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1. Calcium current (ICa) activation was studied in denervated extensor digitorum longus muscle fibres of the rat. Denervation was performed by surgically removing 6-8 mm of the sciatic nerve at the sciatic notch. Controls were normal fibres from non-operated rats. Electrical recordings were carried out using the double... | US |
1. Single cardiomyocytes of 18-day-old rat fetuses were isolated to characterize the cardiac Ca2+ channels in the fetal period, using whole-cell voltage clamp (Na+, K(+)-free external solution and K(+)-free internal solution), and depolarizing test pulses from a holding potential (HP) of -87 mV were applied. 2. The Ca2... | US |
1. The close association of muscle and neurons in Ascaris suum makes it difficult to determine whether spikes recorded from nerve cords originate in muscle or neurons. We have developed criteria that distinguish muscle and neuronal activity. There are two categories of extracellular spikes. 2. The first category consis... | US |
The effects of the organophosphorus anticholinesterase paraoxon on the binding of radioactive ligands to the M3 subtype of the muscarinic receptor and receptor-coupled synthesis of second messengers in intact rat submaxillary gland (SMG) cells were investigated. The binding of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate ([3H]QNB) was ... | US |
The Ca2+ activated neutral protease calpain II in a concentration-dependent manner sequentially degrades the junctional foot protein (JFP) of rabbit skeletal muscle triad junctions in either the triad membrane or as the pure protein. This progression is inhibited by calmodulin. Calpain initially cleaves the 565 kDa JFP... | US |
Gap junctions contain intercellular channels which are formed by members of a group of related proteins called connexins. Connexins contain conserved transmembrane and extracellular domains, but unique cytoplasmic regions which may provide connexin-specific physiologic properties. We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR... | US |
The effects of cyclic GMP (cGMP), carbachol and diltiazem on a potassium-selective, delayed-rectifier current in freshly dissociated rabbit corneal epithelial cells were studied using a modified perforated-patch-clamp technique. The current was stimulated by both 500 microM cGMP (2.3-4.5-fold, mean = 2.9) and 250 nM ca... | US |
The structure of glycerinated Lethocerus insect flight muscle fibers, relaxed by spin-labeled ATP and vanadate (Vi), was examined using X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (e.p.r.) spectra. We obtained excellent relaxation of MgATP quality as determined by mechanical criteria, usi... | US |
We reinvestigated the issue of whether l-palmitoylcarnitine inhibits the Na/K pump in the heart. The effects of l-palmitoylcarnitine or ouabain on the Na/K pump current were studied with the voltage-clamp technique in isolated guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. In myocytes bathed in Tyrode's solution, l-palmitoylcarnitin... | US |
The effects of chronic hypoxia on isolated neonatal rat cardiac myocytes were investigated in a model system of myocardial hypoxia. Spontaneously beating myocardiocytes were cultured for up to one week inside an environmental chamber at an oxygen tension of between 4 and 8 mmHg. In order to stimulate a chronic reduced ... | US |
Alterations in cellular membrane structure and the subsequent failure of its function after CNS ischemia were monitored by analyzing changes in the plasma membrane marker enzyme (Na(+) + K(+)-ATPase. The levels of two isozymes of (Na(+) + K(+)-ATPase, alpha+ and alpha, which have distinct cellular and anatomical distri... | US |
Northern blot, immunoprecipitation, and gel electrophoretic data demonstrate that the mouse neuroblastoma NB2a/d1 cells express ependymin mRNA and synthesize and release into the culture medium a protein with immunoreactivity and electrophoretic mobility properties identical to ependymin. This is a brain extracellular ... | US |
Concerted integration of retroviral DNA termini, which produces a characteristic duplication of sequences at the integration site and formation of the proviral state, is a necessary step of the retroviral life cycle. We investigated the pairwise integration reaction catalyzed by purified avian retrovirus integrase by m... | US |
Modification of the herpes simplex virus type 1 major DNA-binding protein (ICP8) with reagents and conditions specific for arginine, lysine, and tyrosine residues indicates that surface lysine and tyrosine residues are required for the interaction of this protein with single-stranded DNA. Modification of either of thes... | US |
