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Rabies Awareness rabies vaccine Rabies vaccine You could be fined if your pet isn’t up-to-date with their Rabies vaccine. Even indoor cats need to be vaccinated. It is the policy of Wellington-Dufferin-Guelph Public Health that every owner or person having the care and custody of a cat or dog three months of age or over shall ensure that the cat or dog is immunized against rabies according to Ontario Regulation 567/90 – Rabies Immunization. Rabies Overview Rabies is a virus that can be transmitted, through saliva, from an infected mammal to any other mammal, including livestock, pets, wildlife and humans. Rabies is fatal. Once signs of rabies appear, the animal or human will die, typically within a few days. Your pet can get rabies if it: • is bitten by a rabid animal • gets saliva, brain or spinal tissue from an infected animal, dead or alive, in an open cut, sore, wound, eyes, mouth or nose Even a frozen carcass can contain live rabies virus. Rabies cases in 2020 In 2020, there were 49 cases of rabies confirmed in Ontario. Learn more at:https://www.ontario.ca/page/rabies-cases
Kamus Online suggested words Hasil cari dari kata atau frase: fairness (0.00865 detik) Found 3 items, similar to fairness. English → Indonesian (quick) Definition: fairness kepantasan, kepatutan English → English (WordNet) Definition: fairness fairness n 1: conformity with rules or standards; “the judge recognized the fairness of my claim” [syn: equity] [ant: unfairness, unfairness] 2: ability to make judgments free from discrimination or dishonesty [syn: fair-mindedness, candor, candour] [ant: unfairness] 3: the property of having a naturally light complexion [syn: paleness, blondness] 4: the quality of being good looking and attractive [syn: comeliness, loveliness, beauteousness] English → English (gcide) Definition: Fairness Fairness \Fair"ness\, n. The state of being fair, or free form spots or stains, as of the skin; honesty, as of dealing; candor, as of an argument, etc. [1913 Webster] Touch version \| Disclaimer
Catalogue 2021 - 2022 CPE 310 Microprocessors I 3 cr. CPE 271, EE 285 or equivalent Course Description This is an introductory course in computer architecture utilizing low level computer programming as a vehicle for student understanding. Students learn about the fundamental restrictions the underlying architecture places on the software they write. Students also develop skills in writing programs using operations that electronic circuits on a processor can perform. Atmel’s AVR series of microcontrollers are used as example machines for running and testing programs. Students learn assembly language instructions, different addressing modes, and their use in different situations. They use basic programming constructs such as branching and loop control, data structures, and program debugging and testing. The methods of assessing student learning in this course are programming and other assignments and exams. Formerly "Machine and Assembly Language"
A Controversial History of Cricket in Afghanistan On March 27th, Afghanistan secured a historic victory over West Indies, defeating them by 6 runs. In qualifying and mixing with giants such as England and South Africa, Afghanistan has achieved something scarcely believable for a nation with a backdrop of a bloody civil war, and where cricket ceased to exist as little as two decades ago. The story of Afghan cricket began in the 19th century during the Anglo-Afghan war, where British soldiers played cricket in Kabul during the 1830s. These beginnings were, however, short-lived, and in the wake of colonialism, cricket was rejected by native Afghans resulting in cricket’s absence in Afghanistan until the 1990s. The new dawn in Afghan cricket arose during a fractious period in the country’s history when following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan many natives sought refuge in Pakistan. When Pakistan was triumphant in the 1992 World Cup cricket, an already popular game became a Pakistani obsession, and quickly spread through Afghan refugee camps eventually reaching Taj Malik, now affectionately known as Afghan cricket’s founding father. Malik became hooked by cricket and dreamt up an ambitious plan of an Afghan national cricket team. In the following years, he moved through refugee camps in Pakistan recruiting talent amongst Afghans representing Pakistani teams. However, the recruitment was not well received by all, with many parents taking an uncompromising stance on cricket. “When I started thinking about making a national team,” Malik stated, “I went to every Afghan player that I knew and encouraged them to come to Kabul. But their fathers came to our home and warned me not to do that. They told me that cricket kills the time of their sons.” This created a problem for Malik: how could he persuade young men, barely earning enough to feed their families, to uproot their lives and move to Kabul to pursue an ambitious career in cricket. Eventually, Malik found enough volunteers and in 1995 under the support of the Afghan Olympic Committee the Afghan Cricket Federation was founded, in spite of a strict Taliban government. This Taliban Government initially blocked cricket’s development in Afghanistan, owing to their strict Sharia law, which prohibited all public sporting activities. Cricket was eventually accepted because of its non-contact nature and modest cricket whites, which accommodated both religious and cultural requirements, unlike football, whose skimpy kit was seen as the marking of heathens by the Taliban. history of cricket in Afghanistan Photo by Open Democracy via Flickr Cricket was also allowed because Taliban members themselves had inhabited Pakistani refugee camps, and, like Malik, inherited a love for the game. Ultimately, the Taliban saw a sport that fit with their hardline Islamic state, and a means to promote and legitimise their regime locally and globally. The Taliban took the example from Pakistan, one of only three nations to recognise them as the official Afghan government, a proud Muslim nation with cricket as its national obsession. Twenty years on from these modest roots Afghan cricket has undergone a meteoric rise. After the team’s official acceptance as an ICC affiliate member, a result of Taliban pressure on the Afghanistan Cricket Federation to write to the Pakistan Cricket Board for support in their application, they began playing in the second tier of the Pakistani domestic league. Despite initially mixed results, Afghanistan began regular overseas tours, which provided an experience of cricket in different conditions and cultures. Such tours provided a platform to develop, and Afghanistan progressively moved through the ICC’s World Cricket League, eventually qualifying for the 2010 T20 World Cup in the Caribbean. Here their progress was tested by two cricketing powerhouses in South Africa and India. Despite successive defeats the tournament marked Afghanistan’s arrival on the world stage, and they were praised widely for their enthusiasm and exciting brand of cricket. More recent success came in qualifying and participation in 2015 50 over World Cup 2015, where despite failing to qualify for the Quarter-Finals they recorded their first victory in a major tournament against Scotland and ran Sri Lanka exceptionally close. This success was followed by becoming the first associate nation to defeat a Test playing nation in bilateral ODI and T20 series with wins in Zimbabwe and at ‘home’ in the UAE, proving they were ready to mix with the larger cricket nations. This brings us to the qualifying stage for the T20 World Cup this March. Here Afghanistan continued their astonishing upward trend by defeating Zimbabwe, Hong Kong and Scotland to qualify for the main stage of the T20 World Cup. Loses to Sri Lanka, South Africa and England means Afghanistan will not qualify for the Semi-Finals, but their spirit and verve for the game have made sure that in an era of super-professionalism in sport, there is room and appreciation for their more cavalier approach. In Afghanistan, the team’s unheralded sporting success has impassioned and united a country torn apart by tribal warfare. This has resulted in increased professionalism, popularity and sponsorship in Afghan cricket. Amazingly, Afghanistan now has around 500 cricket clubs and successful domestic T20 and four-day competitions, which attracts millions of television audiences worldwide. The increased professionalism can be seen with the appointments of former Pakistani Test captain Inzamam Ul Haq as head coach and former Indian all-rounder Manoj Prabhakar as a bowling coach. These appointments show clear intentions to iron out the occasional village cricket-like periods in Afghan cricket, a necessity required to become a serious threat to world cricket’s elite. The challenge of these motions towards professionalism will be maintaining the unpredictable and unorthodox nature of Afghan cricket which has made them so revered globally. history of cricket in Afghanistan Photo by US Embassy Kabul, Afghanistan Despite the overwhelming positives, the transition to an elite team, potentially even a Test nation appears to be blocked by both the ICC and the Test playing nations. Outside major global tournaments, Afghanistan has not been able to showcase their talents against cricket’s top eight nations in over two years. This is a shameful indictment of the money grabbing nature of cricket’s biggest nations, who prefer to generate greater revenue through playing against themselves, rather than helping promote cricket globally through providing a platform for smaller nations such as Afghanistan. Soon even opportunities at global tournaments will be lost, with the ICC restricting its World Cups to ten teams. Combined, these two issues mean stories like Afghanistan in cricket will be lost, and smaller nations will effectively have a glass ceiling on their growth. This represents a huge tragedy as Afghanistan is a shining example of cricket’s diplomatic utility. Cricket in Afghanistan has united a war-torn nation and given hope to a generation of youngsters who have known nothing but war. With the help of the ICC and the promise of higher quality games against Test opposition Afghanistan will only keep improving and bringing happiness to a nation which has so long been bereft of it. Afghanistan players celebrate their victory against West Indies during the ICC T20 World cup match played in Nagpur on Sunday. Cover Photo by Jeremy Weate Follow Bizarre Culture on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter
What is Catnip (Nepeta Cataria) for Cats? Last Updated on October 3, 2021 by Julia Wilson At a glance • Catnip (Nepeta Cataria) is a perennial herb from the mint family which contains nepetalactone, a volatile iridoid that induces a high in some cats. • Cats respond in several ways including drooling, head and body rolling which lasts between 5-10 minutes. • Genus: Nepeta • Family: Lamiaceae • Botanical name: Nepeta catara Catnip is a perennial plant from the mint family Labiatae. The green/grey heart-shaped leaves have scalloped edges, the square stems are covered with fine hairs and flowers grow in spikes, reaching 1/2 inch in length. • Nepeta racemosa (Persian catmint or Walkers low): A low-growing plant with mauve-blue flowers which grow on a long stem. Grows up to 12 inches. • Nepeta x faassenii (Purrsian blue or catmint): Garden hybrid with periwinkle blue flowers and grey leaves. Grows up to 18 inches tall. Native to Europe and Asia, catnip became naturalised in North America, Canada, Northern Europe and New Zealand after being introduced by the settlers. The name Nepeta is believed to have come from the ancient town of Nepete (now known as Nepi) in Italy, and Cataria is thought to have come from the Latin word for cat. Nepeta species contain volatile oils, sterols, acids and tannins. The active ingredient that causes a high in cats is the volatile essential oil, nepetalactone, which is present in the leaves and stems of the plant. Nepetalactone protects the catnip plant from phytophagous insects which feed on green plants. Other compounds are acetic acid, alpha, and beta-nepetalactone, citral, nepetalactone, geraniol, dipentene, citronellol, nerol, butyric acid, valeric acid, and tannins. What does catnip do to cats? Many cat owners have experienced the effects of catnip first-hand. Cats affected by catnip roll on the floor—which mimics a female in estrusNepetalactone targets protein receptors in the cat’s olfactory epithelium located on the roof of the nasal cavity which activates the same neural pathways as sexual pheromones. Neil B. Todd found 31% of cats are immune to the effects of catnip. Kittens younger than eight weeks old aren’t able to enjoy its effect; in fact, they show an aversion to it. Big cats including lions, tigers, bobcats, jaguars, servals and snow leopards also react to catnip, but it does not affect other species of animal. Lions, tigers, leopards, servals, lynxes, leopards and cougars also enjoy the effects of catnip. Cats can smell 1 part per billion in the air. Mechanism of action The olfactory system mediates the catnip response Interesting fact Orange cat getting crazy on catnip. Effects on felines Four responses have been described when a cat encounters catnip. 1. Sniffing 2. Chewing, licking and head shaking 3. Chin and cheek rubbing 4. Head rolling and body rubbing Adverse effects The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) lists catnip as toxic to cats. Large ingestions can cause mild vomiting and diarrhea. Catnip is easy to grow and makes a perfect addition to herb gardens. You can also grow from seed in early spring after the risk of the last frost has passed. The germination rate can be quite low, it is better to purchase an established plant from the herb section. Catnip likes light, sandy soil and grows best in full sun but can tolerate part shade. Keep it well watered until it has become established. If growing in the garden, ensure the plants have good air circulation and grow away from tall plants which can create too much shade. Pinch out the top growth tips in late spring to promote bushiness. If you are planting it in a garden your cat has access to, make sure there is plenty of adjacent space around the plant so that other plants won’t be damaged if your cat rolls in it. Catnip can also be grown in pots, it is important the pot has adequate drainage holes as the plant doesn’t like to sit in water. Store in an airtight container in the fridge or freezer. As an insect repellent Researchers have found that nepetalactone is about ten times more effective at repelling mosquitoes than DEET, the active ingredient in most insect repellents and also repels cockroaches. This is where the story becomes interesting. A study out of Japan’s Iwate University and published in ScienceAdvances found that nepetalactone and nepetalactol (present in silver vine) activate the brain’s opioid reward system. Endorphin levels were measured before and after exposure, which found elevated endorphin levels after exposure to nepetalactol. When the cats were given naloxone, a drug that inhibits the cat’s opioid receptors, they were no longer attracted to nepetalactol. There is a biological advantage to this. When the cat rubs against catnip or silver vine, nepetalactone or nepetalactol transfers onto the fur which acts as a chemical defence against mosquitoes. Biological control Agricultural Research Service (ARS) extracted the key compound—iridodial—from catnip oil. Iridodial has the same chemical structure as the male lacewings pheromone and has been found to attract several lacewing species which control aphids and mites. Effect on humans Catnip has a mild calming effect on humans which can reduce anxiety, improve relaxation, nervousness and anxiety. Nepetalactone has similar properties to valerian, which is a popular herbal sedative. Medicinal uses Catnip is useful for settling an upset stomach and is consumed as herbal tea. It has been used to treat headaches, scarlet fever, coughing, insomnia, and smallpox. It can also be used for cuts; studies show it has a natural healing quality. Crush fresh catnip leaves, damp them and apply to your wound. How to give catnip to a cat • Most pet shops sell cat toys with catnip added. Can other plants get cats high? • Valerian root • Silvervine • Tartarian honeysuckle Frequently asked questions Do cats get a catnip hangover? Is catnip harmful to cats? Can pregnant cats have catnip? How much catnip should I give my cat? Where can I purchase catnip? Most pet shops sell dried catnip and catnip toys. Or you can grow it fresh and dry it at home. Can humans get high on catnip?
Mendez vs westminster a push book 3 School desegregation and mexicanamerican rights landmark law cases. Please indicate it is a donation for the mendez monument in the memo section of the check. Board of education is a widely known landmark supreme court case, few can trace its origins to the case of nineyearold sylvia mendez in mendez v. By students of felicitas and gonzalo mendez high school foreword by sylvia mendez. Park news constitutional writes national park service. The mendez case was important in the history of the united. Donation checks may be made out to the city of westminster, and sent to 8200 westminster blvd, westminster, ca 92683. Mendez v westminster california civil rights story. Sep 18, 2019 mexican american families in california secured an early legal victory in the push against school segregation. Historic in its own right, mendez was critical to the strategic choices and legal analysis used in arguing brown and in shaping the ideas of a young naacp attorney, thurgood marshall. In 1943, at age 30, he became a naturalized citizen of the united states and was a relatively welloff vegetable farmer. Case history the year was 1945, and the united states was a much different place back then. Board of education because it was resolved prior to reaching the u. Mendez, his mother, and her other four children moved to westminster, california, in 1919. Supreme court, mendez preceded brown by seven years and in some respects paved the way for its more famous successor. It is unfortunate that the case is not remembered better. Sylvia mendez born june 7, 1936 is an american civil rights activist of mexicanpuerto rican heritage. His book discusses the advantages and disadvantages of democracy and consequences of the majoritys unlimited power. To help students sharpen analytical skills by understanding, discussing and questioning the rationale behind the mendez verdict. Westminster school district et al 1946 was a class action suit filed by felicitas and gonzalo mendez against four southern california school districts. Westminster et al and the california board of education. Silvia mendez and her brothers went with their aunt soledad vidaurri and her two children to enroll at 17th street school in westminster. I first have to point out that the case is not mendez vs westminster. Westminster school district, discusses the 1947 court case, which led to the desegregation of californias public schools. Adminstrator explained to soledad that her two children could register at the white elementary school since they were half white, light skinned and french last names. Gonzalo asked his sister, sally vidaurri, to take their children to school. Elementary school students in orange county california, as well as many other parts of the country, were forced to attend segregated schools. We are going to be looking more into the history of the trial mendez vs. Westminster sylvias case, which was decided in the federal courts in california, preceded brown by about eight years. Westminster case was a landmark in the history of education in california. One of lulacs most notable initiatives was the preschool program known as the little school of the 400, which was designed to teach children 400 basic english words. The students of mendez high school in boyle heights write a book. Westminster, becoming the first federal court to order the desegregation of schools. At that time, there were a few newspaper articles and a couple of journal articles, but most of the research had to be done old school, by going to the santa ana public library and digging often on microfilm through newspaper articles and court documents. Based specifically on the assigned readings on mendez v. I started teaching my students about the mendez v westminster case in 2001. Westminster school district case impact the brown case. He married felicitas in 1935 and, three years later, the young couple opened a cafe in santa ana. The school districts appealed the decision in westminster et al. That means it was the first of its kind and it set a precedence for future cases, including brown vs the board of education of topeka et al. Gonzalos children were sent to the mexican school because they were too darkskinned and disapproved for their spanish. In march of 1945, five families in orange county, california, brought a class action lawsuit against four school districts on behalf of their own children and five thousand other children who were forced to attend segregated schools for mexican children. In its ruling, the united states court of appeals for the ninth circuit, in an en banc decision, held that the forced segregation of. On april 1947 there was a decision ruling on the mendez vs. The mendez case was important in the history of the united states because it set the precedence for passing other laws that protected the rights of minorities in schools. This website is dedicated to telling the story, along with providing documentation for students and historians, of the mendez et al v westminster et al court case. The donate button below also facilitates electronic donations. Westminster 1946, which ended the segregation of mexican americans in california schools. Dole was named president of the provisional government of hawaii 18941898 that was formed after the americanled coup. Pompa insisted, it has been 64 years since the mendez ruling, and if it takes us another 64 years to get to where we need to be, we are all in a lot of trouble. Board of education is a widely known landmark supreme court case, few can trace its origins to the case of nineyearold sylvia mendez in. Westminster case, the landmark desegregation case of 1946. Mexican american families in california secured an early legal victory in the push against school segregation. On march 20, 20 in an interview that i coconducted with gonzalo mendez jr. Westminster and the california board of education, the u. It was a 1946 federal court case that challenged racial segregation in orange county, california schools. The opinion of the ninth circuit court of appeals reads as if the judge were planning for plessy v. Westminster case, and sandra robbie, the producer of mendez vs. Two schools are named after felicitas and gonzalo in southern california. In mclaurin vs oklahoma state it was found that by making separate areas for blacks it gives them a badge of inferiority compared to whites. An outstanding feature of gonzalezs 1940 book is that it provides a. Fifteen years later in 1946, a court reached the same result in mendez v. District court for the southern district of california. Compare the impact of these two cases on ending public school segregation in the united states. Though the mendez decision did not push the dialogue on. The mendez family fought school segregation 8 years before. I believe that mendez vs westminster was one of several cases including the sweatt case which contributed to the. Westminster, the case that led to the desegregation of california. Sylvia mendez and her familys fight for desegregation. Thurgood marshall represented sylvia mendez and linda brown. The grassroots struggle for school desegregation in california exhibit santa ana old county courthouse, santa ana, ca september 2011june 2012. About perspectives on immigration the immigration policy centers perspectives are thoughtful narratives written by leading academics and researchers who bring a wide range of multi. Westminster during his undergraduate, graduate, and legal tenures, thomas saenz said he was already familiar with the case before reading strums book. On august 18, 2010, author philippa strum gave a talk about her book, mendez v. To broaden 1112th grade students understanding of history and school desegregation, and encourage students to go beyond the history presented in school textbooks by introducing the littleknown yet important mendez v. Board of education, please respond to the following questions. Westminster was funded in part by a grants from the california civil liberties public education program and the wells fargo foundation. In the news article in the orange county register desegregation case may be required reading december 11, 2007. How sacramento ca should integrate its segregated schools the. Apr 19, 2010 pompa insisted, it has been 64 years since the mendez ruling, and if it takes us another 64 years to get to where we need to be, we are all in a lot of trouble. Join sylvia mendez, one of the plaintiffs of the mendez v. For instance, in the year 1947, the federal state passed the anderson bill. Gonzalo and felicitas mendez and their children moved to the small town of westminster. Sep 23, 2010 on august 18, 2010, author philippa strum gave a talk about her book, mendez v. President barack obama awards civil rights activist sylvia mendez the 2010 medal of freedom during a ceremony in the east room of the white house in. Sallys children were accepted because of their surname and their light complexion. Westminister sic school district of orange county, et al, 64 f. Aug 30, 2015 in 1931, a county court in lemon grove, california ordered a school district to stop segregating its white and latino students. Mar 28, 2007 the case mendez et al vs westminster et al and the california board of education impacted the brown case in three very important ways. The icing on the cake occurred in 2011 when president obama awarded sylvia mendez the 2010 presidential medal of freedom. If our applause isnt loud enough, then well let others convince you. Separate is never equal by duncan tonatiuh childrens books. On september 14, 2007, in santa ana, california, the postal service will issue a 41cent, mendez v. If you are interested in mexican american civil rights or in african american civil rights, you should read this book. Mar 19, 2010 i started teaching my students about the mendez v westminster case in 2001. Westminster is an important case in american civil rights. Westminster plays an underappreciated role in the struggle for civil rights in the united states. Answer comprehension questions while watching the videos of mendez v. Sylvia mendez, whose parents were the plaintiffs in mendez v. Get your team aligned with all the tools you need on one secure, reliable video platform. Mendez made possible the defeat of school segregation laws by revealing. Westminster, as well as how and why it started and similarities between both the mendez case, as well as the brown case. At age eight, she played an instrumental role in the mendez v. Separate is never equal by duncan tonatiuh childrens. Strum brings the people and debates of the case vividly to life, particularly the dedication of the latino parents at the center of the case who fought for equal education for their children in public schools. Express personal opinions about key facts, the arguments, decision, and impact of mendez v. This is because it set the precedence for other similar discrimination cases. Westminster, is brought back to life through the story and illustrations of duncan tonatiuh in his childrens book separate is never equal. Soon after we moved to westminster, our aunt took us kids down to enroll us in the local schools. The school officials said that they would enroll my cousins because they had a frenchsounding last name and pale skin, but we, with a. This source briefly recaps the courts ruling of the mendez v. Teachers college record volume 107, number 3, march 2005, pp. Ferguson separate but equal segregation of railroad accommodations. Westminster, the first case about school segregation to be successfully challenged in federal court. This barcode number lets you verify that youre getting exactly the right version or edition of a book. With the support of an amicus curiae brief from the national association of colored people naacp, mendez et al v. Westminster school district 1947 ruled that segregating mexican and latino children was unconstitutional. In the first booklength discussion of this case, strum analyzes how world war ii altered the legal views. Robbie is the orange county naacp 2003 citizen of distinction recipient and orange county mana honoree for her work in the media. Each of your answers should consist of one paragraph comprised of 57 sentences. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The mexican american struggle for equal educational opportunity. The mendez family tried to enroll their kids at the local 17th street school. They fought not for their rights but for their childrens nonsegregated and equal lives since many of these workers were parents. In 2007, the postal service also honored the couple with a nifty and colorful stamp. The ninth circuit court of appeals reached this historic decision in the case of mendez v. Westminster school district is what launched the brown v. Teaching climate change in this increasingly challenging time. Designed by ethel kessler of bethesda, maryland, the stamp goes on sale nationwide september 14, 2007. In 1943, orange countys westminster school district told gonzalo and felicitas. School desegregation and mexicanamerican rights, at busboys and poets. The campaign blew up, and dias gathered more than 10,000 books and even secured a book deal of her own. Mexicanamericans, sylvia mendez, segregation in education, racial persecution, mendez vs. 625 894 22 431 547 104 1212 1236 1240 356 1463 1653 1500 1610 748 1378 728 754 321 102 299 93 974 1622 1152 754 285 73 1471 915 577 1083 334 1478 924 1106 463 809
Perl is a widespread scripting language that is considered to be one of the most practical languages in the online world. It's feature-rich and it's used to generate multiple web-based applications and CGI scripts. What differentiates Perl from most of the alternative languages on the web is its compatibility with modules - sets of commands for a specific task which can be integrated into a script by calling them i.e. you're able to write just a single line within your script to have an entire module executed, instead of having the whole program code which is already a part of the module anyway. Because Perl is compatible with a lot of other programming languages and it provides a lot of options depending on what a specific app can do, it's used by numerous popular companies - the BBC, Craigslist, The Internet Movie Database (IMDB), cPanel, and many others. Perl Scripting in Cloud Hosting You can use CGI scripts and applications written in Perl with all our Linux cloud hosting as we have a rich library of over 3000 modules installed on our custom cloud website hosting platform to make sure that all dependencies for a tailor-made or a ready-made script will be there whenever you need them. You'll be able to run a .pl file in two separate ways - either manually from your website, or automatically using a cron job that will run a certain file regularly. If the package which you've selected doesn't come with cron jobs included, you can easily include as many as you want through the Upgrades menu within your Hepsia website hosting Control Panel. You also need to make sure that the script file has the proper executable permissions. When you use our shared plans, you will be able to create a site with as many functions and features as you like.
Readers ask: How Is A Volcano Different From A Mountain? What is the difference between a volcano and a mountain? Mountains and Volcanoes are somewhat similar but the major factor that makes them different is their formation. A mountain is formed due to various geological processes like movement and opposition of tectonic plates but a volcano is formed around a vent that allows magma to reach the surface of the earth. Can a mountain become a volcano? There are no plutonic at A Mountain – instead we see evidence of lava cooled above-ground, debris transported by water from nearby volcanoes and ash falls. A Mountain is not a volcano! The rock layers show us that A Mountain is made of volcanic rocks that formed from many different parts of a volcanic system. What is similarities between volcanoes and mountains? Answer: The similarities of a volcano and a mountain is that they are land forms that stretches above the surface of the earth that can na steep like a peak or not as steep. Does Mount Everest have a volcano? Formed from clashing of two tectonic plates – the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates, Mount Everest is not a volcano. Mount Everest – the highest mountain in the world stands 8848 meters (29,030 ft) high. It does not have any characteristics of a volcano like magma chamber below or inside it. You might be interested: What Is A Mountain Holler? What are 4 types of mountains? Can a mountain last forever? What are the advantage and disadvantage when volcanoes erupt? Advantages – Precious minerals; geothermal energy; fertile soil; tourism (jobs); beauty products; souvenirs. Disadvantages – Destruction during eruptions; magma/ash destroys everything; earthquakes; pollution; sea life; quarries. Why is there molten lava in the earth? Why do volcanoes erupt in mountains? How safe is it to live on the Ring of Fire? You might be interested: Often asked: What Dates Was The Battle Of Sharpsburg And South Mountain? Are all mountains formed by volcano? There are two main types of volcanic mountains: volcanoes and dome mountains. Volcanoes are formed when magma erupts all the way to the surface of the Earth. The magma will harden on the Earth’s surface, forming a mountain. Dome mountains are formed when a large amount of magma builds up below the Earth’s surface. What animals live on Mount Everest? Is Mt Everest still growing? Is Burj Khalifa taller than Mount Everest? Leave a Comment
Hello, My name is David Malsam and I am the Senior Sales Account Executive/IT Analyst for our Aberdeen location. Cyber Security is defined as techniques, processes, and practices designed to protect networks, computers, programs and data from attack, damage, or unauthorized access. We have heard of data breaches from companies like Target, Equifax and Ebay. The thing to remember is that the bad guys don’t just target the big companies, smaller companies and many homes are just as susceptible to this threat. I have had the Cyber Security conversation with many people over the years, and whenever the topic comes up I can see dollar signs in the customer’s eyes. People are relieved to find out that they can protect themselves from the bulk of these attacks without it costing a penny, we just need to use a few simple techniques. Social Engineering is the most common type of Cyber Security attack, and it is also the easiest to prevent. Social Engineering is the act of trying to deceive or manipulate an individual into divulging information for fraudulent purposes. This attack can take many shapes. It can appear to be an email from FedEx with tracking information for a package that you didn’t order, or it can be an email with from a travel agency with an itinerary for an extravagant trip that you didn’t plan. Recently I have heard of many people getting a call from an agent that claims to be from Microsoft and they tell the user that their computer is infected and if the user would share their credit card number the agent will help remove the virus from the computer. I have even heard of people going door to door pretending to be from an insurance company and they just need to get some of your personal information to get you a quote on an insurance policy to save you some money. How can you avoid being a victim? Be suspicious of unsolicited phone calls, emails, and visits. If you do receive an unsolicited phone call, email, or visit, take the time to verify that the person that has contacted you is with the organization that they identify themselves with. This might involve doing some independent research to contact the customer service department of the company in question. The old adage of “If it seems too good to be true, it probably is” definitely applies to Social Engineering prevention. David – Senior Sales Account Executive/IT Analyst Privacy Settings Consent to display content from Youtube Consent to display content from Vimeo Google Maps Consent to display content from Google Consent to display content from Spotify Sound Cloud Consent to display content from Sound
Question #691d0 1 Answer Jun 8, 2017 There is a procedure to summarise a large text into several sentences. The first step is to read the entire text. A good summary of a large text will give the reader the benefit of covering the key points of the information presented by the large text in a volume-reduced document. Having read the entire text, the next step is to immediately write down in point form all of the items or incidents in the text that attracted your attention. They can be written in any order for now. This will be your outline. Then using this list find each of your points in the large text, and write down additional information in your own words that is related to each point. Number each of the points so you can sort out their order in the text. This will be your initial draft. Arrange your summary events to match that of the large text, and cut and paste them together in order. Then read your entire text, correct mistakes and ensure it is cohesive, and that it has no repetition. This will be your final draft. It may be necessary to break up your information into more than one paragraph, so watch your structure here. This will be your completed work. Read your summary one more time to check, and then it is ready to publish.
RFID and Barcodes Comparison The use of barcodes has become an indispensable part of the business world. Barcodes were developed and first used in the 1970s, and since then they have been widely used worldwide (Roberti, 2017). As for the RFID technology, it has been in place for 15 years, and only 5% of organizations use them. Nevertheless, those who utilize these technologies are likely to use them effectively in the future (Swedberg, 2017). According to a recent study, companies choose RFID technology, as well as barcodes system, as these tools translate into a more efficient inventory management and overall supply chain management. Both technologies have a tag and a reader. They also have a similar function as they enable companies to track various items. We will write a custom essay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page 308 certified writers online Learn More Nevertheless, these two systems have quite significant differences. One of the major difference is mobility. Barcodes have to be right in front of the reader to be properly read while RFID technology enables people to use the reader as far as several feet from the tag. Moreover, barcodes can be processed one after another. However, RFID readers can process several items simultaneously, which significantly increases their efficiency. Besides, the amount of data available also differs. RFID technologies are more efficient in this respect as the system can process different types of data. Any details that are valuable for the process can be included, for example, item’s name, location, shelf life, temperature, number of changes or repairs, and so on. This feature makes RFID technologies applicable in the sphere of safety and maintenance. The use of RFID can be beneficial when handling hazardous materials or high-value products as people can monitor the conditions as well as a particular location of their items. The latest RFID systems have readers that are compatible with certain smartphones. Furthermore, the types of tags also differ in these two inventory tracking systems. Barcodes can be adjusted as tags or can be print directly on plastic or paper products or package. RFID codes are adjusted through chips, but the most recent devices can be chipless as they can reflect radio waves beamed by certain liquids (Swedberg, 2017). Importantly, RFID chips are reusable as it is possible to re-program them. However, one of the most significant differences between the two systems making it less attractive to companies is their price. The use of barcodes is affordable as compared to RFID technologies. Nevertheless, the functions and capabilities offered by the two methods are also very different. Therefore, more and more organizations choose the RFID technology to make their supply chain management more effective (Swedberg, 2017). This is specifically true for organizations that have to handle large inventories. In conclusion, it is possible to note that companies should choose between the use of barcodes or RFID focusing on the size of their inventory, the nature of processes managed, as well as resources available. Barcodes can be regarded as a common tool that can still be applicable in many settings. The affordability of this technology is one of the major factors contributing to its popularity. However, companies that have large inventories or high-value products should consider using RFID as this technology ensures the necessary control over items’ location and conditions. However, there are chances that RFID systems will gradually replace the barcode technology as people need to process larger amounts of data. Roberti, M. (2017). When RFID becomes obsolete. RFID Journal. Web. Swedberg, C. (2017). More than 60 percent of manufacturers to use RTLS, RFID or bar-code tracking by 2022, says Zebra Technologies. RFID Journal. Web. Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Print Сite this Cite this paper Select style StudyCorgi. (2021, January 17). RFID and Barcodes Comparison. Retrieved from https://studycorgi.com/rfid-and-barcodes-comparison/ Work Cited "RFID and Barcodes Comparison." StudyCorgi, 17 Jan. 2021, studycorgi.com/rfid-and-barcodes-comparison/. 1. StudyCorgi. "RFID and Barcodes Comparison." January 17, 2021. https://studycorgi.com/rfid-and-barcodes-comparison/. StudyCorgi. (2021) 'RFID and Barcodes Comparison'. 17 January.
In addition to breeding insect infestation, excessive moisture can cause the growth and spread of mold. It most commonly grows near sources of leaks from pipes or the outdoors but can grow anywhere in a humid environment. The most common and problematic space for mold to grow are crawlspaces. Mold can have a variety of health effects, including skin and throat irritation, coughing, stuffiness, and even more severe lung illnesses in some cases. It often looks like dark, fuzzy spots and smells musty. Because of the risks involved in inhaling mold, it should be eradicated as soon as it is discovered. To properly control the growth of mold, you cannot simply remove it on its own; you must also remove the source of moisture and humidity. Through Integrated Pest Management (IPM), our experts can determine the source of the problem and make your home safe and mold-free. Mold $400 - $600
NOW Free shipping On All Orders (U.S. only) Your Cart is Empty November 17, 2020 4 min read So, is CBD really legal? We get it. The history of hemp in the US is, to put it mildly, confusing. What started as one of America’s staple crops was in turn actively discouraged, banned, and then re-legalized. But the process of legalization has been piecemeal and convoluted—and has probably created more confusion than clarity. So just in case your interest in Kanibi CBD is being hampered by your fear of infringing on the law, we present to you a brief history of the legality of hemp laws in the US, and an overview of its current legal status today. The short version is that, yes, CBD is legal in the US. But if you’re in the mood for a bit of a history nerd safari, here’s the long(er) story of hemp legality in the US. Hemp’s Ancient History First, a definition.Both hemp and marijuana are part of the cannabis family. Historically, the term “hemp” has been used to describe the more fibrous strains, while “marijuana” became associated with recreational use in the 20th century. Today, we use those terms based on how much THC a plant contains (that’s the cannabinoid that makes you high). But humans have used cannabis for a very long time.In fact, remnants of hemp cords have been traced as far back as 8,000 BCE in Asia. If you keep in mind that the history of human agriculture begins at around 10,000 BCE, it seems very probable that cannabis was among the first agricultural crops. hemp farmer in hemp field There are ancient texts that describe the use of cannabis as a treatment for a variety of ailments—from earache to menstrual cramps. Throughout the millennia, it’s been used for everything from pottery to food, medicine, clothing, shoes, paper, sails (for ships), and rope. And that’s just the beginning. It was, in short, a staple crop for centuries. In the US, the authorities considered hemp to be so essential to survival that early laws required farmers to grow the crop. Even The Declaration of Independence was written on hemp paper. Why Was Hemp Banned? So what happened? How did cannabis go from being a staple crop to such a controversial one? Truthfully, the 20th century was a bit of a mess when it comes to cannabis law. At the mid-point of the century, hemp actually reached peak production in the US, due to the wartime “Hemp for Victory” act. (At this time, “hemp” just referred to the more fibrous strains of cannabis.) But even at that point of top production, cannabis was already coming under suspicion as recreational use started to gain popularity.Since there was little understanding of cannabinoids at this time, the paranoia about “reefer madness” made little distinction between hemp and marijuana. dropper with cbd oil Mixed in with the fear of recreational cannabis use was the desire for a greater market share for plastics and other manmade materials like nylon. (Of course, now that we’re drowning in oceans of plastic, this decision seems unfortunate, to put it mildly.) Without delving too deeply into the history of the war on drugs, what eventually took place was the passing of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970. This officially banned the growth of cannabis (hemp as well as marijuana), putting a temporary end to the legal hemp industry in the US. Hemp Legalization and the Emergence of CBD Of course, that’s not the end of the story. The thin edge of the legalization wedge came in 2004 when the US legalized the import of hemp food products. At this time, businesses were also importing more hemp fiber for clothing and textiles. With businesses legally importing hemp products into the country, it became harder to justify the prohibition on growing the crop. Also, during the early part of this century, scientists were doing more research into the benefits of cannabinoids,and excitement began to grow around the potential of CBD. It was clear from early on that CBD both had enormous potential, and that it came without the main drawback of THC. Namely, it wouldn’t make you high. At this point, momentum around hemp legalization really began to grow. The Farm Bill of 2014 was a landmark piece of legislation that allowed states to begin experimenting with hemp. And it was this Farm Bill that really launched the CBD industry in the US in a big way. But there was still a lack of clarity around whether CBD was truly legal. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) maintained that the language of the 2014 Farm Bill didn’t warrant removing CBD from the list of controlled substances. The 2018 Farm Bill, however, clarified any confusion around CBD’s legal status. With the passing of that legislation, CBD was no longer listed as a Schedule I drug, and it was removed from the purview of the DEA. Is CBD Legal? Federal vs. State Laws So after 2018, hemp (and CBD!) were both officially legal at the federal level in the US. What has been confusing, though, is the attitude of some states towards CBD. Even though CBD is legal federally, some states decided early on to maintain its illegal status at the state level. US map showing legal restrictions on CBD in ID, KS, IA, MS, TN, VA, NC, and SC Thankfully, as pressure has mounted on legislators,a wave of state-level legalization has swept across the country over the last couple of years. Today, even holdouts like South Dakota have initiated hemp programs and allow for the sale of hemp-derived CBD. Because hemp legislation is in flux though, it’s never a bad idea to check out your state’s local laws. How is CBD Regulated Today? So CBD is unquestionably legal in the United States. Legal, but unregulated. The FDA, at this point, has not come forth with regulatory guidelines for the CBD industry. This means that it’s up to us, as responsible CBD business owners, to uphold a high bar of quality and transparency. At Kanibi, we take that responsibility seriously. It’s why we make choices like sourcing domestic, organically grown hemp. It’s also why we provide third-party test results for our customers.In fact, we double test all of our products so that nothing slips through the cracks. None of this is required by law. We do it so that our customers know they’re getting the best CBD on the market.
