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The experimental anti-AIDS glycerophosphatidic acid: nucleoside (sn-1/sn-2 diacylglycerol:dideoxynucleotide) drugs 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine monophosphate diglyceride (AZT-MP-DG) and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine monophosphate diglyceride (ddC-MP-DG) were isolated and purified by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromat... | US |
Rotavirus requires specific proteolytic activation by trypsin for efficient replication in tissue culture. To observe the nature of intestinal proteolytic activation of rotavirus in vivo, metabolically labeled rhesus rotavirus (RRV) grown in the presence of trypsin inhibitors was administered to adult and 10-d-old suck... | US |
We examined the effects of exercise conditioning on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during handgrip and posthandgrip circulatory arrest (PHG-CA). Two conditioning stimuli were studied: forearm dominance and bodybuilding. Static handgrip at 30% maximal voluntary contraction followed by PHG-CA led to a rise in M... | US |
Myeloperoxidase (MPO), H2O2, and chloride form an antimicrobial system in neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) effective against a variety of microorganisms. Normal human PMN, when stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or opsonized zymosan, are viricidal to HIV-1. The viricidal effect was lost when chlor... | US |
Accelerated periodontal tissue destruction in patients with labile insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM) and localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) has been suggested to be related to functional abnormalities of neutrophils. We have recently found that collagenase in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of adult periodon... | US |
The present investigation examined the distribution of 14 subgingival species at a total of 2299 sites in 90 subjects with different levels of periodontal destruction. Subgingival plaque samples taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth were anaerobically dispersed, diluted and plated on non selective media. After ana... | US |
The studies herein describe a B cell hybridoma-derived, low m.w. (less than 1000 Da), hydrophilic mediator denoted B cell activator (BCA). BCA stimulates B cell expression of IgE-specific FcR (Fc epsilon RII or CD23) in a manner similar to IL-4. However, BCA can be readily distinguished from IL-4 because it does not 1)... | US |
IFN-gamma secretion by Th1 cells has been shown to preferentially promote the production of IgG2a in LPS-stimulated murine B lymphocytes. We recently reported that PGE2 potentiated the ability of IFN-gamma to augment IgG2a production in both Ag-specific and polyclonal systems via a cAMP-dependent pathway. Because antib... | US |
Human neutrophils are primed by cytokines for enhanced oxidative metabolism in response to chemotactic factors, but the signal transduction pathways for cytokine activation and priming are unknown. Neutrophil priming may play an important role in mechanisms of host defense and inflammatory responses associated with aut... | US |
Relatively little is known about the transcriptional control of genes expressed late after T cell activation. We have identified four genes expressed 3 to 5 days after T cell activation by alloantigen or mitogen. Here we report the genomic organization of 519, one of these late T cell activation Ag. Analysis of the gen... | US |
Ketorolac tromethamine, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent of the pyrrolo-pyrrole group, was assayed for inhibitory effects on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in a variety of systems. Ketorolac inhibited PMN superoxide anion generation, lysozyme release, myeloperoxidase release, adherence to plastic surfaces... | US |
Electrical properties of ciliated olfactory receptor cells isolated from coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were studied using the whole-cell mode of the patch-clamp recording technique. 1. Voltage-dependent currents could be separated into two inward and three outward conductances, including a Na+ current, Ca2+ curren... | US |
The mapping of the forebrain regions sensitive to beta-endorphin and morphine for antinociception was performed in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. The antinociception was assessed by the tail-flick test. The sites most sensitive to beta-endorphin (2 micrograms) for inhibition of the tail-flick response were located in... | US |
Decerebration and transection of the spinal cord totally abolished the hypotensive and tachycardiac responses to i.c.v injection of nitroglycerin (NTG) and reduced the tachycardia induced by i.v. injection of the drug. The hypotensive responses to i.v. injection of sodium nitroprusside were not altered by decerebration... | US |
