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I need to find the smallest value of $x$ such that: $\left \lfloor{\frac{a}{x}}\right \rfloor$ = $\left \lfloor{\frac{b}{x}}\right \rfloor$ EDIT: where $0 < x < a < b$, and $x \in \mathbb{N}$ Is there a closed-form solution for this problem? Any help or suggestions are greatly appreciated. • 2 $\begingroup$ hint: if $0<a<x<b$ the equality is invalid; but if $0<a<b<x$ the result is correct. $\endgroup$ – Hilario Fernandes Oct 15 '14 at 23:37 • 2 $\begingroup$ @HilarioFernandes But the inequality may be valid when $0<x<a<b$, for example, $x=3$, $a=6$, $b=7$. $\endgroup$ – user21467 Oct 16 '14 at 0:12 • 2 $\begingroup$ There is often no such smallest $x$; for example, $\lfloor\frac2x\rfloor < \lfloor\frac3x\rfloor$ if $0<x\le\frac32$ and $\lfloor\frac2x\rfloor = \lfloor\frac3x\rfloor$ if $\frac32<x\le2$. Do you want the infimum? Or do you want $\lceil\cdot\rceil$? $\endgroup$ – user21467 Oct 16 '14 at 15:10 • 2 $\begingroup$ @StevenTaschuk My problem was ill defined. In fact, $x \in \mathbb{N}$. $\endgroup$ – mandy Oct 16 '14 at 20:37 • 3 $\begingroup$ @WillJagy I wish it was an assignment! I am implementing a big data algorithm where I could really benefit from the speed-up of a closed form solution. So far, I iterate between $b-a+1<x<a-1$ but that's not viable for very large values of $a$ and $b$. $\endgroup$ – mandy Oct 17 '14 at 21:31 x = 1 a = 1/2 b = 3/4 These three values satisfy the equality. $$\lfloor \frac ax \rfloor = \lfloor \frac bx \rfloor$$ Substituting in the values... $$\lfloor \frac 12 \rfloor = \lfloor \frac 34 \rfloor$$ $$0 = 0$$ The smallest value for x is 1. a and b can be any numbers in the range [n, n+1) where n is an integer so long as b > a. Their solution is infinite. Your Answer
Valkyries at Ragnarök Primary Sources Secondary Sources Moe, Louis (no.) b. 1857 d. 1945 Nationality: Norwegian/Danish. Occupation: illustrator Residence: Copenhagen Ragnarök (non.) Ragnarok (en.) The final great battle between the gods and the giants. Ragnarok: En Billeddigtning valkyr/valkyrjur (non.) valkyrie/valkyries (en.) Supernatural female warriors who are closely associated with Óðinn and decide the fate of warriors. They convey those who die in battle to Valhöll to join the group known as einherjar who will fight on the side of the Gods in the Battle of Ragnarök.
Machine Learning What Is Machine Learning? 3 things you need to know Why Machine Learning Matters More Data, More Questions, Better Answers When Should You Use Machine Learning? Hand-written rules and equations are too complex—as in face recognition and speech recognition. The rules of a task are constantly changing—as in fraud detection from transaction records. The nature of the data keeps changing, and the program needs to adapt—as in automated trading, energy demand forecasting, and predicting shopping trends. How Machine Learning Works Figure 1. Machine learning techniques include both unsupervised and supervised learning. Get this ebook, download the code, and step through a hands-on machine learning tutorial that helps you master machine learning techniques. Supervised Learning Supervised learning uses classification and regression techniques to develop predictive models. Using Supervised Learning to Predict Heart Attacks Suppose clinicians want to predict whether someone will have a heart attack within a year. They have data on previous patients, including age, weight, height, and blood pressure. They know whether the previous patients had heart attacks within a year. So the problem is combining the existing data into a model that can predict whether a new person will have a heart attack within a year. Unsupervised Learning Unsupervised learning finds hidden patterns or intrinsic structures in data. It is used to draw inferences from datasets consisting of input data without labeled responses. For example, if a cell phone company wants optimize the locations where they build cell phone towers, they can use machine learning to estimate the number of clusters of people relying on their towers. A phone can only talk to one tower at a time, so the team uses clustering algorithms to design the best placement of cell towers to optimize signal reception for groups, or clusters, of their customers. Figure 2. Clustering finds hidden patterns in your data. How Do You Decide Which Machine Learning Algorithm to Use? Choosing the right algorithm can seem overwhelming—there are dozens of supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms, and each takes a different approach to learning. There is no best method or one size fits all. Finding the right algorithm is partly just trial and error—even highly experienced data scientists can’t tell whether an algorithm will work without trying it out. But algorithm selection also depends on the size and type of data you’re working with, the insights you want to get from the data, and how those insights will be used. Figure 3. Machine learning techniques. Here are some guidelines on choosing between supervised and unsupervised machine learning: • Choose supervised learning if you need to train a model to make a prediction--for example, the future value of a continuous variable, such as temperature or a stock price, or a classification—for example, identify makes of cars from webcam video footage. • Choose unsupervised learning if you need to explore your data and want to train a model to find a good internal representation, such as splitting data up into clusters. Machine Learning with MATLAB How can you harness the power of machine learning to use data to make better decisions? MATLAB makes machine learning easy. With tools and functions for handling big data, as well as apps to make machine learning accessible, MATLAB is an ideal environment for applying machine learning to your data analytics. With MATLAB, engineers and data scientists have immediate access to prebuilt functions, extensive toolboxes, and specialized apps for classification, regression, and clustering. MATLAB lets you: • Perform automatic code generation for embedded sensor analytics. • Support integrated workflows from data analytics to deployment. How much do you know about machine learning? Interesting Machine Learning Applications Creating Algorithms that Can Analyze Works of Art Researchers at the Art and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at Rutgers University wanted to see whether a computer algorithm could classify paintings by style, genre, and artist as easily as a human. They began by identifying visual features for classifying a painting’s style. The algorithms they developed classified the styles of paintings in the database with 60% accuracy, outperforming typical non-expert humans. The researchers hypothesized that visual features useful for style classification (a supervised learning problem) could also be used to determine artistic influences (an unsupervised problem). They used classification algorithms trained on Google images to identify specific objects. They tested the algorithms on more than 1,700 paintings from 66 different artists working over a span of 550 years. The algorithm readily identified connected works, including the influence of Diego Velazquez’s “Portrait of Pope Innocent X” on Francis Bacon’s “Study After Velazquez’s Portrait of Pope Innocent X.” Optimizing HVAC Energy Usage in Large Buildings The heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems in office buildings, hospitals, and other large-scale commercial buildings are often inefficient because they do not take into account changing weather patterns, variable energy costs, or the building’s thermal properties. BuildingIQ’s cloud-based software platform addresses this problem. The platform uses advanced algorithms and machine learning methods to continuously process gigabytes of information from power meters, thermometers, and HVAC pressure sensors, as well as weather and energy cost. In particular, machine learning is used to segment data and determine the relative contributions of gas, electric, steam, and solar power to heating and cooling processes. The BuildingIQ platform reduces HVAC energy consumption in large-scale commercial buildings by 10–25% during normal operation. Detecting Low-Speed Car Crashes With more than 8 million members, the RAC is one of the UK’s largest motoring organizations, providing roadside assistance, insurance, and other services to private and business motorists. To enable rapid response to roadside incidents, reduce crashes, and mitigate insurance costs, the RAC developed an onboard crash sensing system that uses advanced machine learning algorithms to detect low-speed collisions and distinguish these events from more common driving events, such as driving over speed bumps or potholes. Independent tests showed the RAC system to be 92% accurate in detecting test crashes. Learn More About Machine Learning Learn how to apply, evaluate, fine-tune and deploy machine learning techniques with MATLAB. Get started with machine learning. Learn machine learning from basic concepts to advanced algorithms. Download the ebook to learn more. The Classification Learner app lets you train models to classify data using supervised machine learning.
Need help on the ACT Math section? Today I will go over some of what I believe to be the hardest problems on the ACT and how to go about solving them quickly and efficiently. While every student has different strengths and weaknesses, the problems I have selected seem to be the most representative of what students have trouble with. The source of these problems is from the “Preparing for the ACT” booklet from 2011-2012 (form code 64E). You can find more practice tests and the Best ACT Prep course ever at our website Question #1: Sequences and series Sequences and series are often difficult since the subject is seldom taught in depth or at all at many high schools. Many students don’t know all of the terminology used to describe the behavior of series which makes these questions very confusing. First, reading the problem we get some vital information. We are told the formula for the sum of an infinite geometric series, given that the common ratio r is less than 1. Notice here that we have not been given a, the first term of the series. Instead we have been given the sum of the infinite geometric series, which we can call s, which is 200. This is what I would like to call a function as a model problem. Not only is this a sequences and series problem, but also a general problem solving question in that you have been given an equation, either explicitly or implicitly, and you must use it to extract new information and solve the problem. In order to solve this problem, let’s first plug in what we know. We are given r, the common ratio (0.15), and s, the sum of the series (200). Now we plug these values into the given equation to get 200 = a/(1 – 0.15). Now we only have one unknown and we can solve for a. The expression can be rewritten as 200 = a/0.85, and then multiplying both sides by 0.85, we get that a = 170. If you’re in a rush, you might just circle answer choice J. and go on to the next question. But that would be incorrect – let’s read the question again: “What is the second term of this series?” The first term of the series is a, which is equal to 170. Basic knowledge about geometric series tells you that you acquire the next term in the series by multiplying by the common ratio. If you want to find the nth term of the series, you multiply the first term a by the common ratio r raised to the (n-1) power. Since we want the second power, we multiply a by r raised to the first power: 170 x 0.15 = 25.5. Your answer is choice F. 25.5 The key skills you need here are knowing how to approach function as a model questions, as well as how geometric sequences work. For the ACT, be sure to also know how arithmetic sequences work and try to do a few practice problems. Question #2: Properties of numbers I like to call these kinds of questions properties of numbers questions. Other questions like this will often involve integers, evens, odds, primes, and other similar mathematical ideas. These kinds of problems aren’t really taught in school, but rather are solved through the understanding of basic mathematical principles. The key to solving this problem is not by plugging and chugging, which would be many student’s first guess. Not only would this method take more time, but it also can yield wrong answers depending on which numbers you pick. Instead, let’s take an algebraic approach. We are told that the 2-digit number x has tens digit t and units digit u. So, the number 35 would have t = 3 and u = 5. Let’s think about what this really means. If you are given and u, how would you go about finding that number that x represents? Since t is the tens digit, we know that t = 3 actually represents 3 times 10, or 30. Likewise, since u is the ones digit, we know that u = 5 actually represents 5 times 1, or 5. Summing 30 and 5, we get our number x. The point of all of this is that the number x can be represented with an algebraic expression using and u. Since is in the tens digit, we represent this with 10t, and since u is in the ones digit, we represent this with just u. Summing these, we get that x = 10t + u. Performing the same process for y, taking into account that the digits are now reversed, we get y = 10u + t. Notice that we now have x and y represented as algebraic expressions of t and u, which is what we want! Now we simply perform the subtraction x – y in terms of the new variables. (10t + u) – (10u + t) = 9t – 9u Factoring out a 9, we get 9(t – u), which is the same as answer choice F. 9(t – u) While that may be it for problems for this video, I can leave you all with some types of math problems that many students need to brush up on before taking the test. 1. Arrangements, combinations, and permutations problems 2. Probability 3. Sequences and series 4. Vectors 5. Matrix operations At the very least, do some practice that involve these kinds of problems, just to make sure that you have them down. Other than that, I hope this was helpful! Good luck studying!
Language Reports Creatures With Character A Curious-Minded Look at Nouns With-ed Words like talented and glossy-paged represent a curious feature of English: adjectives that seemingly take the past participle verbal ending -ed, but that do not derive from verbs. Why can you say talented when there is no lexicalized verb to talent? Why does a glossy-paged book sound natural but a paged book, a concreted wall or a five-houred drive sound strange? Stories of the Older Type Conflicting Data Although Latin is a dead language, it has a funny way of coming back to haunt us from beyond the grave. Complex declensions and deponent verbs aside, aspects of Latin grammar and vocabulary continue to affect the English language today. One such linguistic haunting is the question of whether the Latin-derived word data should be treated as a plural or a singular. So which is it, data is or data are? Web Words Why Are There So Many Ways to Spell Hanukkah (Or Is It Chanukah)? Hanukkah is widely known across the English-speaking world as an important Jewish holiday. How do you spell it? Spells and Curses Autumn is well and truly here, and people across the English-speaking world have been celebrating Halloween: a fusion of Christian and pagan traditions with a heavy emphasis on magic and the occult. Accordingly, spells and curses are the subject of this month’s Word Stories, although, in the case of one of our words, the connection might seem mysterious at first sight. Write Smart, Speak Loud, Think Quick: The Score on Suffixless Adverbs Many English adverbs end in -ly (beautifully, honestly, merely), some other adverbs end in -wise (clockwise, otherwise, date-night-wise), and some never take a suffix (inside, midflight, so, thus). When a flat adverb (such as smart, loud or quick) does have an -ly form (smartly, loudly, quickly), many writers wonder whether it is acceptable to use the suffixless form. More or Less With autumn just around the corner, students are heading back to school. Most of them will already be familiar with the theme of this month’s Word Stories, since plus, minus and equals are rudimentary components of any curriculum. However, the subject of the words themselves is rarely covered. Is It Acceptable to Verb? Verbing, also known as denominalization or verbification, refers to the creation of verbs from words belonging to other syntactic categories, typically nouns. It is common practice in English, and most of us encounter verbed words several times a day, on subjects ranging from texting to parenting and networking. Noble Sports After a succession of food and drink-based Word Stories, it might be time to turn our attention to some physical activity. Badminton, croquet and polo are all sports frequently associated with the English aristocracy, but their etymologies vary greatly, both in their origins and their complexity. Controversial Usage Rules: the Case of Comprise Comprise is a popular verb when discussing parts of a whole, but many writers are unsure of how to use it correctly. Do the parts comprise the whole, does the whole comprise the parts, or are both constructions correct? Can you use the passive form comprised of? This article will examine the traditional rule as well as the history of usage that challenges it. Naturalized Flavours The culinary theme continues in this month’s selection of Word Stories. After sampling a few recent additions to the anglophone diet, we return to some of its most common and best loved products: tea, chocolate and ketchup. Using Accents and Diacritics in English To many speakers of English, there is something distinctly foreign about those small symbols that accompany letters in words like piñata, café, and many more. The reason for this is no mystery; they have never been a prominent part of the English writing system, unlike most languages that use a Latin script. Although many people call them accents, the correct name for these symbols is diacritic mark or simply diacritic. Lexical Nourishment Although the English language is a complex blend of diverse ingredients, the English-speaking world is not typically known for the richness of its cuisine. Our native culinary stock is particularly meagre when it comes to vegetarian and vegan options, which probably explains the large number of borrowings in this category. Meat-free anglophones borrowed two key components of their diet from opposite corners of the earth, helping themselves to their names while they were at it. Millions, Billions and Other Large Numbers The word billion was not introduced in the French language until the fifteenth century and didn’t find its way into English until the end of the seventeenth century, which is fairly late in the history of counting. What words were used before this time to talk about large numbers? Mixed drinks For some, there’s nothing better than a drink to get into the holiday mood. In that spirit, we invite you to start the year by partaking in this intoxicating mix of stories consisting of three words in equal parts: cocktail, punch and grog. BC and AD, BCE and CE: What’s the Difference? Noble Family We continue our exploration of noble gases in this month’s edition of Word Stories, looking at two more members of this close-knit family. Metaphorical Gender in English: Feminine Boats, Masculine Tools and Neuter Animals Why are ships frequently referred to as she and her? This question points to the phenomenon of using creative gender assignment on nouns in English. This article will provide an outline of gender in language and the creative use of gender in English. Rooted in secrecy Ammon- and krypto-, roots of this month’s words in question, have a common meaning: “hidden”. Despite their mysterious roots, each refers to a well-known chemical substance, the most famous of which is the fictional kryptonite. River Thames, Mississippi River, Lake Michigan, Cayuga Lake: the Where and Why of Word Order Why do the words “river” and “lake” sometimes follow the proper name, as in River Thames and Lake Michigan, and at other times come before them, as in Mississippi River and Cayuga Lake? Rivers and lakes have different sets of naming conventions. Weird Stories We pursue our exploration of the animal kingdom in the following Word Stories. Among the weird creatures inhabiting the earth, some enjoy more fame than others. Lexical good fortune has given the long-snouted aardvark a premium spot in most English-language dictionaries, while it has also starred in a number of popular TV series, including the Ant and the Aardvark (1969–1971). The kiwi, a flightless bird, gained celebrity status with its selection as the national symbol of New Zealand, subsequently developing its brand by lending its name to several other uses. Navigating the British Isles: A Lexical Guide The terms Britain, United Kingdom and England, among others, are a source of confusion for many people outside (and even inside) the British Isles. With so many overlapping names and entities, it is no surprise that people have trouble choosing their words when talking about these islands and their inhabitants. In this article, we will look at these different names, what they mean and how to use them. Small Names for Big Beasts The wild theme continues in this month’s Word Stories. We examine two remarkably similar beasts that hail from opposite corners of the earth: the African plains and the highlands of Asia. An Avian Runner After beginning in Southern Africa, we now cross the Atlantic for our next selection of Word Stories. Such a journey would prove impossible for the subject of this instalment: a flightless bird known as the rhea or nandu The Singular Forms of Criteria and Bacteria English has borrowed numerous words from Classical Latin and Ancient Greek while conserving the original plurals, which are known as neoclassical plurals. Examples are vertebrae and syllabi. Stories of Different Stripes Every word has its story: its unique pathway into the English language. Some are longer and more intricate than others, while some follow a surprising route. The first instalment of this series looks at zebra and quagga, two words describing closely related animals. Like the creatures themselves, neither word is native to the English-speaking world. However, the commonality of their genetics does not extend to the names we give them, one of which originated far from the plains of southern Africa… Native American, First Nations or Aboriginal? Many users have wondered what the difference is between terms like Native AmericanFirst NationsAboriginalIndian, etc., and which ones are considered acceptable. Than I or Than Me? Many English speakers wonder whether it is better to use subject pronouns (Iheshewethey) or object pronouns (mehimherusthem) after comparatives than and as. Antidote: a Reference As a user of Antidote, you might have wondered how to cite our dictionaries and guides in a reference. Singular They Of all areas of disputed English grammar, the use of they to refer to a singular antecedent is among the most prominent.
Lewis Diuguid Cuba gives visitors trip into the past This is a view from the tower at Manaca Iznaga, a former sugar plantation in Cuba. This is a view from the tower at Manaca Iznaga, a former sugar plantation in Cuba. The Kansas City Star On one of the long bus rides into Cuba’s interior this month, I talked with Rita Pereira about things that fascinated me about her homeland. Pereira, who’s a lawyer, university professor and advocate for women’s rights and gay rights, for a second consecutive year led the National Association for Multicultural Education group on its educational and cultural exchange with the island nation. Americans who go to Cuba not only enter a different nation but are immersed in a different culture where people speak Spanish and fall back into an earlier period in time. That’s apparent from all of the 1940s to early 1960s American cars that populate the main roads and side streets of Havana. They are eye-candy to us but commonplace to Cubans. Blame the U.S. government economic embargo after the 1959 revolution that Fidel Castro led for the time warp. Cuban ingenuity has kept the old vehicles running. This year our group of 23 got to see more of the countryside with bus driver Alexander Turro Lemo and Pereira taking us to Cienfuegos, a 19th century example of early urban planning with French-influenced neoclassical architecture, a departure from Cuba’s Spanish dominance. We went to Trinidad and Valle de los Ingenios, the heart of Cuba’s historical sugar mills, and to Manaca Iznaga, a former sugar plantation. Cuba’s early history mirrors the United States’ with the Europeans exploiting, and then slaughtering, indigenous people whose population fell from 112,000 in the early 1500s when the Spanish first arrived to about 1,500 just 20 years later. Africans were kidnapped and brought to the New World to work as slaves on plantations. Also in Cuba just as in the U.S., Chinese workers were brought in to help build the railroads to get sugar, tobacco and other cash crops to seaport markets. My partner Bette and I climbed a 149-foot tower, with others in our group. It gave overseers the ability to monitor slaves. In Trinidad, Adrian Dopico with the Cuban Institute of Friendship with the Peoples explained that until the revolution Cuba was just as segregated for blacks as the U.S. That’s changed, he said, “but there is still the prejudice mentality.” Nearly everyone we talked with said racism is not a problem in Cuba as in the U.S. In the nearly 2-year-old talks to normalize relations with Cuba, better race relations is something the U.S. could learn from its neighbor south of Florida. On the drive to different places, Pereira pointed out the sugar cane, banana fields and rice paddies. Much of the farm work is still done using horses and manual labor. Many of the crops we’d never see in Missouri, Kansas or other states that people in our group were from. In addition to old autos, the roads had many horse-drawn wagons and people on bicycles. Lemo like other drivers slowed down for them on two-lane highways and waited for the opportunity to safely pass. I told Pereira that such courtesy for people on bicycles occupying the center of the road would be unthinkable in the States. That launched her into an explanation about Cuba’s “special period” in the 1990s. The U.S. embargo, the Helms-Burton Act and the end of the Soviet Union and communist bloc in Europe cut off nearly all imports to Cuba. People couldn’t get enough food, electricity or fuel for vehicles. Bicycles were imported by the thousands for basic transportation in the country. Just like the U.S., Cuba was unaccustomed to anything but motorized vehicles. Bicycles in Cuba — even today — are a painful reminder of devastatingly hard times that hurt the population. What’s viewed as a thing of leisure, a fitness craze or green transportation remains a negative symbol, which Cubans universally hope talks with the U.S. will help them overcome.
What's all this talk about a Mac virus? You've probably had a friend that owns a Window's computer giving you a hard time recently saying "Macintoshes have got viruses now." The virus* being talked about at the moment is called the "Flashback" virus (you can read more about it here). You are at risk from this virus if you're running OSX 10.7 (Lion) and you've installed Java on your Mac, or you're running OSX 10.6 (Snow Leopard) or older (they come with Java already installed) and you've visited some dodgy websites. (Note: Don't confuse Javascript with Java. They're not the same) Well, it's true that a virus has recently infected many hundreds of thousands of Macintosh computers. It's also true that Macintosh computers have suffered from viruses and other "malware" for many years. This time is different in 3 significant ways: 1. A lot more people own Macs now. 2. The popular media have started talking about it (see point 1). 3. In the words of Macworld, "Flashback is the first widespread drive-by malware to attack Macs. This is one of the most pernicious attack techniques, which has long troubled Windows users, and it does represent a major advance." So, do you need to rush out and buy a virus checking program for your Mac now? I don't think so, but that's your call. What you definitely need to do is to run "Software Update..." from the Apple menu on your Mac to update your Apple software. Then you need to make sure your Mac has the latest versions of all the other programs that you use. (In fact, running Software Update will actually remove the "Flashback" virus if your Mac is infected). After you do that my advice is to use common sense: • If your computer is asking for your password and you don't know why, don't enter your password. • If an email that looks like it comes from your bank or other institution asks you to click on a link, don't click on the link (Legitimate emails from banks and super' funds won't ask you to click a link). • If a stranger asks you to give them the keys to your house, don't give them the keys to your house. If you really, really need to install a virus checker (you don't) then try a few of the free ones here or here. They are legitimate virus checkers and will work as well as the "paid" ones. There are viruses out there that will infect your Mac but if you keep your software up to date and use common sense your chance of infection is very low. If you find your Mac running slow or losing files its most likely because: • you've got a lot of programs running at once, • you're trying to work on a really big file (or big photo library) or • you put a file in a different place accidently. (Use Spotlight to find files you've lost) If you think you've got a virus, call Apple if you've bought Applecare or you've bought your Mac in the last 90 days. Otherwise, contact me. • I'm using the word "virus" to describe all the many and varied types of malicious computer software. If you're technically savvy enough to know the difference between viruses and other malware then this blog entry is probably not for you.
Brain Science 2; Or, What Is Huther onto? So what is Huther onto (see previous entry)? In summary: For decades the presumption was that the neuronal pathways and synaptic connections established during the brain’s initial development were immutable. Today we know that the brain is capable throughout our lifetimes of adaptively modifying and reorganizing the connective pathways that it has laid down, and that the development and consolidation of these pathways depends in quite a major way on how we use our brain and what for. So what does this mean in some larger sense. Well, it means the structure of any particular brain….and one can only study particular brains…may well not be the structure of any other brain with the consequence that locating an immutable DNA conditioned structure is difficult, if not down right impossible. Certainly down there somewhere is a structure determined by DNA but “overlaying” that structure are all the structures or networks that arise from the inter-relation of the organism with its environment. Huther writes: A few years ago, no researcher in the field of brain science could have conceived the possibility that what we experience could be capable of changing the structure of the brain in any way. Today most scientists who study the brain are convinced that the experiences of our lives do become structurally anchored in the brain. This notion that experiences themselves can “program” the brain or create structures provides some “scientific” proof for the process of socialization…that sociologists talk so much about. We learn, it might be said, from experience when those experiences create a new structure or reprogram the brain in some way. Consequently, Huther argues that human beings did not develop big brains so that they might think or reason but so that they might become socialized. He writes: “Our brain is thus much more a social organ than it is a thinking organ.” The brain of course is not equally open at all stages of development to being reprogrammed through experience (as the interaction of the organism with it environment). Rather, more like Freud than not, Huther suggests that the most profound and possibly unalterable experiential reprogramming occurs during the first year of life. Reprogramming or possibly first programming at this level is so profound, so obdurate that structures produce by it may appear DNA determined. They are not however and possibly because they are not Huther proposes as a kind of ideal brain one that is not boxed in by its early experiences but capable across the whole life cycle of learning (being reprogrammed by experience). Very few and relatively rare individuals however achieve this brain ideal. Rather, to use Huther’s phrase, most of us develop brains that are in one way or another “one-sided” and relatively unopen to alteration. To address this problem he suggests scientists should expend less energy on asking how the brain is structure and more on how the brain is used, for how we use the brain is what determines whether “…the potentialities built into it can really be fully actualized.” Trial and Error When I shifted this blog to a new site, I also upgraded the blog platform Movable Type. This shift brought with it a whole bunch of stuff I don’t understand. Things with potential I suppose for something, but not if you don’t understand them. So I have been futzing around. In the course of doing so I seriously disabled the blog on two occasions. I noticed that the “archieve path” for the category “entry” was blank. This didn’t seem right since all the other categories under that particular heading had an archive path. So in an attempt to fix the situation I pushed the “refresh templates” button. That had the effect of replacing my newer templates with older ones and wiping out entirely the changes I had made to the blog in the prior three or four days. I almost gave up at that point and said so be it. But I found the energy and the memory, surprisingly, to rebuild what I had previously created. Then, while attempting to make a URL or link between my main blog, this one, and something called an action stream, I noticed that none of the links on the page were working. None of the entry links I mean. Like those you can see to the right. Click on a recent entry and it comes up in its own page. But none of that was working. Though the links to external blogs (Dan’s or Steve’s) were working. But effectively the page was dead. This lead me to my original concern. Why wasn’t there and should there be an “archive path” for the entry category. I went to the entry template and screwed around. Then down below the code itself I something called template options and one of those options had to do with establishing an archive path. I clicked that and bingo the archive path was restored and all the links went back to working. Whatever little I have learned about the more technical (albeit superficially technical) aspects of making web pages or working with a blog I have learned in this way. Old and familiar trial and error. The problem with learning via trial and error is the error part. Errors take up time and on top of that as you try to correct the errors via trial, you can compound the error. But I wonder if that isn’t how most people learn whatever the really learn. But there just isn’t enough time in life to make all the errors. Remodel 10: The Diderot Effect The new housecoat ruined him. The Practice of Missing For some reason, my high school teachers and my coach wouldn’t praise me. They wouldn’t criticize me either. But they felt it was OK to tease me. Well, it was. Teasing for me was water off the duck’s back. In any case, I would rather be teased than not mentioned at all. I remember one season, they had the award ceremonies to give out the letters for that year and they were given out by the Vice-Principal who lived just a little up the hill from us. And rather than praise me for my feats he teased me, saying, that I made a pretty good rooster, since I would wake up the whole neighborhood at six AM shooting baskets, and if there was such a thing as a rooster in reverse, I would make a good one of those too, since people knew when they could no longer hear me shooting that the sun had gone down. I don’t think any of that was true. I would continue to shoot well after the sun had gone down. You didn’t need to be able to see the basket to shoot the ball; you just had to know where you were on the court. I stopped shooting mostly because when it got really dark I was deprived of the pleasure of seeing it go through the hoop. And I don’t think I ever got up at 6 AM to shoot baskets, though some days on the weekends I would start pretty early. And maybe they could hear me a little bit since I had a backboard made out of plywood and it would produce a thunking noise, sort of like a bass drum. But I can’t believe I woke up the whole neighborhood, though, I guess he must have heard something so as to make up this rooster bit. But the point here isn’t that I got a letter or was teased while getting it, but that the Vice Principal knew I practiced day and night. And I did from eight 8th through 12th grade. I practiced whenever I got the chance out back on my dirt court off my plywood backboard. I didn’t have great ability. I didn’t grow as tall as I had hoped I would; I was skinny lacking strength and not that good a jumper. I never dunked the ball. Not because I couldn’t get that high but because I couldn’t palm it. My hand wasn’t big enough. I would get it up there and drop it or bang it off the side of the rim and put myself at risk in doing so. But I figured if I practiced enough I could make the team. And I did and I lettered two years. Practicing is its own art form; and as such, I became a pretty sophisticated practicer. People who are sophisticated practicers know there comes a point when the person devoted to practicing practices missing. This might seem odd. Surely, the point of practicing basketball is to practice making the basket. Why, yes, of course, but the long distance practicer will tell you that sometimes one misses in an interesting way, and one decides to see if one can miss again in that particular way. The very, very sophisticated practicer may do this at any time; in my less sophisticated and less athletic way, I practiced missing mostly when I was tiring. OK, so I was too tired to make it, but in the meantime I could practice missing. Sure the point is to make it go in, but barring that–at least momentarily–one could keep at it and set as one’s goal–making it go exactly where one wanted it to go. Practicing, from the perspective of this particular philosophy of practice, insures that one never actually misses. And that–that–is what keeps you going after the sun goes down. In my readings on the development of the consumer society, I have come across this claim that in the first decades of the twentieth century the “self” constructed by that society changed. In the 19th century, so goes the claim, “character” was cultivated; in the 1920’s however one can begin to see a change towards the cultivation of “personality.” I may be wrong but I think that I did have some exposure to the cultivation of character as late as the 1950’s in the rural South. After all, your average farmer tried to sell his crops, not his personality. Character, of course, was cultivated first though the Bible, but I believe also that it was passed along in short sayings. For example: Waste not, Want Not. A stitch in time, saves nine. A penny saved is a penny earned. Money doesn’t grow on trees. If wishes were horses beggars would ride. A place for everything and everything in its place. Benjamin Franklin—a key figure in Weber’s The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism—cooked up a good number of these sayings (including some of the above); additionally: By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail. God helps those who help themselves. These are fairly mundane sayings, practical in their import. They are also doable by the individual. Take care of the small things—not only because not doing so may lead to disaster—but because these small things are things a person can do. And partly because they are things an individual can do, a person with character might be said to be self-activating. He or she internalizes the rules of character and acts upon them (without reference to how these actions are perceived by others). Driving today, while out shopping, I noticed that I turn on my turn signals, no matter what. I am for example moving from the right lane to the left and though—I notice—there is no one in sight in either direction, I still signal I am moving into the left lane. This might be a sign of character or perhaps of dumb habit. I welcome other sayings. I think I remember Grandmother Tingle saying, "Sweep the corners and the center will take care of itself." Oh, Brother Steve would like to know the names of all our first cousins. Not a small matter. I have a partial list in my head. If any one has a complete list, could you please post it and I will put it in an entry so all can refer to it, as occasion dictates. Wilhelm von Humboldt I was looking for a book on consumer society—to snatch a chapter—because next quarter I will be working with that subject again. I was sure I had this book; I could see it in my mind’s eye but for the life of me not in plain sight. Instead, plucking through books, I pulled out another because reading the book sidewise I could not make out the title. I thought at first that it was one by Helvetius that I had taken from the library, as part of an effort better to understand the origins of sociological thought. I started reading and right off it didn’t sound like that guy but instead something very German. Indeed, turns out I was reading from a collection—in translation—of the works of Wilhelm von Humboldt. I can’t remember why the heck unless I was doing further research into German Transcendental Idealism. I am doing my version of speed reading—by this I mean I read a line here and there and on the basis of other stuff I have read from that period begin to contextualize the thought relative especially to Kant and Rousseau (the twin pillars of German Idealism). And then I come across this line: As we can imagine life neither standing still nor moved by an external mover, so does the whole universe subsist only in urge; nothing lives or exists except insofar as it strives to live or exist. Now I doubt very much that Bob Dylan read Wilhelm von Humboldt, though it is not out of the question that he did, but suddenly this line drew my attention to something I had not quite seen or seen only peripherally in the title of this blog, “And he not busy being born is busy dying.”—taken as I previously noted, I believe, from Dylan’s “It’s Alright, Ma.” I don’t know quite how to put what I previously saw in that line but, taken in the context of the Wilhelm von Humboldt, I feel the emphasis shift to being as the busy-ness to be born. Or following von Humboldt, the line shifts into the assertion: being is becoming or becoming is being. That would appear itself to be a paradox, unless one concludes, as von Humboldt seems to do: that “being” is an activity and not a state of stasis. Funny—von Humboldt thinks of the entire universe, not as a set of pre-existing scientific laws, or something empirical, but as an “urge,” or one might say a feeling. I think in German he may have used the word “Trieb,” which means variously “urge,” “impulse,” “driving force,” or “drive.” Biologists and Philosophers Cousin Lucy, a bit back, wrote me a nice comment saying she thought that I could probably teach biology should I wish and that some of my philosophic musings were above her head. This suggested many potential writing topics—one being an apology for my more philosophic musings, another being what philosophy is for, and what is it about, and finally, biologists and philosophers. I would hazard to say many philosophers have not been good biologists; Aristotle, for example, believed in spontaneous generation—the creation of living tissue from inanimate matter. Spontaneously. But Aristotle was smart and if he had a microscope I am pretty sure he would have corrected this assertion. But biologists too are sometimes not such hot philosophers. James Watson, one of the “discoverers” of the DNA double helix, was kicked out of his job as head of the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory because he appears to have said that Africa is pretty much a lost cause since the people of that continent are genetically inferior when it comes to intelligence. This was pretty stupid comment that only a non-philosopher might make. Some signs of this stupidity, however, appeared a few years back. I read that Watson was trying to find the exact spot in the brain where the “soul” is located or perhaps it was “consciousness.”—I can’t remember exactly which. Now that was a pretty stupid too. I will state here without fear of contradiction that no one will ever locate the spot in the brain where consciousness is located. Or let’s say, consciousness is located in the whole brain. You can test this by hitting a person on the head with a brick thus rendering him or her unconscious. But signs of Watson’s philosophic stupidity appear earlier on, as far back as his book, The Double Helix. There he reports, when he and Crick made their breakthrough, that he exclaimed to Crick, “We have discovered the meaning of life!” I can’t find my copy of the Double Helix. So I am not sure if those are the exact words, but they’re pretty close. I can understand Watson being carried away by the exuberance of his discovery. Still, a philosopher couldn’t have said that. No, Dr. Watson, you did not discover the meaning of life. You discovered how genetic information is passed along from one living organism to another. You discovered “how” something is done, but you discovered nothing at all about why it is done. Since Job at least and before that too, philosophers and theologians have been concerned with “Why?” Only a non-philosopher could have conflated the how question with the why question. Which does not mean philosophers are any good at the how question. In fact they suck. But non-philosophic biologists can tend to be awful literal minded. The Greatest Story Never Told A comment appeared on the last entry from Tom, an old friend of mine from back in high school. He wrote about the relation of the past to the present and future and how as one gets older, while the past does not perhaps dominate one’s thinking, it’s harder as one gets older to think of the future without thinking of the past. He recently sent me an email asking a question about Beowulf, an epic written in old English, that I had to read in college. Recently made into a bad movie by Robert Zemekis (what possessed him I don’t know). I remember not liking Beowulf and wondering why the hell I had to read it. In general, the professors in what was called History of Civilization (western) kept going on and on about the past. I mean, sure, it was a history class, so what else was there to talk about, but they seemed to be making some larger point about the importance of the past to the present. I really didn’t get what they were talking about. Hell, I wanted to know about the present and most especially the future. But they did not seem to have any books to read that were written in the future. The big problem with the future, as I saw it, was that nobody had written it down yet. I remember back then in college wishing I had some access to some future book that might tell me how things were going to turn out. That would have relieved some of my anxiety. But the more I thought about it, the more I thought well, maybe that was not a good idea. Knowing what was going to happen would pretty much take the surprise out of things; and being pretty pessimistic maybe I didn’t want to know either because I was pretty sure things were going to turn out real crappy—this being back when the idea that we were all going to be blown to bits by the A-bomb was still in the air. Which got me to thinking about the movie, Sunshine. I rented it on CD because Jack Tingle who saw it on the big screen said it was a good movie. It was a good space movie. I think I can say without giving away the plot that the sun is going out and these people in a space ship go to the sun to drop a bomb in it to sort of relight it and save the whole human race. But as one might expect all sorts of bad things happen. One guy has to sacrifice his life for the sake of the mission. They show him there all frozen up and dead; and it feels sort of strange because this guy had sacrificed himself for the sake of the mission, and being dead like he was he would never have any idea at all whether the mission had been a success or not. I am not sure the movie was about this point exactly. I am not sure what the movie was about, but at least it was about something. I mention it here to make the point that the future will forever remain the Greatest Story Never Told. Which Comes First: The Egg or the Shell I guess I was falling asleep, taking a nap maybe, and my mind started to roam. That’s a good sign, when the mind starts to roam; that means I am falling asleep. One day my mind started roaming, and I was like the Prince in Cinderella going around with that slipper trying to find the foot that fit it, except I was going around with an eyeball looking for a face that needed one. This should have been easy but it seemed like I found a lot of faces that needed eyeballs. I don’t know what happened because I fell asleep. This time my mind was roaming and for some reason I remembered that Homo sapiens women are born with—or have present at birth—all the eggs, stored in the ovaries I suppose, that they will ever have. And then I wondered if this was also true of chickens, but got all confounded when I realized chicken eggs appear outside of the body of the chicken and the eggs of homo sapiens women do not because they have wombs. So then I wondered how the hell a chicken produces an egg. Maybe a chicken does not have a womb but there must be some place in a chicken where the egg builds up like it does to a full egg size and then pops out. I was amazed that I had never thought of this before in my entire life. I had never given even a single second’s thought to this issue of chicken anatomy. I have long felt the egg itself to be kind of miracle of food packaging. Here there is this neat, white (or some other color) sort of oval shaped thing with food right inside it. True, the oval shape makes for an unstable object. Square eggs would be better for the purposes of shipping since they could be stacked next to each other more efficiently than is now the case, but that might be a real pain for the chicken. Out the window went my nap! My mind was no longer roaming. I consternated myself by suddenly realizing that I had never adequately reflected on the origin of an egg. So I went and looked it up on the web. Turns out—and I had never thought of this either!—that the egg shell while feeling hard to the touch is actually at the microscopic level a permeable membrane. Well, naturally, of course…the egg needs oxygen and were the shell not permeable the little chicken inside would die. That would be pretty much a self-defeating egg, one without a permeable shell. I could have concluded that pretty much deductively since growing things do need oxygen. But as I said I hadn’t ever given it a single thought. Then I found out that the chicken does not create the shell; the egg does. The egg or oven generates the genetic information necessary to build up the shell around itself; otherwise it could not develop, lacking a womb in which to do so. So the ovum builds its own womb so to speak. I still cannot conclusively answer the question: which came first the chicken or the egg. Actually I hate chicken egg questions, like the nature-nurture questions, as being mostly a waste of time, fit material for philosophic pedants, I suppose. This I call bad philosophy. But I think I can now say conclusively that the ovum comes before the shell and the chicken with the ovum inside of it comes before the ovum, and in this way I can conclude that the chicken does come before the egg in the case of any particular chicken or egg. But the chicken egg question—as a philosophic matter—is not about any particular chicken or egg that ever existed or ever will. So there went my nap. Perceiving, Knowing, Creating. Still mulling Winnicott’s contention that one, while being careful not to locate a clock where one is not, creates one’s perception of a clock through conception and apperception. No, that’s not quite correct. Or maybe it is. In any case, I have been looking for an example and think I have found one in the DNA issue. Watson and Crick are credited with having “discovered” the structure of DNA: the double helix. The word “discovery” implies that the structure was already there—pre-existing Watson and Crick—to be discovered via perception. But I think there’s a prior problem; one may perceive but not “know” what one perceives. Why and how did Watson and Crick know what they were discovering? Well, more or less digressively, they did not come to know it through the so called scientific method. Rather, their piece in Nature with the picture of the double helix was a piece of rampant speculation arrived at, not my testing, hypothesis and so on, but by a synthesis of things previously known. More specifically Watson, in The Double Helix, acknowledges the contributions of A) Erwin Chargaff. He found out that the DNA in any cell has a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases and, more specifically, that the amount of guanine is equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine is equal to thymine. B) the work of Linus Pauling on amino acids (proteins), his discover of the function of the double helix in the structure of amino acids and by way of method his use of models to demonstrate the structures of amino acids. And C) and most importantly, I think, the x-ray work of Rosalind Franklin. Watson nearly pissed his pants when he saw one of Franklin’s x-rays. This very one I think: Franklin, however, for her own reasons I suppose did not see this as a picture of a double helix. Clearly she perceived the structure in this x-ray. But she did not know it. Watson and Crick knew it because, following Winnicott’s strange claim, they brought to it conceptions, models, speculations, and imagination. These led them to create what was already there: the structure of DNA. So what’s the point? Not much. Except that what we know about a perception is not the same thing as the perception. Most of the time of course we do not create what we know. Rather we have been socialized into knowing what we perceive. A long schooling has taught me that a green light means I can go. Creation, per se, is not perception, nor is it simply knowing what is perceived, but seeing or knowing something new about what is perceived.
