qtype stringclasses 16
values | Question stringlengths 16 191 | Answer stringlengths 6 29k |
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genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to inherited thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency ? | Inherited thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency results from mutations in the SERPINA7 gene. This gene provides instructions for making thyroxine-binding globulin. Some mutations in the SERPINA7 gene prevent the production of a functional protein, causing TBG-CD. Other mutations reduce the amount of this protein or alt... |
inheritance | Is inherited thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency inherited ? | Inherited thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency has an X-linked pattern of inheritance. The SERPINA7 gene is located on the X chromosome, which is one of the two sex chromosomes. In males (who have only one X chromosome), a mutation in the only copy of the gene in each cell causes partial or complete inherited thyroxi... |
treatment | What are the treatments for inherited thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of inherited thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency: - American Thyroid Association: Thyroid Function Tests - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Serum TBG Level These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health condition... |
information | What is (are) lysinuric protein intolerance ? | Lysinuric protein intolerance is a disorder caused by the body's inability to digest and use certain protein building blocks (amino acids), namely lysine, arginine, and ornithine. Because the body cannot effectively break down these amino acids, which are found in many protein-rich foods, nausea and vomiting are typica... |
frequency | How many people are affected by lysinuric protein intolerance ? | Lysinuric protein intolerance is estimated to occur in 1 in 60,000 newborns in Finland and 1 in 57,000 newborns in Japan. Outside these populations this condition occurs less frequently, but the exact incidence is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to lysinuric protein intolerance ? | Mutations in the SLC7A7 gene cause lysinuric protein intolerance. The SLC7A7 gene provides instructions for producing a protein called y+L amino acid transporter 1 (y+LAT-1), which is involved in transporting lysine, arginine, and ornithine between cells in the body. The transportation of amino acids from the small int... |
inheritance | Is lysinuric protein intolerance inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for lysinuric protein intolerance ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of lysinuric protein intolerance: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Lysinuric Protein Intolerance - Genetic Testing Registry: Lysinuric protein intolerance - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Aminoaciduria - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Malabsorption These resources from Medline... |
information | What is (are) Marfan syndrome ? | Marfan syndrome is a disorder that affects the connective tissue in many parts of the body. Connective tissue provides strength and flexibility to structures such as bones, ligaments, muscles, blood vessels, and heart valves. The signs and symptoms of Marfan syndrome vary widely in severity, timing of onset, and rate o... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Marfan syndrome ? | The incidence of Marfan syndrome is approximately 1 in 5,000 worldwide. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Marfan syndrome ? | Mutations in the FBN1 gene cause Marfan syndrome. The FBN1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called fibrillin-1. Fibrillin-1 attaches (binds) to other fibrillin-1 proteins and other molecules to form threadlike filaments called microfibrils. Microfibrils become part of the fibers that provide strength and... |
inheritance | Is Marfan syndrome inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. At least 25 percent of Marfan syndrome cases result from a new mutation in the FBN1 gene. These cases occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family. |
treatment | What are the treatments for Marfan syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Marfan syndrome: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Marfan Syndrome - Genetic Testing Registry: Marfan syndrome - MarfanDX - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Aortic Dissection - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Marfan Syndrome - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ... |
information | What is (are) idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ? | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive lung disease. This condition causes scar tissue (fibrosis) to build up in the lungs, which makes the lungs unable to transport oxygen into the bloodstream effectively. The disease usually affects people between the ages of 50 and 70. The most common signs and sym... |
frequency | How many people are affected by idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ? | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has an estimated prevalence of 13 to 20 per 100,000 people worldwide. About 100,000 people are affected in the United States, and 30,000 to 40,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. Familial pulmonary fibrosis is less common than the sporadic form of the disease. Only a small percentage o... |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ? | The cause of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is unknown, although the disease probably results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is likely that genetic changes increase a person's risk of developing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and then exposure to certain environmental factors triggers the di... |
inheritance | Is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis inherited ? | Most cases of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are sporadic; they occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family. Familial pulmonary fibrosis appears to have an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Autosomal dominant inheritance means one copy of an altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause ... |
treatment | What are the treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Pulmonary Fibrosis, Familial - Genetic Testing Registry: Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis, chronic form These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various he... |
