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text_id stringlengths 22 22 | page_url stringlengths 31 389 | page_title stringlengths 1 250 | section_title stringlengths 0 4.67k | context_page_description stringlengths 0 108k | context_section_description stringlengths 1 187k | media list | hierachy list | category list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
projected-71477575-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris%20Municipal%20Airport%20%28Illinois%29 | Morris Municipal Airport (Illinois) | Facilities | Morris Municipal Airport, also known as James R. Washburn Field, is a public use airport north of Morris, Illinois. The airport is publicly owned by the City of Morris. | The airport has one paved runway. Runway 18/36 is and is asphalt. In 2019, the airport was awarded nearly $12 million to build a new crosswind runway to make the airport accessible in a wider array of weather conditions. The city is currently working to extend Runway 18/36 by to be able to accept a wider array of aircraft that need more distance to take off and land.
The airport has a fixed-base operator (FBO) offering fuel and aircraft parking. Aircraft parking, rental cars, conference rooms, a lounge, office space, and courtesy cars are also available. Aircraft maintenance, flight training, and aircraft rental are available for local pilots. | [] | [
"Facilities"
] | [
"Airports in Illinois",
"Transportation in Grundy County, Illinois"
] |
projected-71477575-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris%20Municipal%20Airport%20%28Illinois%29 | Morris Municipal Airport (Illinois) | Aircraft | Morris Municipal Airport, also known as James R. Washburn Field, is a public use airport north of Morris, Illinois. The airport is publicly owned by the City of Morris. | For the 12-month period ending February 29, 2020, the airport averaged 116 aircraft operations per day, or about 42,000 per year. This includes 97% general aviation, 2% air taxi, and less than 1% military. For the same period, there were 59 aircraft based on the field: 54 single-engine and 3 multi-engine airplanes, 1 jet, and 1 helicopter. | [] | [
"Aircraft"
] | [
"Airports in Illinois",
"Transportation in Grundy County, Illinois"
] |
projected-71477575-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris%20Municipal%20Airport%20%28Illinois%29 | Morris Municipal Airport (Illinois) | References | Morris Municipal Airport, also known as James R. Washburn Field, is a public use airport north of Morris, Illinois. The airport is publicly owned by the City of Morris. | Category:Airports in Illinois
Category:Transportation in Grundy County, Illinois | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Airports in Illinois",
"Transportation in Grundy County, Illinois"
] |
projected-56570342-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanye%20West%20discography | Kanye West discography | Introduction | Kanye West discography may refer to:
Kanye West albums discography, a list of albums released by Kanye West
Kanye West production discography, a list of works produced by Kanye West
Kanye West singles discography, a list of singles released by Kanye West | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-56570342-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanye%20West%20discography | Kanye West discography | See also | Kanye West discography may refer to:
Kanye West albums discography, a list of albums released by Kanye West
Kanye West production discography, a list of works produced by Kanye West
Kanye West singles discography, a list of singles released by Kanye West | Kanye West videography, a list of music videos, video albums and other media appearances by Kanye West
List of songs recorded by Kanye West, a list of all songs officially released by Kanye West | [] | [
"See also"
] | [] |
projected-71477613-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarentola%20hoggarensis | Tarentola hoggarensis | Introduction | The African wall gecko (Tarentola hoggarensis) is found in northern Africa. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Tarentola",
"Reptiles described in 1937",
"Taxa named by Franz Werner"
] | |
projected-71477613-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarentola%20hoggarensis | Tarentola hoggarensis | References | The African wall gecko (Tarentola hoggarensis) is found in northern Africa. | Category:Tarentola
Category:Reptiles described in 1937
Category:Taxa named by Franz Werner | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Tarentola",
"Reptiles described in 1937",
"Taxa named by Franz Werner"
] |
projected-71477618-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African%20wall%20gecko | African wall gecko | Introduction | There are two species of lizard named African wall gecko:
Tarentola ephippiata
Tarentola hoggarensis | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-23576300-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAS%20Cape%20Leeuwin | HMAS Cape Leeuwin | Introduction | HMAS Cape Leeuwin was a lighthouse tender which was commissioned into the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) between mid-1943 and the end of 1945. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1924 ships",
"Survey ships of the Royal Australian Navy",
"Lighthouse tenders of Australia"
] | |
projected-23576300-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAS%20Cape%20Leeuwin | HMAS Cape Leeuwin | Design | HMAS Cape Leeuwin was a lighthouse tender which was commissioned into the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) between mid-1943 and the end of 1945. | The ship displaces 1,406 gross tons, is in length, with a beam of , and a draught of . Top speed was . In naval service, the ship was armed with a QF 12-pounder 12 cwt naval gun, supplemented by five Oerlikon 20 mm cannons and two Vickers machine guns. | [] | [
"Design"
] | [
"1924 ships",
"Survey ships of the Royal Australian Navy",
"Lighthouse tenders of Australia"
] |
projected-23576300-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAS%20Cape%20Leeuwin | HMAS Cape Leeuwin | Operational history | HMAS Cape Leeuwin was a lighthouse tender which was commissioned into the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) between mid-1943 and the end of 1945. | Cape Leeuwin was built in 1924 for the lighthouse service. The ship was laid down at Cockatoo Island Dockyard on 15 July 1924, and launched on 10 December 1924.
She was requisitioned for service with the RAN from the Queensland Department of Commerce in October 1941 and commissioned into the Navy on 27 August 1943. Her peacetime captain, Noel Buxton, stayed with the ship throughout her naval service and received the rank of Lieutenant.
From August 1943, Cape Leeuwin was used to lay buoys and service lights along the coast of Queensland and in the South-West Pacific. She laid buoys and beacons between Milne Bay and Hollandia in New Guinea. From late 1944, she served in the Philippines Campaign, and established navigation aids at Leyte, Mindoro, Subic Bay and Manila. As part of these operations, she was the first Australian ship to enter Manila Bay after the Battle of Manila. In July 1945, she and established lighthouses in the Moluccas which reopened a route between Darwin and Morotai.
After the war, Cape Leeuwin was decommissioned from the RAN and returned to her owners on 12 December 1945. She continued in Australian service until 1963 when she was paid off and sold to a company in Asia, which named her Ruby. | [] | [
"Operational history"
] | [
"1924 ships",
"Survey ships of the Royal Australian Navy",
"Lighthouse tenders of Australia"
] |
projected-23576300-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAS%20Cape%20Leeuwin | HMAS Cape Leeuwin | References | HMAS Cape Leeuwin was a lighthouse tender which was commissioned into the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) between mid-1943 and the end of 1945. | Category:1924 ships
Category:Survey ships of the Royal Australian Navy
Category:Lighthouse tenders of Australia | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1924 ships",
"Survey ships of the Royal Australian Navy",
"Lighthouse tenders of Australia"
] |
projected-71477636-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%20Can%20Live%20Forever | You Can Live Forever | Introduction | You Can Live Forever is a Canadian drama film, written and directed by Sarah Watts and Mark Slutsky and released in 2022. The film stars Anwen O'Driscoll as Jaime, a teenager who is sent to live with her aunt Beth (Liane Balaban) after her father's death; Beth is married to Jean-François (Antoine Yared), a devoutly religious Jehovah's Witness who aspires to be a leader of his congregation. Jaime soon develops a romantic relationship with Marike (June Laporte), another young woman in the Jehovah's Witness community.
The film's cast also includes Hasani Freeman, Deragh Campbell, Marc-Antoine Auger, Tim Campbell, Xavier Roberge, Lenni-Kim Lalande and Juliette Gariépy.
The film was inspired in part by Watts' own upbringing in a Jehovah's Witness community, but Watts has indicated that it is not autobiographical. The film entered production in fall 2021, with filming taking place in Montreal and Saguenay.
The film premiered in June 2022 at the Tribeca Film Festival. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2022 films",
"2022 romantic drama films",
"2022 LGBT-related films",
"Canadian romantic drama films",
"Canadian LGBT-related films",
"English-language Canadian films",
"LGBT-related drama films",
"2020s English-language films",
"Lesbian-related films",
"Films shot in Montreal",
"Films about LGB... | |
projected-71477636-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%20Can%20Live%20Forever | You Can Live Forever | Critical response | You Can Live Forever is a Canadian drama film, written and directed by Sarah Watts and Mark Slutsky and released in 2022. The film stars Anwen O'Driscoll as Jaime, a teenager who is sent to live with her aunt Beth (Liane Balaban) after her father's death; Beth is married to Jean-François (Antoine Yared), a devoutly religious Jehovah's Witness who aspires to be a leader of his congregation. Jaime soon develops a romantic relationship with Marike (June Laporte), another young woman in the Jehovah's Witness community.
The film's cast also includes Hasani Freeman, Deragh Campbell, Marc-Antoine Auger, Tim Campbell, Xavier Roberge, Lenni-Kim Lalande and Juliette Gariépy.
The film was inspired in part by Watts' own upbringing in a Jehovah's Witness community, but Watts has indicated that it is not autobiographical. The film entered production in fall 2021, with filming taking place in Montreal and Saguenay.
The film premiered in June 2022 at the Tribeca Film Festival. | On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 100% based on 9 reviews, with an average rating of 7.5/10. | [] | [
"Reception",
"Critical response"
] | [
"2022 films",
"2022 romantic drama films",
"2022 LGBT-related films",
"Canadian romantic drama films",
"Canadian LGBT-related films",
"English-language Canadian films",
"LGBT-related drama films",
"2020s English-language films",
"Lesbian-related films",
"Films shot in Montreal",
"Films about LGB... |
projected-71477636-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%20Can%20Live%20Forever | You Can Live Forever | Awards | You Can Live Forever is a Canadian drama film, written and directed by Sarah Watts and Mark Slutsky and released in 2022. The film stars Anwen O'Driscoll as Jaime, a teenager who is sent to live with her aunt Beth (Liane Balaban) after her father's death; Beth is married to Jean-François (Antoine Yared), a devoutly religious Jehovah's Witness who aspires to be a leader of his congregation. Jaime soon develops a romantic relationship with Marike (June Laporte), another young woman in the Jehovah's Witness community.
The film's cast also includes Hasani Freeman, Deragh Campbell, Marc-Antoine Auger, Tim Campbell, Xavier Roberge, Lenni-Kim Lalande and Juliette Gariépy.
The film was inspired in part by Watts' own upbringing in a Jehovah's Witness community, but Watts has indicated that it is not autobiographical. The film entered production in fall 2021, with filming taking place in Montreal and Saguenay.
The film premiered in June 2022 at the Tribeca Film Festival. | The film was shortlisted for Best Direction in a Feature Film at the 2022 Directors Guild of Canada awards. | [] | [
"Reception",
"Awards"
] | [
"2022 films",
"2022 romantic drama films",
"2022 LGBT-related films",
"Canadian romantic drama films",
"Canadian LGBT-related films",
"English-language Canadian films",
"LGBT-related drama films",
"2020s English-language films",
"Lesbian-related films",
"Films shot in Montreal",
"Films about LGB... |
projected-26724467-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20cyanostoma | Conus cyanostoma | Introduction | Conus cyanostoma is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1855"
] | |
projected-26724467-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20cyanostoma | Conus cyanostoma | Description | Conus cyanostoma is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of the shell varies between 17 mm and 32 mm. | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1855"
] |
projected-26724467-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20cyanostoma | Conus cyanostoma | Distribution | Conus cyanostoma is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This marine species occurs in the tropical Indo-Pacific Region and off Australia (New South Wales, Queensland). | [] | [
"Distribution"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1855"
] |
projected-26724467-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20cyanostoma | Conus cyanostoma | References | Conus cyanostoma is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Adams, A. 1855. Descriptions of new species of the genus Conus, from the collection of Hugh Cuming, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1854:116–119.