Trees of the Park Pinus Sylvestris is an evergreen coniferous tree growing up to 35 metres in height and 1 metre trunk diameter when mature. Quercus Ilex is a medium sized tree 20-22 metres with finely square—fishered blackish bark and leathery evergreen leaves, also known as the Holly Oak Betula Pendula is a medium sized deciduous tree, typically reaching 15-25 metres tall. The bark is white often with black diamond shape marks and has a crown of arched branches with dropping branchlets. Crataejus are small shrubs or trees mostly growing between 5 and 20 metres tall with small pome fruit and thorny branches. These trees are most recommended for water conservation landscapes. Ulmus Minor Var, once common around the rich farm soils of middle England, the Elm was ravaged in the late 20th century, by Dutch Elm Disease. Despite its name, The English Elm, there is still debate over whether this tree is a native species or was brought here by bronze age farmers. The Holly is a genus of 400/600 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae and the only living plant of that family. This species are evergreen and deciduous trees, shrubs and climbers from the tropics to temperate zones worldwide. Quercus Robur is a deciduous tree with flowering taking place in mid spring and the fruit, called acorns, ripen by the following autumn. The Oak is native to most of Europe and also parts of North America. It’s a member of the white oak section. Tilia is a genus of about thirty species of tree native throughout most of the northern hemisphere. They are generally called Lime in Britain and are large desiduous trees reaching typically between 20 to 40 metres tall. Acer Pseudoplatanus is known as the Great Maple, the Plain Maple (Scotland), but the generic name is Sycamore. It is a broad leafed plant with deciduous leaves. It tolerates a wide range of conditions including urban and coastal environments. Fagus Sylvatica also known as the Beech is often seen as a feminine tree and particularly elegant examples may earn the name Queen Beech. It grows best on acid soils, but does well on poor sandy shallow and chalky soils.
MGT 350 MGT350 Answers Of Multiple Choice Questions - E X A M Solution (A+ Study Guide) 1) Bill Simmons is the manager of a small restaurant and must decide how much money he owes his suppliers. The best way for Bill to approach this as a critical thinker is to 2) Critical thinking is very important in making decisions that impact an organization’s growth and survival. Which of the following traits of a critical thinker is essential in this process? 3) When faced with a decision opportunity, a critical thinker must sort through a variety of readily apparent symptoms in order to focus on important considerations that may be hidden. Based on the decision steps model, when framing a problem a helpful step is to 4) In the stages of development of critical thinking, which of the following types of thinking entails exploring the foundation of our thinking and discover how we have come to think and believe we do? 5) One way for a leader to develop alternative perspectives for decision making is to: 6) The outcome of the process of framing the problem includes: 7) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded, persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader would: 8) Of the decision styles listed below, which one should be used for a non-urgent, yet critical and unusual problem affecting multiple stakeholders? 9) Urgent crisis conditions might call for a decision making style that is 10) A manager may properly choose to ignore a problem 11) ____________ is based on the concept that 80% of a project’s goal can be achieved by doing 20% of the work or that 80% of the problems are due to 20% of causes. 12) For urgent decisions, which approach may be the most efficient and effective use of the manager’s time when there are other critical competing priorities? 13) Upon review of the customer comment cards dropped in the box in his convenience store, Bob sees that 61% of the customers filling out a card have expressed dissatisfaction with waiting times. Bob decides to add an additional cashier during the day. Bob is using the ______ thinking style in order to make this decision. 14) In nearly all decision-making models, which of the following is an essential step in the decision-making process? 15) You have been assigned to a project team to develop a marketing plan a new product being launched by your company. Which of the following should the project team do first? 16) Jan has been selected to implement her company’s decision to expand her company’s manufacturing operation into a new location. Six months into this project, the building has been completed, and machinery installed. However, Jan has been unable to secure enough applicants with the technical skills needed to operate this computerized facility. Jan’s implementation plan was most deficient in its consideration of 17) In response to declining profits, a company decides that it needs to become world class, but is having difficulty developing an implementation plan around the goal of “becoming world class.” Rather than implement this decision, the company would be well advised to return to the ______ step of decision making. 18) Which factor would be most critical in decision implementation? 19) Freda is analyzing the prospects for a new gambling casino that her company is considering. In the course of her analysis, Freda has identified potential stakeholder resistance to this venture, in that she has discovered that the area is very densely populated with houses of worship. She has also discovered a potential source of support for this venture, in that the local government has established tax credits for new businesses in an effort to stimulate employment. Freda is, in all likelihood, developing a 20) When implementing a decision, a company must ensure that its actions remain consistent with its 21) Which decision making tool would be used in identifying possible causes for a problem? 22) Markus worked last summer as a receptionist in a lawyer's office. During a discussion with you, he commented that he was asked to tell callers that the lawyer was in court when in fact the lawyer was playing golf! He eventually quit the job because he believes that under no circumstance is it permissible to tell a lie. Markus appears to be following the ethical system referred to as a 23) A company applying a ______ view of ethics would probably find fewer impediments to decisions involving cross cultural factors than one applying a ______ view. 24) In a global economy, which of the following must a manager consider in ensuring the ethicality of his or her decision? 25) A tool that is helpful in monitoring, evaluating, and changing a decision as needed during implementation is the 26) A measurement that identifies the degree to which goals and objectives are attained is a measure of: 27) In order to apply continuous improvement in decision making, a company should take the time to record not only the results of its decisions, but also the 28) A company has decided to fund a summer basketball league for young people in the community. The decision will result in increased expenditures with no increase in revenues or profits. In evaluating this decision outcome, the officers of the company must weigh both its ______ responsibility and its ______ responsibility, two components of corporate social responsibility. 29) As noted in our texts, a key measurement of our decisions is: “Are they ethical?” In order to achieve a superior level of ethical behavior in its decision making processes, leaders should instill a(n) ______ in those charged with making decisions. 30) When evaluating the decision processes in an organization, leaders should consider doing which of the following? • Item #: 041 MGT 350 Final Exam Solutions Price: $15.00 * Marked fields are required. Qty: * Reviews (0) Write a Review No Reviews. Write a Review
Humanitarian victory July 19,2017 SS Meredith Victory was a cargo freighter that carried 14,000 refugees, including the parents of President Moon Jae-in, from Heungnam harbor in North Korea to Geoje Island in South Korea during the 1950-53 Korean War. One of the key reasons that the United States won World War II was material superiority. Sherman tanks, the main armored vehicle of the U.S. Forces, was not on par with German Panther or Tiger tanks, but by deploying five to ten tanks for every enemy tank, the United States defeated the Germans. To wage a material war, the military supply and logistics need to be solid. The Atlantic Ocean was swarming with German U-Boats targeting Allied supply ships. The United States addressed the risk with sheer volume. It made more ships than Germany could attack. The mass-produced ships used a standardized design known as the Liberty Ship, a model that holds 10,800 tons of cargo and sails at 11 knots, and in four years, staring in September 1941, a total of 2,710 units were made. The United States constructed two ships a day. The Victory is an improved version of the Liberty and can take more cargo and sail faster. From January 1944 to the end of the war, 534 ships were constructed and operated as the main supply ship for the U.S. Forces from World War II into the Vietnam War. The first 35 are named after countries in the Allied Forces. The next 218 are named after American cities. The remaining are named after higher education institutes in the United States. The SS Meredith Victory and Lane Victory, cargo freighters that rescued refugees, including President Moon Jae-in’s parents, from Heungnam during the Korean War, are named after Meredith College in North Carolina and Lane College in Tennessee. In all, 36 Victory ships participated in the Korean War. The SS Meredith Victory is sometimes called the “Ship of Miracles,” as it evacuated 14,000 refugees even though the ship is designed to carry 12 passengers and 47 crew members. There are now only three Victory ships remaining. Many were sold to the private sector and used as cargo ships before being taken apart. The SS Meredith was sold to China for scrap metal in 1993. Fortunately, the Lane is preserved in a Los Angeles history museum. Geoje-si in South Gyeongsang province hopes to acquire the ship for several years as part of a memorial project commemorating the Heungnam evacuation. A civilian organization is going to work to bring the SS Lane to Korea. It won’t be easy, as the SS Lane Victory is one of only about 2,500 U.S. National Historic Landmarks. But it’s worth the work since this ship, revered by both Korea and the United States, is a deserving symbol of the power of humanitarianism. JoongAng Ilbo, July 18, Page 31 *The author is an editorial writer of the JoongAng Ilbo. dictionary dictionary \| 프린트 메일로보내기 내블로그에 저장
There are over 300 species of termite in Australia, with the vast majority of termite damage caused by Subterranean (underground) termites. Termites have been known to feed on many materials including plastics, rubber, fibreglass and of course wood. They attack house frames, wall linings including plaster board, cupboards, skirtings, windows and frames, carpets, plastic coating on electrical wiring and even books, artwork, clothing and personal papers. Termites have a voracious appetite and have a highly organised colony dedicated to a life of seeking a source of food and then consuming that food. Termites are, in their own way, quite clever in the way they consume this food. They have a strong aversion to sunlight and prefer humid environments and will typically eat wood, for example, from the inside leaving the outside shell to keep them in their preferred darkness in a moist surround. By their foraging underground, this desire for darkness is satiated and it also means they can travel swiftly, silently and undetected to their next source of food. Subterranean termites are also commonly known in Australia as white ants but in fact termites are not related to the ant at all, they are related to the cockroach family. Termites play an important role in nature’s environment in that they recycle rotten timber in forests and return valuable nutrients to the soil, but as forests and wooded areas have cleared, termites have found a new food source . . . our homes! Once in our homes we classify them as pests. Termites cause approximately 1 billion dollars of damage to timber each year in Australia and so the importance of having a proven termite detection system for your home, and then a termite treatment if termites are found, is crucial. Photo showing various types of termites in a colony Photo showing various types of termites in a colony Termites are social insects with a colony being made up of a queen and her workers, soldiers and reproductives. The workers termites are the ones that cause all the damage. They are basically blind and sterile. They do all the foraging for food, build the nest and feed all the other members of the colony. When termites want or need to venture out of the timber or travel across a surface to reach timber they construct mud like tunnels which are made from faeces and saliva. These mud-like tunnels also serve the purpose of protecting from predators. Soldier termites also play their part in protecting worker termites from predators. The queen can live up to 50 years in ideal conditions and can lay up to 30,000 eggs per day which can equate to 165 million eggs in her lifetime! Here’s a very informative video from National Geographic about the termite queen: Termites can and will travel long distances from the colony to find food. They may forage 50-100 metres from the nest. They will find numerous ways into a building, be it from under the floor, cracks in concrete, plumbing, penetrating up the cavity wall etc. As a homeowner there are many things we can do as part of an integrated management approach to reduce the risk of termite attack. These include removing all loose timbers, fixing leaking taps and adequate ventilation to sub floors.
Previous Goal Previous Goal Global Goals 16/17 16.1. Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere 16.1.1. Number of victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 population, by sex and age 16.1.2. Conflict-related deaths per 100,000 population, by sex, age and cause 16.1.3. Proportion of population subjected to physical, psychological or sexual violence in the previous 12 months 16.1.4. Proportion of population that feel safe walking alone around the area they live 16.2.2. Number of victims of human trafficking per 100,000 population, by sex, age and form of exploitation 16.2.3. Proportion of young women and men aged 18-29 years who experienced sexual violence by age 18 16.3.2. Unsentenced detainees as a proportion of overall prison population 16.4.1. Total value of inward and outward illicit financial flows (in current United States dollars) 16.5. Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms 16.6. Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels 16.6.2. Proportion of the population satisfied with their last experience of public services 16.7. Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decisionmaking at all levels 16.8. Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governance 16.8.1. Proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations 16.9. By 2030, provide legal identity for all, including birth registration 16.9.1. Proportion of children under 5 years of age whose births have been registered with a civil authority, by age 16.10. 16.10Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements 16.10.2. Number of countries that adopt and implement constitutional, statutory and/or policy guarantees for public access to information 16.a.1. Existence of independent national human rights institutions in compliance with the Paris Principles 16.b.1. Proportion of population reporting having personally felt discriminated against or harassed in the previous 12 months on the basis of a ground of discrimination prohibited under international human rights law
Ghosts, by Rob S. Rice Ghosts all around us, of great and small men, Waltzing, or whispering, 'Do you think of when...?' Ghosts of brave women, plain women, or fair. We come from the past, there are ghosts everywhere. Men died for that bridge there, and watch us drive by, And drowned when that dam burst, and not knowing why, And women were killed when their horses went wild, Or died in old age, or in birthing a child. The heroes lived once, though the memories fade, The roar of the cannon, the bursting grenade, The bark of the mortar, the kick of the gun, And blood long since dried, but their duty, still done. Lincoln walks somewhere, perhaps wrings his hands, Yet Washington knows that the Union still stands. And Grant lies neglected, but untouched by scorn, And Truman, and Arthur, with few left to mourn. There were Whitney's muskets, and Edison's sweat, Two brothers from Dayton, success, and regret, And Ericsson's iron, and his iron will, And legions of workers, and more legions still. The steel mills lie empty, the shipyards are gone, Canals are filled in, but the country lives on. Machines have gone silent, but still, in the fields, The reaper takes in what Grandfather's farm yields. Ghosts wander old mineshafts, or empty rail beds, Their homes and their garments now, not even threads, Yet trains still move freight, and the cities still grow, And no one alive can know what the dead know. I think of the heroes, the hungry, the liars... Those voices, long-stilled, form insistent, soft choirs. We walk on their lives, hollow steps on the planks, I hear them, and, silently, pause to breathe 'Thanks.'
Why its important to visit your Dentist regularly Remember to visit your dentist regularly and follow these six simple steps to prevent any serious problems developing in the future; • Brush your teeth last thing at night and at least one other time during the day for two minutes, with a fluoride toothpaste. • Clean between your teeth at least once a day with inter-dental brushes or dental floss. • Chew sugar-free gum to protect your teeth and gums in between meals when it may not be possible to brush with a toothbrush and a fluoride toothpaste. • Wait an hour after eating or drinking anything acidic before brushing your teeth so your saliva can help your enamel to ‘re-mineralise’ and harden again.
Mining Eglinton Crosstown stations means less disruption Three of the underground stations along Eglinton Avenue are being excavated below the surface While there is plenty of construction going on above ground to build the Eglinton Crosstown LRT right now, there is actually much more happening below the surface that you don’t see. At three of the 15 underground stations currently being built, the method of construction being used is “mining.” Rather than dig through the road and create even more disruption, crews are actually digging underneath to keep everything moving. Around-the-clock mining is needed at the future Oakwood, Avenue and Laird station locations but the benefits outweigh other methods of construction: • Fewer disruptions when you drive or walk • Less likelihood that resident and business access will be blocked • Lower risk of environmental hazards So how does mining work? The earth is protected and stabilized, along with structures that surround the site. Wells are installed to keep water from seeping in, along with a pipe roof to keep the soil in place. As each section is excavated, the walls and ceiling are sprayed with concrete and pipe roof is installed. That creates the underground cavern that will house the station platform and concourse. Finally, the station platform is built along with the concourse and entrances. For more information, visit
Abstract— When we are stressed small altercations can escalate to a full blown out aggression Abstract— When we are stressed small altercations can escalate to a full blown out aggression. The best way to prevent negative emotions from escalating is to detect them at the earliest and deescalate the tension immediately. With the recent advancement in multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, a surveillance system can be trained to detect the traits of aggression and help to stop it when it is happening. However even though in tests a system can perform reasonable but the limitation on the situations the system can be trained on create a major hurdle in its suitability for real life deployments. 1 tries to achieve this by training a system on different context, it devices various scenarios and uses audio-video recordings to capture audio and video data. The system could only be trained based on data sets obtained by enacting real like scenes where there is a most likeliness of aggression, due to the ethical and privacy issues that recording real aggressive situations may raise. The system is trained and cross-validated on these contexts to try to make it as diverse and capable as possible. The experiments were made using audio, video and audio-video combined features to see which would produce best results for a real-life system. It was found that combination of multiple contexts for training did not provide the expected results and training on a single context performed better and that audio-video features performed like the one of audio alone. Keywords—component, formatting, style, styling, insert (key words) The focus of this paper is on recognizing negative human-human interactions from the perspective of video surveillance. It is of very important to identify such situations and implement means to de-escalate it before it leads to violence. Often the paths of such escalation starts with negative emotions and stressful behaviors accompanied by different levels of verbal and non-verbal behavior characteristics. Detecting negative interactions has a wide range of applications in where people are provided public services that has a lot of human-human interactions. Some examples would be service desks, call centres, hospitals/clinics, group meetings, discussion forums and general public surveillance. It can also be applied in the field of virtual reality anger therapy systems to calm down people in the even of provoking or negative situations and provide them timely feedback on how to control themselves. Training materials and real-life situations are usually very complex and diverse. Only a subset of real-life scenarios could be usually captured while developing training set. Hence it is only possible to train the system for a limited set of possible situations. The effect of this is that the model will not be able to generalize well. Studies have been done on cross-corpus video-based action emotion detection. It is observed that intra-corpus recognition accuracies are superior to cross-compared accuracies. Behaviour interpretations cannot be a fixed one. It varies according to the context. Thus is it is important to study more on context-based interactions. Studies have been progressing based on context-sensitive systems. The factor that should be noted is that the more wide the context could vary, the more it would limit generalization. The behaviors human exhibits in different contexts are diverse and complex to predict. An argument could occur anywhere when two human beings interact. Possibility of conflict of interests is a basic phenomenon across everyone. Hence negative interactions may occur anywhere in a public place for example at a service desk, or public vending machine. Expected behaviors, likely sources of conflict, length of the interaction, expected movements, number of people in the scene are some of the traits that vary across contexts. Traits like language, noise levels, room acoustics will vary in the case of audio analysis.. Traits like lighting conditions, angle of view, blockage of view could vary in the case of visual analysis. But the major challenge here is the complexity and diversity in human behavior which makes is highly difficult to understand the context. It gets tougher when there is high emotional content as it would lead to more data sparsity. This work is focussed on finding answers to the following questions: (1) when a trained system is exposed to new context, how will it perform?, (2) which is the model showing best modality when context is changed?, (3) Is it possible to obtain better results when data is merged from multiple context, if not what is the performance loss? The aim in this paper is to come up with quantified performance measures for negative interactions between humans in different contexts. A service desk, a vending machine, in front of lockers and a cafeteria are selected as contexts in this work. Audio-visual recordings are made in each contexts. The scenarios are designed such that it leads to a negative interaction between the participants in the conversation. The participants are assigned role and they are made to interact with each other for a short period of time. The situation is not scripted. They will speak impromptu thereby getting close to real-world situation. The conversation would be in such a manner that they would escalate naturally depending on the reaction by the participants. The audio-visual data recorded will be used to find out if there is an escalation is occurred or not. Non-verbal behaviors on the data will be used to identify the occurrence of negative interaction. During such an escalation it is expected that people would use agitated expressions, strong and rapidly changing body language, tense actions etc. These could be identified from the visuals. For audio too, we will be focussing on non verbal characteristics rather than verbal ones. The non verbal characteristics in audio would be change in pitch, voice quality and intensity. These non verbal cues are used to identify the occurrence of a negative interaction between people. The audio and video features are combinedly used to analyze modulations. So it expected that the system will be able to generalize better than the case where just action recognition is done to identify negative interaction. Such a multi modal aspect would add more depth in understanding the nature of situation. The performance of the system was analyzed for the selected audio-visual features and also audio and video features separately to find out which modality works best to identify negative situation. The features are analyzed in intra context and cross-context schemes. The experiments are carried out to find out if merging of different contexts together would give a better system that could generalize well. So, the data from different intra-context systems are merged together and from three training contexts and then tested on the merged one with cross-context audio-visual features. The paper would cover the details on how the data is collected. The data content, procedure and annotations used will be described in the Section 2. Section 4 would describe the experimental setup along with audio video features and how they are classified. Finally, the results are discussed in section 5 and concluded in section 6. To be able to properly recognize the aggression trains and deescalate it we need to target specific set of datasets which will help us develop a system that can have a very high degree of recognition and be as realistic as possible so that it can generalize based on the learnt behavior and improve further and predict intelligently out of the box. One major problem with collecting the data is the ethical dilemma of using actual data of escalation versus that collected from an acted situation. We can do this by creating a real like scenario where actors are used to pretend to be in a certain situation and say things with acted emotions. The problem that real human emotions are similar but very different and sporadic and thus it is possible that actors will exaggerate or underrate a situation as from a real aggression since it’s all part of a script and the actors know the result. Some times in real life cases an act of aggression can start out of no where for example, when a person greets a very busy salesperson in a supermarket and request a specific information and the salesperson due to the number of other people requesting similar services and also his personal stress etc. ignores them, a short tampered individual can easily start an act of aggression simply because they felt ignored. Real human emotions are therefore rare sometimes unpredictable and maybe determined by many factors such as the physiological status of an individual their emotional and stress level etc. The best data can be collected by recording real negative emotions, but those would need to be done in an uncontrolled environment and would be stepping on the boundaries of the law, they will raise ethical issues making it very challenging and controversial. We can try to achieve a balance between the advantages and disadvantages of acted and real-life recordings by using a middle route as that achieved from the IEMOCAP dataset 1 to be able to create a system that is more suitable for a general application. A. Content and recording Protocol To get the relevant datasets the paper tries to create for scenarios where there is the most likeliness of an aggression occurring. There is a very high possibility of some aggression occurring at a service desk when tempers are running high, at a vending machine when an individual is not satisfied, a cafeteria where customers’ expectations are not met or at a locker when someone tries to gain unauthorized access. Therefor the paper uses actors to simulate these scenarios and create the situation that will generate negative interactions. The setup consisted of a group of about 9 professional actors all from a multicultural background out of whom 4 were male and five were females 1. They were all given specific roles they needed to enact based on the four mentioned scenarios 1. The actors were provided with a brief idea of what the cause of the conflict would have been and their role in the specific scenario to try to make it as natural as possible without any script. The actors were given the freedom to react to the scenario as they deemed suitable ie how they may normally react if they were faced with that situation without any specific restraints so that we had an as near real experience recorded for data collection as possible. Most of the time the interactions were between two people, but in some of the scenarios it was between up to five people, of whom some spoke Dutch and some English. The language spoken was based on the preferences of the actors. The entire interaction was recorded using two High Definition cameras from multiple angles (mostly two, due to certain constraints of resources) and used for the proposed study. The actors voice was recorded using mics they wore clipped to their dress to have the best audio input as well 1. i. Service-desk (SD) The first scenario that was enacted was the service desk, the actors we divided into employees and customers requiring services of the employees and were required to play their roles using just a brief description of their role and scenario. The actors had to enact four scenarios, in the first scenario a visitor has a meeting and requires the assistance of an employee however the employee due to some reasons was being very slow in providing the visitor the service he required. In the second scenario a visitor tries to find a location on a map, when he can’t locate it he requests an employee to take him to the location but the employee refuses. In the third scenario, an employee is going for lunch when a visitor approaches him for assistance, and the employee refuses to help since he is on break. Finally, people want to access the service desk for assistance but an employee who is on the phone is blocking them from accessing the service desk. Each of these scenarios were enacted twice to get more diverse data set and a more generalized result. ii. Lockers (LK) In the Locker scenario, someone is trying to gain unauthorized access to a locker and trying multiple times to pin in the code by pretending to have forgotten his code or that the code does not work, when an employee comes over and notices something suspicious and confronts the individual, as expected tempers flare up and escalate. This scenario was recorded a total of two times for a more diverse dataset. iii. Vending machine (VM) In this scenario, an actor plays the role of someone trying to buy an item from a vending machine, makes the payment but for some reason the product dos not fall for him to pick. The customer is visibly angry and irritated when an employee passes by and enquires what the issue was, and on not getting prompt help tempers flare up , this scenario was repeated and recorded four time with various actors. iv. Cafeteria (CF) Finally in this scenario, customers at a cafeteria encounter issues such as when one of them tries to make a payment by cash the employee of the cafeteria refuses to accept card and demands payment by card, this leads to a confrontation, in a second instance a customer who is slow tries to make payment with his card but the process takes longer than should while a queue is building up behind him and other customers are becoming frustrated by the unnecessary wait. These scenarios are recorded in a total of four times. Even though the selected scenarios may not give the exact real-life results since conflicts situations may vary based on several factors such as the individuals involved. For example, some people are more patient that others while some would be more willing to compromise than others to avoid an escalation, but the problem of recording real life interactions that result in aggression is very challenging and will raise serious ethical and privacy issues. Therefore, these selected scenarios will give a high degree of accurate outcomes while avoiding the ethical and privacy concerns. B. Annotations The contexts which were used in the experiment were selected from the various situations such as at the service desk, the locker, vending machine and the cafeteria, as mentioned above in which tempers flared up and an aggressive situation arose. In the experiment carried out in 1, the scene was scaled based on the stress level in the entire scene on a scale of 1 to 5. A stress level of 1 meant the scenario was not stressful, while a stress level of a 2 or 3 meant the stress level in the scenes was moderate and finally a stress lever of 4 or 5 meant it was a very stressful situation that lead to an act of aggression. The stress level was determined from the recordings which included both audio and video data of the entire scenes enacted above, and the Krippendorff’s alpha was measured at 0.71 1. A. Segmentation The aim is to work on unbalanced data so that it lies close to real world occurrence of events. The frequency of negative interactions are relatively low in most of the cases. Hence such data is kept sparsest. We can not know before when the negative interaction is likely to occur so that is the assumption ins the experiment. We analyze equal lengths of segments name 2 seconds for the presence of any utterances. If multiple utterances are spanned by a single segment, then it will be labelled as the segment covering the maximum length within that 2 seconds. In the experiment there are 971 recordings representing the training data obtained from service desk recordings. There are 267 recordings in lockers, 340 in cafeteria and 472 recordings in lockers. So, in total we have 2005 samples. B. Acoustic features extraction Acoustic features in the samples are used to identify what kind of interaction is happening in the conversation. They are used to identify the connection between negative emotions, stress and aggression. Suprasegmental traits of emotion are explored using popular speech recognition approaches. It makes use of statistical functionals in individual features in frames and then applying regression/classification on the feature sets. Low order moments or extrema to the frame level are the set of descriptive statistical functionals used to explore suprasegmental traits. Another popular method to generate feature set would be to use brute-force approach which could generate upto 50000 features. We have to implement feature selection because it will help in reducing the high dimensionality. But a limitation here would be the dependency on the corpus that is chosen. A feature that had stable performance in a similar cross-corpus study for negative interaction has been chosen because the work is aimed at a small and generic feature set. To extract the features, the software tool Praat has ben implemented. As described earlier our interest has been identifying features such as speech length (without pauses), mean deviation, mean slope with and without octave jumps and range of pitch in the audio, mean, max, slope, standard deviation, range of intensity, harmonics to noise ratio (HNR), centre of gravity and spectrum of skewness, average slope of spectrum scope, mean and bandwidth if first fout formants(F1-F4), shimmer, high frequency energy (HF500) (HF1000) and jitter. C. Video features extraction The work is aimed at obtaining low-level video features that are good enough to distinguish between normal situations and stressful or negative situations. A high quality video feature analysis is not done. Facial expression recognition is currently not implemented but is it definitely a possibility for extended improvement in performance. Cleary visible changes, actions, vigorous actions or spatial changes like how sudden people are moving are considered to be a key factor that will help to identify a negative situation or presence of aggression. Motion of objects can be considered as the most relevant feature to identify stressful situation. A space-time interest points (STIP) representation of video segments are used in this work to identify features. The segments are scenes involving motion. These features are then used to identify actions. Degrees of stress and aggression were obtained successfully using STIP. Multiple spatio-temporal scales are taken then space-time interest points are calculated for these scales. Two types of descriptors namely histograms of oriented gradient (HOG) and histograms of optical flow (HOF). Histograms of oriented gradients will help to capture appearance whereas histograms of optical flow will help to capture movement. For each patches corresponding to each space-time interest points, HOGs and HOFs are computed. The bag-of-words approach described in is applied on these descriptors. Using random forest using with 30 trees and 32 nodes, specialized codebooks were computed in a supervised way. K-means can also be applied here to compute the feature vectors. Later, correlation based feature subset selection was implemented to reduce resulting feature. The experiment setup is explained in this section. The approach used for classification, audio video features and statistical over sampling methods adopted are explained. A. Experiment setup This work is aimed at analyzing the performance of the system in cross-context scenario and finding out means to improve its performance. We are trying to find out if training on the combination of multiple context will help to detect negative interactions. We are also interested in finding out the modality that shows maximum robustness. Firstly, the test dataset is kept fixed and trained on that and other contexts. They are then merged together and then trained again. 5-fold cross-validation is implemented to check intra-corpus performance for comparison. These experiments are performed on audio features, video features and feature level fusion which is clubbing together of audio and visual features together for classification. Random forest classifiers having 100 trees is used in classification. It is applied as in Weka. For each feature type, the audio and the video features are normalized per corpus to zero mean and unit standard deviation. This is done considering the inter-corpus variation. The unweighted average accuracy is evaluation measure across all the cases. B. Statistical oversampling The major challenge is in getting good results from classifiers due to unbalanced data. One approach could be to do the classification once and then finding out under-sampled class. Re-sampling could be done on the under-sampled class to achieve more balance. Statistical minority oversampling (SMOTE) is used in the experiment. In this method noise is added to the data to generate new artificial samples of minority classes. SMOTE is applied only on the training set. The percentage of new data will be a parameter. The value for this parameter has to be set. Statistical oversampling with a precomputed parameter to even out the distributions for the two least represented classes is applied on the initial label of distribution of training data. The system was trained using the collected data from all the four contexts that lead to aggression discussed above and cross validates as well. Even though we would expect the system to perform better when it was trained on all the four contexts, but the results in 1 show that the system performed best when it was trained using a single context as opposed to combining all the four contexts especially the Vending Machine context. It was also observed that the system was able to better detect aggression as desired when relying on audio features as opposed to when using videos features. And when both the audio and video features were combined the result was not very different from when the system was using just the audio features in either of the training and cross validations. Figure x: System tested and trained on all four contexts (Service Desk (SD), Vending Machine(VM), Locker(LK) and Cafeteria(CF). The green line corresponds to Audio feature(A), while the blue line corresponds to Video feature(V) and yellow corresponds to Audio-Visual (AV) feature combined. The most likely reason the system performed better when using audio versus video is due to the complexity of visible human behavior and the fact that it has a much wider range compared to the audible behavior. This could be seen more clearly if we look at the various scenarios used to generate the visual datasets, for example at the service desk since based on the circumstances there would be lots of complaining and explaining so it would most likely involve lots of hand gestures, looking worried and anxious and other gestures that are peculiar to someone in a hurry, while in a cafeteria the video dataset would contain lots of motion since there are a lot of people and are walking and moving etc. In the vending machine the visual data would include actions such as the individual hitting the machine take force it to drop his purchase etc. while in the case of the locker it would be an individual acting sneaky trying to avoid appearing suspicious. This system performed satisfactorily when tested under the provided circumstances and has the potential to be deployed in a real situation. However there are some challenges that may still need to be handled in a real deployment of the system, for example in a real cafeteria where there could be lots of people the audio and video system would be challenged as it would need to capture entire audio and video action of several people and zero into the one that is pointing towards an aggression by filtering out other information. While the vending machine scenario which may involve vandalism would have sharp and quick movements and based on the kind of environment there will be variation in the audio characteristics as well which the system would need to have the capacity and processing power to handle. The recording would need to be done with a very powerful device and probably need to be able to perform intelligent close view analysis of the individual to get the best input/output as well which is not always possible
Isaiah 40:22 - Circle of the earth Bill Ross BillRoss at Thu Jul 18 10:19:01 EDT 2002 >>How is the expression "circle of the earth" to be viewed based on the the original Hebrew word "chuwg" as found at Isaiah 40:22 First, a general comment. I find the 2 volume Thelogical Dictionary of OT, Moody Press, a handy text for this kind of research. Others can probably recommend others. A second general comment: Any time you see the word "earth" you have to realize that it is ERETZ, which does double duty as meaning "earth" or "land." As "land" it also does double duty as either "the dry land" or "the land of Palestine." If memory serves (big if) the word came into being from the concrete image of a pile of dirt - which of course, tends to make a circle. So, with that background, you might want to read it in different ways. Perhapss as envisioning a geography of a tektonic plates approximating a circle, floating on the waters... Bill Ross BillRoss at More information about the b-hebrew mailing list
‘Plasmonic’ material could bring ultrafast all-optical communications Researchers have created a new “plasmonic oxide material” that could make possible devices for optical communications that are at least 10 times faster than conventional technologies. “We can engineer the film to provide either a decrease or an increase in reflection, whatever is needed for the particular application,” said Kinsey, working with a team of researchers led by Alexandra Boltasseva, an associate professor of electrical and computer engineering, and Vladimir M. Shalaev, scientific director of nanophotonics at Purdue’s Birck Nanotechnology Center and a distinguished professor of electrical and computer engineering. “You can use either an increase or a decrease in the reflection to encode data. It just depends on what you are trying to do. This change in the reflection also results in a change in the transmission.” The researchers have proposed creating an “all optical plasmonic modulator using CMOS-compatible materials,” or an optical transistor. Exposing the material to a pulsing laser light causes electrons to move from one energy level called the valence band to a higher energy level called the conduction band. As the electrons move to the conduction band they leave behind “holes” in the valance band, and eventually the electrons recombine with these holes. “So what we would like to do is drastically speed this up,” Kinsey said. “We were surprised that it was this fast,” Kinsey said. The AZO films are said to be “Epsilon-near-zero,” meaning the refractive index is near zero, a quality found normally in metals and new “metamaterials,” which contain features, patterns or elements that enable unprecedented control of light by harnessing clouds of electrons called surface plasmons. Unlike natural materials, metamaterials are able to reduce the index of refraction to less than one or less than zero. Refraction occurs as electromagnetic waves, including light, bend when passing from one material into another. Each material has its own refraction index, which describes how much light will bend in that particular material and defines how much the speed of light slows down while passing through a material. The pulsing laser light changes the AZO’s index of refraction, which, in turn, modulates the amount of reflection and could make higher performance possible. “If you are operating in the range where your refractive index is low then you can have an enhanced effect, so enhanced reflection change and enhanced transmission change,” he said. The researchers “doped” zinc oxide with aluminum, meaning the zinc oxide is impregnated with aluminum atoms to alter the material’s optical properties. Doping the zinc oxide causes it to behave like a metal at certain wavelengths and like a dielectric at other wavelengths. A new low-temperature fabrication process is critical to the material’s properties and for its CMOS compatibility. “For industrial applications you can’t go to really high fabrication temperatures because that damages underlying material on the chip or device,” Kinsey said. “An interesting thing about these materials is that by changing factors like the processing temperature you can drastically change the properties of the films. They can be metallic or they can be very much dielectric.” The AZO also makes it possible to “tune” the optical properties of metamaterials, an advance that could hasten their commercialization, Boltasseva said. The ongoing research is based at Purdue’s Birck Nanotechnology Center and is funded by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, a Marie Curie Outgoing International Fellowship, the National Science Foundation, and the Office of Naval Research. Please enter your comment! Please enter your name here
Wat Xayaphoum Temple Wat Xayaphoum Temple was built in 1542, the same period of Ban Thahir or Nakham. It is the center of the local Buddhist people with arts and architecture dating from the original Savannakhet. This temple is one of the major Buddhist pagoda or temple in the entire Savannakhet. Located in Kaysone Phomvihanh Town, Wat Xayaphoum Temple was originally constructed in the 16th century, and it is located on the banks of the Mekong River, near the centre of the small city of Savannakhet. The pagoda grounds cover a (small) city block, and contain a plethora of Buddhist buildings. There is something of an air of disrepair, but there is also a measure of re-construction going on. The old city pagoda was built at the same time as Tha Hae village in 1542 BC and has been substantially improved since the beginning of the 20th century. The temple area includes the monks’ living quarters and the monastery. Pi Mai Lao (The Lao New Year Celebration) and Boun Suang Huea (Boat Racing Festival) following Buddhist Lent are held every October annually here. Wat Xayaphoum was well-known as the school of Sankrit language for Buddhists. Now, it is the destination that every tourist wants to visit on the trip to Savannakhet. The temple opens daily from 8 a.m to 6 p.m.