Cells can be persistently infected with human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPF3) by using a high multiplicity of infection (MOI) (> or = 5 PFU per cell). The persistently infected cells exhibit no cytopathic effects and do not fuse with each other, yet they readily fuse with uninfected cells. We have previously shown th... | US |
The EFII cis element is a 38-bp sequence at the 5' end of the Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat, extending from nucleotides -229 to -192 (with respect to the viral transcription start site), which is recognized by sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins in avian fibroblast nuclear extracts (L. Sealy and R. Chalkle... | US |
Simian virus 40 (SV40) was isolated from the brains of three rhesus monkeys and the kidneys of two other rhesus monkeys with simian immunodeficiency virus-induced immunodeficiency. A striking feature of these five cases was the tissue specificity of the SV40 replication. SV40 was also isolated from the kidney of a Taiw... | US |
The 21-bp repeat region of simian virus 40 (SV40) activates viral transcription and DNA replication and contains binding sites for many cellular proteins, including Sp1, LSF, ETF, Ap2, Ap4, GT-1B, H16, and p53, and for the SV40 large tumor antigen. We have attempted to reduce the complexity of this region while maintai... | US |
Infected-cell protein 4 (ICP4), the major regulatory protein in herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, was previously reported to accept 32P from [32P]NAD in isolated nuclei. This modification was attributed to poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (C. M. Preston and E. L. Notarianni, Virology 131:492-501, 1983). We determined that an antib... | US |
Penetration of a cell membrane as an early event in infection of cells by mammalian reoviruses appears to require a particular type of viral particle, the infectious subvirion particle (ISVP), which is generated from an intact virion by proteolytic cleavage of the outer capsid proteins sigma 3 and mu 1/mu 1C. Character... | US |
Using second-site homologous recombination, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) recombinants were constructed which carry an LMP2A mutation terminating translation at codon 19. Despite the absence of LMP2A or LMP2A cross-reactive protein, the recombinants were able to initiate and maintain primary B-lymphocyte growth transformati... | US |
Full-length and subgenomic poliovirus RNAs were transcribed in vitro and transfected into HeLa cells to study viral RNA replication in vivo. RNAs with deletion mutations were analyzed for the ability to replicate in either the absence or the presence of helper RNA by using a cotransfection procedure and Northern (RNA) ... | US |
We investigated the molecular properties of eight temperature-sensitive mutants of simian virus 40 large T antigen (tsA mutants). The mutants have single amino acid substitutions that block DNA replication at 39 to 41 degrees C in vivo. In vitro, five of the mutant proteins were highly sensitive to a brief heat shock a... | US |
We have characterized the simian virus 40 (SV40) origin-containing DNA (ori-DNA) replication functions of two SV40 conditional mutant T antigens: tsA438 A-V (tsA58) and tsA357 R-K (tsA30). Both tsA mutant T antigens, immunopurified from recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells, mediated replication of SV40 ori-DNA... | US |
Norwalk virus capsid protein was produced by expression of the second and third open reading frames of the Norwalk virus genome, using a cell-free translation system and baculovirus recombinants. Analysis of the expressed products showed that the second open reading frame encodes a protein with an apparent molecular we... | US |
Initial studies determined whether intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of BALB/c mice with 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg of adriamycin (a cardiotoxic anthracycline antibiotic) for times ranging between 1 and 9 weeks prior to i.p. injection of 10(5) PFU of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) would alter the severity of virus-induced myocarditi... | US |
Avian leukosis virus (ALV) induces bursal lymphoma in chickens after integration of proviral long terminal repeat (LTR) enhancer sequences next to the c-myc proto-oncogene. Labile LTR-binding proteins appear to be essential for c-myc hyperexpression, since both LTR-enhanced transcription and the activities of LTR-bindi... | US |
Glycoprotein D (gD) is a structural component of the herpes simplex virus envelope which is essential for virus penetration. The function of this protein is highly dependent on its structure, and its structure is dependent on maintenance of three intact disulfide bonds. gD contains six cysteines in its ectodomain whose... | US |
