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Experiments in animal models suggest that it is feasible to consider hepatic gene therapy using a strategy in which hepatocytes would be isolated by partial hepatectomy, transduced with recombinant retroviral vectors containing genes of therapeutic importance, and then transplanted back into the patient by autologous h... | US |
MyoD and c-Myc, members of the large "basic-helix-loop-helix" family of proteins, regulate diverse aspects of both normal and neoplastic growth and specific gene regulation. These two proteins differ at 9 of the 14 amino acids that comprise the basic domains necessary for DNA binding and transcriptional control. Indivi... | US |
A retinoid X receptor (RXR) response element was located within the functionally defined hepatitis B virus (HBV) enhancer element. A short segment of the enhancer that contains this region has been shown with genetic analysis to play a key role in the regulation of enhancer function and to represent a major determinant... | US |
The mts1 gene is specifically expressed in certain metastatic tumors but not in their nonmetastatic counterparts. It is also expressed in several normal cell and tissue types that exhibit the ability to be motile. The gene was cloned from both mouse and human sources and the 5' flanking regions were sequenced. The sequ... | US |
The c-fos protooncogene encodes a transcription factor that is thought to play a critical role in proliferation and differentiation as well as in the physiological response of mature cells to their environment. To test directly the role of c-fos in growth and differentiation, we generated mouse embryonic stem cell line... | US |
The effects of the opioid neuropeptide [D-Ala2]deltorphin I, isolated from amphibian skin, on immunoregulatory activities were studied in representatives of vertebrates and invertebrates. The high potency of this compound parallels that of [Met]enkephalin, which was previously demonstrated in vertebrate plasma and inve... | US |
A cDNA encoding UDP-GlcNAc:Gal beta 1-3GalNAc-R (GlcNAc to GalNAc) beta 1-6GlcNAc transferase (EC 2.4.1.102), which forms critical branches in O-glycans, has been isolated by an expression cloning approach using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Increased activity of this enzyme and the concomitant occurrence of the O... | US |
Temperature dependence of the thermodynamics of folding/unfolding for cytochrome c has been determined as a function of moderate [0-10% (vol/vol)] concentrations of methanol. Heat capacity change (delta Cp) for unfolding decreases with increased concentrations of methanol, consistent with a higher solvent hydrophobicit... | US |
Analysis of fractions containing purified DNA polymerase epsilon from calf thymus has revealed the presence of a 5' to 3' exonuclease activity that is specific for a single strand of duplex DNA. This activity is capable of degrading a 3'-labeled oligonucleotide hybridized to M13mp18 DNA. When a second oligonucleotide p... | US |
Chronic hypoxia sensitizes the ventilatory reflex in mammals and causes enlargement of the carotid body, a peripheral arterial chemosensory organ. To investigate possible underlying mechanisms, in the absence of circulatory changes, we exposed cultures of dissociated rat carotid body containing the oxygen sensors (i.e.... | US |
Myogenin is one of four muscle-specific basic helix-loop-helix regulatory factors involved in controlling myogenesis. We here describe various protein complexes that increase the affinity of myogenin for DNA. We mixed an oligonucleotide containing a degenerate center large enough to accommodate multiple binding sites w... | US |
Tyr-SV40E transgenic mice are susceptible to melanoma due to simian virus 40 oncogenic sequences specifically expressed in pigment cells. Skin melanomas form relatively late. Therefore, melanocyte cell lines have been established from very young transgenic animals, when they showed no skin lesions, so that the spontane... | US |
Muscarinic receptors mediating suppression of Ca2+ current and of M-type K+ current in rat superior cervical ganglion neurons were subclassified pharmacologically by using the muscarinic receptor antagonists pirenzepine and himbacine. Our voltage clamp experiments previously distinguished fast and slow intracellular si... | US |
Sensory neurons of frog dorsal root ganglia (DRG) express at least two subtypes of voltage-gated Na channel and at least two subtypes of voltage-gated K channel. The Na channel subtypes have different sensitivities to tetrodotoxin (TTX) and different kinetics. The TTX-sensitive (TTX-s) Na channel inactivates rapidly an... | US |