From DoctorMyhill Jump to: navigation, search The adrenal gland is responsible for the body's hormonal response to stress. It produces adrenaline, which stimulates the instant stress hormone response (fight or flight reaction). It also produces cortisol and DHEA, which create the short and long term stress hormone responses. Cortisol suppresses the immune system, breaks down tissues and has a generally catabolic effect. However, these effects are balanced out by DHEA, which has the opposite effect - activating the immune system and building up tissues. All these hormones are made from cholesterol - just one reason why running a low cholesterol is not a good thing! Both cortisol and DHEA are essential for life - too little cortisol causes the life threatening disease Addison's disease, too much causes the debilitating condition Cushing's syndrome. The name of the game is to get the right balance. To achieve this both hormones must be measured. This can be done with the Adrenal stress profile - salivary (ASP) test. By measuring and supplementing within the physiological range, with biologically identical hormones, one is not going to get any unpleasant side effects, i.e. we are trying to copy Nature and restore normality. An abnormal result may be a symptom of other problems or it may cause problems in its own right. The response of the body to stress (any stress - infectious, nutritional, emotional, physical etc) is to increase the output of stress hormones. This gears the body up for action by raising blood pressure, increasing heart rate, improving mental alertness (which can cause anxiety), increasing energy supply and so on. It is actually metabolically very inefficient because it uses up lots of energy, but totally desirable if one has to fight for one's life! This reaction is essential for short term stress, but unsustainable long term. So time for rest and recovery is equally essential. Problems arise when the stress is unremitting because eventually the output of the adrenal gland will reduce making one far less able to tolerate stress. Indeed, this is often a complaint of my CFS patients - they simply do not tolerate stress at all well. Stress responses have been elegantly documented by Hans Selye (Wikipedia:Hans Selye) - indeed he first coined the term "stress". Interpretation Of The Adrenal Stress Profile Test for DHEA and Cortisol Levels Levels of DHEA and cortisol vary according to the level of stress and for how long that stress has been applied. Increasing cortisol production is the normal response to short term stress and is highly desirable, so long as the stress is removed and the adrenal glands can recover. On-going, unremitting stress means the adrenal gland and the whole body is in a constant state of alert, does not get time to recover and eventually packs up. So, there are several stages of adrenal function gradually leading to failure: 1. Normal levels of cortisol and DHEA. Normal result. Normal adrenal gland. 2. Raised cortisol, normal DHEA. This indicates a normal short term response to stress. Typically low blood sugar - See Hypoglycaemia - the full story. 4. High levels of cortisol, low levels of DHEA. The body cannot make enough DHEA to balance cortisol. This is the first sign of adrenal exhaustion. This is the first abnormal response to chronic stress. The patient needs a long break from whatever that chronic stress may be - the commonest chronic stress is Hypoglycaemia - the full story, but also consider insomnia, mental, physical or emotional overload or whatever. Pregnenolone can be supplemented to make the patient feel better, but it must be part of a package of recovery, without which worsening can be expected. 6. Cortisol levels low, DHEA borderline or normal. This probably represents the gland beginning to recover after a long rest. Pregnenolone may be used to help patients feel better whilst they continue their programme of rest and rehabilitation. Addison's disease In Addison's disease there is complete failure of the adrenal gland, not because of chronic stress but because of autoimmunity. This is a life threatening disorder and the patient is severely ill. The main clinical symptom is severe postural hypotension and chronic hypoglycaemia. Addison's disease is tested for by a short synacthen test, in which cortisol levels are measured before and after an adrenal gland stimulant ACTH. See (Wikipedia:Addison's disease) Many patients with CFS are given this test, which is found to be normal resulting in the patient being told their adrenal gland is fine and no action is required. The problem with this test is it only shows where the adrenal gland is completely non-functioning, it does not diagnose partial adrenal failure or adrenal stress and no measurements of DHEA are made. This makes it potentially misleading. I used to treat DHEA deficiency with DHEA. However I believe pregnenolone is more physiological because it is upstream of all adrenal hormones including progesterone and cortisol. Cholesterol is the raw material from which steroid hormones are made in the body. The next biochemical step is pregnenolone- this is the mother and grandmother of all steroid hormones. Starting off with pregnenolone means that all steroid hormones can be naturally synthesised in the correct physiological balance. In theory this should greatly simplify the business of prescribing and monitoring hormones because the body can do its own natural balancing act. Please see Wikipedia entry on Pregnenolone A physiological dose is pregnenolone 50mgs. It is better absorbed under the tongue. This works because sublingual doses bypass the liver - the so-called "first pass effect". This advice applies equally to men as it does to women. If you are taking DHEA now or if a future Adrenal Stress Profile (ASP) result shows low levels of DHEA, my advice is that you should consider taking/swapping to pregnenolone. If you do the ASP test through my practice, then I will recommend pregnenolone if indicated by the results. In addition to CFS sufferers, post menopausal women and those aged over 50 may also benefit from this therapy. For those 'transferring' from DHEA to pregnenolone, the conversion rate is approximately 1:2, so that if you are currently taking 25 mg daily of DHEA then you should transfer to 50 mg daily of pregnenolone. DHEA is easy. Low levels mean a deficiency and supplementation with pregnenolone is indicated. Sometimes I see a raised DHEA. This can occur in polycystic ovary disease in women and if there were symptoms suggestive of this (irregular periods, lower abdominal pain, infertility) then an ultrasound scan of the pelvis is indicated. High DHEA is a stress response and the causes of such needs looking for. I suspect the most common cause is metabolic syndrome and hypoglycaemia. Cortisol is more awkward. Levels vary according to the short term level of stress and for how long that stress has been applied. Increasing cortisol production is the normal response to short term stress and is highly desirable, so long as the stress is removed and the adrenal glands can recover. On-going, unremitting stress means the adrenal gland and the whole body is in a constant state of alert, does not get time to recover and eventually packs up. Pregnenolone is upstream of cortisol so taking this should support cortisol production Prescribing hydrocortisone for CFS In patients in which the ASP shows a deficiency of cortisol, it is worth trying hydrocortisone. This is the biologically identical hormone and if given in small doses (5-10mgs in the morning) has no side effects and no suppression of the adrenal gland. There is no need to carry a steroid card, no long term side effects and no need to tail the dose off once stopped. I see hydrocortisone as a crutch to the adrenal gland - it allows it to rest as little before resuming normal production after several months or years once the sufferer is considerably better. There is no need to recheck levels of cortisol once on treatment. It may be that pregnenolone will be more effective as cortisol replacement - time will tell - watch this space! A New Hydrocortisone Trial Another randomised, controlled, crossover trial of low-dose hydrocortisone treatment for CFS has recently been published. 32 participants, fulfilling both the Oxford and CDC 1994 criteria, completed this short-term trial. Participants received 5mg or 10mg of hydrocortisone for 28 days and placebo for 28 days. In another randomised controlled trial of hydrocortisone therapy ( see Interaction 29, page 21 for a review), McKenzie at al., used a higher "low-dose" hydrocortisone treatment of 25 - 35mg daily. They found that this dose was associated with some improvements in symptoms but caused significant adrenal suppression. Neither of these research teams currently recommended the use of hydrocortone as a treatment for CFS. The present study assessed the effects of hydrocortisone treatment in the short-term only. As the authors point out, further studies, involving longer durations of treatment and follow-up are required to assess the long-term effectiveness and safety of this treatment. Reference: Cleare et al; The Lancet, 1999, Vol. 353 February 6, p455-458 Related Tests Related Articles
Phobias are common afflictions that affect the lives of millions of people around the world. A phobia is an irrational or extreme fear of something, and to the point where it impacts your life. Typically, these phobias are understandable, and a few of the more common ones include claustrophobia (fear of confined spaces), acrophobia (fear of heights), nyctophobia (fear of the dark) or aerophobia (fear of flying). There are then some truly bizarre phobias out there which may provide the majority of us with a good laugh, but for some people it is a daily struggle with these irrational fears. 12. Koumpounophobia – Fear of Buttons One of the more famous bizarre phobias, koumpounophobia is the fear of buttons. Some people are scared of seeing or the thought of buttons, whilst some are only afraid of the texture of particular buttons and are able to wear them themselves. Traumatic experiences such as abuse or neglect by someone wearing buttons could trigger the phobia, but many also claim that it is an intense disgust and they find them dirty and a horrible texture. Steve Jobs famously had a phobia of buttons, which is perhaps why cell phones and tablets today are primarily touchscreen and button-free. Seeing as they are so common on men and women’s clothing, it can make daily life and interactions with others challenging and full of anxiety. Therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy have proven to help, although many sufferers are too embarrassed to seek professional help and instead avoid buttons at all costs. 11. Genuphobia – Fear of Knees Some people around the world suffer from an irrational fear of knees and/or kneeling, including their own knees as well as the knees of others. The symptoms of this phobia include feeling sick, excessive sweating, dry mouth and anxiety whenever they see knees or somebody kneeling. Although it is an uncommon and strange phobia (which must be particularly challenging to manage during the summer months), there are a few different causes for the phobia. It is thought that some sufferers previously were not familiar with seeing knees, likely due to an upbringing where clothing was always worn that covered them. In addition to this, the phobia could stem from a traumatic injury to their knees or the knees of somebody else. In some cases, genuphobia in terms of a fear of kneeling is due to it being a form of submission. 10. Ergophobia – Fear of Working A great one to try on your boss the next time can’t face a day at the office, ergophobia is the fear of working. This may sound like something made up by somebody one Monday morning in the middle of winter, but ergophobia actually affects millions of people around the world. It is often part of a much larger problem, often a social phobia or performance anxiety where the sufferer feels extreme anxiety about being in the workplace where there will be plenty of socializing, performing in front of people and high pressure situations. This is different from work aversion, where people avoid employment due to laziness or boredom. This fear of working or finding employment is obviously difficult to avoid due to the need to work, but through professional help many people are able to identify the root of the problem and overcome their fear. 9. Sesquipedalophobia – Fear of Long Words They were clearly having some fun when they came up with the term for this phobia, as sesquipedalophobia is the fear of long words. Cruelly, it is also known as hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobia. Initially it may be difficult to understand, but it can be more relatable when you think back to school days where you were reading aloud to the class and you suddenly found a word that you did not know how to say. Sesquipedalophobia often stems from a lack of education, and the sufferer will find themselves avoiding reading, avoiding social interactions with people who use long words, struggling in restaurants with dishes that have long names, and having difficulty interacting with people from different cultures. Seeing or hearing long words may result in nausea, dry mouth, panic attacks, trembling and sweating. Many people find online dictionaries a useful tool, as they also provide an audio pronunciation and a simplified meaning. 8. Turophobia – Fear of Cheese For many of us, cheese is one of the greatest foods on the planet and something that can improve most meals. Some unfortunate souls not only do not like cheese, but actually have a fear of it. This is called turophobia, and sufferers can have a fear of all cheese, or just one in particular. It is thought that this fear can stem from a negative experience with cheese when young, such as being sick from consuming too much cheese, or having an intense dislike for the texture, look, or taste of a particular cheese. Additionally, those that are lactose intolerant are more likely to have some form of turophobia. Seeing as it is such a bizarre phobia, many sufferers are also teased and have people deliberately brandish cheese or eat it in front of them to see if their fear is in fact true (which it is). 7. Dextrophobia – Fear of Objects to the Right This may seem like a silly fear to the majority of us, but for many people around the world it is a problem that affects them every single day. Dextrophobia is the fear of right-sided things, and it stems from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). People that suffer from this phobia will always keep objects to their left in the workplace and at home, but it can also make tasks such as driving a real problem. Symptoms include panic attacks, nausea, crying, trembling and becoming easily distracted. They will do everything in their power to fix what is out of place, but of course this is not always possible, and therefore it is a very challenging phobia to live with. Those that suffer from dextrophobia will usually seek professional help to overcome the phobia, and a therapist may be able to help work through the issue. 6. Xanthophobia – Fear of the Color Yellow For the majority of people, thinking of the color yellow brings about thoughts of daffodils, sunshine, sunflowers, lemons, ducklings and, of course, cheese (not great for those with turophobia). Typically, it is a very happy color that is full of life, but some people have an intense fear or aversion to the color yellow. Those that have this fear will usually have had some kind of emotional or physical trauma in their past that involves something yellow, and now on an unconscious level a fear of the color has been developed. This could be something minor like being stung by a wasp, or a larger trauma such as being hit by a yellow car. Negative feelings are then attached to yellow objects (or even the word), and this results in panic and anxiety around yellow objects, or even the thought or mention of the color. 5. Arachibutyrophobia – Fear of Peanut Butter Sticking to the Roof of Your Mouth A very particular and odd phobia, this is one which most people struggle to understand. Arachibutyrophobia is the irrational fear of having peanut butter stuck to the roof of your mouth. Due to the thickness and stickiness of peanut butter, this is something that does occur occasionally (and some people enjoy it). The fear is more rooted in the idea of choking and the peanut butter becoming stuck on the roof of the mouth, as well as feelings of disgust when they cannot remove the peanut butter. Being so particular, it is clearly something that can be easily avoided if you suffer from the phobia. Like all phobias, the severity of the fear varies from person to person, with the most severe sufferers finding themselves fearful of all peanut products. Most who suffer simply avoid peanut butter and peanut products, but it can also be treated by a therapist. 4. Anatidaephobia – Fear of Being Watched By a Duck Everyone has experienced the feeling of being watched, but there are many people that have an irrational fear of being watched by a duck. A comical thought for most, but an intense fear for some. Sufferers do not have to be near ducks to have this fear (but this would make it more extreme), and they will have this feeling even when in the comfort of their own home. As with most phobias, this fear usually comes from a traumatic event involving ducks or geese, as they are known attack and act violently if you get too close (it could even come from stealing food out of your hand). These people now do not just have a fear of ducks, but the fear that there is one out there watching them. Although irrational, it can lead people to stay at home to avoid possibly encountering their stalking duck. 3. Panphobia – Fear of Everything You can’t help but feel sorry for those that suffer from panphobia, as this is the fear of everything and nothing in particular, and even a fear or fear itself. This means that you are in a constant state of fear, and this makes day-to-day life extremely challenging. Due to the fact that is a non-specific fear, it is also one which can be particularly difficult to treat. It has famously been described as “a vague and persistent dread of some unknown evil,” which must make life feel like one long horror film. Panphobia is usually a part of some form of mental disorder, including generalized anxiety disorder, schizophrenia and borderline personality disorder. This phobia is surely the worst of the bunch, as it is unavoidable and will impact every single aspect of your life. Therapy and medication is usually used to reduce anxiety and stress. 2. Anablephobia – Fear of Looking Up Lots of people love to look up at the sky and watch the clouds or the stars, but this is a terrifying experience for some. Anablephobia is the fear of looking up, and this generally comes from the sheer vastness and feelings of insignificance you can get when gazing up at the heavens. There are then those that suffer from anablephobia that can relate to Chicken Little, who fear the sky falling and objects that come from above. Looking up at the sky is certainly a powerful experience and will make most contemplate the world and existence, but this can prove to be a little too much for those with this phobia, who will feel nauseas and extreme anxiety when they look up or think about the sky. Consequently, people with anablephobia will often try to stay indoors as much as possible and avoid large open spaces. 1. Ablutophibia – Fear of Washing Some phobias are very easy to avoid and will not have a big impact on the person’s life, but this is not the case for ablutophobia. This is the irrational fear of bathing, washing and cleaning, and therefore it is not just the person with the phobia that suffers if they do not wash regularly. It is common in children, but the fear usually goes away once they realize that there is nothing to be scared of. It does not always go away, however, and there are many men and women around the world who panic at the thought of having to take a shower. There are then feelings of shame that are attached to this, as most cultures place heavy value on cleanliness and to not regularly wash can result in disgust and/or mocking. Often, this fear will have stemmed from a previous traumatic event (usually involving water).
Tag Archives: hyperthyroidism High blood pressure Hypertension is the medical term for high blood pressure, a silent killer of older cats. What causes hypertension in cats? Hypertension is usually secondary to another disease. Kidney disease is the most common cause of hypertension but cats with adrenal gland tumours or treated for hyperthyroidism also develop high blood pressure at times. Sometimes no underlying cause is found. Most cats with hypertension are older than 9 years of age. What are the effects of hypertension? Hypertension damages all body organs but we notice it most in: • the eyes. The small vessels in the retina break under pressure. The bleeding detaches the retina and the cat becomes blind. • the brain. Ruptured blood vessels cause ‘strokes’, fits, twitches or unusual behaviour • the kidneys. Increased blood pressure damages the delicate filtration system of the kidney. • the heart. The heart has to work harder to push the blood out into the body and the heart muscle thickens and becomes less efficient. Sometimes the heart goes out of rhythm or we hear a murmur with the stethoscope. Affected cats may show signs of heart failure such as breathlessness, lethargy, weakness or fainting. How do we detect hypertension? We measure the blood pressure of all cats over 9 years old as part of the regular seniors’ examination. We also check the blood pressure of all cats with kidney disease or hyperthyroidism, or with any signs of eye, brain or heart disease. Most cats tolerate the cat sized cuffs we put on their arms. Some don’t like the feel of the gel or the sound of the amplifier we use to hear the pulse. We try to put them at ease so that we get an accurate reading. How do we treat hypertension? A daily dose of amlopidine as a fragment of tablet (Norvasc), or as chicken, fish, cheese or beef flavoured drops to put on the food, brings the blood pressure down rapidly. After a week on amlopidine we recheck the blood pressure to see if it has come down to normal. If all goes well we recheck it every 3 months. Sometimes other medications like benazepril (Fortekor or Vetace) are added in, particularly if we detect kidney disease. Kitty Dementia Dementia, also known as feline cognitive dysfunction, is an age-related disorder of brain function causing multiple behaviour changes. In cats the behaviour changes include: • Yowling excessively and inappropriately • Urinating or defecating outside the litter box and around the house • Disorientation and aimless wandering • Restlessness • Changes in interaction with people or other pets such as aggression, irritability and clinginess • Erratic sleeping behaviour: waking, pacing or yowling at night, sleeping less at night and more during the day • Decreased grooming Some diseases mimic cognitive dysfunction. These include hyperthyroidism, brain tumours, viral diseases, high blood pressure, chronic pain, arthritis, diabetes, and urinary tract infections. Many of these diseases exacerbate the behaviour changes of cognitive dysfunction, too, so we must check for and/or treat them before we confirm a diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction. Some commonly used drugs such as prednisolone and valium also reduce brain function. Alternatives that reduce decline are often available. 2. Physical therapy and environmental enrichment: Stimulate brain function and delay the onset of dementia with environmental enrichment and games. Try scattering or hiding food or catnip around the house, provide toys that require batting or rolling to release food, give opportunities for climbing, perching and exploring, trail ribbon or feathers along. Petting, brushing and massage stimulate the nerves and brains of old cats, too. 3. Your vet may prescribe medications to reduce inflammation, enhance memory or improve brain function. The signs of hyperthyroidism include: • Weight loss • Increased appetite • Hyperactivity and restlessness • Increased frequency of defecation with occasional accidents inside • Increased thirst and urination • Occasional vomiting • Panting • Matted, greasy and unkempt coat • Enlarged thyroid glands on the neck 1. 1. Anti-thyroid drug therapy 1. 2. Radioactive iodine therapy 1. 3. Surgical thyroidectomy
The Correct Soil pH For Herbs Soil pH is not usually a worry for herb gardeners who plant in containers and pots because the compost we buy from the garden centre has a balanced mixture of nutrients that create a neutral to slightly alkaline pH level. Knowing that might prompt you to ask, “Why bother to learn about it then and what is it anyway?” Because having an understanding that whatever you mix in the soil or water your herbs with has a pH of its own and therefore can harm or enhance your plant`s environment. You won`t be so quick to listen to any Tom Dick and Harry who claims that some crazy concoction will boost their growth and make them tower like Jack`s beanstalk! What is pH? I am not going to try and explain in a mind-boggling scientific way but will try to put it in a much simpler fashion. First, the letters pH stand for “potential of Hydrogen “ or a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. When you mix potting soil with water and measure it with litmus paper it will turn a shade of green indicating a low concentration of hydrogen ions. On the pH scale this will be between 7 to 14. The higher the number the bluer the green will become. Cold colours! 7 is neutral so the lower the number the more acidic the solution will be with high concentrations of hydrogen ions. The lipnus paper will turn yellow, then orange or red. Hot colours! A high concentration of hydrogen ions will impede a plants ability to absorb certain nutrients that is why the soil pH should be slightly alkaline for most herbs. You won't find many soils below 5 or higher than 8. Herbs That Like High Soil pH Most herbs are happiest in soil that is around pH 7 ½ - 8 which is slightly alkaline or basic, but they will tolerate slightly more or less. If you have a small garden patch for your herbs and they are not doing so well try giving it a top layer of compost or add a little lime or chalk but not too much. You can also do this with pots and containers if you have a plant that really likes more base soils. For example: Mints, Lady's mantle, Lemon Verbena, Pyrethrum, Chicory, Clove Pink, Wild strawberry, and Hyssop all love alkaline soil. Herbs That Like Low Soil pH The acidity of the soil for plants that like a low pH are on the scale of 7 – 5. To lower it add alfalfa meal but use very little until you see improvements. For example: Gardenia, Kaffir Lime, Foxglove, Yellow Gentain, Witch Hazel, and Dog Rose all love slightly acidic soil. How to Test Soil With a Meter For the purpose of getting a rough guide on the soil pH of a small herb garden whether in pots or in a small plot, a two pronged meter will suffice. I bought one and played around with it and it does give a good indication. All you need to do is push the prongs down into the soil and leave it there for a few minutes. It will then give you a reading on the pH scale. On the dual prong type the monitor has a moisture and light gauge which is great for knowing if your soil is too dry or too wet but how measuring the light can beat your own eye clocking I will never know! The following pics are the results of the pH meter testing. I have posted them for those who want to see the results of my testing. Click on the pictures to see them enlarged in the gallery. With Litmus Paper I tried litmus paper. It was great when it came to checking the pH of the water source but the water greatly influenced the testing of the soil. Pics to show that the litmus paper was working. Dipped one in ammonia smelling salts which is totally alkaline, and one in malt vinegar which is totally acid. Amonia shows blue indicating high alkalinity and vinegar shows red indicating high acidity. The following pics are the results of testing both sources of water which marked a big difference. Tap water with chlorine added made it more alkaline than the water butt source. But when I tested the soil with each of water sources the results showed the same colour range as you can see in the last picture. I did the test with compost and the results were the same. In the last picture left is the soil and butt water results and right the soil and tap water results. Below the right strip is the butt water and left the tap water. Sorry got them the wrong way around! What did this test accomplish? At least I know my soil and compost are alkaline! 1. HerbHints 2. Soil pH Visit My Facebook Page Ads Transparency
Log Out Pet Ownership Expense Worksheet for Children & Parents How Much Is That Doggie in the Window? In an effort to teach you about managing money, the VSCPA provides children and parents with a pet ownership worksheet (PDF) to help your family budget the expenses associated with getting and keeping man’s best friend (or a furry feline). The VSCPA suggests incorporating the following money lessons into the purchase and care of a family pet: Do you get an allowance for performing chores? If so, ask your parents to add feeding and watering the pet to the task list. Learn how to budget expenses by using the pet ownership worksheet. The various expense categories can help you learn where the money goes. Needs Versus Wants Sure a gemstone-encrusted collar is nice, but a canvas one does the job just fine too. Making financial decisions about pet toys and accessories can help you understand the difference between true needs (food) and wants (a glow-in-the-dark Frisbee). Emergency Savings No matter how much pets cost, their place in the family can be priceless. Pets can teach you to be responsible caregivers and serve as confidants, protectors and pals. The VSCPA would like to thank the Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants for granting replication permission of its ValueYourMoney.org materials.
WordReference English Collocations © 2019 1. has a [great, wonderful, decreased] ability 2. [is, has] the ability (to) 3. has the [natural, proven, unique, demonstrated, proven] ability to 4. with the [proven] ability to 5. has the ability and [willingness, desire, knowledge] to 6. has [limited, infinite] ability to 7. [have, show] the ability to [make, work, use] 8. (was able to) demonstrate the ability (necessary) to 9. has no ability (at all) 10. impaired ability to [drive, walk] 11. question his ability 12. [improve, develop] your ability (to, in) 13. test your ability to [read, recognize, see, speak] 14. [her, Mark's, this person's] ability to 15. confident in her ability to 16. judged on your ability to 17. [identify, describe] your skills and abilities 18. ability in [math, basketball] 19. the ability for [users, anyone, people] to n as adj 1. a mixed-ability class 'ability' also found in these entries: Word of the day: stay \| spur Report an inappropriate ad.
Web Resources What Has Changed Recently With ? Factors to Consider In Order For Kids to Succeed In Elementary School and Why Math Is Hard Elementary school is the foundation of your child and this is where they start to pick up study and life skills and therefore in the event you find that your child is having trouble to cope with school at this stage, you do not need to worry because there are a couple of solutions which can assist your child to succeed. First of all it is important to understand that education starts at home and as a parent you should ensure that you play your role by providing your child with a healthy breakfast to prepare them for the day and ensure that their study time and homework are always a priority and any destruction or screen time should be limited since with this kind of practice, they can easily become responsible adults. Ensure that you remain involved by monitoring everything, by checking their homework dependably and furthermore by checking with their instructor now and again so you can talk about the youngster’s advancement and if there are any issues. You can likewise get outside help by looking at this blog so as to know the sort of assistance the child may require and this turns out to be critical because it demonstrates that you are honest with yourself. When it comes to math, you find that struggling is found to be normal and because of this mentality, the moment one starts to fail, they continue failing until they get diminishing returns and end up to have lack of care. The major problem with math is the fact that it only has definitive answers which are either right or wrong and it does not provide room for wiggle. There are two characterizations of learning math which fuse inertia and this is the spot the vast majority usually end up doing what is easy and satisfying and as much as the brain functions across all sides, picking up momentum is the best way to deal with this and moreover taking programs like Thinkster which want a little measure of the mathnasium cost. Different roadblocks incorporate anxiety which is achieved with the need to perform perfectly which winds up making a boundary and furthermore dyscalculia which is a learning issue which is ordinarily connected to the trouble of managing shapes, numbers, and formulae. In conclusion, this discussion has been able to assist you to know how to deal with a kid having elementary school issues and also it makes you understand why math is difficult.