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) encodes a dUTPase which has been shown to be dispensable for normal viral replication in cultured cells (S. J. Caradonna and Y. Cheng, J. Biol. Chem. 256:9834-9837, 1981; F. B. Fisher and V. G. Preston, Virology 148:190-197, 1986). However, the importance of this enzyme in vivo has n... | US |
The UL9 gene of herpes simplex virus encodes a protein that specifically recognizes sequences within the viral origins of replication and exhibits helicase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities. The specific DNA binding domain of the UL9 protein was localized to the carboxy-terminal one-third of the molecule (H. M. Weir,... | US |
The disulfide-linked glycoprotein B (gB; gp55-116) complex of human cytomegalovirus represents the most abundant and immunogenic component of the virion envelope. We have studied the oligomerization and transport of this molecule, using a series of murine monoclonal antibodies. Our results indicated that oligomerizatio... | US |
The present study was designed to compare the area density of smooth muscle, and the binding and functional properties of alpha 1 adrenoceptors in 8 different regions of the canine prostate. The area density of smooth muscle, alpha 1 adrenoceptor density, and contractile response to phenylephrine were investigated usin... | US |
To examine women's access to treatment for alcohol problems in terms of the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment-seeking patterns of problem drinkers in a range of alcohol-specific and nonspecialized health care systems. | US |
To address the hypotheses that dietary fat increases and fiber decreases the risk of breast cancer. | US |
Modification of dietary fatty acid (FA) has been shown to affect the incidence of hypertension and coronary artery disease. We studied whether these effects involve changes in the receptor characteristics of vasoactive substance. Characteristics of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptors were examined in glomeruli i... | US |
Acute elevations in intracellular adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations are known to increase ionic chloride permeability in diverse tissues. To determine if chronic endogenous increases in cAMP are associated with sustained alterations in membrane ionic permeabilities, renal cortical brush border ... | US |
Infiltration of glomerular mesangium by monocytes/macrophages is a prominent pathologic finding in many forms of glomerulonephritis (GN). While the mechanism(s) by which infiltration occurs is incompletely understood, monocyte adhesion to glomerular endothelial cells, provoked by inflammatory mediators, appears to be a... | US |
Cytokines are polypeptides which possess various biological properties affecting host defense function and response to disease. Two cytokines, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induce fever, hypotension and inflammation when injected into animals or human subjects. In humans injected with either IL-1... | US |
The etiology of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common form of glomerulonephritis in the world, remains an enigma. Episodes of nephritis are frequently preceded by acute viral respiratory syndromes, but few experimental models associated with acute viral infection exist. | US |
This article has attempted to bring the reader up to date on advances in selected facets of the area of reactive oxygen intermediate-induced ischemic injury. Specifically, we have discussed the more recent reports that provide evidence for the presence of these species in reperfused ischemic tissue. In addition, we hav... | US |
Sepsis induces primary myocardial dysfunction. Yet, both hyper- and hypodynamic cardiac states characterize the sepsis syndrome, suggesting a modulatory role of septic mediators. Platelet activating factor (PAF), implicated in the pathogenesis of sepsis, is an endogenous phospholipid with diverse intracellular and extr... | US |
Chronic supraventricular (or ventricular) tachycardia causes a dilated cardiomyopathy. Effective treatment requires ablation of the tachycardia using antiarrhythmic agents, cryoablation, electroablation, or surgical interruption/excision. However, the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for the developme... | US |
During the course of serial transplantations of polyomavirus-induced C3H-Bittner salivary gland epitheliomas in F1-hybrid mice, three tumor sublines were found which gave rise to T-cell lymphomas of host origin. The lymphomas resembled spontaneous AKR/J thymic lymphomas in their expression of lymphoid differentiation a... | US |