Recent studies of the p53 tumor suppressor locus (designated TP53) in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) have identified a high frequency of codon 249 mutations. Due to the geographic location from which the samples were obtained and the substitution observed, the mutation was suggested to be attributable to aflato... | US |
Although reactive O2 species appear to participate in central nervous system (CNS) O2 toxicity, the exact roles of different reactive O2 species are undetermined. To study the contribution of extracellular superoxide anion (O2-) to CNS O2 toxicity we constructed transgenic mice overexpressing human extracellular supero... | US |
We have overexpressed and purified two peptide fragments of Sp1 that contain the three "zinc-finger" domains necessary for specific Sp1 DNA binding. These peptides assume a stable, folded conformation in solution in the presence of Zn2+ as shown by DNA binding assays and NMR spectroscopy. Mobility-shift assays demonstr... | US |
The N-terminal nucleotide binding folds of all 10 class I tRNA synthetases (RSs) contain characteristic conserved sequence motifs that define this class of synthetases. Sequences of C-terminal domains, which in some cases are known to interact with anticodons, are divergent. In the 676-amino acid Escherichia coli methi... | US |
The effects of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin (IL) 2 activity was investigated using adult murine spleen cells stimulated with either the mitogens concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, or anti-CD3 antibody. THC was found to suppress mitogen-induced proliferation, but to enh... | US |
In an attempt to dissociate the relative impact of psychological vs. physiological concomitants of stress on the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), the influence of stressor controllability and predictability was investigated in rats. In addition, the effect of a purely psychological stressor, contextually condi... | US |
A small, 1-oz activity-monitoring device is described for measuring motor activity continuously for periods of up to 42 days. The monitor employs a piezoelectric sensor that detects extremely small accelerations induced by movements. The monitor can be placed on collars or harnesses (e.g., for rabbits, cats, dogs, nonh... | US |
Acute (20 min) exposure to 100-dB white noise elicits a naltrexone-sensitive decrease in sodium-dependent high-affinity choline uptake in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of the rat. In the present study, the subtypes of opioid receptors involved were investigated by pretreating rats with microinjection of specific o... | US |
The effects of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC) in combination with phencyclidine (PCP) or ethanol were examined in rats responding under a fixed-consecutive-number schedule of food presentation. Under this schedule, a minimum of 13 consecutive responses on one lever followed by one response on another lever ... | US |
The steroid hormones estrogen (E) and progesterone (P) are known to modify pain sensitivity; however, the relative role of each of these hormones in this process is not well understood. To systematically investigate the effects of E and P on nociception, pain sensitivity was assessed under several hormone conditions. T... | US |
Ro 15-4513, a partial inverse agonist at the benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor site was labelled with 11C and used for in vitro autoradiography on human post mortem brain sections and for positron emission tomography (PET) on Cynomolgus monkeys. The total radiochemical yield of [11C]Ro 15-4513 was 30-40% with an overall syn... | US |
Chronic fatigue syndrome is a poorly understood disease characterized by debilitating fatigue and neuromuscular and neuropsychological symptoms. Despite numerous studies on the subject, the epidemiology of the syndrome in the community remains largely unexplored. An estimate of the prevalence in the population is prese... | US |
The distribution and characteristics of specific binding sites for tritium labeled prostaglandin E2 (3H-PGE2) were examined in membrane preparations from rabbit iris-sphincter, iris and ciliary body. The majority of 3H-PGE2 specific binding sites were found in the ciliary body (46%) followed by the iris (37%) and the i... | US |
The toxicity of a new antiviral agent, 6-methoxypurine arabinoside (ara-M), as a selective and potent inhibitor against varicella-zoster virus, was investigated after intravitreal injection in rabbit eyes. Intravitreal doses of ara-M ranging from 20 micrograms to 400 micrograms produced no retinal toxicity, as assessed... | US |