information | What is (are) Blau syndrome ? | Blau syndrome is an inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the skin, joints, and eyes. Signs and symptoms begin in childhood, usually before age 4. A form of skin inflammation called granulomatous dermatitis is typically the earliest sign of Blau syndrome. This skin condition causes a persistent rash that can be... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Blau syndrome ? | Although Blau syndrome appears to be uncommon, its prevalence is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Blau syndrome ? | Blau syndrome results from mutations in the NOD2 gene. The protein produced from this gene helps defend the body from foreign invaders, such as viruses and bacteria, by playing several essential roles in the immune response, including inflammatory reactions. An inflammatory reaction occurs when the immune system sends ... |
inheritance | Is Blau syndrome inherited ? | Blau syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Most affected individuals have one parent with the condition. In some cases, people with the characteristic features of Blau syndrome do not have a family history of t... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Blau syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Blau syndrome: - Genetic Testing Registry: Blau syndrome - Genetic Testing Registry: Sarcoidosis, early-onset - Merck Manual Consumer Version: Overview of Dermatitis - Merck Manual Consumer Version: Uveitis These resources from MedlinePlus offer information a... |
information | What is (are) McKusick-Kaufman syndrome ? | McKusick-Kaufman syndrome is a condition that affects the development of the hands and feet, heart, and reproductive system. It is characterized by a combination of three features: extra fingers and/or toes (polydactyly), heart defects, and genital abnormalities. Most females with McKusick-Kaufman syndrome are born wi... |
frequency | How many people are affected by McKusick-Kaufman syndrome ? | This condition was first described in the Old Order Amish population, where it affects an estimated 1 in 10,000 people. The incidence of McKusick-Kaufman syndrome in non-Amish populations is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to McKusick-Kaufman syndrome ? | Mutations in the MKKS gene cause McKusick-Kaufman syndrome. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays an important role in the formation of the limbs, heart, and reproductive system. The protein's structure suggests that it may act as a chaperonin, which is a type of protein that helps fold other ... |
inheritance | Is McKusick-Kaufman syndrome inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for McKusick-Kaufman syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of McKusick-Kaufman syndrome: - Gene Review: Gene Review: McKusick-Kaufman Syndrome - Genetic Testing Registry: McKusick Kaufman syndrome - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Polydactyly These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management... |
information | What is (are) Caffey disease ? | Caffey disease, also called infantile cortical hyperostosis, is a bone disorder that most often occurs in babies. Excessive new bone formation (hyperostosis) is characteristic of Caffey disease. The bone abnormalities mainly affect the jawbone, shoulder blades (scapulae), collarbones (clavicles), and the shafts (diaphy... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Caffey disease ? | Caffey disease has been estimated to occur in approximately 3 per 1,000 infants worldwide. A few hundred cases have been described in the medical literature. Researchers believe this condition is probably underdiagnosed because it usually goes away by itself in early childhood. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Caffey disease ? | A mutation in the COL1A1 gene causes Caffey disease. The COL1A1 gene provides instructions for making part of a large molecule called type I collagen. Collagens are a family of proteins that strengthen and support many tissues in the body, including cartilage, bone, tendon, and skin. In these tissues, type I collagen i... |
inheritance | Is Caffey disease inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is usually sufficient to cause the disorder. About 20 percent of people who have the mutation that causes Caffey disease do not experience its signs or symptoms; this phenomenon is called incomplete penet... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Caffey disease ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Caffey disease: - Cedars-Sinai: Skeletal Dysplasia - Gene Review: Gene Review: Caffey Disease - Genetic Testing Registry: Infantile cortical hyperostosis These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health co... |
information | What is (are) argininosuccinic aciduria ? | Argininosuccinic aciduria is an inherited disorder that causes ammonia to accumulate in the blood. Ammonia, which is formed when proteins are broken down in the body, is toxic if the levels become too high. The nervous system is especially sensitive to the effects of excess ammonia. Argininosuccinic aciduria usually b... |
frequency | How many people are affected by argininosuccinic aciduria ? | Argininosuccinic aciduria occurs in approximately 1 in 70,000 newborns. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to argininosuccinic aciduria ? | Mutations in the ASL gene cause argininosuccinic aciduria. Argininosuccinic aciduria belongs to a class of genetic diseases called urea cycle disorders. The urea cycle is a sequence of reactions that occur in liver cells. It processes excess nitrogen, generated when protein is used by the body, to make a compound call... |
inheritance | Is argininosuccinic aciduria inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for argininosuccinic aciduria ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of argininosuccinic aciduria: - Baby's First Test - Gene Review: Gene Review: Argininosuccinate Lyase Deficiency - Gene Review: Gene Review: Urea Cycle Disorders Overview - Genetic Testing Registry: Argininosuccinate lyase deficiency - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: H... |
information | What is (are) familial dysautonomia ? | Familial dysautonomia is a genetic disorder that affects the development and survival of certain nerve cells. The disorder disturbs cells in the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary actions such as digestion, breathing, production of tears, and the regulation of blood pressure and body temperature. It a... |