Thứ năm - 09/05/2019 07:38 by Aditi Kumar by Aditi Kumar* This paper is neither a survey nor a comparison between the traditional monastic practices of Buddhism. Rather, this paper is more of an attempt to understand the growth of one particular school of thought of Buddhism in India- Nichiren Buddhism (practiced under the organisation titled Bharat Soka Gakkai – BSG).1 While this paper draws on the tenets of Engaged Buddhismto locate Nichiren Daishonins philosophy within its ambit, it is not a comparative scholarship of various forms of Engaged Buddhism’. In particular, understanding the dynamics of the philosophys growth and membership in urban centres (of India) such as Delhi, especially during past two to three decades is the central focus of the paper. As a young research scholar what caught my attention was this philosophys popularity and relatability among educated urban youth, especially women. This paper is also an initial attempt to understand the exponential growth of BSG members from a few hundred in 1980s to 2,000,000 in 2017. Though the practice can be traced back to 13th century Japan, it is only during post world war-II that it gained popularity among the Japanese people. The eastward transmission to *. Senior Research Fellow, School of Arts & Aesthetics, JNU, New Delhi, India. 1. Bharat Soka Gakkai (BSG) is the Indian affiliate to the global organization of Soka Gakkai International (SGI) that promotes values of peace, education and respect for all people. It has a network of 12 million people that are spread across 192 countries around the world. The humanistic philosophy of SGI is based on the teachings of 13th century Buddhist monk, Nichiren Daishonin. The other two schools that follow Nichirens teachings and came into existence during post world war II in Japan are Rissho Koseikai and Myohoji. the Indian sub- continent happened during 1980s. Since, the primary mode of propagation is English language, it has gained more popularity in urban cities, catering pre-dominantly to the middle class population of India. The dawn of 21th century witnessed the emergence of new forms of Buddhism. This movement gained momentum in both western and eastern parts of the world. The socially engagedBuddhists work towards applying the key concepts of Buddhism such as Karma(law of cause & effect), interdependence, four noble truths, compassion, non-violence among others to the worlds social, political, economic and environmental problems. The term Engaged Buddhism is attributed to Vietnamese Buddhist teacher Thich Nhat Hanh (b.1926-). During 1960s for the first time he spoke about socially engaged Buddhism at various international platforms. He was also instrumental in bringing the plight of victims of the Vietnamese war to worlds attention. There are various other popular Asian Engaged Buddhists such as Dalai Lama, Bhikkhu Buddhadasa, P. A. Payuto, Sulak Sivaraksa and B.R Ambedkar (founder of Navayana school or Neo-Buddhism in India) to name a few. Engaged Buddhism also gained popularity in the west such as Zen Peacemakers led by Roshi Bernard Glassman, Buddhist Global Relief, Sokai Gakkai International. Prof. Christopher S. Queen in his work Engaged Buddhism in the West argues that Engaged Buddhism is endowed not only with various key concepts and techniques of the traditional Buddhist schools such as compassion, justice, mindfulness, interdependence, chanting, walking mediation but also addresses issues that have not been central to Buddhist analysis in the past such as social injustice, political oppression (resulting to human suffering), institutional evil and collective empathy towards social injustice. Of course there also have been few exceptions in the past such as the Mauryan ruler Asoka, however, the concept of Engaged Buddhism is a new territory to be chartered by conventional Buddhist practices. He says that, It is a sustained reflection on social action as a form of spirituality expressed in acts of compassion, grassroots empowerment, non- judgementalism and non-violence. It offers an inspiring example of how one might work for solution to the troubles that threaten the peace and well-being of our planet and its people.2 Through his work Queen also tries to elucidate the inter connectedness between social actions that are driven by spiritual underpinnings and deep philosophical understanding. This trail of thinking resonates with the tenets of Nichiren Buddhism that believes in the interconnectedness of an individual with his/her environment. While philosophers above have theorized what Engaged Buddhism is, I would like to contend that the concept of Engaged Buddhism finds its true bearing only when Humanistic Buddhism underpins it. While a lot of Buddhist philosophies propound humanistic Buddhism, the Nichiren Buddhism institutionalized through Soka Gakkai International provides an active platform that propels Humanistic Buddhism towards Engaged Buddhism. The humanistic Buddhism according to Temple Nan Tien means integrating Buddhist practices into everyday life based on the attaining Buddhahood in the human form, just as Shakyamuni Buddha achieved during his lifetime. Humanistic Buddhism is based on six core concepts: humanism, altruism, spiritual practices as part of daily life, joyfulness, timeliness, and the universality of saving all beings. The aim of humanistic Buddhism is to reconnect the Buddhist practices and concepts to the everyday life.3 In a similar parlance, the tenets of Soka Gakkai are built upon a strong foundation of humanistic Buddhism. The philosophy and structure through which Nichiren Daishonins Buddhism operates, foregrounds the tenets of Humanistic Buddhism. According to the head of Soka Gakkai (new religious movement in Japan), Dr Daisaku Ikeda the essence of Buddhist humanism lies in the insistence that human beings exercise their spiritual capacities to the limit, or more accurately, without limit, coupled with an unshakable belief in their 1. Christopher B. Queen, “Socially Engaged Buddhism in the West”. 2. http://www.nantien.org.au/ ability to do this. In this way, faith in humanity is absolutely central to Buddhism.4 Humanistic Buddhism also emphasis on inter faith dialog and study of common tenets of non-violence. Soka Gakkai (Society for creation of Value)5 is an organisation that draws inspiration from Nichiren Buddhism. This sect of Buddhism is named after the teachings of a 13th century Japanese Saint Nichiren Daishonin6, whose philosophy of social transformation through a single individual found resonance in post World War II Japan. In 1930, educator and reformist, Tsunesaburo Makiguchi along with his protégé Josei Toda founded a small group of educators and named it Soka Kyoiku Gakkai (Society for value creating education), that gradually developed into an organisation with diverse range of members. He propagated humanistic and student centred education, while applying the Buddhist concepts to the war affected Japanese society. This movement began with empowering the people of Japan and enabling them to reform the Japanese society. During this time, the Japanese government implemented 1. Daisaku Ikeda, Towards a World of Dignity for All: The Triumph of the Creative Life, SGI President Ikedas 2011 Peace Proposal. 2. The SGI was registered as a non-governmental organization (NGO) associated with the UN Department of Public Information in 1981and was granted consultative status with the Economic and Social Council in 1983. It was also listed as an NGO in cooperation with UNHCR in 1997. SGI maintains offices in New York and Geneva. The SGI was an early proponent of the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-14) and played an active role in the UN process for the realization of the World Programme for Human Rights Education that was launched in 2005 as a follow-up to the UN Decade for Human Rights Education (1995-2004). It launched the Peoples Decade for Nuclear Abolition initiative in 2007 to rouse public opinion and help create a global grassroots network of people on the issue. The SGI actively participates in networks including the Conference of NGOs in Consultative Relationship with the UN (CoNGO) and NGO committees on specific themes such as peace and disarmament, human rights education and gender equality in New York, Geneva and Vienna. SGI President Daisaku Ikeda has been issuing his peace proposal annually since 1983 to bring the voices and perspectives of civil society into the work of the UN, suggesting broad themes for the SGIs activities as an NGO. 3. Nichiren Daishonin translated the excerpts from Lotus Sutra (known as the Sadharm Pundrika) into Japanese text. the religion of State Shinto that emphasised emperor worship.7 The government was also intolerant of any form of dissent. Makiguchi and Josei Toda (the 2nd President of SGI) were arrested and imprisoned in 1943 for opposing the states actions. Refusing to compromise, Makiguchi died in state prison in 1944. During his time in prison Toda grasped the concepts of Nichiren Buddhism and understood that ‘Buddhahood is a potential inherent in all life, and deepened his confidence that all people could manifest this enlightened life condition through practicing Nichirens teachings.8 After Josei Toda got released from prison he actively promoted the human form of Buddhism based on humanistic philosophy as a means of self-empowerment- a way to overcome obstacles in life and activate inner storehouse of hope, confidence, courage and wisdom. He was the 2nd President of SGI. He was able to translate the profound Buddhist concepts into practical everyday guidances that struck a chord with the people in Japan. He coined the term Human Revolution’ that became the central idea of Nichiren Buddhism, which emphasises that all people irrespective of caste, creed, gender and deeds are capable of attaining enlightenment in this lifetime. In 1957, he made declaration for the abolition of nuclear weapons. He urged the young members of SGI to work for this initiative, which became one of the core peace initiatives of SGI in the following years. Till the time of his death, in 1958, Toda was successful to spread the practice among one million members and laid the foundation for Nichiren Buddhism to spread in Japan and rest of the world. After Todas death, Daisaku Ikeda further propagated the movement of Soka Gakkai as a movement of socially engaged Buddhists. He became the 3rd President of Soka Gakkai in the year of 1960. Soka Gakkai International (SGI) was founded on January 26, 1975, as a worldwide network of Buddhists dedicated to a common vision of a better world through the empowerment of the individual and the promotion of peace, culture and education.9 Under his leadership SGI became one of the largest Buddhist 1. Daisaku Ikeda, The Human Revolution. 2. SGI, “Josei Toda, http://www.sgi.org/about-us/gohonzon.html 3. SGI, “History, http://www.sgi.org/about-us/founding-presidents/josei-toda.html organisations in the world, promoting world peace and dignity of human life through grass root activities of sustainable development, abolition of nuclear weapons, basic human rights and right to education. One of the key aims of SGI is promotion of global peace, the ideal of education and culture for global citizenship. It aims at fostering awareness for social and environmental responsibilities. It seeks to advance the search for common values, such as tolerance and existence despite differences and to strengthen our sense of common humanity10. Thus, from the very inception of Soka Gakkai, the idea of engaging Buddhist practice with ones immediate surrounding has been central to the philosophy. The proposition to practice for oneself and othersplays a potent role in the everyday practice of this philosophy. In India11 Nichiren Buddhism is not an organised religion. One does not need to convert to practice it; one may be born in a family that practices Hinduism, Sikhism, Christianity or Islam. A person is not asked to leave his/her faith. Thus, in a country where religion finds a dominant presence in the everyday life, Nichiren Buddhism provides a secular and liberal avenue, welcoming people of all faiths to practice it as a life philosophyand not as a religion. 1. Daisaku Ikeda, Soka Education. 2. According to Nichiren Daishonin by chanting the five Characters – title of the lotus sutra- Nam Myo Ho Renge kyo – a person can attain Buddhahood in his/her current life state. Since, people were used to chant to an external deity, he inscribed the five characters on a scroll – known as the Gohonzon. According to Nichiren it is the physical representation of a scroll containing Chinese and Sanskrit characters that helps the practitioners to bring forth their highest potential – life state of Buddhahood from with in their lives. It is a physical representation of the fundamental law that permeates all life. Shakyamunis revelation of this law is mentioned in the lotus sutra, the Japanese title of which is MyoHo Renge Kyo. Nichiren has represented this in its graphic form as the Gohonzon establishing a way for the people to connect. This philosophy believes that while chanting Daimoku ( Japanese word for the five characters) in front of the scroll –people come to a realization that they are the manifestation of the universal powerGohonzon is the blueprint of the limitless blueprint of the limitless potential of our inner lives. It mirrors the qualities of our inherent Buddha nature, such as wisdom, courage, compassion and life force. It is not a representation of something we lack or must acquire from a source outside ourselves.Nichiren stressed repeatedly is to believe that we are perfectly endowed” beings—that we can reveal our Buddha nature in our present form, at any place and at any time. He says, “Never seek this Gohonzon outside yourself. http://www.sgi.org/about-us/gohonzon.html. Since the middle of 19th century several sociologists, philosophers, writers and various thinkers such Emile Durkheim, Paul Ricouer, Amartya Sen and others have engaged in a moral quest to find meaning in life and society at large. Engaging with the question how do we live together when there is heightened sense of individuation, specialization and occupational differentiation?” helped Durkheim to give a sociological meaning to religion. “His significance lies in the fact that he puts emphasis on sort of civil religion, and on the need for reverence and humility without which secular reasoning might lead to narcissism and aggression.12 A modern society cannot run on the basis of selfishness or utilitarian notion of self-centred atomized individual’ because that will lead to anomic disorder.13 Taking the idea of justice in society, I would like to bring in the work of another scholar, Amartya Sen. He while explaining the Sanskrit terms niti (ethics) and nyaya (jurisprudence) says that, niti relates to the rules, institutions and organizations, whereas nyaya concerns what emerges and how, and the lives that people are actually able to lead.14 He emphasizes that the roles of institutions, rules and organization, important as they are, have to be assessed in the broader and more inclusive perspective of nyaya, which is inescapably linked with the world that actually emerges, not just the institutions or rules we happen to have.15 While quoting Mauryan ruler Asokas example, he says, his deepening faith in Buddhism made him believe that, social enrichment could be achieved through the voluntary good behaviour of the citizens themselves, without being compelled through force.16 The idea of the Middle Way is foundational to Buddhism. If we think of this in relation to the concept of nyaya, it indicates a constant and conscientious attention to the impact of ones actions on others, with the question of human happiness or 1. Avijit Pathak, “Recalling the Forgotten Education and Moral Quest, 42. 2. Ibid., 35. 3. Amartya Sen, The idea of justice, 25. 4. Ibid., 26. 5. Ibid.,31. misery serving as the overarching criterion.17 This trail of thinking resonates with the tenets of Nichiren Buddhism that believes in the interconnectedness of an individual with his/her environment. This practice emphasises on the fact that the prism of religion or ethnicity should not judge individuals instead; one should develop a deep appreciation through individual friendships of each others unique value, differences of ethnicity or religion. This philosophy believes in the inter connectedness of the individual and the universe. It makes an individual believe in his/ her innate potential. It enables an individual to take responsibility for their past and present circumstances. At the same time, sensitizing them to become empathetic to the condition of people around them. The law is also referred as the law of causality or the law of cause and effect. Causality in Buddhism also refers to things that are not visible such as misery, cruelty, happiness etc. The accumulation of our past and present causes is referred as karmawhich is also referred to the pattern and behaviour we repeat or react to in situations of our lives. This law or practice believes that individuals are the creators of their own present as well as future. Thus, taking responsibility for the causes that are created that further lead to creation of a better society for us as well as others.18 The members refer to people as bodhisattvas of the earth. In Mahayana Buddhist tradition, Bodhisattva term is used to describe an individual who is dedicated to the realization of happiness for oneself and others. As described in the Vimalakirti Sutra: 1. Ibid. 2. Within the Mahayana Buddhist tradition, the teaching that deluded impulses, or earthly desires and sufferings, are essential to enlightenment suggests the kind of dynamism that is required here. It calls for reorienting our understanding of the nature of human happiness. Happiness is not the outcome of eliminating or distancing us from the desires and impulses that give rise to suffering. It is instead vital that we grasp the reality that enlightenment—the strength and wisdom to forge a path to a better life—continues to exist within us even in the midst of anguish and pain.The problem is not simply one of suffering but of how we face that suffering and the kinds of action we take in response. Ikeda, The Global Solidarity of youth: Ushering in a New Era of Hope SGI President Ikedas 2017Peace Proposal,”40. During the short aeons of maladies, They become the best holy medicine; They make beings well and happy, And bring about their liberation. During the short aeons of famine, They become food and drink. Having first alleviated thirst and anger, They teach the Dharma to living beings. During the short aeons of swords, They meditate on love, Introducing to nonviolence Hundreds of millions of living beings. This means extending people encouragement and support when they undergo the inevitable four sufferings of life that is birth, ageing, sick ness and death. As referred in the Vilamkirti Sutra – because living beings are ill, I also am ill- to be a bodhisattva means to be motivated by the spirit of empathy to respond to grave social crisis wherever you are and whether or not you are directly impacted.19 The concept of dependent origination and interconnectedness with all life forms, find roots of its conception in the premise of ‘Bodhisattva of the Earth. This spirit of bodhisattva is foundational to the growth and sustained efforts of SGI. It has lead to the spread of this faith- based organisation to 192 countries and territories globally. It is considered to be one of the fastest growing and diverse lay Buddhist movement, having more than 12 million practitioners across the globe.20 For example, in India there are 2,00,000 practicing members in BSG. During the past four decades BSG has spearheaded several peace initiatives such travelling exhibitions on peace & non-violence, educational initiatives for under privileged children, peace symposiums and several humanitarian activities such as rescuing of people during natural disasters and delivery them with basic survival necessities. 1. Ibid.,” 18. 2. SGI, Timeline, http://www.sgi.org/about-us/gohonzon.html Extending beyond the philosophical and theoretical engagements, the SGI unleashes into action by supporting the efforts of UN and over the years has been working on global challenges such as refugee crisis, educational reforms, abolition of nuclear weapons and environmental crisis. The third President of SGI, Daisaku Ikeda has been writing peace proposals to UN since 1983. These proposals explore both, the Buddhist concepts and their social relevance in globally challenging times. For example: 2018 proposal reads Towards an era of Human Right: Building a Peoples Movement. The adoption of the The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons’ in 2017 was a breakthrough in the field of nuclear disarmament. Mr Ikedas peace proposal “Building Global Solidarity Toward Nuclear Abolitionwritten in 2009 significantly shaped and augmented the efforts of the UN towards Nuclear abolition. SGI is also the international partner of ICAN (the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons)21 that won a Nobel Prize in 2017 for its efforts towards a world free from nuclear weapons. One of the main monthly activities in SGI is its Discussion Meeting. These meetings serve as an active platform that reinstate Humanistic Buddhism among members and pushes them towards 1. Since the launch of ICAN in 2007, the SGI has been proud to work as one of the movements international partners toward the realization of a world free from nuclear weapons. In particular, the SGI has collaborated with ICAN to produce educational materials including Testimonies of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: women Speak out for Peace”(2009), the awareness-raising exhibition “Everything You TreasureFor a World Free From Nuclear Weapons” (2012), which has been shown in 79 cities in 19 countries around the world, and in September this year, a short anime film highlighting the importance of the Treaty to Prohibit Nuclear Weapons. The SGI is committed to continuing the long struggle towards abolition of these most inhumane of weapons. Mr. Ikeda continues: The adoption of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons and todays award mark the opening of a new phase in the effort to abolish nuclear weapons, a rising tide of energy and commitment. ICAN Executive Director Beatrice Fihn commented in an interview at the time of the adoption of the treaty:SGI has been one of our greatest partners in this fight. Faith-based perspectives are extremely important, because there is a moral reason to why we are doing this. The SGI has been working toward the abolition of nuclear weapons for 60 years, since the ‘Declaration Calling for the Abolition of Nuclear Weaponsissued by second Soka Gakkai President Josei Toda on September 8, 1957. World Tribune Voice of Courage and Hope https://www.worldtribune.org/2017/10/ican-the-sgi/ Engaged Buddhism. Such as discussing & promoting dialogues on equality, diversity, peace, education and culture. Discussion Meetings serve as structures of spiritual and emotional support, whereby they help in overcoming the challenges of the 21st century like anomie, disenchantment, social exclusion and a heightened sense of aloneness and depression. Through reinstating the spirit of humanistic Buddhism, which connects the philosophical aspect of the religion to the everydayness of the individual, it empowers the practioners to become agents of change who begin to embody a spirit of ‘Engaged Buddhism’ in their respective workplaces, environment, communities and society at large. Thus, from a private, individuated practice of spirituality, this philosophy transforms into an action driven engagement with the others and our public life. Dr Ikeda in his peace proposal for the year 2018 attributes a key role in women empowerment will pay in resolving global challenges. The Preamble of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear weapons (TPNW) states that to attain sustainable peace and security globally, equal participation of both men and women is necessary. The proposal further elucidates how women participation is not only limited to peace and conflict resolution but has been acknowledged and adopted as Gender Action Plan both at 3rd UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (2015) and UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (2017) with its roots in the Buddhist Concept of ‘Dignity of all people. The SGI has consistently supported the UN Commission on the Status of Women (CSW), sending delegates since 2011 to the UN Headquarters and collaborated with UN Human Rights Council by co-sponsoring events focussing on the role of faith and culture in promoting women rights and gender equality. Citing an example closer to home, while interacting with different BSG age groups coming from different religious, economic and professional backgrounds in Delhi, one realises that all of them took this philosophy, not because of the religious freedom it offers but a sense of empowerment and equality it instils. Mrs. Savita Thakur, who is a 40-year old homemaker, was caught in a financial crisis, wherein her husband suffered huge financial losses. In spite of this turbulent period, she didnt lose her internal strength. This undefeatable spirit she attributes to her Buddhist practice and consistent encouragement by co-practioners. Her family not only sailed through testing times but she was also able to overcome her lifelong phobia of English language. She shared that the strength provided by her Buddhist practice and non- judgemental nature of other members enabled her to recite her struggle entirely in English language for the first time in her life, in front of a huge gathering. Talking to other Indian women members, one realises that in a society that is plagued with Gender Inequality, biases and prejudices, this practice has given urban women a hope to believe in their innate potential, which is faith based on action that propels them to work as a positive driving force not only in their homes but also in their immediate environment and communities. Since the time of Second President Josei Toda, who declared the abolishment of nuclear weapons, youth has been the heart of SGIs peace initiatives. As President Ikeda believes that young people in particular are blessed with a fresh sensitivity and a passionate seeking for ideals. Their energy can catalyse chain reactions of positive change as they forge bonds of trust among people.22 Young people who are practicing this philosophy across the globe are somewhere convinced that the sense of powerlessness that inflicts the contemporary society can be transformed by collective actions of people around them. They actively engage in action rooted with absolute faith that the current circumstances are the reason that will enable them to fulfil their unique mission.23 Thus, the action drive agenda of the BSG finds its momentum by keeping the youth in the center stage of its activities and campaigns. 1. Ibid., 38. 2. Ibid.39. In India, BSG youth volunteers have been instrumental in reaching out to people and communities, especially those who have been deeply affected and devastated by natural disasters such, as the Gujrat cyclone (1998), Chamoli Earthquake (1999), Orissa Cyclone (1999), Gujrat Earthquake (2001), Tsunami in Tamil Naidu (2004), Chennai Floods (2015) among others. While posing a question to one of BSGs Young Male Division member, Raghav Sharma, currently studying in DU, I asked, what propelled him to help people during Chennai floods in 2015, he said, even before I joined BSG, I was sympathetic to people who were either suffering due to man-made or natural disasters. But I was unable to offer any help. Practicing this humanistic philosophy in particular and reading about the suffering and experiences of people across India and globally has made me empathetictowards their suffering and enabled me to offer my skills to people in distress. I have also come to a realisation that acquiring knowledge and degrees is futile until unless I can help and serve people around me. His thoughts found resonance among other young members who believed that this faith based practice has provided them with a sense of purpose and is purely driven by action in ones own life as well as others. Though 21st century is witnessing the pinnacle of technological advancement but at the same time it is one of the most violent centuries, where global issues of migration, displacement, war caused deaths and other global crisis have reached a new high point. Coming back to the ailments of modern society, human population across the globe is undergoing personal and societal challenges. For example, U.K in 2017 has set up a Ministry of Loneliness. Taking into consideration the data provided by the Jo Cox Commission, almost nine million people in U.K have acknowledged of being lonely. This has serious effect on their personal and professional lives. The data further adds, that it costs British Employers 2.5 billion a year.24 It is estimated that in 2020 India will become worlds youngest country, with its 64 per cent population will be in working age 1. https://www.jocoxloneliness.org/ group.25 With growing numbers in youth population, there are also growing problems that need to be urgently addressed as a society. While, conducting interviews with college students from both Delhi University and Jawaharlal Nehru University, one realises that 25-35% of student population is undergoing serious mental health issues. Such issues are mainly a result of social isolation, virtual reality taking over physical human interactions, a sense of cutthroat competition, performance anxiety, heightened sense of low self-esteem and existential crisis. Interviewing practicing young members of Nichiren Buddhism one realises the impact it has on them. Quoting from a young college going practitioner P. Chettri One of my classmate invited me to attend the monthly discussion meeting at one of the homes of a practicing member in South Delhi. During that time I was suffering from clinical depression. Those days especially, I was haunted by thoughts of self-harm and a deep sense of worthlessness. Due to one of my friends persistent request, I thought, let me attend this last social meeting, after which I will take the desired step of self-harm. While attending the meeting, I was completely distracted, but what caught my attention, were few lines that one of the young member shared, on self- forgiveness and compassion. The member said, if the universe never gives up on you, and has infinite compassion, how can you give up on your own self. These spoken lines and the positive energy of the members present, proved to be a lifesaver for me. Thus, the brief message that one could conjures through these interactions is, that the change one desires to witness in the outer environment, needs to start from within one own self. Quoting Dr Daisaku Ikeda, P. Chettri says, A great human revolution in just a single individual will help achieve a change in the destiny of a nation, and, further, will enable a change in the destiny of all humankind. It thus becomes evident that the BSG works not only as a support system for its members, providing safe space to escape alienation and disenchantment from the real world but also as a fertile ground to inspire youth to take initiatives and orient the philosophy towards action’ in their respective lives and local communities. 1. http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-is-set-to-become-the-youngest- country-by-2020/article4624347.ece In conclusion, this paper traces the historical trajectory of the SGI, its inception and growth in India and the nexus it provides between spirituality and an action-oriented living. My engagement with the practitioners of Bharat Soka Gakkai has been located within the urban pockets of India. This paper is a part of an on- going research work. Out of several questions that I posed while interacting with various practicing members in Delhi, if not all, few got answered. From a sociological perspective, it is interesting to observe that in Japan, Nichiren Buddhism cuts across various class binaries; people belonging to various class strata from fishermen to farmers practice it. But ironically in India, the socio-economic demographic of BSG is mainly an urban middle class population, perhaps because of the English language that restricts it to people belonging to this particular class strata. Click để đánh giá bài viết Những tin mới hơn Những tin cũ hơn
Obermeyer Hydro and its project partners NREL, Microtunneling, Inc., and Small Hydro Consulting found that, compared to conventional pumped-storage resources, Obermeyer’s novel PSH system could reduce initial capital costs by 33%, increase the number of potentially viable sites, decrease potential environmental impacts of PSH projects, and reduce geologic risks of underground powerhouse construction. Geological surprises can make the complex underground excavation and construction associated with PSH susceptible to unexpected costs and delays; therefore, risks can be mitigated by reducing the volume and complexity of such excavations. The company’s configuration is uniquely designed to only require construction of a vertical shaft to position a submersible pump-turbine/motor-generator sufficiently deep, instead of an elaborate underground cavern that would involve much larger excavation. By providing the PSH pump-turbine in a shaft instead of an underground powerhouse, Obermeyer’s technology will help reduce costs and time of construction for future deployments. To enable broader development of PSH, both cost and scale reductions are important. To help shorten deployment times and reduce project costs and other vulnerabilities, WPTO awarded funding to Obermeyer Hydro, Inc., to design a cost-effective, small-scale, adjustable-speed PSH system optimized for U.S. energy storage requirements. According to WPTO’s Hydropower Vision report, the United States has the potential to add 36 GW of PSH by 2050—more than doubling the country’s current capacity. But since 2000, only one new PSH project has been constructed in the United States. Historically, PSH projects must be very large to justify the high fixed costs associated with engineering complex underground structures that come with inherent geological risk. Reversible-pump turbines have strict, design-specific submergence requirements and are typically installed in a large, excavated underground powerhouse—but such facilities are also expensive and require suitable geology. Obermeyer’s project focused on the design of an adjustable-speed PSH motor-generator and also took a lens to the integration of several subsystems, including electromagnetic and mechanical components and weights, into a complete PSH system design while developing a breakdown of estimated costs. The required subsystems include the pump turbine itself, the motor-generator, the power converter, the control system, and the water conveyance structures, including penstock, draft tube, shaft with liner access cover, and pressure relief valve. The novel permanent-magnet motor-generator with heat pipe cooling promises higher power density than traditional permanent-magnet designs. Hydraulic efficiencies of 94%–95% were achieved through computational fluid dynamics modeling and independent verification of the system. A publication capturing these results, methodologies, and further data is expected to be released in early 2021. For additional information, contact Henry Obermeyer. Obermeyer’s PSH configuration. In Obermeyer’s PSH configuration, a turbine-generator is placed at the bottom of a shaft with a lifting mechanism to facilitate future maintenance. Courtesy of Obermeyer Hydro, Inc. Grid Reliability, Resilience, & Integration Success Stories
IELTS test structure An IELTS exam has the following structure: 4 sections; 40 questions. 30 minutes 4 sections; 40 questions. 30 minutes 3 sections; 40 questions 3 long reading passages 1 hour 3 sections; 40 questions 3 reading passages 1 hour 2 tasks (Report writing & Essay Writing) 1 hour 2 tasks (Letter/ Application writing & Essay Writing) 1 hour 11 - 14 minutes 11 - 14 minutes The IELTS score for each section is reported on a band score of 0-9. The overall band score is calculated from the average of the four sections and then a score is given to the IELTS candidate. The overall band score indicated the candidate's English proficiency according to the following chart: 9 Expert User 8 Very Good User 7 Good User 6 Competent User 5 Modest User 4 Limited User 3 Extremely Limited User 2 Intermittent User 1 Non User 0: Did not Attempt the Test Purpose of IELTS: Skills Tested: IELTS exam tests a candidate's ability in 4 different modules of the English language: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. Note that a candidate's language skill is tested in the IELTS exam not the general knowledge or technical skill is tested. The academic and GT IELTS test the same skill sets except the reading and writing task 1. Based on how a candidate does in the different modules of the IELTS, a band score is assigned for individual modules and an overall band score is calculated based on the average of the score in the four modules. The score reflects the candidate's overall as well as particular proficiency in the English language. IELTS is the most widely accepted English Language Test in the world: It is often asked by many "Why IELTS is the most widely accepted English Language Test in the world?" Well, the IELTS test result is recognised and accepted by more than 10 thousand organisations, including colleges, universities, training institutes, immigration authorities, multinational companies and even by the government bodies in more than 140 countries- which basically covers the major parts of the world. Since IELTS is accepted as evidence of English language proficiency by so many organisations and educational institutes worldwide, more than 3.5 million test-takers take this test each year. Due to this, this test has become so easily accessible. You just need to visit an authorised test centre to register for the test and then choose one of the available test dates that suit you to take the test. Now, you may ask why so many educational institutes, immigration authorities, training institutes and multinational companies accept it? Well, it is because it is strictly monitored, structured and has high-quality control criteria. The IELTS authorities make sure the test and evaluation criteria are of supreme quality, so organisations rely on this test and trust the test result. The IELTS test is designed to assess different English language skills of a candidate – speaking, listening, writing and reading – including a live conversation with an expert examiner, which prepares you for real-life situations, whether it is to talk to your international colleagues at school, to your clients at work or even during a trip abroad. This makes this test really useful and important and no doubt is recognised worldwide. Syed Moin Haider Helpful content.
Essay About Hockey 1454 Words6 Pages As a kid I played a ton of hockey. My grandpa has an ice rink behind his house and every winter I would be over there as much as possible. I played so much that I was playing with the kids twice my size and still keeping up with them. Although they were a lot stronger than me so it was very tough to keep the puck away from them. As a kid my dream was to become an NHL hockey player and play for the Detroit Red Wings. I would play rollerblade hockey in my driveway for hours acting like I was on the Red Wings. This got me interested in how this game that I love, came to be. Hockey’s origin didn’t come from one man or country, but from many different people, cultures, and sports and as it grew, it became a very serious sport in many areas of the world. Hockey’s beginnings and rules were affected by a couple of different sports. The earliest known game which affected the creation of hockey was a stick and ball game played by men in Greece in the 400’s BCE. Archaeologists discovered pictures…show more content… It was not just one single man who came up with the sport. When men from Europe came to North America they noticed that the natives were playing lacrosse which was very similar to their games back home and they used some of the principles of lacrosse in the creation of hockey. Another man who played a huge role in the creation of hockey was from Nova Scotia. His name was James Creighton and he brought all of his knowledge of ice hockey into Montreal, Canada where the first ever organized hockey game as we know it today was played. This man also decided that he wanted to try to play hockey indoors at the local ice skating rink, but he was scared that the ball would fly out of the rink and hurt somebody, so they took the cork bung from a beer barrel which was shaped like the hockey pucks we use today. He hoped that this would not be as easy to lift out of the rink and have less of a chance to seriously hurt More about Essay About Hockey Open Document
• By • On 21/08/2020 What is epilepsy? Epilepsy is a chronic disease characterized by recurrent and unprovoked seizures. A person is diagnosed with epilepsy if they have two unprovoked seizures (or one unprovoked seizure with the likelihood of more) that were not caused by a known, reversible medical condition such as alcohol withdrawal or extremely low blood sugar. Epileptic seizures may be related to a brain injury or a family tendency, but often the cause is completely unknown. The word "epilepsy" does not say anything about the cause of a person's seizures or how severe they are. Many people with epilepsy have more than one type of seizure and may have other symptoms of neurological problems as well. Sometimes EEG (electroencephalogram) tests, clinical history, family history, and outlook are similar among a group of people with epilepsy. In these situations, their condition can be defined as a specific epilepsy syndrome. Although the symptoms of a seizure can affect any part of the body, the electrical events that produce the symptoms occur in the brain. The location of this event, how it spreads, which part of the brain is affected, and how long it lasts all have profound effects. These factors determine the character of a crisis and its impact on the individual. Seizures and epilepsy can affect safety, relationships, work, driving, and more. Public perception and treatment of people with epilepsy are often more important issues than actual seizures. If you suffer from epilepsy and want a natural cure, our experts have the solution for you. Natural herbal treatment It is a rapid and effective natural treatment to prevent and control seizures. We use the best natural herbs to cure epilepsy. This natural remedy is active in all crises of epilepsy; it is suitable for children and adults. Modern medicine offers drugs for epilepsy. Unfortunately, these drugs often have many side effects and are not always effective. They inhibit seizures but are not curative. Our natural treatment is the secret to preventing epileptic seizures from herbs. The natural treatment to cure epilepsy that we offer allows you to naturally reduce the frequency of epilepsy seizures. The herbal tea is made from leaves, roots, and bark whose active ingredients will prevent your seizures. Medicinal plant for epilepsy Tel / Whatsapp: +22990431736 What is garlic? Known for millennia, garlic is a bulb used as a condiment and as a remedy for many ailments. Garlic is still widely acclaimed today for its many virtues on our health and its wide spectrum of action. Long-term consumption of garlic helps reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the presence of antioxidants could prevent certain cancers. It is effective against respiratory infections and helps reduce the duration and intensity of colds. In many countries, it is still widely used as a natural antibiotic, antimicrobial and antiparasitic. Garlic is also very useful in the treatment of epilepsyGarlic helps the nervous system to function properly by eliminating free radicals in the body thanks to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This prevents epileptic seizures and other symptoms. • Add 5 crushed garlic cloves 4 to half a glass of milk and boil until the mixture is reduced by half. Then strain and drink once a day. • An alternative solution is to take garlic supplements daily. Always consult your doctor for the correct dose. Lower cholesterol 11 foods that lower cholesterol - Harvard Health Garlic has long been considered one of the best foods for preventing high cholesterol. A study recently reported that eating about 10 grams of raw garlic (1-2 small cloves) per day; reduces cholesterol quite dramatically in two months. These findings are also supported by a variety of more recent studies. A research team initially asked 50 people who have high cholesterol to regularly eat 3 grams of raw garlic once a day. After 90 days of probation, all of these participants experienced a dramatic drop in cholesterol, which is approximately 10-13 percent. Researchers find that this benefit comes from the content of allicin in garlic. Uniquely, allicin will only be produced by garlic when the pods are cut, crushed by chewing. Allicin inhibits enzymes that play a role in making cholesterol. Control blood pressure Blood pressure in five points - Medical Blog If you are at risk or have been diagnosed with high blood pressure, maintaining a healthy diet is one of the keys to staying healthy. Now, among the many healthy foods available, garlic can be your mainstay. Yes! The potential benefits of garlic for lowering blood pressure have long been recognized as comparable to generic hypertension medications. One study reports that the effect of reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure after eating raw garlic is almost the same as the drug atenolol. Again, this benefit comes from the allicin content which can only be achieved when raw garlic cloves are chewed, or cut. This method makes allicin more easily digested and used by the body. In addition, garlic also contains polysulfide which helps widen the blood vessels, thereby reducing blood pressure. Make the heart-healthy A healthy heart is a healthy child. Bodies and vessels ... The good news is, garlic also has good potential for preventing the risk of heart disease. Garlic is known as a supplemental treatment to lower cholesterol and blood pressure, which ultimately reduces the risk of atherosclerosis. Uniquely, the most consistent benefits are exhibited by aged garlic extracts. To sum up a number of studies, aged garlic extract reduces the buildup of soft plaque and prevents new plaque from forming in the arteries. Some research on aged garlic also shows the effect of decreasing the levels of calcium and C-reactive protein in the coronary arteries. Calcium deposits in the coronary arteries are a sign of plaque buildup that can narrow or clog the arteries. C reactive protein is a special protein that triggers inflammation. The above two conditions then trigger atherosclerosis. When atherosclerosis occurs, you will be more susceptible to heart attacks or strokes. Reduce the risk of cancer Cancer: 12 commandments to reduce the risk The benefits of garlic have been known for centuries. Research results so far show a link between regular consumption of garlic with a reduced risk of several types of cancer, including stomach cancer (stomach, colon, and small intestine), cancer of the esophagus, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. Raw garlic is rich in active sulfur which prevents the formation of cancer cells and inhibits its spread in the body. Maintain brain health Tips for a healthy brain - step to health It turns out that eating garlic is not only beneficial for heart health, but also for the brain. A team of researchers has found that a carbohydrate derivative of garlic known as FruArg protects brain cells from the effects of aging and disease. FruArg has been reported to reduce the levels of nitric oxide produced by microglia cells in the brain against inflammation and oxidative stress. On the one hand, the role of microglial cells is very beneficial in maintaining the health of the nervous system. However, the longer the microglial cells take to fight inflammation, the more nitric oxide they produce. Excessive levels of nitric oxide have long been linked as a cause of damage to brain cells. Fortunately, FruArg in garlic can multiply microglia cells without triggering increased levels of nitric oxide in the brain. This means that garlic provides protective benefits for brain cells by making them more immune to the risk of neurological diseases, such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Overcome acne Acne: all you need to know about acne \| Folder Don't give up yet if you've tried a thousand and one ways to get rid of pimples but nothing works. Garlic broth in the kitchen might be the answer. Various studies have shown that allicin has antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiseptic properties that help kill the germs that cause acne. These various properties help reduce inflammation of the skin and increase blood circulation to brighten skin tone. Garlic also contains vitamins and other minerals that are believed to kill acne, from vitamin C, vitamin B-6, selenium, copper and zinc which are helpful in controlling excess production. of oil. Strengthen your bones Flavonoids to help you lose weight - Reflex-Coaching Pour ... Did you know that in addition to calcium and vitamin D, flavonoids are among the most potential nutritional components for improving bone health? Summarizing the results of research, flavonoids have the potential to increase bone formation while slowing the process of bone mineral loss. Well, of the onion family, garlic and leeks are the most effective at inhibiting bone fragmentation. A study in laboratory rats also found that garlic was helpful in preventing bone loss after surgical removal of the ovaries (oophorectomy). Fight inflammation, colds, and coughs Common cold: how to stop blowing your nose Garlic is one of the natural remedies for strengthening the immune system. Allicin, an active compound found in garlic, has been shown to kill various germs that cause common illnesses, such as colds and flu, coughs, and sore throat. If you are ill, eating garlic can reduce the severity of symptoms and help you recover faster. Various studies also report that consuming raw garlic reduces the risk of getting sick from contracting the above common diseases. Plus, obligatory cooking ingredients can reduce fatigue. Overcome Hair Loss Can we fight against baldness? Who would have thought that the benefits of eating raw garlic could overcome the problem of hair loss? In alopecia or baldness which is caused by an autoimmune disease, raw garlic can strengthen and encourage hair growth on the scalp. Some people even rub garlic oil on the head to prevent baldness. garlic to treat epilepsy how to cure epilepsy naturally herbal treatment for epilepsy diet to treat epilepsy • No ratings yet - be the first to rate this. Add a comment
ads 728x90 Google further research with Knowledge Graph The search engine Google deepened his explorations Knowledge Graph. Google announced the launch of "Knowledge Graph." This tool complements the intelligent search query results with information from encyclopedias and various databases. It instantly provides relevant information about places, works or personalities recognized by Google. The presentation of information is mainly based on public resources online, such as the Wikipedia encyclopedia or the CIA World Factbook. It is adjusted according to user searches and what is published daily on the Internet. The Knowledge Graph is presented in the form of a panel displayed to the right of the search results, which appear in the completed information links to various entities around. For example, searching for information on Leonardo da Vinci, the user will discover a short biography, as well as performances of his major works on which we can ask for more information. The search will return also the painter of contemporary artists such as Michelangelo and Raphael, or later as Pablo Picasso and Vincent Van Gogh. Google further research with Knowledge Graph Google further research with Knowledge Graph Ù…Ø±Ø§Ø¬Ø¹Ø© Ù…Ù† Ù‚Ø¨Ù„ fortech ÙÙŠ 5:27 م ØªØµÙ†ÙŠÙ: 5
Numerade Educator Problem 3 Medium Difficulty (a) Estimate the area under the graph of $ f(x) = 1/x $ from $ x = 1 $ to $ x =2 $ using four approximating rectangles and right endpoints. Sketch the graph and the rectangles. Is your estimate an underestimate or an overestimate? (b) Repeat part (a) using left endpoints. a. $\frac{533}{840}$ underestimate b. $\frac{319}{420}$ More Answers You must be signed in to discuss. Video Transcript and this problem, we are understanding the rhyme and some definition of an integral. Where specifically we're looking at a function and finding the area under the curve by looking at an infinite number of rectangles that make up that curve. And what we're essentially doing is taking a some of the area of every single rectangle until we get really, really close to the actual area. So that's what we're talking about in this problem. Were given the function F of X equals one over X. And we need to estimate the area using the right endpoints and the left end points. So for part A we have to look at the right end points of our function. The first thing that we need to know is delta X. What is the width of these rectangles? Were even looking at? Well, it's going to be be over, pardon me, b minus a Oliver end. So that's two minus 1/4, which is 1/4. So this is a quick sketch of our function. This isn't perfect, but this dust does give us a quick representation of what we're doing. We have four rectangles underneath the curve and you can tell these rectangles are not going above that line. So this is probably going to be an underestimate. So now we have to use the definition of the Riemann sum. So are four is going to be equal to the sum from I going to 1 to 4. So that's just the number of rectangles of F. X. Of I times delta X. Essentially what that means is we're taking the point of the function where the rectangle hits times the width of the rectangle. So this simplifies to 1/4 times this entire portion 4/5 plus 2/3 plus 4/7 plus one half. And that simplifies 2.6345 And this is going to be an underestimate for the area. Now, for part B we're doing something very similar, but now we're taking the left end points. So again, this is a quick sketch and now you can tell our four rectangles are above the curve, so this is probably going to be an overestimate, so we're going to do the same thing, we're going to find the rhyme and some, so L four is going to be equal to 1/4 times one plus 1/1 10.25 plus 1/1 0.5 Plus one over 1.75. That simplifies 2.7595 and that's going to be an overestimate. So now what this essentially telling us is we have the right endpoints and the left endpoints wants an overestimate. Want an underestimate. So the true area of the function is going to be somewhere in the middle, and that's where we would use the actual algebraic integral to tell us the exact area. So I hope that this made sense, and I hope you now understand a little bit more about the Raimund definition of an integral.
Skip to content Abdominal trauma: Clinical practice Abdominal trauma: Clinical practice 0 / 7 complete USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE 3 questions USMLE® Step 2 style questions USMLE 7 questions Content Reviewers: Rishi Desai, MD, MPH Abdominal trauma is defined as injury anywhere between the nipple line and inguinal creases, and can be blunt, like from motor vehicle accidents, or penetrating, like from stab wounds or gunshot wounds. As with any trauma, evaluation begins with the primary survey, which includes the ABCDEs; airway, breathing, circulation, disability and exposure. The main goal of the primary survey is to assess and treat for immediately life-threatening injuries. Okay, so if the individual is talking to you with a clear voice, their airway is intact. If not, assess their ability to maintain the airway, or if they needed assisted ventilation with a bag-valve mask or even endotracheal intubation. As for “breathing”, look for tracheal deviation and listen to the breath sounds. Also, if the individual is hypoxic, provide 100% oxygen using a non-rebreather mask. Next, look at the heart rate and blood pressure, as tachycardia or hypotension may indicate hemorrhagic shock. Assess for signs of inadequate end-organ perfusion, such as altered mental status, decrease urine output, cool or pale skin, and delayed capillary refill. Also, insert two large-bore intravenous lines, and prepare for the need for blood products. Bedside ultrasound can also be used in the primary survey - and it’s called focused assessment with sonography for trauma, or the FAST exam. The ultrasound probe explores the pericardial cavity, then the right flank, also called the hepatorenal recess or Morison’s pouch, and then the left flank which looks for perisplenic fluid, and finally the suprapubic region to look for fluid around the bladder. When views are added to look for a pneumothorax, hemothorax, or cardiac tamponade, it’s called an extended FAST or E-FAST. The FAST exam is non-invasive, portable, and great at detecting intra abdominal bleeding, but it does require skill to use it properly and doesn’t identify which organ is injured. For example, fluid in the hepatorenal space does not necessarily mean hepatic injury. Finally there’s “Disability” which means neurological disability, and is assessed by checking the pupils and using the Glasgow Coma Scale, or GCS. And there’s “exposure” which is assessed by turning the individual on their side, and assessing their back for any occult injuries. All right, now the secondary survey focuses on taking a history, and performing an elaborate head-to-toe examination with the goal of detecting more subtle injuries. Ecchymosis over the periumbilical region, also called Cullen's sign, or on both flanks, also called the Grey-Turner sign respectively signify intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal hemorrhage from pancreatic injury. Referred pain to the left shoulder when palpating the left upper quadrant is Kehr's sign, which indicates splenic injury irritating the left hemidiaphragm. A seat belt sign is a diagonal ecchymosis across the abdomen in the distribution of a seatbelt, and this clues towards small bowel injury or a transverse fracture of the L3 vertebrae, also called a Chance fracture. Signs of peritoneal irritation such as guarding and rebound tenderness may be present, but the absence of these findings don’t rule out an abdominal injury. Common labs that are sent include a CBC, blood type and crossmatch, and a PT, PTT, and INR. Also, a urine beta-hcG should be obtained for any female of childbearing age. A urinalysis should be obtained to look for hematuria, which could be due to genitourinary injury. And because bleeding from trauma causes a loss of platelets and coagulation factors, in addition to a loss of RBCs, it’s important to replace them all. So, packed red blood cells, or PRBCs, platelets, and fresh frozen plasma or FFP are all given in a one-to-one-to-one ratio. In other words, if you’re giving 3 units of PRBCs, you’ll also give 3 units of platelets, and 3 units of FFP. Additionally, because gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria live in the gut, prophylactic antibiotics like piperacillin-tazobactam are given to decrease the risk of an intra-abdominal source of sepsis. Management of blunt abdominal trauma depends on the individual’s hemodynamic stability. If they’re hemodynamically unstable, and the FAST exam shows free fluid, they should immediately get an exploratory laparotomy. If the FAST exam doesn’t show free fluid, then resuscitation is continued, and other causes of hemorrhagic shock should be searched for - like bleeding from a pelvic or long-bone fracture. After that the FAST exam is repeated, and a diagnostic peritoneal lavage, or DPL can be done. A DPL involves inserting a needle into the abdomen, aspirating a fluid sample, and sending it off to for a microscopic analysis. In a hemodynamically unstable individual, if there’s gross blood, or more than 100,000 RBCs, or more than 500 WBCs on the microscopic analysis, then an exploratory laparotomy should be done. Now, if the individual is hemodynamically stable and their FAST exam is negative for free fluid, then serial abdominal exams are performed every couple of hours. Some individuals are sent for a CT scan of the abdomen, depending on the clinical suspicion of intra-abdominal injury. On the other hand, if the FAST exam shows free fluid, then the next step is definitely a CT scan of the abdomen. The CT can show specific organ injuries, as well as retroperitoneal injuries, but it can miss pancreatic, diaphragmatic, small bowel, and mesenteric injuries. If the CT scan is positive, then the next step is either non-operative management or an exploratory laparotomy, depending on the type and severity of the injury. All right, now in penetrating abdominal trauma, the primary and secondary survey are similar. Also, the FAST is routinely performed, but unlike blunt trauma, it’s less helpful and isn’t used in isolation as a reliable decision making tool. It’s also usually done as an E-FAST exam, because the concern for pneumothorax or hemothorax in penetrating trauma is greater than in blunt trauma. Another difference is that individuals with penetrating abdominal trauma should receive a tetanus toxoid vaccine. Prophylactic broad-spectrum antibiotics are typically given to those that need surgical intervention. Finally, if an object like a knife is impaled, it’s important to leave it in place until it can be surgically removed to prevent uncontrolled bleeding. Okay, now when it comes to stab wounds, the liver is the most commonly injured organ. An emergent exploratory laparotomy should be done if there’s hemodynamic instability, impalement or evisceration of abdominal contents, signs of peritonitis such as guarding or rebound tenderness, or signs of gastrointestinal hemorrhage such rectal bleeding or a bloody aspirate from a nasogastric tube. If none of these are present, the next step is to determine if there’s penetration into the peritoneal space - specifically if the anterior rectus fascia was penetrated. This can be done with a FAST exam, which will show free fluid, done in conjunction with exploring the wound under local anesthesia. If there doesn’t seem to be peritoneal penetration, then the wound should be cleaned and closed. If there is peritoneal penetration, a CT scan is done to delineate specific organ injuries, then the individual is observed for 12 to 24 hours, and during that time serial abdominal exams are done every few hours. If they develop hemodynamic instability or signs of peritonitis, they’re taken for an exploratory laparotomy. If the individual remains hemodynamically stable, doesn’t develop signs of peritonitis, and is otherwise stable, they’re typically discharged home. Okay, now for gunshot wounds, the small and large bowel are most commonly injured. Indications for emergent exploratory laparotomy include hemodynamic instability, and signs of peritonitis or evisceration. If none of these are present, then assessment for peritoneal perforation is done using a CT scan. Now unlike stab wounds, gunshot wounds almost always penetrate the peritoneum and cause intraperitoneal organ injury.
Why Mahalaya Amavasya is important Mahalaya Amavasya is a perfect time to remember our ancestors and perform Vedic rituals to express our sense of gratitude and reverence to those departed souls. Mahalaya Amavasya is known by several names like Pitru Amavasya, Peddala Amavasya, Sarvapitra Mavasya or Simply Mahalaya. The ultimate aim of Mahalaya Amavasya is to honor our ancestors by offering sacred and special foods. Mahalaya is celebrated for 15 days, and each day is ideal for providing unique kinds of tarpanam. The 15 days is popularly known as Pitru Paksha. The term ‘Pitru’ refers to ancestors, and ‘Pakshga’ means 15 Days period. The Pitru paksha always starts on Bhadrapada Shukla Purnima and ends on Ashwin Krishna Amavasya, also known as Mahalaya Amavasya. What makes Mahalaya Amavasya signnificant Mahalaya Amavasya is a perfect opportunity to set right our bad karma arising out of ancestors and provides a chance to bond spiritually with our forefathers. One has to think about their ancestors without whom we would not have been born in this world. It is believed that the ancestors, after their death, go the world as spirits and stay there. According to legends, Lord Maha Vishnu has allowed all departed souls to visit the earth once a year and bless their family members with joy and happiness. The ancestors come down to see their family members and are always willing to bless them. Mahalaya is a time when not just ordinary people but also enlightened yogis and sages look forward to receiving blessings from their ancestors and gurus. As a result, Mahalaya Amavasya is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to seek blessings from our departed ancestors and change the world and ourselves for the better. The Legend of Mahalaya According to Hindu mythology, once a fierce war between the Devas and the Asuras took place. During this conflict, both sides lost many lives. The battle began on Bhadrapada Bahula Paadayami and continued until Amavasya. As a result, the fifteen days is known as Sasthrahatha Mahalaya. On this day, we honor the Devas and Asuras who died during that time. Mahalaya Puja procedure According to Hindu beliefs, a person should repay three forms of Rinas, or debts, to lead a life free of suffering. Deva Rina, Rishi Rina, and Pithru Rina (debt to God, the guru, and the ancestors) are three Rinas owed by a person. The ancient scriptures declare that the son should serve his parents while they are alive, and once they have passed away, he has to perform the Shradh ceremony to liberate their departed souls. Thus, Tharpana is performing one-of-a-kind offerings to the souls of ancestors during the Mahalaya Amavasya. The sacred Hindu texts like Vayu Purana, Agni Purana, Garuda Purana, Matsya Purana, and Markandeya Purana mention the significance of these tarpanam rituals. During tharpana, the uncooked rice, black sesame seeds mixed with water are offered to the ancestors calling upon their names and nakshatra. These rites have to be performed by men who have lost their fathers. The animals and birds such as the crow, dogs, and cows are allowed to eat the food offerings in the belief that ancestors appear in various ways to accept the offerings of their family. 2021 Mahalaya Amavasya Date And Time Date: 6th October 2021 – Wednesday Tithi Timings: It starts at 07:04 PM, 5th October 2021, and Ends at 04:35 PM, 6th October 2021.