The study duration in a clinical trial with censored survival data is the sum of the accrual duration, which determines the sample size in a traditional sense, and the follow-up duration, which more or less controls the number of events to be observed. We propose a design procedure for determining the study duration or... | US |
The interaction of prostaglandins with changes in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]) and aggregation of human platelets induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were investigated. Cytosolic [Ca2+] was measured with the fluorescent dye Quin2. Addition of ADP (0.25-2.5 mumol l-1) to platelet suspensions produced a dose ... | US |
Recent advances in ultrafast infrared spectroscopy are described, including experimental details and fundamental limitations. The utility of this technique is illustrated with two recent examples. | US |
G1 cyclins control the G1 to S phase transition in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cyclin E was discovered in the course of a screen for human complementary DNAs that rescue a deficiency of G1 cyclin function in budding yeast. The amounts of both the cyclin E protein and an associated protein kinase activi... | US |
At Indiana University, we began clinical trials with ifosfamide in 1981. Although our initial efforts were in a variety of tumor types, including pancreatic cancer, we have most recently focused our attention on two tumors that have historically exhibited a higher degree of chemosensitivity--testicular cancer and small... | US |
Since 1984, the Respiratory Committee of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) has evaluated carboplatin, either alone or in combination, in five separate phase II studies for patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). All patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to... | US |
Vaginal spermicides are effective contraceptive, and are also capable of inactivating many sexually transmitted pathogens by their detergent effect on bacterial cell membranes and viral envelopes. A 5% concentration of nonoxynol-9, the most frequently used active ingredient of spermicides, was tested for its ability to... | US |
Platelet activating factor (PAF) stimulated aggregation and [32P]-phosphatidic acid (PA) production was compared in normal and diabetic human subjects in platelet rich plasma. The concentration of PAF for half maximal (50%) aggregation of normal and diabetic platelets was 50 nM and 8 nM, respectively. PAF stimulated [3... | US |
Identification of hormone target sites in the nephron has been achieved in part using autoradiography, and largely with microdissection and microanalysis techniques that permit quantitative measurements of hormone binding or postbinding effects in discrete nephron segments. The nephron target sites of hormones whose in... | US |
Seizures cause cerebrovascular responses similar to those seen in conditions such as acute hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion, or fluid-percussion brain injury, which are associated with the generation of superoxide. Accordingly, we studied production of superoxide in experimental seizures. | US |
Protein engineering of metal-dependent enzyme activity is now possible due to the wealth of information available about metalloproteins. The results emerging from these studies provide insight into our understanding of the chemistry of metals in macromolecular environments as well as the biology of metal-protein intera... | US |
Previous reports have described an association between cytomegalovirus infection and increased donor-specific alloreactivity of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) lymphocytes in transplanted lungs and a higher risk of bronchiolitis obliterans due to chronic rejection. We have postulated that during infection, intragraft CMV-... | US |
Several pieces of evidence suggest that vascular endothelium may be a site of latent herpetic viral infection, and that activation of such infection might cause or aggravate atherosclerosis. The present studies which utilized HSV-1 infection of cultured endothelial monolayers, provide insights into two phenomena seemin... | US |
Bluetongue virus (BTV) core-like particles (CLPs) were synthesized by coexpression of VP3 and VP7 using a dual recombinant baculovirus. Purified CLPs were shown to bind single-stranded RNA in three different assay systems: gel retardation, nitrocellulose binding, and sucrose gradient sedimentation. CLPs showed equal af... | US |
The amino acid sequences of four major capsid proteins of African horse sickness virus (serotype 4, AHSV-4) have been compared with those of Bluetongue virus of sheep. Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus of deer, and the phylogenetic relationships established. Complete nucleotide sequence analysis of three RNA segments... | US |