In this study we combined EEG and intracerebral microdialysis techniques in freely behaving rats. Various drugs were delivered into the hippocampus and cerebral cortex by means of microdialysis and, simultaneously, the EEG activity of the dialyzed area was monitored. The microdialysis procedure itself, when artificial ... | US |
A simple and highly sensitive assay for measuring total digitonin in biological samples is described. The assay is based on the ability of digitonin to hemolyze red blood cells. The precision and reproducibility of the assay was excellent with intra- and inter-assay variabilities of less than 1% and 6%, respectively. T... | US |
The current study was designed to determine the nucleotide sequence of two distinct T-cell-receptor delta chain (TCR delta) rearrangements which account for 95% of all rearranged alleles in common non-T, non-B lymphoid precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (LP-ALL). The results presented demonstrate that TCR delta rea... | US |
A novel hematopoietic antigen was identified using a murine monoclonal antibody raised against KG-1 cells. This antigen, termed MKW, was also detected on the surface of the monocytic cell line U937, but not on the K562, ML1, or HL-60 cell lines. On normal hematopoietic cells, the antigen is expressed on the surface of ... | US |
The elderly suffer higher rates of morbidity and mortality from infectious disease than younger adults. Since neutrophils are the first line of defense against infection the vulnerability to infection of the elderly may be due, at least in part, to age-related changes in neutrophils (PMNs). Previous studies have sugges... | US |
Bacteroides compound transposons encoding erm resistance are highly homologous but previous studies have shown some divergence of Tn4551. Results presented here describe a novel Tn4551 streptomycin-resistance gene, aadS, that was phenotypically silent in wild-type Bacteroides. However, aadS expression could be activate... | US |
The lactose-controlling elements have been considered to be the simple paradigm of a cis-acting genetic regulatory system, containing a promoter whose activity is modulated by an operator and a catabolite gene activator protein (CAP)-binding site. The reality is considerably more complex. We now know that transcription... | US |
Glucocorticoid hormones increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in vivo. However, there is little known about the mechanism by which glucocorticoids alter HDL metabolism. Hep G2 cells were incubated with dexamethasone to determine the effect of glucocorticoids on apolipoprotein (apo) A-I secretion. Dexamethasone... | US |
Prior studies indicate that cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and calcium calmodulin-dependent multifunctional protein kinase II (CaM-KII) inhibit Na(+)-H+ exchanger as assayed in octyl glucoside solubilized rabbit renal brush border membrane proteins reconstituted into artificial lipid vesicles. An anion exchange ch... | US |
Two antipeptide antibody preparations were raised against deduced amino acid sequences within the presumed second extra-cellular loop (antibody TP/1) and the carboxyl-terminal domain (antibody TP/2) of the canine-derived A2 adenosine receptor (A2AR) cDNA species termed RDC8. Immunoblotting of canine liver plasma membra... | US |
In the treatment of spasticity, the therapeutic cerebrospinal fluid levels of (+/-)-baclofen, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)B receptor agonist, are below 1 microM. However, the mechanism of the therapeutic action of (+/-)-baclofen remains unknown, because, for the most part, the action of (+/-)-baclofen on GABAB rece... | US |
The density of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)1B receptors and their coupling to the inhibition of cAMP accumulation were investigated in opossum kidney cells maintained in culture. The density and properties of the receptor were determined using [125I] iodocyanopindolol as the radioligand. The pharmacological specificity o... | US |
2',3'-Dideoxyguanosine (ddGuo) is a selective inhibitor of the replication of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro and the most active antihepadnavirus nucleoside analog known in vitro and in vivo, in a Peking duck model. However, the exact route by which this and related guanosine analogs are anabolized to their puta... | US |
9-(2-Phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) is a selective and potent inhibitor of retrovirus and herpesvirus replication in vitro and in vivo. In cell culture studies, pretreatment of HeLa S3 cells with PMEA before infection enhanced its antiviral potency by almost 10-fold, compared with treatment of the cells only aft... | US |