Clinical reports indicate that almost 30% of cocaine overdose-related deaths occur 2 to 5 hr after administration, when an appreciable amount of cocaine can be expected to have been converted to metabolites. We investigated the effects of the three major metabolites of cocaine: benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester an... | US |
In mature animals, thyroid hormone is permissive for beta adrenergic receptor expression and adrenergic control of adenylate cyclase. To determine if endogenous thyroid hormones play a similar role in the development of receptors and transduction mechanisms, we administered propylthiouracil perinatally to rat dams and ... | US |
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in the genesis of oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL). Initially, OHL was also associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) as evidenced by staining with antiserum to papillomavirus common structural antigens and reports of two HPV-positive OHL as detected by in situ DNA hybridizatio... | US |
A retrospective study determined that an epizootic of immune suppression and lymphoma in stump-tailed macaques (Macaca arctoides) that began in 1976 was associated with a horizontally spread lentivirus infection. This conclusion was based on serology, epidemiology, pathology, and virus isolation. The lesions found in t... | US |
Two-dimensional 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy has been used to study the 31-base DNA oligonucleotide 5'-dAGAGAGAACCCCTTCTCTCTTTTTCTCTCTT-3', which folds to form a stable intramolecular triplex in solution at acidic pH. This structure is considerably more difficult to assign than short B-DNA duplexes and requires new assignmen... | US |
Measurements are reported of the thermal stability of DNA heteroduplexes between clones of the eta-globin pseudogene from a variety of primates. The known sequences of this 7.1-kb region differ from each over a range from 1.6% for human versus chimp to nearly 12% for human versus spider monkey. Thermal stability was de... | US |
Although 12 different members of the polyomavirus group have now been identified, only SV40 and PyV have been studied extensively. Whereas each member of the group shows a restricted host range, viruses infecting species from birds to humans have been reported. Although little is known concerning the biology of natural... | US |
Recently, we showed that a murine member of the carcinoembryonic antigen family of glycoproteins serves as a cellular receptor (MHVR) for the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus A59 (MHV-A59) (G. S. Dveksler, M. N. Pensiero, C. B. Cardellichio, R. K. Williams, G.-S. Jiang, K. V. Holmes, and C. W. Dieffenbach, J. Virol. 6... | US |
A study was undertaken to determine the rate of viral transmission among naive specific-pathogen-free (SPF) cats living in close contact with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cats. Twenty SPF cats were housed in the same rooms with experimentally FIV-infected seropositive and virus culture-positive cats for... | US |
The adeno-associated virus (AAV) Rep protein is required for both viral DNA replication and transactivation of the AAV promoters. Here we report the effects of mutations in the rep gene on transcription and replication in vivo and terminal repeat binding and terminal resolution site (trs) endonuclease activities in vit... | US |
Infection by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) results in a rapid inhibition of host cell transcription and translation. To determine whether the viral matrix (M) protein was involved in this inhibition of host cell gene expression, an M protein expression vector was cotransfected with a target gene vector, encoding the... | US |
Virulent, wild-type equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is restricted in one or more early steps in replication in equine skin fibroblast cells compared with cell culture-adapted virus, which is fully competent for replication in this cell type. We compared the sequences of wild-type EIAV and a full-length infectious... | US |
Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 and E7 are selectively retained and expressed in HPV16-associated human genital tumors. E6 is active in several cell culture assays, including transformation of NIH 3T3 cells, trans activation of the adenovirus E2 promoter, and cooperation with E7 to immortalize normal human kera... | US |
Mutations at multiple sites within the simian virus 40 (SV40) early region yield large T antigens which interfere trans dominantly with the replicative activities of wild-type T antigen. A series of experiments were conducted to study possible mechanisms of interference with SV40 DNA replication caused by these mutant ... | US |