The erythrocyte receptor on rhesus macaque erythrocytes used by canine parvovirus (CPV) for binding in hemagglutination (HA) was examined. Erythrocyte membrane proteins were electrophoresed and blotted to nitrocellulose and probed with [125I]-labeled CPV capsids, showing seven virus-binding proteins. Treatment of eryth... | US |
The post-translational regulation of picornavirus gene expression mediated by the cascade processing of viral proteins is not well understood. Both pulse-chase studies of infected cells and in vitro studies of the translation of poliovirus type 1 RNA transcribed from genomic cDNA clones indicate a specific cascade of p... | US |
Brefeldin A (BFA), a fungal metabolite, significantly inhibited the release of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) from infected human fibroblast cells. Electron micrographs of HSV-1-infected and BFA-treated human cells demonstrated the presence of enveloped particles trapped between outer and inner nuclear membranes. ... | US |
Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic alphaherpes virus closely related to herpes simplex virus (HSV). However, unlike its close relative HSV, VZV lacks a functional alpha-TIF (alpha-gene transinducing factor) that activates the transcription of immediate early genes during the initial events of the virus life ... | US |
Biochemical, genetic, and morphological criteria were used to demonstrate that human cytomegalovirus penetrates permissive fibroblasts and nonpermissive Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells by pH-independent fusion between the virus envelope and the host cell plasma membrane and not by low pH-induced fusion within endosom... | US |
An SV40 mutant, T147D, encodes only the amino-terminal 147 amino acids of large T antigen and does not make small t antigen. We show here that a retrovirus which expresses this mutant T antigen transforms rat REF52 cells as efficiently as a retrovirus that expresses both the wild-type large and small T antigens. This c... | US |
Efficient growth of adeno-associated virus (AAV) requires helper functions provided by a coinfecting adenovirus or herpesvirus. Earlier studies using adenoviruses having temperature-sensitive lesions in the early region 2A gene (E2A) produced contradictory evidence regarding the role of the E2A 72-kDa DNA-binding prote... | US |
Observations that the major histocompatibility (B) complex is a determinant of the growth pattern of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)-induced tumors raised the question as to whether control is exerted at the level of a v-src-determined, i.e., transformation-specific, function. To investigate this point, the tumor size scores ... | US |
Terminal nucleic acid sequences were determined for all 11 segments of the IDIR strain of group B rotavirus. Consensus sequences were defined at both ends of the (+) RNA strands as 5' GGN(A/U)NA(A/U)(A/U)(A/U)---and---(A/U)NA(A/G)N(A/C)(C/A)CC3 '. The 5' and 3' terminal sequences of the (+) strand IDIR RNA were not com... | US |
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) ORF 47 lies in the unique long region of the VZV genome. Sequence homology studies have demonstrated that gene 47 possessed conserved protein kinase motifs. In this study, we investigated the properties of the ORF 47 product. First, a rabbit antiserum was raised against a protein generated ... | US |
1. The objective of this study was to examine the usefulness of the hepatoma cell line Hep G2 as a model for human sulphoconjugation of drugs, in particular stereoselective conjugation. 2. Using the substrates p-nitrophenol and dopamine, we found sulphation activities consistent with the presence of both the phenol (P)... | US |
Sequences encoding the UL1 gene of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) are conserved in the genome of EHV-1 defective interfering particles (DIPs) that mediate oncogenic transformation and persistent infection. The UL1 protein was identified by in vitro transcription/translation and hybrid-arrest translation analyses whi... | US |
Differences observed in the virulence of two related leporipoxviruses are closely tied to a particular region of their genomes. For the virulent poxvirus of this pair, malignant rabbit fibroma virus (MV), this region is the BamHI "C" fragment, which is 10.7 kb. For the avirulent poxvirus, Shope fibroma virus, SFV, this... | US |
By means of deleting a C-terminal portion of the open reading frame of the poliovirus receptor cDNA, and by vaccinia virus-mediated overexpression we have produced a protein corresponding to the first two N-terminal Ig-like domains of the poliovirus receptor. This protein that lacked the third Ig-like domain, the trans... | US |