Brazier, J. 1875. Descriptions of ten new species of shells from the collection of Mr C. Coxen, of Brisbane, Queensland. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875: 31–34
Smith, E.A. 1892. Descriptions of new species of shells from New South Wales, New Guinea, the Caroline and Solomon Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1891: 486–491 pp., pl. 40
Hedley, C. 1913. Studies of Australian Mollusca. Part XI. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 38: 258–339
Wilson, B. 1994. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.
Röckel, D., Korn, W. & Kohn, A.J. 1995. Manual of the Living Conidae. Volume 1: Indo-Pacific Region. Wiesbaden : Hemmen 517 pp.
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1855"
] |
projected-56570359-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1935%E2%80%9336%20UCLA%20Bruins%20men%27s%20basketball%20team | 1935–36 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team | Introduction | The 1935–36 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles during the 1935–36 NCAA men's basketball season and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. The Bruins were led by 15th year head coach Caddy Works. They finished the regular season with a record of 10–13 and were fourth in the southern division with a record of 2–10. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"UCLA Bruins men's basketball seasons",
"1935–36 Pacific Coast Conference men's basketball season",
"1935 in sports in California",
"1936 in sports in California"
] | |
projected-56570359-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1935%E2%80%9336%20UCLA%20Bruins%20men%27s%20basketball%20team | 1935–36 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team | Previous season | The 1935–36 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles during the 1935–36 NCAA men's basketball season and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. The Bruins were led by 15th year head coach Caddy Works. They finished the regular season with a record of 10–13 and were fourth in the southern division with a record of 2–10. | The Bruins finished the regular season with a record of 11–12 and were third in the southern division with a record of 4–8. | [] | [
"Previous season"
] | [
"UCLA Bruins men's basketball seasons",
"1935–36 Pacific Coast Conference men's basketball season",
"1935 in sports in California",
"1936 in sports in California"
] |
projected-56570359-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1935%E2%80%9336%20UCLA%20Bruins%20men%27s%20basketball%20team | 1935–36 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team | Schedule | The 1935–36 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles during the 1935–36 NCAA men's basketball season and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. The Bruins were led by 15th year head coach Caddy Works. They finished the regular season with a record of 10–13 and were fourth in the southern division with a record of 2–10. | |Regular Season
Source | [] | [
"Schedule"
] | [
"UCLA Bruins men's basketball seasons",
"1935–36 Pacific Coast Conference men's basketball season",
"1935 in sports in California",
"1936 in sports in California"
] |
projected-56570359-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1935%E2%80%9336%20UCLA%20Bruins%20men%27s%20basketball%20team | 1935–36 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team | References | The 1935–36 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles during the 1935–36 NCAA men's basketball season and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. The Bruins were led by 15th year head coach Caddy Works. They finished the regular season with a record of 10–13 and were fourth in the southern division with a record of 2–10. | Category:UCLA Bruins men's basketball seasons
Ucla
UCLA Bruins Basketball
UCLA Bruins Basketball | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"UCLA Bruins men's basketball seasons",
"1935–36 Pacific Coast Conference men's basketball season",
"1935 in sports in California",
"1936 in sports in California"
] |
projected-71477640-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlan%20Prince | Harlan Prince | Introduction | Harlan Page Prince (June 9, 1837 – March 5, 1899) was an American sea captain in the 19th century. He began going to sea at the age of fifteen in a career that lasted for forty years. He commanded eight ships during his career.
Upon retirement, he became a member of the Maine House of Representatives. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1837 births",
"1899 deaths",
"People from Yarmouth, Maine",
"Sea captains",
"People from North Yarmouth, Maine",
"North Yarmouth Academy alumni",
"Members of the Maine House of Representatives"
] | |
projected-71477640-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlan%20Prince | Harlan Prince | Life and career | Harlan Page Prince (June 9, 1837 – March 5, 1899) was an American sea captain in the 19th century. He began going to sea at the age of fifteen in a career that lasted for forty years. He commanded eight ships during his career.
Upon retirement, he became a member of the Maine House of Representatives. | Prince was born to Captain Reuben Prince and Deborah Drinkwater, their youngest son. He was educated in the public schools of North Yarmouth, Maine, then at North Yarmouth Academy.
At the age of fifteen, he began to go to sea. Ship-building at Yarmouth harbor was in full swing, and he became interested in becoming captain of one of the ships. His ambition came to fruition, and he commanded the following ships:
Aeronaut
Emma
Agenora
Ester
B. Webster
Onaway
Carrie Heckle
Wm. G. Davis
Upon his father's death in 1870, Harlan inherited the property now known as the Captain Reuben Prince House at 210 Gilman Road in today's Yarmouth. It remained in the Cushing family until Harlan's death.
He retired from the seas in 1892, when he was captain of the Wm. G Davis, and became a member of the United States House of Representatives for the State of Maine.
Prince was married twice: firstly to Annie Cushing Prince, with whom he had one daughter, then to Clara Blanchard Gooding, with whom he had two children: Harlan Page Jr. (who died around the age of fifteen) and Jessie May.
In 1896, he was elected to represent the towns of Yarmouth and North Yarmouth in the House. He was re-elected two years later. | [] | [
"Life and career"
] | [
"1837 births",
"1899 deaths",
"People from Yarmouth, Maine",
"Sea captains",
"People from North Yarmouth, Maine",
"North Yarmouth Academy alumni",
"Members of the Maine House of Representatives"
] |
projected-71477640-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlan%20Prince | Harlan Prince | Death | Harlan Page Prince (June 9, 1837 – March 5, 1899) was an American sea captain in the 19th century. He began going to sea at the age of fifteen in a career that lasted for forty years. He commanded eight ships during his career.
Upon retirement, he became a member of the Maine House of Representatives. | Prince died on March 5, 1899, at his home, after a week-long bout of sickness. He was sixty-one years old. According to W. C. Fogg, of Freeport, Maine, Prince had left the Maine State House on February 24 apparently in "perfect health"; soon after arriving home, however, he contracted a severe cold, which turned into pneumonia.
He was buried in Yarmouth's Riverside Cemetery. His wife was interred beside him upon hear death fifty-five years later at the age of 92 or 93. | [] | [
"Death"
] | [
"1837 births",
"1899 deaths",
"People from Yarmouth, Maine",
"Sea captains",
"People from North Yarmouth, Maine",
"North Yarmouth Academy alumni",
"Members of the Maine House of Representatives"
] |
projected-71477640-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlan%20Prince | Harlan Prince | References | Harlan Page Prince (June 9, 1837 – March 5, 1899) was an American sea captain in the 19th century. He began going to sea at the age of fifteen in a career that lasted for forty years. He commanded eight ships during his career.
Upon retirement, he became a member of the Maine House of Representatives. | Category:1837 births
Category:1899 deaths
Category:People from Yarmouth, Maine
Category:Sea captains
Category:People from North Yarmouth, Maine
Category:North Yarmouth Academy alumni
Category:Members of the Maine House of Representatives | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1837 births",
"1899 deaths",
"People from Yarmouth, Maine",
"Sea captains",
"People from North Yarmouth, Maine",
"North Yarmouth Academy alumni",
"Members of the Maine House of Representatives"
] |
projected-56570364-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love%20in%20a%20Cold%20Climate%20%281980%20TV%20series%29 | Love in a Cold Climate (1980 TV series) | Introduction | </noinclude>
Love in a Cold Climate is a 1980 British television series produced by Thames Television. It is an adaptation of the Nancy Mitford novels The Pursuit of Love (1945) and Love in a Cold Climate (1949), set between 1924 and 1940, with a screenplay adaptation by Simon Raven. It was originally broadcast on the ITV network in eight episodes. The series starred Lucy Gutteridge, Rosalyn Landor, Michael Aldridge, Judi Dench, Vivian Pickles, and Jean-Pierre Cassel. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1980 British television series debuts",
"1980 British television series endings",
"1980s British drama television series",
"1980s British television miniseries",
"Television shows based on British novels",
"ITV television dramas",
"Period television series",
"Television series by Fremantle (company)"... | |
projected-56570364-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love%20in%20a%20Cold%20Climate%20%281980%20TV%20series%29 | Love in a Cold Climate (1980 TV series) | Production | </noinclude>
Love in a Cold Climate is a 1980 British television series produced by Thames Television. It is an adaptation of the Nancy Mitford novels The Pursuit of Love (1945) and Love in a Cold Climate (1949), set between 1924 and 1940, with a screenplay adaptation by Simon Raven. It was originally broadcast on the ITV network in eight episodes. The series starred Lucy Gutteridge, Rosalyn Landor, Michael Aldridge, Judi Dench, Vivian Pickles, and Jean-Pierre Cassel. | The filming of the serial has been described as "most uncharacteristically relaxed" for the actors, as it had been scheduled during what proved to be a long-running dispute between ITV and the Association of Cinematograph, Television and Allied Technicians union. At first, there was a work-to-rule, and the actors were not called until 11 am, with filming ending at about 4 pm. The dispute then escalated into a full strike, and filming was abandoned, with the actors being paid a retainer until it could be resumed. | [] | [
"Production"
] | [
"1980 British television series debuts",
"1980 British television series endings",
"1980s British drama television series",
"1980s British television miniseries",
"Television shows based on British novels",
"ITV television dramas",
"Period television series",
"Television series by Fremantle (company)"... |
projected-56570364-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love%20in%20a%20Cold%20Climate%20%281980%20TV%20series%29 | Love in a Cold Climate (1980 TV series) | Cast | </noinclude>
Love in a Cold Climate is a 1980 British television series produced by Thames Television. It is an adaptation of the Nancy Mitford novels The Pursuit of Love (1945) and Love in a Cold Climate (1949), set between 1924 and 1940, with a screenplay adaptation by Simon Raven. It was originally broadcast on the ITV network in eight episodes. The series starred Lucy Gutteridge, Rosalyn Landor, Michael Aldridge, Judi Dench, Vivian Pickles, and Jean-Pierre Cassel. | Judi Dench as Aunt Sadie (Lady Alconleigh)
Michael Aldridge as Uncle Matt (Matthew Radlett, Lord Alconleigh)
Michael Williams as Davey Warbeck
Lucy Gutteridge as Linda
John Moffatt as Lord Merlin
Isabelle Amyes as Fanny
Vivian Pickles as Lady Montdore
Job Stewart as Boy Dougdale
Rosalyn Landor as Lady Polly Hampton
Rebecca Saire as Victoria
Christopher Scoular as Alfred
Richard Hurndall as Lord Montdore
Michael Cochrane as Cedric Hampton
Yolande Palfrey as Jassy
Selena Carey-Jones as Louisa
Max Harris as Little Matt
Jean-Pierre Cassel as Fabrice, duc de Sauveterre
Patience Collier as duchesse de Sauveterre
Anthony Head as Tony Kroesig
Peter Howell as Duke of Paddington
Joshua Le Touzel as Bob
David Parfitt as Little Matt
Leon Eagles as Sir Leicester Kroesig
Daphne Neville as Lady Kroesig
Diana Fairfax as Emily Warbeck
Adrienne Corri as Veronica Chaddesley-Corbett
Noel Johnson as Lord Stromboli
Ralph Lawson as Christian Talbot
Ann Queensberry as Lady Patricia
Richard Beale as Josh
Michael Lees as Lord Fort-William
Amanda Boxer as Young Baroness
Sheila Brennan as The Bolter
Anthony Higgins as Juan
Suzanne Burden as Lavender Davis
Michael Elwyn as Roly
Tamzin Neville as Linda
Kate Valentine as Fanny
Katherine Kath as Old Countess
Simon Lack as Doctor
Emma Higginson as Victoria
Geoffrey Lumsden as Sir Archibald Curtly
Pamela Pitchford as Mrs Hunt
Michael Jayes as Robert Parker
Gillian Maude as Germaine
Gérard Falconetti as Barman | [] | [
"Cast"
] | [
"1980 British television series debuts",
"1980 British television series endings",
"1980s British drama television series",
"1980s British television miniseries",
"Television shows based on British novels",
"ITV television dramas",
"Period television series",
"Television series by Fremantle (company)"... |
projected-26724468-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20cylindraceus | Conus cylindraceus | Introduction | Conus cylindraceus, common name the cylindrical cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1830"
] | |
projected-26724468-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20cylindraceus | Conus cylindraceus | Description | Conus cylindraceus, common name the cylindrical cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of the shell varies between 17 mm and 59 mm. The shell shows fine revolving striae, somewhat granulous towards the base. Its color is chestnut, longitudinally streaked with white, with frequently an upper and lower band of white maculations. | [] | [
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projected-26724468-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20cylindraceus | Conus cylindraceus | Distribution | Conus cylindraceus, common name the cylindrical cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This marine species occurs in the Indian Ocean off Madagascar, Mozambique, the Mascarene Islands; off Indo-China and Indo-Malaysia; off Oceania, off Hawaii and off Western Australia. | [] | [
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projected-26724468-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20cylindraceus | Conus cylindraceus | References | Conus cylindraceus, common name the cylindrical cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Broderip, W.J. & Sowerby, G.B. 1830. Observations on new or interesting Mollusca, contained for the most part, in the Museum of the Zoological Society (to be continued). Zoological Journal of London 5: 46–51
Reeve, L.A. 1843. Monograph of the genus Conus. pls 1–39 in Reeve, L.A. (ed.). Conchologica Iconica. London : L. Reeve & Co. Vol. 1.