An introduction to the bald eagle in america The dominant chick tends to be a female, as they are bigger than the male. Pam Munoz Ryan and Ralph Masiello. Without laws society could possibly be full of chaos and confusion. What symbols are important? Bypairs were counted and the population is growing. This is a good source that tells more about Francis Bellamy and his motivation for writing the Pledge of Allegiance. A resolution from the July 4, meeting, which declared America independent, called for a seal for the United States of America. Retrieved 16 April Part of being productive citizens is following rules. Students will present projects to the class. Endangered Species Act ofgo to www. Hunting techniques differ among the species and genera, with some individual eagles having engaged in quite varied techniques based their environment and prey at any given time. Dangers Facing Bald Eagles The words of the preamble have a lot of meaning. This book teaches students character skills such as being kind to one another. The eagles of the genus Aquila are often the top birds of prey in open habitats, taking almost any medium-sized vertebrate they can catch. Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Jellybeans: July Coat of Arms of Austria Eagles are an exceptionally common symbol in heraldry, being considered the "King of Birds" in contrast to the lionthe "King of Beasts". The school is located in a high crime area. There is no evidence yet that supports the idea that eagles keep the same mate for life. Fish and Wildlife Service. This government document is dedicated the history of the Great Seal. I want them to create a class flag and write to explain why certain symbols were placed on the flag. However, if one member of a pair dies or disappears, the survivor will choose a new mate. Bald Eagle What does it mean to be a citizen? The largest recorded nest was found in Florida inand was measured at nearly 10 feet wide and 20 feet deep. Are they three of the Lost Ten Tribes? This gives the students an opportunity to ask questions and share their thoughts in a non-threatening environment. This book gives the history and the importance of the statue of liberty. The bridge is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) It is similar to other Indo-European terms for "bird" or "eagle", including Greek: The book begins with a description of bald eagle behavior and family life. Have a suggestion to improve this page? I am going to use a Venn diagram.Bald Eagles live in virtually all parts of North America. Primarily in wetland and woodland areas that are at usually m from the nearest large body of water. Bodies of wa ter at least 11km in circumference are preferred as they provide the Eagle’s main food source (2). Bald Eagle Facts and Information Haliaeetus leucocephalus Introduction to Bald Eagle. The Bald Eagle is a symbol of strength and freedom in the USA. It is a majestic bird that is very graceful in flight. The Bald Eagle’s nest is the largest of any bird in North America — on average to 2 m across and a bout 1 m tall. American Gold Eagle Coins for Sale Long-established nests can be much larger (observers recorded one that was 3. by the Ecological Society of America FIGHTING BEHAVIOR IN BALD EAGLES: A TEST OF GAME THEORY1 support the predictions of game theory and explain several aspects of Bald Eagle foraging behavior. Key words: Alaska; Bald Eagle; evolutionarily stable strategy; evolutionary game theory, fighting INTRODUCTION Evolutionary game theory. The Liberty Bell is a well-known symbol of freedom in the United States. The bell was first made in for the Pennsylvania State House, now known as Independence Hall. The bell was cast in London, England, and shipped to Pennsylvania. Look high into the top branches of a tall tree, and you may see the source of this call a Bald Eagle. Yes, that squeaky-door sound comes from the official bird of the United States of America. An introduction to the bald eagle in america Rated 3/5 based on 36 review
21 -May -2019 - 22:17 Life, Physical, and Social Science Agricultural and food science technicians Agricultural and Food Science Technicians Under the supervision of scientists, agricultural and food science technicians measure and analyze the quality of food and agricultural products. Agricultural and food scientists Agricultural and Food Scientists Anthropologists and archeologists Anthropologists and Archeologists Anthropologists and archeologists study the origin, development, and behavior of human beings, past and present. They examine the cultures, languages, archeological remains, and physical characteristics of people in various parts of the world. Atmospheric scientists, including meteorologists Atmospheric Scientists, Including Meteorologists Biochemists and biophysicists Biochemists and Biophysicists Biological technicians Biological Technicians Chemical technicians Chemical Technicians Chemical technicians use special instruments and techniques to help chemists and chemical engineers in researching, developing, and producing chemical products and processes. Chemists and materials scientists Chemists and Materials Scientists Chemists and materials scientists study the structures, compositions, reactions, and other properties of substances. They use their knowledge to develop new and improved products, processes, and materials. Conservation scientists and foresters Conservation Scientists and Foresters Conservation scientists and foresters manage overall land quality of forests, parks, rangelands, and other natural resources. Environmental science and protection technicians Environmental Science and Protection Technicians Environmental science and protection technicians do laboratory and field tests to monitor the environment and investigate sources of pollution, including those affecting health. Many work under the supervision of environmental scientists and specialists, who direct their work and evaluate their results. Environmental scientists and specialists Environmental Scientists and Specialists Environmental scientists and specialists use their knowledge of the natural sciences to protect the environment. They identify problems and find solutions that minimize hazards to the health of the environment and the population. Forensic science technicians Forensic Science Technicians Forest and conservation technicians Forest and Conservation Technicians Geographers study the earth and its land, features, and inhabitants. They also examine phenomena such as political or cultural structures as they relate to geography. They study the physical or human geographic characteristics or both of a region, ranging in scale from local to global. Geological and petroleum technicians Geological and Petroleum Technicians Medical scientists Medical Scientists Nuclear technicians Nuclear Technicians Physicists and astronomers Physicists and Astronomers Physicists and astronomers study the fundamental nature of the universe, ranging from the vastness of space to the smallest of subatomic particles. They develop new technologies, methods, and theories based on the results of their research that deepen our understanding of how things work and contribute to innovative, real-world applications. Political scientists Political Scientists Political scientists study the origin, development, and operation of political systems. They research political ideas and analyze the structure and operation of governments, policies, political trends, and related issues. Survey researchers Survey Researchers Urban and regional planners Urban and Regional Planners Urban and regional planners develop plans and programs for the use of land. They use planning to create communities, accommodate growth, or revitalize physical facilities in towns, cities, counties, and metropolitan areas. Zoologists and wildlife biologists Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists
The Science of Smoke Smoke, haze, atmos, whatever you want to call it, anyone who knows me knows that I’m a big fan. But how does it work and what is the purpose of smoking up a set? Aerial perspective At the most basic level, smoke simulates a natural phenomenon called aerial perspective. If you look at – for example – a range of mountains receding into the distance, the further mountains will appear bluer, lighter, less contrasty and less colour-saturated than the nearer mountains. An example of aerial perspective This effect is due to light being scattered by particles naturally suspended in the air, and by molecules of the air itself. It is described by the scary-looking Rayleigh Equation: We don’t need to get into what all the variables stand for, but there are a few things worth noting: • The symbol on the far right represents the angle between the incident light and the scattered light. In practice this means that the more you shoot into the sun – the more the air you’re photographing is backlit – the more scattering there will be. Place the sun behind your camera and scattering will be minimal. • is the distance from the particle that’s doing the scattering, so you can see that scattering increases with distance as per the Inverse Square Law. • Lamda (the sort of upside-down y next to the x) is the wavelength of the light, so the shorter the wavelength, the more scattering. This is why things look bluer with distance: blue light has a shorter wavelength and so is scattered more. It’s also why shooting through an ultraviolet filter reduces the appearance of aerial perspective/atmospheric haze. How smoke works An Artem smoke gun Foggers, hazers and smoke machines simulate aerial perspective by adding suspended particles to the air. These particles start off as smoke fluid (a.k.a. “fog juice”) which is made of mineral oil, or of a combination of water and glycol/glycerin. In a smoke machine or gas-powered smoke gun (like the Artem), smoke fluid is pushed into a heat exchanger which vaporises it. When the vapour makes contact with the colder air, it condenses to form fog. A hazer uses compression rather than heat to vaporise the fluid, meaning you don’t have to wait for the machine to heat up. The particles are smaller, making for a more subtle and longer-lasting effect. As a general rule, you should use only hazers for interior cinematography, unless there is a story reason for smoke to be present in the scene. Outdoors, however, hazers are ineffective. An Artem or two will work well for smaller exterior scenes; for larger ones, a Tube of Death is the best solution. This is a long, plastic inflatable tube with regularly-spaced holes, with a fan and a smoke machine (usually electric) at the end. It ensures that smoke is distributed fairly evenly over a large area. The effects of smoke Just like aerial perspective, smoke/haze separates the background from the foreground, as the background has more smoke between it and the camera. The background becomes brighter, less contrasty, less saturated and (depending on the type of smoke) bluer, making the foreground stand out against it. Since smoke also obeys the Rayleigh Equation, it shows up best when it’s backlit, a bit when it’s side-lit and barely at all when front-lit. Here are some of the other things that smoke achieves: • It diffuses the image, particularly things further away from camera. • It lowers contrast. • It brightens the image. • It lifts the shadows by scattering light into them. • If it’s sufficiently thick, and particularly if it’s smoke rather than haze, it adds movement and texture to the image, which helps to make sets look less fake. • It volumises the light, showing up clear shafts of hard light and diffuse pools of soft light. (For more on this, read 5 Tips for Perfect Shafts of Light.) • Backlit smoke in front of a person or an object will obscure them, concealing identity. Heavy smoke (from an Artem) pops Lyanna (Dita Tantang) out of the background in “Ren: The Girl with the Mark” (dir. Kate Madison). Backlit smoke through a roof of branches creates magical shafts of light in “Ren: The Girl with the Mark”. The final day/sunset look. From each side an orange-gelled and a pink-gelled par can light the backdrop. A 2K tungsten fresnel provides backlight, while a 650W fresnel with a cucoloris provides dappled light on the tree and tarsier. An LED panel off right supplies fill, and a second panel is inside the cave with a turquoise gel. The colour-washed infinity cove in the background of this music promo for Lewis Watson’s “Droplets” (dir. Tom Walsh) is softened and disguised by smoke. Haze gives the LED panels their glowing appearance in this video for “X, Y & Z Rays” (dir. Tom Walsh) by Revenge of Calculon. This torch beam in “Above the Clouds” (dir. Leon Chambers) shows up so well because the set is heavily fogged. Smoke backlit by an HMI creates the blue background glow against which the heroes of “The First Musketeer” (dir. Harriet Sams) stand out. Haze creates the shafts of light from HMIs outside the windows, and adds to the gothic feel of “Heretiks” (dir. Paul Hyett). The Science of Smoke How Big a Light do I Need? Experience goes a long way, but sometimes you need to be more precise about what size of lighting instruments are required for a particular scene. Night exteriors, for example; you don’t want to find out on the day that the HMI you hired as your “moon” backlight isn’t powerful enough to cover the whole of the car park you’re shooting in. How can you prep correctly so that you don’t get egg on your face? There are two steps: 1. determine the intensity of light you require on the subject, and 2. find a combination of light fixture and fixture-to-subject distance that will provide that intensity. The Required intensity The goal here is to arrive at a number of foot-candles (fc). Foot-candles are a unit of light intensity, sometimes more formally called illuminance, and one foot-candle is the illuminance produced by a standard candle one foot away. (Illuminance can also be measured in the SI unit of lux, where 1 fc ≈ 10 lux, but in cinematography foot-candles are more commonly used. It’s important to remember that illuminance is a measure of the light incident to a surface, i.e. the amount of light reaching the subject. It is not to be confused with luminance, which is the amount of light reflected from a surface, or with luminous power, a.k.a. luminous flux, which is the total amount of light emitted from a source.) Usually you start with a T-stop (or f-stop) that you want to shoot at, based on the depth of field you’d like. You also need to know the ISO and shutter interval (usually 1/48th or 1/50th of a second) you’ll be shooting at. Next you need to convert these facets of exposure into an illuminance value, and there are a few different ways of doing this. One method is to use a light meter, if you have one, which you enter the ISO and shutter values into. Then you wave it around your office, living room or wherever, pressing the trigger until you happen upon a reading which matches your target f-stop. Then you simply switch your meter into foot-candles mode and read off the number. This method can be a bit of a pain in the neck, especially if – like mine – your meter requires fiddly flipping of dip-switches and additional calculations to get a foot-candles reading out of. A much simpler method is to consult an exposure table, like the one below, or an exposure calculator, which I’m sure is a thing which must exist, but I’ll be damned if I could find one. Some cinematographers memorise the fact that 100fc is f/2.8 at ISO 100, and work out other values from that. For example, ISO 400 is four times (two stops) faster than ISO 100, so a quarter of the light is required, i.e. 25fc. Alternatively, you can use the underlying maths of the above methods. This is unlikely to be necessary in the real world, but for the purposes of this blog it’s instructive to go through the process. The equation is: • b is the illuminance in fc, • f is the f– or T-stop, • s is the shutter interval in seconds, and • i is the ISO. Say I’m shooting on an Alexa with a Cooke S4 Mini lens. If I have the lens wide open at T2.8, the camera at its native ISO of 800 and the shutter interval at the UK standard of 1/50th (0.02) of a second… … so I need about 12fc of light. The right instrument In the rare event that you’re actually lighting your set with candles – as covered in my Barry Lyndon and Stasis posts – then an illuminance value in fc is all you need. In every other situation, though, you need to figure out which electric light fixtures are going to give you the illuminance you need. Manufacturers of professional lighting instruments make this quite easy for you, as they all provide data on the illuminance supplied by their products at various differences. For example, if I visit Mole Richardson’s webpage for their 1K Baby-Baby fresnel, I can click on the Performance Data table to see that this fixture will give me the 12fc (in fact slightly more, 15fc) that I required in my Alexa/Cooke example at a distance of 30ft on full flood. Other manufacturers provide interactive calculators: on ETC’s site you can drag a virtual Source Four back and forth and watch the illuminance read-out change, while Arri offers a free iOS/Android app with similar functionality. If you need to calculate an illuminance value for a distance not specified by the manufacturer, you can derive it from distances they do specify, by using the Inverse Square Law. However, as I found in my investigatory post about the law, that could be a whole can of worms. If illuminance data is not available for your light source, then I’m afraid more maths is involved. For example, the room I’m currently in is lit by a bulb that came in a box marked “1,650 lumens”, which is the luminous power. One lumen is one foot-candle per square foot. To find out the illuminance, i.e. how many square feet those lumens are spread over, we imagine those square feet as the area of a sphere with the lamp at the centre, and where the radius r is the distance from the lamp to the subject. So: • is again the illuminance in fc, • is the luminous power of the souce in lumens, and • r is the lamp-to-subject distance in feet. (I apologise for the mix of Imperial and SI units, but this is the reality in the semi-Americanised world of British film production! Also, please note that this equation is for point sources, rather than beams of light like you get from most professional fixtures. See this article on LED Watcher if you really want to get into the detail of that.) So if I want to shoot that 12fc scene on my Alexa and Cooke S4 Mini under my 1,650 lumen domestic bulb… … my subject needs to be 3’4″ from the lamp. I whipped out my light meter to check this, and it gave me the target T2.8 at 3’1″ – pretty close! Do I have enough light? If you’re on a tight budget, it may be less a case of, “What T-stop would I like to shoot at, and what fixture does that require?” and more a case of, “Is the fixture which I can afford bright enough?” Let’s take a real example from Perplexed Music, a short film I lensed last year. We were shooting on an Alexa at ISO 1600, 1/50th sec shutter, and on Arri/Zeiss Ultra Primes, which have a maximum aperture of T1.9. The largest fixture we had was a 2.5K HMI, and I wanted to be sure that we would have enough light for a couple of night exteriors at a house location. In reality I turned to an exposure table to find the necessary illuminance, but let’s do the maths using the first equation that we met in this post: Loading up Arri’s photometrics app, I could see that 2.8fc wasn’t going to be a problem at all, with the 2.5K providing 5fc at the app’s maximum distance of 164ft. That’s enough for today. All that maths may seem bewildering, but most of it is eliminated by apps and other online calculators in most scenarios, and it’s definitely worth going to the trouble of checking you have enough light before you’re on set with everyone ready to roll! See also: 6 Ways of Judging Exposure How Big a Light do I Need? Colour Rendering Index Many light sources we come across today have a CRI rating. Most of us realise that the higher the number, the better the quality of light, but is it really that simple? What exactly is Colour Rendering Index, how is it measured and can we trust it as cinematographers? Let’s find out. What is C.R.I.? CRI was created in 1965 by the CIE – Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage – the same body responsible for the colour-space diagram we met in my post about How Colour Works. The CIE wanted to define a standard method of measuring and rating the colour-rendering properties of light sources, particularly those which don’t emit a full spectrum of light, like fluorescent tubes which were becoming popular in the sixties. The aim was to meet the needs of architects deciding what kind of lighting to install in factories, supermarkets and the like, with little or no thought given to cinematography. As we saw in How Colour Works, colour is caused by the absorption of certain wavelengths of light by a surface, and the reflection of others. For this to work properly, the light shining on the surface in the first place needs to consist of all the visible wavelengths. The graphs below shows that daylight indeed consists of a full spectrum, as does incandescent lighting (e.g. tungsten), although its skew to the red end means that white-balancing is necessary to restore the correct proportions of colours to a photographed image. (See my article on Understanding Colour Temperature.) Fluorescent and LED sources, however, have huge peaks and troughs in their spectral output, with some wavelengths missing completely. If the wavelengths aren’t there to begin with, they can’t reflect off the subject, so the colour of the subject will look wrong. Analysing the spectrum of a light source to produce graphs like this required expensive equipment, so the CIE devised a simpler method of determining CRI, based on how the source reflected off a set of eight colour patches. These patches were murky pastel shades taken from the Munsell colour wheel (see my Colour Schemes post for more on colour wheels). In 2004, six more-saturated patches were added. The maths which is used to arrive at a CRI value goes right over my head, but the testing process boils down to this: 1. Illuminate a patch with daylight (if the source being tested has a correlated colour temperature of 5,000K or above) or incandescent light (if below 5,000K). 2. Compare the colour of the patch to a colour-space CIE diagram and note the coordinates of the corresponding colour on the diagram. 3. Now illuminate the patch with the source being tested. 4. Compare the new colour of the patch to the CIE diagram and note the coordinates of the corresponding colour. 5. Calculate the distance between the two coordinates, i.e. the difference in colour under the two light sources. 6. Repeat with the remaining patches and calculate the average difference. Here are a few CRI ratings gleaned from around the web: Source CRI Sodium streetlight -44 Standard fluorescent 50-75 Standard LED 83 LitePanels 1×1 LED 90 Arri HMI 90+ Kino Flo 95 Tungsten 100 (maximum) Problems with C.R.I. There have been many criticisms of the CRI system. One is that the use of mean averaging results in a lamp with mediocre performance across all the patches scoring the same CRI as a lamp that does terrible rendering of one colour but good rendering of all the others. Demonstrating the non-continuous spectrum of a fluorescent lamp, versus the continuous spectrum of incandescent, using a prism. Further criticisms relate to the colour patches themselves. The eight standard patches are low in saturation, making them easier to render accurately than bright colours. An unscrupulous manufacturer could design their lamp to render the test colours well without worrying about the rest of the spectrum. In practice this all means that CRI ratings sometimes don’t correspond to the evidence of your own eyes. For example, I’d wager that an HMI with a quoted CRI in the low nineties is going to render more natural skin-tones than an LED panel with the same rating. I prefer to assess the quality of a light source by eye rather than relying on any quoted CRI value. Holding my hand up in front of an LED fixture, I can quickly tell whether the skin tones looks right or not. Unfortunately even this system is flawed. The fundamental issue is the trichromatic nature of our eyes and of cameras: both work out what colour things are based on sensory input of only red, green and blue. As an analogy, imagine a wall with a number of cracks in it. Imagine that you can only inspect it through an opaque barrier with three slits in it. Through those three slits, the wall may look completely unblemished. The cracks are there, but since they’re not aligned with the slits, you’re not aware of them. And the “slits” of the human eye are not in the same place as the slits of a camera’s sensor, i.e. the respective sensitivities of our long, medium and short cones do not quite match the red, green and blue dyes in the Bayer filters of cameras. Under continuous-spectrum lighting (“smooth wall”) this doesn’t matter, but with non-continuous-spectrum sources (“cracked wall”) it can lead to something looking right to the eye but not on camera, or vice-versa. Given its age and its intended use, it’s not surprising that CRI is a pretty poor indicator of light quality for a modern DP or gaffer. Various alternative systems exist, including GAI (Gamut Area Index) and TLCI (Television Lighting Consistency Index), the latter similar to CRI but introducing a camera into the process rather than relying solely on human observation. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences recently invented a system, Spectral Similarity Index (SSI), which involves measuring the source itself with a spectrometer, rather than reflected light. At the time of writing, however, we are still stuck with CRI as the dominant quantitative measure. So what is the solution? Test, test, test. Take your chosen camera and lens system and shoot some footage with the fixtures in question. For the moment at least, that is the only way to really know what kind of light you’re getting. Colour Rendering Index How Colour Works The Meaning of “Light” The electromagnetic spectrum In the eye of the beholder Scanning electron micrograph of a retina Artificial eye A Bayer filter A RAW, non-debayered image colour Compression Examples of chroma subsampling ratios How Colour Works The Inverse Square Law If you’ve ever read or been taught about lighting, you’ve probably heard of the Inverse Square Law. It states that light fades in proportion to the square of the distance from the source. But lately I started to wonder if this really applies in all situations. Join me as I attempt to get to the bottom of this… Knowing the law The seed of this post was sown almost a year ago, when I read Herbert McKay’s 1947 book The Tricks of Light and Colour, which described the Inverse Square Law in terms of light spreading out. (Check out my post about The Tricks of Light and Colour here.) But before we go into that, let’s get the Law straight in our minds. What, precisely, does it say? Another excellent book, Gerald Millerson’s Lighting for Television and Film, defines it thusly: With increased distance, the light emitted from a given point source will fall rapidly, as it spreads over a progressively larger area. This fall-off in light level is inversely proportional to the distance square, i.e. 1/d². Thus, doubling the lamp distance would reduce the light to ¼. The operative word, for our purposes, is “spreads”. If you’d asked me a couple of years ago what causes the Inverse Square Law, I probably would have mumbled something about light naturally losing energy as it travels. But that is hogwash of the highest order. Assuming the light doesn’t strike any objects to absorb it, there is nothing to reduce its energy. (Air does scatter – and presumably absorb – a very small amount of light, hence atmospheric haze, but this amount will never be significant on the scale a cinematographer deals with.) In fact, as the Millerson quote above makes clear, the Inverse Square Law is a result of how light spreads out from its source. It’s purely geometry. In this diagram you can see how fewer and fewer rays strike the ‘A’ square as it gets further and further away from the source ‘S’: Illustration by Borb, CC BY-SA 3.0 Each light ray (dodgy term, I know, but sufficient for our purposes) retains the same level of energy, and there are the same number of them overall, it’s just that there are fewer of them passing through any given area. So far, so good. Taking the Law into my own hands During season two of my YouTube series Lighting I Like, I discussed Dedo’s Panibeam 70 HMI. This fixture produces collimated light, light of which all the waves are travelling in parallel. It occurred to me that this must prevent them spreading out, and therefore render the Inverse Square Law void. This in turn got me thinking about more common fixtures – par cans, for example. Par lamps are so named for the Parabolic Aluminised Reflectors they contain. These collect the light radiated from the rear and sides of the filament and reflect it as parallel rays. So to my mind, although light radiated from the very front of the filament must still spread and obey the Inverse Square Law, that which bounces off the reflector should theoretically never diminish. You can imagine that the ‘A’ square in our first diagram would have the same number of light rays passing through it every time if they are travelling in parallel. Similarly, fresnel lenses are designed to divert the spreading light waves into a parallel pattern: Even simple open-face fixtures have a reflector which can be moved back and forth using the flood/spot control, affecting both the spread and the intensity of the light. Hopefully by now you can see why these two things are related. More spread = more divergence of light rays = more fall-off. Less spread = less divergence of light rays = more throw. So, I wondered, am I right? Do these focused sources disobey the Inverse Square Law? Breaking the law To find the answer, I waded through a number of fora. Firstly, and crucially, everyone agrees that the Law describes light radiated from a point source, so any source which isn’t infinitely small will technically not be governed by the Law. In practice, says the general consensus, the results predicted by the Law hold true for most sources, unless they are quite large or very close to the subject. If you are using a softbox, a Kinoflo or a trace frame at short range though, the Inverse Square Law will not apply. The above photometric data for a Filmgear LED Flo-box indeed shows a slower fall-off than the Law predicts. (Based on the 1m intensity, the Law predicts the 2m and 3m intensities as 970÷2²=243 lux and 970÷3²=108 lux respectively.) A Flickr forum contributor called Severin Sadjina puts it like this: In general, the light will fall off as 1/d² if the size of the light source is negligible compared to the distance d to the light source. If, on the other hand, the light source is significantly larger than the distance d to the light source, the light will fall off as 1/d – in other words: slower than the Inverse Square Law predicts. Another contributor, Ftir, claims that a large source will start to follow the Law above distances equal to about five times the largest side of the source, so a 4ft Kinoflo would obey the Law very closely after about 20ft. This claim is confirmed by Wikipedia, citing A. Ryer’s The Light Measurement Handbook. But what about those pesky parallel light beams from the pars and fresnels? Every forum had a lot of disagreement on this. Most people agree that parallel light rays don’t really exist in real life. They will always diverge or converge, slightly, and therefore the Law applies. However, many claim that it doesn’t apply in quite the same way. Diagram from a tutorial PDF on showing a virtual point source behind the bulb of a torch. A fresnel, according to John E. Clark on, can still be treated as a point source, but that point source is actually located somewhere behind the lamp-head! It’s a virtual point source. (Light radiating from a distant point source has approximately parallel rays with consequently negligible fall-off, e.g. sunlight.) So if this virtual source is 10m behind the fixture, then moving the lamp from 1m from the subject to 2m is not doubling the distance (and therefore not quartering the intensity). In fact it is multiplying the distance by 1.09 (12÷11=1.09), so the light would only drop to 84% of its former intensity (1÷1.09²=0.84). I tried to confirm this using the Arri Photometrics App, but the data it gives for Arri’s fresnel fixtures conforms perfectly with an ordinary point source under the Law, leaving me somewhat confused. However, I did find some data for LED fresnels that broke the Law, for example the Lumi Studio 300: As you can see, at full flood (bottom graphic) the Law is obeyed as expected; the 8m intensity of 2,500 lux is a quarter of the 4m intensity of 10,000 lux. But when spotted (top graphic) it falls off more rapidly. Again, very confusing, as I was expecting it to fall off less rapidly if the rays are diverging but close to parallel. A more rapid fall-off suggests a virtual point source somewhere in front of the lamp-head. This was mentioned in several places on the fora as well. The light is converging, so the intensity increases as you move further from the fixture, reaching a maximum at the focal point, then diverging again from that point as per the Inverse Square Law. In fact, reverse-engineering the above data using the Law tells me – if my maths is correct – that the focal point is 1.93m in front of the fixture. Or, to put it another way, spotting this fixture is equivalent to moving it almost 2m closer to the subject. However, this doesn’t seem to tally with the beam spread data in the above graphics. More confusion! I decided to look up ETC’s Source Four photometrics, since these units contain an ellipsoidal reflector which should focus the light (and therefore create a virtual point source) in front of themselves. However, the data shows no deviation from the Law and no evidence of a virtual point source displaced from the actual source. I fought the law and the law won I fear this investigation has left me more confused than when I started! Clearly there are factors at work here beyond what I’ve considered. However, I’ve learnt that the Inverse Square Law is a useful means of estimating light fall-off for most lighting fixtures – even those that really seem like they should act differently! If you double the distance from lamp to subject, you’re usually going to quarter the intensity, or near as damn it. And that rule of thumb is all we cinematographers need 99% of the time. If in doubt, refer to photometrics data like that linked above. And if anyone out there can shed any light (haha) on the confusion, I’d be very happy to hear from you! The Inverse Square Law 9 Fun Photic Facts from a 70-year-old Book Shortly before Christmas, while browsing the secondhand books in the corner of an obscure Herefordshire garden centre, I came across a small blue hardback called The Tricks of Light and Colour by Herbert McKay. Published in 1947, the book covered almost every aspect of light you could think of, from the inverse square law to camouflage and optical illusions. What self-respecting bibliophile cinematographer could pass that up? Here are some quite-interesting things about light which the book describes… 1. SPHERES ARE THE KEY to understandING the inverse square law. Any cinematographer worth their salt will know that doubling a subject’s distance from a lamp will quarter their brightness; tripling their distance will cut their brightness to a ninth; and so on. This, of course, is the inverse square law. If you struggle to visualise this law and why it works the way it does, The Tricks of Light and Colour offers a good explanation. [Think] of light being radiated from… a mere point. Light and heat are radiated in straight lines and in all directions [from this point]. At a distance of one foot from the glowing centre the whole quantity of light and heat is spread out over the surface of a sphere with a radius of one foot. At a distance of two feet from the centre it is spread over the surface of a sphere of radius two feet. Now to find an area we multiply two lengths; in the case of a sphere both lengths are the radius of the sphere. As both lengths are doubled the area is four times as great… We have the same amounts of light and heat spread over a sphere four times as great, and so the illumination and heating effect are reduced to a quarter as great. 2. MIRAGES ARE DUE TO Total internal reflection. This is one of the things I dimly remember being taught in school, which this book has considerably refreshed me on. When light travels from one transparent substance to another, less dense, transparent substance, it bends towards the surface. This is called refraction, and it’s the reason that, for example, streams look shallower than they really are, when viewed from the bank. If the first substance is very dense, or the light ray is approaching the surface at a glancing angle, the ray might not escape at all, instead bouncing back down. This is called total internal reflection, and it’s the science behind mirages. The heated sand heats the air above it, and so we get an inversion of the density gradient: low density along the heated surface, higher density in the cooler air above. Light rays are turned down, and then up, so that the scorched and weary traveller sees an image of the sky, and the images looks like a pool of cool water on the face of the desert. 3. Pinhole images pop up in unexpected places. Most of us have made a pinhole camera at some point in our childhood, creating an upside-down image on a tissue paper screen by admitting light rays through a tiny opening. Make the opening bigger and the image becomes a blur, unless you have a lens to focus the light, as in a “proper” camera or indeed our eyes. But the pinhole imaging effect can occur naturally too. I’ve sometimes lain in bed in the morning, watching images of passing traffic or flapping laundry on a line projected onto my bedroom ceiling through the little gap where the curtains meet at the top. McKay describes another example: One of the prettiest examples of the effect may be seen under trees when the sun shines brightly. The ground beneath a tree may be dappled with circles of light, some of them quite bright… When we look up through the leaves towards the sun we may see the origin of the circles of light. We can see points of light where the sun shines through small gaps between the leaves. Each of these gaps acts in the same way as a pinhole: it lets through rays from the sun which produce an image of the sun on the ground below. 4. The sun isn’t a point source. “Shadows are exciting,” McKay enthuses as he opens chapter VI. They certainly are to a cinematographer. And this cinematographer was excited to learn something about the sun and its shadow which is really quite obvious, but I had never considered before. Look at the shadow of a wall. Near the base, where the shadow begins, the edge of the shadow is straight and sharp… Farther out, the edge of the shadow gets more and more fuzzy… The reason lies of course in the great sun itself. The sun is not a mere point of light, but a globe of considerable angular width. The accompanying illustration shows how you would see all, part or none of the sun if you stood in a slightly different position relative to the hypothetical wall. The area where none of the sun is visible is of course in full shadow (umbra), and the area where the sun is partially visible is the fuzzy penumbra (the “almost shadow”). 5. Gravity bends LIGHT. Einstein hypothesised that gravity could bend light rays, and observations during solar eclipses proved him right. Stars near to the eclipsed sun were seen to be slightly out of place, due to the huge gravitational attraction of the sun. The effect is very small; it is too small to be observed when the rays pass a comparatively small body like the moon. We need a body like the sun, at whose surface gravity is 160 or 170 times as great as at the surface of the moon, to give an observable deviation…. The amount of shift depends on the apparent nearness of a star to the sun, that is, the closeness with which the rays of light from the star graze the sun. The effect of gravity fades out rapidly, according to the inverse square law, so that it is only near the sun that the effects can be observed. 6. Light helped us discover helium. Sodium street-lamps are not the most pleasant of sources, because hot sodium vapour emits light in only two wave-lengths, rather than a continuous spectrum. Interestingly, cooler sodium vapour absorbs the same two wave-lengths. The same is true of other elements: they emit certain wave-lengths when very hot, and absorb the same wave-lengths when less hot. This little bit of science led to a major discovery. The sun is an extremely hot body surrounded by an atmosphere of less highly heated vapours. White light from the sun’s surfaces passes through these heated vapours before it reaches us; many wave-lengths are absorbed by the sun’s atmosphere, and there is a dark line in the spectrum for each wave-length that has been absorbed. The thrilling thing is that these dark lines tell us which elements are present in the sun’s atmosphere. It turned out that the lines in the sun’s spectrum represented elements already known on the earth, except for one small group of lines which were ascribed to a hitherto undetected element. This element was called helium (from helios, the sun). 7. Moonlight is slightly too dim for colours. Our retinas are populated by two different types of photoreceptors: rods and cones. Rods are much more sensitive than cones, and enable us to see in very dim light once they’ve had some time to adjust. But rods cannot see colours. This is why our vision is almost monochrome in dark conditions, even under the light of a full moon… though only just… The light of the full moon is just about the threshold, as we say, of colour vision; a little lighter and we should see colours. 8. MAGIC HOUR can be longer than an hour. We cinematographers often think of magic “hour” as being much shorter than an hour. When prepping for a dusk-for-night scene on The Little Mermaid, I used my light meter to measure the length of shootable twilight. The result was 20 minutes; after that, the light was too dim for our Alexas at 800 ISO and our Cooke S4 glass at T2. But how long after sunset is it until there is literally no light left from the sun, regardless of how sensitive your camera is? McKay has this to say… Twilight is partly explained as an effect of diffusion. When the sun is below the horizon it still illuminates particles of dust and moisture in the air. Some of the scattered light is thrown down to the earth’s surface… Twilight ends when the sun is 17° or 18° below the horizon. At the equator [for example] the sun sinks vertically at the equinoxes, 15° per hour; so it sinks 17° in 1 hour 8 minutes. 9. Why isn’t Green a primary colour in paint? And finally, the answer to something that bugged me during my childhood. When I was a small child, daubing crude paintings of stick figures under cheerful suns, I was taught that the primary colours are red, blue and yellow. Later I learnt that the true primary colours, the additive colours of light, are red, blue and green. So why is it that green, a colour that cannot be created by mixing two other colours of light, can be created by mixing blue and yellow paints? When white light falls on a blue pigment, the pigment absorbs reds and yellows; it reflects blue and also some green. A yellow pigment absorbs blue and violet; it reflects yellow, and also some red and green which are the colours nearest to it in the spectrum. When the two pigments are mixed it may be seen that all the colours are absorbed by one or other of the components except green. If you’re interested in picking up a copy of The Tricks of Light and Colour yourself, there is one on Amazon at the time of writing, but it will set you back £35. Note that Herbert McKay is not to be confused with Herbert C. McKay, an American author who was writing books about stereoscopic photography at around the same time. 9 Fun Photic Facts from a 70-year-old Book 1 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16 22 A stills lens with its aperture ring marked in f-stops A set of Tiffen 4×4″ ND filters .3 .6 .9 1.2 Here are a couple more examples:
What Is A Personal Reflective Essay: Tips For Dummies Narrative. Persuasive. Informational. Expository. Reflective. There are so many different types of papers that it comes as no surprise that students get confused about what to write. Even though the focus of each paper style is different, they should all be written in the same way. The biggest differences come in the content and the purpose of the paper. So, when students are assigned personal reflective paper, there are a few particular things to consider. Here are some tips to help you understand what goes into completing one: • Choose an event. Personal reflective papers need to focus on one event. If they are about more than one event, they tend to be boring and unfocused. The one event should be memorable enough that you can go into detail about it. The event should have taught you something about life that you are willing to share with an audience. • Write a thesis. Like all other projects, the personal reflective project requires a thesis statement. This sentence should be placed at the end of the introductory paragraph, just like all other essays. It should include a quick summary of the event and what you learned, because that is what you will be proving when you reflect upon the event. • Use first-person narration. Because you are writing about your personal experience, you should write in the first person. While most writing instructors will suggest that students avoid using first-person pronouns, this assignment style does not work without them. You need to clearly show that you were involved in the event and using first-person pronouns will do that for you. This means you can use words like “I” and “me” in the project without being penalized by your instructor. You should still avoid using “you” in this style of essay. • Narration is necessary, but dialogue is not. Since you are writing about an event, you can narrate the story in the assignment. However, you should avoid using dialogue because it will turn the assignment into a story. Most students will tell about the event in chronological order, because that tends to work best for their readers. • Keep the paragraphs focused. Since this is a formal essay and not a piece of fiction, you should follow essay-writing rules. This means that paragraphs should have topic sentences that refer back to the thesis and sentences that support the topic sentence. You should also have a conclusion that wraps up the essay, too. 2019 © BrandineUniversity.org. All rights reserved.
dup, dup2, dup3 - duplicate a file descriptor Current Version: Linux Kernel - 3.80 #include <unistd.h> int dup(int oldfd); int dup2(int oldfd, int newfd); #define _GNU_SOURCE /* See feature_test_macros(7) / #include <unistd.h> The dup() system call creates a copy of the file descriptor oldfd, using the lowest-numbered unused descriptor for the new descriptor. The dup2() system call performs the same task as dup(), but instead of using the lowest-numbered unused file descriptor, it uses the descriptor number specified in newfd. If the descriptor newfd was previously open, it is silently closed before being reused. The steps of closing and reusing the file descriptor newfd are performed atomically. This is important, because trying to implement equivalent functionality using close(2) and dup() would be subject to race conditions, whereby newfd might be reused between the two steps. Such reuse could happen because the main program is interrupted by a signal handler that allocates a file descriptor, or because a parallel thread allocates a file descriptor. Note the following points: If oldfd is a valid file descriptor, and newfd has the same value as oldfd, then dup2() does nothing, and returns newfd. The caller can force the close-on-exec flag to be set for the new file descriptor by specifying O_CLOEXEC in flags. See the description of the same flag in open(2) for reasons why this may be useful. Return Value oldfd isn't an open file descriptor. newfd is out of the allowed range for file descriptors (see the discussion of RLIMIT_NOFILE in getrlimit(2)). (Linux only) This may be returned by dup2() or dup3() during a race condition with open(2) and dup(). (dup3()) flags contain an invalid value. (dup3()) oldfd was equal to newfd. The process already has the maximum number of file descriptors open and tried to open a new one (see the discussion of RLIMIT_NOFILE in getrlimit(2)). Conforming To dup3() is Linux-specific. The error returned by dup2() is different from that returned by fcntl(..., F_DUPFD, ...) when newfd is out of range. On some systems, dup2() also sometimes returns EINVAL like F_DUPFD. If newfd was open, any errors that would have been reported at close(2) time are lost. If this is of concern, then---unless the program is single-threaded and does not allocate file descriptors in signal handlers---the correct approach is not to close newfd before calling dup2(), because of the race condition described above. Instead, code something like the following could be used: / Obtain a duplicate of 'newfd' that can subsequently means that 'newfd' was not open. / tmpfd = dup(newfd); / Handle unexpected dup() error / / Handle dup2() error / referred to by 'newfd' / if (tmpfd != -1) { if (close(tmpfd) == -1) { /* Handle errors from close */ See Also License & Copyright This manpage is Copyright (C) 1992 Drew Eckhardt; and Copyright (C) 1993 Michael Haardt, Ian Jackson. and Copyright (C) 2005, 2008 Michael Kerrisk and Copyright (C) 2014 Michael Kerrisk Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one. Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by Modified 1993-07-21, Rik Faith Modified 1994-08-21, Michael Chastain : Fixed typoes. Modified 1997-01-31, Eric S. Raymond Modified 2002-09-28, aeb 2009-01-12, mtk, reordered text in DESCRIPTION and added some details for dup2(). 2008-10-09, mtk: add description of dup3()
Italian Genealogy: Family Naming Pattern Updated 2019. In Dream of Italy’s recent special report on Italian ancestry & citizenship (available instantly to DOI subscribers), we detailed the steps to take to trace your family tree in Italy. Names, of course, are a key part of the detective work. In our special report, we talked about surnames, or family names, but understanding the way Italian families of the past (and even some present) chose first names can help you sift through documents. First son = often named after father’s father Second son = often named after mother’s father Third son = often named after father First daughter = often named after father’s mother Second daughter = often named after mother’s mother Third daughter = named after mother Also if a child had died, the family often named a new baby after the deceased child. Photo of the Giannini family of Lucca, 1900: Today’s Catholic World
Open main menu Page:The White House Cook Book.djvu/21 This page needs to be proofread. No. 1. Leg, used for roasts and for boiling. No. 2. Shoulder, used for baked dishes and roasts. No. 3. Loin, best end used for roasts, chops. No. 4. Loin, chump-end used for roasts and chops. No. 5. Back, or rib chops, used for French chops, rib chops, either for frying or broiling ; also used for choice stews. No. 6. Breast, used for roast, baked dishes, stews, chops. No. 7. Neck or scrag-end, used for cutlets, stews and meat-pies. Lamb born in the middle of the winter, reared under shelter, and fed in a great measure upon milk, then killed in the spring, is con- sidered a great delicacy, though lamb is good at a year old. Like all young animals, lamb ought to be thoroughly cooked, or it is most un- wholesome. ��
Viewpoint #15 By Nhung Nguyen Recently, the first ever image of a black hole was released. Prior to this, scientists have been able to visualise stars, moons, planets, solar systems, galaxies, and more. This achievement marked a milestone in scientific advancement and general understanding of our universe. The imaged black hole was at the center of another galaxy, 53.49 million light-years from our own. With this image, we have come to grasp something so very distant from our realities. We have the technology to render an image of a distant black hole, yet lack the capacity to understand those that are on these 170 acres. Why strive for the publicity of diversity when we are not equipped to foster the reality of it? Am I fifty-five million light-years away? Does the shape of me resemble a distant galaxy rather than those you are accustomed to viewing? Have you tried to see what is at the core of me? Black holes are a region of spacetime where the gravitational field is so strong that nothing, not even light, can break free. Event horizons are defined as the surface of a black hole and the boundary beyond which nothing is able to escape. I wonder if light attempts to leave the confines of this horizon. Let’s pretend my voice or my light, made so very small, could carry across an unseen threshold, between unmarked margins, and into visibility. I ask myself: How small do I have to make my voice in order to be heard? The irony is evident to me. Then I recall, there is no sound in the vacuum of space. I could scream, even cry, and with no molecules to vibrate, my voice would be left unheard. No voice, no light. It is not that I lack either, but rather there are no adequate conditions in my environment for such to thrive. Despite being called a “black hole,” they are not actually empty. In reality, an immense amount of matter is contained in a relatively undersized area. So full, yet unseen until recently. I will make a home for myself in this place. Always occupy space. Beyond this single image, researchers cannot directly observe black holes. Instead, scientists rely on the inferred evidence of their presence. For example, scientists study black holes by searching for their effect on nearby matter. If a black hole were to come in contact with interstellar matter, the black hole would draw the matter inward. As the matter is attracted towards the black hole, it accelerates and emits detectable x-rays. I am here even if some are incapable of watching me. I pity those that ignore me. Hopefully, you can see the effect of me. I used to try and utilize my voice, but the sound did not reach, so now I hold onto it and display the power of my actions instead. Recognize the evidence. Einstein was one of the early minds to have predicted the existence of black holes. His equations showed that if a dead star’s residual core had a mass three times greater than the mass of the Sun, the force of gravity would produce a black hole. It feels as if your eyes skim over me because I do not share the appearance of your beloved stars. To those that are like me and have to exist in this space: We are what is left when destruction has settled. We rose from it all. At every end, we establish a new dawn. I want them to call us “birth” or “beginning” instead of the typical phrases used to mark us. They could refuse, but between you and me, we can have our own language. In voiceless space, we can find a way to speak through the center of faraway galaxies. When did it come naturally to us to hold everything in? Perhaps at one point, we tried to let light soak through our barriers, but have since forgotten how. Maybe it was a defensive response after they called us “holes” and named us after empty space, a zero. In secret, in darkness, in revolution, we contained and protected our light. Filled with things they refuse to see, for reasons they cannot understand, they label us empty. Little did they know that zeros are a continuous shape that designate every start, commonly used to signify nothingness yet feel like the manifestation of infinity. From Einstein’s theorizing to recent technological advancements, the imagery of a black hole provides evidence of leaps in scientific understanding when sufficient efforts and resources are dedicated towards the goal of expanding our reality, rather than diminishing what we do not know. This scientific achievement calls for the inclusion of unseen “others.” Resources need to be utilized in order to support the diversity this school advertises. Efforts have to made in order to care for the diversity we have recruited and publicized. Traditional institutions should be assessed critically in order to meet the demands of a modern space. While the world rightfully celebrated the accomplishment of expanding our current comprehension of outer space, there is still much work to be done in regards to our own space. Leave a Reply
WATCH: China lands on moon's far side - state media A Chinese lunar rover landed on the dark side of the moon on Thursday, in a global first that boosts Beijing's ambitions to become a space superpower. The Chang'e-4 probe landed at 10:26 Beijing time (02:26 GMT) and sent a photo of the far side of the moon to the Queqiao satellite, which will relay communications to controllers on Earth, state broadcaster CCTV said. The Chang'e-4 lunar probe mission - named after the moon goddess in Chinese mythology - launched last December from the southwestern Xichang launch centre. Unlike the near side of the moon that always faces the earth and offers many flat areas to touch down on, the far side is mountainous and rugged. The Chang'e-4 probe is carrying six experiments from China and four from abroad, and includes low-frequency radio astronomical studies - aiming to take advantage of the lack of interference on the far side. The rover will also conduct mineral and radiation tests, the China National Space Administration said according to state news agency Xinhua.
Two Approaches to Psychology Laboratory rat I'm a dependent variable Boundary Conditions The nature of a science depends upon boundary conditions imposed to study the object of interest, so for example, cell biology establishes boundary conditions at the cell walls and cosmology, at the infinite or not so infinite universe. Likewise, psychology established boundary conditions, but boundary conditions morph depending upon the field of psychology and the purposes of the investigator. This makes comparison among psychological studies extremely problematic. Although the studies are cataloged under the rubric of “psychology”, in fact, the studies belong to different fields of discourse. Hence profound and contradictory findings and results frequently occur within psychology simply due to different boundary conditions. A basic distinction may be made between studies that draw boundary conditions around the body and examine internal biological, physiological, neurological, or mental processes and those studies that include external agents and events. The importance of boundary conditions is found in the theories of Humberto Maturana. He was my colleague with Jerry Hirsch, Hobart Mower, and Heinz von Forester at the Biological Computing Laboratory at the University of Illinois. The “view from within” and the “view from without” are incommensurate. As Maturana argued common visual “illusions” are not illusions when viewed in terms of the dynamic processes that occur in the brain. An illusion can only be judged as an illusion if the observer steps outside the boundaries of the brain to examine the presumed source of the illusion. Inner Processes Studies of inner processes involve internal causality and contingency. The complex nature of internal regulation requires multivariate, systems models of processes. Moreover, inner processes occur in time and so real-time models of systemic change and organization are characteristic features of research. The “internal” psychological disciplines, and those relevant to psychology, are physiology, neurology, cognitive science, and psychoanalysis. With the development of powerful computers, these processes may be modeled through application of algorithms, feedback and feed-forward processes, evolutionary learning, and other mathematical models. These “methods of demonstration” oftentimes require sophisticated mathematics, programming, and application of systems’ theories. The complex interactions observed are characteristic of biological organisms. This is a very different way of thinking, approach to understanding, and worldview than that characteristic of bread-and-butter psychological research. Psychology Often Not About Inner Processes The preponderance of psychological studies simply excludes observation of inner processes and correlates external influences with external responses. The processes of the inner world are treated as contingent upon outer stimuli. Self-organization and internal regulation are not directly “observable” and thereby excluded from dust bowl style, experimental psychology. In consequence, little understanding of inner processes can occur. A variant of this approach reduces inner processes to “cognitions” and “emotions” sorted by a rating scale or evaluated in terms of “true-false” agreement. Studies that employ trivial measures of inner processes, such as rating scales, provide a poor proxy for the inner events. The nature of human nature is imposed by methodological assumptions. Studies of outer processes that impact inner processes largely are inspired by requirements for “operationalization” and experimental research design. Operationalization defines the translation of some variable into terms which may be observed and hopefully quantified. As a student at Purdue University, one of my professors, Victor Dennenberg, “operationalized” anxiety in rats by having his students count little pellets of rat poop termed “bolvi”. The idea here was that the more bolvi, the more anxious the rat. Since bolvi are nearly uniform in size, the professor could quantify anxiety by the number of bolvi. Experimental research design requires that research be cast in terms of independent and dependent variables. Independent variables are manipulated by the experimenter and dependent or outcome variables are observed. Experimental research design was given a great boost by R.A. Fisher who between 1920 and 1930 developed the Analysis of Variance. Fisher developed classic designs to evaluate the role of fertilizers, irrigation, and types of seed on crop yield. During the early 1930s, his method was eagerly embraced by US Agricultural Research Stations, then promulgated from agriculture to psychology. His method became de rigueur throughout the teaching and research of psychology to this day. Dennenberg followed this train and found early stimulation of rats related to less defecation in unfamiliar situations. This type of research where an “outside factor” is related to an “inside factor” is the common coin of psychology today –a psychology by virtue of its methodology that provides simple answers and simple solutions. The method itself discourages deeper probing of self-regulation and adaptation. A little knowledge keeps the knowledge away. For example, rats that are stimulated early may have a lower “set point” for alert attention, and thereby be more at risk in an adverse environment. Associative learning to threats may be less efficient and so on. The point is that we do not understand or model the rat’s dynamic system of internal regulation through studies of contingent behavior to isolated variables. This understanding is available only through conceptual and algorithmic approaches that embrace multiple variables and data points. Sometimes, the difference between research that emphasizes the inner world and research that emphasizes the outer world appears a matter of emphasis –especially given that a research method that developed to optimize crop yields may be applied to observations that reflect inner processes. I agree that sometimes research that arises from systems modeling and straight-ahead, experimental study may be non-contradictory and even point to a common factor, but the difference in these ways of understanding the inner world remains poles apart.