The effects of tissue maturation on the cellular composition and biochemical characteristics of bone were studied in neonatal, young adult, and aging mice. Osteoblast subclasses were isolated on Percoll density gradients. Neonatal calvariae consisted almost exclusively of cells banding at low and intermediate buoyant d... | US |
Previous studies examining the hypocholesterolemic effects of high-soluble-fiber diets have not been designed to control for dietary fat intake. Serum cholesterol reductions may therefore be accounted for by differences in consumption of fat. Moderately hypercholesterolemic, nonobese, Caucasian men and women, 30-50 y o... | US |
To determine the cause of absent sexual development in a 17-year-old girl with end-stage renal disease. | US |
To assess the long-term effects of methadone maintenance, we compared the 10-year outcomes of 95 chronic opioid users who spent at least one cumulative year on methadone with those of 77 chronic opioid users who spent less than one cumulative year on methadone. All subjects were men and 90% were Mexican-American. The t... | US |
We reviewed nine randomized clinical trials of outpatient psychosocial treatments for drug abuse to ascertain implementation problems and solutions that the researchers developed. The most common problem was subject recruitment. Inadequate recruitment can disrupt a project's timetable, preoccupy its staff, reduce the t... | US |
We identify a new syndrome of acquired painful diffuse osteosclerosis associated with past intravenous drug abuse in two adults. | US |
Glucose-induced insulin secretion is impaired in chronic renal failure (CRF), and this abnormality is due to the elevation of cytosolic calcium [Ca2+]i and other derangements in pancreatic islet metabolism. Verapamil given to rats from day 1 of CRF prevented the rise in [Ca2+]i of islets and the impairment in insulin s... | US |
Our objective was to examine the action of arachidonic acid on tone in isolated human placental arteries and veins (1 to 2 mm diameter) for mechanisms involving endothelium-derived mediators, the stimulation of guanylate cyclase, and prostaglandin and cytochrome P450 metabolites. | US |
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) and cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) were localized in biopsies of normal squamous epithelium, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and invasive squamous cell cancer of the cervix uteri by immunohistochemistry. In both the normal stratified squamous epithelium ... | US |
Heat-stable enterotoxins activate guanylate cyclase, whereas heat-labile enterotoxins stimulate adenylate cyclase. Both classes of toxins cause secretory diarrhea at least in part by stimulating Cl- secretion in the intestine. The mechanism for regulation of Cl- secretion by guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) ... | US |
The voltage-sensitive rat brain sodium channel is known to be phosphorylated by adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), but the functional significance of that phosphorylation is unknown. We have shown that rat brain sodium channel currents expressed in Xenopus oocytes were enhance... | US |
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to stimulate corticosterone release from the adrenal gland directly, and indirectly through activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The aim of this paper was to determine whether IL-1-stimulated corticosterone release occurs indirectly through the local release of cate... | US |
The receptor-binding properties of isolated rabbit colonic circular smooth muscle cells in primary culture have been investigated. In intact smooth muscle, acetylcholine, acting through M2 muscarinic receptors, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), acting through VIP receptors, are two of the principal neurotran... | US |
Injury to nonpulmonary organ systems often initiates systemic processes that cause recruitment of neutrophils to the lung. We found that rats subjected to intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) had increased transvascular leak of 125I-labeled albumin into lungs and decreased lung ATP levels (P less than 0.05). In additi... | US |
The present study was design to determine the role of prostaglandin E2 and I2 in the responses of isolated canine airways to H2O2. Rings of canine third-order bronchi, some of which had undergone mechanical denudation of the epithelium, were suspended in organ chambers; isometric tension was recorded. During contractio... | US |