Habe, T. 1964. Shells of the Western Pacific in color. Osaka : Hoikusha Vol. 2 233 pp., 66 pls.
Hinton, A. 1972. Shells of New Guinea and the Central Indo-Pacific. Milton : Jacaranda Press xviii 94 pp.
Cernohorsky, W.O. 1978. Tropical Pacific Marine Shells. Sydney : Pacific Publications 352 pp., 68 pls.
Wilson, B. 1994. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.
Röckel, D., Korn, W. & Kohn, A.J. 1995. Manual of the Living Conidae. Volume 1: Indo-Pacific Region. Wiesbaden : Hemmen 517 pp.
Severns, M. (2011). Shells of the Hawaiian Islands – The Sea Shells. Conchbooks, Hackenheim. 564 pp.
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
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projected-71477642-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%20Bread%20Alone%20%28novel%29 | For Bread Alone (novel) | Introduction | For Bread Alone is one of the most famous literary works by the writer Mohammed Choukri, and the most controversial. It was written in Arabic in 1972 and translated in 1973 by Paul Bowles, and to French in 1981 by Tahar Ben Jelloun. It was not published in Arabic until the year 1982 because of controversy engendered by its unusual boldness. The novel was translated into 39 foreign languages. | [] | [
"Introduction"
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projected-71477642-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%20Bread%20Alone%20%28novel%29 | For Bread Alone (novel) | Family | For Bread Alone is one of the most famous literary works by the writer Mohammed Choukri, and the most controversial. It was written in Arabic in 1972 and translated in 1973 by Paul Bowles, and to French in 1981 by Tahar Ben Jelloun. It was not published in Arabic until the year 1982 because of controversy engendered by its unusual boldness. The novel was translated into 39 foreign languages. | The novel relates the tragedy of a person whose circumstances forced him to remain in the darkness of illiteracy until he reached the age of twenty. His youth was a drift in the world of misery, where violence alone strengthened the daily exiles. All of that happened in a crushed environment under the pressure of colonialism and the spread of poverty, hunger, ignorance, and epidemics, where eating from trash bins and sorcery rituals such as the drinking of blood with the intention of healing. The mother of the protagonist used to resort to the "shawafat" and light candles on the tombs of the saints with the intention of becoming closer to God so that her husband would come out. His mother was forced to sell vegetables and fruits in the city's markets, while Shukri was subsisting from the trash bins of the rich Christian Europeans, not the trash bins of the Muslim Moroccans, which were poor, according to him. Through it, the boy coexisted with morally bad individuals and groups. The protagonist in the novel grew up in a family in which the role of the father was unjust and cruel, taking snuff and cursing God. The violence in which the son grew up around, leads to his spiritual, moral, and ethical destruction, and makes him reject the traditional family system, in which the father is positioned at the top. By doing so, the writer seeks to destroy the father's symbolic position, and destroy his authority, which is the cause of his misery. He felt dissatisfied with his mother's laughter with his father. "Damn all fathers if they are like my father." "I hate people who look like my father." His intense hatred for his father prompted him to replace his patriarchal society with a feminine one, and a tendency for violence and revenge was born, "in my imagination, I don't remember how many times I killed him." When his father was beaten in front of him, this scene was a consolation for him. | [] | [
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projected-71477642-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%20Bread%20Alone%20%28novel%29 | For Bread Alone (novel) | Tangiers | For Bread Alone is one of the most famous literary works by the writer Mohammed Choukri, and the most controversial. It was written in Arabic in 1972 and translated in 1973 by Paul Bowles, and to French in 1981 by Tahar Ben Jelloun. It was not published in Arabic until the year 1982 because of controversy engendered by its unusual boldness. The novel was translated into 39 foreign languages. | He fled the countryside to Tangier, encountering foreigners, prostitution, and drugs and living in the underworld. The narrator chased women throughout his life, starting with bestiality, passing through Asia, Fatima, Sulafa, and the prostitutes. He lived his life in this manner to the extent that he becomes a professional prostitute. Shukri came to the city by force and not by choice, while his father was on the run from Franco's army, and he was arrested and imprisoned for two years, which he spent between Tangier and Asilah. In the port of Tangiers, Shukri sold cigarettes and drugs to foreigners and was leading American soldiers to European brothels. | [] | [
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projected-71477642-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%20Bread%20Alone%20%28novel%29 | For Bread Alone (novel) | Publication history | For Bread Alone is one of the most famous literary works by the writer Mohammed Choukri, and the most controversial. It was written in Arabic in 1972 and translated in 1973 by Paul Bowles, and to French in 1981 by Tahar Ben Jelloun. It was not published in Arabic until the year 1982 because of controversy engendered by its unusual boldness. The novel was translated into 39 foreign languages. | "For Bread Alone" is the first part of Choukri's autobiography that consisted of his three most important works. In addition to this novel, there is "Time of mistakes" and "Faces". The writer said that the idea of an autobiography came from his American writer friend Paul Bowles who resides in Tangier, and he sold it orally before he actually started writing it. Tahar Ben Jellon has translated For Bread Alone into French and it was published by Maspero publishing house. The book was welcomed positively among readers and critics. The book stayed hidden for twenty years before it got published by the writer himself in Arabic in Morocco. After that, the book entered the modern Arab literary fabric, where great admiration met with rejection, repression, and prevention so that the story of the book prevailed over the book itself. This work sparked an uproar and was banned in most Arab countries, as its critics considered it bold in a way that does not conform to the traditions of Arab societies. The book is still banned or almost banned in most Arab countries. | [] | [
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projected-71477642-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%20Bread%20Alone%20%28novel%29 | For Bread Alone (novel) | Title | For Bread Alone is one of the most famous literary works by the writer Mohammed Choukri, and the most controversial. It was written in Arabic in 1972 and translated in 1973 by Paul Bowles, and to French in 1981 by Tahar Ben Jelloun. It was not published in Arabic until the year 1982 because of controversy engendered by its unusual boldness. The novel was translated into 39 foreign languages. | For the Arab reader, the title of this novel refers to subsistence life, because bread is not intended in itself. However, the writer's friend, novelist Tahar Ben Jelloun, chose to translate Shukri's title with an intermediate title for the Francophone reader: (French: "Le Pain Nu"), meaning "naked bread". "Bread," as Tahar Ben jellon sees it through his French title, may be a "meal alone." | [] | [
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projected-71477642-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%20Bread%20Alone%20%28novel%29 | For Bread Alone (novel) | Cinema | For Bread Alone is one of the most famous literary works by the writer Mohammed Choukri, and the most controversial. It was written in Arabic in 1972 and translated in 1973 by Paul Bowles, and to French in 1981 by Tahar Ben Jelloun. It was not published in Arabic until the year 1982 because of controversy engendered by its unusual boldness. The novel was translated into 39 foreign languages. | In 2004, Algerian director Rachid Ben haj transferred the novel to the cinema in a film of the same name: For bread Alone. | [] | [
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projected-71477642-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%20Bread%20Alone%20%28novel%29 | For Bread Alone (novel) | References | For Bread Alone is one of the most famous literary works by the writer Mohammed Choukri, and the most controversial. It was written in Arabic in 1972 and translated in 1973 by Paul Bowles, and to French in 1981 by Tahar Ben Jelloun. It was not published in Arabic until the year 1982 because of controversy engendered by its unusual boldness. The novel was translated into 39 foreign languages. | Category:1982 novels
Category:20th-century Moroccan novels
Category:Arabic-language novels | [] | [
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projected-56570365-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior%20Firpo | Junior Firpo | Introduction | Héctor Junior Firpo Adames (born 22 August 1996), known as Junior Firpo or simply Junior, is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Premier League club Leeds United. Mainly a left-back, he can also play as a centre-back or right-back. | [] | [
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projected-56570365-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior%20Firpo | Junior Firpo | Real Betis | Héctor Junior Firpo Adames (born 22 August 1996), known as Junior Firpo or simply Junior, is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Premier League club Leeds United. Mainly a left-back, he can also play as a centre-back or right-back. | Born in Santo Domingo, Junior moved to Benalmádena, Málaga, Andalusia at the age of six and joined Real Betis' youth setup in June 2014, aged 18, from Puerto Malagueño. He made his senior debut with the reserves on 15 February 2015, starting in a 1–1 home draw against Granada B in the Segunda División B.
Definitely promoted to the B-side ahead of the 2015–16 season, Junior appeared regularly during the season, which ended in relegation. On 17 April 2016 he scored his first senior goal, netting the third in a 4–0 away win over Algeciras.
On 1 August 2017, after spending the whole pre-season with the main squad, Junior renewed his contract until 2021. He made his first team – and La Liga – debut the following 12 February, starting in a 1–0 away defeat of Deportivo La Coruña, becoming the first Dominican Republic-born player to have ever featured in La Liga.