frequency | How many people are affected by familial dysautonomia ? | Familial dysautonomia occurs primarily in people of Ashkenazi (central or eastern European) Jewish descent. It affects about 1 in 3,700 individuals in Ashkenazi Jewish populations. Familial dysautonomia is extremely rare in the general population. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to familial dysautonomia ? | Mutations in the IKBKAP gene cause familial dysautonomia. The IKBKAP gene provides instructions for making a protein called IKK complex-associated protein (IKAP). This protein is found in a variety of cells throughout the body, including brain cells. Nearly all individuals with familial dysautonomia have two copies o... |
inheritance | Is familial dysautonomia inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for familial dysautonomia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of familial dysautonomia: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Familial Dysautonomia - Genetic Testing Registry: Familial dysautonomia - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Riley-Day Syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of v... |
information | What is (are) Dandy-Walker malformation ? | Dandy-Walker malformation affects brain development, primarily development of the cerebellum, which is the part of the brain that coordinates movement. In individuals with this condition, various parts of the cerebellum develop abnormally, resulting in malformations that can be observed with medical imaging. The centra... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Dandy-Walker malformation ? | Dandy-Walker malformation is estimated to affect 1 in 10,000 to 30,000 newborns. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Dandy-Walker malformation ? | Researchers have found mutations in a few genes that are thought to cause Dandy-Walker malformation, but these mutations account for only a small number of cases. Dandy-Walker malformation has also been associated with many chromosomal abnormalities. This condition can be a feature of some conditions in which there is ... |
inheritance | Is Dandy-Walker malformation inherited ? | Most cases of Dandy-Walker malformation are sporadic, which means they occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family. A small percentage of cases seem to run in families; however, Dandy-Walker malformation does not have a clear pattern of inheritance. Multiple genetic and environmental factors likely ... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Dandy-Walker malformation ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Dandy-Walker malformation: - Genetic Testing Registry: Dandy-Walker syndrome - National Hydrocephalus Foundation: Treatment of Hydrocephalus These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - D... |
information | What is (are) Danon disease ? | Danon disease is a condition characterized by weakening of the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy); weakening of the muscles used for movement, called skeletal muscles, (myopathy); and intellectual disability. Males with Danon disease usually develop the condition earlier than females and are more severely affected. Signs an... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Danon disease ? | Danon disease is a rare condition, but the exact prevalence is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Danon disease ? | Danon disease is caused by mutations in the LAMP2 gene. The LAMP2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called lysosomal associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP-2), which, as its name suggests, is found in the membrane of cellular structures called lysosomes. Lysosomes are compartments in the cell that digest and... |
inheritance | Is Danon disease inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern. The gene associated with this condition is located on the X chromosome, which is one of the two sex chromosomes. In females (who have two X chromosomes), a mutation in one of the two copies of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In male... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Danon disease ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Danon disease: - American Heart Association: Dilated Cardiomyopathy - Genetic Testing Registry: Danon disease - KidsHealth from Nemours: Getting an EKG - Swedish Information Centre for Rare Diseases These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the... |
information | What is (are) craniometaphyseal dysplasia ? | Craniometaphyseal dysplasia is a rare condition characterized by progressive thickening of bones in the skull (cranium) and abnormalities at the ends of long bones in the limbs (metaphyseal dysplasia). Except in the most severe cases, the lifespan of people with craniometaphyseal dysplasia is normal. Bone overgrowth i... |
frequency | How many people are affected by craniometaphyseal dysplasia ? | Craniometaphyseal dysplasia is a very rare disorder; its incidence is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to craniometaphyseal dysplasia ? | Mutations in the ANKH gene cause autosomal dominant craniometaphyseal dysplasia. The ANKH gene provides instructions for making a protein that is present in bone and transports a molecule called pyrophosphate out of cells. Pyrophosphate helps regulate bone formation by preventing mineralization, the process by which mi... |
inheritance | Is craniometaphyseal dysplasia inherited ? | Craniometaphyseal dysplasia can have different inheritance patterns. In most cases this condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one altered copy of the ANKH gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Individuals with autosomal dominant craniometaphyseal dysplasia typically have ... |
treatment | What are the treatments for craniometaphyseal dysplasia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of craniometaphyseal dysplasia: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia, Autosomal Dominant - Genetic Testing Registry: Craniometaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal dominant - Genetic Testing Registry: Craniometaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal recessive type... |