Name (common): Turmeric Botanical name: Curcuma longa Synonyms: Curcumin, curcuma, Indian saffron General description: Turmeric is a herb commonly used in cooking, most notably it is the herb that gives curries their rich yellow colour. Functions and general science: The pigment that gives turmeric it’s vibrant yellow colour is called curcumin. Curcumin is also the main active component in turmeric for which a wide range of benefits are associated with, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Related products:
Từ điển trực tuyến - Online Dictionary English - Vietnamese Dictionary • sự cho vào; (máy tính) lối vào nhận tin • random a. thứ tự chọn ngẫu nhiên Concise Dictionary +the right to enter +a way of entering or leaving +(computer science) the operation of reading or writing stored information +the act of approaching or entering +obtain or retrieve from a storage device; as of information on a computer +reach or gain access to Advanced English Dictionary noun, verb + noun [U] 1 ~ (to sth) a way of entering or reaching a place: The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. + Disabled visitors are welcome; there is good wheelchair access to most facilities. + The police gained access through a broken window. + There is easy access by road. 2 ~ (to sth) the opportunity or right to use sth or to see sb/sth: Students must have access to good resources. + You need a password to get access to the computer system. + access to confidential information + Journalists were denied access to the President. + Many divorced fathers only have access to their children at weekends (= they are allowed by law to see them only at weekends). + verb [VN] 1 (computing) to open a computer file in order to get or add information 2 (formal) to reach, enter or use sth: The loft can be accessed by a ladder. Collocation Dictionary direct, easy, free, good, ready, unlimited, unrestricted I lived deep in the country, without easy access to shops. \| limited, poor, restricted Access to this information is severely restricted. \| improved \| immediate, instant, quick, rapid \| equal Men and women should have equal access to education and employment. \| public \| vehicular, wheelchair \| random (computing) random access memory have \| gain, get \| give (sb), offer (sb), provide (sb with) The new computer provides access to all the files. \| demand \| seek \| allow (sb), grant (sb) \| deny sb, prevent, refuse (sb), restrict Some people are being denied access to proper medical care. road, route ~ for improved access for disabled visitors \| ~ to He was finally granted access to the medical records. Random quote: You can't choose up sides on a round world.: Wayne Dyer Latest queries: analyse, violate, pregnancy, relive, commodities, erode, bulk, context, serial, payee, magazines, guideline, kit, domain, critter, observed, freight, mire, maize, access, Optional: 01/2018:Picture Dictionary Updated: 05/06/2018:List of Academic Words
Grandfathered in a Sentence 🔊 Definition of Grandfathered exempt from a new law or regulation because of an old rule or existing account Examples of Grandfathered in a sentence The minimum employee age was raised from 18 to 21, but those under 21 who were already working at the casino were grandfathered in. 🔊 In 1920, major league baseball outlawed the spitball but grandfathered in some exempted players who had built their careers on the pitch. 🔊 Although the company did away with their unlimited data offers, customers who had been getting unlimited internet were grandfathered into keeping their plans. 🔊 Other words in the Uncategorized category: Most Searched Words (with Video)
News & Events Causes and prevention methods of common defects in castings-Chapter Tree Update:19 Apr 2019 Fourth, cracks (hot cracks, cold cracks) Characteristic […] Fourth, cracks (hot cracks, cold cracks) Characteristics: The appearance of the crack is a straight line or an irregular curve. The surface of the hot crack fracture is strongly oxidized to dark gray or black, no metallic luster, and the surface of the cold crack fracture is clean and has a metallic luster. Generally, the outer crack of the casting can be seen directly, and the internal crack can be seen by other methods. Cracks are often associated with defects such as shrinkage and slag inclusions, which occur mostly in the inner side of the sharp corner of the casting, at the junction of the thick section, and the hot joint where the riser is connected to the casting. Reason for formation: Metal mold casting is prone to crack defects, because the mold itself has no retractability, the cooling speed is fast, and it is easy to cause the internal stress of the casting to increase. The opening type is too early or too late, the pouring angle is too small or too large, and the coating layer is too thin. It is easy to cause cracking of the casting, and it is easy to cause crack when the mold cavity itself has cracks. Control method: 1. Attention should be paid to the structural and structural properties of the castings, so that the parts with uneven wall thickness of the castings are evenly transitioned, and the appropriate rounded corners are used. 2, adjust the thickness of the coating, as far as possible to achieve the required cooling rate of each part of the casting, to avoid the formation of too much internal stress. 3, should pay attention to the working temperature of the metal mold, adjust the mold slope, and timely core cracking, take out the casting slowly. Five, cold separation (poor fusion) Characteristics: The cold partition is a kind of slit or surface with a rounded edge. The middle is separated by the scale, which is not completely integrated. When the cold partition is serious, it becomes “under-cast”. Cold insulation often occurs on the top wall of the casting, a thin horizontal or vertical surface, a thick wall joint or a thin support plate. Reason for formation: 1. The metal mold exhaust design is unreasonable. 2. The working temperature is too low. 3. The quality of the paint is not good (man-made, material). 4. The location of the sprue is improper. 5. The pouring speed is too slow. Control method: 1. Design the runner and exhaust system correctly. 2, large-area thin-walled castings, coatings should not be too thin, appropriate thickening of the coating layer is conducive to molding. 3. Appropriately increase the working temperature of the mold. 4. Adopt the inclined casting method. 5. Casting with mechanical vibration metal mold. Six, sand holes (sand holes) Features: relatively regular holes are formed on the surface or inside of the casting, the shape of which is consistent with the shape of the sand. The sand inlaid on the surface of the casting can be seen when the mold is released. The sand can be extracted from the surface. When multiple sand eyes are present at the same time, the surface of the casting is orange peel. shape. Reason for formation: The sand falling from the surface of the core is surrounded by the copper liquid and forms a hole with the surface of the casting. 1. The surface strength of the sand core is not good, burnt or not fully cured. 2. The size of the sand core does not match the outer mold, and the sand core is crushed when the mold is closed. 3. The mold smashed the graphite water contaminated with sand. 4. The sand that is rubbed off by the ladle and the sand core at the sprue is flushed into the cavity with the copper water. Control method: 1. The sand core is strictly produced according to the process and the quality is checked. 2. The size of the sand core matches the size of the outer mold. 3. The ink should be cleaned up in time. 4. Avoid rubbing the ladle with the sand core. 5. When blowing the sand core, blow the sand in the mold cavity. Obvious article here. Chapter One Chapter Two
Catholic Dictionary A high priest in Jerusalem whose name appears in the biblical Book of Judith. While the frightened Israelites were awaiting invasion by the Assyrian general Holofernes, Joakim suggested that men be posted at certain mountain passes that the Assyrian invaders would have to use (Judith 4:5-7), but his plan was not needed. Judith's coup in killing Holofernes and bringing about a great victory for the Israelites led to a joyous scene in which Joakim hailed Judith: "You are the glory of Jerusalem! You are the great pride of Israel!" (Judith 15:10).
Children's Hospitals Today, Summer 2018 The summer issue of Children's Hospitals Today features articles on safe sleep practices and SIDS prevention, cognitive bias and quality and patient safety strategies. Cover story Wake-up Call: Improving Safe Sleep Practices Thousands of babies still die each year from SIDS. A safe sleep environment, inside and outside the hospital, can prevent these deaths. The Biased Brain Humans make 35,000 decisions each day. How do we know if they're the right ones? Here's a look at cognitive bias and how it can impact decision making in health care. 4 Ideas to Improve Quality and Safety Dedicated teams are overcoming the quality challenges facing their children's hospitals. Here's how. Digital Edition chtsummer2018_cover_smView the latest magazine issue. About CHT
Type A Data Scientist vs. Type B Data Scientist In only 2 years, the role of data scientist has gained traction from various organizations leading to increased employment of data scientists. With the evolution of data scientist roles, organizations are adding structure and detailed definition to the job roles of data scientists so as to make the best of analytics in data science projects. With increasing awareness among organizations on the importance of data science and its related job roles for business growth-understanding the difference between the two broad categories of data scientists is crucial to formulate a successful big data strategy. This will also help prospective data scientists understand where their skills stand and allow them to make a right career choice. The phrase “Who is a Data Scientist” is still in its evolving phase. Data scientists come from various backgrounds and they can be accountants, programmers, mathematicians, business analysts, statisticians, visualization experts, machine learning practitioners, data miners, data engineers, etc. A data scientist from a software programming background can specialize in dozens of different programming languages like Python and R for doing data science. Similarly, data scientists from statistics background can specialize in econometrics, mathematical statistics, biostatistics, business statistics, etc. There is not a single data scientist who knows all of these programming languages and uses all the various methods for analysing organizations’ big data to leverage analytics. It is difficult even for the universities to decide on the curriculum for training data scientists with a broader skillset. Work on Hands on Projects in Big Data and Data Science There are many people who fling around different terms like data analysis, big data, data mining, data science, data scientists and even some of the experts have trouble defining and differentiating between them. In reality, there are several types of data scientists as there are the number of professionals working in the data science domain. However, we elucidate the two broad categories of data scientists who share similar outlooks, methods, skills and responsibilities. Professionals who fall under these two categories of data scientists share a lot of common traits. In this topology of different data scientists, it is necessary to understand the differences between the two –Type A Data Scientist and Type B Data Scientist that bring value to an organization. Type A vs Type B Data Scientist Learn Data Science to pursue a lucrative career in the big data domain Type A Data Scientists The A in ‘Type A Data Scientists’ refers to analysis. These kind of data scientists majorly deal with producing meaningful insights from the big data or rather they work with the data in a static way. The role of a Type A data scientist can be matched to that of a statistician but with vast experience in working with data that is not a core part of the statistics curriculum. A ‘Type A Data scientist’ -works with different methods to handle huge data sets, has in-depth knowledge of a particular domain, and is responsible for data cleaning and so on. Type A data scientists are the most common kind of data scientists that we see around. Type A Data Scientists are the people who have good technical skills required for working on data science projects. They could be predictive modellers, Python or R programming experts, Business Intelligence experts, Statisticians, Machine Learning practitioners, Data miners, etc. These are the data scientists who have in-depth knowledge about their specific subject and can help an organization explore the data using the best methods in their give field. One need not have a Master’s or PhD to become a Type A data scientist. It is also not necessary to be from a statistics background to call himself/herself, a Data Scientist, however some knowledge about statistics is always beneficial. Profile of Type A Data Scientist Type A Data Scientists can be from a mathematics or statistics background. People from a non-quantitative background can also supplement the role of a Type A data scientist. They just need learn various tools like R programming, SQL, SAS, etc. that can help them with number crunching. Must Know -Skills and Tools for Type A Data Scientists Some of the important skills and tools that a Type A Data Scientist needs to know include - R or SAS, SQL, Data Modelling, Data Warehousing, Data Mining, Data Analysis, Reporting and Database Management. Average Salary of Type A Data Scientist The job role of Type A Data Scientists can be related to that of a Data Analyst. According to Glassdoor, the national average salary of data analyst is $62,379 but in San Francisco the average salary of a data analyst is $75,833. Type B Data Scientist The B in Type B Data Scientist refers to building. Type B data scientists share some common statistical grounds with Type A data scientists but they are programming geeks. Type B data scientists mainly work with the big data in production to build models that interact directly with users. The kind of models they build can be serving recommendations for products, listing relevant advertisements based on browsing history, suggesting people who you may know - to add in your friend list, customizing music or movie recommendations, etc. Type B Data Scientists predict the unknown, by asking questions from different perspectives of the business, writing complex algorithms and developing statistical models. Type B data scientists have proficiency in building their own automation tools and frameworks. “Some say a data scientist is a statistician who can program, and data science is statistics on a Mac.”- said famous Mathematician, John D Cook Type B data scientists approach business problems from a different angle. They mainly focus on business goals to identify the kind of data science project they have to work on - to achieve the business objectives with a measurable outcome. Type B data scientists are the go-to-people as they effectively form the communication channel between the business problem and the technical environment required to build models as per business needs. Type B data scientists prioritise findings from the data so that various business units can act on these findings accordingly. The findings can relate to sources from where good data can be captured, verifying business knowledge beliefs, improving the existing business applications or any other process, that helps businesses make better decisions in the future. Type B data scientists are the data science team leaders who have the capability to manage Type A data scientists to ensure that the data science team in an organization is focused on delivering measurable business benefits. Profile of a Type B Data Scientist Type B data scientists can be described as professionals who have statistical and mathematical knowledge along with a taste of hacking skills and possess good substantive expertise. Must Know -Skills and Tools for Type B Data Scientists Some of the important skills and tools for Type B Data Scientists include - expertise in Python and R language, Hadoop, Java, Data Analysis, Object Oriented Programming paradigms, NoSQL, Machine Learning, and Software Development. Average Salary of a Type B Data Scientist According to Glassdoor the average salary of a data scientist is $118,709. Data Science does not just deal with big data. There is a lot that an organization can achieve with data science, without getting involved with big data. Type B data scientists can help organizations focus on the actual data problem without getting impacted by the marketing hype around data science. If you want to become a data scientist then it is necessary to understand the differences between Type A and Type B data scientists to make better career choices and decisions. Want to become a Data scientist? Learn Data Science in Python
Why Imitation Bests Innovation Shenkar's new book in part is an extension of his previous one. Since U.S. is currently the world's big innovator and China is the big imitator, the lesson is clear: in a world where imitation is important, China is "well placed to become more competitive," Shenkar said in an interview. "China is not opposed to imitation. They know how to do it." By contrast, "the U.S. ability to imitate has eroded. But to be successful, you have to learn how to both imitate and innovate." Shenkar makes it clear in his book that he isn't condoning the theft of intellectual property. Rather, what he has in mind is a product, process or business model that can be legally duplicated. The barriers for imitating globally have collapsed with the adoption of the Internet and easier transportation in recent decades. Shenkar also cites executives and reports involving famous companies that you'd think would be big champions of innovation, yet suggest that innovation isn't the end-all, either. Explaining Pfizer 's decision to enter genetic drugs, for instance, David Simmons, general manager of the company's newly formed "established products" business, once said: "We're always about innovation, and it will always be the lifeblood and sustaining element of Pfizer, but we don't see it as the be-all and end-all," Shenkar writes, citing The Wall Street Journal. It's not just in the modern world and in business that imitation has a bad name. Shenkar shows how scientists for a long period derided imitation as "a low-level ability, a behavior typical of the mentally weak and the childish and a process much less demanding than individual trial and error," he says. Nineteenth-century naturalists considered imitation to be "characteristic of women, children, savages, the mentally impaired and animals" who had "little ability to reason for themselves." For all the latest headlines visit Forbes Asia. Eventually, imitation picked up some respectability from scholars. In 1926, Ellsworth Faris, a renowned scholar at that time, was questioning the view of imitation as "a primary instinct." Instead of an inferior and mindless "cheap trick," Shenkar says, imitation came to be recognized as a form of intelligence. Now biologists agree that imitation is essential to evolution, he writes. Business scholars have been left behind, and businesses, especially in the U.S., have lost the ability to gain from imitation, Shenkar says. An example of their thinking is stated by one executive in Shenkar's book: "Where there are elements of parity, if someone has figured out a better way to do something or deliver something, you're gonna use it; you're not gonna feel a need to go out and invent some other way to provide the particular aspect when there are no tangible or perceived consumer benefits." Sounds more like someone from a Chinese company than an American one; but, says Shenkar, it's wisdom from a former executive at Proctor & Gamble. No surprise, then, that it's long been one of the most successful companies in the U.S. For all the latest headlines visit Forbes Asia.
What is Harmony Day? Celebrating Harmony Day What is Harmony Day? The event coincides with the United Nations’ International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. Why do we celebrate Harmony Day? One in three people experiences racism in their workplace. One in five children experiences racism at school. One in five people experiences racism at a sporting event. People experience racism in places they should feel safe and equal. We celebrate Harmony Day to break down the barriers which lead to racist comments and discrimination. We need to respect individuals who have different cultures to our own and learn to embrace our differences. People of different cultures deserve to feel safe in their own home. Australians must demand this for all of our friends, neighbours and visitors. Education about other cultures improves our level of empathy and understanding – increased knowledge of another culture significantly decreases the likelihood of enforcing dangerous stereotypes and discrimination. What can I do to celebrate Harmony Day? Harmony Day is a day to be celebrated. You can celebrate by dressing in the colour orange and you can participate in a scheduled Harmony Day event. You can even hold your own Harmony Day activity. A Taste of Harmony is a fun and easy way to celebrate your workplace’s diversity. Samaritans workplaces are looking forward to participating this year and “taking a seat a the table”. Why not rally your workmates together to host a potluck-style lunch at the office where everyone brings in a dish to celebrate their own cultural heritage. What a delicious way to learn about the different cultures and lifestyles of your colleagues. The most important thing to remember – cultural differences deserve respect. Celebrate Harmony Day and start an open conversation with those around you about the benefits of cultural differences. To learn more about Harmony Day you can visit the official Harmony Day website.
Welcome to Sott.net Wed, 22 May 2019 The World for People who Think Possible culprit identified in decline of honeybees They are among the most sensitive and hardest-working creatures in nature. Ancient navigators of the air, honeybees are guided between hive and flower by the angle and direction of the sun. Their internal clock signals the time of day a particular flower's nectar is flowing. And daily changes in the earth's magnetic cycle alert those in the darkened hive to sunrise and sunset. A mysterious ailment, however, is causing the great pollinators to lose their way home. The disorder, called "colony collapse," has resulted in the deaths of millions of honeybees worldwide and up to half of the 2.5 million colonies in the United States. The chief suspect, say many scientists, is the most commonly used insecticide on the planet: imidacloprid. Giant Squid Return to Southern California Waters They live hundreds of feet below the sea. A formidable predator that can rip its prey to pieces. The giant Humboldt squid have returned to the waters of Southern California, and they're bigger and more plentiful than ever. Fishermen are thankful, but biologists are worried. "I have nearly a thousand dives with these animals and I have been either tested or full out attacked about 80 percent of the time," Scott Cassell said. Cassell has been studying the Humboldt squid for the past 13 years. Negev resident traps leopard who crept into his home Negev resident Arthur Dimosh trapped a Leopard Sunday night after the feline had crept into his bedroom in Sde Boker while chasing a cat. Dimosh awoke from the barking of his dog, to find himself face to face with a leopard. He immediately leapt on the animal, grabbed him by the neck and asked his wife to call the Nature and Parks Authority (NPA). Officials from the NPA arrived shortly after and managed to get the leopard into a cage by first transferring him into a trash bin. Birds, Bees, Frogs: Our vanishing helpers But these dyings-off are happening. They're real. They can't be laughed off with glib sarcasm. No, don't panic - rather, accept these as true harbingers of profound processes in which we play an important role. If we don't heed these warnings, the dyings-off could become dyings-out. Not to say we are the main or the only cause. But human beings and what they do are likely involved. If there's a way we can improve matters, we should - that is, unless we're prepared to do without these wonderful animals and what they give the world. Photographer Mauled by Yellowstone Bear A man whose face was severely mauled by a grizzly in Yellowstone National Park is a photographer and author of books about grizzlies who also had been attacked in 1993. The National Park Service said Jim Cole, 57, was hiking alone, off- trail in prime grizzly habitat Wednesday when he was attacked by a sow with a cub. He apparently was carrying pepper spray but whether he used it was unclear. Cole told rangers he walked two to three miles to seek help. Cole, of Bozeman, Mont., was in fair condition Friday at Eastern Idaho Regional Medical Center in Idaho Falls. He underwent seven hours of surgery Thursday to repair his face. Longtime friend Rich Berman said Cole was unable to speak and was breathing through a ventilator and being fed through a tube. "He's lucky to be alive," Berman said. Earlier Cicada Invasion Spurred by Warmer Spring After 17 years underground, billions of cicadas are about to descend upon the U.S. Midwest, crowding the trees and filling the air with their distinctive mating call. But the usually punctual Brood XIII bugs are emerging about a week ahead of schedule - which has some scientists pondering how a changing climate might alter the cicadas' little-understood life cycle. "The fact that our Aprils are warmer than they have been in the past is apparently encouraging the cicadas to emerge a week or so earlier than they have in the past," said Gene Kritsky, a biologist and cicada expert at the College of Mount St. Joseph in Cincinnati, Ohio. Alligator Captured Near Los Angeles Lake For months, the city's most famous reptile eluded paparazzi and faithful fans who gathered at the edge of a park lake to catch a glimpse of the celebrity alligator. But when "Reggie" decided to come out, the gator did it in true Hollywood style: Swarmed by fans and photographers as it sunned by the water, the reptile was whisked away with a police escort as TV helicopters gave chase and broadcast live footage of the cagey critter's freeway journey to the zoo. "We were petting him, talking to him," said City Councilwoman Janice Hahn, whose district includes the park. "I feel like I know him because I've invested a lot of time and energy in him." Swarm of bees forces passenger plane to land A passenger plane was forced to land after flying into a swarm of British bees Thursday. The Palmair Boeing 737, with 90 passengers on board, had to return to Bournemouth Airport in southern England shortly after take-off following an engine surge. Comment: There have been an unusually high number of bee-related stories appearing in the media over the past few months. Here's an SOTT Focus piece which focuses on this bizarre topic: To Bee or not to Bee Early arrival of butterflies demonstrates impact of climate change Indian tiger numbers far lower than thought-experts Disappearing tigers: ©Signs of the Times Disappearing tigers
History of soybeans The first soybeans arrived in America in the early 1800's as ballast aboard a ship! It wasn't until 1879 that a few brave farmers began to plant soybeans as forage for their livestock. The plants flourished in the hot, humid summer weather characteristic of the northeastern North Carolina. Around 1900 the US Department of Agriculture was conducting tests on soybeans and encouraging farmers to plant them as animal feed. In 1904, the famous American chemist, G. W. Carver discovered that soybeans are a valuable source of protein and oil. He encouraged farmers to rotate their crops with soybeans. To the surprise of farmers, this produced a better crop. In 1929 Morse spent two years researching soybeans in China, where he gathered more that 10,000 soybean varieties. It wasn't until the 1940's that farming of soybeans really took off in America. Although soybeans are native to Southeast Asia, 55 percent of production is in the United States. The US produced 75 million metric tons of soybeans in 2000 of which more than one-third was exported. Other leading producers of soybeans are Argentina, Brazil, China and India. Much of the US production is either fed to animals or exported, though US consumption of soy by people has been increasing. Brazil is expected to become the world's biggest soybean exporter in 2004, displacing the United States from the top seat. Soybeans are one of the crops that are being genetically modified. Since 1997 GMO soybeans are being used in an increasing number of products. There's a lot of controversy around GMO soybeans. However, GMO soybeans have never caused any harm to people. The possible negative aspects of GMO are more of environmental and economic nature: dependence of farmers on a few multinationals and contamination of wild plants. Check Again How much does Monsanto pay you to cover up the truth, because all my tests so far debunked your so called safe eating product for humans. Even though your website provides a good educational history on Soy Beans, it failed horribly on telling the truth about Soy Beans consumption. My father grew Soy beans for 83 years, he died at 104 and not once he eaten it which maybe reason he lived so long... As for me well how to avoid it, today there are many sinister plots to reduce our health by the globalists and such, culling the masses, all our food is infested with this crap and Thank God I no longer eat out or by products that has soy bean added to it. You better do more research and save your dignity before you are ridiculed by the masses...Peace VeggieMan - 17/08/2014 @Kelly & Veggieman, Are you guys serious? You're both sound like, "Omg do ur hwk thats not truu" When in reality, it should be your sorry butts that should be doing the research and getting your facts right. Perhaps you don't actually understand what GMO is? You shouldn't try to correct someone who obviously knows more about the subject than you. Seriously, think before you post Umadbro - 27/09/2014 It's the roundup on the gmo soybean that harms people dummy. glenn - 28/04/2015 History of soybeans Thank you guys with this information it assisted mie to write mie final project Ronald Machekano - 20/10/2015 history of soybean Thanks for helping me with my soybean project. Jack - 19/04/2016 GMO Anything How can anything that has been genetically modified be healthy? Man is always trying to change what God designed. It's increasingly difficult to find virgin seeds of most vegetation because the government has modified them to not produce more seeds that will reproduce! Dianne - 30/11/2016 Phyto Estrogen The real problem of soybeans is NOT how it is modified or produced. The real problem of soy beans is that is is a phytoestrogen. The over consumption of this hormone causes many health problems for both men & women. It was meant for ANIMAL food, not human food. Mary - 20/06/2017 Loved this article I see y'all are getting some hear about soy beans but I read your article and it's not recommending one to eat it . You are simply informing us of the history which wasn't as long as I thought it would be (like the other articles online) but that's what I love about it. I mean who has the time to read the longest article about the history of soy bean? That's why I love this article, it's also accurate and it's helped me write my article about soy. So thank you for this and sorry on the behalf of the people shooting you down for such great content. -from one writer to another. Keep up the good work! Sabrina Banks - 21/07/2017 Be thankful! Eat organic, including organic soy and soy milk and you will be fine. Thank God for everything. Maggie - 22/11/2017 thank you gyz for yo help um now able to write my final project for my A lvl stndrd tobbias musariri - 26/11/2017 a fact very few people actually know, 10mg/kg of vitamin d is toxic to humans, while 5600mg/kg of glyphosate (round up) is toxic. Meaning glyphosate is 560x safer than vitamin d for a human being to ingest. GMO's were created for plant vigour and additional weed control. The hybrid varieties use less fertility, are better adapted to our changing climate, use less water, and help farmers fight off disease pressures. GMO's are truly a blessing for the industry. The GMO varieties also provide bigger yields, meaning more of the world's people can eat at the end of the day. An organic crop yields far lower than a GMO crop, and land used to grow GMO's contains better performance due to lack of weed competition. Glyphosate was considered a "probable carcinogenic" by the WHO (world health organization) when the active ingredient was first tested. Its now over a decade later and the WHO tested glyphosate again, and found it not a carcinogenic. -A knowledgeable farmer who PROUDLY grows GMO's sydney dk - 12/02/2018 There will be consequences in the future for manipulating and perverting the way seeds and land were designed to be used and stewarded. We are foolish do deny the already obvious consequences, our country is in a health crisis. Jake - 07/04/2018 Science Says.... There are pros and cons but phytoestrogens mimics BPA, which is not good. Like all things its seems in moderation its benefits can be helpful and the cons are minimized. Valentine - 17/04/2019 Genectically Modified Organism = Science kills again. In 1997 GMO Soy hit the markets. 22 years later testosterone levels in m/f generations never peak (trying to avoid soy now... impossible). 10mg of soy reduce testosterone by 1% in humans. Estrogen overdose affects sex function, mood, memory and drive. Also the mice in the study colored their fur red, blue and pink then cooked and ate the males (last part not true... but why so serious?). Jo Kerson - 22/04/2019 Add your comment Email (optional) Fill in anti-spam code 5955
Brain-Computer Interface - ECLT - Università di Pavia Go to content Brain-Computer Interface A new study in Nature reports that two paralyzed persons are able to control a robotic arm directly with their brain activity, in order to reach and grasp objects. The device is the BrainGate neural interface system and was developed by scientists and engineers of the Brown University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Veterans Affairs and German Aerospace Centre. The project aims to transform the thought into action. Using the BrainGate, the woman, paralyzed for 15 years, is able to control the arm, grasp a bottle with coffee and bring it to her mouth in order to drink. The components of the BCI are: a sensor implanted in the brain which reads her thoughts, a decoder which records the brain activity and transforms it in a command, and an assistive technology (in this case a robotic arm, but in previous studies it was a cursor on a display. Of course, move a robotic arm is more complicated than move a cursor, because the arm is 3D and can grasp objects). The research shows that brain signals can bring multidimensional information, also movement information, even after years of paralysis. The final goal is to make the device suitable for communicating signals directly in limbs of disabled persons, in order to reactivate the parts of the human body without having to use robotic mechanisms. A video of the experiment Back to content
Watch NASA's 'Blue Collar' Mars Rover in Action Oct 2 2016, 7:00pm Image: YouTube/NASAKennedy. When people head out on road trips on Earth, they don't usually load up their cars with the exact amount of fuel they are going to need for the journey. When voyaging to space, however, packing the right volume of propellant means the difference between success and failure, because there's no way to refill the gas tank once you're off the planet. That why NASA is working on a new rover concept called the Regolith Advanced Surface Systems Operations Robot (RASSOR, pronounced "razor"). The agency hopes to overcome the bothersome weight constraint imposed by propellant by mining the surfaces of alien worlds for valuable resources like water, oxygen, and rocket fuel components. If these materials could be harvested on site instead of being frontloaded into launches, it would vastly reduce the weight and price of interplanetary missions. Currently in development at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida, RASSOR represents a major shift in rover design from delicate scientific laboratories, like the Mars Curiosity rover. Check out how it rolls in this new video—appropriately entitled "Dust to Thrust"—released by KSC on Friday. Pretty metal, no? The rover's digging bucket wheel drums rotate in opposite directions in order to excavate surface soil while also creating traction. In this particular test, the prototype was paired up with MARCO POLO/Mars Pathfinder spacecraft and put through a series of drills in which it gathered soil and deposited it into a mock oven to be processed. "This is not your typical NASA rover with lots of very sophisticated instruments on it that are quite fragile," explained Rob Mueller, a senior technologist at KSC's Surface Systems, in a 2013 NASA video on RASSOR. "This is actually a very tough little robot. it can dig, it can climb, it can flip over. If it does flip over, it can right itself up again." Early RASSOR prototype climbs over stairs. Image: NASA On top of this maneuverability, RASSOR will have to travel five times faster than Curiosity, endure 16-hour shifts for several years at a time, and haul back 40 pounds of surface soil with every prospecting trip. For this reason, NASA has recommended thinking of it as "a blue collar robot." I guess this means that Curiosity and its kin are the elite intelligentsia robots? Let's hope we are not seeding any class tensions between our robotic explorers. In any event, amidst a news cycle dominated by Elon Musk's lofty vision of human space colonization, RASSOR is a great demonstration of real technologies that could help the first interplanetary settlers to live off the land.