Recognizing the grass roots of our democracy Municipal Awareness Week a chance to appreciate government at its most local It’s the week we’ve all been waiting for: Municipal Awareness Week, October 20 to 26, 2014. I know it seems as if every week is designated as a time to draw attention to some cause or another. In fact, Colin Stokes wrote a column for the New Yorker, published on Sept. 15, 2014, called It’s Week Week to highlight that fact. The article pokes fun at the trend by describing a week that stands out for being mundane and not dedicated to anything. So why am I asking you to read and care about Municipal Awareness Week? Like all the other causes that have a dedicated time, municipal governments are important and often not given much thought. Perhaps it’s because most people don’t understand how municipal governments work. So, I wrote this article to shed some light on the subject by sorting out the role of our local government in comparison to other levels of government. I will also discuss the importance of municipal councils from my prospective. First of all, there are three levels of government: federal, provincial and municipal. In general terms, the federal government is responsible for things of national interest, such as national defense, banking and currency, foreign affairs and criminal law. The federal government supports municipalities through such things as infrastructure funding (usually one third of project costs) and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in areas without local police departments. The federal government is able to set out regulations for municipalities for such things as water and wastewater (remember Walkerton?). These regulations have to be complied with, regardless of the municipality’s ability to pay for their portion of the upgrades. We have 24 members of parliament (MPs) who represent the interests of Nova Scotians at the national level. In contrast, at the provincial level, there are 51 members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs), who are responsible for healthcare, roads and education, among other things. The province also provides funding opportunities for certain projects (usually one third). What does that leave for the local level of government? Municipalities are responsible for property taxes, zoning, public utilities and local parks, recreation and culture. Municipal governments are termed “creatures” of the provincial government, meaning the provincial government plays a large role in municipal affairs. The province sets out the roles, responsibilities and guidelines under which municipalities can operate in the Municipal Governance Act (MGA). The MGA gives municipal governments the authority to set by-laws, provide the services aforementioned and to basically develop and maintain safe and viable communities. However, even though municipalities have legitimate authority, the province has the ability to alter municipal governments as they deem fit. The province can force municipalities to amalgamate, change their responsibilities, etc. without the consent of the municipalities involved. Despite the fact municipal governments are responsible for the setting of water and tax rates, land use planning and borrowing money for projects, provincial consent is mandatory. The province transfers money to the municipalities, but it comes with strings attached as to what the money can be used for. The province tends to give the consent, but it holds the final approval. All of this may make it seem like municipal governments have little purpose or responsibility. Not so. Municipal councils make the everyday decisions that impact day-to-day life and tend to be more accessible as many councillors are retired or work locally. They must be residents of the municipality and therefore they live with the same issues as the general population. Therefore they have a better understanding of the impacts decisions have on the community they live in. For instance, councillors generally know what bylaw is required in a particular area. A “one-size-fits-all” approach will not work across the province, so someone sitting in a central office isn’t likely to understand the difference between what’s appropriate for Stewiacke in comparison to downtown Halifax. Councillors also set the budgets and priority lists for local infrastructure projects. Contrary to the One NS, or Ivany Report as it’s often referred to, I believe local government is more important than ever. Local government is the closest form of government to true democracy, in that residents have a greater opportunity to shape their communities through their council members than through their MLA or MP by shear proportional representation alone (except perhaps in HRM or CBRM). It’s also generally much easier to become a council member than an MLA or MP. Not only do municipal governments work for the betterment of their own communities, they have strength in numbers by becoming members of the Union of Nova Scotia Municipalities (UNSM) to lobby the provincial government for better “deals” for the municipalities as a whole. Municipalities in Nova Scotia also belong to the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM), which lobbies the federal government for better deals across the country. These unions are important in making sure the residents’ voices are heard at the two other levels. So why should we recognize local governments? Municipal council members care, are directly involved and usually are local community leaders who tend to be found at local events with their sleeves rolled up, flipping pancakes or manning the rides. We care. We want the most for our communities. We give up many hours of our free time and family time to help where needed. We make important decisions with the best intent. We try our best. I don’t believe any of us get involved for accolades and would brush them off if offered. However, I do believe the general public may want to stop for a moment and be thankful that some people are willing to do the “thankless job” of being a politician so that, if for no other reason, you don’t have to. To my fellow municipal leaders, I offer you my sincere appreciation for all you do. And to everyone in our great community, have a wonderful week. Wendy Robinson has served as mayor of Stewiacke since October 2012. Share story: Local, trusted news matters now more than ever. So does your support. 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How quickly can pulse change? How quickly can pulse change? Why does my heart rate change so quickly? How many beats per minute is fast? For adults, a fast heart rate is generally defined as a heart rate over 100 beats per minute. However, what’s considered too fast may also depend on your age and overall health. There are many different types of tachycardia. Their classification is based on their cause and the part of the heart they affect. What affects how fast the heart beats? Myriad factors affect our heart rate, including our age, medical conditions, medications, diet, and fitness level. Today, we’re even more aware of our heart rate, thanks to devices such as smartwatches that can measure every beat during rest and exercise. Why am I so aware of my heart beat? Does water lower heart rate? What can I drink to lower heart rate? How do you calm a racing heart? Why do heart patients drink less water? Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is no longer able to pump oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body efficiently. This causes fluid to build up in your body. Limiting how much you drink and how much salt (sodium) you take in can help prevent these symptoms. Is drinking cold water bad for your heart? Decreases Heart Rate Another reason to avoid drinking chilled water is because it decreases the heart rate. Studies have shown that drinking chilled water not only decreases the heart rate but also stimulates the vagus nerve. The nerve which controls the involuntary functions of the body. What is a ghost heart attack? Can drinking more water help your heart? By staying hydrated – i.e. drinking more water than you are losing – you are helping your heart do its job. A hydrated heart is able to pump blood more easily, allowing the muscles in your body to work even better. What time of day do most heart attacks occur? Ap — The most common time of day for heart attacks is the morning, and now new research suggests that morning heart attacks are also the most serious. Heart attacks occurring between 6 a.m. and noon were associated with the most the damage in the study, reported Wednesday in the journal Heart. What drinks are good for your heart? Aside from plain water, the healthiest choices are unsweetened tea, coffee, and flavored waters. Is drinking water before bed good for your heart? Drinking water before bed helps level out your blood throughout your body to prevent heart attacks throughout the night and the early hours of the morning. Along with drinking water to prevent heart attacks, drinking water provides you with the countless benefits for your body to living a strong and healthy life. Why we should not drink water at night?
How to Treat Sport Injuries Naturally Sports injuries can occur quickly in a distracted moment, resulting in strains and bruising. Dr. Frank Meyer, a general physician and expert on holistic medicine, explains how we can treat such injuries naturally. Common sports-related injuries include strains and bruising. What happens to our muscles in such cases? Dr. Frank Meyer: Strains are caused by the sudden, violent overstretching of our muscles, tendons or ligaments. This is usually quite painful. A strain can cause damage to the muscle tissue, causing it to swell in response. With a strain, however, there are no visible ruptures, in contrast to tears of muscle fibres or fascicles (bundles of muscle fibres). Bruising or contusions results from force occurring from the outside in, for example by a direct blow or the impact made upon falling. In the case of a strain or bruise, when is it advisable to see a doctor? Dr. Frank Meyer: Such injuries should first be treated using physical measures such as cooling, elevation of the injured body part and compression, using a bandage as well as the application and ingestion of arnica preparations. You should be examined by an experienced practitioner or orthopaedist if the pain does not recede within several hours following this initial treatment. You should also see a doctor if you cannot place your weight on the affected body part, if you must limp instead of walking properly, if you can feel dents or bulges in the muscles or if there is visible bruising. Any injuries to the abdomen, chest and skull must be medically examined. Enjoy sports, yoga or workouts muscle soreness how can we treat or prevent it We sometimes experience muscle soreness after sports. How can we treat this or prevent it altogether? Dr. Frank Meyer: Muscles become sore after sports due to transient metabolic disturbances in the muscle as well as hairline tears in the muscle fibres. Muscle soreness stimulates our body’s natural healing processes, which not only repair our muscles, but also strengthen them and adapt them to increasing demands. People who regularly exercise their muscles encourage an ongoing, lively, healthy process of conversion, which is naturally accompanied by slight soreness. But if muscle soreness lasts longer than two to three days, or if it impairs mobility, I recommend optimising the metabolism by ensuring an adequate intake of fluids and wholesome, fresh vegetables that are rich in minerals. Moreover, in contrast to acute injuries, it is not cooling but heat that is called for. What can help after sports, for example, is taking a warm shower, followed by gently massaging Arnica Massage Oil into the damp skin. Warming teas with ginger, for example, along with gentle stretching exercises after sports also stimulate our muscle metabolism Arnica montana its healing properties make it a prized ingredient in Weleda products Which of arnica’s special properties make it a good medicinal plant for the treatment of blunt injuries? Dr. Frank Meyer: Arnica reduces inflammation and swelling, which helps to relieve pain. These properties come into effect when arnica is applied externally, for instance as a damp compress with diluted arnica essence, or as a gel or ointment. We also benefit from arnica by ingesting it, as globuli in the homeopathic potency of D6. This special preparation is prepared from the whole arnica plant and is based on the principles of Anthroposophic Medicine. a warm shower, followed by gently massaging arnica massage oil into damp skin can prevent muscles soreness Weleda offers Arnica Weleda Muscular Relief Gel as well as Arnica Cream. What is the difference between the two medicines and when should they be used ? Dr. Frank Meyer: For fresh injuries, the cooling gel is more suitable than the cream, as it acts like a cooling compress containing diluted arnica essence. In all other cases and for long-term application, such as in the case of stubborn bruising or muscle tears, I usually prescribe the cream. Both formulations – the gel and the cream – should be applied three to five times daily on the affected regions – the more acute the symptoms, the more frequently they should be applied. Dr. Frank Meyer General Physician Dr. Mayer is specialised in Anthroposophic Medicine and is an expert on Holistic Medicine. He lives and works in Nuremberg, Germany.
The definition of the expression "stay gold" in The Outsiders alludes to the city "Nothing Gold have the right to Stay" by Robert Frost, which speaks of the importance of retaining one"s childlike innocence and also optimism in a cold, unforgiving world. In the poem, gold is Nature"s "hardest hue come hold" and refers to the at an early stage leaves in spring, which are only beautiful for a quick time. Johnny supplies the analogy in the city to encourage Ponyboy to continue to be sensitive, pure, and also innocent. You are watching: What does it mean to stay gold Who space the experts?Our certified Educators are genuine professors, teachers, and scholars who usage their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. Educators go v a rigorous applications process, and every answer they submit is the evaluation by our in-house editorial team. Professional Writer, expert Researcher B.A. From Swarthmore university M.B.A. From brand-new York University Educator due to the fact that 2019 981 answers to "stay gold" way to stay unspoiled, pure, and also fresh. The heat is something that Johnny speak Ponyboy as Johnny is dying. Johnny recalls a well known Robert Frost poem that Ponyboy recited come him when the two were in hiding after your fight with the Socs. The step in which... To "stay gold" means to stay unspoiled, pure, and fresh. The line is something the Johnny tells Ponyboy as Johnny is dying. Johnny recalls a famed Robert Frost poem that Ponyboy recited to him as soon as the 2 were in hiding after your fight through the Socs. The step in i beg your pardon Johnny first hears the poem reveals that Johnny has much more depth than we have actually seen previously. The reader currently knows that Ponyboy is academic and sensitive, through an intuitive understanding around the people around him. Therefore, the is not surprising the he marvels at the beauty, beauty of nature together he the town hall the sunrise. We have actually seen this next of Ponyboy before, once he and Cherry watch the moon and he thinks about how global it is. See more: C&Amp;C The First Decade - C Programming Language, 2Nd Edition However, we get a brand-new side the Johnny in the scene, as he is same impressed by sunrise. That says, "Golly … that certain was quite … The mist was what was pretty … every gold and also silver." He speak Ponyboy, "I never noticed colors and also clouds and stuff until you preserved reminding me around them. It seems favor they were never there before." At the vision of the sunrise, Ponyboy recalls the Robert Frost poem, which the recites come Johnny. Johnny is impressed. Later, in the hospital, just prior to he dies, he tells Ponyboy come "stay gold," which argues that that understands the definition of the line in the poem, "Nothing gold have the right to stay." His reference to this line describes the brief and ephemeral phase of young adulthood as soon as a person has actually their whole life ahead of them.
Connect with us Hi, what are you looking for? Radical New Flow Battery: Look Ma, No Membrane! A team of researchers at MIT has come up with a membrane-free flow battery, and that could mean that the solar powered future we’ve been looking forward to is even closer than we thought. Flow batteries have a huge advantage when it comes to utility-scale energy storage, especially for intermittent sources like solar power and wind, too, for that matter. The problem has been that conventional flow batteries work by separating two streams of liquid (hence, “flow”) with a membrane, and coming up with an efficient but cost-effective membrane has been one of the obstacles to engineering a commercially viable system. A Membrane Free Flow Battery The MIT flow battery solution is elegantly simple: get rid of the membrane! Now, that’s been tried before with mixed results, but the MIT team seems to be on to something. So far, their palm-sized prototypes have achieved a power density significantly higher than other membrane-less designs, and “an order of magnitude” beyond lithium-ion batteries. To understand how it works, let’s have a brief recap of basic flow battery technology. The idea is to pump a solution of metal ions dissolved in an electrolyte through an electrochemical cell, in which another liquid awaits. Separated by a membrane, the two liquids exchange ions to create an electric current. The advantages almost hit you over the head. Aside from the membrane, almost the entire system consists of tanks and pumps, which means that you have the potential for an extremely low maintenance, long-lifespan piece of equipment that can be scaled up with a few relatively simple engineering tweaks. In addition, flow batteries can sit idle indefinitely and be called into action quickly when needed. MIT membraneless flow battery uses bromine. Bromine by fdecomite. As described by MIT writer Jennifer Chu, a hydrogen-bromine combination is potentially ideal for flow batteries, since both are relatively cheap and abundant. However, hydrobomic acid likes to munch on membranes, which severely curtails the battery’s lifespan. To get rid of the membrane, the MIT team relied on a form of parallel flow called laminar flow, in which two liquids stay on their respective courses with little mixing, even though no separating membrane is present. Basically, the new battery was engineered with a slim channel between two electrodes. As Chu explains: At room temperature, the battery achieved a maximum power density of 0.795 watts of stored energy per square centimeter. That puts the device on track for the golden $100 per kilowatt-hour mark, which is the goal set by the U.S. Department of Energy for commercially viable, utility-scale advanced battery storage. MIT Is Not The Only Member Of The Membrane Free Club The membrane free flow battery thing is becoming a bit of a horse race, since a team at Stanford University has come up with an alternate approach, using a single stream of liquid (a lithium polysulfide solution) making contact with a piece of lithium metal. The Stanford team has been working with the Department of Energy’s SLAC National Acelerator Laboratory on the project, which coincidentally has also resulted in a palm-sized prototype. Meanwhile, over at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, a company called UniEnergy Technologies has been working with federal researchers to develop a flow battery that packs more energy into a smaller system, based on vanadium ions and hydrochloric acid. Follow me on Twitter and Google+. Written By You May Also Like Energy storage has been the proposed solution to the renewable energy intermittency problem (or opportunity, depending on your perspective). Increasingly, it has become a... Flow, or vanadium, batteries have shown promising potential for grid-level energy storage. Clean Power The Intertubes are practically on fire with news that the Biden administration is putting up $3 billion in funding for a new offshore wind... Climate Change En-ROADS from MIT and Ventana Systems is an interactive climate science tool that lets anyone explore how making changes to the environment can help...
Wiki Code Tutorials Featured Tutorial: Dynamic Arrays Featured Tutorial: Operator Overloads, Make Your Own UE4 C++ Operators! Thanks for all the effort you put in. This one helped me to understand the basics a lot more ! thanks. Keep it up. Yay I am glad you enjoyed my Entry Level C++ Guide! [FONT=Comic Sans MS]New Tutorial! Algorithm Analysis: Create Directory Recursively This function ensures that all required directories are created in order to make the correct subdirectory! [FONT=Comic Sans MS]Featured Tutorial: Traces / Ray Casts Trace Functions For You [FONT=Comic Sans MS]My First Ever Slate Tutorial! Edit Text Box, Custom Rendering, Use Any True Type Font A new, community-hosted Unreal Engine Wiki - Announcements and Releases - Unreal Engine Forums,Custom_Rendering%26_Any_TrueTypeFont Special features of my code: 1. Set the default font of the Edit Text to use any True Type Font that you prefer! 2. Easy function to change what True Type Font is being used, during runtime. 3. Completely customize the actual display of the text that the user is entering, using any alternative text rendering setup that you prefer. 4. Easy way to show / hide the Edit Text caret (the blinking vertical bar) 5. Copy / Paste text to and from the OS clipboard! Bump, see my very first Slate tutorial Above! Slate is awesome! [FONT=Comic Sans MS]50+ Tutorials for You Thanks for this!! You are awesomesauce. Hee hee! Just doing some peer reviewing and one recommendation I would make is perhaps you should explain more why you do certain things rather then just “telling” readers to do things . Example in the Templates tutorial you don’t explain why Templates are required to be declared in the header. I assume these are targeted at beginner programmers and they should learn why as well and just not the how. I have to agree with you on that one Agentleo. i’d like to know more about what or why something is someway so I can understand it better other than just simply plug a into b and wham you have a light. I mean you don’t have to explain electricity but at least put out there how it works in some form. Actually the reason I dont explain a lot of C++ stuff is because you have the whole world available to you on the matter of strict C++. You can google c++ templates .cpp and get the info you want! My tutorials introduce the topic, but google can tell you everything I didn’t explain :slight_smile: If you have strict C++ questions, google can tell you anything you want to know about one of the most dominant programming languages in the world! ex 2: (awesome link ) This was not the case with Unrealscript, but welcome to the reason why C++ is now the primary programming language we are all enjoying in UE4! (Thank You Epic!) If you cant find the answer to a question do let us all know here in the forums! After reading my above comment, do you have questions specific to UE4 C++ that you have not found answers to? Always check google first as it might be a strict C++ question :slight_smile: [FONT=Comic Sans MS]Procedural Mesh Tutorial This one is not by me, but it’s absolutely amazing so I had to post it :slight_smile: Great Work Dmacesic! The point that the information is available on web really isn’t valid. At the least you could add an additional information section. I just believe if your audience is beginner C++ programmers you need to educate them more on the CS aspect of things. If I wanted to be just down right knit picky I would comment on you not just using T rather than yourtemplatetype or not discuss using typename v class. :slight_smile: Would you stop badgering me? I do what I can for the community given my time constraints and the fact that I am not paid to do any of this. Consider being grateful for what you are given and using your own creativity and resources to take the ideas I introduce to the next level. A little kindness for all my efforts would not hurt either You seem quite accustomed to taking and wanting more, have you considered giving back and offering something wonderful and amazing of your own that you truly enjoy? PS: if you really are needing help with something, read this quote from Epic Dev Stephen Ellis [FONT=Comic Sans MS]Featured Tutorial How to Draw 3D Points and Lines and Spheres to help visualize your algorithm in action! Nice tutorials :smiley: Keep up the good work! <3 much love and thanks for your hard work on the tutorials Rama! Hope to get started pretty soon and am even considering doing my specialisation within UE4 now Hee hee! Very nice to hear from you both!
Skip to Main Content FYSEM 110LG: Slang: Community/Power/Language Generating Keywords Often when doing research you’ll begin with a question or a topic and need to figure out how to translate that into keywords - search terms - that can be entered into a research database. Choosing keywords that will get you relevant search results is more of a craft than an exact science, but here are some tips: • If you are starting from a research question or topic, often you can pick some terms out of the question or topic itself. • If you already have one article, chapter, or book on your topic, you can scan* that text for keywords, names of people who have expertise on that topic, or even references to other works on your topic. • Check a reference work like Wikipedia or Oxford Reference Online to help you better understand the topic and find more terms that describe it. • Use a thesaurus like to find synonyms for terms that describe the topic. • When you do begin searching in a database like Discover, whenever you find a relevant result, check to see what terms (sometimes called subject headings, descriptors, or keywords) the database uses to describe that result. You can reuse these in a new search to see if they find additional relevant results. • If you find you’re getting too many results, try narrowing your search by adding an additional term (or terms) to it that defines your topic more specifically. • If you find you’re getting too few results, try broadening your search by using search terms that define your topic more loosely or generally. Keep in mind that you don't necessarily have to try all of these techniques with every search! Sometimes one or two will work and you can stop when you've found the information that you need. What is scanning? Scanning is looking for specific information in a text rather than reading every word. How to tell if a search result is relevant to your topic Do you have to read every article or book you find to determine if it's relevant to your research topic? No! Here are some techniques to try instead: • When viewing search results in a database, click into the full record for a result to view more descriptive information about it. Sometimes the full record will include an abstract (summary) that will give you a better idea of what the article or book is about. • If the database record doesn't include a summary but a result's title still looks promising, get the article or book and skim it to see if it's really relevant to your topic. *What is skimming? Skimming is reading for the main idea of a text. Rather than reading an entire article all the way through, read the abstract (if it has one), the introduction or first few paragraphs to get an idea of the main purpose or argument of the paper, and the conclusion. For a book you would read the table of contents and check the index to find any chapters or sections relevant to your research, read the introduction to get an overview of the main purpose or argument of the book, and read the final chapter for any conclusions. MHC Accessibility Barriers Form
Why the Terms CE and BCE Replaced AD and BC, and Why Jews Care About It https://mosaicmagazine.com/observation/history-ideas/2017/12/why-the-terms-ce-and-bce-replaced-ad-and-bc-and-why-jews-care-about-it/ It’s not why you think. December 20, 2017 \| Philologos The German astronomer Johannes Kepler, who used the term “Vulgar Era.” Wikipedia. Got a question for Philologos? Ask him directly at [email protected]. Welcome to Mosaic Register Already a subscriber? Sign in now
Is defused a word? Asked by: Damaris DuBuque Score: 4.7/5 (5 votes) verb (used without object), de·fused, de·fus·ing. to grow less dangerous; weaken. View full answer Herein, What is meaning of defused? transitive verb. 1 : to remove the fuse from (a mine, a bomb. etc.) 2 : to make less harmful, potent, or tense defuse a crisis. Then, Is it defuse or diffuse?. In summary: Diffuse is both a verb and an adjective, and refers to the spreading of something, or making it less concentrated. Defuse functions only as a verb and means "to remove the fuse from something." Furthermore, Is it defuse tension or diffuse tension? If you're unsure which to use, go for "defuse tension." It is far more common, and it's likely that some of your readers will think "diffuse tension" is an error. Do not use "diffused" as an adjective. "Diffused" is the past tense or the past participle of the verb "diffuse." For example: It is a diffused facility. What is a bated? transitive verb. 1 : to reduce the force or intensity of : restrain waited with bated breath. 45 related questions found What is bated breath? What does Bate mean in slang? / (beɪt) / noun. British slang a bad temper or rage. What defused the situation? defuse (something) To settle, calm, or make less dangerous an extremely tense, hostile, or volatile situation. Likened to removing the fuse from or otherwise disabling a bomb. The shouting match between the two employees was getting increasingly aggressive, so the boss was brought in to defuse the situation. How do you defuse tension? So here are some small things you can try to diffuse conflict when someone is angry at you, according to experts. 1. Have Open Body Language. ... 2. Address The Other Person's Concerns. ... 3. Make An Approach, Don't Confront. ... 4. Practice Active Listening. ... 5. Use "I" Statements. ... 6. Use Conflict As A Growth Tool And Own Up To Your Mistakes. Whats the difference between every day and everyday? Everyday, one word, is an adjective meaning "used or seen daily," or "ordinary." "The phone calls were an everyday occurrence." Every day, two words, is an adverb phrase meaning "daily" or "every weekday." "They go to the coffee shop every day." One trick to remember which is which is to see if you can put another word ... How do you use defuse? Using Defuse in a Sentence You can also use it to describe making any situation calmer or less dangerous. For example, When the two girls realized they were wearing the same dress, they decided to defuse the awkward situation by joking about it rather than becoming angry and fighting about it. What's it called when you turn off a bomb? intransitive verb. : to explode with sudden violence. transitive verb. 1 : to cause to detonate detonate a bomb — compare deflagrate. What does it mean to diffuse the situation? verb. If you defuse a dangerous or tense situation, you calm it. What is mean by reduce? How do you defuse a difficult situation? Three Leadership Steps to Defuse Tense Situations 1. Step 1: Empathize. Listen, and then show that you've heard by recapping how it looks from the team members' point of view. ... 2. Step 2: Offer support. Demonstrate commitment to lending a helping hand if the situation gets worse. ... 3. Step 3: Invoke higher principles. How do you resolve tension at work? 1. Address It Directly. When conflict arises, you need to raise the issue with the parties involved. ... 2. Listen to Both Sides. ... 3. Bring Both (All) Parties Together. ... 4. Find Common Ground. ... 5. Encourage Compromise. ... 6. Confront Negative Feelings. ... 7. Be Positive. How do you break the tension at work? 8 ways to break up with workplace stress 1. Schedule short walking breaks. ... 2. Make time for a weekly lunch with friends. ... 3. Keep moving. ... 4. Snack smart. ... 5. Clear the clutter. ... 6. Make time to sleep. ... 7. Re-prioritize. ... 8. Schedule uninterrupted work time. What is a bait girl? Bait Girl definition, Bait Girl meaning \| English dictionary What is a Roadman in slang? UK slang. someone, usually a young man, who spends a lot of time on the streets and may use or sell drugs, or cause trouble: He thinks he's some kind of roadman. Who said bated breath? The phrase 'bated breath' seems to have been used by William Shakespeare for the first time in his play 'The Merchant of Venice' in 1596. The major character, Shylock says; “Shall I bend low and in a bondman's key, With bated breath and whispering humbleness.” Why is it called bated breath? You'll breathe easier once you master this frequently misused phrase. Bated breath first appeared in Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice in 1605. Using a shortened form of abated, which means "stopped or reduced," the phrase refers to people holding their breath in excitement or fear as they wait to see what happens next. How do you use bated breath? What does Appositeness mean? : highly pertinent or appropriate : apt apposite remarks apposite examples. Who detonated the first hydrogen bomb?
Topic: BusinessDecision Making Last updated: April 12, 2019 Morality is vital for every individual. It is the foundation of one’s personality and personal decisions in life. Adolescence is the stage of life where most issues of morality arise. The basis of morality among teenagers springs from their beliefs, culture, religion, and social influences. There are many influential factors that influence teenagers to deviate from the usual moral standards, including peer pressure. There are also instances when innovation and technology play a great role in moral absence among teenagers. These factors make them forget what is moral and ethical. Thus, it is highly important to determine what is right or wrong in order to fully understand the concept of morality among teenagers. Hence, this paper aims to discuss the moral absence phenomenon of the teenagers when it comes to network morality, sexual morality, social morality, citizen consciousness, and teenager crime. Making decisions are considerably tough for individuals who are in their teenage years. Every decision made will contribute to their personality and will have an effect in their adulthood.Wicked Youth: Thinking of the Moral Absence of Teenagers Introduction. Morality is defined in many ways by different philosophers across the world. However, the personal concept of morality varies from person to person, and is based on decisions and influences in the lives of individuals. Adolescence, being the stage of formation among individuals, requires great focus in terms of morality. Absence of one’s morality causes damage to the personality formation and the whole aspect of one’s individuality. Hence, morality is a vital issue because it deals with the goodness of a person and the correctness of behavior. In this fast changing world, the concept of morality has been changed overtime.In the lives of teenagers, moral absence is an issue that should not be taken for granted. There are causes and effects of this moral dilemma. Factors that contribute to personality change among teenagers can be traced from family upbringing to environmental and technological factors. Being exposed to immoral activities will certainly make teenagers adopt an inappropriate way of living. As a result, not only do these immoral actions affect the teenagers involved, the people around them will also put at risk, as well as the society where they live.One of the moral issues today involves today’s technological advancements. This concern is referred to as network morality. At present, the youth are privileged to have access to the World Wide Web and other innovated media. Such advantage is often abused by teenagers and causes them to neglect the concept of morality. Sex is another concern where the issue of morality surfaces. Sex morality is one of the most serious problems among teenagers in society today. Nowadays, the absence of sex morality has become a common occurrence, as individuals at a younger age abuse sex and happily experiment with sexual activities.Such immoral practice could cause them to acquire AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Moral concerns that involve society fall under social morality, which is based on history. The personality of teenagers, as well as their behavior and actions, are shaped by their cultural history and traditions. These traditions are deeply rooted in a society’s perception of morality. However, many teenagers today choose to go against these traditions. There are instances when freedom is abused by teenagers, abandoning their traditions in the process. This deviation negatively influences other people in the society. Citizen consciousness is another moral issue that is developed during the stage of adolescence. This is because everyone should be responsible in following the rules and regulations which should be carried over until maturity and adulthood. As young citizens of the society, teenagers are expected to demonstrate behaviors in accordance to what is legal and moral. However, many of today’s teenagers develop moral absence in terms of citizen consciousness. There are times when teenagers choose to go against the law, including driving without a license and drinking alcohol when they have not yet reached the legal age.The consequences of these actions will make teenagers lose their sense of responsibility and moral character. Juvenile delinquency and teenage crime are also behaviors that typify moral absence. There are many contributing factors that will make a teenager turn to juvenile delinquency, such as economic, social, cultural, and individual factors. Teenage crimes are often linked to parents who neglect providing proper guidance to their children. Juvenile delinquency can go as far as serious crimes such as drug addiction and robbery, among others. Moral absence among teenagers is caused by many factors.These contributing factors may include the way they were raised by their families, the kind of friends they hang out with, and the type of environment where they grew up. The absence of morality among teenagers should be addressed in the best means possible. There are many solutions available to bring back the moral of teenagers. It is never too late to expose them to the correct behavior and the right attitude founded in moral principles. Defining Morality Morality is an ambiguous term which can be defined in two ways: descriptive and normative.Gert (2008) attempted to provide a descriptive definition of morality: “Morality is often distinguished from etiquette, law, and religion, all of which are, or involve, codes of conduct put forward by a society. ” This is in contrast to a normative definition of morality that Gert (2008) sought to clarify: “a code of conduct that, given specified conditions, would be put forward by all rational persons” (Gert, 2008). By examining the two given definitions of morality, there are essential features present in the original descriptive definition but are not present in the normative definition. The commonality of the descriptive and normative definition of morality is the notion that guides individuals to good behavior and how to avoid inflicting harm to other people (Gert, 2008). Ethics and morality go relatively hand in hand. Being ethical is often related to being moral. This is because ethics is used to study the systematized moral domain of a person. Individuals have their own sets of ethical and moral principles which are developed overtime. These sets of moral conduct and behavior are manifested according to culture, religion, belief and norms.Most rules of morality are based on universal laws favored by the majority. Nevertheless, one’s definition of morality differs in terms of culture, religion, profession, and community. Hence, although all moral codes are subject to various cultures, there are also values that can be found in every culture. These are moral facts that are linked to clear standards of ethical behavior (James, 2006). There also exists a deep connection between religion and society’s concept of morality (James, 2006). Various religious beliefs hinder an person from doing things that will cause harm to others.There are divine laws set by a certain religion in order not to violate one’s autonomy to do things according to their own free will (James, 2006). Morality is an issue of significant importance to everyone in society (Kidder, 2003). It effectively makes people do good things and decide based on ethical principles that will generate greater happiness for all. Due to these principles of morality, making decisions in life becomes difficult for most people. This is because balancing the concept of right and wrong is extremely important for every outcome of the decisions that they make (Kidder, 2003). According to Kidder (2003), people face tough decisions everyday. The issue here is to choose the most important thing that will favor most people. The right way to assess this is by determining the morality and value of one’s decision. Kidder (2003) emphasized this point in his article: “sound values raise tough choices and tough choices are never easy” (p. 14). Morality and Adolescence As an individual grows, development takes place. It is a continuous process affecting every aspect of life. Most psychologists describe this change as part of humans’ belongingness and coping up with others (Atkinson, 1993).Development is not only evident on the physical aspect; it can also be traced on the ways by which individuals attempt to socialize with others and at the same time act based on moral principles. Adolescence is the transition stage from childhood to adulthood (Jones & Meyer, 2007). Adolescence is the stage of life where most teenagers experience changes which affect their personality. These changes in their interests and attitudes which take place may either resolve problems or may result in conflicting issues (Jones & Meyer, 2007).The social and personality development of teenagers occurs during adolescence and guides them to maturity (Atkinson, 1993). The sociocultural theory by Lev Vygotsky explains how “growing up individuals in different societies acquire different skills” (Thomson, 2005). Parents and teachers also play a great role in shaping the personality of adolescents (Thomson, 2005). This is also the stage of life wherein teenagers seek to conduct some experimentation and engage in new habits and passions (Lewis, 2008). During this stage, values are also received by individuals from their surroundings.These values are highly important in their personal growth; it is the foundation of their concept of morality (Thomson, 2005). Some teenagers have qualities and behavioral patterns that often clash with values and traditional norms. Teenagers are often impulsive, moody, aggressive, and careless (Pickrell, 2006). Boys who are in this stage are often seen to have behavioral problems. They often go against authority and blame other people for their misdeeds. On the other hand, girls are frequently observed to have emotional problems and stress related issues. They are also prone to nurture suicidal tendencies and use drugs (Pickrell, 2006).During the adolescence phase, the need for peers arises, as teenagers feel the desire to enjoy doing activities both inside and outside the classroom. Some of them are inclined to be afraid of being left behind by their peers. As a result, they are forced to risk themselves and take part in activities that their friends engage in, even if it these activities illegal and immoral. Such activities include binging in alcohol, using illegal drugs, browsing pornographic websites, driving while under the influence of any substance, driving without a license, and committing teenage crime, to name a few.Choosing to neglect the moral constraints of their actions, their curiosity causes them to give in to their peers’ invitation. Causes and Effects of Moral Absence among Teenagers There are studies showing how the functioning of the brain affects the behavior of a person. From here, one can infer that moral absence is not only caused by social factors; biological factors play a part in this phenomenon as well (Pickrell, 2006). Increasing the connectivity in the brain of teenagers makes it hard for them to decide immediately and be sensitive with the feelings of others.Another biological factor is the excretion of hormones which can also be the reason for moral absence. Teens have irregular production of hormones which affects their mood. This causes the brain to delay maturity and may lead the teenagers to make harsh decisions (Lewis, 2008). Encouraging teenagers to be morally attentive and ethically inclined is really hard because of the society’s situation nowadays. The prevalence of corruption and crime can make them believe that these activities are not in any way wrong, causing them to stray from moral acts.Commanding them to be law-abiding citizens is also one great challenge because a lot of adults do not manifest obedience to the laws that are imposed (Lewis, 2008). Poor communication between parent and child will also lead to moral absence. Parents should be responsible enough to teach the right behavior to their children. Unfortunately, many parents who are expected to guide their children are busy doing their jobs and leave the responsibility of taking care of their children to nannies (DeBord, 1999). As a result, teenagers use rebellion as a way of getting their parents attention to address their concern that money alone is not enough to show their care. A lot of parents do not realize the importance of instilling values to their children (DeBord, 1999). Some movies, advertisements, television programs, and video games also cause teenagers to be immoral. This is because of the content of the aforementioned materials that prompt the younger ones to do things which are not right. Negative effects of these media-related materials include teenage violence and crime. Vulgarity is also present in various media, specifically those that promote sex, which, in effect, later on result in teenage pregnancy, sexual abuse, and abortion (Lewis, 2008). The stage of adolescence is the hardest part to convince people that what they are doing is immoral, reckless and detrimental for them (Drake, n. d. ). This is because teenagers are not contented with the lessons given to them by their parents and teachers. They wanted to try things for themselves and prove the world that they can do things their way. Moral absence is a conflict faced by majority of teenagers. It is their choice that determines the outcome of their action and the concept of right versus wrong (Kidder, 2003). Introspection is needed before making any decisions because it is not only the teenagers who are at risk because of moral absence. Their families and the society as a whole are also affected by their immoral actions. The following discusses moral absence phenomenon among teenagers: Network Morality The youth of today are privileged to have access to the Internet and other innovated media. However, this privilege is often abused by teenagers, causing them to ignore the fact that their action is wrong. At present, there are many websites which encourage teenagers to participate in activities that go against the concept of what is moral and ethical. Many of these websites contain pornographic materials which negatively influence the teenagers. In an on line article written by Hamill (2008), internet pornography is mentioned as one of the factors also that lead teenagers to lose their virginity at a very young age. This is because the curious teenagers are more likely to imitate what they see on the web in order to experience what they have seen for themselves (Hamill, 2008). Meanwhile, lack of sex education in schools also causes teenagers to make websites their alternative source of information regarding sexual activities and issues (Hamill, 2008). Exposure of teenagers to internet pornography also increases the rate of pregnancies (Hamill, 2008). Enticing them through pornographic materials will really increase their curiosity and sexual desire that may lead to rise in the number of teenage pregnancies (Hamill, 2008). Most cases of genital diseases and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) occur as teenagers emulate what is seen on pornographic websites.These harmful materials on the internet also changes behavior of teens and destroy their morality to the extreme (Hamill, 2008). To stress his point, Hamill (2008) stated that “the internet is where you get the most extreme stuff, sometimes live and in action, and it serves to normalize abusive acts. ” Male teenagers are more involved in network morality issues than females. This is because young male are more exposed to such technology, and there are more websites designed to gratify the male preferences. Seeking out and engaging in sex is also one way to prove masculinity for some teenagers.Morality is at stake because of these immoral materials over the Internet. These amoral materials do not only pertain to pornographic websites, but also to websites containing violent information. In some cases, there are network scams that victimize other people, most specifically teenagers who are innocent and incapable of fighting back. Sex Morality The battle versus sexual immorality is really tough at present. Majority of teenagers engage in pre-marital sex and other sexual perversions. Abominable practice is defended by teenagers who practice liberalism.This is a clear disobedience of the rules of various religious since sex is considered to be sacred and should only be done after marriage. As a result, purity has lost its significance because sex is now made available anytime. To explain the reason behind this, Abrams (2004) stated, “The flesh is always drawn to forbidden things than it desires for the things that are righteous” (p. 201). Sex can be seen anywhere, whether implicitly or explicitly. It is visible in advertisements, movies, and television shows. It can also be heard in song’s lyrics and written in erotic novels.Sexual materials are also being sold to minors. These materials have become the means for teenagers who practice casual sex encounters to accept the absence of morality in their actions, leading them to think that these actions are as not immoral. Sex is now considered a fad that should be done over and over. When teenagers have never had a chance to gain experience in sex, they become be the laughing stock of their peers. Some cases of sexual immorality are against the will of teenagers. Consequently, peer pressure drives them to do things which are immoral and unethical (DeBord, 1999).Sexual encounter is part of human nature. However, in the case of teenagers, it is not encouraged to practice having sex at such a young age. Although there are experiences during puberty like wet dreams and menstruation that serve as the readiness of an individual to perform sexual activities, these are part of the natural process of growing up. These signs of physical maturity should not be interpreted as a preparatory signal to start engaging in sex. Because of moral absence in sex, rape has become a common activity for juveniles.Although it is not surprising, it is still frustrating to know that there are teenagers who are no longer virgin at a very young age. Innocence is no longer valued because they are in a hurry to grow up and mature. Sexual morality should be taught at a very young age to avoid any sexual misconduct during adolescence. Renewing their faith and getting themselves involved in spiritual activities will certainly help teenagers avoid the temptations of earthly desires. Having a clear conscience will guarantee one a peaceful life that is free from guilt and burden from the past (White, 1996). Social Morality Social morality is based on history. The personality of teenagers is often founded from the kind of living passed on from one generation to another. There are instances when freedom is abused by teenagers that made them lose tradition. Because of their disobedience, the moral absence in their actions has led them to influence other people in the society. Social morality bridges the gap among culture because of respect to diversity of beliefs. Social morality is rooted not only from the society but also within the family history. It involves being raised by his/her family and how sympathy is applied as a means of relating with others. The aim of social morality is to foster harmony among people and be passionate in promoting patriotism (Drake, n. d. ). However, personal morality is attributed to social morality. One cannot be moral towards other people without having his/her own sets of moral and ethical principles. Moral absence depends on situational context. Teenagers tend to view social morality issues as something natural which for them can either be followed or disobeyed.The effects of their act often make them engage in things that really cause resentment in the end. For instance, social immorality often leads teenagers to misconducts which they sooner regret. Since social morality is achieved through imitation, the youth of today have to decide for themselves which should be followed (Drake, n. d. ). With social issues like homosexual relationship, pre-marital sex, using of contraceptives and same sex marriage that are not fully accepted by the society, some teenagers decide to follow the latest trends just to fit in and be accepted by their peers.Sexual morality has an atrocious effect to social morality. This is made through imitation or through discrimination. Teenagers are easily influenced by what is ongoing around them, such as having sex at a young age or using contraceptives to avoid being pregnant. It is not only the personal identity and family that makes up the concept of social morality among teenagers. Morality is also based upon religion and social norms. What makes it confusing is when the time that they mingle with other teenagers from different religion.Apparently, there are activities done in other religion which is morally right for them but is considered wrong by other religion. One example of this is polygamy among Muslims which is not accepted by other religions such as Christianity. Society honors and respects the moral code of other society which, most of the time, put teenagers in a conflicting situation. Laws also make it hard for them to understand why there are things that cannot be done or why it is not yet time to do things that older people can do.Morality and law are exclusive. There are cases that morality cannot always be legislated or the other way around, not all laws are based on morality. Citizen Consciousness Teenage-hood is also the time when individuals feel that the world is against them. They feel deprived of freedom to do activities and the need to decide for themselves. They are not allowed to drink alcohol or drive cars which make them feel trapped in ignorance. Consequently, teenagers feel suffocated and break away from the chains of rules and legalities.Challenging the authority and doing restricted activities will give them more fun and enjoyment. As they desire to become mature as early and fast as possible, they tend to exhibit behavior that can be observed in adults, including vices that are detrimental to the health. These vices include binge-drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes, which they do at first for them to feel more mature, until they become addicted. The stage of adolescence is also the stage of socialization for teenagers. They will choose to spend time with a circle of friends who can stay with them until adulthood.Thus this is also a critical time wherein individuals can be influenced to join gangs and fraternities that partake in activities that are illegal and/or immoral, such as the use of prohibited drugs which bring about psychological problems to teenagers. These illicit drugs may even lead them to death. This problem is generally linked to pressures from peers and self ideologies. Citizen consciousness is formed during the stage of adolescence. This is because everyone should be responsible in following the rules and regulations which should be carried over until maturity and adulthood.As young citizens of the society, teenagers are expected to demonstrate behaviors in accordance to what is legal and moral. However, there some of them develop a sense of immorality or moral absence as they choose to disobey the law instead. Being young and active, teenagers love freedom and want do enjoy every privilege given to them. Consequently, some of them abuse this freedom and privilege, leading to a reduced citizen consciousness. Citizenship consciousness is important in educating people with the rights and responsibilities of the whole nation (Chen ; Reid, 2002).It is a way of encouraging people to do what is right and legal. Citizenship education must be imposed among schools to give teenagers full awareness about current affairs and laws that are newly imposed (Chen ; Reid, 2002). Rules and regulations are set by lawmakers to serve as foundation of moral values and harmony among people in the society. Moral values are guiding principles to avoid a chaotic society (Kidder, 2003). However, laws cannot resolve every single issue alone. There are many theories of intellectual reasoning that often involve personal views about morality.Each person is unique, with a corresponding level of understanding, logic, wisdom and intelligence. Hence, citizenship consciousness demands ethical fitness, human virtues, core values and moral principles in every decision that is made (Kidder, 2003). Thus, personal choices out of moral absence are made when laws and regulations are set aside (Kidder, 2003). These decisions that they made which are not grounded in morality bring about the most severe problems caused by today’s teens: teenage pregnancy, crimes, car accidents, smoking, and substance abuse, among others.For instance, once their mind is affected by drugs that they intake, they will easily forget what is legal from illegal, what is moral from immoral. Such situations will really create great controversies when it comes to moral decision of right and wrong (Kidder, 2003). Teenager Crime Teenage Crime is more commonly known as juvenile delinquency. It is a term used legally to individuals within the age of 14 to 21 years judged under criminal law (Juvenile, 2007). Moral absence makes one a juvenile offender as it covers violations against legality and social norms.The United Nations Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency affirms that: youthful behavior or conduct that does not conform to overall social norms and values is often part of the maturation and growth process and tends to disappear spontaneously in most individuals with the transition to adulthood; a great majority of young people commit some kind of petty offense at some point during their adolescence without this turning into a criminal career in the long term (“The Riyadh Guide,” 1990). Teenagers are affected by many factors when dealing with relationships.They are often aggressive and risky with the things that they do and the people that they interact with. The stage of adolescence is more prone to developing a criminal personality because of lack of proper guidance and values nourishment. It can lead to behavioral problems like delinquent activities and committing crimes. Teenagers who commit crime often forgot everything about right and wrong. Decision making includes an in depth analysis of once action (Kidder, 2003). Moral absence often leads to teenage crime because of impulsiveness.Teenagers often do things because they are busy thinking of the cause of the problem instead of the solutions. Conclusion Moral absence is one of the major problems in teenagers. They are in the stage of life wherein they seek more of themselves and add meaningful experiences to their lives. Moral absence depends on a situational context. If teenagers tend to act against network morality, sexual morality, social morality, and others, and they view their actions as natural, then there is moral absence. In general, every human being has natural moral inclinations such as the ability to decide between right and wrong.Communication plays an important role in every family. It is a tool used to convey love, understanding and support for each other. This is the main key to avoid confusions among teenagers. Poor communication leads to unhappy family relationships like weak emotional bonding, excessive family conflict, and ineffective problem-solving (DeBord, 1999). The decision is up to the teenagers themselves to choose which path to take and what should be done. Families should inculcate a set of moral code to their children and put it into practice.When the basic unit of the society is bound by moral codes of conduct, then it will result in a more advanced nation. There are possibilities of feeling selfish when making decisions on morality. This is because of the motives of one’s action. Personal choices and motives are often the basis of moral decision. When rooted in moral absence, these decisions instigate violations of the laws of the society as a whole. Teenagers can be easily manipulated by other people to do things which are immoral. They are also more prone to temptation because of confusions and curiosity.On the other hand, there are teenagers who are raised according to strong sets of values which has greater control of their actions. Moral values serves as a protection for people to do things that will make or break their lives. There are researches showing that teenagers do not possess the same qualities like adults when it comes to controlling their emotions and actions. Some of them are also generally fickle-minded and do not concentrate in doing what is just. Once concentration is taken for granted and norms have been set aside, teenagers tend to go and decide individually.This will take effect usually on the absence of an adult who should have guided them in doing things and deciding. Adolescents are less mature and have minimal control in their feelings and actions. This is because they are still on the stage of developing their emotions, identity and judgment. As a result, teenagers are usually unable to assume the mistakes of what they do. They are in the state of mind where they wanted to taste and experience everything. There are also major decisions that cannot be given easily to teenagers like voting during national elections and doing medical decisions.Hence, it is up to them to establish their personal moral foundation which will be carried until their maturation. Freedom is given to avoid sufferings. However, moral absence among teenagers arises when teenagers abuse their freedom. The issue of freedom is being used by teenagers to defend the consequences of their actions and why they end up committing immorality. Hence, as a growing and developing individual, teenagers must combine freedom with responsibility and discipline. Moral absence makes one wicked. This is a moral and ethical dilemma that damages relationships and hinders personality growth. Decisions made out of moral absence may result in unfavorable and immoral behavior, such as those that involve network, sex, and social morality, as well as citizen consciousness and teenage crime. There are means and ways to avoid immorality. Support of parents, authority, and the whole community is needed to raise teenagers and make them good and law abiding citizens. The teenagers also need to increase their awareness on laws, cultural norms, and values, as these are essential in learning and accepting moral principles that can guide them to the right path. I'm Erick! Check it out
Often asked: Why Mountain Dew Is Bad? Why is Mountain Dew so bad for you? Why is Mountain Dew banned? How does mt dew affect your body? You might be interested: Often asked: Where Is Rocky Mountain? How bad is Mountain Dew for your teeth? Many studies have associated a high intake of carbonated soft drinks, like Mountain Dew, with increased dental erosion. Carbonated soft drinks are bad for your teeth. Does Mountain Dew damage liver? Can Mountain Dew dissolve a mouse? Does Mountain Dew have antifreeze in it? Is Bvo still in Mountain Dew 2020? You might be interested: FAQ: What Mountain Range Is In South America? Is Mountain Dew toxic? What happens if you only drink water? Is Mountain Dew bad for your heart? The researchers found that people who drank more sugar-sweetened beverages, including soda, were associated with risk of death from heart disease. Compared to people who infrequently drank soda, the people who drank more than two servings a day had a 31% higher risk of death from bad heart health. Is too much Mountain Dew bad for you? There is no such thing as a healthy soda. However, Mountain Dew is the worst type of soda that you can drink. Dentists stated that this beverage causes the teeth to decay at an astonishing rate. In fact, soda can be just as damaging to the teeth as meth2. Does Mountain Dew make your teeth yellow? In addition, Mountain Dew contains citric acid which is a strong acid that can lead to tooth decay. It has the potential to soften the enamel of your teeth and leave them stained and yellow. As your enamel weakens, the bacteria that forms on your teeth may easily reach the inner layers and leave you with cavities. You might be interested: Readers ask: How Long Is The Stone Mountain Laser Show? How do you wean off Mountain Dew? Taper down your intake until drinking none. To do this, you decrease your soda intake slowly and methodically until you’re able to completely quit. It takes longer, but it can help you avoid withdrawal symptoms. Is Diet Mountain Dew bad for your kidneys? Leave a Comment
How to overcome sitting disease - Symbiotic Chair Our society is being plagued with the preventable, sitting disease. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 3.2 million deaths each year are attributable to insufficient physical activity. The lack of physical activity is on the rise due to the fact that we are sitting more than we ever have. By now, you have most likely heard the phrase, “sitting is the new smoking”. As the number of sedentary jobs have increased 83% since 1950, not only are we sitting more at work, but we are also sitting on our commutes, when we eat meals, and during our leisure or relaxing activities. A typical office worker can sit around a total of 15 hours a day! While the phrase, “sitting is the new smoking” has grown in popularity in the past few years, it is not entirely accurate. If you look at our society as a whole, sitting is actually worse than smoking.¹ Dr. James Levine, the director of the Mayo Clinic at Arizona State University Obesity Solutions Initiative explains that “sitting is more dangerous than smoking, kills more people than HIV, and is more treacherous than parachuting.”² It only takes two continuous hours of sitting to see an increase in the risk of suffering from an avoidable, lifestyle disease.¹ ³ “We are sitting ourselves to death” – Dr. James Levine² Not only are we witnessing the harmful effects of sitting on our bodily functions, but also myriad of musculoskeletal pains and injuries. Effects of this sitting disease on our bodies We can look at how this disease affects us, both from a physiological and musculoskeletal standpoint. Physiologically- our bodily functions The most obvious symptom of the sitting disease is obesity. The more we sit, the less energy we expend, and the more fat we store. But this disease goes beyond obesity. It is known to create actual changes in the cellular makeup of our muscles while also causing or increasing the risk of¹ ⁴: ● Diabetes ● Heart disease ○ High blood pressure ○ High cholesterol ● Cancer ● Premature death ● Depression Fundamental changes in biology occur if you sit too long”¹ At the cellular level, the cells that make up our muscles are constantly responding to their environment. If we sit all day and barely contract our muscles, they will adapt to this. Even if you work out for an hour each day, that does not stop the negative effects that come from sitting for 8-10 hours at work. Your muscles are spending the most time in a non-contracted, non-working state. Let’s continue down the cellular path. The changes that our cells go through while sitting too much actually inhibit different genes (located inside of our cells) that break down triglycerides and modulate glucose metabolism. As we sit, our own cells change and genes stop performing the tasks they are supposed to do! When it comes to a decrease in breaking down of triglycerides and a slowing of glucose metabolism, our risk of high cholesterol, heart disease, and diabetes rises.⁵ As we sit, not only do our cells stop doing what they are supposed to be doing, but our body’s normal processes are stalled or stopped completely. Our cells and therefore our muscles stop moving and using fats and sugars and we inevitably store this as excess fat and we see our blood sugar levels and cholesterol numbers start to rise. It does not take much time for these changes to happen. Even after just one day of sitting, someone with overall healthy cholesterol levels can experience a spike high enough to be well within the levels of someone that has heart disease. If one continues with this day after day, without changing their sitting habits, the risk of heart disease and having a heart attack increases.¹ ⁴ Metabolic, lifestyle diseases are not the only thing to be concerned about. Cancer may seem like a shocking symptom of the sitting disease. However, according to the American Cancer Association and the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), greater amount of sitting time is linked with higher rates of cancer. Specifically in the study published in JAMA, the participants that had spent the most hours sitting were 82% more likely die from cancer than those in the group that sat the least.⁶ Honestly, no matter how you look at it, whether this sitting disease is affecting your heart, raising your blood sugar and cholesterol, or causing an increase in the risk of cancer, the risk of premature death rises significantly with sitting. People who sit for more than 11 hours each day have a 40% increase in chance of premature death than people that sit for 4 hours or less.¹ Musculoskeletal- the aches and pains of this sitting disease Besides the fact that this disease can wreak havoc on our physiological processes, it can also hinder our musculoskeletal system, especially the low back. Low back pain is one of the most common injuries that results from prolonged sitting. Because of the very minimal dynamic movement and activation of the low back muscles while sitting, the load and stress is transferred to other parts of the spine, like our spinal discs and ligaments.⁷ These structures are not meant to bear constant load for prolonged periods of time like our muscles, especially our postural muscles, are. Ultimately, sitting disease leads to disuse and weakening of our musculoskeletal system. ⁷ ⁸ And, this continues the pain cycle. How to overcome the sitting disease Is it possible to overcome this man-made sitting disease? Well, exercise may seem like the no brainer answer. If you have to sit 8 hours a day at work, not including the time you sit for other normal daily activities, but you work out for 30-60 minutes each day, then you must be okay! Research upon research proves that exercising regularly does not combat the negative effects of the sitting disease. The basic premise is that sitting too much is not the same as lack of exercise and, as such, has its own unique metabolic consequences. ⁴ The same cellular and genetic research mentioned above, also demonstrated that exercise is not enough to combat the effects of sitting and that a balance of muscle inactivity and high duration, low intensity physical activities is more beneficial when compared to sitting all day with 30-60 minutes of high intensity exercise.⁵ In more simple words, a combination of sitting and frequent, long bouts of low intensity exercise, movement, or physical activity is more beneficial in helping to overcome the negative effects of the sitting disease when compared to sitting all day and then exercising really hard for an hour or so.⁴ ⁵ To truly overcome this sitting disease, we need to sit less. Sitting less is easier said than done. We can’t help the fact that we have a commute to work, that it is socially acceptable to sit and eat at the dinner table, and that most of us are desk bound at work. But we can help the fact by incorporating active sitting in addition to regularly scheduled work breaks. Active sitting allows you to continuously use your postural muscles to stay balanced and comfortable in your chair. Using a chair, like the Symbiotic Chair, that has a balancing mechanism allows you to use your core while the chair moves with and follows you. This a simple, yet effective way to add long duration, low-intensity physical activity to your work day. Clearly, our bodies are adaptable and respond to our environment. Set yourself up for success and for your best chance at living a long and healthy life but incorporating active sitting and overall, more low intensity physical activity throughout your work day. Don’t let this sitting disease bring you down. Author: Adria Biasi Author is US based Doctor of Physical Therapy and Board Certified Orthopedic Specialist 1) James A. Levine. Get Up! Why Your Chair Is Killing You and What You Can Do About It (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2014): 70-71.