information | What is (are) Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia ? | Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia is a rare blood cell cancer characterized by an excess of abnormal white blood cells called lymphoplasmacytic cells in the bone marrow. This condition is classified as a lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. The abnormal cells have characteristics of both white blood cells (lymphocytes) called B cell... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia ? | Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia affects an estimated 3 per million people each year in the United States. Approximately 1,500 new cases of the condition are diagnosed each year in this country, and whites are more commonly affected than African Americans. For unknown reasons, the condition occurs twice as often in men tha... |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia ? | Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia is thought to result from a combination of genetic changes. The most common known genetic change associated with this condition is a mutation in the MYD88 gene, which is found in more than 90 percent of affected individuals. Another gene commonly associated with Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia... |
inheritance | Is Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia inherited ? | Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia is usually not inherited, and most affected people have no history of the disorder in their family. The condition usually arises from mutations that are acquired during a person's lifetime (somatic mutations), which are not inherited. Some families seem to have a predisposition to the cond... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Waldenstrm macroglobulinemia: - American Cancer Society: How is Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Diagnosed? - American Cancer Society: How is Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Treated? - Genetic Testing Registry: Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia - MD Anderson Cancer Cent... |
information | What is (are) Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia ? | Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia is a rare inherited condition characterized by abnormally thick bones and a shortage of red blood cells (anemia). Signs and symptoms of the condition become apparent in early childhood. In affected individuals, the long bones in the arms and legs are unusually dense and wide. The bone... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia ? | Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia is a rare disorder; only a few cases have been reported in the medical literature. Most affected individuals have been from the Middle East and India. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia ? | Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia results from mutations in the TBXAS1 gene. This gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called thromboxane A synthase 1, which acts as part of a chemical signaling pathway involved in normal blood clotting (hemostasis). Based on its role in Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia, re... |
inheritance | Is Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia: - Genetic Testing Registry: Ghosal syndrome - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: How is Anemia Diagnosed? - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: How is Anemia Treated? These resources from MedlinePlus offer info... |
information | What is (are) 15q13.3 microdeletion ? | 15q13.3 microdeletion is a chromosomal change in which a small piece of chromosome 15 is deleted in each cell. The deletion occurs on the long (q) arm of the chromosome at a position designated q13.3. This chromosomal change increases the risk of intellectual disability, seizures, behavioral problems, and psychiatric d... |
frequency | How many people are affected by 15q13.3 microdeletion ? | 15q13.3 microdeletion likely occurs in about 1 in 40,000 people in the general population. It appears to be more common in people with intellectual disability, epilepsy, schizophrenia, or autism spectrum disorders. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to 15q13.3 microdeletion ? | Most people with a 15q13.3 microdeletion are missing a sequence of about 2 million DNA building blocks (base pairs), also written as 2 megabases (Mb), at position q13.3 on chromosome 15. The exact size of the deleted region varies, but it typically contains at least six genes. This deletion usually affects one of the t... |
inheritance | Is 15q13.3 microdeletion inherited ? | 15q13.3 microdeletion is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the deleted region on chromosome 15 in each cell is sufficient to increase the risk of intellectual disability and other characteristic features. In about 75 percent of cases, individuals with 15q13.3 microdeletion inherit the... |
treatment | What are the treatments for 15q13.3 microdeletion ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of 15q13.3 microdeletion: - Gene Review: Gene Review: 15q13.3 Microdeletion - Genetic Testing Registry: 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic... |
information | What is (are) phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity ? | Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity (PRS superactivity) is characterized by the overproduction and accumulation of uric acid (a waste product of normal chemical processes) in the blood and urine. The overproduction of uric acid can lead to gout, which is arthritis caused by an accumulation of uric acid... |
frequency | How many people are affected by phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity ? | PRS superactivity is believed to be a rare disorder. Approximately 30 families with the condition have been reported. More than two thirds of these families are affected by the milder form of the disease. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity ? | Certain mutations in the PRPS1 gene cause PRS superactivity. The PRPS1 gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1, or PRPP synthetase 1. This enzyme helps produce a molecule called phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP). PRPP is involved in producing purine and pyrimid... |
inheritance | Is phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an X-linked pattern. The gene associated with this condition is located on the X chromosome, which is one of the two sex chromosomes. In males (who have only one X chromosome), a mutation in the only copy of the gene in each cell causes the disorder. In females (who have two X chromosomes... |
treatment | What are the treatments for phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of PRS superactivity: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate Synthetase Superactivity - Genetic Testing Registry: Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Hearing Loss - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Movement, U... |