Retroviruses, pararetroviruses, and related retrotransposons generate terminally redundant RNAs by transcription of a template flanked by long terminal repeats in which initiation occurs within the 5' long terminal repeat sequences and 3'-end processing occurs within the 3' long terminal repeat sequences. Processing of... | US |
The role of the N-linked glycosylation sites in the major envelope glycoprotein, SU (gp70), of Moloney murine leukemia virus has been examined. By using site-specific oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, each of the seven glycan addition sites has been individually eliminated. Mutations resulting in the loss of a sing... | US |
Previous studies (F. C. Purves, D. Spector, and B. Roizman, J. Virol. 65:5757-5764, 1991) have shown that the protein kinase encoded by the U(S)3 gene mediates posttranslational modification of a viral phosphoprotein with an apparent M(r) of 30,000 encoded by the UL34 gene. Here we report the following. (i) UL34 protei... | US |
The receptor for gp70 envelope glycoprotein of murine ecotropic leukemia virus is essential for virus entry into the host cell and has been recently demonstrated to function as a cationic amino acid transporter. In the experiments reported herein, we compared the gene expression of the murine ecotropic retroviral recep... | US |
The hepatitis B virus X gene encodes a transcription activator which stimulates the synthesis of RNAs from a variety of class II and III promoter elements. In this report, we present a mutational analysis which genetically demonstrates that the X gene actually encodes two, and possibly three, related polypeptides from ... | US |
The tegument proteins of human cytomegalovirus are introduced into cells as components of infectious virus. The tegument proteins may affect viral and cellular transcription prior to the synthesis of the immediate-early viral regulatory proteins. The phosphorylated tegument protein of 71 kDa (pp71) is reported to be en... | US |
We have asked how the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early 1 (IE1) and 2 (IE2) proteins act to transactivate heterologous cellular and viral promoters. Here we show that transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat and the 70,000-molecular-weight heat shock protein (hsp70) promoter by... | United Kingdom |
Chronic infection of rabbits was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV)-infected cells. Ten BIV-infected animals were monitored serologically for up to 2 years. Results of serologic and virus rescue assays indicated that all animals became infected and demonstrated a r... | US |
The structural proteins of the budgerigar fledgling disease virus, the first known nonmammalian polyomavirus, were analyzed by isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The major capsid protein VP1 was found to be composed of at least five distinct species having iso... | US |
The poliovirus capsid precursor polyprotein, P1, is cotranslationally modified by the addition of myristic acid. We have examined the importance of myristylation of the P1 capsid precursor during the poliovirus assembly process by using a recently described recombinant vaccinia virus expression system which allows the ... | US |
Infection of quiescent CV-1 cells with simian virus 40 mutant tsA30 at 37 degrees C resulted in the induction of two rounds of cellular DNA synthesis in T-antigen-positive cells, as previously described for wild-type simian virus 40. Following infection with tsA30 at 40.5 degrees C, T-antigen-positive cells were induce... | US |
Embryonic fibroblasts and kidney epithelial cells from beta 2-microglobulin-deficient mice were as infectible by polyomavirus as cells from normal littermates were, as judged by expression of nuclear viral capsid antigen, development of cytopathic effects, and yields of infectious virus. We conclude that expression of ... | US |
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent infection membrane protein 1 (LMP1) has previously been shown to cause EBV-negative B-lymphoma cells to grow in large clumps and to alter expression of surface activation and adhesion molecules (D. Wang, D. Liebowitz, F. Wang, C. Gregory, A. Rickinson, R. Larson, T. Springer, and E. ... | US |
Species of the genus Drosophila, commonly known as "fruitflies," are good model systems for research in aging. Drosophila are extremely well-known genetically, developmentally, and otherwise. They are also genetically analogous to mammalian species in most important respects. Previous work with Drosophila has been hamp... | US |
Although Mus caroli is being used in a number of laboratories as an experimental animal, basic information concerning its life span, reproductive ability, and age-related pathologies has been unavailable. Here we present this basic information, and discuss the similarities to and differences from the laboratory mouse, ... | US |