In Brief Sustainable Palm Oil Complements EU’s Interest in Alternative Fuels & Going Green! Getty Images/iStockphoto In April, the European Parliament debated the issue of alternative fuels and the prospect of developing hydrogen technology in the transport sector. This is part of the EU commitment to climate and energy targets for 2030 which seeks to have a clean, affordable and reliable energy for transport. During the 22nd April session, EU Commission expressed its frustration that some countries had not been keeping up with their responsibilities to report on their progress towards an alternative fuel infrastructure. The Commission criticised three countries in particular, Italy, Portugal and the United Kingdom for failing to submit reports regarding the implementation of their national policy frameworks on alternative fuels infrastructure to the Commission. The reports were due by 18 November 2019 and the three had violated Article 10.1 of the Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Directive 2014/94/EU. They were given four months to comply with this obligation under the Directive. These intensive discussions on alternative fuels are being driven by the desire among Members of Parliament to both reduce the level of dependence on imports of raw materials from outside the EU and limit the damage caused by the transport sector to the environment. To that end, some MEP’s have been calling for a switch to alternative fuel sources like hydrogen and are pushing for legislation and EU regulatory framework to support hydrogen technologies in transport. This step is premature because although hydrogen fuel cell technology for cars and buses has advanced considerably, their actual usage rates still remain very low. For example there were only 1492 hydrogen registered passenger cars in the EU in 2020. Meanwhile the sales of electric vehicles have accelerated rapidly, achieving more than 10% in 2020. With the an eye to the future, the CEO of Audi called for ‘Technologieklarheit’ (technological clarity) and a complete shift to battery electric energy. This would mean no gasoline, diesel, plug-in hybrids, gas or hydrogen in passenger cars. Many other car and truck manufacturers also state publicly that the future of almost all road transport will be battery-electric – even long-haul trucks. But a shift to electric or ‘e-fuels’ is not a simple process, and it is not cheap. To produce e-fuels, electricity is used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is then combined with carbon dioxide to make drop-in hydrocarbons like diesel, gas or jet fuel. While e-fuels can be very low-carbon, if made from new renewable electricity, they can’t be low-cost at the same time. The e-fuels production process is inherently inefficient, converting at best half of the energy in the electricity into liquid or gaseous fuels. Even though wind and solar electricity costs are coming down over time, power still costs something, and that cost is essentially magnified by the low yield of e-fuels production. While the EU has certainly made a commitment for its European Green Deal, the policies against biofuels and natural gas might be regarded as extreme and untenable, given economic and infrastructure challenges. At the least, e-fuel technology for shipping and aviation will be both extremely costly to implement and will take years, if not decades before these technologies become widely available. Biofuel offers a highly viable, efficient and effective way to fulfil climate action objectives immediately and without the substantial economic and logistical disruption involved with a full e-fuel system The best approach to achieve EU’s green goals in the transport sector would be to use renewable and low carbon liquid fuels as strategic components to aid EU transition to more ambitious alternatives such as e-fuels. There is a recognition in EU that shifting drastically to e-fuels or electrification is difficult and poses real difficulties. As such, there is a need for cautious, steady policy changes. Biofuel offers a highly viable, efficient and effective way to fulfil climate action objectives immediately and without the substantial economic and logistical disruption involved with a full e-fuel system. One of the strongest cases for biofuels comes from sustainable palm oil. This is one of the many ways sustainable palm oil becomes important for the EU. Palm oil is already used in 70% of cosmetic products and found in around half of all supermarket products. It is a key ingredient in staple foods such as bread and margarine, as well as chocolate, ice cream, instant noodles, and biscuits. At the heart of palm oil’s success is its versatility, because it is also used in the production of biofuel for cars and power plants. There are many advantages to palm oil over other seed oils like canola and soy. Palm trees produce between four to ten times more oil than other crops per unit of cultivated land and consume less water in the process. This high yield per unit of land makes palm oil the cheapest and most environmentally friendly vegetable oil in on the market. Palm oil can be also be grown sustainably. So, Europe can contribute to tackling climate change production of affordable biofuels at the same time. To realise this goal, Europe should be engaging extensively with producer countries like Malaysia. As the world’s second largest palm oil producer, Malaysia has experienced year-on-year decreases in deforestation, attributable to the successful adoption of a nationally mandated sustainability scheme, Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO). Europe must move away from the blockades and bans and embrace cooperative efforts to ensure certification standards like MSPO are strengthened and universally adopted. Even environmental organisations like the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) argue that consumers should not boycott products containing palm oil. Avoiding it could, in fact, have far worse environmental consequences.
What Tribe Was Moses From? Who was Moses descended from? In the Torah According to the Torah, the tribe is named after Levi, one of the twelve sons of Jacob (also called Israel). Kohath’s son Amram was the father of Miriam, Aaron and Moses.. What is Judah called today? Who is the father of Jesus? Was Moses a Levite? Moses was not a Levite and that the Levites were never in Egypt. What tribe is Jesus from? Who are the twelve tribes of Israel today? Who are the 10 lost tribes of Israel today? What is the difference between Judah and Israel? Who named Moses? Martin Luther King Jr.In the 1960s, a leading figure in the civil rights movement was Martin Luther King Jr., who was called “a modern Moses,” and often referred to Moses in his speeches: “The struggle of Moses, the struggle of his devoted followers as they sought to get out of Egypt. Where did God speak to Moses in the burning bush? What tribe is Moses in the Bible? The Bible presents Moses as Israel’s prophet par excellence and among the most prominent members of the Israelite tribe of Levi. What is the 13th tribe of Israel? Did Jesus have a wife? Where are the 10 lost tribes of Israel? What was a Levite in the Bible? Was Moses from the tribe of Judah? Jacob’s first wife, Leah, bore him six sons: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun. Each was the father of a tribe, though Levi’s descendants (among whom were Moses and Aaron), the priests and temple functionaries, were dispersed among the other tribes and received no tribal land of their own. Where is Judah today? Israel PalestineKingdom of JudahKingdom of Judah 𐤉‬𐤄𐤃𐤄‬• Established930 BCE• Siege of Jerusalem587/586 BCEPreceded by Succeeded by Kingdom of Israel Neo-Babylonian Empire Yehud (Babylonian province)Today part ofIsrael Palestine10 more rows Why is Jesus called the Lion of the Tribe of Judah?
LOCI Software Articles LOCI software articles View My GitHub Profile Developing LOCI Software This article is a getting-started guide for programming at LOCI. Aside from merely knowing how to write code, every professional programmer should master five key tools of the trade: 1. Distributed version control system (DVCS; e.g., Git) 2. An integrated development environment (IDE; e.g., Eclipse) 3. Command line tools (e.g., GNU tools, bash, vim) 4. Build systems and dependency management (e.g., Maven) 5. Debugging and debuggers Programmers who really understand all of these tools will accomplish their goals thousands of times faster than those who do not. If you dabble in programming, you may not have time to dive in to all of the above, and that is OK! But if your aspiration is to be a professional programmer, you owe it to yourself to cultivate the three great virtues of a programmer. Computers exist to automate things. You have better things to do with your life than tedious, repetitive tasks all day long. Automation is always superior. (In all seriousness: it is often worth the time.) The links above are geared toward learning to develop in Java, but the skills are ultimately very similar for other software disciplines such as web programming. Here are some other important considerations regarding software development on community projects. Open Source At LOCI, our rule of thumb is to make projects open source. There have to be good reasons to do otherwise (e.g., secrets included in the code). As much as we can, we aim to make reusable software and tools at LOCI, which means both open source and open process. This fosters collaboration and scientific exchange, as well as interdisciplinary projects. In short: open source is good for science. Public Communication Since most of our software is open source, we collaborate with other scientists and groups quite often, e.g. via forums and mailing lists. It is good practice, therefore, to join the Image.sc Forum as first action when starting as a developer at LOCI. We strongly favor all collaboration and communication take place in public, even if that communication is between two members of the same physical group. Asking a question, and receiving an answer, in a private mail benefits no one but yourself, whereas discussing issues in public informs and benefits the entire worldwide community. Semantic Versioning Reusable software needs to be developed in a reliable manner, with very few, well-defined moments of backwards-compatibility breaking API changes (e.g. when a public, protected or package-local Java class, interface, method or field changes the name or other parts of its signature). We follow the best practice called Semantic Versioning for that reason: version numbers consist of a major version number (reflecting backwards-incompatible changes), a minor version (reflecting backwards-compatible API changes) and a micro version (reflecting bug fixes only). Source Code Management: Git When developing code, even as a single developer, we use Git to manage source code revisions. It serves us well for the following purposes: We commit and push our changes at least daily, to avoid losing work. See the SCM history section of the ImageJ coding style guide for further details, and the ImageJ site’s Using Git page for tips and tricks. In particular, we aim to inspect all changes before committing and we aim to never leave uncommitted changes at the end of a work day. To inspect the changes before committing, simply call git diff, or use GitHub Desktop. It is a good idea to separate pure style fixes (such as indentation fixes, or spelling corrections) from functional changes: it is too easy for bugs to hide in overly complex commits otherwise. To avoid leaving changes uncommitted at the end of a work day, the recommended practice is to create a temporary branch and commit everything as a WIP (“work in progress”) commit: git checkout -b tmp && git add -A . && git commit -m wip && git push origin HEAD The next day, the changes can be transported back into the master branch by calling git fetch origin tmp && git cherry-pick -n tmp && git push origin :tmp If the Git commands given in this paragraph seem too complex, or if it is not obvious to you how they work, or what they do, it is probably a good idea to go through GitHub’s 15-minute tutorial on Git right now. Meaningful commit messages It is a good practice to look at the diff before committing. By doing that, one can avoid conflating different changes into a single commit, e.g. have one crucial bugfix hidden between a thousand lines that only fix the formatting. We strive to document the intention and the motivation behind patches in good commit messages. In general, it is safe to assume that the reader does not want to read anything that can be deduced easily from looking at the diff. Instead, we aim to provide the background information, such as: who reported a bug? who had the cunning idea to solve it that way? which way seemed to be obvious, but did not work, and why? It is probably a good idea to read a little in the commit messages of our projects to get a good feel how to do things. Topic branches While bug fixes are usually contained in individual commits that are directly pushed to the master branch once tested and verified, more involved features are developed on topic branches. We rewrite history in such topic branches extensively before merging, in order to provide a clean and readable commit history that serves both as documentation to others as well as the developers themselves (after six months, it is hard to remember details). GitHub (repositories, issues, pull requests) All of our open source code lives in Git repositories on the social coding site GitHub. GitHub offers a vast array of useful resources, such as a 15-minute tutorial on Git, tools for collaborating, extensive guides, issue trackers, websites, and wikis. It even offers a desktop application for Windows and macOS, making it a breeze to work with GitHub. Unit Testing (JUnit) Every reliable and reusable project needs to ensure that the basic functionality on which third-party software might rely works, and keeps working. The easiest way to guarantee that is to write unit tests. For Java projects, we use JUnit—unless the project already uses another unit testing framework. It is essential that unit tests run quickly. It is okay to take up to a few seconds if it is really crucial to test this particular functionality, but it is not okay to take minutes. The longer a test takes, the less often it is executed, diminishing its value greatly. In most cases, long-running cases can easily be reduced in size without reducing the number of exercised code paths. For example, when testing an image processing filter, it is typically enough to test it on a 16x16 image auto-generated from a two-dimensional sine wave and then verifying the output values only at, say, 8 different locations against known-good values. There is no need to use a full-blown 1024x1024 image obtained using a confocal microscope. Using auto-generated data for testing also avoids the repository bloat typical of projects adding test data into the same repository as code (the test data can easily occupy 100-10,000x as much space as the code itself in such cases). A good tutorial how to write unit tests can be found here, a good example to follow is the FileUtilsTest of SciJava Common. Continuous Integration (CI) Unit tests are useful only if they are run. When developing, it is all-too-easy to forget, and regressions sometimes result from updates in dependencies. Therefore, we use Travis CI (a so-called “continuous integration” server, or “robot butler” of sorts), whose duty it is to monitor source code repositories, and to compile and run the tests whenever anything changes. Travis CI, being public, is therefore a very good health report of our projects. Dependency Management (Maven) When developing Java projects, we rely on Maven for dependency management. This is particularly important due to our focus on reusable software: proper versioning and easy upgrading to newer versions is essential due to the highly modular nature of our projects. The benefit is obvious: we maintain hundreds of software components with only three full-time developers. Making a project Maven-compatible is very easy: put the source code into src/main/java/, additional resources required by the source code into src/main/resources/, create the pom.xml file containing the project description, and you’re good to go. Unit tests should not be bundled in the resulting .jar file (called “artifact” by Maven), hence there is a different location for the tests’ source code (src/test/java/) and the tests’ resources (src/test/resources/). A good example to follow is the minimal ImageJ 1.x plugin project. Use Eclipse unless you are a NetBeans/IntelliJ expert Java projects should be developed with the help of an Integrated Development Environment. It not only helps with setting up a project ready to be developed, but also helps with powerful tools such as code completion, convenient Javadoc display, and refactoring. At LOCI, we use Eclipse extensively. Therefore it makes most sense to use Eclipse for developing Java code, unless you are already a real maven in another Maven-compatible tool like NetBeans or IntelliJ. We also work on the command line extensively and use editors like vim and emacs. Such tools complement IDEs very well, but cannot fully replace them in terms of productivity. Setting up your system (macOS) To set up your system, you will: Then you can start cloning source code: mkdir -p code/ctrueden cd code/ctrueden git clone git://github.com/ctrueden/dotfiles cd dotfiles sh setup.sh And now your shell is ‘supercharged’. This sets up all kinds of goodies: bash updates, zsh updates, better vim stuff, etc. Then you can get ALL the code: cd ~/code mr up And it will start cloning up a storm. Then, again: mr up
RETIRED FL: Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias for Home HealthPage 4 of 8 2. Communicating with Clients with AD and Related Disorders My mom gets pretty confused—especially in the early morning and late evening. She struggles for words—often trying to explain something by saying “you know, that thing” and then gets frustrated because I don’t understand. When I read the newspaper to her, all the articles get jumbled up in her head and she doesn’t know when one article ends and another starts. So I just read short articles, Miss Manners, that sort of thing. I tell her “that’s the end of the article about the election—this is a new article about the weather back east.” Caregiver, 2017 How Dementia Affects Communication Think about the last conversation you had with a friend or family member. You said what you wanted to say. You remembered what was said and understood the conversation. You probably had the conversation while doing something else—fixing breakfast or getting ready for work. You have no trouble talking even if there was a lot of noise in the background. People with dementia have difficulty initiating and understanding communication. They have to work hard to say what they want to say. Depending on the severity of the dementia, they might not remember what was said a few moments ago. They will often have trouble carrying on a conversation and doing something else at the same time. Background noise is often confusing and irritating. General Conversations My mom has pretty bad dementia but still listens intently to our conversations. She followed the 2016 election with a great deal of interest even though when asked, she couldn’t remember the names of the presidential candidates. When we said to her “are you are Democrat or a Republican” she responds immediately and fiercely “I’m a Democrat!” Family Caregiver, California General conversations are friendly and informal. They are not usually related to a specific task or goal. General conversations are social, a way to greet people and find out how they are doing. General conversations usually begin with a greeting or a comment, suggestion or explanation. A general conversation can be about yourself, your hobbies, your workday, your commute, or your family. It can include positive comments about other people you work with or other residents. General conversations usually include other people who are close by. A general conversation with a person with dementia is no different than a conversation you would have with a friend or coworker. You can connect with people by learning about what they liked when they were younger. What music was popular? Who was president? What major events happened in their younger years? Did they serve in the military? How many children do they have? Where did they work? Where did they travel? What were their interests and hobbies? A person with dementia may not remember what you talked about yesterday but they still want to hear what you have to say, even if you are repeating something said earlier. Conversations Related to a Task or Goal Dementia affects goal-directed conversations just as much as it affects general conversations. However, when trying to complete a specific task, communication must be more direct. Conversations about a specific task are more successful when “closed questions” are used. A closed question shows interest and invites a person to respond. For example, “Are you hungry?” or “Are you ready to get dressed?” limits the scope of the conversation and keeps the person with dementia focused on the task at hand. Task-related conversations involve gentle persuasion and positive feedback. Speak in a slow, clear voice, be respectful and relaxed, and explain the goal of the task at hand. The person you are caring for may not share your goal or agree with what you are asking. Or, more likely, they may not understand what you want. The following story featuring George and Ann illustrates this point. Think about what you would do in this situation. George and Ann George in the Morning An aide helping an older man prepare for breakfast. George has moderate dementia and lives at home with his daughter and a caregiver. He can still get up and dress himself without help. This morning George got dressed and is resting in a chair next to his bed. Ann, a new caregiver, enters his room and calls out to him, “Come on George. Are you hungry? Did you sleep well? Time for breakfast! Stand up. Let’s get you to the kitchen for breakfast.” George doesn’t move, so Ann tries again, “Come on, George, get up! You don’t want your breakfast to get cold, do you? I don’t think so. Come on George, I’m kind of busy! I have to do the laundry and make your bed.” Ann takes his arm and helps him stand up. George pulls away and sits back in his chair. What is George Thinking? George is comfortable, warm, and a little sleepy. He’s not sure what time of day it is. He isn’t hungry. A young woman he doesn’t know has barged into his room and is saying something to him in a loud voice. He is trying to figure out what she is saying—and then she says something else. Her voice is loud and he grimaces a little. He is not sure what she wants. She grabs his arm and he supposes he should go with her but she is being too pushy and this makes him mad. So he pulls away and sits back in his chair. He turns his head and tries to ignore her, hoping she will go away. What Is Ann Thinking? Ann is a new caregiver and needs to get George up and fed before his daughter gets back from shopping. The regular home health aide called in sick and Ann is covering for her today. She wants to get George to the kitchen for breakfast. When she enters his room she is relieved to see that George is already dressed and up in a chair. She tells him it’s time for breakfast, takes his arm, and tries to help him stand up. George seems confused and he pulls away. Ann repeats what she had just said, only more loudly. She reaches for him again but he turns away, crosses his arms, and refuses to budge. What Could Ann Have Done? Ann should enter George’s room quietly and respectfully after knocking on the door to get George’s attention. She should ask “May I come in?” and wait for George’s reply. Approaching George more slowly, squatting beside him, offering her hand, and introducing herself gives George a chance to understand who she is. A pause at the end of each sentence gives George time to respond. “Hi, George.” Pause. “How are you?” Pause. “It’s 9 a.m.” Pause. “Time for breakfast.” Pause. If George doesn’t respond, Ann can repeat what she just said in a calm voice or ask another short, closed question: “George, are you hungry?” Pause. Now George only has one simple statement to think about and he is more likely to understand and respond. Ann must remember that George doesn’t have to do what she asks. It’s okay for George to have his breakfast in his room or even skip breakfast and eat when he is hungry. Strategies and Guidelines for Verbal and Nonverbal Communication When communicating with a person with dementia, there are several things to keep in mind. What is the level of the person’s dementia? Is there a hearing loss? Are you having a general, social conversation or do you have a specific goal or task in mind? Improving Verbal Communication Verbal communication is communication with words. It is an important part of daily life, creates positive relationships, and lets us know that someone cares. It allows us to express our feelings and gives the caregiver an opportunity to assess the well-being of the person they are caring for. A successful conversation with a person who has dementia begins with eye contact and an introduction. Starting with something light and conversational such as the weather or what’s happening in the news will put the person at ease. Nonverbal gestures such as head nods, a light touch on the arm, and a warm expression create trust. When communication with a person with dementia, practice these habits: • Approach from the front, then kneel down to the side • Take a deep breath, relax, and take a moment to look at the person • Offer your hand • Greet the person using their name, then introduce yourself • Check your body language—if you remain standing, you may appear aggressive or threatening • Use short, 1- or 2-step questions and await a reply • Be attentive and sympathetic • Continue the conversation by asking a follow-up question Improving Nonverbal Communication The way you speak carries nonverbal information. Your tone reveals calmness or impatience, affection or disapproval, confidence or fear. The loudness of your voice and its tone and rhythm communicate additional information. If you are hurried, frustrated, or angry, a person will pick up on your mood and body language more quickly than your verbal communication. How the environment looks is a powerful form of nonverbal communication. A clean, nicely decorated room with good lighting is supportive. It encourages people to interact. A drab room with harsh lighting and little decoration has the opposite effect—it shows a lack of support and respect. Studies have shown that people say they don’t like people when they see them in unattractive rooms. Communicating When a Person Is Not Responsive People in the late stage of dementia may become unresponsive. This means they do not respond to what is happening around them. It means that they can no longer communicate their wishes. It does not mean they don’t feel or understand what is happening around them, at least on some level. Communicating with a person who is unresponsive can be a challenge for family members and caregivers. It is difficult to know what the person is thinking or feeling. Fortunately, many of the techniques that work in the earlier stages of dementia are useful in this stage as well. Assume that the person can hear and possibly understand even if they don’t respond. Use gestures and facial expressions to support what you’re trying to say. Give the person time to understand why you are there. Use a calm, slow, and respectful attitude. Keep the environment peaceful and avoid loud or sudden noises; the person has no way to tell you when a sound is annoying. Reduce discomfort and confusion by keeping the area around the bed or chair free of clutter. When working with a person who us unresponsive, practice these habits: • Approach in a calm and relaxed manner • Slow your own movements • Re-introduce yourself at each encounter • Address the person by a preferred name or title • Use short, simple sentences • Use hand gestures and light, appropriate touch to communicate your intentions • Avoid a condescending tone Detecting and Assessing Pain It is important to recognize when a person who is non-responsive is experiencing pain. There is good agreement in both large and small studies that about 50% of the people with dementia regularly experience pain (van Kooten et al., 2015). Healthcare providers may feel uncertain about pain in clients with dementia, especially if the client is unable to communicate when they are in pain. Clients, especially those with advanced dementia are less able to respond to pain scales, necessitating the use of observational scales in up to about half of clients. Unfortunately, more than half of clients with advanced dementia experience pain in the last week of life that is not satisfactorily managed (Volicer and van der Steen, 2014). Both physiologic and behavioral responses can indicate the presence of pain. Physiologic responses include tachycardia, increased respiratory rate, and hypertension. Behavioral responses include splinting, grimacing, moaning or grunting, distorted posture, and reluctance to move. A lack of physiologic responses or an absence of behaviors indicating pain does not mean there is an absence of pain. The most structured observational pain assessment tools have been published by the American Geriatrics Society, which describe six domains for pain assessment in older adults: 1. Facial expression 2. Negative vocalization 3. Body language 4. Changes in activity patterns 5. Changes in interpersonal interactions For non-communicative patients, the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) is a commonly used observational scale. It is able to distinguish the effect of analgesics and difference between various severities of pain (Volicer and van der Steen, 2014). This tool, developed by a team of clinicians at the E.N. Rogers Memorial VA Hospital in Bedford, Massachusetts, assesses breathing, negative vocalization, facial expression, body language, and consolability. Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) • Occasional labored breathing • Short period of hyperventilation • Noisy labored breathing • Long period of hyperventilation • Cheyne-Stokes respirations Negative vocalization • Occasional moan/groan • Low level speech with a negative or disapproving quality • Repeated, troubled calling out • Loud moaning or groaning • Crying Facial expression Smiling or inexpressive • Sad • Frightened • Frown Facial grimacing Body language • Tense • Distressed • Pacing • Fidgeting • Rigid • Fists clenched • Knees pulled up • Pulling/pushing away • Striking out No need to console Distracted or reassured by voice or touch Unable to console, distract, or reassure PAINAD Scoring: 1-3 = Mild; 4-6 = Moderate; 7-10 = Severe * Some institutions have developed policies in which a PAINAD score of four or greater must be addressed in the nursing care plan. Public domain.
What happens when the Netherlands Institute of Human Rights permits discrimination… Still blackface in class. Still blackface in class. The Netherlands Institute of Human Rights is an institution which exists to expose, monitor and protect human rights, promoting compliance (including equal treatment) into practice, policies and legislation, and seeking to increase the awareness of human rights in the Netherlands. However, to be able to increase awareness of human rights, you need to first understand what human rights are. In 2014 the Institute made a racist decision: it gave a school board, the SPO Utrecht, permission to use racial caricatures in the Dutch children’s festivity called Sinterklaas. The racist caricatures not only involved drawings and other images, but also involved people blacking up (donning facepaint and wigs in order to mimic black Africans). What makes this a bewilderingly bad judgement is that the Institute had also decided, in the same case, that the racist caricature, known as Zwarte Piet, is in fact discriminatory. Deze tekst in het Nederlands Why then did a human rights panel, containing no black people, think that it was acceptable to let black schoolchildren be exposed to a demeaning racist caricature at school in 2014? It must be stated that the judgement cryptically said that the same manner of celebrating Sinterklaas in 2014 would perhaps not be acceptable in 2015, and gave the SPO Utrecht schoolboard a years moratorium to devise a different celebration, because according to the Institute the inclusion of Zwarte Piet would fail to provide a discrimination-free environment. The moratorium offered to the SPO in 2014 goes against human rights principles; to put it simply, racist discrimination is wrong in every situation, and should be eradicated immediately and effectively. Giving a schoolboard permission to continue a racist practice goes against these basic human rights principles, and I would argue is a racist decision in and of itself: white people should not give anyone permission to violate a black child’s dignity. The Netherlands Institute of Human Rights effectively gave Dutch society a pretext to continue the racist practice. Formally they had done the minimum required: they had declared that Zwarte Piet has discriminatory aspects. This declaration, concerning a self-evident fact, is unremarkable: it’s like declaring that an obese man is overweight. What the Institute actually did, was to create a situation where talking about discrimination became the main objective. As long as a schoolboard had discussed discrimination, it was enough to show that they had fulfilled their duty of care obligations. This lead to school boards in the Hague making a statement that they would gradually eliminate discriminatory elements over a period of three years. This meant that schools could give themselves a moratorium of years, because the fact that they had considered the issue was enough. It was okay not to eradicate the racism. The idea of discrimination being gradually reduced is a nonsense. Something is either discriminatory or it’s not. One swastika is not less offensive than two. The promotion of a swastika, singular or plural, is always offensive to Jews and antiracists, as much as the racist caricature Zwarte Piet (singular or plural) is always offensive to black people and anti-racists. Because the Institute lost sight of the intrinsic dignity of the black person, other institutions have also lost sight of the real aim: to eradicate discrimination. This is all the more evident in local government: they believe that the inclusion of racist caricatures can continue, as long as an annual discussion (dialogue) is held about it. The mayor of Utrecht, Jan van Zanen, claims to have no opinion whether it’s racist or not, now that the dialogue organised in the city of Utrecht suffices to fulfil his duty of care to discuss it. It’s an obvious smokescreen to continue with the popular racist caricatures, because yes, these caricatures are popular in the Netherlands, Van Zanen thinks that the existence of the dialogues absolve him from further responsibility to eradicate the racist caricatures entirely. The dialogues are an aimless discussion – with no decision-making or advisory capacity. A majority in society shouldn’t be able to agree to violate the rights of a minority. In a healthy democracy violating the dignity of a minority should be deemed unacceptable. We are in now in 2017, three years after the 2014 judgement. Since then, the Institute have issued a standpoint, but they have not widely condemned schools or mayors who continue to support the discrimination. Zwarte Piet is still in schools, and still being greeted by mayors in their official capacity, and still being subsidised directly or indirectly by the state. Even multinational companies feel comfortable with how normal this discrimination is in the Netherlands. In 2016, McDonald’s, the hamburger restaurant, subsidised a parade with 600 Zwarte Pieten (caricatures in blackface). The racism in these situations is self evident and overt (see photo’s of parades in Leiden where the caricatures are even portrayed as savages or cannibals). If an institution like the Netherlands Institute of Human Rights doesn’t understand what human rights are, or acts to protect them, what hope is there for the rest of Dutch society?