Using the patch-clamp technique, we studied the effect of insulin on an amiloride-blockable Na channel in the apical membrane of a distal nephron cell line (A6) cultured on permeable collagen films for 10-14 days. NPo (N, number of channels per patch membrane; Po, average value of open probability of individual channel... | US |
Low-dose glucocorticoids induce only electroneutral Na absorption in rat colon. High-dose dexamethasone induces both electroneutral and electrogenic Na absorption. Aldosterone induces only electrogenic Na absorption and inhibits basal electroneutral transport in distal colon. To define the interrelationship between glu... | US |
The polar distribution of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase to the basolateral membrane of proximal tubule cells is essential for the efficient and vectorial reabsorption of Na+ and may be dependent on the formation of a metabolically stable, detergent-insoluble complex of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase with the actin membrane cytoskeleton. The pr... | US |
Coronary stenosis was induced in rats to determine whether chronic coronary artery constriction resulted in impairment of cardiac pump performance, alterations in alpha 1-adrenoreceptor signal transduction, and inadequate myocardial hypertrophy, and these parameters were examined 6 mo later. A 50% reduction in coronary... | US |
The functional localization of three adenosine receptor-mediated signal transduction pathways in the LLC-PK1 renal cell line was investigated. LLC-PK1 cells were grown on Millicell-CM filter inserts, which allow for the independent exposure of the apical or basolateral side of a confluent cell monolayer to hormones. Ad... | US |
Exposure to angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors has been associated with increased ACE activity in vivo and in vitro. In the current study, we examined the effects of the active site-directed ACE inhibitors lisinopril and captopril on ACE gene expression and activity in cultured porcine pulmonary artery endo... | US |
We have shown an increase of apamin receptors in rat skeletal muscle membranes following the application of colchicine to the sciatic nerve. 125I-apamin binding to partially purified membrane fractions was observed since day 4, reached a maximum around days 6-15, and was negligible at day 35 after the application of co... | US |
We used patch-clamp methods to examine the effects of depletion and readdition of aldosterone on single, highly selective, amiloride-blockable sodium channels in the A6 cell line. Single-channel characteristics changed little before 24 h of continuous aldosterone depletion, although there was some reduction in short-ci... | US |
A membrane fraction, enriched in Cl- channels, has been isolated from bovine tracheal epithelia and renal cortex homogenates by hydrophobic chromatography. The fraction (MPS) shows a 37-fold enrichment of Cl- channels over crude tracheal homogenates by net Cl- flux measurements. Alkaline phosphatase and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPa... | US |
Bacterial infection decreases insulin-mediated glucose uptake (IMGU) by skeletal muscle and produces whole body insulin resistance. Because circulating catecholamines are elevated by the septic insult, the present study was performed to determine the potential role of the beta-adrenergic system in eliciting these chang... | US |
To evaluate directly the actions of cellular mediators on pepsinogen secretion, a nearly homogeneous population of dispersed chief cells was permeabilized using the bacterial toxin streptolysin O (30 IU/ml for 10 min). This resulted in the release of > 60% of cellular lactate dehydrogenase activity, whereas cellular pe... | US |
Angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE (peptidyl-dipeptidase A, EC 3.4.15.1)] was purified from a total cell membrane fraction of rat intestinal mucosa. A 4,500-fold purification was achieved after affinity chromatography with lisinopril-Sepharose and gel filtration. The final preparation was judged to be homogenous by sod... | US |
We sought to characterize the excitatory effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) motoneurons by using the patch-clamp technique in rat brain stem slices. In our initial studies we used the cell-attached recording configuration using concentrations of TRH from 1 to 30 mic... | US |
Although convincing evidence has been obtained to support a ductular origin of secretin choleresis, the precise mechanism of the choleretic effect of the hormone is poorly understood. The present studies were carried out to 1) further clarify the anatomic site at which secretin stimulates bile flow and 2) establish the... | US |