Junior scored his first professional goal on 17 March 2018, netting the first in a 3–0 home win against Espanyol. On 19 August, after being promoted to the main squad, he agreed to a contract extension until 2023. | [] | [
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projected-56570365-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior%20Firpo | Junior Firpo | Barcelona | Héctor Junior Firpo Adames (born 22 August 1996), known as Junior Firpo or simply Junior, is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Premier League club Leeds United. Mainly a left-back, he can also play as a centre-back or right-back. | On 4 August 2019, Junior signed a five-year deal with Barcelona for €18 million
plus €12 million in add-ons. He made his debut three weeks later in a 5–2 home win over his former club Betis, playing the last nine minutes in place of Rafinha. On 28 September, Junior scored his first goal for Barcelona and the second goal against Getafe in 2–0 win. On 27 November, he made his UEFA Champions League debut in a 3–1 group stage victory over Borussia Dortmund.
On 13 February 2021, Firpo scored his second (and last) goal for Barça in a 5–1 home win over Alavés. | [] | [
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projected-56570365-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior%20Firpo | Junior Firpo | Leeds United | Héctor Junior Firpo Adames (born 22 August 1996), known as Junior Firpo or simply Junior, is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Premier League club Leeds United. Mainly a left-back, he can also play as a centre-back or right-back. | On 6 July 2021, Firpo signed a four-year deal with Premier League club Leeds United for a fee of €15 million plus add-ons, with Barcelona reserving rights to 20% of his future sales. He was expected to replace Ezgjan Alioski at the left back role after Alioski's contract expired, and made his debut for the club in that position on 14 August in the second half of the season opener at Old Trafford, where he came on as a tactical substitute for Rodrigo in a 5–1 loss. | [] | [
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projected-56570365-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior%20Firpo | Junior Firpo | International career | Héctor Junior Firpo Adames (born 22 August 1996), known as Junior Firpo or simply Junior, is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Premier League club Leeds United. Mainly a left-back, he can also play as a centre-back or right-back. | Despite being born in the Dominican Republic, he has spent the majority of his life in Spain and continues to hold citizenship for both countries. On 9 October 2015, he played the entire second half of a 0–6 non-FIFA friendly loss for the Dominican Republic senior national team against the Brazil Olympic team.
On 31 August 2018, Junior was called up to the Spain under-21 team for two 2019 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying matches against Albania and Northern Ireland. He made his debut on 7 September, starting in a 3–0 win against the former. | [] | [
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projected-56570365-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior%20Firpo | Junior Firpo | Honours | Héctor Junior Firpo Adames (born 22 August 1996), known as Junior Firpo or simply Junior, is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Premier League club Leeds United. Mainly a left-back, he can also play as a centre-back or right-back. | Barcelona
Copa del Rey: 2020–21
Spain U21
UEFA European Under-21 Championship: 2019 | [] | [
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projected-56570370-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehli%20Irani | Mehli Irani | Introduction | Mehli Dinshaw Irani (26 June 1930 – 3 April 2021) was an Indian cricketer, who played as a left-handed batsman and wicket-keeper. Irani played in the Kanga Cricket League for over 50 years. He made one appearance for Bombay in the Ranji Trophy, and also played club cricket for Bombay University and Parsee Cyclists. | [
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projected-56570370-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehli%20Irani | Mehli Irani | Career | Mehli Dinshaw Irani (26 June 1930 – 3 April 2021) was an Indian cricketer, who played as a left-handed batsman and wicket-keeper. Irani played in the Kanga Cricket League for over 50 years. He made one appearance for Bombay in the Ranji Trophy, and also played club cricket for Bombay University and Parsee Cyclists. | Irani was a left-handed batsman and wicket-keeper. He captained the St. Xavier's College cricket team, and later played club cricket for Bombay Gymkhana and Parsee Cyclists. At Bombay Gymkhana, Irani played alongside Rohan Gavaskar, the son of Test cricketer Sunil Gavaskar.
In December 1951, Irani played for Bombay University in a match against the Marylebone Cricket Club. In the match, he played alongside Madhusudan Patil, the father of Test cricketer Sandeep Patil. In the 1952–53 season, Irani captained a Bombay University team that included five future Test match players: (Nari Contractor, Naren Tamhane, Chandrakant Patankar, Gundibail Sunderam and Ramnath Kenny). In one match captained by Irani, five catches were dropped in the opening over. The Bombay University team won that year's Rohinta Barion Trophy, after defeating Delhi in the final. In 1953, Irani made his only appearance in the Ranji Trophy, playing for Bombay in a match against Baroda. He was out lbw to Vijay Hazare for 17. Irani's team-mate Shishir Hattangadi said that Irani was disappointed to have only ever played one Ranji Trophy match.
Irani played in the Kanga Cricket League, a monsoon season cricket tournament, for 57 years, starting in 1949. He described the difficulty of batting in the tournament: "A person who gets 30 or 40 runs is as good as getting a 50 or a 100 when you play on a dry wicket, the uncertainty of the wicket added to Kanga League’s beauty." He played for Parsee Cyclists, and took over the captaincy of the side from Nari Contractor. In 1991, Irani stumped Sachin Tendulkar in a Kanga League match. Irani played as a wicket-keeper even in his 60s, before retiring from cricket at the age of 69. | [] | [
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projected-56570370-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehli%20Irani | Mehli Irani | Personal life and death | Mehli Dinshaw Irani (26 June 1930 – 3 April 2021) was an Indian cricketer, who played as a left-handed batsman and wicket-keeper. Irani played in the Kanga Cricket League for over 50 years. He made one appearance for Bombay in the Ranji Trophy, and also played club cricket for Bombay University and Parsee Cyclists. | At Bombay Cricket Club, Irani was nicknamed the "centre table man". Irani was married to Dhanu, and they had two daughters. He continued to attend Bombay Gymkhana cricket matches even after his retirement, until he moved to Dubai in December 2020 to be near one of his daughters. Irani died on 3 April 2021 in Dubai, and his death was announced by the Mumbai Cricket Association. His funeral was held the next day. | [] | [
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projected-23576310-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofi%20Yamgnane | Kofi Yamgnane | Introduction | Kofi Martin Yamgnane (born 11 October 1945) is a French-Togolese politician and engineer. | [] | [
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projected-23576310-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofi%20Yamgnane | Kofi Yamgnane | Biography | Kofi Martin Yamgnane (born 11 October 1945) is a French-Togolese politician and engineer. | Yamgnane was born in 1945 in Bassar, Togo. A member of the Bassar ethnic group in central Togo, he attended a missionary school as his early education. In 1957, he enrolled at the St. Joseph College in Lomé, capital of Togo. Yamgnane received his baccalauréat in 1964. Afterward, he moved to France to study engineering. He obtained a degree in mathematics from the University of Western Brittany in 1969. Yamgnane obtained French citizenship in 1975. After years of doing engineering work without qualifications, such as designing expressway structures, he enrolled at the École nationale supérieure des mines de Nancy in 1977 and graduated in 1981.
In 1983, he joined the town council of a village of Brittany, Saint-Coulitz (less than 400 inhabitants). He lost the election for mayor in the second round as a member of the Socialist Party. He became well known in France in 1989 after being elected mayor of Saint-Coulitz, and at this time, one out of only two black mayors in Metropolitan France. He created a council of elders, similar to governing bodies in Africa. This initiative won Yamgnane the "National Award of citizenship" in April 1990, and he was named "Breton of the year" by Armor Magazine.
A former engineer in the French Bridges and Roads administration, he was Secretary of State of Integration in the French government from 1991 to 1993. The following year, he was elected a Conseiller général of Finistère. Yamgnane became a representative in the French National Assembly on 1 June 1997, representing Finistère. He was a member of the delegation of the National Assembly to women's rights and equal opportunities between men and women. Yamagnane served on several commissions in the Assembly, including national defense, trade, cultural affairs, finance, constitutional laws, marine transport safety, and children's rights. His term ended on 18 June 2002.
After the death of Togolese president Gnassingbe Eyadema in 2005, Yamgnane thought of running for president but decided it was not the right time. He stood as a candidate in the 2010 Togolese presidential election. Yamgnane campaigned on improving the health of Togolese, fixing roads and bridges, reducing unemployment, and curbing corruption. He aimed to nationalize lage industries without creating "a witch hunt". However, his candidacy was rejected by the Constitutional Court due to doubts about his identity. His papers showed two different birth dates, 11 October 1945, and 31 December 1945. The October 11 date comes from an affidavit signed by his father on 16 March 1948, while the 31 December date is used by the Togolese government. "All Togolese know around them at least one person in my case. Does this mean that this whole section of the population should be excluded from universal suffrage?" Yamgnane said.
He was arrested in October 2014 on the charge of "influence peddling" and tax evasion in the context of the Christophe Rocancourt case. | [] | [
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projected-23576310-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofi%20Yamgnane | Kofi Yamgnane | Personal life | Kofi Martin Yamgnane (born 11 October 1945) is a French-Togolese politician and engineer. | Yamgnane is married to Anne-Marie la Bretonne, a retired professor of mathematics. They live in Lomé and have two children. He is friends with Togolese archbishop Denis Amouzou, as the two share an affinity for scouting. | [] | [
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projected-23576310-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofi%20Yamgnane | Kofi Yamgnane | References | Kofi Martin Yamgnane (born 11 October 1945) is a French-Togolese politician and engineer. | Category:1945 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Kara Region
Category:Ewe people
Category:Togolese emigrants to France
Category:Black French politicians
Category:Socialist Party (France) politicians
Category:Secretaries of State of France
Category:Deputies of the 11th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
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projected-56570403-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1924%20Drexel%20Dragons%20football%20team | 1924 Drexel Dragons football team | Introduction | The 1924 Drexel Dragons football team represented Drexel Institute—now known as Drexel University—in the 1924 college football season. Led by Harry J. O'Brien in his third season as head coach, the team compiled a record of 2–7. | [] | [
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projected-56570403-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1924%20Drexel%20Dragons%20football%20team | 1924 Drexel Dragons football team | References | The 1924 Drexel Dragons football team represented Drexel Institute—now known as Drexel University—in the 1924 college football season. Led by Harry J. O'Brien in his third season as head coach, the team compiled a record of 2–7. | Drexel
Category:Drexel Dragons football seasons
Drexel Dragons football | [] | [
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"1924 in sports in Pennsylvania"
] |
projected-23576312-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed%20Flute%20Cave | Reed Flute Cave | Introduction | The Reed Flute Cave (), also known as "the Palace of Natural Arts," is a landmark and tourist attraction in Guilin, Guangxi, China.
The cave got its name from the type of reed growing outside, which can be made into flutes. Reed Flute Cave is filled with a large number of stalactites, stalagmites and other rock formations. Inside, there are more than 70 inscriptions written in ink, which can be dated back as far as 792 AD in the Tang Dynasty. These aged inscriptions tell us that it has been an attraction in Guilin since ancient times. It was rediscovered in the 1940s by a group of refugees fleeing the Japanese troops. Nowadays, multicolored lighting artificially illuminates the cave. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Caves of Guangxi",
"Limestone caves",
"Karst formations of China",
"Show caves in China",
"Tourist attractions in Guilin"
] | |
projected-56570474-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TVyNovelas%20Award%20for%20Best%20Unit%20Program | TVyNovelas Award for Best Unit Program | Records | Most awarded program: La rosa de Guadalupe, 5 times.