information | What is (are) neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy ? | Neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy is a condition in which fats (lipids) are stored abnormally in organs and tissues throughout the body. People with this condition have muscle weakness (myopathy) due to the accumulation of fats in muscle tissue. Other features of this condition may include a fatty liver, a we... |
frequency | How many people are affected by neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy ? | Neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy is a rare condition; its incidence is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy ? | Mutations in the PNPLA2 gene cause neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy. The PNPLA2 gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). The ATGL enzyme plays a role in breaking down fats called triglycerides. Triglycerides are an important source of stored energy in cells. ... |
inheritance | Is neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy: - Genetic Testing Registry: Neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Hypothyroidism - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Type 2 Diabetes These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about... |
information | What is (are) cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency ? | Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency is a disorder of hormone production. This condition specifically affects steroid hormones, which are needed for normal development and reproduction. The hormonal changes associated with cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency can affect the development of the reproductive sys... |
frequency | How many people are affected by cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency ? | The prevalence of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency is unknown. About 65 cases have been reported worldwide. Researchers suspect that cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency is underdiagnosed and that mild cases of this disorder may be relatively common. Because the signs and symptoms can be difficult to det... |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency ? | Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency is caused by mutations in the POR gene. This gene provides instructions for making the enzyme cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase, which plays a critical role in the formation of steroid hormones. This group of hormones includes testosterone and estrogen, which are essential for nor... |
inheritance | Is cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Cytochrome P450 Oxidoreductase Deficiency - Genetic Testing Registry: Antley-Bixler syndrome with genital anomalies and disordered steroidogenesis - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Ambiguous Genita... |
information | What is (are) Langer mesomelic dysplasia ? | Langer mesomelic dysplasia is a disorder of bone growth. Affected individuals typically have extreme shortening of the long bones in the arms and legs (mesomelia). As a result of the shortened leg bones, people with Langer mesomelic dysplasia have very short stature. A bone in the forearm called the ulna and a bone in ... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Langer mesomelic dysplasia ? | The prevalence of Langer mesomelic dysplasia is unknown, although the condition appears to be rare. Several dozen affected individuals have been reported in the scientific literature. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Langer mesomelic dysplasia ? | Langer mesomelic dysplasia results from changes involving the SHOX gene. The protein produced from this gene plays a role in bone development and is particularly important for the growth and maturation of bones in the arms and legs. The most common cause of Langer mesomelic dysplasia is a deletion of the entire SHOX ge... |
inheritance | Is Langer mesomelic dysplasia inherited ? | Langer mesomelic dysplasia has a pseudoautosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. The SHOX gene is located on both the X and Y chromosomes (sex chromosomes) in an area known as the pseudoautosomal region. Although many genes are unique to either the X or Y chromosome, genes in the pseudoautosomal region are present on... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Langer mesomelic dysplasia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Langer mesomelic dysplasia: - Genetic Testing Registry: Langer mesomelic dysplasia syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Reh... |
information | What is (are) Ochoa syndrome ? | Ochoa syndrome is a disorder characterized by urinary problems and unusual facial expressions. The urinary problems associated with Ochoa syndrome typically become apparent in early childhood or adolescence. People with this disorder may have difficulty controlling the flow of urine (incontinence), which can lead to b... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Ochoa syndrome ? | Ochoa syndrome is a rare disorder. About 150 cases have been reported in the medical literature. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Ochoa syndrome ? | Ochoa syndrome can be caused by mutations in the HPSE2 gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called heparanase 2. The function of this protein is not well understood. Mutations in the HPSE2 gene that cause Ochoa syndrome result in changes in the heparanase 2 protein that likely prevent it from fun... |
inheritance | Is Ochoa syndrome inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for Ochoa syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Ochoa syndrome: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Urofacial Syndrome - Genetic Testing Registry: Ochoa syndrome - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: Urodynamic Testing - Scripps Health: Self-Catheterization -- Female - Scripps Health: ... |
information | What is (are) 5-alpha reductase deficiency ? | 5-alpha reductase deficiency is a condition that affects male sexual development before birth and during puberty. People with this condition are genetically male, with one X and one Y chromosome in each cell, and they have male gonads (testes). Their bodies, however, do not produce enough of a hormone called dihydrotes... |
frequency | How many people are affected by 5-alpha reductase deficiency ? | 5-alpha reductase deficiency is a rare condition; the exact incidence is unknown. Large families with affected members have been found in several countries, including the Dominican Republic, Papua New Guinea, Turkey, and Egypt. |
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