You are looking at 1 - 2 of 2 items • Author or Editor: Malin Henriksson x • Chapters/Articles x Clear All Modify Search You do not have access to this content Malin Henriksson and Jessica Berg The aim in the chapter is to introduce time-geography as a method for mobility research. Time-geography offers conceptual tools to grasp experiences, emotions and strategies in everyday life. Time-geography illustrates time–space movements and how restrictions and barriers impact on individual space–time movements. The reader is provided with examples of how to design and use time-geographical travel diaries, and how to combine the method with theories from social sciences. The chapter provides knowledge on how, when, where and why travel diaries should be used in mobility research. You do not have access to this content
Speaking Spanish While most of our students are fluent in Spanish, complete fluency is NOT a requirement. But being able to hold a conversation upon enrollment is. If you are not a fluent Spanish speaker and reading in Spanish is still difficult, we recommend preparing with a few months of an intensive Spanish language course, such as Rosetta Stone, Duolingo, Memrise, Babbel or others. Speaking SpanishSpeaking SpanishSpeaking Spanish
Wider Than You Think CHINA’S HUMAN RIGHTS GAP: The United States is abandoning its role as the global champion of human rights. Revelations that top officials targeting people to be assassinated abroad, including American citizens. Are only the most recent, disturbing proof of how far our nation’s violation of human rights has extended. This development began after the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, and sanctioned and escalated by bipartisan executive and legislative actions, without dissent from the general public. As a result, our country can no longer speak with moral authority on these critical issues. Jimmy Carter[1] On June 1, 2021, China assumes leadership of the human rights dialogue and reset the world’s priorities. A revolution that’s been brewing for some time. In 1997, China ratified the UN International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (the US has yet to) and the results are in. On June 1, 2021, China will reach a human rights benchmark and become a xiaokang[1] society in which everyone without exception has a home, a job, plenty of food, education, safe streets, health and old-age care. On that day there will be more poor, hungry and imprisoned people in America than in China–because the two societies have different human rights priorities. We prioritize the Roman ideal of the individual self, abstracted from the community, seeking salvation through personal freedom from worldly bondage. The antithesis of China’s human rights values–and the basis for our criticisms of them. They prioritize the Confucian self, defined by community, family and mutual interactions, and finding liberation through service to socio-economic harmony. As Randall Nadeau[3] says, “Christian-based Western values like radical autonomy of the individual, the soul in a transcendent relationship to the world, the prioritizing of the individual over the family and the prioritizing of the individual over the state are alien to the Chinese. The West defines human rights as ‘freedom from’ oppressive tendencies of the family and state and grounds human rights in the fundamental equality of all persons. Thus, human rights are equated with human liberation–the liberation of the autonomous individual from the restrictive community”. Nadeau observes that the Chinese language even lacks equivalents for freedom, liberty, individual, autonomy, rights, choice, equality and dignity. Their priorities are elsewhere. Mencius insisted that the government must first provide food and shelter for everyone before it can expect lawful behaviour. “The regulation of the people’s livelihood is such that, above. They do not have enough to serve their parents and below they do not have enough to support their wives and children. Even in years of prosperity, their lives are bitter while in years of dearth they barely escape starvation and, under such circumstances desperately try to avoid death. How could they spare time to observe rites and lawfulness?” Yet, though the Chinese have always prioritized collective rights over individual rights. They have no fundamental disagreement with the West. As Premier Wen Jiabao said, “Science, democracy, rule of law, freedom and human rights are not concepts unique to capitalism. Rather, they are common values pursued by all mankind throughout history: the fruits of human civilization. It is only that–at different historical stages and in different countries–they are achieved through different means and in different forms”. Though the US and China foster human rights through different means and in different forms. We can compare their degree of success thanks to The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, to which both are signatories. Instead of scrutinizing China’s record, as is usually done, the comments focus on our own shortcomings to explain. Why, when the transition to Chinese leadership occurs, it will be more from the recognition of a fait accompli than a revolution. Preamble. The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights was voted into existence on December 10, 1948. So that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind. Shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures. National and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance. Both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction. 1. All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. China’s policy of liangshaoyikuan–charging and sentencing minorities more leniently for the same criminal offences. And similar positive discrimination towards minorities compare favourably with America’s. 2. Everyone entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind. Such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or another status. Furthermore, no distinction made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional. Or the international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs. Whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. China’s 1979 attack on Vietnam was disgraceful but America’s attacks on other nations are more frequent. 3. Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. As Jimmy Carter observed, “Revelations that top officials targeting people to assassinated abroad, including American citizens. Are only the most recent, disturbing proof of how far our nation’s violation of human rights has extended”. 4. No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. While critics labelled employees of Foxconn (Apple’s manufacturer in China) ‘slaves,’ forced labour in American prisons and on farms seem worse. 5. No one subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Jimmy Carter: “Our government’s counterterrorism policies are now clearly violating at least 10 of the Declaration’s 30 Articles, including the prohibition against ‘cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment’”. 6. Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. Prisoners held in Guantanamo specifically to avoid recognizing them as persons under the law. 7. All are equal before the law and entitled, without any discrimination, to equal protection of the law. All entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination. The US does not prosecute its criminal elite. China does, and treats its minorities more generously than the majority. America denied effective remedy to Guantanamo prisoners and to Chelsea Manning, Julian Assange and Edward Snowden and imprisons and executes more blacks than South Africa at the height of apartheid, mostly without trial. 9. No one shall subject to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. The US kidnaps and imprisons people at home and abroad. 10. Everyone entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him. Jimmy Carter: “Recent legislation has made legal the president’s right to detain a person indefinitely on suspicion of affiliation with terrorist organizations. This law violates the right to freedom of expression and to presumed innocent until proved guilty, two other rights enshrined in the declaration. In addition to American citizens’ targeted for assassination or indefinite detention”. 11.1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty. According to the law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence. (2) No one shall hold guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission. Which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed. America holds twenty-five per cent of the world’s prison population, most of whom never received a trial. Guantánamo Bay houses forty men, some of whom have been tortured a hundred times. 12. No one subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks. America operates 360-degree, 24-hour surveillance and makes regular police home invasions. 13.1. Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state. (2) Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country. America’s secret, no-fly list denies this right to 50,000 citizens while China’s hukou deny the right to freedom of residence within its borders. 14.1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution. (2) This right may not invoke in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. The US denies Edward Snowdon and Julian Assange this right. 15.1. Everyone has the right to a nationality. (2) No one shall arbitrarily deprive of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality. 17.1. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others. (2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property. Without proving a crime, American police, using civil forfeiture, take more money from Americans than robbers. China restricts publicizing religion while in the US, as Carter observed. “Popular state laws permit detaining individuals because of their appearance. Where they worship, or with whom they associate”. 19. Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. America observes this right more fully than China. 20.1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association. (2) No one may compelled to belong to an association. The US flunked its United Nations ‘peaceful assembly’ inspection while Chinese protesters hold thousands of noisy, nonviolent assemblies each year. 21.1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives. (2) Everyone has the right of equal access to public service in his country. (3) The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government. This expressed in periodic and genuine elections. Which shall by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures. Neither Chinese nor American voters directly elect their heads of State. Chinese prisoners retain their right to vote and voter participation is sixty-two percent compared to fifty-five percent in the US. Twenty percent of Americans approve of their government’s policies compared to ninety percent of Chinese. 22. Everyone, as a member of society, the right to social security and is entitled to realization. Through national effort and international cooperation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality. 23.1. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment. (2) Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work. (3) Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity and supplemented. If necessary, by other means of social protection. (4) Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests. China’s per capita union membership is double America’s and Chinese wages have risen faster than the economy for forty years. 24. Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay. Chinese have sixteen paid, mandatory vacation days each year. Americans have none. 25.1. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family. Including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services. And the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. The US Department of Housing and Urban Development estimates there roughly half a million homeless people in the United States on any given night. In a country with 18 million empty homes. China has none. (2) Motherhood and childhood entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection. China has higher homeownership, lower food insecurity and better access to medical care than the US. Longevity is rising in China and will surpass the US in 2025. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace. (3) Parents a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children. But, Poor Chinese children outscore American children in PISA tests. 28. Everyone entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can fully realize. The USA has deprived the people of thirty-five countries of their rights and since World War II by invading them. 29.1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible. (2) In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law. Therefore, Solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society. (3) So, These rights and freedoms may in no case exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. 30. Nothing in this Declaration may interpret as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity. Or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein. [1] A Cruel and Unusual Record. So, By Jimmy Carter, June 24, 2012. New York Times [2] Statement on Visit to the USA. Although, Professor Philip Alston, United Nations Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights. Washington, December 15, 2017 [3] Confucianism and the Problem of Human Rights. Therefore, Randall Nadeau. Intercultural Communication Studies XI: 2 2002 [4] The Great Learning. Confucius 1. Lesser prosperity: a necessary precondition for Confucius’ datong society. In which everyone loves everyone equally and is so trusting that ‘everyone leaves their outer doors unlocked at night’. An Australia-China Balance Have any Question? 2 thoughts on “CHINA’S HUMAN RIGHTS GAP” 1. 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Type in ➚ : neutral in Dogri डोगरी neutral in Kannada ಕನ್ನಡ neutral in Kashmiri कॉशुर neutral in Nepali नेपाली neutral in Santali neutral in Urdu اُردُو neutral in English • neutral adj. 1. on neither side in a quarrel or a war. Ex. a neutral attitude in an election. Switzerland was neutral in World War II. 2. of or belonging to a neutral country or neutral zone. Ex. a neutral vessel, a neutral port. 3. nei • neutral adv. neutrally. • neutral neutral, adjective, noun. • neutral noun neutralness. • neutral noun 1. a neutral person or country; one not taking part in a quarrel or war. Ex. the rights of neutrals. 2. a position of gears when they do not transmit motion from the engine to the wheels or other working parts. 3. the position of neutral in Tamil neutral \| Tamil dictionary translates English to Tamil and Tamil to English neutral words neutral phrases with neutral synonyms neutral antonyms neutral pronunciations. neutral meanings in Tamil neutral in Tamil Tamil of translation of neutral Tamil meaning of neutral what is neutral in Tamil dictionary? definition, antonym, and synonym of neutral neutral Antonym, Synonym Thesaurus Official Languages of India Dictionary Translation is significantly better than Google translation offers multiple meanings, alternate words list of neutral neutral phrases with similar meanings in Tamil \| தமிழ், Tamil \| தமிழ் dictionary Tamil \| தமிழ் neutral translation neutral meaning neutral definition neutral antonym neutral synonym Tamil language reference work for finding synonyms, antonyms of neutral. Tamil meaning of neutral This page is an online lexical resource, contains a list of the neutral like words in a Tamil language in the order of the alphabet, and that tells you what they mean, in the same or other languages including English. Enter a term 'neutral' to translate 1. home-page 2. › 3. language 4. › 5. tamil-dictionary-translation-meaning-of-neutral
How Systemic School Hours Affect Mental Health? How does school hours affect mental health? How the school system affects mental health? Relationship between academic stress and mental health Research shows that academic stress leads to less well-being and an increased likelihood of developing anxiety or depression. Additionally, students who have academic stress tend to do poorly in school. How does school starting later improve mental health? The study is published in the journal Sleep Health. The study found that adolescents attending schools with later start times reported greater sleep duration and later wake-up times, which were also associated with better mental health outcomes. Why shouldn’t we push back school times? AASM reports that sleep deprivation leads to anxiety, irritability, lack of motivation and other symptoms of depression. Delaying school start times can reduce these symptoms, as demonstrated by the results of the University of Minnesota study. Early school start times do not just affect mental ability and mood. You might be interested: FAQ: Why A Person Needs A Mental Health Social Worker? How do long school hours affect students? Longer school days could result in attention deficit and fatigue, making the extra class time ineffective. When students are too tired or mentally exhausted to concentrate, the last hour of the day becomes useless. Is school linked to depression? Why should mental health not be taught in schools? Yet, we don’t teach them about their mental health. This gap in curriculum has a potentially huge impact on society for generations to come. Poor mental health, depression, and anxiety affect the way students behave, interact in their communities, and make connections with others. Can school stress cause mental illness? Why is starting school early bad? Countless studies have shown that early school start times are associated with students getting less sleep, which negatively affects student academic performance. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attention in class and are likely to have lower grades. They may also experience irritability and fatigue. Why do schools start so early? It’s also “ so early ” so that the parents can get to work on time, and traditionally school started right after chores, including milking and dismiss so that the kids got home in time for evening chores, including milking. You might be interested: Quick Answer: How Does It Affect A Teenager When They Have A Friend With Mental Health Issues? Does starting school later improve health? Students with later school start times are more likely to have improved physical health and weight control, decreasing their likelihood of developing diabetes, obesity, or high blood pressure. By sleeping adequately, students’ bodies have enough time to repair and heal at night. Why school should start later pros and cons? Better sleep: Delayed start time could help teens sleep during their natural sleep/wake cycles. Less caffeine: Teens may be less likely to depend on caffeine to stay awake during the day. Better grades: Adequate sleep could help teens be more alert during the school day, which could boost their academic performance. What are the cons of school starting later? Disadvantages of Starting Late • School districts will face administrative and operational pressures. • It becomes difficult to schedule sports practice and extra-curricular activities. • A late start time will disrupt parents’ schedules. • Starting later in the day will affect time available for after-school tutoring. Why do teens stay up late? Leave a Reply
Often asked: How Does Calcium Affect Mental Health? Can low calcium cause mental health issues? Depression. Some evidence suggests that calcium deficiency may be linked with mood disorders, including depression, though confirming this will require further research. Does calcium affect depression? Can high calcium cause anxiety? Too much calcium in the blood can affect the brain, causing these symptoms. Anxiety and depression. Hypercalcemia may also affect mental health. High blood pressure and abnormal heart rhythms. Can high calcium cause mood swings? Hypercalcemia is known to cause neuropsychiatric dysfunction including mood and cognitive changes and rarely, acute psychosis. High calcium levels can be a catalyst for neuronal demise, possibly due to glutaminergic excitotoxicity and dopaminergic and serotonergic dysfunction. What is a critical low calcium level? Sustained low calcium levels in your blood may confirm a diagnosis of calcium deficiency disease. Normal calcium levels for adults can range from 8.8 to 10.4 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), according to the Merck Manual. You may be at risk for calcium deficiency disease if your calcium level is below 8.8 mg/dL. You might be interested: Readers ask: How Opiates Affect Mental Health? What diseases cause low calcium? There are many causes of hypocalcemia, these include; • Vitamin D deficiency. • Chronic renal failure. • Magnesium deficiency. • Alcoholism. • Biphosphonate therapy – drugs used to treat high blood calcium levels or pills used to treat osteoporosis. • Certain types of leukemia or blood disorders. Does calcium affect mood? Does calcium have a calming effect? Calcium, along with magnesium, helps to nourish the nervous system and prevent anxiety, panic attacks, and restlessness or irritability. Magnesium has long been known for its calming properties on the nervous system, and it is also used to relax tight or overworked muscles. Can stress affect calcium levels? Whether it’s work related, family related, environmental, physical or emotional, stress causes our bodies to fall out of balance and can actually cause the diminishing of calcium in our bones! When we are stressed, our bodies release a “stress hormone” called cortisol, which causes havoc on our system. How do you flush calcium out of your body? Intravenous fluids hydrate you and lower calcium levels in the blood. Corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory medications. They’re useful in the treatment of too much vitamin D. Loop diuretic medications can help your kidneys move fluid and get rid of extra calcium, especially if you have heart failure. Should I worry if my calcium is high? You might be interested: Question: How Do Macroeconomic Factors Affect Mental Health? What are the side effects of taking too much calcium? Can high calcium cause brain fog? Hypercalcemia will cause symptoms in almost everyone. The most common symptoms of hypercalcemia are chronic fatigue, lack of energy, loss of interest in things you used to enjoy, “brain fog” or difficulty concentrating, and trouble with sleep. Can hyperparathyroidism cause personality changes? PHPT has traditionally been recognized by its characteristic symptoms, including urolithiasis (“stones”); osteopenia and osteoporosis (“bones”); abdominal cramping, nausea, and peptic ulceration (“moans”); and depression, anxiety, cognitive dysfunction, insomnia, confusion, and personality changes (“psychiatric Does high calcium cause hair loss? Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) can cause hair loss, among other symptoms. Leave a Reply
Hypertext Markup «Prev Creating an HTML page Legacy Frames in HTML Frames are a legacy component of HTML 4 and should no longer be used. Jakob Nielsen, the author of several usability books, wrote an article in 1996 that criticized frames. Some key points mentioned in the article are: 1. Frames prevent users from properly bookmarking pages. When a bookmarked frameset page is loaded, the previous mouse clicks of the user inside the frames do not matter. Only the outer URL is saved and users have to navigate to where they were manually. 2. Frames present challenges for printing web pages. Printing all the frames at once is not suited to the different dimensions of paper (and users can get only the first pageful that way). Users generally have to right-click the frame they want and choose the appropriate context menu option. 3. Users coming from search engines may not have access to navigational elements if they are located in another frame and they are directed to only that frame the search engine found the text in. Chances are good that if you see a column of text, graphics, or links that do not scroll when other portions of a page do, that site is using frames. The home page for the popular YahooYahoo Web site does not use frames. Frames are no longer used because of challenges that they create with useability. The most common markup language used for mobile web sites is HTML5 as of April 2019. There are 2 basic platforms used for mobile devices. They are 1. iOS for Apple 2. Android platform HTML5 is currently being implemented for the mobile web as well HTML5 applications. This standard ensures specific markup for your web site that works best on mobile devices. For instance, it does not allow HTML frames or nested tables, which perform poorly on mobile devices. Along with the DOCTYPE, be sure to declare the appropriate character encoding for the document (such as UTF-8). <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <meta charset="utf-8">
Why are rough drafts important? Why are rough drafts important? The sole purpose of a rough draft is to give you a place to start to formally put together your ideas with evidence. Additionally, writing a rough draft lets you gauge if you need to do more research, change your purpose, or switch topics completely. What do I need to write a rough draft? What is the most significant difference between your first draft and this final version? What is the difference between the first draft and the final draft of a story or novel? The first draft contains everything you wanted to say. The final draft contains everything you needed to say—those things that are essential to the story. What does a first draft mean? A first draft, also known as a rough draft, is the very first version of a piece of writing—a rough sketch of what your finished work will be like. A first draft is written after the outline is finished and is usually done without much editing. Is Final Draft a one time payment? How can this better develop any text draft? Six principles for writing a better first draft fasterSeparate drafting and revising. If you are ever going to follow only one piece of writing advice, it should be this: don’t write and revise at the same time. Focus fully on content. Experience your thought. Forget about the reader. Allow yourself to write a crappy first draft. Plan & outline before drafting.
What is domain? Thinking Notes Work Setting Clueless about what is domain name? The first thing you need to know when you want to set up a website is knowing what is domain and how it works. What is a domain name Domain name is simply the unique URL name for your website, where others can identify your website with. Like WordPress.com is the domain name for WordPress Blogging Services. The name of this website is thinkingnotes.com, which our visitors identify us with. It is like the business name of your company; it is the name of your website. Domain is not web hosting This is one of the most confusing things, especially for business owners who are new to setting up websites. Domain name is not equal to hosting. Web hosting is like having an office space for your website. Like how you need a physical office space for your business. You register a business name and you will need to rent an office space. For website, you register a domain name and you will need to rent a web hosting space. The below is an illustration explaining what is domain and what is web hosting? What is Domain Web Hosting Vs Domain Name Best Practices for Buying and Registering Domains The domain must be owned by you! Sign up an account with well-known registrars such as GoDaddy.com under your own name if you are getting for your own businesses. Never get a website developer to register the domain name for you under his/her own account. It is like giving an interior designer your title deed for renovating your house. No one should own the name except for you. As professional web designers, we usually advise our clients on how to secure and maintain their own domain registration needs. Recommended Domain Registrars At Thinking Notes, we only use 2 domain registrars, GoDaddy, and Vodien. We will use Vodien to register .sg domains while GoDaddy will be used for all other purposes. How much it cost to secure a domain? For .com domain, it usually costs around USD$20 per year and .sg domain, it will usually cost around SGD$60 per year. The price will be vary depending on which registrar you are using. The more popular domain names will be retailing at much higher prices, which can go up to 5 figures. Local Presence Do note that for certain country-specific domains, you are required to have a local presence / locally registered entity in the specific country before being allowed to purchase the domain(s). Private Domain During the process of domain registration, you are given an option of purchasing privacy add on, which hides your private information. This means other folks will not be able to find out who owns the domain name and their private details. What is a Private Domain Domain Renewal Owning the domain does not mean you will own it forever, there is usually a renewal period depending on how long you signed up for initially. Keep the “Auto-Renew: option on and the payment method valid, you will safeguard yourself from losing the domain. Your Name is your Brand Choosing a good domain name form the foundation of your future digital marketing success. It is in our opinion that the name of your website should be something that reflects your brand name and targeted market in the long run. While you can choose a domain name purely for the chances of boosting your SEO ranking, it will not be ideal for future brand growth. T This kind of SEO tactic is called the Exact Match Domain. For example, we can get ourselves a domain called “webdesign.sg” and get rank easily for web design related keywords such as web design singapore. However, we would like to deploy a more future proof approach of growing our brand name in the global industry, thus we used thinkingnotes.com instead. You should also know that Google Algorithm reduces low-quality Exact Match Domains from their search results. Further Resources How to Choose a Domain Name for Maximum SEO What is domain? 1 Subscribe to get useful digital marketing articles right to your inbox! We will not share your contact information
The temperature and chronology of heavy-element synthesis in low-mass stars : Nature : Nature Research P. Neyskens, S. Van Eck, A. Jorissen, S. Goriely, L. Siess & B. Plez Nature 517, 174–176 (08 January 2015) doi:10.1038/nature14050 Roughly half of the heavy elements (atomic mass greater than that of iron) are believed to be synthesized in the late evolutionary stages of stars with masses between 0.8 and 8 solar masses. Deep inside the star, nuclei (mainly iron) capture neutrons and progressively build up (through the slow-neutron-capture process1, 2, or s-process) heavier elements that are subsequently brought to the stellar surface by convection. Two neutron sources, activated at distinct temperatures, have been proposed: 13C and 22Ne, each releasing one neutron per α-particle (4He) captured1, 2, 3, 4. To explain the measured stellar abundances1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, stellar evolution models invoking the 13C neutron source (which operates at temperatures of about one hundred million kelvin) are favoured. Isotopic ratios in primitive meteorites, however, reflecting nucleosynthesis in the previous generations of stars that contributed material to the Solar System, point to higher temperatures (more than three hundred million kelvin), requiring at least a late activation of 22Ne (ref. 1). Here we report a determination of the s-process temperature directly in evolved low-mass giant stars, using zirconium and niobium abundances, independently of stellar evolution models. The derived temperature supports 13C as the s-process neutron source. The radioactive pair 93Zr–93Nb used to estimate the s-process temperature also provides, together with the pair 99Tc–99Ru, chronometric information on the time elapsed since the start of the s-process, which we determine to be one million to three million years. Christian Bazzucchi Inviato da dispositivo mobile, mi scuso per la brevità
Three practices that put your online security at risk It is an unfortunate thing that many people don’t realise just how dangerous simple online practices can be to their computer and online security. Luckily, there are simple steps people can take to protect their personal and financial information online. Here are three common online activities that many individuals and businesses do that makes them more vulnerable online: Using public Wi-Fi networks Even though connecting to public Wi-Fi networks is convenient and can be cost-effective, using them regularly can potentially open up a device to online attacks. The security used for public Wi-Fi networks is generally of a low standard, which makes it easier for online scammers to hack into. Therefore, for those who need to use public network, it may be a good idea to consider using a Virtual Private Network (VPN). VPNs can encrypt data and give users the security of using their own wireless network over a public connection. Completing online forms Individuals and businesses need to be just as careful when passing on information to third parties online. Many websites collect information as a requirement of accessing certain things, so before passing out information like email addresses or phone numbers, it is important to make sure that the user knows exactly what the site plans on doing with it. Using the same password Even though passwords can be hard to remember, it pays off to use a different password for every service. Having unique or unusual passwords can help ensure that even if someone gains access to one of your accounts, they won’t be able to access any other account using the same credentials. About Author Leave A Reply Pin It on Pinterest
Outstanding Things You Can Pick Up From Language Translator. A translator or translating language cpu is a comprehensive basic term which may explain anything which converts textual info from one computer system language to an additional. Usually, a program created completely in high-level language (for instance C++) is known as resource code. On the other hand, languages used to convert textual info into machine language (for instance HTML) are referred to as binary languages. Converting or interpreting languages is also possible for programs created completely in user setting. However, interpreting languages is normally made use of for system programming as well as is as a result more prevalent with systems like the Windows, Linux, UNIX, as well as BSD family members of operating systems. An on the internet language translator tool is offered on the market for organizations that need them. They work by taking the resource code of software and transforming it into a native tongue, for instance German, while offline translating it into English. Online language translator devices do not necessarily equate languages as they do for the COMPUTER. Rather, they convert one language to another (as in the case of equating an English document right into German). They are available both for use in the online as well as offline market. Real-time translation is one of the most typical kind of translation service. It is generally provided by a dedicated translation company for a fee, in cooperation with another entity. Real-time translation solutions ensure quality translation anywhere it is used-inbound, within an organization, in between different languages, and also also for the international market. A real-time translation system involves the use of various translation modern technologies and tools such as text translation generators, translation memory technologies, as well as tools for multi-lingual domain communication. Translation memory innovation makes available saved translations in the form of themes for a smoother treatment. On the other hand, source language translators translate documents directly from source language to target language. In real-time translation, the source language translator must have the capacity of understanding and also grabbing subtleties of the target language. On the other hand, unlike real-time translation systems, incoming translation systems translate files that remain in the process of being translated. This suggests that the resource language translator need to can comprehending the definition of specific sentences or paragraphs, in addition to the precise grammar and also spelling of the source language. The language translator utilized by a firm to accomplish organization purchases must have the required abilities of a deep-sea translator, instead of a surface-reading translator. A deep-sea translator is able to recognize as well as convert records from incredibly deep waters, such as undersea cable televisions. On the other hand, a surface-reading translator can convert papers from extremely high-level languages, such as Spanish or Chinese, to English. A source-language translator can be contrasted to a secretary for the reason that he/she is accountable for equating text from an extremely abstract form of expression, such as a short article, right into a much more concrete one, such as an e-newsletter or business record. It is necessary for the resource language translator to recognize the society of both languages that will be translated. Cultural differences can cause huge discrepancies between the meanings of words and also the actual definition of the exact same words in the target language and also vice versa. There are some translation specialists who focus just on technical translation. Technical translations include equating messages containing texts that are produced by researchers or designers. An example of this kind of translation job would be a scientific paper composed by a designer in his own language utilizing scientific terminology. In order to make sure that these translations are appropriate, the translator should have a thorough understanding of the clinical terminology made use of in the file. A technological language translator, unlike most language translators, is not expected to understand the cultural nuances of individuals that will be receiving or checking out the translated products. If this were to happen, then the accuracy of the translation would certainly be brought into question. Language cpus and also language translators commonly enter into contact with each other during the program of their daily jobs. These systems software programs are made to save countless hrs of information entrance by eliminating the tiresome task of manually getting in details right into spread sheets or journals. Some of these programs are so sophisticated that they can likewise be configured to produce translations from any resource material and afterwards keep them in a data source for future usage or result. A language translator or coding translator is a basic term which can refer to anything which translates text from one language to one more. A program written in low-level language is referred to as source code. The translation from source code to an application program is called target language, and also the resource language and target language are normally the same language. Translators equate these resource codes to targeted languages. A translator is an individual that concentrates on the business of translating languages, while a coding translator translates only text. Numerous firms offer translation and also analysis services onsite or online. There are additionally translation agencies which supply full-service translation projects for large in addition to small businesses. These translation companies may employ language translators and interpreters, in addition to authors, editors and also marketing professionals. Some translation agencies offer translation and analysis work through the Web. A language translator can be an online translator, who works through a browser, or stand-alone translator, who utilizes specialized software. Most common language translations are in between English as well as Spanish. There are likewise various other typical language translations, such as in between German and English or between Portuguese and English. Translation companies as well as translators offer these sort of services. There are many different sort of translation tools and modern technologies, consisting of software application, which translate text from one language to another utilizing algorithms as well as natural languages. This approach of translation conserves time because the translators can locate much more relevant words that need basic synonyms. Sometimes it is feasible to make use of only part of a word in the target language, e.g., if an English-Spanish vocabulary consists of words that can not be translated exactly in Spanish, after that just parts of words are utilized, e.g., “a”, “the”, “be”, “or”. https://apnews.com/press-release/kisspr/lifestyle-technology-business-travel-vacations-af13ea5c69832828f6d5a26b9468c1c2 Some languages do not have single alphabets for every letter of the alphabet, and some letters might show up in more than one location in a word. To produce an accurate translation, a language translator need to take into account every one of the feasible source code words. The source secret language is the specific words discovered in the resource code of the program or documents. For example, if you download and install an audio data from the web, and open it with your preferred word processor, you will see the source code word each time the documents is shown. A computer designer carries out language translation by producing a translation thesaurus which contains the translation for every documents or program. When a program is created, it carries its source code with it, and any type of modifications to the source code are reflected in the language translator instances of these changes are – replacing rooms with tabs (tab personalities make use of a various encoding than areas) and/ or tab personalities changing hyphens. Leave a Reply
Capitalism Has Led to the Exploitation of Women The definition of capitalism, according to marxism, is a socio-economic system based on privatized production and the exploitation of the labor force. In the capitalistic society of today with a free market economy and little government control a group will always be exploited by the privatized sector. This is a flaw of capitalism that can be distinguished all around us if looking close enough. If the exploited are a marginalized group, affects are spotted in modern-day culture. Unpaid labor by women is supported by society; the notion of what a woman symbolizes is seen throughout American culture and for equality among genders to occur, a breakdown of capitalism has to happen. Slavery is the most notable example of an exploitation of labor. The economic success of the United States is built on slavery by the extensive exportation of cash crops and the plantation system. This contributes to having a developed and thriving economy, which has been part of society since the beginning of plantation systems. In this case of a prosperous economy, the exploited were the slaves. A group is always exploited under capitalism, particularly by the privatized businesses (the foundations of capitalism). The idea of exploitation can be shifted to gender instead of skin color. In the past, women were seen as objects for reproductive capabilities. The industrial revolution and plantation systems were built by women. In an article called “The Women of History and Capitalism,” by Tom Cutterham, without the mothering and production of humans, the labor force to power boosts in innovations and economies could never have happened. Yet women in slavery still got raped and sexually assaulted with their rapists being able to get away with the breach in consent– and are still celebrated today. Thomas Jefferson is the third president of the United States and is a “Founding Father of America.” However, rapist and slave owner are often forgotten in his list of achievements. Thomas Jefferson sexually assaulted “his” slave, Sally Hemmings, yet is still seen as a hero of America. Women were looked at as a means of production in a way that failed to give inherent equality and justice to inhumane crimes. Creative Commons The unpaid labor of stay-at-home women in society thrives off capitalism. Household chores are unpaid labor; this includes reproductive and domestic standards women have to fill in our current society. Because of this, the gender inequity gap is increased along with a lack of economic empowerment, according to findings of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Women who spend more time in unpaid labor can’t go and get an education or job; doing household tasks, recreational activities, reproduction and working takes up an impossible amount of time. This leaves the female at a disadvantage to get educated and work in market-based activities compared to a man. Because capitalism has been predominantly patriarchal, women have only been seen as a body. In times past and modern-day, women are essential to a man’s power; having a wife conveys stability, starting a family and settling down. This key idea has made a man seem mature and responsible because they now have to “take care” of a wife and kids. The males maturity in current society solidifies his power in the relationship and to the outside world. If you look at people such as Bill Clinton, Hillary Clinton goes hand in hand, just like Barack and Michelle Obama. This isn’t negating the great things these women have done; however, they are always attached to their male counterparts rather than being individual. Feminism as a construct rivals capitalism. Feminism disturbs the system to get equitable rights for women and equal opportunities. With capitalism today, this has not worked. Feminism is trying to solve the issue of gender inequality that has plagued this society. The private sector that runs the corporations making the gender wage gap has yet to effectively address this issue in society. This problem has yet to be addressed by the privatized sector which leaves the government to get involved to create change, that takes away from capitalism as a construct. In no way is this an argument to move to socialism or communism. Capitalism is ingrained into all aspects of our lives; therefore, that argument would be null. In a perfect world gender inequality wouldn’t exist. That is not the reality of today. Instead, the question arises, when will this society truly have gender equality in a capitalist society?
Is There Royalty In Italy? Who was the first king of Italy? Victor Emmanuel IIVictor Emmanuel II, (born March 14, 1820, Turin, Piedmont, Kingdom of Sardinia—died January 9, 1878, Rome, Italy), king of Sardinia–Piedmont who became the first king of a united Italy.. Who ruled Italy in 1500? the MedicisMeanwhile Italian trade and commerce prospered. The city-states flourished. In the 15th century, Florence was ruled by the Medicis, a family of bankers. (Florence was a republic ruled by an oligarchy but the Medicis managed to control it). Does Italy use a king? Italy voted to abolish its monarchy on 2 June 1946, after which Umberto II became king in pretense. On his death in 1983, he was succeeded by his son Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples. Are there princes in Italy? The title Prince of Italy and the use of the style “Royal Highness” has generally been restricted to the following persons: the legitimate sons of a Sovereign of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946) the legitimate male line descendants of a Sovereign of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946) When did Italy became a country? June 2, 1946Italy/Founded Whose side was Italy on in the Second World War? Who is the current king of Italy? Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy, Prince of Naples (Vittorio Emanuele Alberto Carlo Teodoro Umberto Bonifacio Amedeo Damiano Bernardino Gennaro Maria di Savoia; born 12 February 1937) is the only son of Umberto II, the last King of Italy and his wife Queen Marie-José. Is there a king and queen of Italy? When Marie-Jose of Belgium married Umberto, heir to the throne of Italy, in January 1930 their marriage had all the echoes of history about it, a union of dynasties that would secure a throne. … This is the story of the royal wedding of Umberto and Marie-Jose, the last King and Queen of Italy. When did Italy last have a king? 9 May 1946Umberto II (Italian: Umberto Nicola Tommaso Giovanni Maria di Savoia; 15 September 1904 – 18 March 1983) reigned as the last King of Italy. He reigned for 34 days, from 9 May 1946 to 12 June 1946, although he had been de facto head of state since 1944, and was nicknamed the May King (Italian: Re di Maggio). What is Italian royalty called? patricianOften, Italian comunes (also in the Kingdom of Naples) and republics granted or recognised the title of patrician, which was only regarded as a rank of nobility in Italy. The patriciate was an urban aristocracy, as opposed to a feudal one. The Republic of Venice also granted feudal titles. What came first Italy or Spain? Will Italy become a monarchy again? The heir of the Italian Pretender to the throne, Prince Emanuele Filiberto, has announced the return of the monarchy in Italy in a live televised address to the Italian people on Thursday night. He said in his short speech, “Good evening to all Italians. … When did Italy stop having a king? The monarchy was superseded by the Italian Republic, after a constitutional referendum was held on 2 June 1946 after the World War II. The Italian monarchy formally ended on 12 June of that year, and Umberto II left the country. Can Italy have an army? Why did the Italian monarchy end? As we said, Victor Emmanuel III hoped that by making Umberto II the new king, people might vote to maintain the monarchy. The Italian people, however, had endured tremendous suffering and wanted a new start, which resulted in the vote to become a republic. The Italian monarchy came to an end in June 1946.
Nicolaus Copernicus is one of the most famous astronomers, known for his revolutionary theories. A key person in Copernicus professional life was Georg Joachim Rheticus, whose support was essential to allow the publication and the dissemination of Copernicus works. Nowadays Copernicus is also the name of the Earth observation program of the European Union, that celebrates whit his name the famous astronomer. The enormous flow of data coming from the Sentinels, the satellite constellations supporting the operational needs of the Copernicus programme, are processed and delivered as business-ready information by the Rheticus platform, named by Planetek Italia after the Copernicus pupil. Rheticus includes all the capability to ingest and process the data, extract information and manage it in user-friendly dashboards. Rheticus platform processes every months hundreds of new Copernicus (Sentinel-1) images, over large areas all over the world. All this flow of information generated by several thousand of images allows for example Planetek customers in the field of water and wastewater management, to enhance the network inspection efficiency of more than 30% using information derived from satellite ground motion measured data. (read more about this success story) And so, after 500 years, Rheticus is once again supporting the dissemination of results enhancing Copernicus value.
Column Width: What is the One True Way? Should you limit the width of your source code? You can’t read code that goes off the edge of your screen. So your font size, resolution and monitor all combine to produce a point at which you must break (or at least wrap) your lines of code. I don’t like wrapping. Lines of arbitrary length that wrap wherever I happen to have positioned the right-hand side of my window seem Even if you have plenty of room for more columns, standardising on a smaller number means that when reviewing code you can see changes side by side using a difference viewer. Given that I am going to insert a line break somewhere in my code, where should it go? There are many possible answers. COBOL allows approximately 66 characters for code (72 columns – space for line numbers). Fortran has 72 usable columns from a maximum of 80. xterm and gnome-terminal (among others) open 80 columns wide by default. So does emacs. vim allows 8 columns for line numbers, leaving 72 usable columns on a standard terminal. 80 columns was built in to Apple //e motherboard. Sun’s Code Conventions for the Java Programming Language say: 4.1 Line Length The linux kernel seems to mostly be broken at 80 columns but there are plenty of exceptions (91-column example): File: linux/drivers/firmware/efivars.c Line: 749 printk(KERN_ERR "efivars: Sysfs attribute export failed with error %d. ", error); Some people definitely go wider than 80 columns. If you want to be able to “> ” quote in an email on an 80-column terminal without wrapping, you’ll have to limit yourself to 78, or less for nested quoting. GNUStep coding standards say 80 columns. So do other standards (cites printing as the reason, not screen space). 72 and 80 seem to have originated with punch cards, but are by far the most common standard. So, is 72 or 80 columns old-fashioned? Pointlessly restrictive? Or is it the One True Way? Make a comment and let me know what you think! 3 Replies to “Column Width: What is the One True Way?” 1. I would like to see IDE’s being smarter about how they wrap code. The alternative, losing over half my screen because one person on the team is using 80-column vi, really sucks. 2. Whuh? auto-format. What I want is a source code repository system that is smart enough to just plain not bother with changes that have no effect at all on the Abstract Syntax Tree representation of the code. Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published.
Skip to main content In the UK, diabetes accounts for approximately 10% of the total UK National Health Service (NHS) resource expenditure, a figure that has been predicted to increase to 17% by 2035/2036. Meta-analysis of association studies indicate that yogurt consumption is potentially protective against type 2 diabetes (T2D). The purpose of this study was to explore the potential economic benefit to the UK NHS of a population increase in yoghurt consumption as a preventative measure against development of T2D. A patient simulation model was constructed for adults in the UK over the age of 25 years old using incidence rates for developing T2D with both current and increased yoghurt consumption. The reduction in risk in developing T2D associated with higher yoghurt consumption was taken from a meta-analysis of studies of dairy consumption on T2D risk. In each annual cycle of the model a patient could develop complications and comorbidities that are known to be more common in patients with T2D. Incidence rates for these conditions for diabetics and non-diabetics were taken from published studies. The model had a 25 year time horizon. The model predicts that increasing average yoghurt consumption by adults over 25 years of age in the UK by 100g daily could result in 388,000 fewer people developing T2D over 25 years. This could save the UK NHS £2.3bn in direct T2D treatment costs and the costs of treating T2D associated complications. In addition, 267,000 QALYs would be generated. If the NHS values a QALY valued at £20,000, this would mean that the NHS should be prepared to pay £5.5bn for an intervention that generated the same number of QALYs. Increasing yoghurt consumption in the adult population of the UK by 100g per day could generate substantial cost savings to the NHS as well as significant patient benefit through reductions in the incidence of T2D. Peer Review reports The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly rising and now affects 9% of the global population [1] and is projected to be the seventh leading cause of death by 2030 [2]. Between 2010 and 2030, the prevalence of diabetes has been forecast to increase by 20% in developed countries and 69% in developing counties [3]. In 2015, the costs of diabetes and related complications accounted for 12% of global healthcare budgets, or between USD673 billion and USD1,197 billion [4]. Lifestyle interventions can prevent or delay some cases of T2D and thus reduce the huge economic burden of diabetes [5]. There is an increasing focus on pinpointing food groups that can be used to reduce chronic conditions, and evidence is emerging that dairy products may play an important role in metabolic disease and T2D prevention and management [6]. Dairy products are an important source of protein, fats, vitamins and minerals, but many also contain a proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) [7] which are commonly thought to have a negative effect on cardiometabolic health [8]. However, recent investigations indicate that some types of SFA may actually be beneficial to T2D management; for example, myristic acid has been associated with improved glucose homeostasis [9, 10], and plasma levels of very long-chain SFAs were inversely correlated with T2D incidence in the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study [11]. This may explain why daily consumption of yoghurt has also been linked, in a large meta-analysis, to a lower risk of developing T2D, an association that was not seen for general dairy consumption suggesting that the nutritional composition of yoghurt may have specific benefits in T2D prevention [12]. In the UK, diabetes accounts for approximately 10% of the total UK National Health Service (NHS) resource expenditure, a figure that has been predicted to increase to 17% by 2035/2036 with 80% of this cost as a result of complications [13]. Previous econometric research has highlighted the potential cost effectiveness of dietary interventions to prevent or delay the onset of T2D. “The Mediterranean Diet” and the “Intensive Lifestyle Change to Prevent Diabetes” have been cited as highly cost-effective interventions gaining £410 and £750 per QALY respectively [14]. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommend several interventions for preventing and treating T2D; a systematic review from 2010 indicated that preventative interventions were the most cost-effective, with the strongest evidence available for “primary prevention through lifestyle modification” [15]. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential economic benefit to the UK of an increase in yoghurt consumption as a preventative measure against development of T2D. The primary research question was: How would an increase in the average consumption of conventional yoghurt impact upon UK health care expenditure in the management and treatment of T2D? A supplementary research question was: How would an increase in the average consumption of conventional yoghurt impact upon the quality and length of life for a UK population based on cases of T2D avoided or delayed? The model The patient pathway is shown in Fig. 1 and was used to build a patient simulation model in Microsoft Excel. To summarise the pathway, a virtual subject enters the model with randomly assigned characteristics (age, gender, pre-existing conditions). If he/she does not already have T2D, the risk of developing the disease in each subsequent year is reduced by higher yoghurt consumption. In the model, each year a subject can develop one or several complications, or die; for a subject who already has T2D, the probability of developing a complication is increased. Fig. 1 Patient pathway The modelled population was all people in the UK aged over 25 years. Age and gender distributions were taken from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) population pyramid projections [16]. Effectiveness was derived from Chen et al. [12], a large study, combining 14 prospective cohorts and a total of 459,790 individuals, with 35,863 developing T2D within 4 million patient-years of follow-up. Based upon a correlation between yoghurt consumption and developing T2D, Chen estimated that for each additional serving of 244g of yoghurt, the relative risk (RR) of developing T2D is 0.82. To undertake our modelling, we assumed that the relationship was causative and that risk reduction occurs linearly with changes in yoghurt consumption and adjusted for current average yoghurt consumption in the UK of 20.4g per person per day [17]. In the base case model it was assumed that average daily consumption would rise by 100g to reach 125g (a standard size single serving ‘pot’ in the UK). This equated to a change in the RR of developing T2D from 0.99 at current consumption, to 0.91 if average consumption increased to 125g daily. The RRs were estimated using a linear interpolation between the RR associated with no daily yoghurt consumption (0g, RR = 1), and the RR associated with a daily serving (244g, RR = 0.82). Throughout the model we have taken a conservative approach. Costs incorporated into the model are considered in three categories: direct diabetes management costs; hospital; and non-inpatient costs for treating diabetes-related complications. Diabetes management costs were taken from Hex et al. [13], who reported a mean direct treatment cost (including diabetic medications, primary care visits, retinopathy screening, influenza vaccination and medical examinations) of £513.54 per person with diabetes to the UK NHS. For treatment of complications, costs and resource use were modelled using a recently published logit model that looked at the UKPDS data on healthcare costs [18]. Costs included those for all admissions and inpatient procedures as well as outpatient consultations with GPs, nurses, health visitors, dieticians, chiropodists and eye care specialists. Whether a condition required initial hospitalisation and/or annual on-going treatment post discharge was modelled through a random drawing of the logit model. Parameters of the logit model are summarised in Table 1. Table 1 Logit model values of costs associated with treating complications of T2D The model conservatively considered that the probability of experiencing a particular event, or developing a condition was independent of the presence of others. However, the costs that could be incurred when an event or condition arises could be dependent on the presence of other conditions. For example, having a stroke would not make it more likely a person had a myocardial infarction (MI) in the future but it would make it more likely that an MI would lead to hospitalisation. Other than for foot ulcers (which were considered as a one off certainty of the cost of the event), only the first event of each complication was considered in the model. Specific additional costs were also identified to complete the necessary inputs into the model: • Heart failure and diabetic retinopathy – derived in Sheffield Diabetes model (SDM) from older UKPDS data [19]; • CKD – derived in SDM from NHS reference costs [20]; • Foot ulcer – NHS diabetic foot care report [21]. Quality of Life At the end of each cycle a person exists in an age and disease specific health state. Each health state has an associated level of quality of life that is measured via utility estimates from the literature. With the exception of amputation, all utility values were derived from Sullivan [22] that estimated health states from 80,000 people in the USA and applied UK utility weights to these health states. For lower limb amputation, a utility value was taken from Bagust [23]. The age and disease utility decrements used in the model are given in Table 2. For cardiovascular conditions, the maximum decrement of the three possible conditions in the model was applied if more than one of the conditions was experienced. Table 2 Utility decrements applied in the model Once a condition is experienced, that utility decrement exists for the remainder of the patient’s life (with the exception of foot ulcers). It is noted that the utility value is an average value of people with both good and poor outcomes after events. Disease incidence and prevalence rates Age specific prevalence rates of T2D and age and gender specific prevalence rates of related comorbidities were required to be able to estimate the likelihood of an individual entering the model, already having T2D or an associated comorbidity (with or without the presence of T2D). Similarly, age related incidence rates were required to move people through the model during each annual cycle. The source of each of the incidence and prevalence rates is shown in Table 3. Table 3 Model disease incidence and prevalence rates Relative risks of comorbid disease with T2D The National Diabetes Audit 2011–2012 provided data on the relative increase in the risk of comorbid disease for people with T2D [24]. The audit recorded data from 2.5 million people in England and Wales. The increase in risk for each condition is shown in Table 4. Table 4 Increase in risk of conditions with T2D Mortality occurs in the model in two distinct ways; a person may die from developing a particular condition or event, such as cerebrovascular disease (stroke) or MI; or a person may suffer an ‘all-other cause death’ based upon age and gender derived all-cause mortality data. Individual condition/event mortality rates were taken from published sources shown in Table 5 and all other cause mortality was sourced from the ONS [16]. Table 5 Source of mortality rates Results under the base case assumptions for 100,000 individuals cycled through the model were generated. The average individual and total (extrapolated to all people in the UK over 25) cost savings and QALY gains from higher yoghurt consumption are shown in Tables 6 and 7. Table 6 Estimated base case individual and total UK costs and savings over 25 years for an average daily yoghurt intake of 125g. (Means and 95% CI) Table 7 Estimated base case individual and total UK QALYs and savings over 25 years for an average daily yoghurt intake of 125g The base case results – which are based on a conservative approach to modelling potential benefits - show that if the average daily consumption of yoghurt in the UK for people over the age of 25 increased from 20.4g to a 125g serving, discounted mean savings over five years to the NHS from reducing the rate of T2D and T2D related complications would be £3.21 (95% CI: £2.65, £3.77) per person. This saving would increase each year up to and including the 25 years considered in the model. By 25 years the saving per person from increased yoghurt consumption would be £54.35 (£49.87, £58.82). Applying the average saving to the UK population over the age of 25 would generate total discounted savings to the NHS of approximately £140 million (£116m, £165m) over five years that would increase to £2,377 million (£2,181m, £2,573m) over 25 years if average consumption increased to 125g. From a quality of life perspective, if the average consumption of yoghurt by people over 25 in the UK increased to 125g per day, an average additional 0.0004 discounted QALYs (0.0003, 0.0005) per person over five years would be generated; this would increase to an additional 0.0063 discounted QALYs (0.0056 to 0.0070) after 25 years. At a population level this would generate approximately 276,352 (246,172, 306,532) total additional discounted QALYs over 25 years. If these QALYs were valued at £20,000/QALY as is usually applied by NICE in the UK for approval of therapies, then the NHS should be prepared to pay £5,500m over 25 years for an intervention that would generate the same number of QALYs. Application of the 0.91 risk reduction of developing T2D from average yoghurt consumption of 125g as opposed to the 0.99 risk reduction from the current average of 20.4g has a relatively modest impact on the absolute annual risk of developing T2D in the model. For people aged 60–69, the annual risk of developing T2D in the model is reduced from 0.67% to 0.62%, which was the largest absolute reduction for any age group. However whilst the annual absolute risk reduction is modest, over time this reduction results in a substantial number of avoided incident cases of T2D. In the base case, the model suggests that the absolute reduction in the 25-year risk of developing T2D for a random person over the age of 25 was 0.89% (0.83% to 0.95%). At a population level, this equates to 388,369 (362,939 to 413,800) fewer people developing T2D over 25 years. From this reduction in the risk of developing T2D there is a consequent reduction in the risk of developing the complications of T2D. This in turn could reduce the NHS burden of treating those complications for each individual as well as increases an individual’s quality of life. Specifically over 25 years the modelling predicts that consumption of an additional daily serving of yoghurt in the whole adult population over 25 years old in the UK would reduce the number of people with: • A first cerebrovascular event (stroke) by 4,811 (95% CI: 1,968, 7,654); • Ischemic heart disease by 3,499 (1,074, 5,923); • Heart failure by 1,749 (35, 3,464); • A first myocardial infarction by 1,749 (35, 3,464); • Requiring RRT by 437 (−420, 1,295); • Diabetic neuropathy by 13,558 (8,786 to 18,330); • Lower limb amputation by 3,936 (1,365 to 6,508). The biggest driver of both cost savings and QALY gains in the model results from the reduction in people with T2D itself rather than a reduction in complications. Savings from direct treatment costs of T2D accounts for 91.5% of the total model savings and approximately 85% of the QALY gains. The model also suggested that increased yoghurt consumption to an average of 125g per day would reduce overall mortality over 25 years by 0.005% (0.001% to 0.009%). This equates to there being 2,187 (95% CI: 270 to 4,104) more people who would still be alive after 25 years if yoghurt consumption increased to an average of 125g. We undertook sensitivity analyses of the lower and upper confidence interval for the risk reduction of an extra daily serving of yoghurt on T2D risk reported in Chen adjusted for 125g consumption (0.85 to 0.98). This results in a potential saving to the NHS of an increase in average consumption to 125g a day at a population level of between £0.48 billion and £3.80 billion. QALY savings generated varied between 60,940 and 429,831 and deaths averted between 1,749 and 4,374. We have demonstrated that if the correlation relationship reported in Chen of increasing yoghurt consumption is causative, then increasing yoghurt consumption could be an effective policy for reducing the incidence of T2D. The patient-level simulation model predicts that if in the UK the average consumption of yoghurt increased from 20.4g to 125g daily (an additional 100g) in people over the age of 25 years old, nearly 400,000 fewer people would develop T2D over the next 25 years. Such an approach fits well with National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) 2015 Clinical Guidelines to integrate dietary advice into prevention and treatment of T2D, as well as United Nation goals to reduce the impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as T2D, by reducing modifiable risk factors for NCDs associated with unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and obesity [25]. In terms of the NHS, an increase in the average consumption of conventional yoghurt could help attenuate NHS expenditure on diabetes already predicted to increase to 17% of the total resources by 2035 [13]. Applying the average saving to the UK population over the age of 25 would generate total discounted savings to the NHS of approximately £140 million over five years that would increase to £2.4 billion over 25 years if average consumption increased to 125g. Additional benefits from increased yoghurt consumption might accrue from direct effects on cardiovascular risks. Evidence that fatty acids in dairy may help improve glucose homeostasis [9], and daily consumption of probiotic yoghurt has the potential to improve cardiovascular disease risk factors associated with diabetes [26], provides a rationale for incorporating the consumption of yoghurt into this dietary advice. Yoghurt consumption can also be recommended in addition to other, more targeted interventions, as the financial cost of purchasing the yoghurt falls upon the individual rather than the NHS; if the yoghurt was a replacement for other snacks rather than an additional snack, the cost to the individual might be negligible. In a recently published meta-analysis, Gijsbers supports the findings of the Chen study indicating that yoghurt intake may be non-linearly associated with lower risk of T2D, reporting a 14% lower risk for an intake of 80 to 125g per day compared with zero consumption, which appears to be in line with the absolute risk reduction of our base case [27]. Given the rapidly increasing prevalence of T2D, the findings of this research offer implications for cost-saving measures which could help alleviate the economic burden of T2D, and relieve pressure on the health care infrastructures in the long term in populations beyond the UK. Limitations in model All the analyses related to individuals over the age of 25 and so the model and economic results generated are only for people over the age of 25 years old; however this is reasonable for the condition as T2D is more common after the age of 45 [28]. The Chen meta-analysis [12], on which this research is based, provided longitudinal data from a large number of patients which provides evidence on the RR of developing T2D with different levels of yoghurt consumption based upon the correlation between the two. The Chen data was pooled from retrospective food frequency questionnaires capturing participant food intake over the course of a year, so there is likely to be some recall bias in reporting amounts of foods consumed. Chen compiled data from prospective cohort studies, which allows establishment of statistical associations between events. This does not provide direct proof of effect, individual studies have as much as possible adjusted for confounding factors but the possibility of residual confounding cannot be discarded. To demonstrate causality, randomised controlled intervention trials of increasing yoghurt consumption would be needed. It may be that such studies, including in individuals under 25 years old [29], should now be planned and undertaken. The Chen meta-analysis did not differentiate between plain, flavoured and sweetened yoghurt. Results from 3 recent prospective cohorts indicate that weight loss is observed even with sweetened yoghurt consumption, although the benefit is higher for those who eat yoghurt with a low glycaemic load [10]. In addition, it has been reported that, when observing consumer sweetening behaviour in contextualised conditions, on average a greater amount of sugar is added in plain yoghurt than that found in commercial pre-sweetened yoghurts [30]. Further research could investigate differences in diabetes incidence rates across the various types of yoghurt. Increasing yoghurt consumption in the adult population of the UK by 100g per day could generate substantial cost savings to the NHS as well as significant patient benefit through reductions in the incidence of T2D if the causal relationship between yoghurt consumption and reduced levels of diabetes seen in published studies is confirmed. American Diabetes Association Myocardial infarction National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence Office for National Statistics Renal replacement therapy Saturated fatty acids Sheffield Diabetes model Type 2 diabetes 1. 1. World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases. Geneva: WHO; 2014. Google Scholar 2. 2. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar 3. 3. CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar 4. 4. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes atlas: seventh edition. Brussels: IDF; 2015. 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Ahmad N, Thomas GN, Gill P, Chan C, Torella F. Lower limb amputation in England: prevalence, regional variation and relationship with revascularisation, deprivation and risk factors. A retrospective review of hospital data. J R Soc Med. 2014;107(12):483–9. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar 43. 43. Johannesson A, Larsson GU, Ramstrand N, Turkiewicz A, Wirehn AB, Atroshi I. Incidence of lower-limb amputation in the diabetic and nondiabetic general population: a 10-year population-based cohort study of initial unilateral and contralateral amputations and reamputations. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(2):275–80. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar 44. 44. Centre NCG. Chronic heart failure: the management of chronic heart failure in adults in primary and secondary care. London: National Clinical Guideline Centre; 2010. Google Scholar 45. 45. Cowie MR, Wood DA, Coats AJ, Thompson SG, Suresh V, Poole-Wilson PA, Sutton GC. Survival of patients with a new diagnosis of heart failure: a population based study. Heart. 2000;83(5):505–10. CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar 46. 46. Hobbs FD, Roalfe AK, Davis RC, Davies MK, Hare R. Midlands Research Practices C: Prognosis of all-cause heart failure and borderline left ventricular systolic dysfunction: 5 year mortality follow-up of the Echocardiographic Heart of England Screening Study (ECHOES). Eur Heart J. 2007;28(9):1128–34. Article PubMed Google Scholar Download references Not applicable. This research was funded by an unrestricted grant from Danone Institute International (DII). Availability of data and materials Logit models value table and model probabilities data can be found at Authors’ contributions ILW and AP initiated the study, JM and LC designed and developed the economic model. NF, AP and ILW provided guidance. ILW coordinated the work throughout, NF and AP validated the model assumptions. JM and LC did the data analysis. All authors participated in the literature review, selection of sources and contributed to the interpretation of the analysis outcomes. AW drafted the initial and subsequent versions of the manuscript. NF, AP, LC, JM and ILW critically reviewed each draft of the manuscript. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript. Competing interests ILW is employed by the Danone Company, France. AMP is a member of the board of the Yogurt in Nutrition Initiative (YINI) supported by Danone Institutes International and has received travel support and honoraria. NF is employed by Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark. Consent for publication Not applicable. Ethics approval and consent to participate Not applicable. Author information Corresponding author Correspondence to Irene Lenoir-Wijnkoop. Rights and permissions Reprints and Permissions About this article Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark Cite this article Lenoir-Wijnkoop, I., Mahon, J., Claxton, L. et al. An economic model for the use of yoghurt in type 2 diabetes risk reduction in the UK. BMC Nutr 2, 77 (2016). Download citation • Yoghurt • Type 2 diabetes • T2D • Economic model
Jun 27, 2021 by carter341 dangers of vaping While there may be many good stuff about vaping (e.g., saving on tobacco costs), there are also many dangers of vapourising (e.g., cancer). The main dangers of vapourising are inhalation of both the smoke from burning cannabis and the “burned” vapour from vaporizing pot. Although we shall not go into detail about the problems of inhalation here, it is important to point out that the burnt residue on clothes and hair is quite dangerous, as well as the threat of toxic gases developing in a grow room when equipment for instance a vaporizer or hydronic air cleanser is used. On the other hand, e-liquid – what most people call “juice”, has no taste or smell and is typically water or dietetic replacement food (DIF) made by electronic cigarette companies. There are also many flavours offered which are basically sugar water or fruit juices. When found in a vaporiser, the sugar in the e-liquid neutralises the effect of the herb and nicotine, so the user does not get any of the tar or poison from smoking. This makes e-liquid safe for several ages, although more cautious use is preferred. As well as the health risks of vapourising, there are several other dangers of e-cigarette use that have not previously been raised. For instance, there are a lot of different chemicals found in the manufacturing of e-liquids. The most common chemicals used is propylene glycol (or propylene glycol or partially hydrogenated vegetable oil), a probable carcinogen. Another common chemical is ammonia, that may damage tooth enamel and increase the risk of tooth decay. A few of the other chemicals often within e-cigarette liquid include caustic soda, acetic acid, lactic acid, glycerin, water, potassium hydroxide, potassium sorbate and ethyl acetate. As the dangers of e-cigarettes become better known, the manufacturers of these products will struggle to avoid using these chemicals in any more so the dangers of vaping will rise again. It is hoped that in time the use of these potentially cancer causing chemicals will be wholly taken off all e-cigarette liquid. However, until today the continued use of these chemicals as additives is likely to increase the amount of smokers around the world and in addition raise the threat of many diseases that aren’t related to smoking. Additionally, there are dangers of vapourising that are less well known. For instance, when a person first burns the electric cigarettes in the e-cigarettes, a number of the toxins in the paper may seep out in to Element Vape the liquids that are stored within the e-cigarette. These toxins could be particularly dangerous if they’re consumed, since they show to have very similar effects on organs such as the liver or the kidneys. It’s possible that in time these toxins could cause cancer. It is unknown whether this will be the case with vaporised electric cigarettes, but it is always a possibility. The largest threat of Vaping is that the young adults who are attracted to these devices are not taking the risks that they should, especially when it comes to the fitness of their lungs and of these bodies in general. The youth who use these e cigarettes are more likely to begin smoking at an earlier age and to test out harder to quit tobacco. This is bad news for the entire tobacco industry because young adults represent a huge market for tobacco companies. They are also the biggest consumers of e-juices and the cigarettes, that will only grow in future. We do know there are some dangers of E-Cigarettes weighed against traditional cigarettes, nevertheless the dangers of E-Cigs are significantly less than those of smoking. So, could it be really worth it? The answer will come down to your own private situation and decision. In case you are sure that you cannot quit smoking on your own, then by all means give up on traditional cigarettes and look to the E-Cig alternative. Alternatively, if you are fairly sure that you can quit without using any sort of nicotine product then go on and enjoy all of the great things about E-Cig technology.