Most nominated program: La rosa de Guadalupe and Como dice el dicho with 7 nominations.
Most nominated program without a win: Laura with 2 nominations.
Program winning after short time: Como dice el dicho (2015, 2016 and 2017), 3 consecutive years.
Program winning after long time: La rosa de Guadalupe (2014 and 2018), 4 years difference. | [] | [
"Records"
] | [
"TVyNovelas Awards",
"Mexican television awards",
"Mexican telenovelas"
] | |
projected-71477665-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20of%20Writers%20of%20Yugoslavia | Association of Writers of Yugoslavia | Introduction | The Association of Writers of Yugoslavia or the Yugoslav Writer's Union (, , ) was an umbrella organisation of 6 of the constituent republics' writers associations in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The Association coordinated cooperation between its member organizations. From 1965 onwards, the Association was transformed into a coordination body of its members at the time; the Association of Writers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Association of Writers of Montenegro, the Croatian Writers' Association, the Association of Writers of Serbia, Association of Writers of Macedonia and the Slovene Writers' Association. Ivo Andrić was unanimously elected as the first president of the Association in 1946.
With progressive decentralisation and confederalisation of Yugoslavia itself, exemplified in the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution, the importance of the federal association became less prominent from 1970s onwards with republican association attaining more central place in literary life of the country.
Following the last Congress in 1985 in Novi Sad association became one of the first federal institutions which experienced paralyzing querals leading to effective and never formally declared dissolution in 1990. The crisis deepened already in 1986 when Serbian republican branch proposed Miodrag Bulatović as the new president of the association's rotating presidency to which Serbian candidate was to be elected at the time. This candidate was rejected by Slovenian, Kosovan, Montenegrin and Croatian branch whose delegates claimed that the candidate was hostile to other Yugoslav nations. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Yugoslav writers",
"Serbian literature",
"Cultural history of Serbia",
"Serbian writers' organizations",
"Croatian literature",
"Cultural history of Croatia",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina literature",
"Cultural history of Bosnia and Herzegovina",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina writers' organizations",
"Maced... | |
projected-71477665-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20of%20Writers%20of%20Yugoslavia | Association of Writers of Yugoslavia | History | The Association of Writers of Yugoslavia or the Yugoslav Writer's Union (, , ) was an umbrella organisation of 6 of the constituent republics' writers associations in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The Association coordinated cooperation between its member organizations. From 1965 onwards, the Association was transformed into a coordination body of its members at the time; the Association of Writers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Association of Writers of Montenegro, the Croatian Writers' Association, the Association of Writers of Serbia, Association of Writers of Macedonia and the Slovene Writers' Association. Ivo Andrić was unanimously elected as the first president of the Association in 1946.
With progressive decentralisation and confederalisation of Yugoslavia itself, exemplified in the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution, the importance of the federal association became less prominent from 1970s onwards with republican association attaining more central place in literary life of the country.
Following the last Congress in 1985 in Novi Sad association became one of the first federal institutions which experienced paralyzing querals leading to effective and never formally declared dissolution in 1990. The crisis deepened already in 1986 when Serbian republican branch proposed Miodrag Bulatović as the new president of the association's rotating presidency to which Serbian candidate was to be elected at the time. This candidate was rejected by Slovenian, Kosovan, Montenegrin and Croatian branch whose delegates claimed that the candidate was hostile to other Yugoslav nations. | Following the 1948 Tito-Stalin split increased plurality developed in Yugoslav literature with Miroslav Krleža's speech at the Third Congress of the Association in Ljubljana in 1952, which epitomised artistic distancing from previously promoted socialist realism.
In 1956, the Association sent Petar Guberina as the Yugoslav observer representative to the Congress of Black Writers and Artists in Paris who attended the second Congress in Rome in 1959 as well.
In 1958, the Association nominated Yugoslav author Ivo Andrić as its first ever candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature, a prize he would receive in 1961.
In 1966 the Association broke off all formal relations with the Union of Writers of Bulgaria after Bulgarian partners rejected to sign a document in Macedonian language. Relations were not re-established until the end of the existence of the Association as the Yugoslav side insisted that all of the agreements will be signed in Bulgarian and Macedonian language. | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Yugoslav writers",
"Serbian literature",
"Cultural history of Serbia",
"Serbian writers' organizations",
"Croatian literature",
"Cultural history of Croatia",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina literature",
"Cultural history of Bosnia and Herzegovina",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina writers' organizations",
"Maced... |
projected-71477665-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20of%20Writers%20of%20Yugoslavia | Association of Writers of Yugoslavia | Congresses | The Association of Writers of Yugoslavia or the Yugoslav Writer's Union (, , ) was an umbrella organisation of 6 of the constituent republics' writers associations in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The Association coordinated cooperation between its member organizations. From 1965 onwards, the Association was transformed into a coordination body of its members at the time; the Association of Writers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Association of Writers of Montenegro, the Croatian Writers' Association, the Association of Writers of Serbia, Association of Writers of Macedonia and the Slovene Writers' Association. Ivo Andrić was unanimously elected as the first president of the Association in 1946.
With progressive decentralisation and confederalisation of Yugoslavia itself, exemplified in the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution, the importance of the federal association became less prominent from 1970s onwards with republican association attaining more central place in literary life of the country.
Following the last Congress in 1985 in Novi Sad association became one of the first federal institutions which experienced paralyzing querals leading to effective and never formally declared dissolution in 1990. The crisis deepened already in 1986 when Serbian republican branch proposed Miodrag Bulatović as the new president of the association's rotating presidency to which Serbian candidate was to be elected at the time. This candidate was rejected by Slovenian, Kosovan, Montenegrin and Croatian branch whose delegates claimed that the candidate was hostile to other Yugoslav nations. | 1st Congress, Belgrade, PR Serbia (17-19 November 1946)
The event took place at the Ilija M. Kolarac Endowment building with 40 delegates from Serbia, 40 from Croatia, 25 from Slovenia, 9 from Bosnia and Herzegovina, 6 from Vojvodina, 6 from Macedonia and 3 from Montenegro in attendance as well as guests from embassies of France, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania and Hungary with writer delegates from those countries as well as from Poland and USSR. Delegates included minority communities representatives for Hungarians, Romanians and Slovaks. Ivo Andrić was elected president and Vladimir Nazor honorary president of the Association.
2nd Congress, Zagreb, PR Croatia (26-29 December 1949)
The event took place at the Croatian Music Institute building. The event was used as a platform to represent Yugoslav literary production and literature promotion and inter-Yugoslav exchange efforts since 1946.
3rd Congress, Ljubljana, PR Slovenia (1952)
4th Congress, Ohrid, PR Macedonia (15-17 September 1955)
5th Congress, Belgrade, PR Serbia (25-28 November 1958)
6th Congress, Sarajevo, PR Bosnia and Herzegovina (16-18 September 1961)
7th Congress, Titograd, PR Montenegro (24-26 September 1964)
The event was marked by four competing proposals for the substantial statutory reform of the association without shared agreement to accept any of them in full. The first proposal by the Serbian republican branch was introduced on 20 May 1964 recommending introduction of permanent executive secretariat and obligatory rotation in leadership among republican branches. Croatian proposal recommended that seat of the association should be rotated every three years instead of permanent location in Belgrade and accepted the idea on the rotation of leadership together with seat rotation. Slovenian proposal recommended that since organisation formally started to function as a coordination it's bodies should consist of delegated members of republican branches instead of elected independent representatives or secretariat. The last proposal was introduced by Dobrica Ćosić with independent group of writers which included Antonije Isaković, Oskar Davičo, Aleksandar Tišma and others recommending introduction of new type of organisation in parallel with territorial principle in which writers would cooperate on the level of Yugoslavia based on their specific interests and affinities. The Congress decided to take all of the proposals for further analysis.
Extraordinary Congress, Belgrade, SR Serbia (21-22 December 1965)
8th Congress, Belgrade, SR Serbia (2-4 October 1975)
9th Congress, Novi Sad, SAP Vojvodina, SR Serbia (15-20 April 1985)
10th Congress, Vrnjačka Banja, SR Serbia (9-11 January 1990, CANCELLED ahead after Slovenian, Croatian, Kosovo and Macedonian branches refused to attend) | [] | [
"Congresses"
] | [
"Yugoslav writers",
"Serbian literature",
"Cultural history of Serbia",
"Serbian writers' organizations",
"Croatian literature",
"Cultural history of Croatia",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina literature",
"Cultural history of Bosnia and Herzegovina",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina writers' organizations",
"Maced... |
projected-71477665-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20of%20Writers%20of%20Yugoslavia | Association of Writers of Yugoslavia | Presidents | The Association of Writers of Yugoslavia or the Yugoslav Writer's Union (, , ) was an umbrella organisation of 6 of the constituent republics' writers associations in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The Association coordinated cooperation between its member organizations. From 1965 onwards, the Association was transformed into a coordination body of its members at the time; the Association of Writers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Association of Writers of Montenegro, the Croatian Writers' Association, the Association of Writers of Serbia, Association of Writers of Macedonia and the Slovene Writers' Association. Ivo Andrić was unanimously elected as the first president of the Association in 1946.
With progressive decentralisation and confederalisation of Yugoslavia itself, exemplified in the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution, the importance of the federal association became less prominent from 1970s onwards with republican association attaining more central place in literary life of the country.
Following the last Congress in 1985 in Novi Sad association became one of the first federal institutions which experienced paralyzing querals leading to effective and never formally declared dissolution in 1990. The crisis deepened already in 1986 when Serbian republican branch proposed Miodrag Bulatović as the new president of the association's rotating presidency to which Serbian candidate was to be elected at the time. This candidate was rejected by Slovenian, Kosovan, Montenegrin and Croatian branch whose delegates claimed that the candidate was hostile to other Yugoslav nations. | Ivo Andrić (1946-1952)
Josip Vidmar 1952-1958)
Miroslav Krleža (1958-1961)
Blaže Koneski (1961-1964)
Meša Selimović (1964-1965)
Matej Bor (1965-1968)
Aco Šopov (1968-1970)
Ivo Frangeš (1970-1972)
Gustav Krklec (1975-1977)
Tomislav Ketig acting on behalf (1975-1978)
Otto Tolnai (1990, the last president) | [] | [
"Presidents"
] | [
"Yugoslav writers",
"Serbian literature",
"Cultural history of Serbia",
"Serbian writers' organizations",
"Croatian literature",
"Cultural history of Croatia",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina literature",
"Cultural history of Bosnia and Herzegovina",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina writers' organizations",
"Maced... |
projected-71477665-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20of%20Writers%20of%20Yugoslavia | Association of Writers of Yugoslavia | See also | The Association of Writers of Yugoslavia or the Yugoslav Writer's Union (, , ) was an umbrella organisation of 6 of the constituent republics' writers associations in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The Association coordinated cooperation between its member organizations. From 1965 onwards, the Association was transformed into a coordination body of its members at the time; the Association of Writers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Association of Writers of Montenegro, the Croatian Writers' Association, the Association of Writers of Serbia, Association of Writers of Macedonia and the Slovene Writers' Association. Ivo Andrić was unanimously elected as the first president of the Association in 1946.