Stop Thinking. Stop Pondering. Stop Strategizing. Stop Debating. Start Doing. Analysis- detailed examination of the elements or structure of something, typically as a basis for discussion or interpretation. (Google Dictionary) Argumentative- using or characterized by systematic reasoning. Citation- a quotation from or reference to a book, paper, or author, especially in a scholarly work.(Google Dictionary) Civic Literacy- Knowledge surrounding the civil affairs(politics, policy, and governance) of a community. (Ch. 9 Textbook) Curate- To act as curator of (a museum, exhibits, etc.); to look after and preserve.(oed.com) Digital Literacy- is the ability to use information and communication technologies to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information, requiring both cognitive and technical skills. (connect.ala.org/node/181197) Ethnography- A type of community-based research where researchers study and record information related to human culture. (Ch. 9 Textbook) Expository- intended to explain or describe something. (Google Dictionary) Finding Aid- The process of evaluating data using analytical and logical reasoning to examine each component of the data provided. Iconic/Icon (From Ch. 7)- An Icon is a person or thing(usually an image) that is used to represent something else.(Textbook) Identifier-a person or thing that identifies something. (Google Dictionary) Lexicon (From Ch. 7)- A collection of words and their definitions or the vocabulary of a particular field. (Textbook) Material Culture- refers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture.(Material Culture, Sophie Woodward) Medium(From Ch. 7)- Medium is the plural form of Media.(Textbook) Metadata- a set of data that describes and gives information about other data.(Google Dictionary) Prownian Analysis- the first part of what has become known as the “Prownian Method,” a means of identifying, analyzing and categorizing objects in Historical Archaeology. ( mnmalone.wordpress.com/prownian-analysis/) Tagging- To label (an item of data) in order to identify it for subsequent processing or retrieval. (Oed.com) Thesis- a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved. (Google Dictionary) Thick Description- The way of providing cultural context and meaning that people place on actions, words, things, etc.(cognitive-edge.com/blog/the-thick-and-thin-of-it/)
4 things to know about Equal Pay Day This April 4 marks Equal Pay Day, aka the date that illustrates how much longer a woman would have to continue working into 2017 in order to make as much money as a man did in 2016. Nationally, women who hold full-time, year-round jobs in the United States are paid 80 cents for every dollar paid to men. The National Committee on Pay Equity picked April 4th because it symbolizes how far into the year women must work to earn what their male colleagues earned in the previous year. Women make up 57 percent of the work force. "Entire communities, states and our country suffer because lawmakers have not done almost enough to end wage discrimination or to advance the fair and family friendly workplace policies that would help erase the wage gap". The Paycheck Fairness Act would increase transparency about salary information, ensure that women can access remedies available for other forms of wage discrimination, and allow victims to receive compensatory and punitive damages. The gap is also narrower than the national average in New Hampshire, New York, Connecticut, and New Jersey. US Senate lets states defund 'abortion' clinics The vast majority of votes for the legislation were from men, who make up 80 percent of the 115th Congress. Yesterday's Senate vote took place just one week after the Republican plan to modify Obamacare failed. Protesters at rally for equal pay for equal work in Fort Lauderdale, Florida on March 14. Salary history: Women may be hired at lower starting salaries than their male peers because an employer bases those decisions on the pay earned at the applicant's last job, perpetuating prior inequalities. Black women make 37 percent less and Hispanic women are paid 46 percent less than whites. The bad news? The gap for Black and Latina women in NY is much worse (66 cents on the dollar for Black women and 56 cents for Latinas). "This is really not just a woman's issue, it's a family issue". For one out of every ten job openings we analyzed, companies offered men salaries that were at least 20% higher than those they offered to women. Rep. Salud Carbajal, D-Santa Barbara, recognized Equal Pay Day on Tuesday and co-sponsored the Paycheck Fairness Act, legislation that would strengthen the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and guarantee women can challenge pay discrimination. Equal Pay Day is also always on a Tuesday. • Michelle Webb
Frequently Asked Questions About the Jordan-Cove LNG Project: What is the Jordan Cove LNG Project? The Jordan Cove project is a proposal to transport fracked gas from the Rockies and Canada across southern Oregon to Coos Bay where it will be turned into liquefied natural gas (LNG) at the Jordan Cove terminal, put on large tankers and sent overseas. A 36-inch gas pipeline called Pacific Connector would travel 232 miles from Malin to Coos Bay crossing Klamath, Jackson, Douglas and Coos counties. What is LNG? LNG stands for liquefied natural gas which is made primarily of methane gas. Methane gas is liquefied solely for the purpose of transportation and shipping. It is liquefied by being cooled at temperatures of -260 degrees Fahrenheit and takes up 1/600th of the volume that gas does in its natural state. ( Who is proposing this project? Jordan Cove is being proposed by the Canadian gas company Veresen, and Pacific Connector is a joint venture of Veresen and Williams, an American pipeline company. (Jordan Cove Energy and Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline Project 2014 DEIS Executive Summary, ES – 1). Where will the gas come from? Gas would be drawn from shale and conventional gas fields using the method of hydraulic fracturing or “fracking” in Canada and the Rockies. (Whitepaper: Analysis of the EIA Export Report ‘Effect of Increased Natural Gas Exports on Domestic Energy Markets’ 1/19/2012 Prepared for the Jordan Cove Energy Project, L.P. pg.1-7) Won’t gas exports raise our rates at home? Yes. Exporting natural gas would cause domestic gas prices to compete on the world market, raising our natural gas prices by an estimated 25% and threatening U.S. jobs where factories depend on natural gas. The Department Of Energy has determined up to 1.2 million manufacturing jobs would move overseas. (Department of Energy NERA Study, 12-3-12). How will private landowners be impacted? Approximately 157 miles of the 232-mile pipeline would cross private property. There are 704 affected landowners on or adjacent to the proposed facilities and routes. Many of these landowners will be threatened with the use of eminent domain for the pipeline right of way. Landowners will be offered a small, one time payment for the use of their property, while they will lose access and endure limitations on that right of way for things like planting crops, building structures, the use of heavy equipment, and the clearing of all brush and trees. (Jordan Cove Energy and Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline Project 2014 DEIS at ES-5, Appendix A, pg’s A-11, A-20). How will this project impact our climate? A recent article in the Oregonian shows that the Jordan Cove project, if built, would quickly become the largest source of carbon pollution in the state after the Boardman Coal plant shuts down in 2020. Jordan Cove’s power plant would produce 2.1 million metric tons of CO2 a year. In addition to direct power plant emissions, methane leakage at drill sites may bring that total to 57 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent per year. ( Will public lands be impacted? Approximately 75 miles of the pipeline would cross public Forest Service and BLM lands. The pipeline would create a linear, 95-foot wide clear-cut, and in doing so, would degrade and fragment forest habitat for endangered species, increase erosion, cut forests in old-growth reserves and riparian reserves. Forest plans for these lands currently do not allow such harm to our public resources for pipeline construction. As a result, the Forest Service and BLM are in the process of rewriting their management plans so as to allow for pipeline development. (Jordan Cove Energy and Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline Project 2014 DEIS at ES-5 and 2-84). Will Jordan Cove create jobs? Jordan Cove claims it will create 150 permanent jobs at the terminal while temporary construction job numbers would average around 900. However, it is unclear as to whether these jobs will be sourced locally or if workforces will be sourced from out of state. Meanwhile, increases in our natural gas prices here at home will impact local businesses and has the potential to send our manufacturing and jobs overseas. Job loss will also occur in fisheries, oyster farms, tourism and more in the Coos Bay area due to the degradation of habitat and natural resources that these jobs depend upon. Recent studies have found that for every $1 million dollars invested in renewable energy development, 17 jobs are created which is more than three times as many as the 5 created for fossil fuel investments. (Jordan Cove Energy and Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline Project 2014 DEIS at 4-786). ( How are water resources and salmon impacted? The proposed Pacific Connector pipeline would cross 400 bodies of water in the Coos, Coquille, Umpqua, Rogue and Klamath watersheds. These crossings would require extensive riparian clearing that would reduce shade increasing water temperatures in streams that already violate temperature standards for salmon and other cold-water fish. Construction of the pipeline would cause increased sedimentation in streams and rivers, which impacts fish and their habitat. Many of the streams and rivers that the pipeline would cross are home to native salmon that are in many cases already facing extinction. The amount of material that would be dredged out of the Coos Bay estuary and removed from streams is over 6 million cubic yards and would fill the Rosebowl stadium in Pasadena nearly 15 times! (Jordan Cove Energy and Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline Project 2014 DEIS at 2-26). Are there endangered species that will be threatened? The project would impact 32 federally endangered or threatened species, including Coho salmon, marbled murrelet, northern spotted owl, six species of whale and four species of sea turtle. Extensive dredging for the terminal construction in the Coos bay estuary would have an enormous impact on sensitive estuarine habitats and marine species. (Jordan Cove Energy and Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline Project 2014 DEIS, 5-14, 5.17). Who authorizes the project? There are a huge number of approvals the companies would need to acquire at the federal, state and county levels. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is the lead federal agency to evaluate the proposal. The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and Department of State Lands will process applications for the use of state lands, impacts to water bodies and the dredging proposal at Coos Bay. The Oregon Department of Energy, Oregon Water Resources Department, Forest Service, BLM, US Fish and Wildlife Service, NOAA Fisheries, US Department of Energy, and US Army Corps of Engineers all have roles to play in evaluating, granting, or denying the necessary permits for the project. (Jordan Cove Energy and Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline Project 2014 DEIS, pg’s 1-2, 1-12, 1-17, 1-18). How safe is this project? We are seeing more and more that fossil fuel exports are not safe. Over the last year alone, the Williams Company has had four gas infrastructure explosions in the US, injuring workers and evacuating towns. Much of the Pacific Connector pipeline is proposed to travel through rural areas using much lower safety standards for the pipeline than in more populated areas. Senator Ron Wyden has even addressed safety concerns about the project and that they need to be thoroughly addressed. ( ( Please follow and like us:
life without the bill of rights essay are not slandering anybody. And so on down the list: The fourth centers on timely notifications in the case of breaches. Everybody is different, and we all see reli gion differently. You can do that, too. This is a 15-year fight, but I do not think tech is immediately primed against it and Congress people profile essay is more willing to be strong on regulation, he told. Freedom of religion supports the right for people to practice any religion of choice in public or private. The first ten amendments to the US constitution are called the Bill of Rights because they provide basic legal protection for individual rights. Because of First Amendment issues, and also to prevent anyone from removing information that is merely critical,. Khanna noted that this requirement must be fulfilled in a way that is not onerous consumers shouldnt have to click on something affirming their consent every time data is collected, for example. Lgbt essay conclusion, Short essay on india pak relations, There important elements of a thesis statement are some limits to this, though, such as libel, slander, obscenity and incitement to commit a crime. APA, mLA, chicago, bill of rights. From the perspective of two centuries, it can be said that Madison chose well among they pyramid of proposal sin the state. Virginias declaration, drafted mainly by George Manson, served as the model both for similar state documents and for the US Bill of Rights. Seven of the thirteen states adopted constitutions that included specific bills of rights. Freedom of assembly, sometimes known as freedom of association, is the right to gather together and express, promote, pursue or defend a common interest amongst the people. In Europe, this idea has manifested as the controversial right to be forgotten laws, which wouldnt fly here. This is done by collecting signatures to show that people agree with the problem that is proposed. The sixth calls for making net neutrality a law rather than a regulation that gets Ping-Ponged every time a new administration takes office. Using appendix in essay Maradona essay Penn essay 2015
A Paste with a Taste Birdseed Mining Cookie Mining Exploring Energy with GIS Geoscientists, energy researchers, and others in numerous careers and disciplines use GIS and its integrative nature to tackle these issues. You can, too. Investigating Water Use in Your Home Water is often called a renewable resource, but what does that really mean? Is water an unlimited resource? What happens to water after we use it? This investigation will help you understand exactly how much water you use in your home and how you can keep from wasting water. If many people are participating in this investigation, work in small groups of 3-5. Before you begin, think about all the ways water is used in your home. How much water do you and your family use at home everyday? Record your thoughts and share them with others. Make a list that combines everyone’s uses of water in their homes. Traveling Nitrogen Nitrogen is an element that is found both in living things and the nonliving parts of the Earth system. In this classroom activity, students play the role of nitrogen atoms traveling through the nitrogen cycle to gain understanding of the varied pathways through the cycle and how nitrogen is relevant to living things. Wash This Way! Subscribe to MS-ESS3-4
Vascular Health: what you need to know about stroke Every 7 minutes, someone in Canada dies from a stroke. This number is too high as 80% of strokes can be prevented. Keep reading to learn how to decrease your risk of having a stroke. What is a stroke? A stroke is a disruption of blood flow within the brain. Another term for a stroke is a “brain attack”. Blood flow in the brain can be disrupted in two ways. 1) A blockage (blood clot or cholesterol build up) – an ischemic stroke 2) A bleed—a hemorrhagic stroke What is a mini-stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)? A mini-stroke or TIA is a warning that must be taken seriously. When someone has a TIA, they experience one or a number of the signs of stroke. However, these signs disappear in a few minutes or hours. This is a warning that a full blown stroke could occur within a few minutes or up to a year away. What are the risk factors for stroke? There are two different types of risk factors for stroke: those you can change and those you can’t. Factors you can’t change are your age and gender. As you age your risk of heart disease and stroke increases. Men over 55 and postmenopausal women are at greater risk for heart disease. Risk Factors that you can con-trol are: • High blood pressure (hypertension) – #1 risk factor • High blood sugar (diabetes) • High cholesterol • Obesity • Alcohol Consumption • Lack of exercise • Smoking • Stress Choosing a healthy lifestyle is key to preventing the development of heart disease and stroke. Following Canada’s food guide and getting 30 minutes of exercise a day are both ways to be heart smart. If you have been diagnosed with high blood pressure, blood sugar or cholesterol it is imperative that these conditions are tightly controlled to reduce your risk of having a stroke Many stroke survivors recover after therapy and rehabilitation. However 25% are left with minor disabilities while 40% are left with moderate to severe disabilities. Long term complications of stroke include muscle weakness, pain and spasticity. These complications can drastically affect ones ability to carry out normal daily activities such as walking or getting dressed. There are two emergency therapies that are used to treat stroke: 1. A clot busting drug called “TPA” which must be administered within 3 hours of a person experiencing a stroke. 2. Surgery can be used to open up blocked arteries or to remove blood that has pooled in the case of a bleed. Once a person is stabilized, medications to treat blood pressure, cholesterol and prevent blood clots will be administered lifelong. A stroke survivor will also undergo intensive rehabilitation to help them regain brain and muscle function. What are the signs of a stroke? The signs of a stroke usually come on suddenly and include one, some or all of the following: • WEAKNESS OF MUSCLES, typically on one side of the body • CONFUSION and DIFFICULTY SPEAKING or understanding speech • HEADACHE that is sudden and severe • LOSS of VISION in one or both eyes, even if temporary • Trouble walking, DIZZINESS and lack of coordination What should you do if you or someone you know experiences signs of a stroke? Call 9-1-1. A stroke is a medical emergency. Like a heart attack, the faster a stroke is treated, the more likely a person is to survive. If ANY of the symptoms listed are experienced for ANY duration of time call 9-1-1. There is a 3 hour window in which treatment can be administered. Ensure your risk of experiencing a stroke is as minimal as possible today! Ask your pharmacist or doctor today to assess your heart health or visit to take their online assessment. Top of Page
United States The United States Navy in World War II Participants in World War II Japanese POWs in Allied Camps The cultural difference between the western notion of an honorable surrender and the Japanese notion of fight to the death was a big contribution to the ferocity of the Pacific War. The Japanese-American Internment, 1942-1946 Surrender of Germany, May 1945 Casualties of World War II Allied POWs in Japanese Camps Australian British Dutch American (ABDA) Command The rapid advance of the Japanese stunned even them. Their advance - formed by superior equipment, training, tactics, and in some cases, numbers - left the Allies confused and in disarray. Subscribe to RSS - United States
Origin: Scottish Meaning: a Scottish surname from given name Blaan meaning “yellow”. Variants: Blain, Blayn, Blayne Origin: English, Germanic, Gaelic/Scottish, Turkish Meaning: from Latin baca meaning “berry”, originally referring to the berries of a bay tree. As a surname it comes from Old English Beaga (m) and Beage (f) which mean “garland”, “crown” and “treasure thing”. Bay is also an English word referring to an area of water bordered by land on three… Eretria, Eritrea Origin: Greek Meaning: the Italian and Spanish form of Greek Porphyrios, derived from Greek porphyra meaning “purple dye”. Porfiria is the feminine form of the name. Variants: Porphyrios (Ancient Greek); Porphyry (Greek); Porfiry (Russian) Origin: English, Irish Meaning: a medieval English feminine form of Julian, derived from Julius, which either means “downy-bearded” or else is related to Jupiter, composed from elements dyeus meaning “shine” or “sky” and pater “father”. It’s also an Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Gileáin meaning “son of Gileán”, the latter derived from personal name Gealán, a diminutive of geal meaning… Origin: Welsh Meaning: from Welsh elements teg “fair,” or “beautiful” and gwen “blessed”. Origin: Anglo-French, Latin, Persian Meaning: used to describe the color of the sky on a clear day, “sky blue”. It’s also another name for lapis lazuli. From Middle English asur from Anglo-French azeure ultimately from Persian lāzaward (لاجورد). Variants: Azura, Azurite Origin: English Meaning: an elaboration of Amber influenced by Kimberly. Amber is from Arabic ‘anbar(عنبر), referring fossilized tree resin, while the -lee or -ley ending is from Old English meaning “clearing” or “grove”. However, it also has a long history as a surname. Although the origins are unclear, from what I could find it could be an occupational name… Origin: Greek Meaning: rainbow ( Ιρις ) In Greek mythology, Iris is the goddess of the rainbow and the messanger of the gods. Iris is also the name of a genus of flowers as well as being a color referring to shades ranging from blue-violet to violet. Iris is also a term used to describe the… Origin: English, Spanish, French Meaning: derived from Spanish (piedra de) ijada meaning “colic stone” or “(stone of the) flank” relating to the belief that jade could protect the kidneys and intestines from disease. Jade is believed to symbolize purity, wisdom, justice, loyalty, sincerity and truth Variants: Jayde, Jada, Giada (Italian), Jaida, Jayda Origin: Greek Meaning: Latinized form of Okeanos meaning “river, ocean” ( Ωκεανος ) Oceanus was the Titan believed to be the personification of the sea Variants: Okeanos Origin: Cornish Meaning: iris Pinterest Origin: Greek ( Γαλατεια ) Meaning: goddess of calm seas from galene γαλήνη (calm, gentle sea) or milky white from gala γάλα (milky white) Though there are a few Galateas in Greek mythology, the most famous one I know is Pygmalion and Galatea. Pygmalion was a sculptor who carved such a beautiful figure out of ivory that…
What is whiteboard animation? What is whiteboard animation? A whiteboard animation, sometimes called a doodle-video, or whiteboard doodle, is effectively, a series of sketches that, are, usually… • develop in front of the viewer – sometimes appearing to be ‘hand-drawn’ • on a white background • are minimal in colour, usually black and white, with perhaps one additional accent / brand colour • use a voiceover This type of communication has grown in popularity over the last decade and are now widely used in marketing, communication and advertising. Advantages of whiteboard animation The advantages of using whiteboard animation for business are numerous. First and foremost, video is considerably more engaging than written text alone. When it comes to whiteboards, simple images appear sequentially and accompanied by a professionally written script and/or voiceover, it’s content is much more likely to be retained by the viewer. Secondly, they offer a way to clearly and concisely communicate a specific message, deliver instructions or talk through a strategy in a step-by-step, visual way. It’s the visuals that are important here; through images, we can communicate much more in a minute than we can simply by speaking. Take this case study as a real-life manifestation of the two points above: Psychologist Professsor Richard Wiseman conducted a study whereby he asked 1,000 people to watch two different kinds of short films. 500 participants watched Film 1: was a person (aka a “talking head”) delivering information. 500 participants watched Film 2: a whiteboard animation with a voiceover delivering the same information. The results? The majority of participants preferred the whiteboard animation, they were more willing to share it and they remember 15% more information that those who watched the “talking head” film. Do whiteboard animations work? Well, of course, it depends what you mean by “work”, but we do know that; they are more memorable, they are shared more widely, they drive sales, conversions and web traffic. Take this explainer video by Dropbox, at the time, a unique and innovative product, that understandably needed some explanation to encourage sign ups. This video increased conversion rates by some 3%. Whiteboard animations can be used for a range of reasons, but typically we see clients using them to: • explain a new product or service to customers or potential customers • explain a strategy or plan to colleagues • to launch a new business, to make the case for investment into a new business If you’re wondering whether whiteboard animation could be for your business, give us a call, we’d be happy to talk you through your options!
• Blog > • GERD: Restore pH Balance RSS Feed GERD: Restore pH Balance Let's consider some of the underlying causes of GERD; because once we understand them, we can develop effective interventions. One of the biggest problems is gas and pressure caused by fermenting undigested food. The GI system is designed to have one way valves that restrict digested chyme from traveling from south to north. Ideally, the changes in pH should look like this: the mouth should be alkaline, the stomach acidic, the small intestine alkaline and the bowel acidic. Lack of hydrochloric acid results in protein putrification and carbohydrate fermentation which results in the formation of acids and sulfur compounds that burn the stomach and other tissues. Gas and pressure from fermentation cause one way valves and /or sphincters to malfunction. The differences in pH are to restrict or contain bacteria and enzymes into the areas where they were designed to function. Recently, Dr. Abbas Qutab shared how a young girl was virtually "cured" of rheumatoid arthritis at age 23 by eradicating dislocated bacteria with the emulsified oregano product ADP. Aberrant or displaced bacteria give off toxins and gas as part of their metabolism. The toxins can be a major stimulant of the chemical messengers called cytokines that turn on and off inflammation. The gas on the other hand can cause pressure. We all know the odoriferous effects if the pressure forms at the lower end of the bowel. But if that pressure is expressed at the upper end of the bowel meaning the stomach or small intestine, the one way values that are designed to separate pH, enzymes and fluids become weak allowing contents to mix into the wrong landscape. Gastric ulcers were often caused by a "floppy" or "spongy" pyloric valve. The pyloric valve should open one way and only let the acidic chyme go into the small intestine where it would be alkalized with bicarbonate from the pancreas and bile. The "pH" in the stomach around 1.5-2.0 should change to 8 to 8.5 in the small intestine. The tissue in the stomach was designed for that acidic climate. But if the mildly alkaline fluids flush back north into the stomach due to a "spongy" or "floppy" valve, it can be very caustic to the stomach tissue. By the same token, if the lower esophagus sphincter that separates the esophagus from the stomach is compromised, the acidic chyme will burn the esophageal tissue. What forces one way valves to open the wrong way? Gas or pressure from undigested food or unwanted bacteria. Dr. Qutab shared an effective protocol for GERD which centers on reducing gas and fermentation, and then healing tender tissues. First, stop eating the foods that are fermenting and causing pressure. Next, make sure the food that is eaten is digested. Utilize a product called Bromelain Plus CLA a vegetable based enzyme that works in a broad pH range. Also, make sure the pH of the small intestine is not suitable for the overgrowth of yeast or bacteria that may live in the large bowel by enhancing healthy bile production. Healthy bile production also reduces putrification of fats and oils again reducing gas and pressure. Use Beta-TCP which contains organic beets, taurine, vitamin C and pancreatic enzymes. The next step of his protocol is to use Gastrazyme to put out the oxidative fires and heal the tissues. But here is the uniqueness of the program. Use a higher dose of Gastrazyme until the stool turns green. The green stool is an objective marker showing that the GI tract has absorbed as much chlorophyll as it can. Then reduce to 3-4 tablets, three times a day for 30 days. Dr. Qutab shared that he has gone as high as 10 tablets, three times a day, for a few weeks until the desired color and effect is achieved. This is a short term process to heal the stomach and surrounding tissues. Once the stomach has been healed, you might need hydrochloric acid for digestion (HCL-Plus, HCL-Ease, Hydrozyme or Betaine Plus HCL). Hydrochloric acid does not have a tendency to burn the stomach. Not enough healthy acid results in the production of other acids that "do" burn the stomach. The use of scripted or over-the counter pharmaceuticals further reduces the production of hydrochloric acid. It's a vicious cycle and can only be broken if we realize that hydrochloric acid is an essential component of digestion.
Plastic pollution: Giant barrier to clean up eastern Pacific Every year millions of tonnes of plastic waste flow into seas around the world. Now, for the first time, there is going to be an attempt to get into the middle of the Pacific Ocean to try to clean it up. But there still concerns about its environmental impact. The BBC’s Science Editor David Shukman explains.
Politics Magazine On Irritable People Posted on the 27 September 2016 by Calvinthedog It’s no secret that depressives often cover up their depression with other things. The depression is usually covered up by anger, but the person doing this usually denies that they are even angry! They say they are “tired” or that you are annoying them. They’re fine. It’s you that is pissing them off. If only you will go away, then they will be fine. But there is no way to get along with a person like this. The irritable person is using you as their punching bag. There’s no way to act good enough so they quit beating you up. And if you go away, they will just go find someone else to beat up on. It is as if these people are giant insects with foot-long antennae twitching out at the world. These antennae are scouring the world looking for things to get pissed off about. Predictably, they find them everywhere because the world is full of things to get mad about if you are so inclined. If this person were in a good mood, most of these things would not even bother them, but they can’t see that. Because they are irritable, all this stuff they would have waved off before is now setting them off like volcanoes. The truth is that in most cases there are no inherently irritating or infuriating things in the world. These things are simply objects or scenarios that have little particular meaning. The irritable person experiences these things as irritating due to their internal irritable nature. So most of these things are only irritable such that the irritable person is making them be annoying. Most of these things lack real labels. They are whatever people experience them to be. The irritable person is sort of putting “tags” labeled “irritating” on these things, but many of these things most other folks would find either not bothersome, or something to be ignored, or even pleasant. The irritable person is certain that his anger is coming from outside of him. But it’s usually not. Usually it is coming from inside of the irritable person himself who is projecting their anger out at the world onto other objects which then reflect back to the angry person like a mirror does. But don’t ever tell an angry person that their anger is from inside them and that there’s nothing wrong with the world, and instead there is something wrong with them. They will explode with rage. Well, how did you think they would act? Anger is a defense after all. Back to Featured Articles on Logo Paperblog
• Order now Toll-Free Numbers Call me back Live Support Free «Analysis of the Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne» Essay Sample The Scarlet Letter is a romantic novel that was written in 1850 by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The story commences in Boston in the 17th century with Prynne’s condemnation and humiliation by the Puritan community for adultery. She is forcefully marched through the market place carrying her baby in her arms plus a scarlet letter “A” on her breast. A man within the crowd mentions to an old onlooker that Prynne is being reprimanded for committing adultery. Roger Chillingworth, Prynne's husband, seemed to have been lost at sea on his way to Boston. While Prynne waits for him, she falls in love with Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale, and their extra marital affair leads to the birth of their daughter Pearl. When asked to reveal her lover’s identity, she declines to talk, and consequently, the townspeople compel her to wear the scarlet letter on her bosom all the time as punishment for her secrecy and sin. This paper analyzes the themes of identity and conformity in the novel. Buy Analysis of the Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne essay paper online Title of your paper Type of assignment Academic level • Total price Continue to order The themes of conformity and identity are evident throughout the novel. The Puritan community valued their system of punishing and judging people who violate their laws. Therefore, in conforming to their valued laws, the Puritans punished Prynne and Dimmesdale by forcing them to wear a scarlet letter, as a reminder of their sexual sin. The scarlet letter here is meant to give them physical identity as adulterers and violators of the laws of the land. Prynne is punished publicly by wearing a scarlet letter, “A”, showing everyone that she is an adulteress, and being marched through the city streets. Despite the public humiliation, Prynne courageously accepts her punishment and walks with her head held up high. Prynne’s scarlet letter is a clothing piece with the letter “A” that is beautifully embroidered and shining in her bosom. Even though the letter was originally meant to mark Prynne as an adulterer, with time, it’s meaning changes to “Able”. Prynne sewed garments for the less fortunate in the society and gave out all of her income to them. Her hard work and generosity became so significant that instead of her scarlet letter, people saw her as a person of high status and importance. On the other hand, Dimmesdale decided to keep his act a secret from the public and condemned himself internally, leading to physical and mental suffering. Dimmesdale’s scarlet letter identified him as a coward who cannot confess his sins in public. To conclude, “The Scarlet Letter” is a very interesting novel with numerous moral lessons to the reader. Though Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale are fictional characters, what happens in their lives in the novel are comparable to what happens in relationships in everyday life. Through the two characters, we learn that nobody is free from sin. How we handle the effects of our sins, including the punishments, greatly determines how our future lives will be. While some decide to punish themselves in secret, others are condemned and humiliated publicly. Both ways have their pros and cons, but the most important thing is to have the courage to confess our sins in order to be free to move on with our lives. What our Clients say Read all testimonials Click here to chat with us
The end of 2017 saw the rise of #metoo as women and some gay males came out of the shadows to discuss sexual abuse and harassment in and around the work place. From major celebrities to iconic political figures, accusations and allegations streamed from television to social media at a whirlwinds pace. When so many terms are thrown around without meaning and/or context it is hard to understand exactly where the lines are and where they should be drawn. Sexual harassment, assault, battery and rape are all legal terms with separate meanings depending on the actions of the perpetrator and even the specific jurisdiction of the crime. GMJ has covered these topics, and will continue to do so in the future, but we decided it best to start at the beginning with some definitions. Sexual Assault: illegal sexual contact that usually involves force upon a person without consent or is inflicted upon a person who is incapable of giving consent (as because of age or physical or mental incapacity) or who places the assailant (such as a doctor) in a position of trust or authorityAccording to the U.S. Department of Justice; “Sexual assault is any type of sexual contact or behavior that occurs without the explicit consent of the recipient. Falling under the definition of sexual assault are sexual activities as forced sexual intercourse, forcible sodomy, child molestation, incest, fondling and attempted rape.” Sexual Battery: broadly defined, is when one person intentionally touches another, without the victim’s consent, in a manner that is harmful or offensive. Sexual battery can be defined as “An unwanted form of contact with an intimate part of the body that is made for purposes of sexual arousal, sexual gratification or sexual abuse”. Sexual battery may occur whether the victim is clothed or not.” (Source) Intimidation, threats, and force are all different ways that sexual battery can occur. Yes, this technically includes grabbing a guy’s dick or ass as he walks by you in the bar. Consent, like in all sexual crimes, is the essential factor in many cases. If a person is incapacitated, then consent cannot be given. It does not matter if the victim is incapacitated through their own conduct. For example, if a person gets drunk and passes out, any sexual contact with that person would be sexual battery. Fondling a person while he or she is asleep constitutes sexual battery. Similar conduct against a person confined to a hospital bed would also constitute sexual battery. Sexual Harassment: unlawful sexual intercourse or any other sexual penetration of the anus, or mouth of another person, with or without force, by sex organ, other body part, or foreign object, without the consent of the victim. Rape is “the penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim.” This is the newest definition given by the U.S. Department of Justice, the older definition was mainly based off of women who had been raped but the newest definition allows for all genders and gender identities to be acknowledged. The primary difference between sexual battery and rape is that with battery there is no penetration between the sexual organs. With sexual battery, all that matters is the non-consensual touching of another person’s sexual organs. How this effects gay males? All of the above definitions look at life and gender interactions from a legal and mostly heteronormative interpretation. As we all know, to some extent, gay male life can be different and the social and moral cues can be very complicated when you have guys mixing and testosterone raging. This does not mean that the rules and laws don’t apply to us, on the contrary, we at GMJ believe we need to pay extra attention to this issue as sexual assault and battery are common in our community and under reported crimes. • First we gay males need to understand the laws and how we can and cannot touch other males. Our sexuality does not make us immune to the law or give license to touch, abuse or harass other guys. • Secondly, we need to have a better understanding of consent, in a realistic manner, as it relates to the work place, verses the bar or a sex party. THESE ARE NOT THE SAME. • Finally, our community is obligated to create safe spaces and environments for those who have been actually victimized to receive help, counseling, medical care or whatever they need, because we all know that no one else is going to do it for us. Tags: , , , , ,
The Science and Benefits of Chanting Mantras Mantra is also becoming more popular with spiritual practices like meditation and yoga. Considering the benefits of mantra, we chant Sanskrit mantras at our yoga studio. Our school was started as a yoga co-op by our community of yoga teachers. Bend It Like Buddha team is a yoga family that offers Yoga retreats, Ayurveda Massage courses and 200 hour teacher courses to the students at some of the most stunning locations. The word ‘Mantra’ is comprised of two different words ‘mind’ and ‘tra’. Mantra can be considered as an instrument of the mind and probably a vibration or sound powerful enough to make a person enter into the deepest state of meditation. A mantra can be considered as a seed that results in activating the intensions or Sankalpa. Mantra, in a yoga setting, is sometimes used in silent repetition to keep the mind focused and connected to a particular state. Some of the earliest mantras were composed by Hindus in India, commonly known as Sanskrit Mantras, at least 3000 years ago. Chanting mantras is one of the ancient spiritual practices of experiencing divine love and light. Chanting is a process of gathering the divine and spiritual energies that help in the transformation of different life issues thus benefiting each and every aspect of life. Physical body issues, mental blockage, energy blockages, emotional imbalances, trauma, spiritual blockages, challenges associated with relationships along with the negative emotions. All of these issues can be healed with Mantras. The ancients believed that chanting works through carrying one’s soul vibration and frequency with light, love, compassion and forgiveness. That is, mantras help to transform the vibration and frequency of your life to higher vibes and more loving dimension. Sanskrit is one of the oldest languages with its unique power and beauty reflecting the great importance through its precise pronunciation. Being one of the oldest languages Sanskrit carries a sacred resonance with it. The Sanskrit vehicles of chanting are the sacred prayers called mantra which were channeled by great yogi masters thousands of years ago. At our yoga studio, Bend it like Buddha we offer Sanskrit chanting that can help you experience a life-changing journey of wellness and health. Chanting has more benefits than you might expect. Several scientific studies have been conducted to observe the meditative effects on the body. The benefits of chanting have been observed in the form of improved pulmonary function, increased mental alertness, increased environmental awareness and potential relief from depression and stress (Ferreira-Vorkapic et al., 2015). Another study has postulated that chanting mantras can enlighten and purify the heart, mind, body and soul, make oneself and others happier and healthier, spreads compassion, love, forgiveness and most importantly uplift the spiritual standing (Lynch et al., 2018). In other words, chanting mantras can heal emotional, mental, physical and spiritual bodies and in this way transforms all souls to divine mindfulness (Lolla, 2018). Furthermore, mantra is empowered by faith, concentration and intention and thus is considered as a beneficial meditative practice. There;s even more; doctors and nurses have also recommend mantra for medical treatment due to the outstanding research. Psychological benefits of mantra repetition include decreased heart rate, lowered level of tension as well as a decreased rate of blood pressure (Deodhar, 2015). Chanting vibrations with concentration enable to reduce the adrenaline level and cortisol and reducing the level of stress. Besides this, sound seed vibrations have a significant impact on improving the efficiency of the spinal cord. Meditation not only improves concentration but also strengthens the control on reacting to emotions, at the same time, helps withdetoxification. Chanting these sound seeds along with a constant deep breathing process improves blood circulation by providing more oxygen to the body thus restoring youthfulness both externally and internally. Moreover, the other health benefits include filtering out negativity, getting enough sleep and nurturing throat and thyroid glands (Lolla, 2018). Moreover, chanting mantras helps clear the throat chakra. Farrah in Goa with Yoga Alliance 300 RYT certificate in Vinyasa flow Kirtan is the repetition of mantras in a rhythmic manner seeking to bridge the spiritual world with the physical world. It is important to note that chanting is more powerful in a group of people like in Kirtan. Chanting unifies the entire group on a spiritual level and in this way, ties each and every person in the group all together to the divine, both as individuals and as a group. The benefits of mantra repetition are multiplied by the number of people practising chanting. Chanting out in the form of a group helps in the purification of the blocks much faster along with the further amplification of health benefits. In this way, the higher frequency vibrations work well in a group. At our yoga studio, our Sanskrit chanting along with sound journeys has deeply touched others and helped to restore and transform in surprising yet miraculous ways. So, what are you waiting for? You are warmly welcomed to participate inthe Bend it like Buddha Yoga Journey… • Deodhar, S., 2015. Make in India: Re-chanting the Mantra with a Difference. • Ferreira-Vorkapic, C., Feitoza, J.M., Marchioro, M., Simões, J., Kozasa, E. and Telles, S., 2015. Are there benefits from teaching yoga at schools? A systematic review of randomized control trials of yoga-based interventions. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015. • Lolla, A., 2018. Mantras Help the General Psychological Well-Being of College Students: A Pilot Study. Journal of religion and health, 57(1), pp.110-119. • Lynch, J., Prihodova, L., Dunne, P.J., McMahon, G., Carroll, A., Walsh, C. and White, B., 2018. Impact of mantra meditation on health and wellbeing: A systematic review protocol. European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 18, pp.30-33. Leave a Reply
YOUR HEALTH: Those with compulsive disorders could get new help WACO, Texas – OCD, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, only affects about two percent of the population but symptoms are usually severe. Now, clinical trials are targeting new receptors in the brain. Some of those trial are being conducted by the very people who can be helped. "I've lived with OCD since childhood," said Elizabeth McIngvale, assistant professor of Baylor College of Medicine's Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. "I was diagnosed when I was 12 and have been in treatment ever since." She used to ask her mom if it was okay that she touched something in school. "Then it transferred into a lot of contamination rituals, spending a lot of time in the shower," said McIngvale. "Fearing I hadn't done something enough, I wasn't clean enough. I was going to contaminate other people." OCD is rooted in fear which feeds the anxiety and brings about the unwanted behavior. Psychologists used cognitive behavioral therapy in some cases, as well as traditional anti-depressants aimed at serotonin and dopamine brain messengers. But researchers are now seeking something new, glutamate in the brain, a neurotransmitter that sends signals to other cells. "Some recent information suggests that there might be a third messenger that naturally occurs called glutamate. thereby have improved response to anti-depressants," explained Eric Storch, a professor on that team of researchers. NEW TECHNOLOGY: Researchers have been looking into glutamate. Glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. It helps with communication with cells in all the circuits in the nervous system. Too much can cause neuron damage which can lead to conditions like stroke or ALS. The levels of glutamate could be high as a consequence of OCD. There are many medications out there now that can help lower the levels. Rilutek, an FDA approved medication for ALS, helped in some patients. The medication can not only help adults but they also help children. Namenda, a memantine, affects how the neurons respond to glutamate. It is FDA approved, and it can benefit both kids and adults going through normal therapy. Researchers want to do a more controlled study in order to better understand the drug`s impact. And, for Elizabeth McIngvale who might only get several minutes a day without intrusive thoughts, it's clearly critical to find a better way. "I can understand someone's pain and I can truly believe with all my belief system, that they can get better," said McIngvale. The study of this new drug is being conducted at 59 centers across the country. Elizabeth McIngvale has also started the Peace of Mind Foundation, dedicated to providing help with OCD.
Contributor Avatar Roger Manvell Biographer and film historian. University Professor of Film, Boston University. Director, British Film Academy, 1947–59. Author of Ellen Terry; coauthor of Hermann Göring; The Technique of Film Animation; and many others. Primary Contributions (5) Ellen Terry. Ellen Terry, English actress who became one of the most popular stage performers in both Great Britain and North America. For 24 years (1878–1902) she worked as the leading lady of Sir Henry Irving in one of the most famous partnerships in the theatre. In the 1890s she began her famous “paper… Britannica Examines Earth's Greatest Challenges Earth's To-Do List
Happy Arbor Day! Here's Why We Should All Be Tree Huggers This Year Image by Rialto Images / Stocksy According to NASA's latest satellite data, our world is only getting greener. That is, our tree cover is growing thanks to reforestation and better land management practices. However, NASA was quick to point out that the greenery gain occurring in the northern hemisphere thanks to frontrunners like China and India doesn't offset the rampant deforestation occurring in some parts of the tropics. While there are an estimated 3.04 trillion trees on the planet—about 422 for every human!—we're cutting down up to 15 billion a year to make way for infrastructure and agriculture, harvest materials like palm oil, and create consumer goods. Trees do a whole lot more for humans than just provide some shade (though it turns out they do that even better than we initially thought). A single one can absorb as much as 48 pounds of carbon dioxide annually, making them a key ally in fighting climate change, and entire forests protect the land from erosion and improve water and soil quality. Beyond that, trees are just fascinating. While there's still a lot to learn about them, we know that trees can actually "speak" with each other thanks to an underground system of minerals and chemical reactions, sharing valuable nutrients and warnings of incoming threats. The oldest ones have been around for thousands of years, and science is now racing to preserve their knowledge by cloning old-growth forests threatened by climate change. Needless to say, the world could use a lot more tree huggers. How you can help keep our green spaces alive and well this Arbor Day. This year, The Arbor Day Foundation launched its most ambitious goal yet: The nonprofit will plant 100 million trees around the world, recruiting 5 million volunteers in the process, by 2022. "If ever there was a time for planting trees, it's now," Dan Lambe, president of The Arbor Day Foundation, told a crowd of onlookers and corporate partners when announcing the initiative on New York's High Line last month. If all goes to plan, Time for Trees will remove 578,000 tons of chemical pollution from the air—enough to fill 70,000 Goodyear blimps. If you're in the U.S., head to their tree map to see planting events happening in your state. If you don't want to get your hands dirty, consider donating to the cause instead. Give to The Arbor Day Foundation; check out TreeEra, a subscription service where paying $12/month will plant 100 trees in your name annually; or support apparel companies that are greening the Earth. At outdoor brand tentree, they plant 10 trees for every item sold (25 million so far!), while fashion brand Amour Vert puts a tree in the ground for every T-shirt sold. We'll leaf it at that for now. Happy planting! Related Posts Popular Stories Sites We Love Functional Nutrition Webinar Food is Medicine Get Free Access Now Loading next article... Sign up for mbg's FREE Functional Nutrition Webinar Your article and new folder have been saved!
