video_id
stringclasses
7 values
text
stringlengths
2
29.3k
ZK3O402wf1c
It's because we already know that that's the right x and y,
ZK3O402wf1c
so why not take the correct combination here and see it
ZK3O402wf1c
happen?
ZK3O402wf1c
Okay, so how do I picture this linear combination?
ZK3O402wf1c
So I start with this vector that's already here --
ZK3O402wf1c
so that's one of column one, that's one times column
ZK3O402wf1c
one, right there.
ZK3O402wf1c
And now I want to add on -- so I'm going to hook the next
ZK3O402wf1c
vector onto the front of the arrow will start the next
ZK3O402wf1c
vector and it will go this way.
ZK3O402wf1c
So let's see, can I do it right?
ZK3O402wf1c
If I added on one of these vectors,
ZK3O402wf1c
it would go left one and up two, so we'd go left one and up two,
ZK3O402wf1c
so it would probably get us to there.
ZK3O402wf1c
Maybe I'll do dotted line for that.
ZK3O402wf1c
Okay?
ZK3O402wf1c
That's one of column two tucked onto the end,
ZK3O402wf1c
but I wanted to tuck on two of column two.
ZK3O402wf1c
So that -- the second one -- we'll go up left one and up two
ZK3O402wf1c
also.
ZK3O402wf1c
It'll probably end there.
ZK3O402wf1c
And there's another one.
ZK3O402wf1c
So what I've put in here is two of column two.
ZK3O402wf1c
Added on.
ZK3O402wf1c
And where did I end up?
ZK3O402wf1c
What are the coordinates of this result?
ZK3O402wf1c
What do I get when I take one of this plus two of that?
ZK3O402wf1c
I do get that, of course.
ZK3O402wf1c
There it is, x is zero, y is three, that's b.
ZK3O402wf1c
That's the answer we wanted.
ZK3O402wf1c
And how do I do it?
ZK3O402wf1c
You see I do it just like the first component.
ZK3O402wf1c
I have a two and a minus two that produces a zero,
ZK3O402wf1c
and in the second component I have a minus one and a four,
ZK3O402wf1c
they combine to give the three.
ZK3O402wf1c
But look at this picture.
ZK3O402wf1c
So here's our key picture.
ZK3O402wf1c
I combine this column and this column to get this guy.
ZK3O402wf1c
That was the b.
ZK3O402wf1c
That's the zero three.
ZK3O402wf1c
Okay.
ZK3O402wf1c
So that idea of linear combination is crucial,
ZK3O402wf1c
and also --
ZK3O402wf1c
do we want to think about this question?
ZK3O402wf1c
Sure, why not.
ZK3O402wf1c
What are all the combinations?
ZK3O402wf1c
If I took -- can I go back to xs and ys?
ZK3O402wf1c
This is a question for really --
ZK3O402wf1c
it's going to come up over and over,
ZK3O402wf1c
but why don't we see it once now?
ZK3O402wf1c
If I took all the xs and all the ys, all the combinations,
ZK3O402wf1c
what would be all the results?
ZK3O402wf1c
And, actually, the result would be
ZK3O402wf1c
that I could get any right-hand side at all.
ZK3O402wf1c
The combinations of this and this
ZK3O402wf1c
would fill the whole plane.
ZK3O402wf1c
You can tuck that away.
ZK3O402wf1c
We'll, explore it further.
ZK3O402wf1c
But this idea of what linear combination gives b and what do
ZK3O402wf1c
all the linear combinations give,
ZK3O402wf1c
what are all the possible, achievable right-hand sides be
ZK3O402wf1c
-- that's going to be basic.
ZK3O402wf1c
Okay.
ZK3O402wf1c
Can I move to three equations and three unknowns?
ZK3O402wf1c
Because it's easy to picture the two by two case.
ZK3O402wf1c
Let me do a three by three example.
ZK3O402wf1c
Okay, I'll sort of start it the same way,
ZK3O402wf1c
say maybe 2x-y and maybe I'll take no zs as a zero and maybe
ZK3O402wf1c
a -x 2y and maybe a -z as a -- oh,
ZK3O402wf1c
let me make that a minus one and, just for variety let me
ZK3O402wf1c
take, -3z, -3ys, I should keep the ys in that line,
ZK3O402wf1c
and 4zs is, say, 4.
ZK3O402wf1c
Okay.
ZK3O402wf1c
That's three equations.
ZK3O402wf1c
I'm in three dimensions, x, y, z.
ZK3O402wf1c
And, I don't have a solution yet.
ZK3O402wf1c
So I want to understand the equations and then solve them.
ZK3O402wf1c
Okay.
ZK3O402wf1c
So how do I you understand them?
ZK3O402wf1c
The row picture one way.
ZK3O402wf1c
The column picture is another very important way.
ZK3O402wf1c
Just let's remember the matrix form, here,
ZK3O402wf1c
because that's easy.
ZK3O402wf1c
The matrix form -- what's our matrix A?
ZK3O402wf1c
Our matrix A is this right-hand side, the two and the minus one
ZK3O402wf1c
and the zero from the first row, the minus one and the two
ZK3O402wf1c
and the minus one from the second row,
ZK3O402wf1c
the zero, the minus three and the four from the third row.
ZK3O402wf1c
So it's a three by three matrix.
ZK3O402wf1c
Three equations, three unknowns.
ZK3O402wf1c
And what's our right-hand side?
ZK3O402wf1c
Of course, it's the vector, zero minus one, four.
ZK3O402wf1c
Okay.
ZK3O402wf1c
So that's the way, well, that's the short-hand to write out
ZK3O402wf1c
the three equations.
ZK3O402wf1c
But it's the picture that I'm looking for today.
ZK3O402wf1c
Okay, so the row picture.
ZK3O402wf1c
All right, so I'm in three dimensions, x,
ZK3O402wf1c
find out when there isn't a solution.
ZK3O402wf1c
y and z.