With progressive decentralisation and confederalisation of Yugoslavia itself, exemplified in the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution, the importance of the federal association became less prominent from 1970s onwards with republican association attaining more central place in literary life of the country.
Following the last Congress in 1985 in Novi Sad association became one of the first federal institutions which experienced paralyzing querals leading to effective and never formally declared dissolution in 1990. The crisis deepened already in 1986 when Serbian republican branch proposed Miodrag Bulatović as the new president of the association's rotating presidency to which Serbian candidate was to be elected at the time. This candidate was rejected by Slovenian, Kosovan, Montenegrin and Croatian branch whose delegates claimed that the candidate was hostile to other Yugoslav nations. | Languages of Yugoslavia
Bosnian literature
Croatian literature
Macedonian literature
Montenegrin literature
Serbian literature
Slovene literature | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Yugoslav writers",
"Serbian literature",
"Cultural history of Serbia",
"Serbian writers' organizations",
"Croatian literature",
"Cultural history of Croatia",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina literature",
"Cultural history of Bosnia and Herzegovina",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina writers' organizations",
"Maced... |
projected-71477665-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20of%20Writers%20of%20Yugoslavia | Association of Writers of Yugoslavia | References | The Association of Writers of Yugoslavia or the Yugoslav Writer's Union (, , ) was an umbrella organisation of 6 of the constituent republics' writers associations in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The Association coordinated cooperation between its member organizations. From 1965 onwards, the Association was transformed into a coordination body of its members at the time; the Association of Writers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Association of Writers of Montenegro, the Croatian Writers' Association, the Association of Writers of Serbia, Association of Writers of Macedonia and the Slovene Writers' Association. Ivo Andrić was unanimously elected as the first president of the Association in 1946.
With progressive decentralisation and confederalisation of Yugoslavia itself, exemplified in the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution, the importance of the federal association became less prominent from 1970s onwards with republican association attaining more central place in literary life of the country.
Following the last Congress in 1985 in Novi Sad association became one of the first federal institutions which experienced paralyzing querals leading to effective and never formally declared dissolution in 1990. The crisis deepened already in 1986 when Serbian republican branch proposed Miodrag Bulatović as the new president of the association's rotating presidency to which Serbian candidate was to be elected at the time. This candidate was rejected by Slovenian, Kosovan, Montenegrin and Croatian branch whose delegates claimed that the candidate was hostile to other Yugoslav nations. | *
Category:Serbian literature
Category:Cultural history of Serbia
Category:Serbian writers' organizations
Category:Croatian literature
Category:Cultural history of Croatia
Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina literature
Category:Cultural history of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina writers' organizations
Category:Macedonian literature
Category:Cultural history of North Macedonia
Category:Macedonian writers' organizations
Category:Slovenian literature
Category:Cultural history of Slovenia
Category:Slovenian writers' organizations
Category:Montenegrin literature
Category:Cultural history of Montenegro
Category:Kosovan literature
Category:Cultural history of Kosovo
Category:Writers' organizations
Category:20th century in Belgrade
Category:Yugoslav culture
Category:1946 establishments in Yugoslavia
Category:1990 disestablishments in Yugoslavia
Category:Arts organizations established in 1946
Category:Arts organizations disestablished in the 20th century | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Yugoslav writers",
"Serbian literature",
"Cultural history of Serbia",
"Serbian writers' organizations",
"Croatian literature",
"Cultural history of Croatia",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina literature",
"Cultural history of Bosnia and Herzegovina",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina writers' organizations",
"Maced... |
projected-23576315-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Break%20Up%20to%20Make%20Up | Break Up to Make Up | Introduction | "Break Up to Make Up" was a 1973 hit by the Philadelphia soul group the Stylistics. The song was written by Thom Bell, Linda Creed, and Kenneth Gamble.
An R&B ballad, it was the seventh track from their 1972 album Round 2 and was released as a single and reached number 5 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. It also climbed to number 5 in the Billboard R&B chart and reached number 34 in the UK Singles Chart in April 1973. The Stylistics' recording sold over one million copies in the US, earning the band a gold disc The award was presented by the RIAA on April 6, 1973. It was the band's fourth gold disc. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1973 singles",
"The Stylistics songs",
"Songs written by Thom Bell",
"Songs written by Linda Creed",
"Songs written by Kenny Gamble",
"1972 songs",
"Avco Records singles"
] | |
projected-23576315-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Break%20Up%20to%20Make%20Up | Break Up to Make Up | References | "Break Up to Make Up" was a 1973 hit by the Philadelphia soul group the Stylistics. The song was written by Thom Bell, Linda Creed, and Kenneth Gamble.
An R&B ballad, it was the seventh track from their 1972 album Round 2 and was released as a single and reached number 5 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. It also climbed to number 5 in the Billboard R&B chart and reached number 34 in the UK Singles Chart in April 1973. The Stylistics' recording sold over one million copies in the US, earning the band a gold disc The award was presented by the RIAA on April 6, 1973. It was the band's fourth gold disc. | Category:1973 singles
Category:The Stylistics songs
Category:Songs written by Thom Bell
Category:Songs written by Linda Creed
Category:Songs written by Kenny Gamble
Category:1972 songs
Category:Avco Records singles | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1973 singles",
"The Stylistics songs",
"Songs written by Thom Bell",
"Songs written by Linda Creed",
"Songs written by Kenny Gamble",
"1972 songs",
"Avco Records singles"
] |
projected-71477675-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laveni%20Vaka | Laveni Vaka | Introduction | Laveni Vaka (born 11 August 2001) is a footballer who plays as a defender for BYU Cougars. Born in the United States, she is a Tonga international. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Living people",
"2001 births",
"American people of Tongan descent",
"American women's soccer players",
"Brigham Young University alumni",
"BYU Cougars women's soccer players",
"Women's association football defenders"
] | |
projected-71477675-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laveni%20Vaka | Laveni Vaka | Career | Laveni Vaka (born 11 August 2001) is a footballer who plays as a defender for BYU Cougars. Born in the United States, she is a Tonga international. | Vaka started her career with BYU Cougars in the United States. | [] | [
"Career"
] | [
"Living people",
"2001 births",
"American people of Tongan descent",
"American women's soccer players",
"Brigham Young University alumni",
"BYU Cougars women's soccer players",
"Women's association football defenders"
] |
projected-71477678-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudorylas%20jenkinsoni | Eudorylas jenkinsoni | Introduction | Eudorylas jenkinsoni is a species of fly in the family Pipunculidae. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Pipunculidae",
"Insects described in 1966",
"Diptera of Europe"
] | |
projected-71477678-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudorylas%20jenkinsoni | Eudorylas jenkinsoni | Distribution | Eudorylas jenkinsoni is a species of fly in the family Pipunculidae. | Belgium, Great Britain, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Latvia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Netherlands. | [] | [
"Distribution"
] | [
"Pipunculidae",
"Insects described in 1966",
"Diptera of Europe"
] |
projected-71477678-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudorylas%20jenkinsoni | Eudorylas jenkinsoni | References | Eudorylas jenkinsoni is a species of fly in the family Pipunculidae. | Category:Pipunculidae
Category:Insects described in 1966
Category:Diptera of Europe | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Pipunculidae",
"Insects described in 1966",
"Diptera of Europe"
] |
projected-06902085-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | Introduction | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... | |
projected-06902085-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | History | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | Sandown Racecourse was first built as a horse racing facility, dating back into the 19th century, but closed in the 1930s in a government run rationalisation program. Redevelopment began not long after World War II. A bitumen motor racing circuit was built around the outside of the proposed horse track (which was not completed until 1965) and was first opened in 1962 and held the race which became the Sandown 500 for the first time in 1964. The circuit hosted its first Australian Touring Car Championship race in 1965. | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | Motor racing | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | The opening meeting, held on 11 and 12 March 1962, featured the 1962 Sandown International Cup, which was contested by world-famous international drivers including Jack Brabham, Jim Clark, Stirling Moss, Bruce McLaren and John Surtees. A second Sandown International Cup was held in 1963, the two races serving as the forerunners of the Sandown round of the annual Tasman Series from 1964 to 1975. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s the race meetings continued to attract international stars along with the best of Australia's drivers.
Australia's traditional Holden/Ford rivalry really surfaced at the track in the late 1960s and through the 1970s with drivers such as Norm Beechey, Ian Geoghegan, Allan Moffat, Bob Jane, Colin Bond and Peter Brock and continues to the present day. From 1968 to 1980 almost every major touring car race held at the circuit was won be those driving either a Holden or a Ford.
1984 saw an extension of the track to to comply with FIA regulations for minimum track length for World Championship events. It also saw the first 500 km race held at the circuit, the Castrol 500, being Round 3 of the 1984 Australian Endurance Championship. Along with the circuit changes, some AUD$600,000 had been spent relocating the pits from its original place between what was turns one and two (now turns one and four) to its now permanent place coming onto the main straight. Peter Brock and Larry Perkins took their Holden Dealer Team VK Commodore to a one lap victory in the 1984 Castrol 500; it was to be the last of Brock's record nine wins in the Sandown enduro events.
In 1989, the International Circuit was abandoned and the track reverted to , though not by using the original 8 turn layout, but a modified 13 turn course. This was achieved by simply bypassing the largely unpopular tight and twisty infield section that had been in use since 1984 and using only the re-configured International (outer) Circuit. The effect was also to bring the cars closer to the spectator area on the outside of the esses to bring back spectators to the area. The esses at the end of the back straight was a popular spectator area during the 1970s and 1980s with several converted Double-decker buses frequenting race meetings.
Sandown continued to host both the 500 kilometre race and a sprint round of the championship, the Sandown Challenge, throughout the majority of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. In 2001 and 2002, the circuit hosted the Grand Finale as the closing round of the season. When the Sandown 500 returned in 2003, the sprint round was removed from the calendar and Sandown no longer hosts two major V8 Supercars events per year.
The infield section was still used for motorcycle racing at the track until about 2000 as the high speed esses (turns 6–9) at the end of the back straight were deemed too dangerous for the bikes at high speed (the entry speed off the straight was close to with very little runoff area between the track and the outside fence. Using the infield section not only bypassed the esses but slowed the bikes down and allowed them to continue using the circuit for the series such as the Australian Superbike Championship.
In late 2007 the Melbourne Racing Club, owner of the venue, brought the management of the motor circuit in house. As part of securing the future of motorsport at the venue Sandown's Manager Wade Calderwood negotiated a long-term deal with V8 Supercars. Under this deal the MRC invested significant funds as part of a 3-year upgrade to the pits and circuit safety.
Under the local Council permit, Sandown Raceway is limited to running five motorsport events per year, at no louder than 95 decibels. Currently these events include the Sandown 500, Historic Sandown, Shannons Nationals and two Victorian State Race Series events.
The long term future of this historic circuit is unclear as the owners of Sandown Park want to have it rezoned so that they can sell it to a property developer who would then demolish the venue and turn it into high density housing. | [] | [
"Motor racing"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | Sandown 500 | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | The circuit is home to the famous Sandown endurance race which was first held in 1964 through to 2007, with a return to the V8 Supercars calendar in 2012.