Gear Reducers in Industrial Sectors Gear reducers can substantially boost the amount of torque that a motor produces and may effectively convert the engine's energy into useful force. The devices are also able to decrease the incoming power and to rapidly transfer energy to other moving components. Many gearboxes feature right angles or inline gears, and when searching for gear reducers, a business owner should consider the rotational speed that a gearbox can handle, each device's gear ratio, the backlash, the torque that each gear may generate, the efficiency and the shock loads that each gearbox can withstand. Planetary Gears An epicyclic gear consists of a central component, gears that swiftly rotate around the middle device and a ring gear that is connected to the revolving parts. Planetary gears can produce a more substantial reduction in speed than bevel gears and spur gears, and in spite of their low weight, epicyclic gears generate especially high levels of torque and can allow a gearbox's efficiency to exceed 90 percent. Most planetary gears have a relatively small size, yet they feature a low moment of inertia, which indicates a device's ability to withstand the effects of rapid acceleration. Additionally, the gearboxes can handle more weight because the load's weight is evenly handled by the central component, the sun gears and the ring gear. Gear Reducers That Feature Worm Gears These gearboxes are designed for sizable motors that require substantial reductions in speed, and the gear reducers are able to handle high shock loads, which may occur when a moving item accelerates or rapidly slows down. If the worm is not rotating, the gearbox can have the same effects as various types of brakes. These gear reducers also produce particularly low levels of noise, and the gearboxes are able to generate more torque than spur gears and bevel gears. In spite of the device's benefits, the efficiency of worm gears generally does not exceed 68 percent. Worm gears feature right angles and spiral components that have the shape of a screw. Due to their design, the devices can significantly reduce the effects of rapidly shifting weight, and consequently, manufacturers commonly add worm gears to winches and various types of cranes. Furthermore, worm gears are frequently installed in machines that create sheets of steel. Bevel Gears These devices are typically added to gear reducers that have right angles, and bevel gears may have straight teeth or curved teeth. When utilizing bevel gears, a business can easily modify the angles of the components, and gearboxes with bevel gears are typically more efficient than the majority of gear reducers. Most bevel gears can handle rotational speeds of less than 1,100 repetitions per minute, and the devices generally have lower ratios than worm gears. Bevel gears are regularly installed in printers, many types of drills, factories that produce steel and power plants. The devices are also found in differentials, which can allow the wheels of industrial vehicles to spin at varying speeds when the automobiles are moving around corners. Devices With Spur Gears Gear reducers that contain spur gears are generally less expensive than other types of gearboxes, and spur gears feature straight teeth and relatively simple designs. According to multiple reports, the gearboxes have comparatively long lifespans when they regularly operate at relatively low speeds. In spite of their benefits, spur gears are loud if they spin at a high rate, and generally, this type of gearbox can only decrease a sizable motor's force if the gear reducer has a large number of spur gears. The Materials Many gears feature numerous types of metals, such as cast steel, aluminum and carbon steel, and some devices consist of cast iron, which is especially machinable and may mitigate the effects of wear. Moreover, certain gear reducers are made of durable plastic, and these devices can lessen noise, provide extra lubrication and reduce the costs of routine maintenance. Choosing a Gear Reducer That Features a Parallel Shaft Some gearboxes with parallel shafts can have especially high gear ratios and are able to handle rotational speeds of more than 2,400 repetitions per minute. Many of these devices feature tapered bearings, which can decrease the impact of long-term use and may slightly augment the available torque. Generally, these gear reducers have helical gears or spur gears. Vents and Coatings By adding a vent to a gearbox, a business can decrease pressure that is caused by changes in temperature and lessen the force that affects the gear reducer's seals. The vents also feature filters that typically prevent dust and moisture from impacting the gearbox's performance. In addition, some companies place coatings on gears, and these compounds may notably augment the gearbox's capacity and eliminate corrosion. Applications in the Manufacturing Industry In general, gear reducers are required by lathes, machines that mill durable products, devices that feature drills and machines that can cut materials of all types. In the manufacturing industry, most machines feature bevel gears or helical gears, and many of these gearboxes are compatible with devices that use 1,000 kilowatts to 10,500 kilowatts of electricity. Gearboxes for Cranes in Various Industries Overhead cranes commonly utilize planetary gears or helical gears, and cranes feature numerous durable chains, multiple wire ropes and sheaves. Many businesses also manufacture epicyclic gears for railroad cranes, aerial machines, telescopic handlers, devices that feature towers and specialized cranes that are situated in harbors. Creating Products That Consist of Paper or Plastic Manufacturers can add gear reducers to devices that modify plastic and paper, and these gears must be compatible with equipment that swiftly positions labels, parts that create small cuts and components that grind the materials. Typically, these machines contain worm gears that provide double envelopment, and consequently, the modified gears can produce more torque than standard worm gears and will generally increase the maximum load that the machine can handle. Gearboxes are commonly added to draglines, which utilize pulleys, heavy-duty buckets, cables that drag the containers and multiple ropes. The gearboxes can also be installed in equipment that features sizable conveyor belts, which typically move materials upward and can have a capacity of more than 15,000 tons per hour. Additionally, gear reducers are found in many machines that grind and wash various raw materials. Gear Pumps These machines feature gears that can transport various types of liquids, such as oil, hydraulic fluid, soaps, paint, sludge and fluids that contain sodium silicate. Each device has a drive gear and an idler gear, which may modify the shaft's rotation. Currently, some of the most efficient gear pumps can handle a maximum speed of 3,000 repetitions per minute and approximately 250 pounds per square inch of pressure. How Do Electric Motors Work Electric motors are used everywhere in various sectors. Read this paper and learn how electric motors operate. [read more] Types of Control Valves used in Industrial Sectors There are many different types of control valves used in various industrial sectors. Here are some of them. [read more] Industrial Transformers - The Attributes and the Abilities of Industrial Devices Different types of transformers are used in different industrial sectors and machinery. Industrial transformers are able to transfer electricity to multiple large-scale circuits. [read more] Hydraulic and Pneumatic Motors in the Industrial Sectors There are advantages and disadvantages to both types of motors, but the proof of their usefulness lies in their applications. [read more] Gear Reducers in Industrial Sectors The Differences Between Hydraulic Valves and Pneumatic Valves Pneumatic valves and hydraulic valves are different in design and applied to different real-world applications. [read more] Types of Industrial Capacitors and Their Practical Applications Today, 69 percent of capacitors are used in power supplies, high-voltage substations, inverters, drives and motors. [read more] What you need to know about circuit breakers Circuit breakers are meant to protect circuits. However, lack of knowledge can be dangerous and life threatening. [read more]
A marsupial with a voracious appetite Environment & Life You surely don’t know this one but you can still give it a try… What’s less than the size of a single grain of rice at birth, effectively still just an embryo, blind, hairless and needs to make it to its mother’s pouch to continue development? Well, we are sure that not many of you would have heard about the Tasmanian Devil. It is a carnivorous and semi-nocturnal creature with an aggressive nature and growling, wild hissing and screaming that has got it the name. Found in the woodlands and eucalyptus forests on the Australian island state of Tasmania, Tasmanian Devils are marsupials like koalas and kangaroos. A full-grown Tasmanian Devil is only about the size of a big housecat but it is the largest meat-eating marsupial and its voracious appetite is a thing of legend. It normally ventures out and about during daylight hours but do most of their stalking and scavenging at night. In fact, they are considered valuable to the environment as a sort of four-legged vacuum cleaners. Usually solitary, you would often find several of them reach a carcass at the same time due to their excellent noses. Tasmanian Devils have powerful jaws filled with large sharp teeth, and a feeding group will devour every last bit of a meal. Their huge head, massive neck and powerful jaws allow them to eat parts of carcasses that others might leave behind like the bones! The jaws of Tasmanian Devils open a full 80 degrees and it has a bite strength of 1200 PSI! More incredible is that fact that the marsupial stores fat in its tail so when food is scarce, the tail is narrow and limp and when life is good, the tail is fat and happy. Another interesting fact is that Tasmanian Devils spend more time biting each other than any other species. Leave a Reply
Glass Rijke tube with glowing filament Rijke Tubes For Derby Maker Faire 2016, we made several very loud Rijke tubes. What are Rijke tubes? Most noises you hear every day come from something that moves, whether that is a speaker, your vocal chords, the strings of a guitar, the skin of a drum, or your lungs blowing air into a wind instrument. Instead, Rijke tubes use heat to cause a self oscillating effect caused by thermoacoustic amplification, which I will try to explain below. The noise generated is a very loud eerie pure tone, as you can hear in the video. The tubes Pieter Rijke used to demonstrate his newly found effect in 1859 used a metal gauze that would be heated by flame and then make noise once the heat source was removed, until they cooled down. These would make noise for 10 seconds at a time. Instead we use an electric heating element to keep the sound going indefinitely. How do they work? A hot filament located a quarter of the way up the tube causes the air to heat up. Hot air rises, maintaining a convection current in the tube. When a sound wave of the right pitch enters the tube, it creates an increase in pressure in the tube. Air rushing in at the bottom slows as it pushes against this pressure. The slowing means this air receives less heat so the average temperature of the air in the tube cools a little. Cold air contracts lowering the pressure in the tube and sucking the air in faster. This causes more heating and a rise in average temperature, causing the air to expand, starting the cycle again. All this happens at hundreds of times a second, making the eerie sound. We used nichrome filaments wrapped as coiled coils onto mica supports. The first supports were cut by hand, but soon we found that laser cutting the mica gave really good accurate structures, allowing tighter packing of filament. This meant enabling more power, upping the volume. We got ours creating 92dBA at full power! Hand cut mica support Hand cut mica support Laser cut mica support Laser cut mica support Densely packed nichrome Leave a Reply
Solution for: The life of the European bee-eater Answer Table 1. insects 5. predators 2. poison 6. tunnels 3. river valleys 7. chicks 4. Africa 8. pesticides Follow us on Facebook Found a mistake? Let us know! Share this Practice Test Exam Review The life of the European bee-eater A brilliant movement of colour as it catches its food in the air, the European bee-eater moves between three continents. True to their name, bee-eaters eat bees (though their diet includes just about any flying insect). When the bird catches a bee, it returns to its tree to get rid of the bees poison, which it does very efficiently. It hits the insect's head on one side of the branch, then rubs its body on the other. The rubbing makes its prey harmless. European bee-eaters (Merops apiaster) form families that breed in the spring and summer across an area that extends from Spain to Kazakhstan. Farmland and river valleys provide huge numbers of insects. Flocks of bee-eaters follow tractors as they work fields. When the birds come upon a beehive, they eat well - a researcher once found a hundred bees in the stomach of a bee-eater near a hive. European bees pass the winter by sleeping in their hives, which cuts off the bee-eater's main source of food. So, in late summer, bee-eaters begin a long, dangerous journey. Massive flocks from Spain, France and northern Italy cross the Sahara desert to their wintering grounds in West Africa. Bee-eaters from Hungary and other parts of Central and Eastern Europe cross the Mediterranean Sea and Arabian Desert to winter in southern Africa. 'It's an extremely risky stratagem, this migration,' says C. Hilary Fry, a British ornithologist who has studied European bee-eaters for more than 45 years. 'At least 30 percent of the birds will be killed by predators before they make it back to Europe the following spring.' In April, they return to Europe. Birds build nests by digging tunnels in riverbanks. They work for up to 20 days. By the end of the job, they've moved 15 to 26 pounds of soil - more than 80 times their weight. The nesting season is a time when families help each other, and sons or uncles help feed their father's or brother's chicks as soon as they come out of their eggs. The helpers benefit, too: parents with helpers can provide more food for chicks to continue the family line. It's a short, spectacular life. European bee-eaters live for five to six years. The difficulties of migration and avoiding predators along the way affect every bird. Bee-eaters today also find it harder to find food, as there are fewer insects around as a result of pesticides. Breeding sites are also disappearing, as rivers are turned into concrete-walled canals. Questions 1-8 1 Bee-eaters’ prey are bees and other Answer: insects 2 Bee-eaters need to remove the from bees before eating them. Answer: poison 3 There is plenty of food for bee-eaters on agricultural land and in Answer: river valleys 4 Bee-eaters migrate to spend the winter in different parts of Answer: Africa 5 Because of , almost one-third of bee-eaters do not survive migration. Answer: predators 6 Bee-eaters make nests in , which they build themselves. Answer: tunnels 7 When nesting, the receive food from different family members. Answer: chicks 8 One problem for bee-eaters is , which have reduced the amount of food available. Answer: pesticides Locate Other Tests
Use vernacular languages in science communication: Modi to scientists Kolkata: Prime Minister Narendra Modi today pitched for using vernacular languages in promoting science communication in a “big way” to develop “love of science” in the youth, saying language should not be a barrier but a facilitator. Addressing the curtain-raiser ceremony of the commemoration of professor Satyendra Nath Bose’s 125th birth anniversary in Kolkata via video-conference, he said Bose was a “crusader” for teaching of science in vernacular languages and had started a Bengali science magazine. The prime minister also asked the scientists to use their fundamental knowledge to help the general public in today’s life. He said it was important in today’s world that the final outcome of the innovation and research should be judged for their positive impact on the lives of poor people. “Whether through your innovations, life of any poor is getting easier, whether difficulties of middle class are reducing?” he asked. He asked scientists to determine their subjects of research keeping in mind the socio-economic challenges faced by the country. Born on January 1, 1894, physicist Bose is best known for his work on quantum mechanics in the early 1920s. Bose discovered what is known as bosons and worked with Albert Einstein to define one of the two basic classes of subatomic particles.
The Flowchart, artist's text, 2019. The flowchart is the meta-medium for an aesthetics of social complexity. The diagrammatic drawing becomes the essential visual form for seeing and engaging with the flow of information and operations in today’s interconnected world. In art, the flowchart is a dynamic image that can convey practice and theory for functions and meanings of concepts and actions. The language of the flowchart serves the artist to convey processes and connections of ideas and interventions within increasingly entangled networks of interrelated social structures. It gives form to the circulations, processes, and arrangements of social, technical, and intellectual flows involving works of art. The picture of the flowchart sidesteps the visual conventions of figuration and abstraction; the flowchart is operational, informational, and conceptual. The satisfying visual aesthetic of the flowchart derives from the artist’s ideas propelled in the geometric sketching of the flows of concepts, means, functions, and commands that the artist creates, elucidates, and researches. The flowchart is a conceptual image as well as an image itself with its own form. Visually, the flowchart circumnavigates the pictorial image, becoming the relevant iconographic imagery of the information age. As a genre of visual language, the flowchart enters into the rubric of artistic strategies and mediums, furthering the development of art-making. Art as creation of input-output exchange; interconnected nodes, channeling and switching conditions, functions, rules, and interactions are outlined to reach a determined outcome. The flowchart is not a map, it does not illustrate a set space or field. Rather, it’s the representation of the flow being processed, computed, and directed in the making of the preposition, action, and method meant to produce specific goals. The flowchart is power of creation, knowledge, and order of flows and systems that the artist can utilize. Drawing flowcharts is the manifestation of the artist’s will to depict, invent, and remodel reality. In a society of flows, the flowchart asserts itself as the visual device to organize, predict, and govern the world. Beyond technology, flowcharts model geopolitics and geoengineering, warfare and financial markets, jurisdictional arbitrage and global trade. The schematic, technical, and functional character of the flowchart is the quintessential portrayal of the bare, inexorable, and operative technocratic order encircling globalization. Flows of money in networks of financial trading. Flows of goods in global logistics and manufacturing. Flows of intellectual property with trademarks and patents. Flows of people in transportation systems and across borders. Flows of news and content in interconnected media. Flows of cultures and semiotic signs. Flows of environments with urbanization and climate management. Flows of laws in arbitraged jurisdictions and decentralized platforms. Flows of political opinions and lobbying. Flows of citizen profiling in data brokerage. All these flows are interconnected in networks organized through flowcharts functioning as instruments of power. Flowcharts become the language of the modern global information order. Either with an algorithm, economic model, political organogram, or semiotic study, the flowchart is the visual means for drawing the forms of complex flows within processes and systems of social reality. Charting flows becomes a necessary artistic practice to critically engage with society, making the flowchart a pivotal medium for contemporary art. Text by Paolo Cirio, May 2019.
How To Educate Your Family On Green Energy Today, the trend is looking for ways to make everyone’s life more green. What’s green energy? Simply speaking, it is renewable energy, along with energy technology that is efficient, but most importantly, it’s energy that positively affects the environment. This type of energy is able to be used in every home, so read on to find out how this is possible. Instead of using a clothes dryer, hang your clothes in the sun to dry in the summer months. As well as drying your clothes, the sun can also help your clothes smell nice. They will be fresher than clothes dried in the dryer. This will save you a ton on your utility bills, leaving you extra money to turn your air conditioning on instead. It has become quite popular to incorporate green technologies into our lives. Green energy is renewable energy as well as energy-efficient technology that is good for the earth. Being a part of the movement is simple. Make green energy changes by using the tips you have read here.
ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning Activity Source: U.S. Geological Survey, Adapted with permission. When an earthquake happens, seismic waves travel outward in all directions. Primary (P) waves travel faster than secondary (S) waves, which do most damage. But electronic information can be sent faster than P and S waves. The ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning Systemcan detect an earthquake quickly and send an alert before strong shaking arrives. A few seconds of warning does not sound long, but it is enough time to do something to protect yourself, such as Drop! Cover! and Hold On! The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) along with universities and state agencies in Washington, Oregon, Nevada, and California are developing the ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) System for the West Coast.Several countries including Japan, Mexico, Taiwan, and China already use EEW systems. A ShakeAlert can also be sent to a hospital, a light rail system, a fire station, a water provider utility, or a school to trigger automated actions such as starting emergency generators, slowing down trains, opening fire house doors, closing water system valves, or playing a pre-recorded message on a loud speaker. (Per group) • Rare earth magnets, preferably elongated design • PVC pipe, about 1” in diameter, cut into 1.5” long pieces • Spool of thin copper wire, with thin, insulating coating • Fine sandpaper • 2 gator clips • Ammeter • Thick cardboard • Rubber bands • Tape 1. Tightly coil copper wire around PCV pipe, leaving about ¼-inch at both ends and about 10 inches of wire extending out from each end. Tape the wire in place and use sandpaper to remove coating from the wire. 2. Connect a gator clip to each end of the wire, and connect each to the positive and negative connections on the ammeter. 3. Move magnets back and forth inside the solenoid. By doing this, the changing magnetic field creates a changing electric field, producing an electric current. What happens to the needle in the ammeter?This is called “induction,” a small, simple version of how many power plants work. 4. Use other materials to set up a system—a seismometer—that will allow the magnets to move back and forth through PVC pipe. Tape, rubber bands, and thick cardboard are a few examples of materials. 5. Develop, test, and modify your designs to see what works best. Share designs with the class. ShakeAlert STEM Classroom Discussion How would various situations be made more safe if people and automatic systems were alerted that they were about to experience earthquake shaking? A surgeon performing an operation? A chemistry teacher and students in a lab? An amusement park with lots of fast rides? What can you do to keep yourself safe during an earthquake? Explore Further Full Classroom Activity and More - STEM Connections to the US Earthquake Early Warning System: NGSS 3-D Learning • Science and Engineering Practices–Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information • Disciplinary Core Ideas– Earth and Human Activity • Crosscutting Concepts–Cause and Effect
Paper Chromatography is a Cool Chemistry Science Experiment for Kids to do at Home or in School. In this Experiment Kids learn How Vegetables and Fruits Get the Color . Learn about the color mixing . Cool Science Experiment for Kids to do at Home. Items Required : Fruits, Flowers, Ethanol, Chemistry Labware For more interesting and cool Science Experiments, you can visit ZLife Youtube Channel Many scientific concepts can be understood and demonstrated through simple experiments, using locally available low-cost material. This article presents a few simple but exciting experiments that can be used to understand foundational principles in physics. We are bequeathed a legacy of clever and painstaking experiments by the pioneers of modern science. In the age of information overload, it is prudent to consider why we need to dirty our hands doing experiments, instead of merely depending on processed information to push the frontiers of science. This writer dedicates this letter to the instrument that allowed him freedom to express himself and spurred learning along the way. Dear Pencil, This is the first time I'm writing to you in all these years. This might well be the only time I write to you, but this should convey the love and the admiration that I have for you in its entirety. Let me explain why I admire you so much: Chemistry always conjures up visions of working in a laboratory. In the current scenario, however, we have several parents home schooling their children. How do these children work on experiments ? Do they have access to good laboratories? Or do they learn without doing any experiments? Is that tedious? Engage yourself with this parent who tells us all about how his daughter learnt chemistry at home. As teachers, before we take up the issue of teaching biology in primary school, let us understand its place in the primary curriculum. At the primary level, children need to develop three kinds of academic skills... Anitha R writes about a project undertaken by class 8 students to create a zero energy refrigeration system. She shares some of the activities they carried out, in this article published in Thisaimani (Journey 4) - an APF-Puducherry District Institute publication. Vigyan Prasar & IISER, Pune present Prof Pierre Fontes who through kitchen, toys and day to day materials deconstructs the aura of science for school teachers. Here is a short clip on attraction & repulsion. The worksheet is designed to help students understand Archimedes' principle and its application. The worksheet will also help them understand all the terms associated with Archimedes' principle, apply it in their day to day life, and connect it with other subjects. 16652 registered users 6587 resources
Class 10 Geography Forest and Wildlife Resources Forest and Wildlife: NCERT Solution Match the following animals with their category of existence Animals/Plants Category of existence Black buck Endangered Asiatic elephant Vulnerable Andaman wild pig Endemic Himalayan brown bear Rare Pink head duck Extinct Answer the following questions • Which of these statements is not a valid reason for the depletion of flora and fauna? • Agricultural expansion • Large scale developmental projects • Grazing and fuel wood collection • Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation Answer: (c) Grazing and fuel wood collection • Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation? • Joint forest management • Chipko Movement • Beej Bachao Andolan • Demarcation of Wildlife sanctuaries Answer: (d) Demarcation of Wildlife sanctuaries • What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives? • How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain. Answer: Various human activities have resulted in a decline of forest cover. Vast tracts of forest had been cleared to make way for farmland and for making new houses, factories and infrastructure. Mining is another human activity which has destroyed forest in a vast area. Thus, human activities have resulted in significant depletion of flora and fauna. • Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India? Answer: Many local communities have recognized the significance of conservation for their long term survival. Local communities are contributing significantly in conservation at many places. For example; the Bishnois of Rajasthan protect black buck, chinkara and peacocks quite zealously. Nature worship is an age old tradition of many tribes. By doing so, they help in conservation of forest. Chipko movement is another example of community initiative in conservation. Joint Forest Management has been practiced in Orissa since 1988 and has bore fruits for conservation. • Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife. • Match the following. Column I Column II Reserved forests Are regarded as most vulnerable as far as conservation of forest and wildlife resources. Protected forests Forest lands are protected from any further degradation. Unclassed forests Other forests and westlands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities.
I am working on a project where I need to use this particular method but am not sure how. I would prefer to do it in R. Here is the project objective and the method: I have a polyline running parallel to the coastline (which is a polygon). I need to find the distance from the polyline to the coastline at 100 meter intervals. To do this, I need to create polylines extending from the coast every 100 meters. These polylines are to function as rulers. The distance of the polyline of interest from the coast will be measured by their intersection with these measurement polylines. I am having two problems with this approach: 1. I can't figure out how to store the length of the polyline as continuous data. That is, wherever an intersection occurs, there will be a measurement of the exact distance from the coastline. 2. I can't figure out how to store the distance measurement from the intersection as an attribute in the polyline of interest. Attached are visual examples of the data. First with the polyline of interest (red) and the coastline (blue), and then the second image with the polyline "rulers" added in (green). enter image description hereenter image description here • I think this could do with a diagram. – Spacedman Apr 10 '18 at 22:52 • I added screenshots of what the data looks like if it helps – Wincow Apr 10 '18 at 23:05 Your Answer Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.
Producing Video Include a video with your article to engage readers. Complement your written work with a video which will be published alongside the article in the IEEE Xplore® Digital Library. Include the video summary with the rest of your article during submission so that it can be peer reviewed. Video equipment See if your institution has high-quality video camera equipment available. This will produce much higher-quality video than a phone or computer webcam. Use a tripod or another stable surface to eliminate shakiness in the video. Finding the right balance of light is key to producing a good video. Try a few test shots with different lighting options to discover what works best. Your camera may have a “white balance” feature that removes unrealistic color casts and improves contrast between the subject and the background. The microphone in your video camera may be insufficient to create high-quality audio for your video. To overcome this problem you can record the audio separately on a computer and edit it into the video later, or use a separate microphone plugged directly into the video camera. If you wish, you may narrate the video and explain your research directly to your audience. To do so, prepare and rehearse a detailed script for the video, paying special attention to the pace of the script. Test your draft script with peers and ask for feedback. You may ask someone else to narrate the video if you prefer, but it is usually best to hear directly from one of the article’s authors. Creating the video To keep the viewer’s interest, do not stay on one camera shot for too long; alternate between different shots such as experimental results, computer screenshots, and the speaker’s face, as appropriate. Get as close to the subject of each shot as possible so that the subject fills the whole frame. Capturing information from computer screens There are two standard ways to capture images and actions from a computer screen: • Point your camera at the screen and record • Use screen capture software to generate digital video files that can be edited into the video summary If you use the camera method, check for glare and reduce or remove lighting as necessary to eliminate the glare. Editing and creating digital video files Use video editing software to assemble the scenes into a finished video. There are many commercial options such as Apple’s iMovie, Adobe’s Premiere, and Corel’s VideoStudio, as well as many shareware software products. File specifications Save or export your final video in MPEG-4, MOV, or AVI format. These formats open easily on most computers so your reviewers and readers can access the video. File size Please note that video file size is limited to 100MB. If your file is larger, we recommend reducing your resolution from HD to 1280 x 1024 or 1024 x 780. This will make your file significantly smaller without losing much image quality. Contact with any questions about these specifications. Questions about the content of the video should be directed to the publication’s editor.
Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that affect the brain and nervous system, and can lead to lifelong physical and mental disabilities. It typically occurs as a child grows in the womb, or for up to two years after he or she has been born. There are many varying factors that can lead to cerebral palsy, and it is sometimes possible for the disorder to be the result of an error made by a doctor or another medical professional. Risks can include an infection in the mother, prematurity or low birth weight, hypoxia (a lack of oxygen) and other disruptions to the labor process. Children with cerebral palsy face a lifetime of costly medical bills and support–the Center for Disease Control estimated in 2003 that the lifetime economic costs of a child with cerebral palsy topped $1 million dollars. In the years since, that number has surely risen. Even more importantly, these children’s futures are taken away, and they are left without many of the chances and opportunities a healthy child might have as they grow older. If your child has been born with cerebral palsy that you believe may have been the result of medical malpractice, it is important to contact an experienced personal injury attorney as early as possible so they can help you determine your next step. Kolsby Gordon has the ability to identify all future costs and expenses and make the wrongdoer accountable for the future expenses that the parents face. Please call us today.
What Is Shackling? Young person with hands cuffed behind back This is the first in a series of posts on the topic of juvenile shackling. ‘Shackling has made me feel like an animal, and it makes me feel like I can’t express myself. It is a distraction to me because rather than focusing on what I have to say, I’m focused on what other people are thinking of me, and on avoiding body movements that are painful and uncomfortable because of the shackles. In addition, being shackled makes me feel mistreated, ashamed and criminal. It has affected how my family sees me because they are afraid of me and I am unable to feel like a normal person when shackled. Shackling also has a negative impact on one’s future. Shackling messes with a person’s state of mind because it makes you feel dangerous and degrades your sense of self.’ Daniel Loera’s description of his shackling experience in juvenile court highlights numerous reasons why many states like Washington, where Daniel is from, are establishing policies and limiting the practice to exceptional circumstances. Have you ever seen a young person in chains before? If you have spent any time in Ohio’s juvenile courts, it is likely that you have. Every day in Ohio, young people who have not been convicted of a crime are brought into court wearing various types of restraints including shackles, chains, leg irons, waist belts, and handcuffs. This practice known as shackling is common in Ohio. Ohio counties that engage in this practice place restraints on every young person that has been detained and required to appear in juvenile court. Routinely and automatically young people are required to wear restraints in court. No justification is needed. No evaluation is made. No standard statewide guidelines exist to help courts determine whether restraints should be used. If a young person lives in a county that shackles, they will be shackled. It is that simple. In recent years, a growing number of states and counties have recognized the psychological harm to young people as a result of the unfairness and inconsistencies of the practice, and are banning the automatic use of restraints in juvenile courts. States are issuing guidelines that limit the use of restraints to those young people who a pose an imminent risk of harm or flight in court. If other states can do this, surely the great state of Ohio can as well. Tags: , , , , Comments are closed.
Hydrogel foams can deliver drugs for 6 months Imagine only having to inject insulin once every 6 months rather than every day. Researchers at the University of Cambridge in the U.K. are working toward this with biodegradable polymer sponges that can release drugs over long periods to treat diabetes, cancer and other chronic diseases such as HIV/AIDS, or act as templates for tissue regeneration after surgery or injury. The team used synthetic biodegradable polymers and forced high-pressure carbon dioxide through to create injectable, reformable and spreadable hydrogel foams with pores that can be loaded with protein drugs or transplanted cells. Tweaking the formulation can control the rate of release. Because the hydrogels are up to 99.7% water with no organic solvents, they should be more effective and better tolerated than current hydrogels. The research is published in Biomaterials. "The hydrogels protect the proteins so that they remain bio-active for long periods, and allow the proteins to remain in their native state," says Dr. Oren Scherman of the Department of Chemistry, who led the research. "Importantly, all the components can be incorporated at room temperature, which is key when dealing with proteins which denature when exposed to high heat." This delivery system could be especially useful in areas where patients do not have regular access to doctors, such as rural Africa, or to improve compliance in long-term treatment of infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis. "There's been a lot of research that shows patients who need to take a pill each day for the rest of their lives, especially HIV patients in Africa who do not show any obvious symptoms, will take the pills for a maximum of 6 months before they stop, negating the point of taking the medication in the first place," says researcher Eric Appel. "If patients only have to take one shot, which will give them 6 month's worth of medication, we'll have a much greater chance of affecting an entire population and slowing or stopping the progression of a disease." Studies of the hydrogel delivering drugs in brain cancer are under way. - read the press release - see the abstract Suggested Articles
That means unlike ionizing radiation—from, say, ultraviolet light from the sun. But some research suggests that nonionizing radiation can have measurable effects on living organisms. Just how. Crypto is resistant to chlorine but sensitive to UV radiation. swim, or do they swim because they have asthma? One of the complicating factors is that doctors recommend swimming as a sport suitable. How To Make Scientific Method She even engineered a PR campaign that would make AA the default treatment. “Out of 50 treatment methods ranked by the strength of scientific evidence, AA comes in 38th,” Miller writes. Good questions are stated in a way that frame, or describes, a problem, and are able to be tested using accepted scientific methods. There Our skin is a big deal – literally. It’s the largest organ in the. as melanin both innately (giving the skin its natural colour), and in response to ultraviolet light (UV) exposure (giving the skin. John Harte, a professor of ecology at the University of California, Berkeley, has a wry, wizened face and green eyes that light up when he describes. 2050 in order to discover what it will do to. Therefore, the spectrum of the full spectrum lamp should change the color temperature with time and simulate the natural light environment to better conform to the natural growth law of the organism. Inactivation of microorganisms. The dosage, a product of UV light intensity and exposure time, is usually measured in microjoules per square centimeter, or equivalently as microwatt seconds per square centimeter (µW·s/cm 2 ). Dosages for a 90% kill of most bacteria and viruses range from 2,000 to 8,000 µW·s/cm 2. Mar 25, 2019 · Positive Effects on Humans. UV light helps some skin conditions, such as psoriasis, by reducing the itchy, scaly skin patches. Finally, UV light stimulates melatonin production, thus helping to reverse Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), regulate your moods and enable a regular sleep schedule. Why Are Evolutionary Trees Useful Aesthetics and Evolutionary Psychology The Oxford Handbook for Aesthetics, edited by Jerrold Levinson (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003). Denis Dutton New Caledonian crows are famous for their ability to craft sticks into hooked tools, which they use to probe for larvae and insects hidden in trees. But why they do this has. according Photoperiodism means the plant’s response to certain light signals, including both the duration and the quality of the light it receives. Plants do not sense light in the same manner as people or animals sense light The ozone layer absorbs almost all the intense ultraviolet light emitted by the sun, protecting organisms on the Earth’s surface. and predicted this would have harmful effects. In 1995, all three. Potable Rainwater: Filtration and Purification. by Doug Pushard. When I was growing up, I remember drinking out of a rain barrel with a ladle. My great aunt would yell out the door, “Remember not to. But how do plants sense gravity and direct or signal their cells to grow in response to it? Although botanists understand a great deal. How plants sense gravity: New look at the roles of genetics. But while a great deal is known about how light affects circadian rhythms, little is known about the direct effects of light on sleep: Why do we tend to wake up if. The Prober laboratory uses. Studying the anatomy can help researchers figure out how different organisms are related and how the creatures move the way they do. The trouble with these. they will use a UV light. So you can buy. Ecologists Studied A Community Of Fish In A Lake The Importance of Temporal Data in Ecology. Although ecological processes can be studied with spatial patterns in populations, communities, and ecosystems, there are particular advantages of temporal data for ecology.Because temporal data are unidirectional (environmental changes must occur before their impacts are visible), they provide some of the best means of identifying causal relations. This Gravity affects the ecology and evolution of every living organism. But how do plants sense gravity and how do they direct or signal their cells to grow in response to it? Although botanists. Science Experiments Using The Scientific Method California Nurse Practice Act Peer Review Members. The NCCC consists of 23 voting members, which includes 11 federal members and 12 non-federal members. The 11 federal members are composed of individuals designated by the heads of the following federal agencies: The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality May 15, 2015 · Plastic contamination is an increasing environmental problem in marine systems where it has spread globally to even the most remote habitats. Plastic pieces in smaller size scales, microplastics (particles <5 mm), have reached high densities (e.g., 100 000 items per m 3) in waters and sediments, and are interacting with organisms and the environment in a variety of ways. Scientists know viruses are contagious and can spread quickly, but how do they interact with each other. which emphasizes the effects of social behavior on an organism’s success in its environment. Sure you do, since you are the one who has to deal. blue light exposure and macular degeneration, which the leading cause of vision loss in the U.S. As the years go by, the natural protective layer. Pathology 3rd Year Mbbs Tos Slightly over one-third of the women met the criteria for sleep. For example, in an animal study published earlier this year in the International Journal of Experimental Pathology, investigators. How To Make Scientific Method She even engineered a PR campaign that would make AA the default treatment. “Out of 50 treatment methods ranked by the Jul 29, 2008 · Positive (beneficial) effects of UV. Helps some animals’ vision – Some animals (including birds, bees and reptiles) are able to see into the near UV light to locate many ripe fruits, flowers and seeds that stand out more strongly from the background. The fruits, flowers and seeds often appear quite different from how humans see them. 3. Effect of light on pigmentation: Light influences pigmentation in animals. Cave animals lack skin pigments. If they are kept out of darkness for a long time, they regain skin pigmentation. The darkly pigmented skin of human inhabitants of the tropics also indicate the effect of. Nov 11, 2018 · Exposure to blue light may help combat hypertension, according to a recent study. If the findings are replicated in a larger sample, blue light could provide a. Since Holi is played outdoors, exposure to the sun can have a detrimental effect on the skin. Apart from harmful UV radiation, sunexposure makes. You can also go for light daytime make-up, like. Since the 1800s, photo filters have been used to apply different effects to photographs. In the days of film, ultraviolet (UV) filters served the purpose of removing ultraviolet light — often seen. Atomic Clock Outdoor Temperature Blinking Debate Darwinism Versus Creation M Social Science Center. Photo taken at William H. Sewell Social Science Building by Nate M. on 9; Photo taken at William H. Sewell Social Science Building by Rudy on 12/21; Photo. BMW Charity Pro-Am Tournament June 6-9, 2019 The Roper Mountain Science Center Association is proud to announce that Roper The very mention of hair loss causes a visible ripple effect in a conversation among my female friends. “During the summer months, we tend to hold onto more hair to protect our scalp from UV light. Yes, the light form the sun enables you to see and you can feel the sun’s energy warming you when you stand in the sun. You also receive the sun’s energy indirectly in the food you eat, all the. In other words, all the blue light itself can do is upset those rhythms (and then only if the exposure. Fluorescent lighting relies on UV light, exciting a “white” phosphor, a mix of chemicals. Abstract. Aerobic and microaerophilic subsurface bacteria were screened for resistance to UV light. Contrary to the hypothesis that subsurface bacteria should be sensitive to UV light, the organisms studied exhibited resistance levels as efficient as those of surface bacteria. A total of 31% of the aerobic subsurface isolates were UV resistant, In the open sea, an estimated 90 percent of organisms. could detect blue light along with ultraviolet and violet light. "There is absolutely no UV and violet light coming down at that depth, it’s. The patch changes color once it has been exposed to a certain amount of UV light. The findings have been reported. going to happen quickly as the team needs to do more testing, find investors, and. Moon Juice promotes Brain Dust, featured on Gwyneth Paltrow’s website Goop, as “edible intelligence” that will “help combat the effects. do have at least one “magic” property: like people (and. In biology, an organism (from Greek: ὀργανισμός, organismos) is any individual entity that exhibits the properties of life.It is a synonym for "life form".Organisms are classified by taxonomy into specified groups such as the multicellular animals, plants, and fungi; or unicellular microorganisms such as a protists, bacteria, and archaea. All types of organisms are capable of. Next in order of particle energy are ultraviolet (UV) photons, with wavelengths 6 in the range 100 to 4000 å, and energies ranging from 4 to 124 eV. These penetrate into the skin where they can cause damaging chemical reactions whose effects can include sunburn or skin cancer. Effects of UV Light Exposure on Bacteria Laboratory Written by Michelle Furlong Introduction Mutations are a heritable change in the base sequence of DNA. We learned previously that some mutations can be neutral or beneficial to an organism, but most are actually harmful because the mutation will often result in Oct 25, 2018 · Of course if you are willing to consider single-cell organisms and any organism small enough for UV to penetrate to the center, then UV would definitely have an effect on mutation levels, and you could probably do comparative studies even at the same altitudes by looking at situations where there was more or less UV filtration due to. Introduction. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is divided into three categories of increasing energy: UV-A, UV-B and UV-C. UV-A is a low energy form of UV and has only minimal biological effects.UV-B, a higher energy form, causes the most damage to living organisms and materials.UV-C is absorbed by the oxygen in the atmosphere and never reaches us.
Do You Know Your A1c Target? An A1c test is key if you have diabetes or if your doctor thinks you might have a chance of getting it. It's a common blood test that gives information about your blood sugar. What Is an A1c Test? Why Is It Important? The A1c measures how much of your hemoglobin is coated with sugar. The higher your level, the greater your chance for problems down the road. That means your blood sugar control plan isn't working at its best. How Often Do You Need the Test? Your doctor probably will have you take the A1c test as soon as you’re diagnosed with diabetes. You’ll also have the test if your doctor thinks you may get diabetes. The test will set a baseline level so you can see how well you’re controlling your blood sugar. • The type of diabetes you have • Your blood sugar control • Your treatment plan What Does Your A1c Number Mean? A result between 5.7% and 6.4% signals prediabetes. WebMD Medical Reference Reviewed by Brunilda Nazario, MD on December 27, 2017 Lab Tests Online: "Hemoglobin A1C." National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: "The A1C Test & Diabetes." American Diabetes Association: "A1C and eAG." Clinical Diabetes: "Your A1C Results: What Do They Mean?" Mayo Clinic: "A1C test: Overview," Mayo Clinic: "A1C test: Why it's done," Mayo Clinic: "A1C test: Results." UpToDate: "Patient education: Diabetes mellitus type 2: Overview (Beyond the Basics)." © 2017 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.
How to stop or kill a process running on your Linux Server To find out the processes running on your server : ps aux This will show you the ‘PID’ of the process along with it’s other information. You can delete a process by using the ‘kill’ command with the process PID kill 16516 Sometimes you run into errors that require emergent steps like killing of certain process. For example, if you have certain PHP processes running in the background which are stuck and taking up valuable server resources, you can kill the PHP processes only on the server instead of restarting the whole server. To list all the processes of a certain name : ps aux \| grep 'process_name' For example if you wish to display all the PHP processes : ps aux \| grep 'php' You can further improve this command, ps aux \| grep '[p]hp' To kill all the processes of a given name, for example all MYSQL processes : kill $(ps aux \| grep '[m]ysql' \| awk '{print $2}') Just replace the mysql with the process name you wish to kill all processes of and also don’t forget to add the first character in ‘[ ]’ brackets.
Lizard Spit And Weight Loss In the southwestern United States lives a unique animal called the Gila monster. What is so unique about this lizard-like creature is the fact that it only eats three times a year. Why does it only get hungry every four months? Scientists, in the never-ending search for new medications, began to study the Gila monster. What they have come up with is truly remarkable. The saliva of the animal contains a chemical that is enhancing the lives of many diabetics. What this chemical, called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), does for diabetics is the latest breakthrough in the fight against this disease. One of the benefits is the increase of glucose-dependent insulin secretion. This mimics our own body’s response to food; releasing insulin only when we need it. This process greatly reduces the peak and valley insulin levels usually associated with conventional insulin injections. it also increases the function of the insulin producing cells in the body. The real breakthrough in this chemical is what is called beta-cell neogenesis. Beta-cells are located on the pancrease and are responsible for the release of insulin into the body. in a diabetic person, these beta-cells either die or stop producing insulin. This chemical actually causes the body to make more beta-cells. This is truly the beginning of a cure. So where does the weight loss come into play? a side effect is decreased gastric emptying; meaning the food you eat stays in your stomach longer, up to four times longer. So your body is telling you that you are “full” for a longer time, because you are full. it also works on the part of the brain that causes pleasure when eating. Many people overeat because of the pleasurable sensation they receive, perceived or not. GLP-1 decreases this pleasure enough to make people just “not feel like eating any more” than is necessary for survival. In real life studies, GLP-1 is shown to cause a 10% to 15% decrease in overall body weight. Because of the food staying longer in the stomach, many people feel nauseous after eating. This feeling usually goes away after a couple days and is generally caused by eating too much. the stomach is not moving the food through the digestive system causing a “back-up” of the system. Many people are used to eating a certain amount of food at each meal. With this drug, you will feel “full” faster and therefore eat less. The drug is called Byetta (exenatide) and is marketed because it is the first medication that may enable patients with type 2 diabetes to achieve glycemic control while reducing or eliminating the risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain. it is injectable only and the monthly cost is approximately $200 and must be kept refrigerated until administered. You Might Also Like: Powered by Blogger.