Dietary copper-deficient guinea pig dams (0.8 microgram Cu/g diet) were administered oxytocin to induce delivery of pups, whereas dietary copper-sufficient guinea pig dams (5.8 micrograms Cu/g diet) had uneventful deliveries with 79% surviving pups. The copper-deficient dams carried the fully-formed fetuses to term but... | US |
An antigenic variant of the neurotropic murine coronavirus JHMV, designated 2.2-V-1, causes marked demyelination in the relative absence of encephalitis. It is thus useful for the study of the pathogenesis of demyelinating lesions. To better understand the sequential events leading to demyelination, we have examined mu... | US |
Myelodysplastic features and myeloperoxidase (MPO) deficiency have been investigated in a series of 336 cases of de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to clarify their impact on the outcome of such patients and to compare with the previous results from the literature. Dysplastic features were defined according to the FA... | US |
Erythropoietin (Epo) is the major regulator of erythroid viability, proliferation, and differentiation. These functions are transduced following binding of Epo to a specific cell surface receptor, the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR), a member of a new cytokine receptor superfamily of receptors. An activating mutation in... | US |
We compared cardiovascular responses to various adrenergic agonists in conscious 3-month and 12-month old rats that had been treated with propranolol daily for 7 days, to determine whether changes in beta-adrenergic hypersensitivity induced by abrupt propranolol withdrawal would differ with age. Depressor and tachycard... | US |
We undertook a deletional analysis of the gypsy retrotransposon in order to determine which sequences of the element are required for its mutagenic effect. We show that a phenotype indistinguishable from that of y2 flies can be generated by transforming y- flies with a construct containing the yellow gene and a gypsy e... | US |
Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) mediate the regulation of gene transcription by thyroid hormone (T3) by binding to T3-responsive elements (TREs) in target genes. c-erbA alpha 2 is a C-terminal TR variant which does not bind T3 and is a dominant inhibitor of T3 action. When synthesized in Escherichia Coli, alpha 2 forme... | US |
Sequence similarity between the termini of invertebrate Tcl-like transposable sequences and the signal sequences of the vertebrate immunoglobulin somatic recombination pathway is described. These similarities suggest that the Tcl transposition pathway may share common sequence-specific binding factors with the immunogl... | US |
Immunoreactivity for two derivatives of pro-opiomelanocortin, beta-endorphin and alpha-melanocortin (or corticotropin), was demonstrated, using a conventional immunoperoxidase method, in some of the intramuscular nerves in muscle sections from obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice and homozygous lean (+/+) mice. The endplate reg... | United Kingdom |
In this study we have evaluated the second messenger system that might couple 5-HT1A receptor activation to produce peripheral hyperalgesia. The intradermal injection of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) receptor agonist for the 1A receptor subset (5-HT1A), (+/-)-2-dipropylamino-8-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaph... | US |
Two subpopulations of striatal neurons, Type I and Type II, are distinguished by their contrasting electrophysiological responses to paired impulse stimulation of cortical afferents. Although both Type I and Type II striatal neurons are excited by the first impulse of any pair of impulses, in response to short intersti... | US |
Massive infantile spasms (MIS), a seizure disorder unique to infants, is considered an age-dependent response of the immature brain to various insults and stressors. The seizures improve with ACTH and glucocorticoids, both major components of the brain-adrenal axis. We hypothesized that CNS levels of these hormones are... | US |
To study the role of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in fetal lung development, the distribution of bFGF peptide and FGF receptor (FGF-R) was examined by immunohistochemistry in embryonic and fetal rat lung [d 12 to term (term = 22 d)]. Throughout development bFGF was localized to airway epithelial cells, their b... | US |
Previous studies have demonstrated that myocardial function changes during mammalian perinatal development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the subcellular basis underlying the slower relaxation in the developing heart by examining perinatal changes in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function, and in SR Ca2+ pump... | US |