T-cell activation results in the production of multiple lymphokines. Efficient lymphokine gene expression appears to require both T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signal transduction and an uncharacterized second or costimulatory signal. CD28 is a T-cell differentiation antigen that can generate intracellular signals that... | US |
The adenovirus immediate-early protein E1A activates the adenovirus E2 promoter and several cellular gene promoters through transcription factor E2F. The immediate-early proteins of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can complement an E1A-deficient adenovirus mutant and activate the adenovirus E2 promoter. HCMV also has been... | US |
Differentiation of skeletal muscle cells is inhibited by the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signal transduction pathway. Here we report that the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) can substitute for cAMP and suppress muscle-specific transcription by silencing the activity of the MyoD family of regulatory facto... | US |
The vitamin hormone retinoic acid (RA) regulates many complex biological programs. The hormonal signals are mediated at the level of transcription by multiple nuclear receptors. These receptors belong to the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily that also includes a large number of orphan receptors whose biologi... | US |
c-jun is a member of the family of immediate-early genes whose expression is induced by factors such as serum stimulation, phorbol ester, and differentiation signals. Here we show that increased Jun synthesis after serum stimulation is accompanied by a concomitant increase in phosphorylation. Several serine-threonine k... | US |
Activation of either muscarinic cholinergic or thrombin receptors increases phosphoinositide turnover, Ca2+ mobilization, and redistribution of protein kinase C and induces rapid transient increases in c-fos mRNA and c-jun mRNA in 1321N1 cells. To determine whether the increases in c-fos and c-jun mRNA induced by carba... | US |
We have previously reported on the presence of a CArG motif at -100 in the Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat which binds an avian nuclear protein termed enhancer factor III (EFIII) (A. Boulden and L. Sealy, Virology 174:204-216, 1990). By all analyses, EFIII protein appears to be the avian homolog of the serum re... | US |
We have previously shown that the delta E3 site is an essential element for transcriptional activation by the human T-cell receptor (TCR) delta enhancer and identified two factors, NF-delta E3A and NF-delta E3C, that bound to overlapping core (TGTGGTTT) and E-box motifs within delta E3. In this study, we show that prot... | US |
Terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes is inhibited by 1 microM retinoic acid, a concentration which induces differentiation in a number of cell types, including F9 teratocarcinoma cells. The molecular basis for these opposing retinoid responses is unknown, although retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retin... | US |
Protein phosphatase 2A is composed of three subunits: the catalytic subunit C and two regulatory subunits, A and B. The A subunit consists of 15 nonidentical repeats and has a rodlike shape. It is associated with the B and C subunits as well as with the simian virus 40 small T, polyomavirus small T, and polyomavirus me... | US |
The catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2Ac) stimulates the initiation of replication of simian virus 40 DNA in vitro by dephosphorylating T antigen at specific phosphoserine residues (K. H. Scheidtmann, D. M. Virshup, and T. J. Kelly, J. Virol. 65:2098-2101, 1991). To better define the biochemical mechanism... | US |
We have determined that TPD3, a gene previously identified in a screen for mutants defective in tRNA biosynthesis, most likely encodes the A regulatory subunit of the major protein phosphatase 2A species in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The predicted amino acid sequence of the product of TPD3 is highly homologous... | US |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells that are mutated at TOP3, a gene that encodes a protein homologous to bacterial type I topoisomerases, have a variety of defects, including reduced growth rate, altered gene expression, blocked sporulation, and elevated rates of mitotic recombination at several loci. The rate of ectopic r... | US |
Sodium butyrate reversibly inhibits muscle differentiation and blocks the expression of many muscle-specific genes in both proliferating myoblasts and differentiated myotubes. We investigated the role of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) myogenic determinator proteins MyoD and myogenin in this inhibition. Our data sugg... | US |