What is Cyberbullying and When is it a Crime? By Texas Criminal Defense Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal (972) 369-0577 Texas laws on cyberbullying are somewhat smattered in different places. Some laws are civil and could result in being sued, other infractions may result in school discipline and others are actually criminal. Cyberbullying Defined Harassment or stalking is what most people would consider cyberbullying behavior but online conduct aimed at demeaning, harming or threatening others and may take a variety of forms. The Texas legislature has tried to address cyberbullying in criminal contexts but – there are balances with the first amendment and there is always the problem of keeping up with the ever-changing technological and social norms. How the Education Code Defines Cyberbullying: It’s extremely important to remember, though, the Texas Education Code doesn’t make cyberbullying a crime. It only gives school authorities enhanced abilities to deal with the problem. The reason for this approach is likely the First Amendment which makes it more difficult for the government to actually punish someone for speech or a communication. How the Penal Code Defines Cyberbullying: Texas Harassment statute (Texas Penal Code 42.07) was intended to protect against cyberbullying and it reads (in relevant part), (1) initiates communication and in the course of the communication makes a comment, request, suggestion, or proposal that is obscene; (2) threatens, in a manner reasonably likely to alarm the person receiving the threat, to inflict bodily injury on the person or to commit a felony against the person, a member of the person’s family or household, or the person’s property; (b) In this section: (A) a communication initiated through the use of electronic mail, instant message, network call, a cellular or other type of telephone, a computer, a camera, text message, a social media platform or application, an Internet website, any other Internet-based communication tool, or facsimile machine; This law makes it a class a misdemeanor under 42.07(a)(7) punishable up to 1 year in the county jail and a fine not to exceed $4,000 if the victim is under 18 and the conduct attempt to get the child to either harm themselves or commit suicide. Otherwise it is a class b misdemeanor punishable by 180 days of jail and up to a $2,000 fine. Defending Cyberbullying Charges There is always the first amendment – but not many folks want to take their case all the way up to the Supreme Court. The First Amendment guarantees the government cannot stop people from free communication and expression. There are, of course, limits to free speech. The textbook example is you can’t yell “fire” in a movie theater. Intrinsic to the statute is the bullying needs to be “reasonably” likely to cause the alarm sufficient to convict. This just means the criminal charges have to pass the smell test – though allowing a jury to debate an issue like this can be scary. Juvenile Courts and Cyberbullying Also many cyberbullying cases take case in juvenile courts who have jurisdiction over offenders who are younger than 17 years old. Those courts tend to take more of a collaborative or therapeutic approach to curb future behavior. *Jeremy Rosenthal is certified in criminal law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization. He is recognized as a Texas Super Lawyer by the Thomson Reuters. Comments are closed. %d bloggers like this:
Download Full Text (283 KB) During the twentieth century, the center of production of legal ideas shifted from France to Germany and then to the United States. Here, the dominant legal reasoning framed the law as a phenomenon of social organization that was not confined to a specific legal system. There were both external and internal factors influencing U.S. legal thought which explain this change of wind from continental Europe to the United States. Externally, after World War II the United States garnered influence by positioning itself for political and economic global leadership. Internally, the critique of social purpose functionalism articulated by the legal realists provided new problem-solving approaches integrated in a reconstructive and pragmatic understanding of law called positive-sociology functionalism. Finally, legal diffusion occurred through public law disciplines based on U.S. constitutional law theories of rights, neo-formalism, and balancing conflicting policy analysis. The diffusion of legal education takes place through law schools, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), international financial institutions (IFIs) and other avenues, and with different political agendas, often in conjunction, for instance, with law and development reforms or more broadly due to the prestige of U.S. legal training and academia. U.S. legal thought reached Latin America, Asia, Europe and Africa through the transplant of legal institutions. The diffusion of U.S. legal styles often changed the process rather than the content of legal education, which resulted in local curriculum reforms that reflected the more pragmatic U.S. education style. Some scholars have harshly criticized the export of U.S. legal thought for its distinct adversarial judicial process that decentralizes power and privatizes disputes while creating advantages for the powerful and wealthy, expanding inequality and social stratification. Others have instead claimed that the diffusion of teaching methods geared to the adoption of U.S.-based clinical legal education aims at informing, adapting, and promoting social justice in a way that addresses the contextual realities of the importing country. Publication Date Book Title Constitutionalism in the Americas Edward Elgar Pub U.S. law, legal education Law \| Legal Education The Global Diffusion of U.S. Legal Thought: Changing Influence, National Security, and Legal Education in Crisis
What Family Is The Piano In? image what family is the piano in banner When we talk about instruments, I’m always asked about where the piano belongs. It’s kind of a tricky question and one hotly debated by musicians of all levels. I did some research into the different arguments and ideas, so I could better answer for my students: What family is the piano in? The piano is considered to be part of the percussion, string, and keyboard family all at the same time. Strong arguments are possible for any of these three families, and it’s important to know why. Look ahead as we dig into the details. What Makes An Instrument Family? First, you need to know what makes an instrument part of a specific family. Most people incorrectly assume it’s based on what the instrument is made of or looks like. This assumption leads to some embarrassing moments in the music world. Even publishers will make posters or content with the flat-out wrong information. Although, this does lead to some good discussion with my students on why they’re wrong. Instruments are sorted into families by how they create their sound. It has nothing to do with how they look, although the names are drawn in some ways from how they look. Here are the main instrument families and what it takes to be part of the family: • Brass* = Buzzing lips into a tube • Woodwind = Vibrate a reed or split the air • Strings = Pluck, strum, strike, or draw a bow across strings • Percussion = Hit, shake, or scrape (rub together) anything *The brass family is the most confusing. The material doesn’t matter; if you buzz, it’s part of the brass family. There are some who would add another family into this, the keyboard family. But there are many musicians who don’t consider this a true instrument family. We’ll dig into this in the next section. Learn about when to start piano lessons. image what family is the piano in pin What Family Of Instruments Does The Piano Belong To? With a better understanding of what makes an instrument belong to a family, we can dive into the debate and see why some argue one way or the other. One group argues the piano is a member of the string family. Inside every piano are two strings per key. Most standard-sizes pianos have 88 keys which means 176 strings. When you press the key, a small felt hammer strikes the strings creating the classic piano sound. Those who believe the piano is a string instrument argue the source of vibration from the instrument comes from the strings. This makes it strongly a member of the string family. Another vocal group is the one arguing the piano is a member of the percussion family. As we mentioned above, to be considered a percussion instrument, you must hit, shake, or scrape (rub together) the instrument. In this way, the percussion family lays claim to many instruments which are non-traditional. It’s not uncommon to use different sized vehicle brakes (yes, the kind that stops your car) as an instrument. Because when you press the key, it’s a hammer hitting the strings, percussion advocates argue the method of play is more like the percussion family. Keyboard Family The final group is a little smaller than the other two. These people argue the piano is part of a different family altogether called the keyboard family. This family includes any instrument played by the method of pressing down keys. This would then include digital pianos, celeste, harpsichords, and organs. Some argue this family isn’t entirely legitimate as the focus is on how the instrument creates sound rather than what method the instrument is played with. According to the people, organs are a woodwind instrument because they create sounds by pushing air through pipes. The electronic keyboard or piano would be a member of the electric family of instruments. Those who support the keyboard family argue the technique used in playing all these are so similar, the instruments belong together in a separate group. Interestingly, in my experience, piano players strongly support this argument while other musicians tend to favor one of the two from above. Check out hints for how to memorize the piano keys. What’s My Opinion? What’s the answer? What do I think? It doesn’t really matter. Most importantly, you and your students know why people argue each family is an option. The debate alone allows you to engage in serious higher order reasoning and debate skills. As I was typing this article up, I asked my wife (also a music teacher though she focuses on band) what she thinks. Her answer was a combination of percussion and strings with a slight edge towards percussion. She didn’t recognize the keyboard family as a true separate family. Then she forced me to choose. If I had to pick one, I’d say the keyboard family. Yes, the way you create the sound is important and the way we split up most instruments, but the technical playing stays true across so many keyboard instruments, I feel it’s better to associate them on their own. At the end of the day, we didn’t get upset by this and neither should you. It’s more important in life to be able to make a conclusion and back up your reasoning. Now you know a little more about what family the piano is in. Whether you say string family, percussion family, or keyboard family, the instrument is once of the most iconic in the music world. Ultimately, it’s up to you what you consider it to be a part of. But if you’re a teacher, this is a great jumping point for a debate and discussion with your students to reach some higher order thinking skills. Interested in improving your piano skills? Check out Flowkey for free to access courses, practice tools, and over 1,500 songs of all playing levels. This is an affiliate link which means I earn a small commission if you end up buying the premium (but affordable) plan. But seriously, this program is awesome; you should check it out for free too. Zach VanderGraaff Zach VanderGraaff is a K-5 music teacher with Bay City Public Schools in Michigan. He's a Past-President of the Michigan Kodaly Educators and Executive Secretary of the Midwest Kodaly Music Educators Association. Recent Posts One-Time Music Virtual Conference For As Low As $15!
Another Climate Change Concern: Forced Migration September 29, 2017 Jennifer Leaning giving a talk. Harvard faculty urge development of early warning systems and robust government responses to ease the effects of climate change Harvard Gazette By Alvin Powell, Harvard Staff Writer Climate change is a "risk factor" for forced migration, like in the European refugee crisis, experts on health, migration, and disaster relief told a symposium Thursday, urging development of early warning systems and robust government responses to ease the effects of climate-related problems. Jennifer Leaning, the Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Professor of Health and Human Rights at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, said that, although controversial in the 1990s, the idea that climate change can play a role in sparking mass migrations like the those in the world today has become more widely accepted. The extent of climate change's contribution to the 66 million people on the move globally remains imprecise, but several experts said it is nonetheless important to include it in analyses of why people emigrate, what happens to them during their journeys, and how that affects their health. Ashish Jha, K.T. Li Professor of International Health and director of the Harvard Global Health Institute, described climate change's impact on migration as akin to the effects of smoking and heart disease. It's known that smoking is a risk factor for heart disease, but its contribution to any particular case compared with other factors, like diet, exercise, and heredity, is difficult to quantify. That doesn't prevent physicians from warning against cigarettes, however. Scientists predict that climate change will not just warm the planet but also foster weather extremes, intensifying storms, and thereby making crop-killing droughts and flooding rains more common, heat waves hotter and longer, and sea levels high enough to threaten coastal dwellers, particularly during extreme tides such as those during hurricanes and other coastal storms. Leaning, director of the FXB Center for Health and Human Rights, said that good governance is a major mitigating factor in climate shifts, though she also said even countries like the United States, that have both wealth and effective governments, are at risk for the most extreme storms, like hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria. The torrential, enduring rains from Harvey, she said, overwhelmed even Houston's modern, effective governance, while Maria's impact on the Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory, could lead to significant migration to the mainland. Leaning cited media reports that indicated thousands of Puerto Ricans had escaped to the mainland before the storm and that Maria's destruction had so affected basic needs such as food, shelter, and employment that tens of thousands more — possibly even hundreds of thousands — could follow. Unlike other parts of the world, where the mass migration of one ethnic group can cause competition for resources and foster ethnic tension, in this case, she said, the U.S. East Coast is wealthy and has an existing Puerto Rican population, so she didn't expect the influx to become a strain on the whole economic and governmental system. Leaning made her comments during a keynote talk at a half-day symposium called "Climate Change, Migration and Health" and sponsored by the Harvard Global Health Institute. The event, held at the Radcliffe gymnasium, also featured panel discussions on the topic and remarks by Jha. Leaning said that climate issues likely played a part in sparking the ongoing European refugee crisis, through a prolonged drought in northern Syria that devastated the agricultural livelihood of people there. Its effects were exacerbated by an inadequate government response that caused a million Syrians to migrate internally to cities where the majority population was ethnically different. Those cities, already stressed by the arrival of 1.5 million refugees from Iraq, were also the sites for rising unrest that led to Syria's civil war, which caused millions to flee the country. Under current international law, Leaning said, those leaving their homelands for environmental reasons wouldn't be considered refugees, a legal status reserved for those driven out because of race, religion, nationality, or politics. The label also doesn't cover the many millions displaced from their homes who don't cross international borders, but who nonetheless need help. Economic and organizational pressures stemming from the new arrivals can foster local unrest and even conflict. Warfare confined to a single country is particularly worrisome because it isn't regulated by international strictures and is more prone to atrocities such as ethnic cleansing, war crimes, and genocide, Leaning said. "I won't go into the way in which the world is awash with wars, and awash with weapons, and awash with young people who don't have a sense of the future. We all know and understand this," Leaning said. "It's quite a direct link" to climate change. "It's not the only link, and it's not causal link, but there are associations between climate change, migration, entering alien spaces, conflict in those alien spaces, and then armed conflict. "We're very much concerned with how you prevent these wars, which is why we're cycling back to climate change." Early warning systems, Leaning said, can give governments and international actors a chance to intervene before a dispute turns hot. Famine early warning systems are most advanced, and others — such as identifying atrocities — are being developed. Health care, human migration, and climate change are critical international concerns, Jha said. Health care constitutes a significant part of the U.S. economy. Migration has fed reactionary movements that, among other things, just led to election of far-right members to the German parliament for the first time since World War II. In addition, he said, the United States has just witnessed three major storms, each large enough to be historic in its own right, in line with climate predictions that they will become more frequent and intense. "Climate change is already beginning to have an effect," Jha said. "By all measures, it's only going to get worse." The panelists discussed care for migrants and the need for action, even amid continued uncertainty about what moves will prove most effective. Elizabeth Donger, a research associate at the FXB Center for Health and Human Rights at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, said it's important to think hard about what happens to refugees when they arrive in their new homes. The practice of sending people to temporary camps is reflective of an expectation that their stay will also be temporary, which experience says is hardly always the case, Donger said. Statistics show that the typical stay of a refugee is 26 years, which makes it important that host nations don't just warehouse them and instead provide education, job training, and work permits that allow them to become productive members of society. Harvard Humanitarian Initiative Director Michael VanRooyen, professor of emergency medicine and of global health and population, and director of the Emergency Department at Brigham and Women's Hospital, said the impact of climate-related disasters will likely fall most heavily on the world's poorest nations, which lack the resources of countries like the United States to respond. "We know there's a direct link between the impact of disasters and human vulnerability," VanRooyen said. Though more study is needed to understand better the climate-related risks to health — whether through famine, war, or storms — VanRooyen warned that uncertainty is not an excuse for inaction. Centuries of experience, after all, have shown where disasters are most likely to hit. "We work pretty closely with the Philippines, for example, and we know, predictably, the Philippines is going to be hammered by 25 major storms a year, and two or three of them will be epic in nature," VanRooyen said. "Just because we're uncertain doesn't mean we shouldn't act. Just because we can't quantify it doesn't mean it's not real." Image: Kris Snibbe/Harvard Staff Photographer
Ivanhoe- Ulrica the Hag December 2, 2016 General Studies Describe how the reader learns more about the character as each part is revealed. In his novel Ivanhoe, Sir Walter Scott first introduces the reader to his wild character Ulrica the Hag in chapter 24, where she is known as Urfried. She is spinning in the turret of de BA…”uf’s castle where the captured Jewess Rebecca is led by two guardsmen. Scott describes the woman as an “old sibyl,”” muttering a Saxon rhyme as she spins. Rebecca’s guards taunt the “old hag,”” calling her an “old house-cricket,”” though they do acknowledge there was a time when Dame Urfried’s slightest word “would have cast the best man-at-arms out of his saddle;- these days, however, Urfried is subject to the command of every groom. . We Will Write a Custom Essay Specifically For You For Only $13.90/page! order now Urfried tells Rebecca how her youthful beauty was twice as great as the looks of the Jewess herself. According to the old hag, she had a powerful position in Front de BA…”uf’s castle in her youth. Though given a look of “malignant envy- from Dame Urfried, Rebecca treats the old woman with respect, calling her “good mother- and asking her mercy. The contempt Urfried shows the beautiful Rebecca suggests that the hag is more than capable of great evil; her disdain foreshadows the possibility of her causing harm to someone later in the book. . Urfried shows Rebecca little pity or mercy because the hag was shown no mercy as a young women. Her harsh life has made her very hard and bitter in her premature old age. The only mercy she shows the Jewess is when Rebecca is able to persuade Urfried to leave the imprisonment of the tower and help the wounded Ivanhoe. . The old woman reveals most of her character through her conversation with Cedric, whom she stops in the castle, thinking he is a priest. She reveals that her name is really Ulrica, and she is the daughter of the thane of Torquilstane, who was murdered by Front de BA…”uf’s father. Cedric, a fellow Saxon, is shocked to hear this news: his father was a friend of Torquil Wolfganger. I'm Amanda Check it out
Macra Na Feirme is engaging with the UN sustainable development goals (SDGs), promoting and developing them throughout the work of the organisation. The SDGs are 17 diverse goals that were developed in consultation with 8m people worldwide to fight inequality and injustice, end extreme poverty and tackle climate change. There are 17 goals with 169 targets and indicators used to measure the progress of the goals. Why is Macra getting involved? These goals are relevant to the Macra membership, whether they are farming, working or studying, especially SDG 15 life on land, SDG 8 decent work and economic growth and SDG 4 quality education. The SDGs are a key tool in reaching a sustainable future for everyone and living sustainable lives is key to a prosperous future for young people. The goals demonstrate how the local, national and global connect. Engaging with the SDGs will help create awareness within the membership of the larger impact of the actions of their Macra clubs towards creating more sustainable, active and vibrant communities. The future of young people and the future of farming depends on sustainability. Sustainability is affected by individual actions, community actions and organisational actions. By engaging with the SDGs, Macra hopes to broaden the perspective and understanding of sustainable practices of the individual and collective community. Macra is already doing a lot towards the SDGs – of particular relevance is SDG 3 good health and wellbeing. The symbol for SDG 3 and SDG 6 clean water and sanitation will be seen on the rural youth calendar for September, as the SDGs most relevant to September’s theme of Mind Yourself. The rural youth committee has created a space for the SDGs throughout this year’s rural youth calendar, where there are two SDGs associated with each month on the calendar. If you want to find out more and get involved, contact your local TDO or the Rural Youth committee
Early Technic Tumbler Tracks v2 After making version 1, I wondered if it would be possible to make a version that would continue in the new direction after tumbling backwards. There was some empty space left in the design of version one for some extra mechanics. Then the question was how to make a switching mechanism. Early Technic Lego does not have that many options as the current-day Lego has. The basic idea quickly came to mind (I don’t know how, it was just there) to use gravity. It seemed the easiest solution, I guess. The video shows that it works as a proof of concept, but there is a big downside to the design, which I discuss below. Building instructions You can also use the photos below, be it that the design is slightly different from the Ldraw version. This slideshow requires JavaScript. Basic solution Something had to tumble over to make a different connection between gears and wheels or gears and engine. I opted for the engine because it is heavier than the gear box in version 1. If the tumbling part is not heavy enough the power of the engine combined with the resistance in the gears may simply lift the mechanism back upwards instead rotating the gears. That would cause a lot of noise and wear on the gears. As you can see in the design, the weight of the engine itself was still not entirely enough. One option would be to increase the distance between the engine and its pivot point, but there was no space for that. Well, unless I would lengthen the wheel-base, but that was not an option because I lacked enough chain links to do that. So, the other option was to put more weight on the engine with extra plates. One downside of the design concerns the gear box. It contains to sets of gears, both connected to the same axle that drives both tracks. The engine connects to one set when it is in the ‘down’ position (when the studs of the vehicle point upwards), and to the other set if it is in the ‘up’ position (i.e. when the vehicle is upside down and the studs point downwards). The gear box gears down to power the tracks but that means that while that happens the other part of the gear box is gearing up (powered by the drive axle). Even though it is not driving anything this other side still uses power from the engine for nothing. It could be solved by using freewheels but to my knowledge they do not exist in Lego. Perhaps one could make one or find another solution, but I didn’t have the time to search. My impression is that this downside of the gear box has an effect on the machine: it does not easily start, it seems. In my build, that may also have been caused by two other factors. Firstly, the engine that I am using in the demo video is quite old and a bit hesitant. Secondly, there seemed to be something wrong with the on-off switch in the power box. I left the Lego at my mother’s place, so I cannot work on it for the time being.
How Technology Is Used To Change The Way We Look How Technology Is Used To Change The Way We Look Technological advancements of the last century have been astounding, enabling people to lead very different lifestyles then those of their parents and grandparents. For the most developed nations, technology is a critical component of life as we know it. From work tasks to personal entertainment, humans are “plugged in” to technology 24/7 and learning new things at amazing rates. Experts estimate that there will be some 6.5 mobile device subscribers worldwide by the end of 2012, many of them young adults. (Source, Mobithinking) There is a growing population of scientists who believe that technology is actually changing the way the brain works and how we as humans perceive the world around us. Smartphone Video The coolest thing about technology is that it not only causes humans to think on new levels, but it also transforms the way we behave and look at the world. Interestingly enough, there are rising numbers of people who are using technology to change the way they look. Let’s take a closer look at some of the trends out there that are related to technology’s influence over human self-perception. The Drive for Perfection– Thanks to Technology Does technology cause humans to want to be more perfect? Some studies have indicated that the use of interactive technologies, have caused people to feel less than perfect. The images of ultra-svelte men and women on websites, on television programs, in video games, and virtual reality communities has created a booming market for plastic surgery. Yet, the reality is that many people go out of their way to get attention based on piercings, tattoos, wild hair colors, and other forms of body modifications. Case in point–the “bagel heads” that are trending in Japanese culture. Bionic Bodies from Technology Research Not all humans have been using technology to make freakish modifications to their bodies. For the thousands of American and British veterans who have come back from war missing limbs, technology is making it possible to lead normal lives again. From prosthetic arms and legs to full body robotics, disabled humans are able to handle the physical demands of their lifestyles in some amazing ways. Poly Technology The major push behind this change in how humans can look and perform has been spurred on by military research over the last decade. Humans want to do things better and faster; therefore companies are spending a fortune on technological research to give humans almost bionic abilities. Watching runners with prosthetic feet outpace their non-disabled counterparts during the most recent Olympics is proof enough that looking different can be a good thing. Glasgow Science Centre Science and Technology of Future Human Appearance What does the future hold for human evolution as a result of technology? Scientists who have been studying the subtle changes in human appearance over the last few decades indicate some surprising facts. A recent MSNBC article shared Yale University professor Steven Yearns’ take on human evolution when he said that “globalization, immigration, cultural diffusion and the ease of modern travel will gradually homogenize the human population, averaging out more and more people’s traits.” This means many recessive traits, such as blue eyes, pale skin, and lighter hair colors will become less prevalent. Future humans will look similar, being taller, darker skin, and darker hair and eye colors. While no one really knows how technology will continue to change how we as human beings will look, one thing is certain–technology will continue to be a leading force in our evolution and the way we see the world and each other. About the Author: Steven Chalmers covers different technology companies across the web, including one that can be found here. In his free time, he’s a web application developer. featured image By Ehsan Hoque About the Author View All Articles
What is bias? Bias occurs when an algorithm produces results that are systemically prejudiced due to erroneous assumptions in the machine learning process. Machine learning bias generally stems from problems introduced by the individuals who design and/or train the machine learning systems. These individuals could either create algorithms that reflect unintended cognitive biases or real-life prejudices. The individuals could also introduce biases because they use incomplete, faulty, or prejudicial data sets to train and/or validate the machine learning systems. What are the different types of bias? • Algorithm bias: This occurs when there’s a problem within the algorithm that performs the calculations that power the machine learning computations. • Sample bias: This occurs when there’s a problem with the data used to train the machine learning model. • Prejudice bias: This bias occurs when the data used to train the system reflects existing prejudices, stereotypes, and faulty societal assumptions, thereby introducing those same real-world biases into the machine learning itself. • Measurement bias:  This bias arises due to underlying problems with the accuracy of the data and how it is measured or assessed. • Exclusion bias: This bias occurs when an important data point is left out of the data being used, something that can happen if the modelers don’t recognize the data point as consequential. How to prevent bias? • Select the training data that is large and appropriately representative to counteract common types of bias. • The data should be tested and validated to ensure that the results of machine learning systems don’t reflect bias. • Monitor machine learning systems to ensure that biases don’t creep in overtime as the systems continue to learn as they work. type your search Get in touch with us. Our team is here to help you! For general inquiries: For Media Relations: For Investor Relations: For Careers:
Keating: Coming Together on Government Debt February 26, 2021 by Maryann O. Keating, Ph.D. Personal advice like, “Don’t buy a house costing more than three times your annual salary” or “Mortgage payments should be no larger than a quarter of your take home monthly income,” are useful. In these contentious times, wouldn’t it be great if Americans, regardless of political persuasion, could adopt a rule of thumb regarding Federal budget deficits? The federal government in 2020 spent about $26.3 out of every $100 produced. Approximately half of all Americans would prefer the government to spend more and the other half, less. That’s politics, but government debt hygiene is a separate issue. In 2020, U.S. Federal government spending resulted a record budget deficit equal to 14.9 percent of GDP, the dollar value of everything produced. The 2020 deficit as a share of GDP hasn’t been this high since WWII. Total federal debt outstanding, the accumulation of previous deficits, now exceeds 100 percent of GDP. About 23 percent of total U.S. government debt is held by agencies like the Social Security Trust Fund. Foreign governments hold about a third of the remaining public debt. Can a nation run deficits and increase its national debt indefinitely? In a worst-case scenario, high interest payments on national debt captures such a large percentage of tax revenue that a government is forced to default. Then, residents and foreign lenders will refuse to hold or purchase additional government bonds. Finally, revenue from the sale of government securities will be swapped for ownership of public and domestically owned assets. At this point, international organizations, in return for providing needed financial relief, will dictate domestic economic policy. No wonder economics is called the dismal science. Some economists express little concern over government spending and minimize the warnings of others from both political parties. They argue that government debt is essentially different from private debt. Governments are theoretically able to borrow from the future indefinitely by rolling over bonds as they come due. However, this implies that people continue to buy and hold government treasuries. Fortunately, for the United States, the public at home and abroad have been willing to hold dollar denominated bonds issued by the Treasury to finance its annual deficits. Holders trust that the U.S. government remains in a position to increase taxes to meet future interest payments and, furthermore, is committed to maintaining the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar. Can a government inflate its way out of debt, essentially paying back dollars worth less than when the bonds were originally issued? Perhaps, but this assumes some naiveté on the part of bondholders who will eventually catch on to the scheme and require bonds with higher interest rates and shorter terms to maturity. Attempts to inflate away the debt burden would also require some monetary policy gymnastics on the part of the Federal Reserve to repress interest rates as well as guarding against moderate inflation morphing into hyperinflation. Ultimately, tax revenue relative to government spending is the key. The U.S. has experienced a Federal budget deficit each year since 2001. Deficits and increasing debt occur whenever government spending exceeds taxes collected. Surprisingly, given the 2020 decline in GDP, Federal tax revenues have not fallen as precipitously. How can this be? Tax reform and deregulation put the pre-2020 national economy on a sturdy foundation. Similarly, Indiana tax revenue appears to have declined less than 1 percent between 2019 and 2020. This is good news, indeed. However, going forward, it is essential that new taxes, regulations and other programs not suppress the economy and inadvertently result in reduced tax revenue. Congress, the national and state administrations and we the people have used the pandemic to justify an unprecedented spending binge. But ultimately debt has to be paid with a transfer of real resources to debtors. Presently, the U.S. debt burden is not critical, but to avoid future austerity it is essential to get a handle on annual deficits. To maintain Social Security, Medicare, defense and public works in the long run, Americans could target surpluses-deficits as a percentage of GDP to the average percentage growth in GDP. Congress inevitably will try to circumvent such a ceiling, but the people would have the sense to realize that, barring major events, deficits exceeding the potential GDP annual growth rate of 3 percent are out of line. Reality will mug us sooner or later and we will realize that spending that continually exceeds normal ranges cannot be ignored. Leave a Reply
Nationwide NRC: All You need to Know- Shaina Khurana Nationwide NRC: All You need to Know Share this The National Register of Citizens (NRC) has always been an issue of debate in India and recently has gained even more spotlight with the upcoming discussions of extending it nationwide. The National Register of Citizens is based on the principle of Citizenship by Registration under the Citizenship Act of 1955 and has been mentioned under the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003. The register contains the names of Indian Citizens. The register was prepared in the year of 1951 and recorded all the persons that had been enumerated during the census of 1951. Motive behind the creation of NRC The motive behind the creation of the register was the vast population exchanges taking place due to partition as well as communal riots. However, it has been updated only for the state of Assam in 1971, due to the continuous flow of illegal immigrants from neighboring countries mainly Bangladesh. As a result, the main purpose behind maintaining the register is not only having a record of all the Indian citizens but also to facilitate the identification of such illegal immigrants in order to deport them out of the country. Updation of the NRC in Assam The NRC was updated again in 1979 when there was an agitation in the state claiming a violation of community rights. It was claimed that participation of illegal immigrants into the election process negatively affected the choice of the indigenous population in the matters of electing their political representatives. Later, in 1985 the agitation carried forward by the All Assam Students’ Union ended with the intervention of the Assam accord. As a result of this record, all the people who had entered into the state within the period of 1966 and 1971 would be deleted from the electoral rolls and consecutively lose their voting rights as well as people entering at the eve of the Bangladesh War, 1971 would be declared foreigners and deported. This accord had its negative effects as those who could not prove that they or their ancestors entered the country before the eve of the war would be declared to be foreigners and hence deported. However, issues continue to erupt with numerous petitions filed to the Supreme Court regarding the updation of the NRC and deportation of individuals. The latest update of the Supreme Court-monitored- NRC concluded in August 2019 with 19 lakhs of the 3.29 crore applicants ruled out as immigrants or non-citizens resulting in a wave of disappointment among the population of the state as well as the Assam State Government. Moving towards a Nationwide NRC Pertaining to the above on 20th November 2019, Union Home Minister suggested for the preparation of a Nationwide NRC, negating the SC monitored-NRC and redoing the entire process for the entire country including Assam. There has been a lot of discussion regarding the effect of a nationwide national register of citizens and most have been linking it to the political scenario at present. The biggest criticism behind the policy has been to favour the supposed Hindu vote bank of the ruling party. The government has been unable to assure the population otherwise as the Muslim citizens remain anxious given the larger ecosystem for minorities in India. There have always been agitations throughout the country claiming the Muslim culture to taint the rights and culture of the indigenous population especially when it comes to the political scenario. The rising vigilante crimes and mob lynchings against the Muslim citizens of the country and lack of remedies have further pushed them into the clutches of fear. People from neighbouring countries such as Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan have always been migrating into the country in search of better opportunities and acting like the cheap labour class for households as well as other service industries, generations of them settling down in India. It suffices to say that proven foreigners, these individuals will be uprooted from their homes and livelihoods. It is believed that it would allow a clearer population demographics of the country and promote fairer elections as the foreigner’s who has somehow made their way into the electoral rolls will be deleted and the government could focus its resources towards the right direction. However, we refuse to consider the total resources that will be expended in the entire process of registration and conducting trials on claims of being labeled a foreigner incorrectly. The registration process in Assam alone involved an investment of 1600 crore rupees on the infrastructure and manpower. There have been proposed various methods to achieve a speedy registration but each at a large cost, which once again makes us wonder if the resources of the nation are being allocated towards a party agenda or the overall development of the people. A large question mark also lies upon the process of identifying a person as a citizen, for the most part of the Indian education is still illiterate and would hardly have any documentation to prove their citizenship, on the other hand merely granting citizenship on the basis of soil might be unfavourable to the other strata which is yet to stake a claim on land such as tribes, farm labourers etc. Looking from another perspective, it can also be a proof of one’s rights if questioned by another and would surely facilitate one to enjoy access to government facilities and amenities. Under the current wave of nationalisation, it could also prove to be a shield for many and prevent unwarranted riots and agitations. One can not exactly tell what would be the effects of NRC on the Indian demographics clearly and can only speculate, however, we just wish that the positives of this exercise overshadow it’s negatives as the government plans its application throughout the country. Nationwide NRC: All You need to Know- Shaina Khurana Shaina Khurana Leave a Reply
How do seat belts help to prevent blunt trauma in a car crash? A three-point seat belt or harness straps and secures the person’s torso to the car seat. It rests on the shoulder, chest, and lower abdomen near the hip. During a collision, the seat belt transfers the force of impact into the passenger and these attachment points become the site of blunt trauma. How does a seat belt reduce injury during a car crash? Seat belts stop you tumbling around inside the car if there is a collision. However, they are designed to stretch a bit in a collision. This increases the time taken for the body’s momentum to reach zero, and so reduces the forces on it. Why are seat belts so important in a crash? What are the 3 ways a seatbelt helps in the event of a crash? Seat Belts: How They Save Lives • Keeps the occupants of the vehicle inside. … • Restrains the strongest parts of the body. … • Spreads out any force from the collision. … • Helps the body to slow down. … • Protects your brain and spinal cord. THIS IS IMPORTANT: Question: Will engine light come on if transmission is bad? Are bigger cars safer? Has anyone died from wearing a seatbelt? Of those thrown completely out of a vehicle in a car crash, 75% died. Only one percent of people totally ejected from their cars had on a seat belt during the crash. Over 30% were not wearing seat belts. What will happen if drivers do not use seat belt? Passengers in a vehicle who are not wearing a seat belt can become projectiles during an accident. Unbuckled passengers can very easily be ejected through the front, rear or side windows, resulting in death. Do seat belts cause more accidents? When you use safety belts you increase your chances of surviving a collision by more than? Do seat belts tighten in a crash? Seat belts automatically tighten with hard braking or when the vehicle strikes an object. The belt should contract long enough to restrain the user during impact with another vehicle as well as the secondary impact of striking objects within the car. THIS IS IMPORTANT: Does a DC motor generate AC? Is it a crime to not wear a seatbelt? No criminal charges are filed if a person violates Vehicle Code 27315 VC. This is because it’s not a crime if a person does not wear a seat belt. Violations of VC 27315 are infractions under California law. Violators are not subject to incarceration or any other criminal penalties. How can seat belts be improved? Reduction of belt pressure on the shoulder without decreasing the strap storage capacity or wearing clearance. – Reduction of the belt efforts required for strapping the belts by means of improvements in the operation of the retraction mechanism and by reducing belt deployment friction outside the retractor. How should you sit in a vehicle with airbags? Front airbags are installed in all new cars.