Apolipoprotein[a], the highly glycosylated, hydrophilic apoprotein of lipoprotein[a] (Lp[a]), is generally considered to be a multimeric homologue of plasminogen, and to exhibit atherogenic/thrombogenic properties. The cDNA-inferred amino acid sequence of apo[a] indicates that apo[a], like plasminogen and some zymogens... | US |
Earlier investigations suggested that histamine H2-receptors mediate alterations in cerebrovascular permeability in mammals. The objective of this study was to observe the effects of the H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine on histamine-stimulated alterations in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) of rats. N... | US |
The morphology, laminar distribution, and distribution relative to cytochrome oxidase patches of neuropeptide-Y immunoreactive (NPY-ir) neurons were studied in the human striate cortex. The density of NPY-ir cells was highest in the white matter. NPY-ir neurons were sparsely distributed within the cortical layers. NPY-... | US |
Microinjection of either mu- or delta-opioid agonists into the nucleus accumbens produces an increased locomotor activity, and when the dopaminergic innervation of the nucleus accumbens is bilaterally lesioned, the locomotor response to the microinjection of mixed mu- and delta-opioid agonists is augmented. To determin... | US |
Bovine area postrema tissue was used as a convenient source of tissue for studies of brain 5HT3 receptors. 5HT3 receptor density was determined to be 97 +/- 5 fmol/mg and 124 +/- 10 fmol/mg of protein using the commercially available 5HT3 radioligands, 3H-GR65630 and 3H-BRL43694, respectively. The equilibrium dissociat... | US |
When the viral proteins VP3 and VP7 of bluetongue virus (BTV) are expressed simultaneously in the baculovirus system, core-like particles form spontaneously. The 3-D structure of these core-like particles, determined from cryo-electron micrographs, reveals an icosahedral structure 72.5 nm in diameter with 200 triangula... | US |
We report the development of a method that should allow the insertion of a selective marker into any region of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome of strain B95-8 through homologous recombination with plasmids. In this method, EBV recombinants are isolated as G418-resistant, immortalized B-cell clones or as G418-resist... | US |
Several polypeptide products of MHV-A59 ORF 1a were characterized in MHV-A59 infected DBT cells, using antisera directed against fusion proteins encoded in the first 6.5 kb of ORF1a. These included the previously identified N-terminal ORF 1a product, p28, as well as 290-, 240-, and 50-kDa polypeptides. P28 was always d... | US |
The nucleotide sequence of the P gene of human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hPIV1) strain C35 was determined directly from genomic viral RNA and by molecular cloning. The gene contained 1893 nucleotides. Four open reading frames (ORF) capable of encoding a P protein (568 amino acids; M(r) = 64,784), a C' protein (219 am... | US |
The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) immediate-early regulatory proteins ICP27 and ICP0 each encode putative zinc-finger metal-binding domains. We utilized the technique of metal chelate affinity chromatography to demonstrate that ICP27 and ICP0 were able to bind to zinc in vitro. This property was further exploited... | US |
Mouse hepatitis virus has been shown to undergo RNA recombination at high frequency during mixed infection. Temperature-sensitive mutants were isolated using 5-fluorouracil and 5-azacytidine as mutagen. Six RNA+ mutants that reside within a single complementation group mapping within the S glycoprotein gene of MHV-A59 ... | US |
The protective efficacy of anti-Sendai virus IgA was compared to that of IgG after topical application of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to the respiratory tract of mice. BALB/c mice were passively intranasally immunized with 50 microliters ascites containing equivalent ELISA titers of MAb 1 h before and 4 and 24 h after ... | US |
Utilizing the whole-cell patch-clamp method we assessed the Ca2+ current (ICa) in well-established cell lines from human small-cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung, NCI-H209 and NCI-H187. The Ca2+ current was readily observed in H209 tumour cells (90% of the cells tested), whereas H187 tumour cells only occasionally expres... | US |
Seven adult rhesus monkeys ranging in age from 5 to 35 years were studied in an ultrastructural investigation of cortical area 4. Some Betz cells of layer 5 contained a perikaryal inclusion body (IB) of a unique and characteristic ultrastructural configuration that has not previously been described. The IBs consist of ... | US |
To review the long-term outcome of patients with recurrent and refractory germ cell tumors treated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow rescue. | US |