Traditionally the domain of touring cars, the race has also been held for Series Production cars from 1968–1972 and GT Sports Cars in 2001 and 2002. Peter Brock is the most successful driver of the Sandown enduro with nine outright wins including seven in a row from 1975 to 1981. The race itself wasn't always run over a 500 km distance. The first two races ran for six hours while the next two ran for just three hours. The race distance was 250 km from 1970 until 1975. This was increased to 400 km in 1976 and stayed that way until 1983. It was changed for the last time in 1984 with an increase to 500 km.
The 1990, 1993 and 1994 events had no major sponsor and were underwritten by circuit promoter and former Formula 5000 star Jon Davison. | [] | [
"Sandown 500"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | V8 Supercars | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | With the creation of V8 Supercars in 1997, the Sandown 500 event remained as part of their calendar for that year and 1998. Sandown became a sprint round of the V8 Supercars Championship Series for 1999 and 2000, then as three 150 km races with pit stops in 2001 and a 150 km race on the Saturday and 300 km race on the Sunday in 2002. The event was won by Todd Kelly in 2001 and by Marcos Ambrose in 2002. The 500 km format returned in 2003 with a sponsorship deal with Betta Electrical and have been a large part of the series since. The 2003 event was won by Mark Skaife and Todd Kelly for the Holden Racing Team. In 2004 it was won by Marcos Ambrose and Greg Ritter in a Pirtek-backed Stone Brothers Racing Falcon. In 2005, it was won by Craig Lowndes and Frenchman Yvan Muller in a Betta Electrical backed Falcon. In 2006, Ford Performance Racing got its maiden endurance victory with Mark Winterbottom and Jason Bright. In 2007, the major sponsor of the Sandown 500 is Just-Car Insurance and the event is called the Just Car Insurance 500, and was won by Craig Lowndes, his fourth victory, and Jamie Whincup.
For the 2008 season, the 500 kilometres endurance race was moved to the Phillip Island circuit. Sandown remained on the calendar as a venue, but hosted a regular multiple sprint race format event earlier in the year. The event returned to its single 500 kilometres roots in September 2012 as an enduro precursor to the Bathurst 1000, with the inaugural Dick Smith Sandown 500 won by the Holden Commodore Team Vodafone pairing of Craig Lowndes and Warren Luff. | [] | [
"V8 Supercars"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | World Sportscar Championship | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | On 2 December 1984, Sandown held the last round of the 1984 World Endurance Championship. The race, known as the Sandown 1000, was won by Stefan Bellof and Derek Bell in their Rothmans Porsche 956. This race was the first FIA World Championship road racing motor racing event to be held in Australia. As the race name suggests, the race distance was to be long. However, under WEC rules, with the exception of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, races also had a time limit of 6 hours. The six-hour mark was reached when the Bellof/Bell Porsche had run only 206 laps (803.4 km), thus the race was declared at the time limit some 51 laps short of the 1000 km distance.
The next (and only other) FIA World Sportscar Championship race held in Australia was also held at Sandown on 20 November 1988. This was the 1988 360 km of Sandown Park, the final round of the 1988 World Sports-Protype Championship, which was won by Jean-Louis Schlesser and Jochen Mass driving their Sauber Mercedes C9. This race would prove to be the final top level motor race on the 3.9 km International Circuit, with Schlesser setting the circuit's outright lap record with a time of 1:33.580. | [] | [
"World Sportscar Championship"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | Easternats | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | Easternats was a car festival held at the race track annually. It attracted a large number of entrants for the show'n'shine and various other events. It comprised usually a turn out of 750 entered vehicles. This event has since been discontinued. | [] | [
"Easternats"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | Historic Sandown | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | Historic Sandown is an annual event held at the circuit on the first weekend of November. Promoted by the VHRR (Victorian Historic Racing Register) and run by the MG Car Club of Victoria, it is a highly successful event which in 2009 attracted a record 400+ historic racing cars including touring cars, MG racers and Formula Fords and was also headlined by the Biante Touring Car Masters. 2009 was the 18th running of the event and was attended by the patron of the VHRR, Sir Jack Brabham. | [] | [
"Historic Sandown"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
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"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | Cycling Victoria | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | Several Melbourne cycling clubs hold regular races over the summer season. | [] | [
"Cycling Victoria"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | Athletics Victoria | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | Annually, Athletics Victoria hold a road race (sometimes a team relay) as a part of the AV Cross Country season. | [] | [
"Athletics Victoria"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | Australian Grand Prix | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | Sandown Raceway has held the Australian Grand Prix on six occasions, the last being in 1978, seven years before the event became part of the FIA Formula One World Championship in 1985. Two World Drivers' Champions were winners of the AGP at Sandown, Jack Brabham in 1964 and the late Jim Clark in 1968, with Clark's winning margin being only 0.1 seconds from the Ferrari of New Zealand's Chris Amon being one of the closest finishes in the race's history. John Goss' 1976 victory saw him become the first, and so far only winner of both the Australian Grand Prix and the Bathurst 1000 touring car race.
The winners of the Australian Grands Prix held at Sandown Raceway are:
Special Guest at the 1978 Australian Grand Prix, the 50th anniversary of the event (and the final time it would be held at Sandown), was Argentina's five-time Formula One World Drivers' Champion, the legendary Juan Manuel Fangio. Following the race Fangio, Australia's own three-time World Champion Jack Brabham, Bob Jane and former racer turned Holden dealer Bill Patterson, staged a spirited three-lap demonstration/race. Fangio and Brabham cleared out and swapped the lead many times. Fangio was driving a Mercedes-Benz W196 that he raced in and , while Brabham (not yet Sir Jack) drove the Repco V8 powered Brabham BT19 in which he won the Formula One World Championship to become the first and only person to win the Drivers' championship in a car of his own design and build. Brabham 'won' the demonstration, just ahead of Fangio, with Patterson (driving a Cooper) and Jane (driving a Maserati) some distance behind in 3rd and 4th. | [] | [
"Australian Grand Prix"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | Upgrades | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | Sandown was repaved and received many new safety features in 2013 in accordance with new FIA rules. More tyre barriers were added, and new catch fencing was also added during big events like Historic Sandown and the Wilson Security 500. The main grandstand was also upgraded to feature a new bar and food complex. Along with the grandstand, the pits were also upgraded. Following a spate of major accidents at the end of the back straight between 2010 and 2017, the run-off area was also extended in early 2019. | [] | [
"Upgrades"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-06902085-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown%20Raceway | Sandown Raceway | Lap records | Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being and long respectively. | As of August 2016. Unless otherwise stated records are for the current circuit. | [] | [
"Lap records"
] | [
"Motorsport venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Supercars Championship circuits",
"Motorsport at Sandown",
"Sports venues in Victoria (Australia)",
"Australian Grand Prix",
"1962 establishments in Australia",
"Sport in the City of Greater Dandenong",
"Buildings and structures in the City of Greater Dand... |
projected-56570482-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proterebia%20afra | Proterebia afra | Introduction | Proterebia afra is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic (Dalmatia, South Russia, South Urals, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Asia Minor - Kopet-Dagh) that belongs to the browns family. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Satyrinae",
"Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius"
] | |
projected-56570482-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proterebia%20afra | Proterebia afra | Subspecies | Proterebia afra is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic (Dalmatia, South Russia, South Urals, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Asia Minor - Kopet-Dagh) that belongs to the browns family. | P. a. afra
P. a. dalmata (Godart, [1824])
P. a. zyxuta (Fruhstorfer, 1918) Caucasus Major and Minor
P. a. hyrcana (Staudinger, 1901) Armenian Highland, Talysh
P. a. fidena (Fruhstorfer, 1918) Kopet-Dagh
P. a. bardines (Fruhstorfer, 1918) Altai
P. a. krymaea (Sheljuzhko, 1929) Crimea | [] | [
"Subspecies"
] | [
"Satyrinae",
"Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius"
] |
projected-56570482-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proterebia%20afra | Proterebia afra | Description from Seitz | Proterebia afra is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic (Dalmatia, South Russia, South Urals, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Asia Minor - Kopet-Dagh) that belongs to the browns family. | E. afer Esp. (= afra Bsd., phegea Bkh) (37 h). Hindwing above dark black-brown. The apex and usually also the upper part of the distal margin dusted with grey. The forewing with 6 -7 white-centred black ocelli in reddish yellow rings; a small one is situated near the apex of the wing, then follow 2 large ones which are more proximal, being contiguous and sometimes even merged togettier, and the remaining 3 — 4 stand beforr the distal margin and are but little smaller. Underside of the forewing sombre brown, the cell red-brown, the apex of the wing being more or less dusted with grey. The ocelli as above, but the two standing near the hindmargin are nearly always absent. The hindwing beneath black-brown with whitish grey veins and an obsolete band of the same colour. The ocelli — usually 7 — smaller than above and not bordered with reddish yellow but white-grey. The abdomen black above and grey beneath. From South Russia and Anterior Asia to East Siberia. — The form dalmata God. (37 h), is somewhat larger, the apex and distal margin are somewhat more thinly dusted with white-grey, on the hindwing beneath the veins are dark, not being shaded with white-grey as in afer. From Dalmatia and Western Kurdistan. — hyrcana Stgr. (= afra Christ.) (37 h) has the apex and distal margin densely dusted with white-grey for a considerable width, all the ocelli being visibly larger on both surfaces and bordered with light yellow rings. In Persia. — The butterflies are on the wing in spring, often already in April. They occur on rocky precipices and on slopes covered with boulders, and settle on stones. They do not appear to be plentiful in many of their flight-places. | [] | [
"Description from Seitz"
] | [
"Satyrinae",
"Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius"
] |
projected-56570482-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proterebia%20afra | Proterebia afra | See also | Proterebia afra is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic (Dalmatia, South Russia, South Urals, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Asia Minor - Kopet-Dagh) that belongs to the browns family. | List of butterflies of Europe | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Satyrinae",
"Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius"
] |
projected-56570482-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proterebia%20afra | Proterebia afra | References | Proterebia afra is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic (Dalmatia, South Russia, South Urals, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Asia Minor - Kopet-Dagh) that belongs to the browns family. | Category:Satyrinae
Category:Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Satyrinae",
"Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius"
] |
projected-06902091-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living%20the%20Dream%20%28Jennylyn%20Mercado%20album%29 | Living the Dream (Jennylyn Mercado album) | Introduction | Living the Dream is the first solo album by the StarStruck winner Jennylyn Mercado, released in 2004. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2004 albums",
"Jennylyn Mercado albums",
"GMA Music albums"
] | |
projected-06902091-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living%20the%20Dream%20%28Jennylyn%20Mercado%20album%29 | Living the Dream (Jennylyn Mercado album) | Personnel | Living the Dream is the first solo album by the StarStruck winner Jennylyn Mercado, released in 2004. | Buddy C. Medina - executive producer
Rene Salta - in charge of marketing
Kedy Sanchez - A&R supervising producer
GMA Artist Center - artist management
Jimmy Antiporda
Aji Manalo
Arnold Jallores
Boggie Manipon
Dominique Benedicto
Alexi Corbilla
Ramil Bahandi
Marlon Silva
Dong Tan - cover concept, cover design & execution
Claude Rodrigo - cover design & execution