What was originally used to make violin strings? What do cats, tennis, doctors, cows, and violins have in common? The answer is… catgut! Catgut sutures have been around a long time. Yes, that’s what’s used to make absorbable stitches, even today. Absorbable stitches are those that don’t need to be removed. They just kind of break down and become part of your skin. Making catgut is a pretty lucrative business, as there is still a fair demand. Where do they get all this catgut? Umm… you know when a vet puts your cat to sleep and then takes them into the back room? Well…… The truth is… if your cat is sitting with you as you read this, and is making a face like the cat above, you can tell your pussy not to worry; it isn’t, and never was, made from actual cat guts. Theoretically, you could use your cat’s intestines to make catgut string, but when compared to the string you get from cows and sheep, it’s not worth the trouble. A cow intestine can produce catgut string that is up to 160 feet long. Your cat’s intestine is small potatoes, compared to that. So, why the hell is it called catgut, when no cats were harmed in the production of this string? I’ll get to that in a bit. First, let’s find out exactly what this string is. As I just said, it comes from the intestines of cows. Mostly cows, these days. Sometimes from sheep, pigs or even horses… but cow catgut is the biggest current industry. When cows are slaughtered for meat, the intestines are saved and processed. Here is a cross section of intestine: The part we want, to make catgut, comes mostly from the submucosa, and the externa layers. These two layers contain the collagen, which is what we’re looking for. Collagen is found throughout the bodies of mammals, and some other vertebrates. Wherever structural strength and elasticity is required in soft tissue, you may find collagen there. Skin, for instance; strong and elastic. The intestines also need to be strong and elastic, for when we eat a lot of food, in order for the intestines to stretch without bursting, and then to contract back to normal size after food passes. This collagen is made up of strong stretchy fibers. At slaughter houses, the intestines are usually slit in half, thirds, or quarters, lengthwise. This would make different thicknesses, for different uses. So the above cross-section would make two, three, or four long lengths. These are then soaked in a series of solutions and caustic solvents, which dissolves away all the tissue except for the strong collagen fibers. Once all these fibers are clean and pure, it is then stretched, twisted, and allowed to dry under tension. What remains is catgut string; pound for pound, one of the strongest strings there is. In that regard, it’s stronger than a comparable weight of steel wire, in fact. Various gauges (diameter) of catgut are produced, depending on what its ultimate use is to be. There are three main industries where catgut is used. The first is as surgical suture material. In western countries, it is being replaced by other materials that also are absorbed into the body. But the market is still strong in developing countries. So… you have the medical market. Sports! Namely tennis and other racket sports, is also where you can find a use for catgut. For sporting purposes, it is made much thicker. Catgut was the original racket material. It is biological material, so in time, it does degrade. But it offered the perfect combination of strength and “spring”. Another sport that has used catgut is archery. Catgut has long been used to string bows, at least as far back as ancient Egyptian times. And as we know, the Egyptians really loved their cats. So clearly they didn’t use their intestines for their bows. No, it was cattle, even then. And finally, the third major use of catgut is for violins. Catgut was the original violin string material. These days, there are many other types of strings, but you can still find catgut in many professional orchestras, on a variety of stringed instruments, from classical guitars, to those giant pedal harps that rest against your shoulder and make Heaven sounds. So there you go… now you know that, whether you have a large cut that has been stitched up… or you are playing tennis or practicing your archery… or even if you are playing your violin, viola, or harp…. no kitties were hurt. You’re still wondering why it was ever called catgut, I’m sure. Well, the “gut” part is obvious… it’s made out of guts, which itself is a very old word. But the “cat” part actually started out as “kytte” (pronounced “kit”). What is a kytte? This is a kytte: Image result for worlds smallest functional violin That’s the front and back of a kytte… a medieval-era mini-violin. It was so mini, that it was stored in the pokett ( [pokytte] 15th century), which was derived from the Old French poque, or bag. Traveling minstrels could whip out their kytte, play a lively tune or three, and then put their hardy instrument back into their pokett, without worrying about the delicate frailty of a normal sized violin. These instruments were the perfect mingling of a horsehair bow, rubbing against a cow gut catgut, in perfect concert with each other. Catgut (kytte gut) is so named because it is gut that is used to string your kytte. Simple as that. It has nothing to do with felines, whatsoever. Did you believe that strings were made from actual cat guts? #History #Society #Quora What are your thoughts on this subject? Barbara Weatherwax This is a totally insulting article where the writer had no correct information. My father, was the major producer of "catgut" in the United States for more than 50 years. The raw material is Sheep intestines. Cats have nothing to do with it. It is infuriating to see the responses of folks who read this article and think they have been properly informed. Nov 17, 2019 8:55PM Ruthanne Nicholls Learned something new Sep 3, 2019 6:54PM Interesting observations of about a commonly used material from natural sources. Jul 10, 2019 5:35PM Elvy D A Buena Very informative May 22, 2019 9:28AM robert karel, I wish you people would look things up before making a complete fool of yourself. Violin strings were NEVER made of goat hairs! May 9, 2019 3:32PM robert karel Violin strings are made from goat hairs! May 6, 2019 5:29PM Knew that. Played violin for 10 years! Many, many years ago! Apr 25, 2019 11:15PM jack patti go Very interesting Apr 7, 2019 4:05PM Yousuf Mirza Knew that catgut had nothing to do with cats but, cows. Kytte as the reason for the misnomer is new knowledge trivia for me!! Apr 2, 2019 5:38PM James Klingenberg Actually this is something I’m glad to have learned. Apr 2, 2019 11:24AM Chrissy Krainock Luders I play the harp and gut strings are the best for tone. They aren’t the best on my pocketbook however, so nylon has taken over my harp. Mar 22, 2019 12:31AM Dan Drinkall 20 yrs of schooling and this is news to me ! Keep it up QuizClub ! Mar 17, 2019 8:28PM Caroline Weis Sorry meant weren't used Feb 25, 2019 3:44PM Caroline Weis Oh you have relieved my mind that kitty cats were killed for their guts. I knew that there was a use of what they called catgut for sutures as once when my father nearly cut his thumb off that the doctor used those absorbable strings on the inside to sew it back on. Feb 25, 2019 3:39PM Effie Salsman I don't believe the not so nice language should be in this Feb 21, 2019 5:35PM People also liked Interesting Facts Read more #Culture #Society Read more #History #photography Read more #Culture #History #Society #Nature 7 things people never expected to see 8/8/2021 Read more #Society #photography Read more #Science #Society #Nature
If I'm understanding the chart correctly, in order for a planet with lower gravity than Earth (smaller than Earth), but with decent magnetosphere, to hold on to an atmosphere with oxygen, and water on the surface, that planet would have to be in the blue but can be close to the green (between Venus and Mars)? enter image description here And if I'm way off, please don't laugh at the science noob. But you CAN laugh at the fact that I wrote magentosphere in the graph, instead of magnetosphere. • $\begingroup$ Ha ha. You wrote "magentosphere". The closest thing to "magenta" on that chart is the hydrogen band. $\endgroup$ – Mark Apr 29 at 2:02 • 1 $\begingroup$ @Mark ...I DID say you could laugh at that... $\endgroup$ – Len Apr 29 at 2:06 Atmospheric particles are constantly moving around at enormous speed. For instance, the typical air particle (the kind you're breathing right now) at room temperature moves at around 1,000 mph. Since there are trillions of them, all moving in random directions, there is no net motion. Escaping Gasses Earth's escape velocity is around 7 miles per second. If a gas particle is at the top of the atmosphere, and it suddenly achieves this velocity (as trillions are doing at this second), it will leave Earth's orbit, never to be seen again. However, in order for a gas particle to achieve this velocity, it typically has to be smacked by some very high-speed radiation. Keeping Gasses As you have surmised, Earth's magnetosphere stops atmospheric gas particles from escaping in large number. It does this by deflecting high-speed cosmic radiation before it can smack into atmospheric gas particles. If Earth's magnetosphere were more powerful, even fewer cosmic radiation particles would make it through. If Earth's atmospheric temperature were lower, the baseline speed of atmospheric particles would be lower, meaning it would require even faster cosmic radiation particles to make an atmospheric particle reach escape velocity. A similar effect would be achieved if Earth's escape velocity were higher. • 1 $\begingroup$ While all of this is true, the need for a strong magnetosphere has been exaggerated a bit too much. If you are very close to the star, such as Mercury is, then yes, solar wind will strip your atmosphere away. If you are the distance that Venus or the Earth are, not so much. Escape velocity is far more important than magnetosphere. Mars atmosphere could be blown away because Mars gravity is weak, just like the Moon. In Venus, lack of magnetoshpere doesn't prevent a very thick atmosphere, although it may be the cause for the lack of water, if cosmic rays splat water molecules into H and O. $\endgroup$ – Rekesoft Apr 29 at 8:58 You set the temperature to be around 250K. That means -23C or -9F. I would say that's a tad too cold to have liquid water on the planet. If there is water it will be frozen. Remember that at 1 bar water is liquid above 273K, so if you want liquid water, you need a temperature above that (or higher pressure). • $\begingroup$ So horizontally I'm ok, but vertically it should be just under Earth? How's the neighborhood of 280s K? $\endgroup$ – Len Apr 28 at 15:31 • 1 $\begingroup$ Salt water maybe? $\endgroup$ – Willk Apr 28 at 18:08 • $\begingroup$ @Willk, oh yeah, definitely salt water! That's helpful? $\endgroup$ – Len Apr 28 at 19:14 • $\begingroup$ @Len Having very little surface water could also work. That would prevent the planet from spiraling into an iceage. Think of a mars like desert planet with huge ice caps, a ark surface and a number of very salty inland seas. $\endgroup$ Apr 28 at 20:33 • $\begingroup$ @TheDyingOfLight Oh that's good, because my next question was going to be if this and (Reef World) worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/201259/… could be the same world! Sounds like maybe yes(?) A reef world is not a LOT of water, is it? $\endgroup$ – Len Apr 28 at 20:41 Strictly speaking, the escape velocity would decrease, but the surface gravity wouldn't necessarily change, depending on your planet's parameters. The two are determined by the mass $M$ and radius $R$ by $$v_e=\sqrt{\frac{2GM}{R}},\qquad g=\frac{GM}{R^2}$$ with $G$ the gravitational constant. You've picked the escape velocity, but we need to know another parameter to determine the surface gravity. Picking a mass or radius would work, but I think it's better to specify a density. After all, you don't want your terrestrial planet to have the density of gas! This gives us a third formula, for the density $\rho$: $$\rho=\frac{M}{\frac{4\pi}{3}R^3}$$ If we specify $v_e=7\;\text{km/s}$ and $\rho=5.5\;\text{g/cm}^3$, the density of Earth, we find that the radius of your planet is $R\approx0.56R_{\oplus}$ and the mass is $M\approx0.18M_{\oplus}$, leading to a surface gravity of $g=5.6\;\text{m/s}$, which is indeed lower than Earth's but still fairly reasonable! So it turns out that we didn't have to be concerned after all. In fact, if you do out the algebra, it turns out that $$g=v_e\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}\pi\rho G}\propto v_e\sqrt{\rho}$$ This means that you do have to change the density significantly to get a significant effect on the surface gravity, unless you're willing to change the escape velocity a bit. Looking at some exoplanet models (Seager et al. 2008), it seems that this would be reasonable for a planet with more iron than is found in the terrestrial planets in our Solar System. There would still be quite a lot of silicates, as is the case on Earth, but you would need iron to reach the requisite density. After all, your planet is roughly the same radius as Mars but 80% more massive. The temperature also looks fairly reasonable. You could honestly increase it a bit to make it easier for liquid water to exist, and all that would require is making its orbit slightly smaller or making its star slightly brighter. If your current temperature is about 250 K, you could raise it to 280 K (closer to Earth's temperature) by decreasing its orbital radius by about 20%. • $\begingroup$ I assume the density will help in figuring out the gravity? I'm basically trying for a planet with much lower gravity than Earth that still retains a breathable atmosphere and oceans. I know that seems difficult, but there has to be a sweet spot that gives me a decent amount of all the necessary elements... $\endgroup$ – Len Apr 28 at 19:12 • $\begingroup$ @Len Yeah, if you specify density and escape velocity, that will determine the surface gravity. If my algebra is correct, it should be $g=v_e\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}\pi\rho G}$. $\endgroup$ – HDE 226868 Apr 28 at 20:58 Your Answer
Best Answer in nuclear power plants User Avatar Wiki User 2010-09-22 04:14:08 This answer is: User Avatar Study guides See all Study Guides Create a Study Guide Add your answer: Earn +20 pts Q: When fission is controlled what is it used for? Write your answer... Related questions When fission is not controlled how is it used? In nuclear weapons What are the uses of tritium h3? Tritium is used to increase the efficiency of fission bombs and the fission stages of hydrogen bombs. It is also used in controlled nuclear fusion. Is the hydrogen bomb controlled fission or fusion reaction? It is a combination of fission and fusion. A fission explosion is used to create the immense pressures required to cause fusion of hydrogen nuclei. Can Nuclear fission be controlled? Yes. Nuclear power plants and nuclear powered ships and submarines use controlled fission reactions. How can the fission be controlled or stopped in a nuclear reactor? The fission is controlled in a nuclear reactor using materials that are having high neutron absorption capabilities. Accordingly, rate of nuclear fission is controlled or stopped by controlling the number of neutrons available to produce fissions. What is controlled nuclear fission? the rate of the nuclear fission and hence rate of energy release is controlled by the control system through controlling the rate of neutrons that are available for continuing nuclear fission chain reactions. How is fission inside a powerplant controlled? The fission is controlled by inserting rods made of a material that absorbs the neutrons. This keeps the reaction from continuing, or slows the chain reaction. Is nuclear fission controlled or uncontrolled? There are both controlled and uncontrolled fission reactions. The reactors in nuclear power plants and submarines make use of a controlled nuclear reaction. Nuclear weapons make use of an uncontrolled reaction. A nuclear reactor uses the energy from a controlled? nuclear fission Mechanism and container for controlled fission is called? A nuclear reactor The controlled release of nuclear energy in a reactor is accomplished by? A nuclear reactor produces energy from uncontrolled fission? False, the fission in nuclear reactors is controlled with the movable control rods. What is the name given to a situation in which one fission reaction instigates exactly one more fission reaction? a controlled chain reaction Do nuclear plants use fission or fusion to create electricity? Fission. We don't have the technology to fuse atoms in a controlled way yet. How is the rate of the fission in a nuclear reactor controlled? By the control rods and by the moderator. Where is fission used? Fission is used in nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons. What is the name given to a situation in what one fission reaction instigates exactly one more fission reaction? A controlled chain reaction is the name given to a situation in which one fission reaction instigates exactly one more fission reaction. How is the rate of a fission reaction controlled within a nuclear reactor? Using control rods that obsorb neutrons, and can be gradualy raised or lowered into the core. In emergencies, "neutron poisons" are used, which almost instantly stop most fission within the core. Can the chain reaction of nuclear fission be stopped or controlled? The chain reaction can be controlled, and it can be stopped. It is controlled in a nuclear power plant, and it is stopped when the plant shuts down, as it does periodically for refueling. What have chain reactions got to do with nuclear fission? The fission process in a nuclear reactor which produces the thermal energy used in the steam cycle, is called a chain reaction because nuclei of U-235 and Pu-239 fission on absorbing a neutron, and the fission causes further neutrons to be released, thus a self sustaining reaction is started which is controlled to run at a steady power level. How many neutrons are produced during a typical uranium fission reaction and what is the role of these neutrons in a nuclear chain reaction? A typical uranium fission event produces 2 to 3 neutrons. These neutrons are moderated (slowed down) and go on to initiate the fission of more uranium. On average, in a controlled reaction that is maintained at normal criticality (KEffective = 1), each fission creates exactly one neutron that is used to produce another fission. What is meant by nuclear reactor? It is a device where a controlled nuclear fission chain reaction occurs. What is the meaning of nuclear reactor? What is the place where controlled nuclear fission reactions take place? In the core of a nuclear reactor What helps control the fission reaction in a nuclear plant? The fission reaction is controlled through use of high neutron capture material as Boron, Gadolinium, Cadmium, ... etc.
• support@answerspoint.com Important Laws of Physics. 1. Archimedes Principle The principle was discovered in 2. Avagadro’s Law In 1811 it was discovered by an Italian Scientist Anedeos Avagadro. This law states that equal volume of all gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules. 3. Ohm's Law It states that the current passing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points provided the physical state and temperature etc. of the conductor does not change. 4. Newton’s Laws Objects attract each other with a force directly proportional to the product of the masses of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Hence, for objects on or near the earth, the mass of the earth is very much greater than the object, and so the gravitational force between them makes objects fall towards the earth. That is why lead and feather fall at the same rate in a vacuum. Newton’s First law of Motion Newton’s Second Law of Motion The rate of change of momentum is proportional to the impressed force and takes place in the direction of the straight line in which the force acts. In other words “Force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration”. Newton’s Third Law of Motion To every action there is equal and opposite reaction. This is the principle behind the recoil felt on pulling the trigger of a gun. Newton’s Law of cooling 5. Coulomb’s Law The force between the two electric charges reduces to a quarter of its former value when the distance between them is doubled. The SI unit of electric charge, coulomb, is named after Charles Augustin de Coulomb who established the law. 6. Stefan’s Law The total energy radiated from a black body is equal to the fourth power of its absolute temperature. 7. Pascal’s Law When pressure is applied to a fluid, the pressure change is transmitted to every part of the fluid without loss. Hydraulic machines like the hydraulic press work on this principle. Atmospheric pressure decreases with increase in height. The SI unit of pressure is pascal which is named after Pascal who established this law. 8. Hooke’s Law This law states that the extension of a spring is proportional to the tension stretching it. Doubling of the tension results in the doubling of the amount of stretch. 9. Bernoulli's Principle It states that as the speed of a moving fluid, liquid or gas, increases, the pressure within the fluid decreases. The aerodynamic lift on the wing of an aeroplane is also explained in part by this principle. 10. Boyles's Law It states that temperature remaining constant, volume of a given mass of a gas varies inversely with the pressure of the gas. 11. Charles's Law It states that pressure remaining constant, the volume of a given mass of gas increases or decreases by 1/273 part of its volume at 0 degree Celsius for each degree Celsius rise or fall of its temperature. 12. Kepler's Law Each planet revolves round the Sun in an elliptical orbit with the Sun at one focus. The straight line joining the Sun and the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals. The squares of the orbital periods of planets are proportional to the cubes of their mean distance from the Sun. 13. Law of conservation of energy 14. Tyndall effect The scattering of light by very small particles suspended in a gas or liquid. 15. Graham’s Law Facebook Share • asked 5 months ago • viewed 239 times • active 5 months ago Latest Blogs
Best arabian tales and stories Share this book Discover the endless fascination of ancient Arabian culture with six ancient tales we selected for you for their power of evocation, wisdom and humor. These stories are from the Arabian Nights, also known as One Thousand and One Nights, which is a collection of much more ancient folk tales, fairy tales and poems collected over the centuries. They come from ancient and medieval Arabic, Persian, Mesopotamian, Indian, and Egyptian folklore and literature. This makes The Arabian Nights a priceless treasure, as it takes us to the very roots of humanity's cultural treasures in a delightful and passionate way. Enjoy six of the the most charming stories told by Sheherazade: Sinbad the Sailor; The Enchanted Horse; Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves; Persevere and Prosper; The Story of Caliph Stork; and Aladdin. Show more
The Moon: Enel’s new innovation lab The Moon: Enel’s new innovation lab In today’s “space renaissance” the role of private companies, including Enel, is becoming increasingly important: the objectives are to make human life on Earth more sustainable and to facilitate it on the Moon. One evening during the winter of 1610 something changed forever. The sky was calm over Padua when a man named Galileo did something that would later be acknowledged as an act of historical importance: he took his telescope, which, until then he had only used to view distant objects on Earth, and he pointed it towards the Moon. In one moment he undermined the millennia-old philosophical differentiation between the fleeting Earthly realm and the perfect and unchanging celestial region. Today we have completed Galileo’s revolution: there is no longer a separation between events in space and on Earth, and even our daily lives are made easier in large part by the activities of artificial satellites in orbit. Space technologies for sustainable energy Even back in the 1960s NASA received numerous letters asking why it was investing so many resources in space exploration. Since then space agencies haven’t stopped explaining how the technology that was developed for these missions can be of help in our daily lives on Earth, from telecommunications to biomedical research, so much so that these solutions are now referred to as the “space economy.” One addition to this list of reasons is a matter of particular importance, although at the beginning of the space age it might well have seemed like science fiction: making planet Earth more sustainable by observing it from above. For example, satellite observations can produce notable innovation concerning renewable energies, identifying the sites best suited for constructing plants, monitoring them once they are in operation, predicting production and, if necessary, offering indications on how to manage them more effectively. At the same time, in the case of the building industry, it is possible to identify the best sites on which to construct sustainable buildings with an extremely low environmental impact, but it is also possible to study how to optimize thermal insulation and minimize the effect of “heat islands” which cause rises in temperatures in urban areas. Moreover, with satellites it is possible to monitor infrastructures and traffic flows, and therefore organize a more efficient system of mobility, in such a way as to reduce energy wastage, improve air quality, reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and reduce travel times. In order to take full advantage of all of these opportunities satellites alone are not enough: it is necessary also to integrate various frontier technologies, such as drones, the Internet of Things and Big Data. And in these sectors the space agencies cannot do everything alone. Enel and the “space renaissance” Today we are experiencing a new space race. Numerous missions are being prepared: plans are being made to return man to the Moon, and even land on Mars in the coming years. The first space race, involving Yuri Gagarin’s Sputnik and Neil Armstrong’s “giant leap for mankind,” centered on just two superpowers – the USA and the USSR. The second space race is notable for the presence of other countries, such as China, and, perhaps even more significantly, the growing role of private companies, like Elon Musk’s SpaceX, but also numerous companies that are taking part in space exploration with their own technological innovations. These include Enel, which was one of the first energy companies to get involved in exploring the space sector. In 2019 we signed a partnership agreement with the European Space Agency (ESA) covering various areas: first and foremost, the circular economy, and in particular the use of data from the sector integrated with other technologies for monitoring public lighting, building efficiency and traffic flows, with the goal of improving mobility and cities’ environmental sustainability. Other fields of application for this partnership include the use of satellite data applied to electricity distribution networks in order to reduce technical risks (like interference from vegetation with overhead electricity cables), optimize the grids and improve the quality and security of the energy supply service. Within this context, on our Open Innovability® crowdsourcing platform we have launched two challenges to foster the development of solutions using space technology for tackling important sustainability issues. Both are being financed by the European Space Agency. The first aims to reduce plastic pollution in the oceans and to recycle the material in line with the principles of the circular economy; the second concerns two different fields: predictive maintenance of infrastructure and reducing emissions in the transport sector. “The partnership with the ESA gives us the opportunity to further expand the scope of the energy transition thanks to the application of space technologies to the energy sector,” explains Ernesto Ciorra, Enel’s Chief Innovability® Officer, who adds: “By promoting a plastic-free society and developing circular cities to manage exponential demographic growth, we are tackling what we call the global challenges of Innovability®.” Enel’s energy on the Moon Nor is Enel only working with the ESA: in 2019 it launched a partnership with Thales Alenia Space. This company specializes in solutions for satellites and orbiting infrastructure and is a key player in the most important scientific and exploration missions for the Universe. As part of the framework of this agreement, as of 2021 the Enel Group is involved in a project on behalf of the Italian Space Agency (ASI) to study a human base on the Moon, as part of the future missions in the ARTEMIS program, which is led by NASA and ESA. Enel’s role will be to study solutions for producing, managing and storing energy on the Moon. So, while space technology can be of help for Enel’s energy, Enel’s energy can also be useful for space missions. Also in this case, then, the technologies developed can find uses later on Earth, for example in the field of innovative solar panels, electricity storage systems, wireless transmission of energy and the use of open-air robotic devices. These are all activities thanks to which our Group has established a stable presence in the sector. It’s an area that, from the time of Galileo’s telescope up until the latest satellite technologies, has become increasingly linked to life on our own planet.
Mindfulness for teachers: managing expectations over the holiday period Mindfulness for teachers Pearson English In this series of articles by Amy Malloy, we’ve spoken a lot about practical applications of mindfulness in the classroom and how it can help your students’ concentration, focus and ability to learn. Today, Amy is going to show you how mindfulness can support you at home, during the holiday period. Mindfulness and your routine In the run-up to the festive season, it is common to feel like your routine has completely broken down, especially when you’re not giving classes or working at school. The holidays also often bring with them lots of people and family, lots of excitement. That sometimes means that we also experience fluctuating emotions, stress and the feeling that everything should be perfect. On top of this, shops and social media are filled with advertising – and there’s definitely more ‘stuff’ to buy. In addition, wherever we look you can see messages telling us we need to feel ‘merry’ and ‘bright’. Even the popular greeting, ‘Merry Christmas’, can sometimes feel less of a greeting and more of an instruction. Sometimes it feels like the people around us expect us to always feel happy and joyful over the holiday season. This is fine if we really do feel merry, but we will always have ups and downs. If you don’t feel happy, for whatever reason, it can feel even harder than it might at times where there is less expectation all around us. Overcoming the challenge Finding a way to introduce mindfulness into the holiday season can be a wonderful way for us to understand our emotions at this time of year. It will help you think about your expectations and let you find a moment to pause to accept whatever the reality actually is. Here are some quick and easy ways to find some ‘you’ time and keep checking in with how you’re feeling. These are also tips you can try with children in the classroom and for yourself at home to keep yourself on track. 3-minute body scan Find a quiet moment. This may be in the few minutes after you wake up or go to bed, during break time, or even at the start of a lesson. 1. Notice the contact of your feet with the floor. Notice the sounds around you in the room. 2. Take three deep breaths and notice how they feel. 3. Scan down the body in your mind from the top of your head all the way down to your toes. Observe what you notice about your body with an air of curiosity – look for any tension, discomfort or comfort. Also, notice if there are any expectations you have of that day or moment. See if you can simply notice them and set them aside. This curiosity helps us stay detached from what we notice so we can just observe. 4. Take three more deep breaths, and carry on. 2-minute notebook Writing something down can be a wonderfully mindful exercise. Have a stack of post-its or a little notebook on your desk or bedside table. You could encourage your students to do the same. 1. Pick a point in your day. It could be at the start of each day, the start of each lesson, or just before bed. Each day, at that time, take a moment to write down three: • good things that have happened in your day • things that felt challenging • things you feel grateful and thankful for 2. Review your notes every now and again during the holiday period. This will give you a sense of your shifts of mood and energy that might have occurred. Noticing something you feel grateful for has been shown to physically improve your wellbeing and state of mind 1-minute cupboard pause When things feel over-stimulating, find a quiet space just for a minute. Even if it’s in a cupboard! 1. STOP: notice the contact of your feet with the floor. 2. BREATHE: take ten deep breaths, breathing in for a count of four and out for a count of six. 3. WATCH: watch each breath coming and going from the nose or chest or belly. Observe what your thoughts and feelings are doing. Allow them to sit without needing to respond. Then head back into the area you were in. I hope these tips help you to navigate the festive season without expectation and with curiosity for what each moment holds along the way. Remember that holiday days you celebrate are really just normal days. It’s simply that expectations have changed. What’s more, everyone’s expectations will be different. Simply taking time to notice this can make a huge difference to the pressure we put on ourselves. Releasing this pressure can even lead to more enjoyment overall – so why don’t you try it and see? Wishing (and not instructing) you the merriest of festive seasons. For more advice from Amy about implementing mindfulness into your classroom read the following articles: Want to learn more? Listen to Amy talking about mindfulness in our new podcast In this article
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Skip to content Related Articles Related Articles Save Article Improve Article Save Article Like Article 7 Mistakes You Should Avoid While Building a Django Application • Last Updated : 03 Jun, 2021 Django…We all know the popularity of this Python framework. Django has become the first choice of developers to build their web applications. It is a free and open-source Python framework. Django can easily solve a lot of common development challenges. It allows you to build flexible and well-structured web applications. A lot of common features of Django such as a built-in admin panel, ORM (object-relational mapping tool), Routing, templating have made the task easier for developers. They do not require spending so much time on implementing these things from scratch. GeeksforGeeks LIVE courses One of the most killer features of Django is the built-in Admin panel. With this feature, you can configure a lot of things such as an access control list, row-level permissions, and actions, filters, orders, widgets, forms, extra URL helpers, etc. Django ORM works with all major databases out of the box. It supports all the major SQL queries which you can use in your application. Templating engine of Django is also very, very flexible and powerful at the same time. Even a lot of features are available in Django, developers still make a lot of mistakes while building an application. In this blog, we will discuss some common mistakes which you should avoid while building a Django application. 1. Using the Python Global Environment For Project Dependencies Using the global environment for project dependencies can generate dependency conflicts. In Python, you can not use multiple package versions at the same time. It will create a problem if different projects require different incompatible versions of the same package. There are many options to isolate your environment. The most common ways are given below… • virtualenv • virtualenvwrapper • Virtual Machines • Containers 2. Avoiding Pinning Project Dependencies in a ‘requirements.txt’ File When you start with a Python project, start with an isolated environment with a ‘requirement.txt’ file. When you install packages through pip/easy_install, do not forget to add them to your ‘requirement.txt’ file. Later when you will have to deploy your project on the server, it will be easier for you. Different versions of packages provide different modules, functions, or parameters. If there will be any minor change in your dependency then it can break your package. So it is important to pin the specific version of your dependencies in your ‘requirement.txt’ file. There are very nice tool pip-tools available in Python. With the help of command-line tools available in it, you can manage your dependencies easily. This tool automatically generates a ‘requirment.txt’ file that pins all your dependencies and your entire dependency tree. Also, keep the backup of your dependencies file. Keep a copy in your file system, a Git managed folder, S3 folder, FTP, and SFTP. 3. Using Old Style Python Functions instead of Class-based Views In Python, most of the time developers avoid using Class-based views due to the complexity of it. Using the Python function in an application’s file might be a good idea for some time (for example: for tests or utility views). Class-based views provide an abstract class implementing common web development tasks. You can get the advantage of using the structured API along with the advantages of object-oriented programming. Your code becomes more clear and readable. You can extend your CBV’s for your view, and you can override the class properties or functions. In your project, you can use different mixins, and you can override the basic CBV behaviors for building the view contexts, checking authorization on the row level, auto-building template paths from your project structure. 4. Writing the Application Logic in Views Instead of Model Writing the logic in views makes your application view “fat” and your model “skinny”. Avoid this mistake and always write the logic in your models instead of views. You can break the logic into small methods, and you can write that into the models. You can use it multiple times from multiple sources within just a few lines of code. 5. Messy and Unmanageable Setting File A lot of times it happens that while working on a real-world project, your settings file grows to more than 600-700 lines of code. This huge and messy file becomes difficult to maintain especially when your dev, production, and staging environment requires custom configuration. You can divide the configuration file manually, and you can create custom loaders. 6. Bad Application Structure and Incorrect Resource Placement Whenever you build an application with Django, it contains multiple apps. These apps are responsible for doing a specific task. Basically, these apps are Python packages that contain at least and files. In the latest Django version, you no longer require the Django version. is enough in your application. Your Django application is built on different Python modules such as models, admins, views, URLs, models, forms, template tags, etc. You can divide your application into the reusable application logic. Always give your project folder a specific name and place your application in project/apps/. After that, you can place your application dependencies into their own subfolders. 7. Confusion Between STATICFILES_DIRS and STATIC_ROOT in Django In Django Static files mainly contains JavaScript, CSS, images, fonts, etc. They get collected into a public directory during the deployment process. python runserver searches static files using the STATICFILES_FINDERS setting. If a failure occurs Django tries to find the file using django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder. This look into the static folder of every installed application in the project. You can write reusable applications shipped with their own static files. In Django using the static management command python collectstatic, you can go through the STATICFILES_FINDERS and you can copy the files from static folders as well as from STATICFILES_DIRS to the directory you specify in the STATIC_ROOT setting. We have mentioned seven mistakes in this article, but there are many things in Django, you need to take care of. While building a project in Django, follow the best practices to write code in your project. Everything matters, from defining a URL to creating a view or defining a model to the complete folder structure. It will be tough in the beginning but as you will progress you will see improvement in yourself. It’s okay to do these mistakes as a beginner but if you keep looking at the good Django project you will surely master in it. My Personal Notes arrow_drop_up Recommended Articles Page :
UCSS Math II 3A.2.2 Example 2 Factor the polynomial by finding the GCF. Verify your results using the Distributive Property. 1. Determine the common factors of the coefficients for each term. 2. Determine the greatest power of each variable common to all terms, and multiply this by the common factor from step 1 to complete the GCF. 3. Write expressions for the remaining non-common factors. 4. Factor the original polynomial by writing it as the product of the GCF and a polynomial whose terms are the expressions found in the previous step. 5. Verify the result using the Distributive Property. This applet is provided by Walch Education as supplemental material for the UCSS Secondary Math II program. Visit www.walch.com for more information on our resources.
All About Standard Essential Patents and FRAND: The Basics July 16th, 2021 ‧ 8 min read Table of contents The modern interactive world is assisted and achieved by standards, standards based on patented technologies that enable machines and devices to communicate effectively and efficiently with each other. These technical standards allow us to enjoy connectivity, and the patents protect and ensure the inventor’s rights to such technology, especially telecommunication technologies including those for data transmission, carrier aggregation, and battery mode solutions. The patents that protect technologies essential to their standards are called standard essential patents, or SEPs. This article will take us through what SEPs are, how they are formulated, and their related topics within the telecommunications sector. Quick note: the SEPs and standards we will be discussing in this article are those found in the telecommunications sector and most seen discussed by the media. What is a standard essential patent? A patent that protects a technology that is necessary, namely “essential” to a standard is termed a standard essential patent. The term “standard” referred to here indicates a standard derived from technical specifications for specific technologies, such as radio technology. Common consumer products — such as smartphones or tablets — must meet many standards and require the patented technology to do so. Manufacturing these standard-compliant goods without employing key technologies covered by one or more SEPs is impossible. Standard essential patents are not the same as the patents that are not essential to a standard (non-SEPs). Generally speaking, companies can provide alternative inventions to work around an existing non-SEP to avoid patent infringement; however, they can’t design around a SEP. The world of standards What are these standards? Technologies that are standardized include those that we unconsciously use every day. These include those such as Wifi, Bluetooth, and LTE for our mobile devices, Near-Field Communication (NFC) in smart cards, and other various technologies found in producing video, audio, and autonomous vehicles. Did you know that even the JPEG format for our images also conforms to a set of standards? Also, to note, the standards for each technology may undergo continuous improvement and revisions and are updated from time to time according to their relevant technical specifications. Who sets them? Standards are typically set by Standard-Setting Organizations (SSOs), such as the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) in Europe, Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) in the United States, and many others around the globe. The standards for telecommunication technologies are formulated according to the technical specifications (TS) developed and provided by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), which is responsible for designing the technologies that drive these global standards. 3GPP refers to a consortium of seven regional SSOs that develops and enforces Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) policy. As we can see from the figure below, both 3GPP and the SSOs all contribute to the establishment of telecommunications standards and policies. How 3GPP and SSOs set technical standards To put it simply, 3GPP provides the technical specifications and SSOs such as ETSI formulates the standards. A vast majority of the SEPs declared for digital communication technologies such as GSM™, WCDMA (3G), LTE (4G), NR (5G), and DECT™ are set at ETSI. ETSI focuses mainly on the development of technical standards that facilitate important global technologies mentioned above. Globally speaking, ETSI’s IPR database is relatively more active, public, and transparent in the telecommunications sector. Currently, over 341,909 patent applications have since been declared to GSM, UMTS (3G), LTE (4G), and 5G standards at the ETSI IPR database. This includes 152,929 active SEPs that be implemented in practically all smartphones and tablets that are sold in Europe. How do SEPs work? First of all, SEPs need to be declared at, for example, the ETSI IPR database. To do this a patent owner needs to submit a declaration. The minimum mandatory information needed includes the standard/specification number and the patent application or publication number. Applicants will need to fill out the rest of the declaration with all the relevant information, including the project names, releases, versions, etc. A declaration may consist of several SEPs and their family members. A SEP Declaration on the ETSI IPR Online Database A SEP Declaration on the ETSI IPR Online Database The basic principle is that manufacturers of standard-compliant goods (we call SEP implementers) that use the technology covered by at least one SEP will need to license the SEP(s) from the SEP holders (or owners). Both parties will then negotiate the conditions and fee of using the technology. The outcome of these negotiations is then formalized by a license agreement that must reflect the FRAND terms, which we will discuss more in the next section. Given their essentiality to a standard, SEPs are crucial for businesses. When SEP holders and implementers cannot come to a licensing agreement, the dispute is usually brought to various courts around the world. In the last decade, there was a noticeable swell of litigation cases in the telecommunications sector with many big names such as Apple, Google, Motorola, Samsung, Ericsson, and Microsoft. Professor Damien Neven on Standard Essential Patents Video courtesy of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Standard essential patent examples Standard essential patents are patents just like any other ones. Most of the time, the difference between SEPs and non-SEPs is that SEPs has additional declaration information, such as: • SEPs that have been declared at SSOs will have a declaration number. • The technology declared SEPs cover should be able to be mapped to its declared technical standards or specifications. Here is an excerpt of Apple’s 5G active SEP declaration list. We can see the declaration numbers and specification(s) for each SEP. Apple’s 5G active SEP declaration list Apple’s 5G active SEP declaration list, SEP OmniLytics If we click on the patent number, we can look at the details of each SEP. Let us click on the second one — US10951301B2, “5G new radio beam refinement procedure.” Original patent document for US10951301B2 Original patent document for US10951301B2 This SEP looks just like any other patent, and indeed it is. But with Patentcloud, we can also see the patent’s corresponding 3GPP specifications and release information. SEP declaration information for Patent US10951301B2 in Patentcloud SEP declaration information for Patent US10951301B2, Patentcloud What is FRAND? Industry representatives unite under SSOs to generate technical standards. Then SEP holders commit to making their patented technology accessible under Fair, Reasonable, and Non-Discriminatory (FRAND) terms (also known as RAND) in exchange for an agreed royalty. In other words, FRAND terms are basically a method to ensure that SEP implementors are able to license and use standardized technology on fair grounds. FRAND stands for Fair, Reasonable, and Non-Discriminatory ( • Fair: it is usually quite easy to recognize unfair licensing requirements, e.g., it would be considered unfair to demand concessions that are not part of the licensing deal from a licensee, or to tie the grant of the license to unrelated commitments. However, fairness is subjective and more difficult to define. • Reasonable: also a subjective theory, a good benchmark for evaluating reasonableness would be to compare with general industry practice, especially when discussing licensing royalty rates. • Non-discriminatory: licensees that are in similar situations should always receive the same terms and rates. If for some reason this doesn’t happen, there should always be some objective grounds for the difference in treatment. The ETSI IPR Policy requests SEP holders to provide “an irrevocable undertaking in writing” stating that it will grant “irrevocable licenses on fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (“FRAND”) terms and conditions…” three months after submitting a declaration. However, we would like to point out that FRAND terms are not regulatory, although we often refer to them as FRAND “obligations.” This merely means that SSO members agree to abide by FRAND terms when they declare SEPs at such SSOs. This also means that there is no specific entity designated to enforcing such FRAND terms. It’s worth considering that what is fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory to one person, may not be to others, as there is no universally accepted rule for the specific circumstances under which a license complies with FRAND terms. We sometimes see SEP disputes in antitrust cases where a patent owner declines to grant a license or refuses to grant the license on FRAND terms. Other disputes between the licensor and licensee will often be brought to various courts around the world, where the judge or jury will determine the FRAND terms and royalty rates for the parties involved. Challenges faced in the SEP world Despite this seemingly straightforward method of protecting and using the technology covered by SEPs, IP professionals, technical experts, SEP holders, and implementors alike still face several challenges when working with SEPs. Some of the main challenges include the over-declaration of SEPs, lack of standardized data, and difficulty in determining royalty rates when negotiating SEP licenses, to name a few. Over-declaration of standard essential patents Standard essential patents are typically self-declared by patent-holding businesses as essential for the implementation of standards. It’s worth bearing in mind that the declared SEPs are not subject to any kind of review to determine their supposed essentially. Since there is no screening for essentiality involved, determining a patent’s essentiality and the value placed on it is usually left to the companies involved in negotiating a licensing agreement. Legal and financial motivations can lead to the issue of the over-declaration of SEPs. In SEP litigations, opposing legal teams may often find themselves presenting technical arguments about whether the technology involved is essential to a standard. Our dedicated article will help you to understand more about the over-declaration of standard-essential patents. Lack of standardized data As mentioned before, standards are set by various regional SSOs, and declarations are not declared to a single international entity, making it difficult to unify and compile declaration data. Also, the completeness of declaration data is an issue for those who work with SEP data. For example, ETSI SEP declarations are self-evaluations made by the declaring companies with no verification from any 3rd party. As mentioned before, only the patent/application number and technical specification/standard are mandatory in submitting a declaration to ETSI. Many SEP declarations lack other relevant information such as version number, release information, or project names. In some instances, the assignee of a patent is listed under the parent company, but upon further scrutiny, we find that the real owner is a subsidiary. All this makes SEP data work tedious and time-consuming. Difficulty in determining royalty rates As FRAND is a subjective matter, disagreements over the royalty rates in SEP licensing agreements often arise and prolong negotiations. The essentiality of a SEP or SEPs must first be determined and followed by the exact royalty rate the licensee is willing to pay and the licensor is willing to accept. Normally, as we see in licensing agreements over LTE technology, the negotiation period usually takes several months to over several years. For example, Ericsson and Samsung’s licensing agreement in 2014 took several years and many lawsuits to come to an agreement. We discuss the particulars of SEP licensing, how negotiations proceed, and how royalty rates are calculated in our dedicated article here. SEP OmniLytics is Patentcloud’s app dedicated to monitoring the list of 5G standard essential patents. Why don’t you check it out! New call-to-action Related Posts The IP world moves fast Subscribe to receive the latest insights right in your inbox.
Friendly fire Which stoves and fireplaces are greenest? Jim Ogle, of Fireplace Distributors of Nevada, holds a package of pellets, condensed biomass that fuels the energy efficient pellet stove. Photo By Kat Kerlin There’s something so quaintly Currier & Ives about smoke curling from a chimney on a cold winter’s day. But wood smoke is air pollution, a mixture of gases and fine particles containing carbon monoxide, nitrogen, volatile organic compounds and dioxin. Indoors or outdoors, it can cause a host of health problems, from burning eyes to bronchitis and respiratory problems. It’s especially harmful, even in low doses, to children, the elderly and people with chronic health conditions. The American Lung Association gave Washoe County a “C” grade for particle pollution in its 2007 “State of the Air Report.” But it’s cold out there. So what are the environmentally friendly alternatives? Fireplaces and wood burning stoves are equivalent to a hole in your house—you lose most of their heat through the chimney. Inefficient and polluting, the traditional wood burning stove is now a relic. Washoe County requires that new wood stoves must be of the “EPA-Approved, Phase II” variety. Older, uncertified stoves release 40-60 grams of smoke per hour, while EPA-certified ones produce 2-5 grams of smoke per hour. They also retain about 80 percent of their heat, compared to 15 percent with older models. Even with a certified stove, you must live on at least one acre of land to own one, or else insert a low-emission device on it. “In terms of impact on the environment, gas is the cleanest burning fuel that’s available,” says Jim Ogle, general manager of Fireplace Distributors of Nevada. “Particulates don’t even register with gas.” Gas is, of course, a nonrenewable fuel, but gas stoves release nearly zero emissions and are 15-80 percent efficient for heating. They also look much like traditional wood burning stoves, flame and all. An environmental favorite is the pellet stove. It burns really hot, is super efficient (retains 78-85 percent of its heat) and pollutes so little it doesn’t require EPA certification. It burns renewable biomass in a pellet form, which looks a lot like rabbit feed. The pellets can be made from things such as lumber mill shavings, corn, walnut shells and wheat. “Pellets are probably the most ‘green product’ we’re into now,” says Ogle. There are downsides to the pellet stove, however. While easy to use, pellet stoves are high maintenance. They need to be cleaned often, and repairing one may be complicated, as its system is made up of high-tech electronics. Most pellet stoves need electricity to operate, so if there’s a power failure, don’t count on the stove for your heat source. They can also be pricey. Pellet stove owners usually buy their pellets by the ton, which costs around $285. Ogle says most Renoites go through two tons of pellets each winter. Masonry heaters are also highly efficient (90 percent) and low polluting. They look like a big fireplace with a masonry mass (brick, stone, etc.) around it. A small fire heats the thermal mass and retains the heat for nearly 24 hours. Most of these are site-built and cost several thousands of dollars. To buy any kind of hot burning, heat efficient, environmentally friendly stove or fireplace, expect to pay at $2,000 or more. You don’t have to dismantle your entire fireplace to have a more eco-friendly stove. Pellet or gas inserts can be placed inside your existing fireplace, creating a hotter, more efficient stove while retaining its old-fashioned look.
Thursday, December 03, 2009 Does shedworking really reduce your carbon footprint? That's the interesting question posed by Lynn Fotheringham of InsideOut Buildings at her blog. Here's what she says: “If you work from home in a large, draughty house or semi-insulated cabin in the garden, either of which need heating heavily in winter and/or air-conditioning in the summer you are adding to the CO2 problem not reducing it, even if you are using your car less because you work at home. But, you could you reduce your energy use by working in a small, purpose designed, well-insulated office in the garden” And she points to six ways in which InsideOut garden offices are environmentally effective: 1. They are designed to run on minimal electricity, insulated with either sheepswool or Rockwool breathable insulation, both insulations are made in the UK 2. They are clad with larch grown in the UK which doesn’t need any chemical treatment or maintenance. 3. The roofs are tiled with cedar shingles cut from waste wood that is too small to use for anything else. 4. They contain minimal amounts of plastic, but InsideOut do supply water butts as standard so that rainwater can be reused in the garden. 5. Building materials are UK sourced wherever possible to reduce carbon miles. 6. They are designed to last for 60+ years. I'd be very interested to hear all your thoughts on the subject too. Photo of The Wonderful Green Shed by Sherlock77 on Flickr 1 comment: 1. Anonymous11:07 PM Fotheringham's statement is not true. There are too many factors to consider: climate, how far you drive to work, heating/cooling method etc to be able to say anything conclusive.
Skip to main content Too much screen time? It's important to protect yourself During the day, blue light exposure from sunlight wakes us up, boosts alertness and elevates our mood. But too much exposure to blue light, particularly late at night from computers, phones and tablets, can throw off our natural wakefulness and sleep cycle, also known as circadian rhythm. This can lead to sleepless nights and daytime fatigue. Eyes are particularly sensitive to the type of blue light emitted from screens. This can cause conditions like dry eyes, cataracts, and age-related macular degeneration. Too much exposure to blue light can also lead to eye strain, headaches, blurred vision, insomnia and other health-related issues. Protect yourself from too much blue light: • Limit your screen time 2–3 hours before you go to bed. Most phones have a display and brightness setting for nighttime use. This feature filters out blue light by altering your screen to warmer color. • Use the “20-20-20” rule. If your job requires you to be in front of a screen for long periods of time, prevent eye strain by taking regular breaks. Every 20 minutes, shift your eyes to look at an object at least 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. • Consider wearing blue-blocking glasses that absorb or block blue light. You can find blue-blocking glasses where glasses and frames are sold, plus they are available online and at most major retailers. You can also install an app on your computer that filters out the blue/green wavelength at night, particularly if you work a night shift or must use electronic devices at night. • Expose yourself to lots of bright light during the day. This will boost your ability to sleep at night, as well as your mood and alertness during the day. • Talk to your doctor about the right eye wear for your lifestyle. If you’ve had a procedure like cataract surgery, you might benefit from eyeglasses that have lenses with a special blue light filter. Looking for information on screen time, especially among children? Read this article with 10 tactics to limit screen time.