FSH interacts with a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein)-coupled receptor, which in turn modulates signal transduction via the G-protein subunit alpha s. However, it is unknown whether FSH regulates alpha-subunit gene expression and whether G-protein alpha-subunit genes other than alpha s are modulated in FS... | US |
Aggregation of the IgE receptor on rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells triggers increased hydrolysis of polyphosphoinositides (PI), secretion of arachidonic acid (AA) and its metabolites, and degranulation to release 5-hydroxytryptamine. Despite the documented involvement of second messengers produced by the PI pat... | US |
The S49 cell lines are a unique series of tumor sublines isolated from a single BALB/c thymoma. Several different sublines were previously isolated from non-mutagenized cells using pharmacologic agents that would select for different stages of thymic development. In this report we show that all seven of the sublines st... | US |
Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, but the temporal relation between the infection and the neoplasia remains unclear, as does the relative importance of the specific type of HPV, other sexually transmitted diseases, and other risk factors. | US |
Synapsin I is a synaptic vesicle-associated phosphoprotein that is involved in the modulation of neurotransmitter release. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, which phosphorylates two sites in the carboxy-terminal region of synapsin I, causes synapsin I to dissociate from synaptic vesicles and increases neurot... | Italy |
In the presence of physiological concentrations of Mg2+ and in glycine-free buffer, the relationship between KA-mediated generation of NO and neurotoxicity in cultures of cerebellar granule cells of the rat was examined. The neuronal damage elicited by KA was not dependent on the presence of L-arginine, a precursor of ... | US |
A stimulatory role for endogenous dopamine (DA) in the regulation of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activity has previously been demonstrated. In the present study, the roles of D1 and D2 subtypes of DA receptors in the regulation of activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis were investigated. The intraperitone... | US |
We used an experimental model of neurogenic inflammation, plasma extravasation induced by bradykinin or capsaicin, to study the effect of receptor-selective opioid agonists on plasma extravasation. Plasma extravasation was induced in the knee joint of the rat by continuous perfusion of either bradykinin (160 ng/ml), an... | US |
Histochemistry for cytochrome oxidase reveals a vibrissa-related pattern in trigeminal nucleus principalis, subnucleus interpolaris, and the magnocellular portion of subnucleus caudalis. This pattern is apparent in late fetal animals and is disrupted by transection of the infraorbital nerve on the day of birth. We rece... | US |
Quantitative receptor autoradiography was used to examine the density and distribution of [3H]kainic acid and [3H]alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) binding sites in the hippocampal formation and parahippocampal gyrus obtained at autopsy from 10 Alzheimer's disease and eight normal control ... | US |
Previous studies have shown that most neuronal ATP is produced by oxidative metabolism, and consumed by Na+,K(+)-ATPase. We hypothesized that the distribution of Na+,K(+)-ATPase in brain would correlate with that of the energy-producing enzyme, cytochrome oxidase (CO). We localized these enzymes in monkey hippocampus a... | US |
To analyze a phenomenon seen in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis undergoing systemic antiviral treatment: a persistent white border opacification on the edge of healed CMV retinitis. | US |
The objective of this study is to prospectively compare the sensitivity and specificity of immunodetection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in impression cytology specimens obtained directly from presumed herpesvirus dendritic epithelial keratitis with virus isolation by tissue culture of cells scraped from the same lesio... | US |
The mouse polyomavirus encodes a tumor-suppressor gene inactivator in its large T protein and a proto-oncogene activator in its middle T protein. We have used site-directed mutagenesis to selectively inactivate the former function without affecting the latter. Two mutant viruses were constructed to encode altered large... | US |
We have produced transgenic mice that carry a foreign gene construct consisting of the N-ras proto-oncogene driven by the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) long terminal repeat. Overexpression of the normal N-ras gene is associated with development of hyperplasias and tumors in a variety of tissues. The tumors are clear... | US |