Recent reports show that cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and intravenously administered interleukin-6 (IL-6) stimulate adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release. Both IL-1 and TNF are known to be potent inducers of IL-6, a monokine produced by activated monocytes and folliculo-stell... | US |
Progress in opioid research relies heavily on ligands as probes to evaluate selectivity of action. The design of such ligands using naltrexone as a precursor has afforded a number of highly selective antagonists. These include the kappa opioid receptor antagonist, norBNI, and delta opioid receptor antagonists, NTI and ... | US |
A restriction map of a 13.5-kb EcoRI fragment encoding beta-lactamase from a plasmid isolated from enterococcal strain PA was prepared and found to differ markedly from the published maps of beta-lactamase-encoding EcoRI fragments of two staphylococcal plasmids and the plasmid from enterococcal strain HH22. This compar... | US |
The antifungal agent amphotericin B (AmB) alters neutrophil (polymorphonuclear leukocyte [PMN]) function, and this may be the mechanism for some of the adverse effects caused by AmB. AmB is a potent inhibitor of PMN migration, increases PMN adherence and aggregation, and primes PMN for increased oxidative activity in r... | US |
The effect of mammalian and bacterial topoisomerase II inhibitors on Leishmania promastigotes was studied in vitro. Parasites were incubated with drugs, and cytotoxicity was assessed on the basis of the loss of flagellar motility and cell lysis after 48 h. 9-Aminoacridines, which are structurally related to the known a... | US |
A two stage assay for detecting insulin mediator based upon its stimulation of soluble pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) phosphatase to activate soluble pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) has been developed. This coupled assay determines the activation of PDC by monitoring production of [14C]CO2 from [1-14C]pyruvic acid. ... | US |
Myeloperoxidase (MPO), which displays considerable amino acid sequence homology with thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and lactoperoxidase (LPO), was tested for its ability to catalyze iodination of thyroglobulin and coupling of two diiodotyrosyl residues within thyroglobulin to form thyroxine. After 1 min of incubation in a sy... | US |
A primary response of the avian intestine to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] is increased synthesis of a 28-kD calcium-binding protein, calbindin-D28k (CaBP). This study examined whether 1,25-(OH)2D3 regulates CaBP gene transcription by an interaction of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) with a vitamin D-responsive ... | US |
We have studied the effects of ACTH treatment on steroid hydroxylase activities in the inner (zona reticularis) and outer (zona fasciculata plus zona glomerulosa) zones of the guinea pig adrenal cortex. Animals received 5 or 10 U of ACTH daily for 6 days and enzyme activities were then assessed in isolated microsomal o... | US |
In the past five years, several groups have reported acute myeloid leukemia (AML) often monoblastic, as a complication of chemotherapy regimens including the epipodophyllotoxins, etoposide and teniposide. This syndrome is distinct clinically, pathologically and cytogenetically from classical therapy-related myelodyspla... | US |
The reversible folding of cytochrome c in urea at pH 4.0 was investigated by repetitive pressure perturbation kinetics and by equilibrium spectroscopic methods. Two folding reactions were observed in the 1 ms to 10 s time range. The rates and amplitudes of these reactions depend on urea concentration in a complex manne... | US |
The phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) from mammalian sources catalyzes the simultaneous formation of both inositol 1,2-cyclic phosphate (IcP) and inositol 1-phosphate (IP). It has not been established whether the two products are formed in sequential or parallel reactions, even though the latter ha... | US |
N-Acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (GlcNAcPTase) was solubilized with 2% Tergitol NP-10 from cultured human lymphoblast cells and purified 3840-fold with 14% recovery using lentil lectin-Sepharose 4B, DEAE-Sephacel and Sephacryl S-400 chromatographies. The partially purified enzyme requires the non-ionic detergen... | US |
Two new homonuclear three-dimensional NMR techniques are described for the simplification of proton resonance assignment in oligosaccharides, namely HOHAHA-COSY and ROESY-COSY. The former technique is of value in the resonance assignment of gluco-configuration monosaccharide residues, whereas the latter is more suited ... | United Kingdom |
