If the rod expands to 10 m after some time, calculate its coef...
3 1. Use particles model to explain thermal expansion of solids. 2. Explain why: (a) Steel bridges are usually supported by rollers on one loose side. (b) Metal pipes carrying steam and hot water are fitted with loops. 3. Describe how shrink fitting is done. 4. State two applications of contraction of solids. 5. Name t...
ity you will conduct an investigation to identify the poles of a magnet. 2. Write a brief procedure of the investigation. Execute the procedure and conduct the investigation. After the activity answer the following questions. 3. Compare the direction shown by the compass and that of the suspended bar magnet. 4. Note th...
terials: 2 bar magnets, a magnetic compass Instructions 1. In this activity you will design and carry out an investigation to investigate magnetic field pattern around a magnet. (a) Which direction did the compass needle point? why? (b) What did you observe? Discuss your observation to your class partner. 291 2. Write ...
ise rotation. Similarly, the other end will be anticlockwise. This produces a north seeking pole. A capital 'N' has the ends following anticlockwise rotation. It is observed that the polarity of the magnet produced depends on the direction of the electric current. The steel needle is magnetized by electric method. (c) ...
Magnetic shielding (screening) Magnetic shielding (screening) is the process that limits the coupling of a magnetic field between two locations. It is done using a sheet of metal, metal mesh, ionized gas or plasma. Magnetic keepers Magnetic keepers are bars made from soft iron or steel placed across the poles of perma...

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