Africa & WorldAnalysisDr Mavaza Corner 101 Amazing Facts About the Life and Works of Emperor Haile Selassie By Dr MASIMBA MAVAZA originally written by Mulugeta Haile. On the occasion of the 129th birthday of the Emperor, I have selected one out of 101 extraordinary achievements he accomplished during his reign: from Ras Tafari- Emperor Haile Selassie. The May 5th Victory against Mussolini’s army in the field of diplomacy as well as in the battle, is listed as the 5th amazing fact of the Emperor. Because the chance returning to his throne was considered as impossible as changing the direction of an oncoming hurricane. The Emperor swam against the tide and sat in the throne of King David. This made him the first African leader who fought and beat the Europeans on their own game of diplomacy, which he later called “Good over evil”. This was not the first time when he played, “Good over evil”. In 1919, he played against the big powers and attained victory. He was then the Regent of Ethiopia. The Europeans were against his intention of registering his nation as a member of the League of Nations. They considered Ethiopia as “uncivilized country”. The Emperor hired an Italian emissary to defend Ethiopia, as it was a mutual interest. Italia wanted to declare Ethiopia known as the civilized because it was beaten by Emperor Menelik 23 years ago in 6 hours at the battle of Adwa. It was too much to bear the reputation of being beaten by “uncivilized nation”. Emperor Haile Selassie advised the Italian emissary to mention at the League of Nations that when Europeans were pagans, Christianity was being practiced in Ethiopia. At the podium of the League, the emissary convinced every one of them, except for the British and French representatives. His theatrical presentation with the eye opening phrase, “Having one of the first Christian countries among us is a sign of blessing”. It was a free ticket to sit at a dinner table next to the “former pagan and now the civilized nations”. This was recorded as the first victory of the Regent, Ras Tafari Makonnen in Europe. 16 years later, in 1935, when Mussolini invaded Ethiopia, Europeans understood why the Emperor registered his nation as a member of the League. Article 17 was the main core value for him to register Ethiopia, the guarantee of protection in times of dispute and war. However, the League broke its covenant with Ethiopia to side with Mussolini. To add salt on the open wound, they sanctioned Ethiopia not to import weapons. The Emperor marched to fight a modern day war without modern weapons. As a commander-in-chief, he was supposed to be stationed at Dessie, 264 km away from the battle front. However, keeping with the traditional way of fighting, he was at the battle front, shooting at Italian jet fighters. He teamed with Bekle Ananimos, who was the only soldier trained how to fire the anti-aircraft Oerlikon gun. After the defeat, two months later when he reached Addis Ababa, the Crown Council met to decide the Emperor’s fate. They voted 21 to 3 for him to leave the country in exile and bring assistance from nations sympathizing with Ethiopia’s cause. They also decided Betweded Wold Tsdek, a non-Solomonic to be the interim leader of Ethiopia, and the nation’s capital to move to Gore, the South-Western province. Before the Emperor’s departure, he gave a new proclamation of pardon to include those considered outlaws and bandits in the resistance movement against the invader. All the outlaws’ and bandits’ victims received a settlement through the local courts in their provinces. After he left, the outlaws and bandits, along with their victims, fought the common enemy, the fascist soldiers for five years. As a result of their services, distinguished bandits and outlaws reached to a rank of Girazmach, Kegazmach, Fetawarri, and Dejazmach. When the Emperor reached Djibouti, Captain Morgan welcomed him to British war ship. The Captain allowed all the belongings of the Emperor, except his two lions. Only Rosa, the war time’s dog was allowed to accompany the Emperor. According to Keith Bowers, Rosa lost her sight during the heat of battle, refusing to leave the Emperor’s side. The Emperor had used wild and domestic animals as stress healers 30 years before Dr. Boris Levinson introduced the use of domestic animals for human therapy. When the Emperor reached Jerusalem to his ancestral land, he was asked why he did not continue the battle, to which he replied without mentioning the Europeans sanction that brought his army to its last bullet, “My death doesn’t serve but my life does.” Two weeks later he reached The Port of Southampton, England. The enthusiastic crowd was waiting for hours to welcome him. Before he stepped out, the British officials met him inside the ship. They briefed him about their government’s position that he would neither be welcomed officially nor have a press conference. Hearing this, the Emperor stepped out of the ship to catch a train to London. When he stepped out of the ship, the crowd was shocked, as he appeared just like any other State visitor rather than an emperor who had just been in the middle of a war, injured by poison gas, defeated, journeyed on foot, mule back, and finally via long voyage by ship. His fresh look prevented every one of the crowd from reading his wounded soul. A brave Jomo Kenyatta (Burning Spear), who later became the first president of the independent Kenya trespassed into the restricted area and shook the Emperor’s hand. As the police tightened the area, the standing crowd showered him with love and honor by calling his name. In London, similar crowds welcomed him. Marcus Garvey was one of them. As all eyes were on the Emperor, the Lion of Judah, eclipsed every major world news story including the ongoing the Spanish Civil War. Two weeks later he travelled to Geneva with the mindset of David facing Goliath. As he walked gracefully to the podium, the assembly hall’s lights were turned off twice. The Lion of Judah stood his ground, however, and began his historical speech. The Italians suddenly broke the tranquility of the gathering by shouting and screaming. Instead of over reacting, the Exiled Emperor seized the podium and looked each one of the hecklers in their eyes. He redefined the character of the descendants of the Solomonic dynasty in times of difficulty. His speech now has an honorary position at UNESCO as one of the world’s heritage documents. It was the first courageous antiwar speech that warned diplomats before the Second World War. His message, five years later, proved them all wrong. “Today international morality is at stake…Apart from the kingdom of the Lord, there is no one on this earth or any nation that is superior to any other…today it is us, tomorrow it will be you…God and history will remember your judgment,” these defensive discourses were like stones hurled from the sling of David to hit the Goliaths of The League of Nations on their foreheads. To understand his body language at the podium, history had to wait for another 30 years until a new terminology called Emotional Intelligence (EI), the hidden driver of excellence, was coined. The Emperor scored high EI, when the assembly hall’s lights turned off twice in collaboration with Mussolini’s malevolent men who stood up booing and jeering him. Four years later, 1940, when Mussolini became the enemy of the British and joined Hitler’s camp, the Emperor’s first prediction had come to pass, “You struck the match against Ethiopia, and it shall burn Europe.” While he carried on writing his biography in his Fairfield House, the news reached him that the British were ready to assist him in everything he wanted. He closed his book to reopen it in his capital, Addis Ababa. He searched in his closet for his military uniform, which had not been worn for four years. The following day, he flew to Sudan to form his famous army, The Gideon Force. The British who accompanied him changed his name to “Mr. Strong Man”. All the Ethiopian refugees who were living in Jerusalem, Cairo, Kenya, and Djibouti flocked to Sudan to join The Gideon Force. This force was a unique force. It was the union of Ethiopians and the British colonial army: Nigerians, Kenyans, and Sudanese infantries. Perhaps this was the first Pan Africa Army led by Pan African Emperor. When an unknown female Azmare(Griot) saw the Emperor entering to the Ethiopia boarder, sitting on mule back, she put the scene into words: “The victory of Ethiopia will be soon In his hand Tafari carries a new gun” Only seven countries claimed victory in The Second World War. Among them, Ethiopia was the first, as she was the first victim of the fascist. On May 5, 1941, the Emperor hoisted The Lion of Judah flag in his palace. After tolerating the Europeans biased and shameful politics, he demonstrated that he could stroll on a tightrope above the jaws of the colonial powers while keeping Ethiopia’s freedom in his hands. His determination and tenacity in spite of all obstacles, discouragements, and impossibilities registered his name in history as a brand for wisdom and dignity. On May 7th, the Emperor threw a lavish party in his palace to honor the members of the Gideon Force. Medals of Honor were intended to be presented to his Pan African soldiers, on which were engraved, “For Unforgettable Service”. However, the British Generals refused the recognition and said, “It is up to us to honor our colonial soldiers.” After the victory, while daily life returned to normal, the Emperor had another battle against the British who had assisted him in returning to his throne. The British generals based in South Africa and Egypt deployed to the colonial army to assist the Gideon Force were under the assumption of reclaiming Ethiopia as one of the their colonies. It was too late when they realized that they fought not for the British but for the throne of “The Strong Man,” who defeated the League of Nations in Geneva, the modern day Elah valley, where David brought down Goliath. The Emperor, master on the art of diplomacy, was the first and last African leader who expelled Italy, Britain, and France out of Ethiopia and Eritrea. In 1952, during the British handover of Eritrea to Ethiopia, there was a ceremony at which Ato Belte Gebre, one of the members of the Ethiopian delegation, who took over the administration from the British, made the following speech. “When the British’s flag was lowered and that of The Lion of Judah was hoisted, Mrs. Cumming, wife of the British Chief administrator of Eritrea, passed out and dropped to the ground. She was rushed to the hospital. The following week, the Emperor crossed the Merebe River and entered Asmara, Eritrea for the first time. All, except the bedridden, lined up on both sides of street to welcome him and Empress Menen. The people of Eritrea, who had been living under the Apartheid System for more than 400 years, were overwhelmed by the scene of white officers leading the black Emperor and Empress through the crowd. The couples sat in a open black Rolls-Royce waving at both sides of the crowd, while the British Marching Band was leading at the front. As the Emperor was the leader of many firsts, he was only the second after Napoleon to recapture his power after he had lost it. In 1954, Marlon Brando, an actor, film director, and Oscar winner, welcomed him at Universal Studios, Los Angles, dressed in Napoleon’s uniform. Ato Kebede Mikaela, father of modern Amharic literature, who was with the Emperor, said, “The Emperor was not happy with the comparison to Napoleon, a colonial general.” The Lion of Judah did not need any comparison but his destiny. The May 5TH Victory is known throughout the world as the victory of Emperor Haile Selassie the first. Langston Hughes, the central figure in the Harlem Renaissance, praised the Emperor in his famous poem. In Europe, the Polish-Jewish cartoonist Arthur Szyk, depicted the Emperor as David kicking Mussolini, Goliath, while an African soldier in the distance was cheering with a banjo. Like Langston and Szky, many victims by the systemic racism inspired by Good over evil victory. “Emperor Selassie who had no wealth, nuclear bomb brought the western leaders before his feet,” Yogiraj Siddhanat, a Hindu, Yoga’s Master, to wit, “Emperor Selassie is a modern-day Krishna,” Almost all European countries honored the Emperor with the Medals of Honor. Guinness Book of World Records lists the Emperor as the most awarded. In 1963, John John, son of President Kennedy, sat on Jackie’s lap, steering at the Emperor and asked his mom, “Why does that man have all these medals on his chest,” Jackie, the first lady said, “Because he is the super hero”. In Ethiopia, the Emperor is considered as “a coward, a feudal, etc.” Edward Ullendorff, a former professor at Harvard University, a prominent figure in Semitic studies, who translated the Emperor’s book, My Life and Ethiopia’s progress, from Amharic to English, said, “When great men described Haile Selassie, he remained to be great, but in the description of small minds, he will appear to be as small as their mindset.” However, history is a witness that in the era of the Emperor every decade felt like a week, but in the eras of communist and now in times of the ethnic federalism every week passed with genocide and horror. The Emperor’s May 5th Victory in Ethiopia has unscrupulously stolen legacy. The first who stole it was Mengestu Hailmariam, by changing the date of the Victory Day. In his public speech, he called the Emperor “a coward who ran away to England to save his life”. He added, “If I were in that coward’s position, I will fight until my last bullet.” Mengestu is now living in Zimbabwe, fulfilling his claim of the Emperor fleeing from Ethiopia. His father, Hailmariam Wolde was serving as a prison guard of the Italian during the fascist occupation of Ethiopia in Holta, 42 Km away from Addis Ababa. It was not by accident that the story of Mengestu’s father was hidden from public memory. The 129th birthday celebration comes when the spirit of Ethiopianism is at its lowest point, while ethnic federalism has reached at its worst, destabilizing the very foundation of the nation. This semi-apartheid system, after implemented for 30 years, has now reached a dead end. It was first used by Mussolini in 1936, which helped him to revenge the defeated of the battle of Adwa. In 1991, the same system was adopted by Ethiopians who put their ethnic and tribe first, which has helped them to stay in power until now. This must be terminated now, not only for the survival of the Pan Ethiopia, but also for safety of the tribal leaders. They have become the victim of their own ideology. The hate they entertained for 30 long years has now come after them to reap what they sow. When this Anti-Pan Ethiopia system fades away, the legacies of the Emperor will rise up again to serve his nation as soft power. 47 years ago, he left a note on how to keep Ethiopia in peace, harmony, equal rights and justice for all regardless of gender, religion, and ethnicity. Who has the gut now to pick this note from dustbin? Show me anti-Haile Selassie, I will show you his enemies’ immoral ground. Happy 129th Birthday. 0 0 votes Article Rating Notify of Inline Feedbacks View all comments Back to top button Would love your thoughts, please comment.x
Plan together now If your smoke alarm went off in the night would you know what to do? These pages explain how to make a fire action plan for your home. Read them now - it could save lives. Take everyone into account Make your fire action plan with everyone in your household, escpecially children and elderly or disabled people. Your best escape route is your normal way in and out of your home Decide on a different route as well, in case the normal one is blocked Keep all escape routes clear. Tell everyone in your household where you keep your door and window keys When it's safer to stay in your home You can be safe as well as secure if you make sure that anyone who needs to get out in an emergency can easily open doors and windows. If your escape route is blocked, it may be safer to stay put and protect yourself until the Fire Brigade arrives. Find a suitable room now. Choose one with a window that opens and, if possible, a phone so that you can call 999. If the staris in a block of flats are blocked by fire or smoke don't use the lift. Stay calm and go back inside your flat - it's designed to keep fire out. Close the door and follow the safety steps in this leaflet. When you make your fire action plan: always include children and elderly and disabled people; choose the best escape route and another way out, and keep them clear; tell everyone where the door and window keys are; and If you would like free advice on making your fire action plan, contact your local Fire Brigade. The number is in your local phone book. if you can't escape, it's safer to stay in your home, protect yourself, and wait to be rescued.
Edit Photo Water clock Science Project Building a Water ClockBernard Gitton's Time-Flow clock Luna04 / CC-BY-SA-3.0, via Wikimedia Commons This activity should follow student encounters with more simple systems, such as pencils, scissors, etc. In this activity, students will begin to examine more closely the interactions between the parts of a system. The main goal of having students learn about systems is not to have them talk about systems in abstract terms, but to enhance their ability to attend to various aspects of particular systems in attempting to understand or deal with the whole system. Begin by letting students view This Week's WOW: Water Clock, a video of the largest water clock in North America, on display at the Children's Museum of Indianapolis. Students should jot down and describe some of the parts that make up the water clock. As they read, ask students to write down the answers to these questions: • What are the parts of a water clock? • (An oscillator [the pendulum], a frequency divider, a minute counter [the minute discs], and an hour counter [the hour balls]. Water from a pump in the basement, just below the clock, is pumped through a pipe running up the middle of the clock into a reservoir at the top. The water then drips down onto a scoop at the top which is connected to the green, swinging pendulum. The pendulum causes the scoop to dump the water into a series of siphons. The siphons fill and empty into the minutes' globes. A siphon is a tube in an inverted "U" shape which causes the solution to flow up, without pumps, powered by the fall of the liquid as it flows down the tube under the pull of gravity.) • What is it designed to do? • What advantage does it have over other devices such as sundials? • (It could be used at night as well as in daylight.) • What is the largest problem associated with water clocks? • (The rate of flow of water is very difficult to control accurately.) • Discuss the answers with the class. How A Water Clock Works In the first part of the activity, the class will investigate how a water clock works and the effect of one of its variables on its ability to be an accurate timepiece. Tell students: Early water clocks were stone vessels with sloping sides that allowed water to drip at a nearly constant rate from a small hole near the bottom. Other water clocks were bowl-shaped containers that slowly filled with water at a constant rate. Markings on the inside surfaces measured the passage of time as the water level rose on the inside of the bowl, a result of its slowly sinking. We're going to use a soft drink bottle to make a similar device. Ask students to select what they consider to be the most important parts of the device. Do the following as a teacher-led exploration: 1. Use the pin to make a very small hole in the bottom or close to the bottom of the bottle. A hole smaller than the diameter of the pin is desirable. Let the students examine the hole. 2. Holding a finger over the hole, fill the bottle with water to a level just below the shoulder where it begins to have a smaller diameter. Mark this level on the outside of the bottle. Measure the time required for 100 ml (+/- 0.5 ml) of water to run or drip out of the bottle. Repeat the experiment with the starting water level about halfway up the bottle and with the starting water level very low in the bottle. Plot the times as a function of the distance the starting water level was above the hole in the bottle. Discuss the results with the class using questions such as the following: Source: sciencenetlinks.com Water Clock project for Physics Water Clock project for Physics Science Project Science Project Water Clock Water Clock Share this Post Related posts Water clock Project Water clock Project OCTOBER 27, 2021 The purpose is to have students come together and work to build a water clock as a symbol of sustainability. In addition… Read More Water clocks how they work Water clocks how they work OCTOBER 27, 2021 How a Pendulum Works: A pendulum is made up of a string or solid rod with a weight attached to the end. Pendulums are designed… Read More
Quick Answer: Do Trees Know They Are Alive? Is a tree a living thing? Humans, insects, trees, and grass are living things. Nonliving things do not move by themselves, grow, or reproduce.. Do trees talk to humans? They’re naturally networking, connected with everything that exists, including you. Biologists, ecologists, foresters, and naturalists increasingly argue that trees speak, and that humans can learn to hear this language. … In fact, the relationships between trees and other lifeforms are reflected in Waorani language. Do trees have DNA? Do trees scream when you cut them? Where is the oldest tree on earth? In 2008, peculiar circumstances led to the discovery of the world’s oldest individual from a clonal tree: Old Tjikko, a 9,550-year-old Norway spruce located the in Fulufjället Mountains in Sweden, according to scientists at Umeå University. Do trees have feelings? Can trees see us? What is something that grows but is not alive? non-living: something that cannot move, reproduce, or grow and is inanimate. Is an apple dead or alive? After apples are picked, they are still alive – they continue to carry out the chemical processes of a living plant, more or less, as they take in oxygen, create energy, and get closer and closer to ripeness. Do trees moan? Excessive noise: It’s obviously normal for a tree to rustle and, sometimes, even creak when the wind blows through the branches. What’s not normal is for there to be significant creaking and groaning coming from the tree in even light winds. … Most of the rest will eventually kill a tree once they start growing. Can trees cry?
Gambar halaman [merged small][ocr errors] Code of Civil Procedure........... SECTION I. 1. [Legislative power.]—All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a senate and house of representatives SECTION II. 1. (House of representatives. The house of representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year, by the people of the several states; and the electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the state legislature. 2. (Representatives—Qualifications.]—No person shall be a representtative who shall not have attained the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen. , in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each state shall have at least one representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three; Massachusetts, eight; Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, one; Connecticut, five; New York, six ; New Jerzey, four; Pennsylvania, eight; Delaware, one; Maryland, six; Virginia, ten; North Carolina, five; South Carolina, five; and Georgia, three. 4. (Vacancies.]-When vacancies happen in the representation from any state, the executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. 5. [Speaker-Power of Impeachment.] The house of representatives shell chuse their speaker and other officers, and shall have the sole power of impeach 1. (Senate.)-The senate of the United States shall be composed of two senators 4. [President of Senate.]-The vice-president of the United States shall be president of the senate; but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided. 5. [Officers.]—The senate shall chuse their other officers, and also a president pro tempore, in the absence of the vice-president, or when he shall exercise the office of president of the United States. 6. [Court of impeachment.]—The senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments . When sitting for that purpose, they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the president of the United States is tried, the chief justice shall preside; and nu person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. 7. [Extent of judgment in case of impeachment.]-Judgment in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit, under the United States; but the party convicted shall nevertheless, be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment according to law. 1. [Elections, how regulated.]—The times, places, and manner of holding elections for senators and representatives, shall be prescribed in each state, by the legislature thereof, but the congress may, at any time, by law, make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of chusing senators. 2. [Meetings of congress.]—The congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. 1. [To judge of the election of its members—Quorum.]—Each house shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner, and under such penalties as each house may provide. 2. [Rules.] – Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member. 4. (Adjournment.]-Neither house, during the session of congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. 1. [Compensation-Privilege.]— The senators and representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall, in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest, during their attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to or returning from the same, and for any speech or debate in either house, they shall not be questioned in any other place. 2. [Holding other office.]—No senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office, under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased, during such time; and no person holding any office under the United States shall be a member of either house, during his continuance in office. SECTION VII. 1. [Revenue bills.]—All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the house of representatives, but the senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills. 2. [Power and duty of president in relation to bills.]—Every bill which shall have passed the house of representatives and the senate, shall, before it become a law, be presented to the president of the United States; if he approve, he shall sign it; but if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to that house in which it shall have originater), who shall enter the objections, at large, on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But, in all such cases, the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays; and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill, shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the president within ten days, (Sundays excepted,) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the congress, by their adjournment, prevent its return; in which case, it shall not be a law. 3. [Same-Joint resolutions.]—Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of the senate and house of representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment,) shall be presented to the president of the United States; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the senate and house of representatives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill. SECTION VIII. (General powers.]—The congress shall have power 1. [Taxes.] – To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises; to pay the debts, and to provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States; but all duties, imposts and excises, shall be uniform throughout the United States. 2. [Loans.]—To borrow money on the credit of the United States. 3. Commerce. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes. 4. [Naturalization-Bankruptcy.]—To establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United « SebelumnyaLanjutkan »
What are traits? "Some dogs are black. Other dogs are brown. Some plants have purple flowers and others have white flowers. Living things have different traits that they pass onto their offspring. Let's investigate traits to learn more!" Bibliographic Details Main Author: Sohn, Emily Format: BOOK Published: Pebble, a Capstone imprint 2022 Series:Science inquiry
Your question: What Is ie3 and ie4 motors? What is an IE4 motor? The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has published a standard (IEC/EN 60034-30-1:2014) that defines a class of IE4 or Super Premium Efficiency motors. … For a 0.75 kW (1 hp motor) the efficiency level for an 1800 RPM Super Premium Efficiency motor is 85.5% versus 83.5% for a Premium Efficiency motor. What Is IE3 class motor? Hoyer IE3 electric motors are manufactured according to the efficiency class system specified under IEC 60034-30. They have a proven high quality, reliability and performance. The motors are asynchronous low voltage three-phase TEFC squirrel-cage motors. What is IE4 efficiency? IE4 represents the highest energy efficiency whilst IE1 represents the least energy efficiency. In other words, the higher the class number, the higher the motor efficiency. IE5 is to be incorporated in the next edition of IEC 60034-30-1, with a goal to obtain an energy loss reduction of 20% relative to IE4. Which is better IE2 or IE3? Efficiency:IE3 average value is 91.5%, IE2 average value is 87%. Note: The above all are calculated value of electromagnetism. From the above data, we can see that: one 7.5KW motor which has Grade 1 energy efficiency can save 892 degree than Grade 2. What is NEMA standard for motors? NEMA is the North American standard for electric motors. NEMA is the publisher of NEMA MG 1-2014, a book that defines the manufacturing standards for alternating-current (AC) and direct-current (DC) motors in North America. The IEC is the standard for electric motors for the rest of the world. IT IS INTERESTING: What is motor pitch? Which motor has highest efficiency? Are motors standard? The dimensions of the motors shall be as specified in IS 1231, IS 2223 and IS 2254 as applicable. The method of measurement and the requirement Page 9 IS 12615 : 2011 4 shall be as given in 8.6 of IS/IEC 60034-1 and 5.7 of IS 15999 (Part 2/Sec 1). What are energy efficient motors? Energy-efficient motors are the ones in which, design improvements are incorporated specifically to increase operating efficiency over motors of standard design. … Energy-efficient motors now available in India operate with efficiencies that are typically 3 to 4 percentage higher than standard motors. What is efficiency class IE3? The IE Efficiency classes defined as: IE1-Standard Efficiency (Comparable to EFF2) IE2-High Efficiency (Comparable to EFF1) IE3 – Premium Efficiency. Havells is the first in India to introduce complete range of IE2, IE3 Efficiency Motors. How do you calculate motor efficiency? Typical Motor Efficiency Values: Efficiency is simply output (useful) power divided by input power, with the difference being losses due to imperfections in design and other inevitabilities.
Concrete Leveling Foam Most people know concrete when they hear it. Concrete is a construction material, used in everything from buildings to parking lot construction. Concrete contractors can help individuals and companies achieve the look they desire with the material. Concrete contractors can grade, level, and install Concrete slabs. “Suken Concrete?” Don’t replace it; we level it for you! We level it for each phase of a project, including: wetting and laying, topping, fillings, processing, fillings, fillings, curing, coatings, washing, denting and de-greasing, oiling, cleaning, waxing, sealing, pregrading, polylevels, flash coatings, powder coatings, and the final coating. Free estimates and no obligation in all cases. Concrete Leveling Contractors Medina can also evaluate and repair cracks in the foundation, the walls surrounding the foundation, and the ground itself. Cracks in the foundation weaken the entire foundation, which could lead to foundation failure. Repairing cracks in the foundation weakens the entire surrounding landscape, as well. The foundation cracks can lead to landscape destruction, sometimes quite severe. With the use of Concrete Pavers, small concrete potholes can be minimized, or even completely eliminated, to maintain the appearance of an intact landscape surrounding the foundation. “How does expanding structural foam leveling (ESFM), work?” ESFM reduces the visual impact of the holes and also adds strength to the base. Concrete expands when it is poured on top of an unleveled foundation. Concrete that expands over an unleveled foundation can cause damage to the surrounding landscaping and subsidence. Concrete contractors can use ESFM to add internal pressure to concrete to counteract the outward pressure of atmospheric pressure and thermal shock. How is Concrete Leveling performed? Sandjacking is one of the main roles of a Concrete Leveling contractor. Sandjacking refers to the use of coarse materials, which are transported to the jobsite by trucks and conveyor belts. The fine particles of sand and gravel are then spread across the base and around the hole using machines that use a roller-type action to move the sand through the hole and compacting it into the proper, expanding the depth of concrete. How does Concrete Leveling foam work? The concrete leveling foam is made up of larger concrete particles and larger Concrete Leveling foam particles. This allows for better contact with the soil around the foundation. As the fine particles are compacted together, they provide a better seal between the soil and the foundation’s base. With this extra layer of protection, the foundation will last longer and contribute to the structural integrity of the entire structure. Comments are closed.
Skip to main content Why people bully and are bullied People bully others for all kinds of reasons They may be being bullied themselves and so they think bullying someone else will help them feel better. They may be being encouraged to bully you by ‘friends’ and are afraid of being left out if they don’t do it. They could be threatened by something different about you – your accent, the clothes you wear, your race, or religion. They may be jealous about the way you look, the fact you are good at something or where you live. For more information look here, also look at External links section..
The Gremlins of the USA Huge American aircraft carriers could be attractive targets for future wars. With today’s tools, they’re easy to detect, and it’s enough for a single enemy missile to get through their defenses. In comparison, they are terribly expensive, and both China and Russia already have maneuvering ballistic missiles that are nicknamed “carrier killers”. So I needed a new plan, an appropriate answer. Marvel’s Cinematic Universe assets are called Helicarriers, and The Economist reports that DARPA, the Pentagon’s research division, takes it quite seriously to create a similar program. Current plans include a flying mothership that can land cheap, manufactured drones called Gremlin, which can patrol their surroundings while patrolling and engage in combat themselves. When a Gremlin drone is needed, the modified cargo aircraft carrier can simply drop them out of the sky. Their wings will then open, their engines will turn on, and human operating personnel can control an entire fleet of them at once. When they return, the drones try to attach to a small gondola that hangs from the carrier. This is one of the weak elements of the concept, so far no one has been able to perform the test, although in some experiments, “successful capture only took centimeters”. Flying aircraft carriers seem unnecessarily complicated, risky, and carbon positive compared to seeming to stay floating on the surface of the water. However, the military is also concerned that long-range missiles, which could go farther than any aircraft on carriers, could destroy the current balance of power. “If we were to withdraw them from circulation and flying platforms with relatively inexpensive drones became the main weapons of the local strike forces, from which the Gremlin could wreak havoc before being neutralized before they could be neutralized, the bizarre idea could already become a worthwhile solution” said Scott Wierzbanowski, program manager. The idea itself isn’t new anyway, nor does it come from Hollywood, although perhaps the most spectacular examples we’ve actually seen in movies have been the concept. By July 1917, the English had already experimented with an aircraft suspended under an airship called the HM 23, hoping to defend the airship. First an unmanned and then a pilot-led Sopwith Camel fighter was successfully launched from under the airship. As early as 1924, a British imperial airship system was designed with units capable of carrying five fighter jets, but this project was eventually completed. Later, in countless other forms and ways, they tried to revive the same idea, but the Gremlins had never come so close to practical implementation. Gremlin drones weigh 680 kg and have a wingspan of nearly 3.5 meters. Once dropped, he released his wings and lit his turbo-propeller engine, he could fly up to 500 km. In the future, Gremlin’s main responsibilities may include eavesdropping on communications, jamming signals, and locating things to destroy, making airspace safer for crewed aircraft. Such drones can also be armed with tiny missiles or explosives in the event of a kamikaze attack. They can share the data collected and collaborate with each other, returning reconnaissance and targeted information back to warships and aircraft capable of firing larger missiles than could be taken by Gremlins. “Gremlin swarms would undoubtedly suffer losses. But attracting enemy fire would actually be one of their tasks, ”said Andrew Krepinevich, head of Solarium, a naval and air warfare consultant at the Department of Defense. This would allow the Gremlin to smoke out enemy missile units that had turned on their aiming radar, marking them for later destruction. The idea, which seems foolish at first, seems to take on a whole different color if we take a closer look. Recent article More articles you may be interested in...
Is obesity higher in low income families? Although it is clear that low income children have a higher risk of obesity (Yip et al. 1993) and may consume a less “prudent diet” (Devaney et al. 1995, Johnson et al. 1994), no data encompassing obesity, diet and activity are available on the nutritional status of children from poor multiethnic families. How does low income affect obesity? Results: Low-income was highly associated with overweight/obese status (p < 0.0001), whereas the effect of race/ethnicity (p = 0.27) and its interaction (p = 0.23) with low-income were not statistically significant. For every 1% increase in low-income, there was a 1.17% increase in overweight/obese status. What is the relationship between income and obesity? What is the number 1 cause of obesity? Is obesity caused by poverty? Do low income families eat unhealthy? Low income is associated with a poor quality dietary intake [1, 2]. Compared to those with higher income, lower income individuals consume fewer fruits and vegetables, more sugar-sweetened beverages and have lower overall diet quality [1, 2]. Who is prone to obesity? What makes someone obese? What causes obesity? Can obesity be cured? What are five causes of obesity? What causes obesity & overweight? • Environment. The world around us influences our ability to maintain a healthy weight. … • Genetics. … • Health Conditions and Medications. … • Stress, Emotional Factors, and Poor Sleep. Is fast food to blame for obesity? In fact, according to the study from the Cornell University Food and Brand Lab, junk food does not appear to be a leading cause of obesity in the United States. Rather, the researchers suggest that the blame lies with Americans’ overall eating habits — particularly the amount of food consumed. What are the fattest states? Here are the states with the highest rates of obesity: • Mississippi. • West Virginia. • Arkansas. • Tennessee. • Kentucky. • South Carolina. • Louisiana. • Oklahoma. What is the poverty obesity paradox? The paradox is that with rising food insecurity there is a rising obesity. While all segments of the population are affected by obesity, low-income and food insecure people are especially vulnerable. Factors that link low income groups to obesity include:- Lack of awareness of nutritious foods. Is obesity a class issue? “The risk of childhood obesity soars in direct correlation with family income,” the paper reported. …
[Haskell-beginners] Question about precedence Michael Orlitzky michael at orlitzky.com Mon Jul 1 18:44:15 CEST 2013 On 07/01/2013 12:14 PM, Marc Gorenstein wrote: > What sort of beast is ( / 8) in Haskell? It looks like it is a function > that divides a number by 8. Yep. This is probably easier to think about with addition rather than So, (+) is a function. It takes two arguments, and adds them. You need the parenthesis to prevent it from being an infix operator (used in between the numbers), but that's just a detail. Try it in ghci: ghci> (+) 1 2 Thanks to currying, you can construct a function called "plus_one" by leaving off the last argument: ghci> let plus_one = (+) 1 ghci> let plus_one = (+ 1) Either notation will work, but they do subtly different things: in the first case, you get 1 + x, and in the second, you get x + 1. Nevertheless. ghci> plus_one 2 Division works the same way. More information about the Beginners mailing list
Connect with us Home > World > what is the population of the world right now in scientific notation? what is the population of the world right now in scientific notation - Related Questions How many people on earth are scientific notation? Earth's Surface AreaWorld's PopulationStandard number:169,900,0007,403,000,000Scientific notation:1.699×1087.403×109 What is the population of the world in standard form? Graphs produced by Earth reveal the World Population will reach 7.9 billion in 2021. There are more than nine billion people living on earth, out of which 18 percent live in China. The second largest population is in India, with 18.5%. The population of the United States increased by 4.9%. 3 % in Indonesia, 3 % in South Korea. In Brazil, the growth rate was 2.5%. What is the United States population in scientific notation? There are approximately 34000000 people living in Canada. What is a real life example of scientific notation? The scientific notation can be used to read and write large or small numbers more easily. This makes $65,000,000,000, or /begin[align]/$6, the cost of Hurricane Sandy. In the following example, multiply 10[10] by 5 and end with . What is the population of the world right now scientific notation? You can see the decimal point has been moved to the left by five places, and the exponent is also five. There are approximately 6.800 billion people in the world. The following number is expressed in scientific notation. What is the population of the world right now? There will be 9 billion people on the planet in 2021. There are currently 7 billion people on earth. Worldometer estimates that there will be 9.2 billion people by October 2021, according to the latest data provided by the United Nations. 0012 in scientific notation? 0 is notated in the scientific notation. Starting at 0012, the alignment is 1. Divide two times ten times three to receive a value of 10/end[align]. 3 in scientific notation? Three is equal to six in scientific notation. There are three hundred. What is the scientific notation for Earth? There are five points on the Earth's surface in scientific notation. I weigh 971024kg. These five are listed below. A coefficient has a value of 97, and an exponent has a value of 24. A number is multiplied by itself when an exponent is used. There are two two-by-twos in 23 and 24; they are two by two-by-two-by-two or 16 in total. What is the world population in scientific notation? In 2008 the world had a population of 6,760,000,000, as shown in the table below. Therefore, according to scientific notation, there were a total of 6 billion people on this planet in 2008. This is 76*109. A scientific notation involves representing a very big or very small amount of data in a way that is easy to understand while at the same time being easy to count. What is the total population of the Earth 2021? There will be 9 billion people on the planet in 2021. There are currently 7 billion people on earth. Worldometer calculated that the global population will total 9 billion by September 2021, based on the most recent United Nations estimates. "World population" denotes the total number of human beings currently residing on earth (the number of people that exist today). What is the world's population to the nearest billion? As of 2012, it is estimated that there will be 8 billion people living on Earth. Currently, there are 7 billion people on earth. By the year 2050 or sooner, with an estimated 8 billion people and the projected growth of the human population, Earth will be overpopulated. What is the population of California in scientific notation? Therefore, there are two people living in California. There are 96 by 107 cells in the sheet. Two parts of scientific notation are involved: a value between 1 and 10 and a power of 10 multiplied by that number. Five billion million in scientific notation is five times ten thousand. How do you write a number in scientific notation? If you multiply a number between 1 and 10 by a power of ten, it is in scientific notation. It is possible to write 650,000,000 as 6 in scientific notation. You will get five tens times eight. What is an example of scientific notation? How can exponents and scientific notation be used in real life? An exponent is a superscript number that tells you how many times you must multiply a given number. The ability to understand scientific scales like pH or Richter scales, write in scientific notation very large or very small numbers and take measurements are real-world applications. What are the applications of scientific notation? When it comes to very large or very small numbers, scientists, mathematicians, and engineers use scientific notation. It is easier to read large and small numbers when they are written in exponential notation. What is scientific notation give 1 example? Researchers are able to easily deal with extremely large numbers or extremely small numbers by using scientific notation. In place of writing 0, you could write 1. Instead of writing 5, we write 0000000056. Six by nine and the nine by six. How does it ow does this work? These are five that come to mind. The product of two numbers is 6 x 10-9. In the digit term, 6 is equal to 10. In the exponential term, 10-9 is equal to 21. Click to comment Leave a Reply Why Are More Americans Rejecting Western Medicines? Why Are More Americans Rejecting Western Medicines What is western medicine? Why some Americans refuse western medicine? Why Americans might prefer alternative medicine? Alternative medicine is becoming more popular in the US. Conclusion on Why More Americans Are Rejecting Western Medicine Continue Reading A Retrospective of all the Biggest YouTube Controversies Logan Paul The Controversial Video Shane Dawson and Jeffree Star vs James Charles The Response Continue Reading How Health Regulations have Changed Due to the Pandemic A decrease in prescribed medications Appointments via Phone Best Doctor Consultation In Kanpur Book Online - MERHS Improvement in the social care system. Continue Reading
Wednesday, September 9, 2009 A Poetry Revolution By Langston Hughes Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow. After reading it, I asked some questions such as: • How many stanzas does this poem have? • What are the metaphors? • What words don't you know? • Do any words have more than one possible meaning? Anonymous said... It's a great poem. I would like to discuss how dreams are thwarted or killed and how education along with our own actions impact our dreams. Anonymous said... Great poem! Will this discussion go along with the students hopes and goals for the year? Could you explain the concept behind the composition books? My student has been bring it home this week and the writing in it is not good in my opinion. What are the plans for improving all the students writing this year that will prepare them for middle school? Ben Curran said... In terms of our discussion, we also talked about how there are two kinds of dreams, not just the ones we have when we sleep. We decided that this poem is probably not about sleeping! I don't think we directly tied it in to hopes and goals. We really could have talked about this "little" poem for another 30 minutes. Unfortunately, our tight schedule doesn't allow for it. As for notebooks, we'll have 4 altogether...the writer's notebook (composition book), the poetry notebook (blue spiral), Slice of Life notebook (which students should provide), and reader's notebook (kept at school most of the time). Chances are the writing you saw was a rough draft of something, so don't be too alarmed. Writing is a huge part of our curriculum and is covered in every subject. We'll teach different genres (myth, legend, etc), poetry, and the writing process (revision, editing, etc.) and track their progress closely. Hope that answers your questions. I could talk about writing all day, but I'll stop now! :)
Do Turtles Float? Do Turtles Float? Turtles do not float immediately on the water after their death. Only after the gases form in their body, their buoyancy increases, and they float. It takes about 16 to 32 hours for a dead turtle to float in the water. After its death, gases accumulate in its body, and it starts to rot and float. Is it normal for my turtle to float? If you have a turtle floating on the surface of your water tank, it may come from natural gas, but it is probably something much more dangerous than natural gas. Although a floating turtle is a symptom of a serious disease, it may only be caused by the gas accumulated in your turtle. Does a dead turtle float or sink? Like all animals, turtles decompose after death. A foul odor is released as their body decomposes, and gases form in their dead body. These gases that get created inside the dead turtles increase their buoyancy and make them float on water. Can turtles drown in too much water? Turtles cannot drown in too much water. However, if a turtle goes too deep in the water and has no energy left to come up to the surface, then it can drown underwater. Yes, Red Eared Turtles can drown underwater just like any other turtles. Do Turtles Float – Related Questions Why is my turtle floating and not sinking? The signs of a respiratory infection may be subtle, such as an occasional bubbles of mucus from the nostrils or even some bubbles around the eyes. As the infection progresses and become pneumonia, the turtle may float oddly in the water, listing to one side or being unable to submerge. Why does my turtle open its mouth at me? There are many reasons why your turtle could have their mouth open. Some of the most common reasons include eating, uncomfortable living conditions, hunger, aggression, and respiratory infection. Can turtles float while sleeping? At night they sleep underwater, usually resting on the bottom or floating on the surface, using their inflated throat as a flotation aid. Diet: These turtles are omnivorous – eating a variety of aquatic plants, insects, snails, fish, carrion and other small aquatic prey. How do you know if a turtle is happy? Are turtles deaf? Turtles don’t have ears, but they’re not deaf. What causes turtles to die? Why do turtles sleep with their head out? If you notice your pet turtle sleeping with its limbs out, it’s generally nothing to worry about and simply indicates that your turtle is attempting to absorb heat. The most important thing is to maintain a temperature of 70 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit within your pet’s aquarium, and to monitor the oxygen level carefully. Is tap water okay for turtles? Do not use tap water for your tank, as tap water contains chlorine and possibly fluoride which can upset the pH balance of your system. De-chlorinated water needs to be used for the swimming area and filtered water for your turtle to drink. Turtles can carry Salmonella. How Long Can turtles go without eating? How many days can turtle survive without food How do you fix a floating turtle? Gas build-up often fixes itself quite quickly and rarely poses a serious health problem. If you think your turtle has a gas build up, we recommend feeding your turtle this vegetable and fruit mix. It has a lot of antioxidants which should help cure your turtle. Why do turtles struggle to swim? Symptoms of Respiratory Infections in Aquatic Turtles How can I tell if my turtle is dying? Signs of illness often include loss of appetite, lethargy, buoyancy problems (e.g., floating sideways), swollen eyes, and runny nose. These signs are not specific to any particular disease, but rather are symptoms of disease. If any of these signs are noted, an appointment should be scheduled to see a veterinarian. Why do turtles scream? The sound is caused from the turtle blowing the air out of its lungs so it has room inside the shell for the head and neck. If something startles the turtle and he moves the head in quickly, they all make this sound. They can also make this sound when they try to pee or poop. How do you know if your turtle loves you? Turtles and tortoises like to watch their humans when they’re feeling affectionate. They may seem particularly interested in something you’re doing nearby. A long, stretched out neck in your presence sometimes indicates a desire to be scratched or rubbed. What does it mean when a turtle blows bubbles? Turtle is blowing bubbles, wheezing, swimming lopsided, gaping or has excessive mucus around nose or mouth. This indicates a Respiratory Infection (RI), which can often arise when the turtle does not have access to a dry basking area, or humidity is allowed to build up (common in aquarium setups with a lid). Can a turtle drown? Because turtles have lungs and breathe air, they can drown. Do turtles need light at night? Adult turtles don’t need night lights, and most turtles don’t care whether they’re red or blue as long as they’re not too bright. Another kind of night viewing lamp called an infrared heat lamp. They’re designed to produce heat as well as (usually) red light. Some provide mainly heat and little or no light.
Select Page For new parents the arrival of the newborn brings a lot of excitement in their lives. They might look fragile and vulnerable, which they are, but there are some surprising things babies can do, much to the delightful fun of many people. Most babies can do the following surprising things: 1. They can hear everything! Babies hear extremely well: they receive up to 20,000 vibrations per minute, while adults receive only 14,000. The fetus starts to react to sounds since the beginning of the 24th week of pregnancy and a week after delivery they easily distinguish their mother’s voice from the voice of other people. 2. Distinguishing a foreign language. In USA, a test was conducted: a videotape recorded in English but with no sound was played to some babies. Later, another tape with no sound was played, but recorded in French. The babies clearly showed more interest in the French videotape than to the one recorded in English because they considered the English tape familiar. Unfortunately, this ability is lost after the age of 6 months. 3. Prattling with the hands. Studies have shown that babies who grow up confronted with a sign language also try to communicate with their hands. They do it (like in the case of learning foreign languages) slow and unsteady at the beginning-they prattle with the hands! 4. I’m watching you mommy! Long before humans can speak they understand what others say. It seems that babies understand through observing nearby persons. So, mommy, be careful when you say something! 5. The older they are the smarter they get? That’s what you think! Researchers have discovered that as we pass through life we lose some of our abilities, especially the ability of learning. This ability is most effective at the age of 6 months. So, the idea that they are young and they can not or do not know is just an illusion. 6. I’m just like you, daddy! During the first days of life the new generation seems to more closely resemble the father. This is only a joke nature plays: it has decided that so all fathers in the world -long before genetic tests were invented- could recognize their babies and take care of them and their mothers. 7. Little Einstein. Mary has 21 candies and gets another 19. Tommy has 51. Who has more candies?’ Of course, he who knows how to add knows the answer. Here’s what tests say: even some children who do not know how to add can indicate the right answer. They have a great intuition! 8. What are you looking at?! It is not difficult for grownups to distinguish human faces from one another even if they might look alike. However, adults have great difficulty trying to distinguish between two resembling monkeys. Not the same for babies. Tests have proven that they possess this ability, but they lose it in time.
A study recently published in Frontiers in Psychology has found that when comparing sleep, physical activity and diet, sleep has the biggest impact on mental health. The study was conducted through an online survey taken by 1,111 young adults ages 18-25. According to the study, sleep quality is the strongest predictor of both depressive symptoms and well-being. This is closely followed by sleep quantity, which goes to show how important it is that people are paying attention to how well they are sleeping and not just how many hours. The importance of sleep quality in mental health and well-being has long been overlooked, despite playing a vital role in overall health. While there are widely known guidelines that promote healthy sleep quantity, such as the fact that adults should get 7-9 hours of sleep, the importance of sleep quality is not as widely discussed. However, examining sleep quantity is still important. Both too much sleep and too little sleep can be associated with higher depressive symptoms. These findings support and expand upon previous research on the impact of sleep quality and quantity. It is clear that if you want a healthy mind and body, sleep is an important first step. If you or a loved one feel tired or groggy during the day, it may be time to see if a sleep disorder is to blame. Finding out if you are getting enough quality sleep is easy. Start with a free online quiz from SleepMaster Solutions™.

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