Jake Versoza - photography
Mariel Chua - hair & make-up
Ana Kalw - wardrobe | [] | [
"Personnel"
] | [
"2004 albums",
"Jennylyn Mercado albums",
"GMA Music albums"
] |
projected-06902091-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living%20the%20Dream%20%28Jennylyn%20Mercado%20album%29 | Living the Dream (Jennylyn Mercado album) | See also | Living the Dream is the first solo album by the StarStruck winner Jennylyn Mercado, released in 2004. | GMA Records
GMA Network
Category:2004 albums
Category:Jennylyn Mercado albums
Category:GMA Music albums | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"2004 albums",
"Jennylyn Mercado albums",
"GMA Music albums"
] |
projected-56570483-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1951%20Omloop%20Het%20Volk | 1951 Omloop Het Volk | Introduction | The 1951 Omloop Het Volk was the seventh edition of the Omloop Het Volk cycle race and was held on 11 March 1951. The race started and finished in Ghent. The race was won by Jean Bogaerts. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Omloop Het Nieuwsblad – Men's race",
"1951 in Belgian sport",
"1951 in road cycling"
] | |
projected-56570483-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1951%20Omloop%20Het%20Volk | 1951 Omloop Het Volk | References | The 1951 Omloop Het Volk was the seventh edition of the Omloop Het Volk cycle race and was held on 11 March 1951. The race started and finished in Ghent. The race was won by Jean Bogaerts. | 1951
Omloop Het Nieuwsblad
Omloop Het Nieuwsblad | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Omloop Het Nieuwsblad – Men's race",
"1951 in Belgian sport",
"1951 in road cycling"
] |
projected-71477681-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20Carolina%27s%2050th%20House%20district | North Carolina's 50th House district | Introduction | North Carolina's 50th House district is one of 120 districts in the North Carolina House of Representatives. It has been represented by Democrat Graig Meyer since 2013. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"North Carolina House districts",
"Caswell County, North Carolina",
"Orange County, North Carolina"
] | |
projected-71477681-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20Carolina%27s%2050th%20House%20district | North Carolina's 50th House district | Geography | North Carolina's 50th House district is one of 120 districts in the North Carolina House of Representatives. It has been represented by Democrat Graig Meyer since 2013. | Since 2019, the district has included all of Caswell County, as well as part of Orange County. The district overlaps with the 23rd and 30th Senate districts. Starting in 2023, the district will continue to include all of Caswell County, as well as part of Orange County. | [] | [
"Geography"
] | [
"North Carolina House districts",
"Caswell County, North Carolina",
"Orange County, North Carolina"
] |
projected-71477681-016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20Carolina%27s%2050th%20House%20district | North Carolina's 50th House district | References | North Carolina's 50th House district is one of 120 districts in the North Carolina House of Representatives. It has been represented by Democrat Graig Meyer since 2013. | Category:North Carolina House districts
Category:Caswell County, North Carolina
Category:Orange County, North Carolina | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"North Carolina House districts",
"Caswell County, North Carolina",
"Orange County, North Carolina"
] |
projected-44501169-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vida%20and%20Jayne%20Lahey%27s%20House | Vida and Jayne Lahey's House | Introduction | Vida and Jayne Lahey's House is a heritage-listed detached house at 99 Sir Fred Schonell Drive, St Lucia, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Romeo Lahey and built from 1920 to 1946. It is also known as Wonga Wallen. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Queensland Heritage Register",
"St Lucia, Queensland",
"Houses in Queensland",
"Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register",
"Houses completed in 1920",
"Houses completed in 1946"
] | |
projected-44501169-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vida%20and%20Jayne%20Lahey%27s%20House | Vida and Jayne Lahey's House | History | Vida and Jayne Lahey's House is a heritage-listed detached house at 99 Sir Fred Schonell Drive, St Lucia, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Romeo Lahey and built from 1920 to 1946. It is also known as Wonga Wallen. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992. | Vida Lahey's house was originally built for Romeo Lahey above Canungra, on a spur of the Darlington Range and was completed in 1920. Later the house was moved from the outskirts to the Canungra township on the hill above the present Catholic Church and occupied by David and his wife, Jane Jemima Lahey née Walmsley, and then moved again by Vida and Jayne Lahey in 1946 to its present block in Sir Fred Schonell Drive, St Lucia.
Francis and Alicia Lahey, Vida and Romeo's grandparents, arrived in Australia with eleven children in 1862 from Ireland. They settled on land by Rocky Waterholes Creek, Salisbury, where they commenced farming but found the land unsuitable. In 1870 Francis, with his older sons and some employees, moved to Pimpama, where the rest of the family moved in 1872 after the sale of the first property. In the early 1880s, the sons of Francis Lahey began investigating the establishment of a timber mill on the Canungra Creek. In 1884, David, the youngest son of Francis and Alicia, father of Vida born in 1882 and later Romeo born in 1887, established a saw and planing mill (Lahey's Canungra Sawmill) in the sparsely populated Canungra area. The mill flourished for many years and provided employment for the local area which grew rapidly as a result. The Lahey family were responsible for the construction of many significant roads and railways in the Canungra area, sometimes contributing substantial proportions of the construction cost.
Following the extension of the railway from Logan Village to Canungra in 1914, the Laheys' mill at Canungra grew into what was thought to be the largest and best-equipped softwood mill in the southern hemisphere. The Lahey family business continued until 1920 when the mill was bought by the War Service Home Commission who acquired timber mills all over the country to meet the vast housing needs of returned soldiers. The mill was operated only for a few years by the WSHC after which time another firm purchased it. David Lahey remained the manager for many years after the mill was sold.
David Lahey and his wife, Jane, had twelve children, Vida being the first born and Romeo the fourth child. Jane and her children moved to Yeronga, Brisbane in 1899 when David sold the Pimpama property. This move allowed opportunities for further education for both the sons and daughters of the family, whilst David remained in Canungra travelling to Brisbane each weekend. The family is listed at addresses including Yeronglea, between Yeronga and Feez Streets and the Brisbane River at Yeronga, Sidney House, in River Road, Toowong and Greylands, Harts Road at Indooroopilly and then the house David Lahey built alongside Laheys' mill at Corinda, also called Wonga Wallen.
Vida Lahey's house was constructed during a period when the Laheys' owned the mill and frequently built houses for employees in Canungra. The house which was originally positioned on the Darlington Spur was designed by Romeo Lahey, who had completed a town planning course at the University of London in 1919, following his service in the Great War. The house, which was to be known as the Wonga Wallen, was constructed using the family timber in 1920.
His extensive experience with timber milling and natural resources interested Romeo Lahey in the conservation of forests and the need for national parks; following his father's example he initiated reafforestation in the Canungra district and successfully lobbied for suitable areas to be declared national parks. In 1930 Romeo became the founding president of the National Parks Association of Queensland and was instrumental in the declaration of the Lamington National Park. He bought and named Lone Pine on the Brisbane River, planning to live there after returning from the First World War. Subsequently, the property was sold to Mr Claude Alexander Miller Reid who developed it as a nature reserve. In 1946 Romeo was one of the founders for the Save the Tree campaign.
Romeo and his wife Alice Sybil Lahey (née Delpratt) remained living at Wonga Wallen for a short time after their marriage in 1920, after which David and Jemima Lahey moved the house into Canungra near the Catholic church for their own use. When David Lahey died in 1942, two years after the death of his wife, he left the house to his two unmarried daughters, Vida and Jayne. The sisters having bought a block of land in what is now Sir Fred Schonell Drive moved the house from Canungra to this site in 1946. Prior to its removal, another sister, Gladys, lived at the house after having nursed her father.
The house was built in the Canungra township with a paved loggia extending along the front of the house, and a separate wing containing the laundry and bathroom facilities which extended along the rear of the house. On its removal to Brisbane, these two elements remained in Canungra and were standing in February 1995, on either side of a more recent house. When moved Wonga Wallen was turned on its side, making the original double front door a side entrance off a new balcony.
Vida Lahey, born in 1882, was a prominent Queensland artist who exhibited widely from 1902 until 1965, three years before her death. She was one of the first female artists in Queensland, and indeed, Australia, who regarded themselves as professionals and who sought to earn a living from practising their art. Vida pioneered art classes for both children and adults in Queensland; and she and Daphne Mayo were responsible for the foundation of the Queensland Art Fund in 1929, which helped to establish an art library and acquire works of art for the state. Vida was awarded the Society of Artists (NSW) Medal in 1945, in appreciation of good services for the advancement of Australian art, the Coronation Medal in 1953 and in 1958 honoured with an MBE for services to art. Vida is known to have painted at least two paintings of the house, Wonga Wallen, Canungra in the late 1930s and Wonga Wallen Loggia at Canungra in the 1940s both in the collection of Ms Shirley Lahey. Another painting, Bedroom at St Lucia with Dobell portrait, c.1961, was painted by Vida in her St Lucia bedroom.
Vida remained at the house until her death in 1968 when the property was transferred to the sole ownership of her sister Jayne who remained there until a few years before her death in 1982 during which time another sister, Mavis Denholm née Lahey lived in the house. The house was bought from the estate by Ms Iris Conroy in 1984 who subdivided the block and moved the house to one side causing it to be renumbered from 97 to 99 Sir Fred Schonell Drive. This most recent relocation saw the removal of a porch on the eastern side of the building and the house being raised. The ground floor has been filled in to form a garage. | [
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"StateLibQld 1 109636 Artist Vida Lahey, ca. 1924.jpg"
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"Queensland Heritage Register",
"St Lucia, Queensland",
"Houses in Queensland",
"Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register",
"Houses completed in 1920",
"Houses completed in 1946"
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projected-44501169-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vida%20and%20Jayne%20Lahey%27s%20House | Vida and Jayne Lahey's House | Description | Vida and Jayne Lahey's House is a heritage-listed detached house at 99 Sir Fred Schonell Drive, St Lucia, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Romeo Lahey and built from 1920 to 1946. It is also known as Wonga Wallen. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992. | Vida Lahey's house is a two-storeyed timber building with a shallow gable roof of corrugated iron. The gable ends are clad with shingles and the external walls are clad with weatherboard. The building has a rectangular plan, with the short northern elevation forming the dominant facade, on which the centrally located entrance is defined by a small portico supported by curved side brackets and adorned with simple classical details.
The outstanding quality of the clear finished timber joinery and fittings on the interior of Vida Lahey's house is particularly noteworthy. The internal walls are lined with vertically-jointed boards of first-grade timber. Timber boards lining the ceiling are raked to meet the underside of the ceiling joists on the east and west walls of the house. An outstanding feature of the interior is the joists of hoop pine running the full width of the house. Each joist was made from one piece of timber completely free from knots over its long expanse, a rarity today.
Joinery, including a dado rail, architraves, windows and doors, is clear-finished timber darker than the lining timber. The bedrooms and bathroom are accessed from a central entrance hall and living room. The kitchen is within the living room, divided by fitted cupboards and shelving of the same high-quality timber joinery combining pine and cedar. Other timber fittings designed for the interior include several concealed storage cupboards, a wardrobe and other smaller cupboards. The floor is white beech and the walls hoop pine. | [] | [
"Description"
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"Queensland Heritage Register",
"St Lucia, Queensland",
"Houses in Queensland",
"Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register",
"Houses completed in 1920",
"Houses completed in 1946"
] |