Use of symbolism in the novel lord of the files by william golding Lord of the Flies During the war the British justified all the destruction they wrought on the grounds that they had 'right' on their side, but Golding came to question this smug assumption. By mustering their wits and their British courage, the boys defeat the evil forces on the island: What is the lord of the flies about? What would you expect to happen to them? When these destructive capacities emerged into action they were thought aberrant. Would you like to make it the primary and merge this question into it? A third method by which the characters assume allegorical significance is through the implicit comparison of an action with an extrafictional event. The Dionysian myth is also reworked, as the boys' blindness to their own irrational natures leads to their destruction. They soon had a routine the dance and whenever they did thad they had to kill, because they got so pumped up when they did it. As the novel progresses, the young men divide into two groups. Then they were facing each other again, panting and furious, but unnerved by each other's ferocity. He eventually cared no more for being rescued, because all he wanted to do was kill pigs. It also means devil. Golding shows that societal defects reflect the flaws of human nature. Society The barbaric quality that arises in Jack throughout the book is really a rebellion against society. He is caught up in the savage ritual when Roger plays the pig p. The genius to shock and dismay; the journey from spurious goodness to appalling truth; the dark epiphany in which the self is compelled, through a radical dislocation of experience, to confess aspects of its own nature formerly suppressed or ignored: Upon marrying Ann Brookfield, an analytical chemist, inGolding followed a family tradition and embarked on a teaching career. In this respect Golding's book is a representative text, at one with its epoch. When Ralph is trapped in the underbrush, he wonders what a pig would do, for he is in the same position p. Social Sensitivity It is significant that Golding, who comes from a social background identical to that of the schoolboys in Lord of the Flies, chooses to focus on the destructive effect of evil upon this particular group. Rather than being destroyed, it ironically has grown. The trial of Gulliver hinges on a question of identity, with the mirrors of Houyhnhnmland, the pools of water, reflecting the painful truth: With a Hawthornesque touch, Golding describes the subtle change that has come over all the boys' faces, after the group has become largely a hunting society: This rationalist viewpoint was not tolerant of emotionally based experiences, such as the fear of the dark that Golding had as a child. Swift despised this mentality as the product of pride and pursued it even when it took cover within traditional religion: Golding uses light-dark contrasts in a traditional way: Modern literature seems, on the whole, to support Augustine against Pelagius, emphasizing as it does the frailty and nastiness of men. For me, I always saw it as Golding challenging the notion of savages being dark-skinned, uneducated people from rural areas. Blindness and Sight Piggy is blind to his immediate surroundings but really understands what is going on the island. The opening chapter is typical. George Eliot writes Janet's Repentance—it needs only a change of possessive to make it applicable to so many key works of the time; Tolstoy calls his last great novel Resurrection, thereby giving explicit religious form to the underlying hope of his century. His theme implies that each human being must engage in a battle against both outside and inner forces of evil, taking moral responsibility not only for individual actions but for the future of society. The boys' ordeal is a metaphor for the human predicament. Lord of the Flies: over Symbols Essay Golding, as much as his book, seems the fitting terminus for an investigation of Gulliver's legacy. In considering why the intellectual climate of our times should be so warmly hospitable to Swift's masterpiece, making it so relevant as to be almost contemporary, the intention is simultaneously to demonstrate the potency of Golding's appeal to modern readers, that appeal which Kermode recognizes but is hard-pressed to explain. Ralph's first blowing of the conch, proclaiming survival after the crash on the island, recalls the angel Gabriel's announcing good news. As the book continues, their makeshift government disintegrates, giving rise to a brutal gang bent on destroying those boys who have tried to form a purposeful, just society. Even Ralph was mystified when he came across it, for it reallt did terify him. In the Travels he flung down the gauntlet to emergent, buoyant Pelagianism.Lord of the Flies is written by famous contemporary novelists William Golding (), who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in Since its publication inthe novel has become the best sellers and has been studied in. What is Simon saying when he thinks the "beast" may be inside the boys themselves? Sample answer: Simon is saying that the beast may not exist, it is the boys. Lord Of The Flies - Changes Of Freedom Differentiated writing tasks for William Golding's novel "Lord of the Flies." These writing tasks include two levels of differentiation each and a graphic organizer to use while reading to. Get free homework help on William Golding's Lord of the Flies: book summary, chapter summary and analysis, quotes, essays, and character analysis courtesy of CliffsNotes. Lord of the Flies by William Golding: Lesson Plan Ideas Lord of the Flies by William Golding - An extensive collection of teaching resources for KS4 English prose, including the classic texts and more obscure works. With free PDFs to download. Rated 0/5 based on 12 review
Ice Skating ‘Ice Skating’ because the time period denotes is skating on ice, each indoors and outdoor. Specifically ready surfaces like ice skating tracks and arenas are discovered largely indoors for competitions and occasions whereas within the outdoor lakes, ponds and rivers that naturally freeze over in winter provide glorious ice skating surfaces Hard and Strong PU Wheels B07D3S22JN. Ice skating as a sport most likely started when individuals discovered themselves with fewer choices for out of doors exercise and video games throughout winter and should have been carried out for a lot of causes like train, enjoyable sport, for journey and so on. There are not any clear indications as to when frozen water skating originated. Some views are that it originated in Switzerland round 3000 BC primarily based on courting carried out on a pair of skates retrieved from a lake backside. These have been made out of animal bones are strapped on to the payment utilizing leather-based thongs. A researched examine by Oxford College factors to earliest frozen water skating actions greater than 3000 years in the past in southern Finland. All earlier variations of ice skates have been made from flattened and sharpened bone which helped skaters glide on prime of the ice not like fashionable skates that lower into the ice. It is because the skates in use at present are made out of metal blades with sharpened edges that permit straightforward motion; the Dutch invented the thought of including edges to skates within the 13th century. Leave a Reply
Water Damage Restoration Water Damage Restoration: Best Clean Up Tips From the Experts December 5, 2018 Show all Tips to Prevent House Fires House fire can be really devastating, as a matter of fact, they can turn down your valuable items and appliances into ashes. House fires usually occur due to neglect, misuse of the household appliance as well as malfunctioning of an electronic appliance. Here are the most common causes of House fires: Carelessness in the Kitchen Pots and pans can overheat and cause a fire very easily. So, never leave whatever you are cooking unattended. Plus, always keep your stove clean as food splatter and grease can ignite fire while cooking. Keep portable heaters away from light materials such as wood furniture, curtains, and clothes can easily catch fires. If you have a furnace and dryer, get them inspected once a year to make sure it is working to safety standards as they are one of the most common reasons for house fires. Cigarettes can easily cause fire especially when they make contact with flammable materials such as clothes, bedsheets, furniture, curtains, mat and more. So, if you are smoking cigarettes, always ensure to put them out properly to avoid house fires. Electrical Equipment Faulty electrical appliance such as a toaster can start a fire easily. To avoid this from happening, always double check your appliances if they are working properly. It would be best to call an expert repairman for regular appliance maintenance. Unattended candles are one of the reasons for most house fires. So, to avoid a fire accident, keep the candles away from any flammable items such as books, paper, curtains, and clothes. Always blow a candle out before leaving a room and keep them away from children. Matches and Lighters Kids can cause a fire out of curiosity, so always keep matches and lighters away from children. Ensure that flammable things and fire starters are out of their reach. Faulty Wiring Faulty electrical wirings can cause fires. To prevent fire disaster caused by faulty wirings, call a licensed technician to inspect your home and your electrical wirings. Flammable Liquids Petrol and Kerosene can easily start fires. If you have any flammable liquids in your home, keep them away from heat sources and check the label before storing. Ensure that these liquids are stored in a place away from children’s reach. How to Prevent Fires at Home After learning the common causes of house fires. Here are a few more things and tips to prevent fires at home. Clean your heating system regularly To avoid house fires, schedule a regular maintenance and cleaning service for your heating system. Keep your chimneys clean and dust other flammable items away from the ignition sources. Do not use outlet extenders Avoid using outlet extenders and plug-in power bars as they can quickly overload an electrical circuit. Keep your kitchen clean and attended Do not leave while cooking especially if you are cooking with oil as it may start a fire easily and quickly. Ensure that cigarettes are disposed and extinguished properly Cigarettes which are not properly extinguished can smolder undetected for days which may ignite a fire. Do not throw it away on the ground or in plant pots. Just follow these tips to prevent fires at your home. If you needed a fire damage control services, just contact Miami Restorations. Miami FL Restorations offer mold removal Florida, water damages services, fire damage restoration Florida, and sewer clean up at an affordable price. Leave a Reply
Maths 2018/2019 Science Strand: Energy Strand Unit :Forces Investigating Ramps Maths Strand: Measures, Number Strand Unit: Data, Length Using Maths in fair testing Using maths in investigation of whether shoe size and height are linked. 3rd class pupils designed own test. 3rd class using charts to record findings# Using measure during an investigation Using graphs to record and interpret results Understanding the importance of checking measurements Second Class – Ms. Glynn Maths Strand: Measures Maths Strand Unit: Length Second Class have been exploring outer space and travelling in space for some time. We had a great interest in rockets and watching the rockets and watching the rockets take off. The class decided to build rockets. For some inspiration we watched videos of homemade rockets taking to the sky on Youtube. We all designed our own individual rockets. Then we decided to make rockets together in groups. We used foam, insulation, cardboard and duct tape. We cut the foam making sure each piece was the same size for a fair test. After we designed and made the rockets, we decided to predict how far our rockets would go. We tested our rockets and found that the wind had a big impact on how far they would travel. We waited a while for the wind to calm. Then we had lift off. Each member of the group had a chance to test the rocket to ensure a fair test. We measured the distance using metre sticks. We found that the result depended a lot on force. As predicted all rockets went further than one meter. Second Class Ms.Higgins Maths Strand: Measures Maths Unit: Length 2nd Class completed a two-part science investigation. First, we measured and recorded the length of everyone’s feet. Then we investigated if your arm span is the same as your height. We discovered that height and arm span are usually around the same length!
The World Wide Web The World Wide Web Visual representation of the World Wide Web The World Wide Web has grown exponentially at an extremely rapid rate since 1990 when its inventor, Tim Berners-Lee, implemented the first successful communication between a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client and server via the Internet. Many people assume the Internet and the World Wide Web are one and the same thing. The Internet is actually the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the TCP/IP Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide. The World Wide Web is just one application on the Internet. Other applications on the Internet include email, Voice over IP (VoIP) e.g. Skype, Instant Messaging and Google Earth. Many of these other applications though have Web interfaces. In its early days, the Web only consisted of content for end-users to passively view. It wasn’t long before eCommerce websites enabled the buying and selling of products and services over the Internet. Then, in the early 2000’s, new Web applications which facilitated greater user participation, interaction and information over the Web saw the introduction of user-generated content and virtual communities formed in social media sites, blogs, wikis and other interactive websites. By 2003, this new era in the history of the Web become popularly known as Web 2.0. The Internet, in its early days, was primarily a network of mainframe computers serving desktop and laptop computers, but with advancements in technology and wireless communication it has grown to include many mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. More recently developed operating systems, such as Google’s Linux-based Android OS and Apple’s Unix-based iOS, have enabled mobile devices to support a range of mobile applications. Commonly referred to as apps, they can be downloaded from the owners of the operating systems (i.e. Google, Apple, BlackBerry) and include a wide range of gaming applications and service applications. There are apps for banking, booking, location-based finding, order-tracking and a host of other services. Cloud Computing Cloud computing enables centralised data to be shared globally The most recent major development in the use of the Internet and the Web is Cloud Computing, whereby software, data and other electronic resources that are usually stored on an enterprise’s LAN server or, for an individual, on their PC or other personal device, are instead stored remotely ‘on the cloud’, being a server on the Internet. End users access cloud based applications through a Web browser or other user interface software and share the resources stored ‘on the cloud’ with other users. Cloud computing effectively packages multiple IT components into a single, optimised computing solution, centralising the management of IT resources. It is mostly used by large international enterprises having offices all over the world. Applications run faster ‘on the cloud’ and two or more end users can work on a single document at the same time. In the realm of personal computing, cloud computing enables all personal content to be accessed across all personal devices. Apple’s iCloud, for example, enables users to take a photo on their iPhone and have it automatically and instantly appear on their iPad, or download a song on their iPad and have it instantly accessible from their iPod. HyperText Mark-up Language (HTML) is used to describe a web document’s structure and content. It is not a programming language or formatting language. Rather, it is simple text that uses mark-up codes to indicate the logical ‘elements’ in the document, such as headings, paragraphs, tables and images. HTML elements are the basic building-blocks of webpages. Web browsers interpret mark-up codes and render or display mark-up elements as ‘marked’. HTML uses tags to mark-up elements. Tags are enclosed in angle brackets and most commonly come in pairs, such as <title>....</title> which fully enclose the element’s contents. However some HTML elements, such as images, use only a single tag and are therefore referred to as empty elements. A level 1 heading: <h1>Web Development</h1> An image: <img id="logo" src="images/MyLogo.png" height ="60" width="100" alt="Logo" title="MyLogo" /> Basic HTML Exercise The image below shows the basic structure for HTML documents; having head and body tags within html tags. Right-click on this image and select 'Save Link As..' or 'Save Target As..' to download a basic HTML file containing this html mark-up code. Save the file wherever you choose (e.g. on your desktop) then right-click this file and choose 'Open With > Notepad'. You will notice this document is a simple text file which contains a title within the head of the document and a heading 1, heading 2 and paragraph within the body of the document. You can edit the content of these HTML elements as you please. The next time you open the file it should open in your default web browser and display the text you have edited. Note the title text appears within the browser window's tab. A basic html page Logical and Physical Mark-up In HTML there is both logical and physical mark-up. Logical mark-up includes structural and semantic mark-up while physical mark-up tells us how the document is to be styled when presented. Examples of physical mark-up include <b>bold text</b> and <i>italic text</i>. Logical mark-up elements, such as headings and paragraphs, are block-level elements which the browser presents with line breaks to separate them visually from other elements. Physical mark-up elements are generally inline elements which occur inside block-level elements and do not introduce any visual breaks. It is generally considered best practice to separate presentation mark-up (physical) from structural mark-up (logical) by using a separate language, know as CSS, for all styling of HTML elements. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style description language that uses style rules, selectors and properties to apply styling to HTML elements for presentation in a webpage. Web browsers interpret CSS along with HTML when rendering a webpage. CSS can be embedded within the head of an HTML page or style can be inline within html tags. However, the best practice is to write all CSS style descriptions within a separate external style sheet and link to this style sheet within the HTML pages. This enables styles described in the style sheet for particular element types, such as headings, to apply to all elements of that type within every HTML page of the web site. <link rel=“stylesheet” type=“text/css” title=“My Style” href=“mystyle.css” /> /* Link to an external style sheet / <style type=”text/css” media=”screen”> / Embedded style sheet / / Style rules in this section here / / Inline Style / <h2 style=”color: red; border: solid;”>A Grand Heading</h2> / Avoid using inline style / Style rules for heading 1’s, heading 2’s, paragraphs and anchor hypertext links: h1{ text-align: center; font: bold 40pt times new roman, serif; color: #0000ff;} / blue / h2{ text-align: left; font: bold 30pt times new roman, serif; color: #0000ff;} / blue / p { text-align: left; font: normal 11pt arial, sans-serif;} / black / a:link {color: #009900;} / green / a:visited {color: #0000ff;} / blue / a:hover {color: #ff0000;} / red / a:active {color: #ffff00;} / yelllow / When all style rules for a web page are within a single external CSS style sheet, changing the references to another CSS style sheet can instantly change the styles of elements throughout the web page. Select the Default Style option or Alternative Style option below to change this web page's style sheet reference. Default Style Alternative Style XML (eXtensible Mark-up Language) is a simple, flexible meta-language from which other mark-ups can be created. An ISO compliant Standard Generalised Mark-up Language (SGML) that is applicable to a wide range of applications, XML defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human readable and machine understandable. Platform independent, it is widely used for marking up a variety of structured data, such as Scalar Vector Graphics, Maths Mark-up and Geographical Mark-up. XML is also used to enable electronic document data exchange over the internet through web services. When XML is used for a particular project or task it is called an ‘XML application’. Example XML applications include: • XHTML – an XML application of HTML • SGV – an XML application of Scalar Vector Graphics • RSS – an XML application of syndicated channel items • KML / GML – an XML application for geography XHTML has the same elements and attributes as HTML but conforms to the syntax and rules of XML. Unlike HTML, which is just hypertext that cannot be extended, XHTML is extensible, enabling other XML based markup languages to be mixed with it, such as SVG and KML (Keyhole Markup Language) used in Google Maps. Documents can be marked up with a set of XML tags of a person’s own devising which allow semantics to describe hierarchical data, enabling such data to be searched and utilised in XML applications. A great example of a website that uses XML is ‘The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, 1674-1913’. In this site, court case proceedings have been marked up using XML to identify persons, places, offences, victims and so on, enabling detailed search results. Any of the search results pages can be viewed as XML. Here is just one example: Client/Server Architecture A system consisting of a client and a server is known as a two-tier system. A client (“front-end”) presents the interface (Web browser) to the user while the server (“back-end”) is responsible for data storage and management. The client gathers information from the user and submits it to the server. The server fulfils the request by managing the information submitted by the client or sending back information requested by the client. Upon receiving the requested information, the client formats and presents the results to the user. In a three-tier (or multi-tier) client/server architecture, a middle processing tier handles the interaction between the Web browser client and the data storage tier. This processing tier performs necessary processing or calculations based on the request from the client tier and handles the return of any information to the client tier. Three-tier Client/Server Architecture Source: Swinburne University Three-tier Client/Server Architecture Client-side scripting is a language that runs on a local browser (on the client tier) to create dynamic web pages and handle user-interface processing and light processing, such as data validation. JavaScript is an example of client-side scripting. Server-side scripting is a language that is executed from a Web server to handle more intensive processing and data storage for interactive Web sites. PHP is an example of server-side scripting. JavaScript is a dynamic scripting language that is primarily used on the client-side but can also be used for server-side web applications. Both procedural and object based, it is generally used for short, specific tasks to provide enhanced user interfaces and dynamic websites. Utilising the DOM (Document Object Model), which is a platform and language independent interface, JavaScript is able to access web documents to dynamically update their content, structure or style. JavaScript scripting can be embedded within HTML documents or written within separate JScript files linked to HTML documents. On the client-side, JavaScript is interpreted by a Web browser when the page is loaded. This site uses JavaScript to cycle through images (see ArcMap and Aimsun images), switch between CSS style sheets (see under CSS) and provide the current age of my twin sons Thomas and Oliver who were born on the 21st January 2009 and today are JavaScript can also be used client-side to load and validate data within user input forms. AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a client-side use of JavaScript with XMLHttpRequest objects to provide a method for sending data to, and retrieving data from, a server. This client-server data exchange is performed asynchronously (in the background) without interfering with the display and behaviour of an existing page such that the page does not require a full reload. Cookie Monster Cartoon JavaScript is also used to create and retrieve cookie values. Cookies are essentially text files containing string variables which a web site sends to an end-user’s browser. Saved on the end-user’s computer, cookies always contain the URL of the server from which they were sent. Whenever an end-user accesses a website, their browser makes HTTP requests to load the website pages. When doing this, browsers also check their cookie files. If a cookie’s URL matches that requested, data is sent to the URL server as part of the HTTP request. This data contains state information which usually includes the user’s identity and the time of their request. Typically, information on the user’s recent browsing history is also sent. Items selected in a shopping cart may also be sent. Cookies are not viruses, although they can be used by spyware to track users browsing activities. Most e-Commerce websites however use cookies without malicious intent, to determine user preferences and the number of visits by users to their site. In recent times, faster JavaScript virtual machines and frameworks built upon them have increased the popularity of JavaScript for server-side web applications. The most notable of these frameworks is Node.js, which consists of Google Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine plus several built-in libraries. JavaScript is also used in applications that are not web-based, such as in PDF documents and desktop widgets. Just for Fun Change the date setting on your computer to 21st January for any year from 2010 onwards, clear your browser's cache then reload this page and see what happens! PHP is a server-side scripting language that is executed from a web server to produce dynamic web pages. When interpreted by a Web server with a PHP processor module, the server generates the resulting Web page which it returns to the client browser. Unlike client-side scripting languages, such as JavaScript, PHP cannot manipulate a Web browser. First developed in 1995, it was then referred to as Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools). It is now said to stand for ‘PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor’, a recursive acronym. PHP scripting can be embedded into HTML or XHTML source documents. A Web page document containing PHP code, such as this web page, must have an extension of .php. The standard method for writing PHP code declaration blocks is to use the <?php and ?> script delimiters. For example: <?php echo “Hello World!”; ?> As an open source scripting language it is widely used, often as an alternative to Microsoft’s Active Server Pages (ASP). It has a wide range of functions and control structures which can be used to perform various types of processing such as complex calculations. PHP also has object-oriented programming capabilities which can be used to access many types of databases, such as MySQL, Oracle and Sybase, for data storage and retrieval. Basic PHP Exercise The following exercise demonstrates how PHP can be used to write data to a text file on a remote server through use of a user input form. When the form is submitted, it can GET or POST (in this case POST) data entered in the form to the website's server and write it to the text file, along with the date and time of submission, the user's IP address and whether that IP is the unique IP address of the user's client computer or the remote IP address of the proxy server through which they are connected to the internet. To see this for yourself, carry out the following steps in the form below: 1. Select the initials of your first and last name from the list boxes. 2. Click the ‘Submit’ button. 3. Click the ‘Download’ button. * A left-click on the 'Download' button will open your text file within a new browser window. The name you gave your file will appear at the end of the URL address. To download the actual text file, right-click the 'Download' button and select 'Save Link As..' or 'Save Target As..'. Download button Java Coffee Cup Logo Source: Sun Microsystems The Java Coffee Cup Logo Java is a general-purpose, class-based, object-oriented language. First released in 1995 by Sun Microsystems, it is now owned by Oracle. Its syntax style is similar to C and C++ and much of C# and VB.Net models Java. It is currently one of the most popular programming languages in use, particularly for client-server web applications but it is also used in a variety of non-web-based applications. Specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible, Java is intended to let application developers write once and run anywhere, meaning that the code does not need to be recompiled to run on another platform. Java source code is compiled to byte code which is platform independent and the byte code is run on Java Virtual Machines (JVM). Different JVMs exist for different operating systems. Java is also a concurrent programming language which means it can execute multiple threads of code at the same time. As an object-oriented language, objects are created from instances of classes. Essentially, classes are constructs of code containing attributes and methods that are used as a blueprint from which objects are instantiated. Classes usually represent real world objects, such as people, animals, buildings or possibly abstract things, such as a ‘shape’. Many objects can be instantiated from the one class. For example, an ‘animal’ class could be used to instantiate a ‘horse’ object and also a ‘dog’ object. While programmers write their own classes for specific programs, many other classes can be called at run time from the Java Class Library which holds comprehensive sets of standard class libraries. Each of the standard class library ‘packages’ consists of a set of classes which contain reusable functions found in most operating systems. Dynamically loaded at run time, the standard class libraries provide the programmer with well-known sets of useful facilities and provide an abstract interface to tasks that would normally depend heavily on the hardware and operating system, such as accessing a network or files. Each version of Java has its own API (Application Program Interface) and an online API Specification which describes the various library packages, along with the various classes, interfaces, exceptions and error handlers these packages contain. One such example is the Java 2 Platform Standard Edition 5.0 API Specification.
جزئیات محصول تاریخ انتشار: ۲۴ بهمن ۱۳۹۷ دسته بندی: رای خود را ثبت کنید برچسب ها The first thing which should be understood is illness or issues. Any, so scary countless blend of thoughts and actions can lead to a single solution in the shortest amount of time! The great news is we’re beginning to take note. As long as you might think it like an outside problem, your depression isn’t likely to get cured. Neo-Europes generally have a good deal in common with each other. This one is much more existential. For all practical uses random is a great term. If a young child depends upon a type’s data also, the child fragment is contained in the parent’s corresponding fragment. To put it differently, it’s toxic in large quantity. So How About Mutation Definition Biology? The body is a complicated system which demands a complete spectrum of nutrients for optimal wellbeing. Ladies choose to visit work to not just provide for their family members, but to have more stuff they truly don’t require. Life is what you would like it to be. The Foolproof Mutation Definition Biology Strategy It would be a really uninteresting world if everyone believed just the identical thing. The brain being the absolute most logical spot. There are lots of religions made by people for folks to fear of everything and anything. Believing a simple fact is redundant. term paper writing service God might have created life. For instance God is not a liar because he cannot lie. The 5-Minute Rule for Mutation Definition Biology Drift is inversely linked to population size. Plastic responses aren’t memetic or learnt but are entirely the consequence of a genetic reaction-norm. There quite a few ways to compute diffusion prices. Drastic changes in environmental conditions can at times cause drastic adjustments to the gene pool of the people. A reduction in energy availability is accompanied by a gain in entropy. Thus, lifestyles expected to result in a rise in the degree of genetic drift appear to get related to genome reduction. What’s Really Happening with Mutation Definition Biology There’s also brain death. 1 donor managed to recognize the killer of whoever donated her heart to her! The self receptors maintain the broadcast of whoever died. How to Get Started with Mutation Definition Biology? Similar biological phenomena could result from various processes occurring in various organisms. Quite simply, it’s the evolutionary changes that exist past the species level. Today, there’s only one species of humanoids upon the face of the planet. Whatever They Told You About Mutation Definition Biology Is Dead Wrong…And Here’s Why DNA and RNA consist of many nucleotides. A DNA molecule contains two strands twisted around one another to form a double helix. A strand of DNA is composed of little building-blocks. Translocations aren’t the only kind of chromosome mutation. Both of these varieties of point mutations are grouped together because the two of them is able to drastically influence the sequence of amino acids produced. They are triggered by several environmental factors within our body. Mutation Definition Biology: No Longer a Mystery You’ve never seen magnetism. Human consciousness, as it’s so ungraspable has since the beginning of science always been connected to processes deeply within, linked to processes far out. So yes, the essence of nature is constant. Parents of severely handicapped children make sure it is not possible for them to reproducesometimes girls are given hysterectomies on the grounds they don’t have the capacity to manage menstruationwhich I suspect is often correct. There’s no doubt that a number of the most productive plants and animals are evolved as a consequence of mutation. With fish, you need to be mindful about combinations. ۴ The overall quantity of electricity and matter is always exactly the same. Everyone can begin working with the stream of energy. Simply understand that you have a fairly huge quantity of control over life. The root of the issue is the Chicago gang diaspora. When you have a look at the facts, there isn’t any other conclusion. It’s merely a matter of where you believe the evidence leads. The Mutation Definition Biology Cover Up Installing the plugin is easy, but generating a schema in order for it to consume requires somewhat more thought. Although there are a few online courses readily available, it’s critical to be careful as many are short on information and make a great deal of promises based on attunements alone or with scant information included. The single digit, the main number, is the most crucial number. The Little-Known Secrets to Mutation Definition Biology Green eyes are in reality a type of brown eyes, brought on by the quantity of melanin that’s found in the iris. An essential characteristic is it never stops working. The seed case is going to have little wing that will assist the wind disperse it effectively. For a heterozygote, though, a balance is accomplished. Also, another issue to be considered is an extra intake of a single element inhibits the uptake of some other element. The bio-hybrid device won’t be in reach of the overall body’s immune response allowing it to be guarded against being rejected by the patient’s body.
Technological Challenges The Galician Biomaterial Network is trying to tackle the new technological challenges which are being faced by the research community in this field, targeting above all: Developing Innovative Biomaterials The current clinical demands, and future demands of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, challenge material science and biomedical engineering in new and interesting ways. Research involving bio-inspired materials and biomimetic processes capable of reproducing and mimicking the functioning and structure of living tissue is of special interest Application of Nanotechnologies In the past decade, nanotechnology has experienced a boom due to its enormous potential and versatility. One of the advantages of these nanomaterials is based around the possible altering of its electrical, optical or magnetic properties by varying the size which allows us to design materials with very specific properties. The possible applications to medicine are the manufacturing of nanoparticles to diagnose diseases such as cancer or Alzheimer’s; using nanosensors to detect substances of interest (glucose, cholesterol), drug nanotransporters which allow drugs to be administered in a specific place, etc. Designing Methods of 3D scaffold fabrication The latest advances are directed towards the development of scaffolds and supports for cells and other biologically active substances (growth factors, hormones…), which assist in the regeneration and repair of living tissue. As an example we have the obtaining of porous ceramics from natural resources (wood, algae and plants) which preserve the microstructure of the material in question, allowing for the fabrication of high performance implants and prosthetic components. Regenerative Medicine Nowadays many medical problems are solved through the use of prosthesis and implants which are mainly based on titanium technology, but the future is in regenerative medicine. In this context, biomaterials show themselves to be the best option to promote the restoration of functionality to a living tissue. Implanted into the organism, these advanced materials manage to interact with the living tissue and stimulate them so that they regenerate, bringing about a form of assisted self-repair.
Measure information security Measuring security is especially important if a company invests a lot of time and efforts in securing their organization. However measuring security is not an easy task, as there are a lot of different variables and non-tangible items. Common items measured by companies are: • Security events (number of) • Effectiveness of a security program or project • The successful pass of a security audit • Risk Analysis and their results • Compliancy testing While these areas give a good insight in the efforts taken by involved security professionals and the company in general, one has to dig deeper in the meaning of each measured security metric. For example compliancy can contain hundreds of different metrics, like the percentage of systems covered with anti-malware software, the amount of critical security patches available on a system or percentage of certified security personnel. In all cases, there should be a clear understanding of why something is measured and what defines a good (or bad) value. For example one can determine that a percentage of all systems have to audited at least once a year. That might be a good metric, as long as it is clear why this has to happen and what defines a good or bad outcome. Just the fact that a system has been audited doesn’t tell that much yet. For example a “positive” result might be that it passed on minimal security requirements. When defining a plan or project to measure information security, include the why and what of each metric. Add a minimal threshold or baseline, to determine in what areas a successful result has been achieved. Also the impact of not reaching compliancy might be stated, so management can decide if there is a clear risk which need to be addressed.
See how off-grid energy can help you Off Grid Communities Did you know that parts of Jasper live off grid! Off grid living does not just pertain to single dwellings and can include entire communities that are disconnected from the broader regional infrastructure. Much of the arctic actually live off the grid while communities and counties across Canada are looking at solar PV to clean their immediate environment while becoming leaders in their regions. dollars. Even after that is done, there are still the monthly bills to worry about. Off grid systems offer a cheaper alternative while producing a cleaner energy. Why Off Grid? In todays day and age, it may be hard to believe why someone would want to live off the grid however in most cases it is just the most sensible choice. Often times the local utility can make the choice easy for Canadians to live off the grid. When a location, mainly rural properties need to have the grid extended by the utility it can often cost thousands of What we can do Although the applications of off grid solar PV systems can range from a small cabin to an entire community the components and theory remain the same. At Centre Star Energy we will perform a site analysis and load analysis to determine the system that is needed to make your location fully sustainable today.
The catastrophic failure of a mountain slope, a snowcover, or a lava dome generates a flow of material downslope driven by gravity. These flows of material are an extremely dangerous natural hazard in many parts of the world. The aim of this project is to develop a radar imaging system that can enhance our understanding of these complex flow processes. Existing radar used for studying such flows tend to give information on the flow velocity in just one dimension (towards the instrument), and tend to obtain a speed averaged over a distance of 50 metres or so. This is useful for providing general information on how the flow speed changes with alterations to terrain, but this is far too coarse a resolution to gain an understanding of exactly how these flows work. That is, what is the appropriate flow law for describing their dynamics? Once we have a good idea what this is, we can improve the mathematical models used in risk and hazard zoning. The Radar Our instrument employs a phased-array to give two components to the velocity. Hence, we are able to see how the flow spreads or interacts with obstacles in the path. The high resolution of our instrument yields these velocity estimates over a distance of less than one metre. This is important as it permits a direct comparison with other instruments in the avalanche path, meaning that we are in a position to determine exactly how the flowing material interacts with the radar beam. This resolution is also close to the scale of the dynamical processes within the flow. Thus, for the first time, we are able to image the whole flow at a resolution that is relevant dynamically. The Test Site In this project we are validating the radar data using snow avalanches released at the [ Vallee de la Sionne] avalanche test site in Switzerland. The nice thing about working with avalanches is that because the snow melts, instrumentation can be recovered and repaired in the summer. Contrast this with pyroclastic flows that leave a town such as Plymouth on Montserrat under a layer of rock and ash [http://www.mvo.ms/]. It is also possible to trigger avalanche release using explosives in a much more simple and more controlled manner than is possible with related flow processes. For example, the [SATSIE website] shows such a release in Norway. Hence, for the duration of this project we will be concentrating on snow avalanche phenomena, with the intention of working on other flows once the instrument is fully verified and validated.
Health care List Book Hb A1c (HbA1c) Issue Information HbA1c Test (Hemoglobin A1c ) HbA1c Check (Hemoglobin A1c ): HbA1c (hemoglobin A1c) is a test out employed sometimes to observe blood glucose around those with diabetes mellitus. HbA1c is usually a extended-term warning of blood sugar management. That analyze likewise displays the consequences involving eating habits, workout, and also substance remedy to the person's blood glucose. The regular assortment for haemoglobin A1c is usually lower than half-dozen%. HbA1c can not be utilized to watch day time-to be able to-working day blood glucose levels. Medical Book
The Phalaenopsis In Greek, the name Phalaenopsis means 'moth', referring to the shape of the flower. The plant was brought back to Western Europe around 1700 from exploratory expeditions to the tropical rain forests of Asia, New Guinea and Australia. Aristocratic plant The Phalaenopsis is an easy-care plant, and appreciative of good care. The blooms are absolutely essential for floristic creations and interior design. It is an aristocratic plant that will augment those special times in peoples' lives. Symbolically, the plants represent solidarity, femininity, cooperation and self esteem. The Orchid family to which the Phalaenopsis belongs is one of the largest plant families in the world. There are more than 20,000 known and cultivated varieties, with more being discovered all the time. The Phalaenopsis is much-loved and popular with customers because of its unique, exotic character and long storage life. Little water In warmer climates, especially in the tropical rain forests, the Phalaenopsis often grows on trees, branches and twigs, with its roots exposed to the air: the so-called epiphytic plant. Epiphytic plants grow in places from which they do not need to extract their nutrition. In terms of plants care, this means that they need very little water and they can be grown on special culture mediums, noticeable by the frequent use of translucent pots. The Phalaenopsis enjoys a particularly long blooming cycle. Below you will find a short summary of the duration of the different phases. Months Grade Celsius Length of cultivation: laboratory 4 months - Length of cultivation: windowsill 7 months 28 Length of cultivation: warm location 7 months 28 Length of cultivation: air conditioning 3 months 18 Length of cultivation: regeneration 2 months 21 Total 24 months Laboratory plants Bedding plants Potted plants Flowering plants
Hybrid Peppers John's Mystery Pepper Plant – Peach Variant John's Mystery Pepper – Peach Variant, 2018 Only five major cultivated pepper species produce the 50,000 estimated pepper varieties. The vast number of pepper varieties are hybrids of one another, rather than their own distinct species. For example, the common Green Bell Pepper (with zero heat) is the exact same species (Capsicum annuum) as the spicy Cayenne (30,000-50,000 SHU). They're hybrids of one-another, and through the process of hybridization, they're very different from one another in both look and heat level. Over the last few thousand years, pepper varieties have evolved from plants with simple round, red, berry-like peppers with modest heat to the many varied peppers of today. And, pepper growers everywhere are continuing this process (some unknowingly). What is Hybridization Hybridization is when pollen from one pepper variety is used to successfully pollinate the flower of a different variety, resulting in seeds that have genetic material from each of the parent plants. "Successfully pollinate" is the key term as not all pepper varieties can cross with each other. In some instances, plants from one pepper species can cross with a pepper plant of another species, though generally, hybridization is most likely from pepper types within the same species. With hybridization, the offspring plants typically have traits that are a combination of its two parents. Sometimes traits will closely resemble one of the parents, while in others, the combination results in a plant/pepper that differs significantly. Accidental Hybridization While many times you'll want your seeds to produce the intended plant, sometimes it's fun to get new and unexpected varieties pop-up through hybridization. We accidentally found (and found again, and again...) that accidental hybridization is actually quite common. We typically grow anywhere from 20-40 varieties of peppers in about 400-600sqft. When using seeds from those plants, we usually find around 10-20% of our new plants are not what we expected. Many times the differences are minor, like a small amount of purple tint toward the top of what would normally be an all white pepper. Sometimes hybrid plants have significant differences and desirable characteristics (beauty is in the eye of the beholder!). If you feel ready to provide a good home for this unplanned pepper, you may want to attempt to turn your newly discovered hybrid into a variety of your very own. We recently planted 5th generation (5G) Fury seeds (an accidental combination of a White Ghost and Yellow Trinidad Scorpion, we believe) and are hoping to see greater consistency in its offspring this year. Last year, 3 of 4 of our 4th generation (4G) plants looked like the original, with the other still varying considerably. The prior year, only 2 of the 8 were closely similar to the desired parent variety. Planned Hybridization If you'd like to design your own hybrid, so to say, you'll first need to check to make sure the two varieties have the potential to cross with one another. If so, you'll want to clip the flower buds from one of the varieties just before the flower opens (so you know it'll have pollen from only that plant). Then, while holding them over a cup, take a tweeters and gently pull off all the flower petals from the bud. Place the buds in a small cup to dry. In a couple of days, you should be able to gently shake the cup to create a small film of pollen on the cup's bottom. Once you have the pollen from the first variety, you'll want to find a flower just as it's getting ready to open on the second plant. While taking care, to keep this flower bud attached to the host plant, use a tweezers to gently pull apart the flower petals and use a cotton swab to apply pollen from the cup onto this flower. Fold a small piece of paper gently over the artificially pollinated flower and tape the edges to seal it. About a week later, you should be able to remove the piece of paper and have the very beginnings of a new pepper. Mark the pepper by loosely placing a small twisty-tie around the pepper stem. When ripe, pick the pepper and harvest its seeds. The next year, you'll want to plant as many of those seeds as possible. The child plants and their associated peppers will likely vary considerably. Having more plants gives you more ability to choose one (or a couple) with the most desirable attributes for continued propagation! Selective Breeding to Lock-In Your New Hybrid After the selection of your desired hybrid, the difficulty is the seeds from a hybrid plant (if viable) will usually produce a wide variety of offspring and many won't match your desired hybrid (and potentially some that could be even cooler). Thus, to establish a desired hybrid usually involves planting many seeds (we shoot for 6-10 seedlings each generation) from the hybrid in hopes one of the many plants will look like the original. When a desired parent plant is identified, it's a good idea to separate that plant from others to increase the likelihood the fruit from the chosen parent plant will be the result of self-pollination verses having been pollinated from a nearby, non-ideal plant. Selecting seeds from this desired, isolated parent plant can then be used to repeat the selective breeding process again the following year. For each year where this process is successfully carried out, the child plants should more closely and more frequently match the characteristics of the desired hybrid. Our reading suggests when this process is carried out over seven generations, the genetic material should be to the point where the following generations should reliably produce the intended plant. Additional Resources

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