N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation generates nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) and produces 'excitotoxic' neuronal injury. To examine the possible role of cGMP in excitotoxicity, we evaluated the effects of agents that stimulate or inhibit cGMP activity on the release of lactate dehydrogenase from ne... | US |
The APR, also known as LRP, gene is highly homologous to the low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-receptor and encodes a cell surface molecule with biochemical properties consistent with function as a lipoprotein receptor. This gene has been mapped to human chromosomal bands 12q13-q14, a region commonly altered in tumors of a... | US |
Karyotypes of 36 lymphoblastoid cell lines established by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of eight normal individuals and 28 patients with various nonhematologic malignancies were analyzed. In seven lines (19.4%), cells with trisomy 12 were noted, with clonality in two of t... | US |
The generation of infectious defective interfering (DI) particles of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) entirely from cDNA clones is reported. Bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase was used to direct the transcription of a complete negative-stranded genomic RNA from a cDNA clone of a VSV DI RNA in cells simultaneously expressi... | US |
Reversion of haploid, His4- yeast containing a stem-loop mutation in the 5' UTR that blocks HIS4 translation initiation identified four unlinked suppressor genes, SSL1-SSL4, which restore His4+ expression. The SSL2 gene encodes an essential 95 kd protein with ATP-dependent helicase motifs. SSL2 protein is 54% identical... | US |
We have used cloned T cell receptor (TCR) genes from closely related CD4 T cell lines to probe the interaction of the TCR with several specific major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II ligands. Complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) equivalents of both alpha and beta TCR chains are required for antigen-MHC ... | US |
Studies were designed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the augmentation by angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors of the endothelium-dependent relaxations evoked by bradykinin. Isometric tension, tissue levels of cGMP, and transmembrane potential were measured in isolated canine coronary arteries as i... | US |
Intravital microscopy was used to study the effect of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) on microvascular adrenoceptor sensitivity in rat cremaster skeletal muscle. NG-Monomethyl L-arginine (L-NMMA, 1-300 microM), an inhibitor of EDRF formation, produced concentration-dependent constriction of arterioles and ve... | US |
To elucidate the pathophysiological role of the hydroxyl radical (.OH) during the postischemic reperfusion of the heart, we measured the .OH product in the coronary effluent from isolated perfused rat heart during a 30-minute reperfusion period after various ischemic intervals of 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 60 minutes. Sali... | US |
We have shown previously that connexin43 in the adult rat central nervous system (CNS) is predominantly localized at astrocytic gap junctions. Here we document immunohistochemically the emergence of connexin43-immunoreactive (connexin43-IR) structures and the regional patterns of connexin43 expression during postnatal ... | US |
Neuronal activity has been shown to influence pattern formation in the visual system. In the present study, we determined whether or not this was also true in the somatosensory system by silencing the primary somatosensory cortex of rats with tetrodotoxin (TTX) for the first 7-11 days of life. Application of TTX during... | US |
Relatively little is known about physiological regulators of hypothalamic beta-endorphin (END) secretion and mechanisms by which they stimulate secretion. We sought to determine whether activation of the cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathway was involved in stimulating hypothalamic beta-END secretion from dissocia... | US |
The expression and induction of heat shock proteins (HSPs) were examined in cultured SV-40-transformed human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)-derived cells following exposure to chemical oxidants. Concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and the organic oxidants tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide and linoleic ac... | US |
Na,K-ATPase, an enzyme intrinsic to the membrane of most cells, is inhibited in cataract. Na,K-ATPase, activity in clear non-cataractous lenses is found predominantly in the lens epithelium. The lens fiber cells would appear to be unique, among mammalian cells in that Na,K-ATPase activity is low if not absent. The stud... | US |
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