Adherence of Porphyromonas gingivalis to strains of Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mitis deposited on nitrocellulose paper was investigated. A variety of laboratory strains and clinical isolates of P. gingivalis bound to both S. sanguis and S. mitis. Binding of P. gingivalis to all but one of the streptococci ... | US |
Intracellular pH (pHi) and viability of gastric surface cells of the rat stomach in response to luminal acidification, and the role of Na+/H+ exchange in maintaining pHi homeostasis were studied in vivo using a fluorescent microscopic technique. pHi was measured during superfusion with buffers of pH 1.2-7.4. When the p... | US |
A detailed analysis of the 5' end of the rudimentary gene of Drosophila melanogaster is presented. Rudimentary transcripts are heterogeneous at their 5' ends indicating that transcription is initiated at multiple sites within a region of approximately 50 bp. These transcription initiation sites are within a region that... | US |
DNA deoxyribophosphodiesterase (dRpase) of E. coli catalyzes the release of deoxyribose-phosphate moieties following the cleavage of DNA at an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site by either an AP endonuclease or AP lyase. Exonuclease I is a single-strand specific DNA nuclease which affects the expression of recombination an... | US |
The role of the two disulfide bonds found in the Serratia marcescens nuclease were tested by site directed mutagenesis and were found essential for nuclease activity, although slight residual activity remained. The requirement for disulfide bond formation may play a role in preventing the lethal action of nuclease whil... | US |
Anti-tumor drug VM26 greatly stimulates topoisomerase II mediated DNA cleavage by stabilizing the cleavable complex. Addition of a strong detergent such as SDS to the cleavable complex induces the double stranded DNA cleavage. We demonstrate here that heat treatment can reverse the double stranded DNA cleavage; however... | US |
A relaxed plasmid DNA is shown to become positively supercoiled in cell extracts from top1 strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This positive supercoiling activity is dependent on the presence of bacterial DNA topoisomerase I and ATP (or dATP), and the positive supercoils generated in this reaction are not constrained ... | US |
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) regulatory proteins are known to bind to a single DNA consensus sequence referred to as an E-box. The E-box is present in the regulatory elements of many developmentally controlled genes, including most muscle-specific genes such as troponin I (TnI). Although the E-box consensus is minimal... | US |
The effects of neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) and castration on hypothalamic and anterior pituitary levels of neurokinin A (NKA) were studied in male and female rats killed at 46 days of age. In male rats treated neonatally with MSG, body, anterior pituitary, testis, ventral prostate, and seminal... | US |
Small cell lung cancers (SCLC) synthesize and secrete bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide (BN/GRP). The autocrine growth cycle of BN/GRP in SCLC can be disrupted by BN/GRP receptor antagonists such as [Psi13,14]BN. Here several BN analogues were solid-phase synthesized and incubated with intact SCLC cells at 37 degrees ... | US |
The DNA content and proliferation in 100 invasive breast carcinomas were evaluated by computerized image analysis (IA) and flow cytometry (FCM). For DNA content, image analysis of Feulgen-stained slides of fresh tumor imprints were compared with flow cytometry of propidium iodide-stained disaggregated fresh tumor tissu... | US |
This report describes the study of a novel animal model for the topical treatment of cutaneous herpes virus infections, with a focus upon the relationship between the dermal flux of the antiviral agent and the effectiveness of the topical therapy. A recently developed (trans)dermal delivery system (TDS) for controlling... | US |
Frozen tissue sections of developing axolotl embryos were labeled by indirect immunofluorescence with anti-alpha-MSH. Anti-MSH immunoreactivity is first detectable in embryos when neural crest cells are migrating from the neural tube. Antibody labeling is visible around the lateral and ventral edges of the neural tube ... | US |
We have previously described an inositol polyphosphate receptor (IPxRec), purified from detergent-solubilized bovine cerebellum microsomes, that displays potassium ion channel activity in planar lipid bilayers. We now find that the IPxRec is closely related to clathrin assembly protein AP-2. The IPxRec and AP-2 purifie... | US |
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