The mechanisms underlying maturational changes in agonist-mediated airway contractility remain to be identified. Since the signal transduction process coupled to airway contraction involves the Ca(2+)-mobilizing action of the second messenger, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3], the present study examined 1) w... | US |
The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the mechanism(s) responsible for the exaggerated angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced renal vasoconstriction during the development of hypertension. In previous studies we observed that ANG II produces a twofold larger decrease in renal blood flow (RBF) in spontaneously hyp... | US |
Previous work in the canine saphenous vein has shown that cooling augments alpha 2- but not alpha 1-mediated contractile responses and that warming produces the opposite effects. Here we sought to determine whether these results occur in the human finger, a cutaneous vascular bed. Healthy men received brachial artery i... | US |
We used a cytochemical technique for the detection of superoxide in cerebral inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion in anesthetized cats. The technique is based on the oxidation of Mn2+ to Mn3+ by superoxide; Mn3+, in turn, oxidizes diaminobenzidine. The oxidized diaminobenzidine forms an osmiophilic electron-dense prod... | US |
Vascular smooth muscle responds to stretch with an increase in active force development. To investigate the role of Ca2+ in this response, we used the fluorescent dye fura-2 to quantitate changes in cytosolic Ca2+ in single, vascular smooth muscle cells during rapid stretch. Cells were enzymatically dispersed from pig ... | US |
Angiotensin II (ANG II) and vasopressin participate in baroreflex regulation of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), glucocorticoid, and renin secretion. The purpose of this study was to determine whether this participation is enhanced in water-deprived dogs, with chronically elevated plasma ANG II and vasopressin level... | US |
This study was undertaken to define the resting pattern of fetal pituitary-adrenocortical function. Experiments were performed at 127-145 days gestation in fetal sheep with chronic peripheral and adrenal cannulas inserted under halothane anesthesia. With the fetus in a baseline state, over 6 h, at 30-min intervals, mat... | US |
Immunofluorescence and colloidal gold immunocytochemistry were used to analyze the regional distribution of adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) cells and their ultrastructural relationship with growth hormone (GH) cells in adult and 17-day embryonic little (lit/lit) mice that exhibit GH cell defects. Adult lit/lit pituitaries l... | US |
Most marsupials and some placental mammals possess enamel characterized by the presence of tubules, and the cellular origin of these structures has been the subject of a number of previous studies (See, for example, Lester, 1970; Azevedo and Goldberg, 1987). In the present report, tooth germs of the American opossum we... | US |
The Na+,K(+)-ATPase enzyme through its p-nitrophenyl phosphatase activity was localized in the ductuli efferentes of rats. Enzymatic activity was demonstrated along the cytoplasmic side of the plasmalemma of the ductular epithelial cells. The most intense deposition of reaction products was found on the plasmalemma del... | US |
The effect of pertussis toxin on opioid antinociception was studied in rats. Intrathecal injection of a single dose of pertussis toxin reduced the antinociceptive effect of PL017, a highly selective mu-opioid agonist, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The maximal effective dose of pertussis toxin was 1 microgram, a... | US |
Preexisting antibody to feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) causes acceleration and enhancement of disease on subsequent infection of cats with FIPV. Other workers have shown that canine coronavirus (CCV) can infect cats subclinically, but have found no evidence of enhancement of, or protection against, subseque... | United Kingdom |
How people intentionally change addictive behaviors with and without treatment is not well understood by behavioral scientists. This article summarizes research on self-initiated and professionally facilitated change of addictive behaviors using the key trans-theoretical constructs of stages and processes of change. Mo... | US |
Exposures to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) were studied for effects on respiratory health of workers in two plants manufacturing polyurethane foams. Intensive personal monitoring was used to characterize job exposures. Of 4,845 12-min personal samples, 9% exceeded 5 ppb and 1% exceeded 20 ppb. Initial questionnaire and sp... | US |
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